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Licaj I, Germinario C, Di Meo MC, Varricchio E, Rocco M. The physiology and anatomy study in leaves of Saragolla and Svevo wheat cultivars under polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress. Funct Plant Biol 2024; 51:FP23151. [PMID: 38326232 DOI: 10.1071/fp23151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is increasing in frequency and severity with the progression of global climate change, thereby becoming a major concern for the growth and yield of crop plants, including wheat. The current challenge is to explore different ways of developing wheat genotypes with increased tolerance to drought. Therefore, we renewed interest in 'ancient' varieties expected to be more tolerant to environmental stress than the few elite varieties nowadays cultivated. This study aimed to perform comparative analysis of the effect of drought-simulating polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) treatment on morpho-anatomical and physiological foliar traits of two durum wheat seedlings cultivars, Saragolla and Svevo, as these can reflect the adaptability of the plant to the environment to a certain extent. Results demonstrated that drought-stressed Saragolla leaves exhibited a greater reduction of stomatal density, a minor reduction of stomatal pore width, a wider xylem vessel mean area, greater compactness of mesophyll cells, a minor loss of chlorophyll content, as well as better photosynthetic and growth performance compared to the other variety. From such behaviours, we consider the Saragolla cultivar more drought tolerant than Svevo and therefore probably very promising for cultivation in dry areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilva Licaj
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Chiara Germinario
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento 82100, Italy
| | - Mariapina Rocco
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento 82100, Italy
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2
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Di Meo MC, Giacco A, Zarrelli A, Mandrone VM, D’Angelo L, Silvestri E, De Girolamo P, Varricchio E. Effects of Olea europaea L. Polyphenols on the Animal Welfare and Milk Quality in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3225. [PMID: 37893948 PMCID: PMC10603655 DOI: 10.3390/ani13203225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation with an Olea europaea L. extract on the animal welfare and milk quality of dairy cows. Thirty Italian Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in the mid-lactation phase (90 to 210 days) were blocked into experimental groups based on parity class (namely, primiparous (P) (n = 10), secondiparous (S) (n = 10) and pluriparous (PL) (n = 10)) and received, for 60 days, Phenofeed Dry® at 500 mg/cow/day. Milk and blood samples were collected before the start of the treatment (T0), subsequently every 15 days (T1-T4) and at 45 days after the end of treatment (T5). In the serum, glucose and triglycerides, stress, the thyroid, lactation and sex hormones were measured; in the milk, lysozyme content as well as the fatty acid profile were assessed. In the whole animal, the enriched feed helped to maintain hormonal parameters in the physiological range while producing hypoglycemic (T4 vs. T0, for P and PL p < 0.001) and hypolipidemic effects (T4 vs. T0, for P p < 0.001 and for PL p < 0.01). At the milk level, it resulted in a reduction in total fat (T5 vs. T0, for P, S and PL p < 0.001) and in the saturated fatty acids (SFAs)/monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) ratio paralleled by an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (T5 vs. T0, for P, S and PL p < 0.001), protein content (lysozyme (T4 vs. T0, for P and PL p < 0.001)) and lactose (T5 vs. T0, for P, S and PL p < 0.001). Thus, the inclusion of natural bioactive molecules such as O. europaea L. polyphenols in the dairy cow diet may help to improve animal welfare and milk quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, BN, Italy; (M.C.D.M.); (A.G.); (V.M.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Antonia Giacco
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, BN, Italy; (M.C.D.M.); (A.G.); (V.M.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy;
| | - Vittorio Maria Mandrone
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, BN, Italy; (M.C.D.M.); (A.G.); (V.M.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Livia D’Angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, NA, Italy; (L.D.); (P.D.G.)
| | - Elena Silvestri
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, BN, Italy; (M.C.D.M.); (A.G.); (V.M.M.); (E.S.)
| | - Paolo De Girolamo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, NA, Italy; (L.D.); (P.D.G.)
