1
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Wang Y, Yang X, Zhang Y, Hong L, Xie Z, Jiang W, Chen L, Xiong K, Yang S, Lin M, Guo X, Li Q, Deng X, Lin Y, Cao M, Yi G, Fu M. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals roles of unique retinal microglia types in early diabetic retinopathy. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:49. [PMID: 38409074 PMCID: PMC10895757 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a blinding disease, are intricate. DR was thought to be a microvascular disease previously. However, growing studies have indicated that the retinal microglia-induced inflammation precedes microangiopathy. The binary concept of microglial M1/M2 polarization paradigms during inflammatory activation has been debated. In this study, we confirmed microglia had the most significant changes in early DR using single-cell RNA sequencing. METHODS A total of five retinal specimens were collected from donor SD rats. Changes in various cells of the retina at the early stage of DR were analyzed using single-cell sequencing technology. RESULTS We defined three new microglial subtypes at cellular level, including two M1 types (Egr2+ M1 and Egr2- M1) and one M2 type. We also revealed the anatomical location between these subtypes, the dynamic changes of polarization phenotypes, and the possible activation sequence and mutual activation regulatory mechanism of different cells. Furthermore, we constructed an inflammatory network involving microglia, blood-derived macrophages and other retinal nonneuronal cells. The targeted study of new disease-specific microglial subtypes can shorten the time for drug screening and clinical application, which provided insight for the early control and reversal of DR. CONCLUSIONS We found that microglia show the most obvious differential expression changes in early DR and reveal the changes in microglia in a high-glucose microenvironment at the single-cell level. Our comprehensive analysis will help achieve early reversal and control the occurrence and progression of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongyi Yang
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Libing Hong
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuohang Xie
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenmin Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1333 Xinhu Road, Shenzhen, 518100, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiping Lin
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Guo
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiumo Li
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Deng
- The Second Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Lin
- Health Management Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhe Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoguo Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 26, Erheng Road, Yuancun, Tianhe, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Coufal NG, Hermiston ML. A maelstrom of migrating monocytes drives neurodegeneration. Immunity 2023; 56:2677-2678. [PMID: 38091948 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a devastating complication of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), but it is not clear how it develops. In this issue of Immunity, Wilk et al. demonstrate that circulating BRAFV600E+ myeloid cells damage the blood-brain barrier and infiltrate the brain. Dual inhibition of the MAPK and senescence pathways can block parenchymal injury, providing a potential therapeutic avenue for histiocytic neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole G Coufal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michelle L Hermiston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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3
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Shiloh R, Lubin R, David O, Geron I, Okon E, Hazan I, Zaliova M, Amarilyo G, Birger Y, Borovitz Y, Brik D, Broides A, Cohen-Kedar S, Harel L, Kristal E, Kozlova D, Ling G, Shapira Rootman M, Shefer Averbuch N, Spielman S, Trka J, Izraeli S, Yona S, Elitzur S. Loss of function of ENT3 drives histiocytosis and inflammation through TLR-MAPK signaling. Blood 2023; 142:1740-1751. [PMID: 37738562 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Histiocytoses are inflammatory myeloid neoplasms often driven by somatic activating mutations in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade genes. H syndrome is an inflammatory genetic disorder caused by germ line loss-of-function mutations in SLC29A3, encoding the lysosomal equilibrative nucleoside transporter 3 (ENT3). Patients with H syndrome are predisposed to develop histiocytosis, yet the mechanism is unclear. Here, through phenotypic, molecular, and functional analysis of primary cells from a cohort of patients with H syndrome, we reveal the molecular pathway leading to histiocytosis and inflammation in this genetic disorder. We show that loss of function of ENT3 activates nucleoside-sensing toll-like receptors (TLR) and downstream MAPK signaling, inducing cytokine secretion and inflammation. Importantly, MEK inhibitor therapy led to resolution of histiocytosis and inflammation in a patient with H syndrome. These results demonstrate a yet-unrecognized link between a defect in a lysosomal transporter and pathological activation of MAPK signaling, establishing a novel pathway leading to histiocytosis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Shiloh
- The Rina Zaizov Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ruth Lubin
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Odeya David
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Pediatric Ambulatory Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ifat Geron
- The Rina Zaizov Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Elimelech Okon
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Idit Hazan
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marketa Zaliova
- Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine of Charles University Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gil Amarilyo
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Yehudit Birger
- The Rina Zaizov Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Yael Borovitz
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Nephrology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Dafna Brik
- The Rina Zaizov Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Arnon Broides
- Pediatric Ambulatory Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Pediatric Immunology Clinic, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Sarit Cohen-Kedar
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Liora Harel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Eyal Kristal
- Pediatric Ambulatory Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Pediatric Immunology Clinic, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Daria Kozlova
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Pathology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Galina Ling
- Pediatric Ambulatory Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Noa Shefer Averbuch
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Genetics Clinic, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
- The Jesse and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Shiri Spielman
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Pediatrics A, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Jan Trka
- Childhood Leukaemia Investigation Prague, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Second Faculty of Medicine of Charles University Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Shai Izraeli
- The Rina Zaizov Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Simon Yona
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sarah Elitzur
- The Rina Zaizov Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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4
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Hagey DW, Kvedaraite E, Akber M, Görgens A, Javadi J, Von Bahr Greenwood T, Björklund C, Åkefeldt SO, Hannegård-Hamrin T, Arnell H, Dobra K, Herold N, Svensson M, El Andaloussi S, Henter JI, Lourda M. Myeloid cells from Langerhans cell histiocytosis patients exhibit increased vesicle trafficking and an altered secretome capable of activating NK cells. Haematologica 2023; 108:2422-2434. [PMID: 36924254 PMCID: PMC10483349 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory myeloid neoplasia linked to pediatric neurodegeneration, whereby transformed LCH cells form agglomerated lesions in various organs. Although MAP-kinase pathway mutations have been identified in LCH cells, the functional consequences of these mutations and the mechanisms that cause the pathogenic behavior of LCH cells are not well understood. In our study, we used an in vitro differentiation system and RNA-sequencing to compare monocyte-derived dendritic cells from LCH patients to those derived from healthy controls or patients with Crohn's disease, a non-histiocytic inflammatory disease. We observed that interferon-γ treatment exacerbated intrinsic differences between LCH patient and control cells, including strikingly increased endo- and exocytosis gene activity in LCH patients. We validated these transcriptional patterns in lesions and functionally confirmed that LCH cells exhibited increased endo- and exocytosis. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing of extracellular vesicles revealed the enrichment of pathological transcripts involved in cell adhesion, MAP-kinase pathway, vesicle trafficking and T-cell activation in LCH patients. Thus, we tested the effect of the LCH secretome on lymphocyte activity and found significant activation of NK cells. These findings implicate extracellular vesicles in the pathology of LCH for the first time, in line with their established roles in the formation of various other tumor niches. Thus, we describe novel traits of LCH patient cells and suggest a pathogenic mechanism of potential therapeutic and diagnostic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Hagey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden; Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden.
| | - Egle Kvedaraite
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden; Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden; Department of Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 171 76 Sweden
| | - Mira Akber
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden
| | - André Görgens
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden; Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, 451 47 Germany
| | - Joman Javadi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden
| | - Tatiana Von Bahr Greenwood
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden; Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 171 76 Sweden
| | - Caroline Björklund
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå, 901 89 Sweden
| | - Selma Olsson Åkefeldt
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden; Theme of Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 171 76 Sweden
| | - Tova Hannegård-Hamrin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden; Department of Pediatric Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 171 76 Sweden
| | - Henrik Arnell
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76 Sweden
| | - Katalin Dobra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden
| | - Nikolas Herold
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden; Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 171 76 Sweden
| | - Mattias Svensson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden
| | - Jan-Inge Henter
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden; Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 171 76 Sweden
| | - Magda Lourda
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden; Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden.