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, BN, Italy; (M.C.D.M.); (A.G.); (V.M.M.); (E.S.)
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3
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Di Meo MC, Salzano A, Zotti T, Palladino A, Giaquinto D, Maruccio L, Romanucci R, Rocco M, Zarrelli A, D'Occhio MJ, Campanile G, Varricchio E. Plasma fatty acid profile in Italian Holstein-Friesian dairy cows supplemented with natural polyphenols from the olive plant Olea Europaea L. Vet Anim Sci 2023; 21:100298. [PMID: 37252208 PMCID: PMC10220399 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of supplementing with natural functional feed on the plasma fatty acid profile of lactating Italian Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. Thirty cows in mid-lactation received the natural olive extract PHENOFEED DRY (500 mg/cow/day) which mainly comprises hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol and verbascoside. The total content of polyphenols and the antioxidant power of standard feed, enriched feed and pure extract was evaluated respectively by Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH assay, and a characterization in HPLC-UV (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet) of bioactive molecules present in the extract PHENOFEED DRY was performed. PHENOFEED DRY was provided for 60 days, and the plasma profile of fatty acids was determined by Gas Chromatography. The administration of enriched feed resulted in an increase in the ratio of Omega-6 to Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from 3:1 to 4:1 (p<0.001). This was not influenced by the calving order. The addition of polyphenols helped to keep monounsaturated (MUFA) and saturated (SFA) levels constant and results in a significant increase in polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acid after 15 days of administration. The Omega-6/Omega-3 ratio was in the optimal range. The findings show that inclusion of natural functional food such as plant polyphenols helps to maintain a healthy blood fatty acid profile in lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, Benevento, BN 82100, Italy
| | - Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, NA 80137, Italy
| | - Tiziana Zotti
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, Benevento, BN 82100, Italy
| | - Antonio Palladino
- Department of Agricultural Science, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA 80055, Italy
| | - Daniela Giaquinto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, NA 80137, Italy
| | - Lucianna Maruccio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, NA 80137, Italy
| | - Riccardo Romanucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, NA 80137, Italy
| | - Mariapina Rocco
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, Benevento, BN 82100, Italy
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, NA 80126, Italy
| | - Michael J. D'Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, NA 80137, Italy
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University of Sannio, Benevento, BN 82100, Italy
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Fosso E, Leo M, Muccillo L, Mandrone VM, Di Meo MC, Molinario A, Varricchio E, Sabatino L. Quercetin's Dual Mode of Action to Counteract the Sp1-miR-27a Axis in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1547. [PMID: 37627542 PMCID: PMC10451631 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (Qc) inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. The molecular mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated; however, interplay with some miRNAs has been reported, specifically with miR-27a, an onco-miRNA overexpressed in several malignancies. Here, we show that Qc reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis in HCT116 and HT-29 colon cancer cells, by upregulating negative modulators of proliferation pathways such as Sprouty2, PTEN and SFRP1. These are targets of miR-27a whose high expression is reduced by Qc. Moreover, miR-23a, and miR-24-2, the two other components of the unique gene cluster, and the pri-miRNA transcript are reduced, evoking a transcriptional regulation of the entire cluster by Sp1. Mechanistically, we show that Qc is rapidly internalized and localizes in the nucleus, where it likely interacts with Sp1, inducing its proteasomal degradation. Sp1 is further repressed by ZBTB10, an Sp1 competitor for DNA binding that is an miR-27a target and whose levels increase following Qc. SP1 mRNA is also reduced, supporting the regulation of its own gene transcription. Finally, Sp1 knockdown elicits the impaired transcription of the entire cluster and the upregulation of the miR-27a targets, phenocopying the effects of Qc. Through this dual mode of action, Qc counteracts the protumoral Sp1-miR-27a axis, opening the way for novel therapies based on its association as neoadjuvant with known anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lina Sabatino
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Via Francesco de Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (E.F.); (M.L.); (L.M.); (V.M.M.); (M.C.D.M.); (A.M.); (E.V.)
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5
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Licaj I, Di Meo MC, Fiorillo A, Samperna S, Marra M, Rocco M. Comparative Analysis of the Response to Polyethylene Glycol-Simulated Drought Stress in Roots from Seedlings of "Modern" and "Ancient" Wheat Varieties. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:428. [PMID: 36771510 PMCID: PMC9921267 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean, where it is the basis for the production of high added-value food derivatives such as pasta. In the next few years, the detrimental effects of global climate change will represent a serious challenge to crop yields. For durum wheat, the threat of climate change is worsened by the fact that cultivation relies on a few genetically uniform, elite varieties, better suited to intensive cultivation than "traditional" ones but less resistant to environmental stress. Hence, the renewed interest in "ancient" traditional varieties are expected to be more tolerant to environmental stress as a source of genetic resources to be exploited for the selection of useful agronomic traits such as drought tolerance. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the effect and response of roots from the seedlings of two durum wheat cultivars: Svevo, a widely cultivated elite variety, and Saragolla, a traditional variety appreciated for its organoleptic characteristics, to Polyethylene glycol-simulated drought stress. The effect of water stress on root growth was analyzed and related to biochemical data such as hydrogen peroxide production, electrolyte leakage, membrane lipid peroxidation, proline synthesis, as well as to molecular data such as qRT-PCR analysis of drought responsive genes and proteomic analysis of changes in the protein repertoire of roots from the two cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilva Licaj
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Anna Fiorillo
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Samperna
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Marra
- Department of Biology, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariapina Rocco
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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6
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Liberti D, Imbimbo P, Giustino E, D’Elia L, Ferraro G, Casillo A, Illiano A, Pinto G, Di Meo MC, Alvarez-Rivera G, Corsaro MM, Amoresano A, Zarrelli A, Ibáñez E, Merlino A, Monti DM. Inside out Porphyridium cruentum: Beyond the Conventional Biorefinery Concept. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2023; 11:381-389. [PMID: 36643001 PMCID: PMC9832536 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c05869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Here, an unprecedented biorefinery approach has been designed to recover high-added value bioproducts starting from the culture ofPorphyridium cruentum. This unicellular marine red alga can secrete and accumulate high-value compounds that can find applications in a wide variety of industrial fields. 300 ± 67 mg/L of exopolysaccharides were obtained from cell culture medium; phycoerythrin was efficiently extracted (40% of total extract) and isolated by single chromatography, with a purity grade that allowed the crystal structure determination at 1.60 Å; a twofold increase in β-carotene yield was obtained from the residual biomass; the final residual biomass was found to be enriched in saturated fatty acids. Thus, for the first time, a complete exploitation ofP. cruentumculture was set up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Liberti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Paola Imbimbo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Enrica Giustino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Luigi D’Elia
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Giarita Ferraro
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Angela Casillo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Anna Illiano
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pinto
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Department
of Sciences and Technologies (DST), University
of Sannio, Benevento82100, Italy
| | - Gerardo Alvarez-Rivera
- Laboratory
of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science
Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid28049, Spain
| | - Maria Michela Corsaro
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Elena Ibáñez
- Laboratory
of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science
Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid28049, Spain
| | - Antonello Merlino
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
| | - Daria Maria Monti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples80126, Italy