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5
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Detection of Immune Microenvironment Changes and Immune-Related Regulators in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Bone Metastasis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:1447435. [PMID: 36714021 PMCID: PMC9879691 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1447435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The inflammation/immune response pathway is considered a key contributor to the development of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) bone metastasis. However, the dynamic changes in the immune microenvironment of LCH bone metastasis and critical regulators are still unclear. Expression profiling by arrays of GSE16395, GSE35340, and GSE122476 was applied to detect the immune microenvironment changes in the development of LCH bone metastasis. The single-cell high-throughput sequencing of GSE133704, involved in LCH bone lesions, was analyzed. The online database Metascape and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) algorithms were used to detect the gene function of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of hub regulators was constructed by the STRING database. In these results, key immune cells, such as Tem cells, NK T cells, CD8(+) T cells, and Th1 cells, were identified in LCH bone metastasis. These genes, which include LAG3, TSPAN5, LPAR5, VEGFA, CXCL16, CD74, and MARCKS, may significantly correlate with the cellular infiltration of B cells, aDCs, pDCs, cytotoxic cells, T cells, CD8+ T cells, T helper cells, and Tcm cells. In conclusion, our study constructed an atlas of the immune microenvironment of LCH bone metastasis. Genes including LAG3, TSPAN5, LPAR5, VEGFA, CXCL16, CD74, and MARCKS may be involved in the development of LCH bone metastasis. The hub gene-immune cell interactive map may be a potential prognostic biomarker for the progression of LCH bone metastasis and synergetic targets for immunotherapy in LCH patients.
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6
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Kvedaraite E, Milne P, Khalilnezhad A, Chevrier M, Sethi R, Lee HK, Hagey DW, von Bahr Greenwood T, Mouratidou N, Jädersten M, Lee NYS, Minnerup L, Yingrou T, Dutertre CA, Benac N, Hwang YY, Lum J, Loh AHP, Jansson J, Teng KWW, Khalilnezhad S, Weili X, Resteu A, Liang TH, Guan NL, Larbi A, Howland SW, Arnell H, Andaloussi SEL, Braier J, Rassidakis G, Galluzzo L, Dzionek A, Henter JI, Chen J, Collin M, Ginhoux F. Notch-dependent cooperativity between myeloid lineages promotes Langerhans cell histiocytosis pathology. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eadd3330. [PMID: 36525505 PMCID: PMC7614120 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.add3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a potentially fatal neoplasm characterized by the aberrant differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes, driven by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation. LCH cells may trigger destructive pathology yet remain in a precarious state finely balanced between apoptosis and survival, supported by a unique inflammatory milieu. The interactions that maintain this state are not well known and may offer targets for intervention. Here, we used single-cell RNA-seq and protein analysis to dissect LCH lesions, assessing LCH cell heterogeneity and comparing LCH cells with normal mononuclear phagocytes within lesions. We found LCH discriminatory signatures pointing to senescence and escape from tumor immune surveillance. We also uncovered two major lineages of LCH with DC2- and DC3/monocyte-like phenotypes and validated them in multiple pathological tissue sites by high-content imaging. Receptor-ligand analyses and lineage tracing in vitro revealed Notch-dependent cooperativity between DC2 and DC3/monocyte lineages during expression of the pathognomonic LCH program. Our results present a convergent dual origin model of LCH with MAPK pathway activation occurring before fate commitment to DC2 and DC3/monocyte lineages and Notch-dependent cooperativity between lineages driving the development of LCH cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Kvedaraite
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Karolinska University Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Milne
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Ahad Khalilnezhad
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marion Chevrier
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Raman Sethi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Kai Lee
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Daniel W. Hagey
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tatiana von Bahr Greenwood
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgrens Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Natalia Mouratidou
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Jädersten
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Yee Shin Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lara Minnerup
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Tan Yingrou
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
- National Skin Center, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
| | - Charles-Antoine Dutertre
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathan Benac
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université de Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - You Yi Hwang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Josephine Lum
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jessica Jansson
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karen Wei Weng Teng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shabnam Khalilnezhad
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xu Weili
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anastasia Resteu
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Tey Hong Liang
- National Skin Centre, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Ng Lai Guan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shanshan Wu Howland
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henrik Arnell
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Karolinska University Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samir EL Andaloussi
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jorge Braier
- Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Dr Prof JP Garrahan, Pathology Department, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Georgios Rassidakis
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Karolinska University Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura Galluzzo
- Hospital Nacional de Pediatría Dr Prof JP Garrahan, Pathology Department, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Jan-Inge Henter
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgrens Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
- Immunology Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Narional Unietsoty of Sinapore (NUS)
| | - Matthew Collin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), BIOPOLIS, Singapore, Singapore
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Gao XM, Li J, Cao XX. Signaling pathways, microenvironment, and targeted treatments in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:195. [PMID: 36536400 PMCID: PMC9764551 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00917-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory myeloid malignancy in the "L-group" histiocytosis. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activating mutations are detectable in nearly all LCH lesions. However, the pathogenic roles of MAPK pathway activation in the development of histiocytosis are still elusive. This review will summarize research concerning the landscape and pathogenic roles of MAPK pathway mutations and related treatment opportunities in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-min Gao
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-xin Cao
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of Hematology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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8
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Wang D, Dai J, Suo C, Wang S, Zhang Y, Chen X. Molecular subtyping of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by large-scale transcriptional profiling: Characterization, therapeutic targets, and prognostic value. Front Genet 2022; 13:1033214. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1033214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor heterogeneity of the transcriptional profiles is independent of genetic variation. Several studies have successfully identified esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) subtypes based on the somatic mutation profile and copy number variations on the genome. However, transcriptome-based classification is limited. In this study, we classified 141 patients with ESCC into three subtypes (Subtype 1, Subtype 2, and Subtype 3) via tumor sample gene expression profiling. Differential gene expression (DGE) analysis of paired tumor and normal samples for each subtype revealed significant difference among subtypes. Moreover, the degree of change in the expression levels of most genes gradually increased from Subtype 1 to Subtype 3. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified the representative pathways in each subtype: Subtype 1, abnormal Wnt signaling pathway activation; Subtype 2, inhibition of glycogen metabolism; and Subtype 3, downregulation of neutrophil degranulation process. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to elucidate the finer regulation of biological pathways and discover hub genes. Subsequently, nine hub genes (CORO1A, CD180, SASH3, CD52, CD300A, CD14, DUSP1, KIF14, and MCM2) were validated to be associated with survival in ESCC based on the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The clustering analysis of ESCC granted better understanding of the molecular characteristics of ESCC and led to the discover of new potential therapeutic targets that may contribute to the clinical treatment of ESCC.
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9
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Clinicogenomic associations in childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis: an international cohort study. Blood Adv 2022; 7:664-679. [PMID: 36083130 PMCID: PMC9979766 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare neoplastic disorder caused by somatic genetic alterations in hematopoietic precursor cells differentiating into CD1a+/CD207+ histiocytes. LCH clinical manifestation is highly heterogeneous. BRAF and MAP2K1 mutations account for ∼80% of genetic driver alterations in neoplastic LCH cells. However, their clinical associations remain incompletely understood. Here, we present an international clinicogenomic study of childhood LCH, investigating 377 patients genotyped for at least BRAFV600E. MAPK pathway gene alterations were detected in 300 (79.6%) patients, including 191 (50.7%) with BRAFV600E, 54 with MAP2K1 mutations, 39 with BRAF exon 12 mutations, 13 with rare BRAF alterations, and 3 with ARAF or KRAS mutations. Our results confirm that BRAFV600E associates with lower age at diagnosis and higher prevalence of multisystem LCH, high-risk disease, and skin involvement. Furthermore, BRAFV600E appeared to correlate with a higher prevalence of central nervous system (CNS)-risk bone lesions. In contrast, MAP2K1 mutations associated with a higher prevalence of single-system (SS)-bone LCH, and BRAF exon 12 deletions seemed to correlate with more lung involvement. Although BRAFV600E correlated with reduced event-free survival in the overall cohort, neither BRAF nor MAP2K1 mutations associated with event-free survival when patients were stratified by disease extent. Thus, the correlation of BRAFV600E with inferior clinical outcome is (primarily) driven by its association with disease extents known for high rates of progression or relapse, including multisystem LCH. These findings advance our understanding of factors underlying the remarkable clinical heterogeneity of LCH but also question the independent prognostic value of lesional BRAFV600E status.