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Mercurio M, Izzo F, Gatta GD, Salzano L, Lotrecchiano G, Saldutto P, Germinario C, Grifa C, Varricchio E, Carafa A, Di Meo MC, Langella A. May a comprehensive mineralogical study of a jackstone calculus and some other human bladder stones unveil health and environmental implications? Environ Geochem Health 2022; 44:3297-3320. [PMID: 34529244 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01083-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper represents the first result of an active collaboration between the University of Sannio and the San Pio Hospital (Benevento, Italy), started in the 2018, that aims to a detailed mineralogical investigation of urinary stones of patients from Campania region. Herein, selected human bladder stones have been deeply characterized for clinical purposes and environmental biomonitoring, focusing on the importance to evaluate the concentration and distribution of undesired trace elements by means of microscopic techniques in the place of conventional wet chemical analyses. A rare bladder stone with a sea-urchin appearance, known as jackstone calculus, were also investigated (along with bladder stones made of uric acid and brushite) by means a comprehensive analytical approach, including Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction and Simultaneous Thermal Analyses. Main clinical assumptions were inferred according to the morpho-constitutional classification of bladder stones and information about patient's medical history and lifestyle. In most of the analyzed uroliths, undesired trace elements such as copper, cadmium, lead, chromium, mercury and arsenic have been detected and generally attributable to environmental pollution or contaminated food. Simultaneous occurrence of selenium and mercury should denote a methylmercury detoxification process, probably leading to the formation of a very rare HgSe compound known as tiemannite.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mercurio
- Dipartimento di Scienze E Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - F Izzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze E Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Diego Gatta
- Dipartimento Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Botticelli 23, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - L Salzano
- UOC Urologia, Azienda Ospedaliera San Pio di Benevento, Via dell'Angelo 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - G Lotrecchiano
- UOC Urologia, Azienda Ospedaliera San Pio di Benevento, Via dell'Angelo 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - P Saldutto
- UOC Urologia, Azienda Ospedaliera San Pio di Benevento, Via dell'Angelo 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - C Germinario
- Dipartimento di Scienze E Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - C Grifa
- Dipartimento di Scienze E Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - E Varricchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze E Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - A Carafa
- Dipartimento di Scienze E Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Dipartimento di Scienze E Tecnologie, Università degli Studi del Sannio, Via F. De Sanctis, 82100, Benevento, Italy
| | - A Langella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Universitario Di Monte Sant'Angelo, Edificio 10, Via Vicinale Cupa Cintia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
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8
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Salzano A, Di Meo MC, D’Onofrio N, Bifulco G, Cotticelli A, Licitra F, Iraci Fuintino A, Cascone G, Balestrieri ML, Varricchio E, Campanile G. Breed and Feeding System Impact the Bioactive Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bovine Milk. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911088. [PMID: 36232386 PMCID: PMC9569879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed at assessing the influence of breed and feeding system on the bovine milk profile of betaines and carnitines and milk capacity in counteracting the inflammatory endothelial cell (EC) damage induced by interleukin (IL)-6. In the first experimental design, two breeds were chosen (Holstein vs. Modicana) to investigate the biomolecule content and antioxidant capacity in milk and dairy products. In the second experimental design, two feeding systems (pasture vs. total mixed ratio) were tested only in Holstein to evaluate the possible effect on the functional profile of milk and dairy products. Finally, the bulk milk from the two experimental designs was used to evaluate the efficacy of preventing IL-6-induced endothelial inflammatory damage. Results showed that Modicana milk and whey had higher biomolecule content and antioxidant activity compared to Holstein milk (p < 0.01). Milk from Holstein fed TMR showed higher concentration of γ-butyrobetaine, δ-valerobetaine (p < 0.01), and l-carnitine (p < 0.05). Similarly, whey from Holstein fed TMR also showed higher content of δ-valerobetaine, glycine betaine, l-carnitine, and acetyl-l-carnitine (p < 0.01) compared to the Holstein fed pasture. Conversely, the antioxidant activity of milk and dairy products was not affected by the feeding system. In ECs, all milk samples reduced the IL-6-induced cytokine release, as well as the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the induction of cell death, with the most robust effect elicited by Modicana milk (p < 0.01). Overall, Modicana milk showed a higher content of biomolecules and antioxidant activity compared to Holstein, suggesting that the breed, more than the feeding system, can positively affect the health-promoting profile of dairy cattle milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Salzano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Nunzia D’Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Bifulco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessio Cotticelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesca Licitra
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Cascone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Balestrieri
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
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