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10
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Olexen CM, Rosso DA, Nowak W, Fortunati D, Errasti AE, Carrera Silva EA. Monitoring Circulating CD207 +CD1a + Cells in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Clinical Implications. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:270-279. [PMID: 35768149 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a disorder characterized by an abnormal accumulation of CD207+ and CD1a+ cells in almost any tissue. Currently, there is a lack of prognostic markers to follow up patients and track disease reactivation or treatment response. Putative myeloid precursors CD207+ and CD1a+ cells were previously identified circulating in the blood. Therefore, we aim to develop a sensitive tracing method to monitor circulating CD207+ and CD1a+ cells in a drop of blood sample of patients with LCH. A total of 202 blood samples from patients with LCH and 23 controls were tested using flow cytometry. A standardized cellular score was defined by quantifying CD207+ and CD1a+ expression in monocytes and dendritic cells, based on CD11b, CD14, CD11c, and CD1c subpopulations, resulting in a unique value for each sample. The scoring system was validated by a receiver operating characteristic curve showing a reliable discriminatory capacity (area under the curve of 0.849) with a threshold value of 14, defining the presence of circulating CD207+ and CD1a+ cells. Interestingly, a fraction of patients with no evident clinical manifestation at the time of sampling also showed presence of these cells (29.6%). We also found a differential expression of CD207 and CD1a depending on the organ involvement, and a positive correlation between the cellular score and plasma inflammatory markers such as soluble CD40L, soluble IL-2Ra, and CXCL12. In conclusion, the analysis of circulating CD207 and CD1a cells in a small blood sample will allow setting a cellular score with minimal invasiveness, helping with prognostic accuracy, detecting early reactivation, and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Mariel Olexen
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Academia Nacional de Medicina-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Alfredo Rosso
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
- Hospital de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
- Hospital de Clínicas General San Martin, Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Wanda Nowak
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela Fortunati
- Hospital de Clínicas General San Martin, Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Emilse Errasti
- Instituto de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Eugenio Antonio Carrera Silva
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Academia Nacional de Medicina-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas de Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
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11
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Theocharidis G, Tekkela S, Veves A, McGrath JA, Onoufriadis A. Single-cell transcriptomics in human skin research: available technologies, technical considerations, and disease applications. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:655-673. [PMID: 35196402 PMCID: PMC9311140 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Single‐cell technologies have revolutionized research in the last decade, including for skin biology. Single‐cell RNA sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool allowing the dissection of human disease pathophysiology at unprecedented resolution by assessing cell‐to‐cell variation, facilitating identification of rare cell populations and elucidating cellular heterogeneity. In dermatology, this technology has been widely applied to inflammatory skin disorders, fibrotic skin diseases, wound healing complications and cutaneous neoplasms. Here, we discuss the available technologies and technical considerations of single‐cell RNA sequencing and describe its applications to a broad spectrum of dermatological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Theocharidis
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stavroula Tekkela
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Joslin-Beth Israel Deaconess Foot Center and The Rongxiang Xu, MD, Center for Regenerative Therapeutics, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
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12
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Åkefeldt SO, Ismail MB, Belot A, Salvatore G, Bissay N, Gavhed D, Aricò M, Henter JI, Valentin H, Delprat C. Neutralizing Anti-IL-17A Antibody Demonstrates Preclinical Activity Enhanced by Vinblastine in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Front Oncol 2022; 11:780191. [PMID: 35127485 PMCID: PMC8814633 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.780191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory myeloid neoplasm characterised by the accumulation into granulomas of apoptosis-resistant pathological dendritic cells (LCH-DCs). LCH outcome ranges from self-resolving to fatal. Having previously shown that, (i) monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs) from LCH patients differentiate into abnormal and pro-inflammatory IL-17A-producing DCs, and (ii) recombinant IL-17A induces survival and chemoresistance of healthy Mo-DCs, we investigated the link between IL-17A and resistance to apoptosis of LCH-DCs. In LCH granulomas, we uncovered the strong expression of BCL2A1 (alias BFL1), an anti-apoptotic BCL2 family member. In vitro, intracellular IL-17A expression was correlated with BCL2A1 expression and survival of Mo-DCs from LCH patients. Based on the chemotherapeutic drugs routinely used as first or second line LCH therapy, we treated these cells with vinblastine, or cytarabine and cladribine. Our preclinical results indicate that high doses of these drugs decreased the expression of Mcl-1, the main anti-apoptotic BCL2 family member for myeloid cells, and killed Mo-DCs from LCH patients ex vivo, without affecting BCL2A1 expression. Conversely, neutralizing anti-IL-17A antibodies decreased BCL2A1 expression, the downregulation of which lowered the survival rate of Mo-DCs from LCH patients. Interestingly, the in vitro combination of low-dose vinblastine with neutralizing anti-IL-17A antibodies killed Mo-DCs from LCH patients. In conclusion, we show that BCL2A1 expression induced by IL-17A links the inflammatory environment to the unusual pro-survival gene activation in LCH-DCs. Finally, these preclinical data support that targeting both Mcl-1 and BCL2A1 with low-dose vinblastine and anti-IL-17A biotherapy may represent a synergistic combination for managing recurrent or severe forms of LCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Olsson Åkefeldt
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,UnivLyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Mohamad Bachar Ismail
- UnivLyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire Microbiologie Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon.,Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Alexandre Belot
- UnivLyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Pediatric Nephrology, Rheumatology, Dermatology Unit, HFME, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Giulia Salvatore
- UnivLyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,Radiotherapy Unit, Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Nathalie Bissay
- UnivLyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,Unité de recherche "Lymphoma Immuno-Biology", Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France
| | - Désirée Gavhed
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jan-Inge Henter
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hélène Valentin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL) - INSERM U1052 - CNRS UMR5286 - Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Christine Delprat
- UnivLyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL) - INSERM U1052 - CNRS UMR5286 - Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
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13
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Ding J, Sharon N, Bar-Joseph Z. Temporal modelling using single-cell transcriptomics. Nat Rev Genet 2022; 23:355-368. [PMID: 35102309 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-021-00444-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Methods for profiling genes at the single-cell level have revolutionized our ability to study several biological processes and systems including development, differentiation, response programmes and disease progression. In many of these studies, cells are profiled over time in order to infer dynamic changes in cell states and types, sets of expressed genes, active pathways and key regulators. However, time-series single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) also raises several new analysis and modelling issues. These issues range from determining when and how deep to profile cells, linking cells within and between time points, learning continuous trajectories, and integrating bulk and single-cell data for reconstructing models of dynamic networks. In this Review, we discuss several approaches for the analysis and modelling of time-series scRNA-seq, highlighting their steps, key assumptions, and the types of data and biological questions they are most appropriate for.
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14
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Estimation of tumor cell total mRNA expression in 15 cancer types predicts disease progression. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:1624-1633. [PMID: 35697807 PMCID: PMC9646498 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01342-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing studies have suggested that total mRNA content correlates with tumor phenotypes. Technical and analytical challenges, however, have so far impeded at-scale pan-cancer examination of total mRNA content. Here we present a method to quantify tumor-specific total mRNA expression (TmS) from bulk sequencing data, taking into account tumor transcript proportion, purity and ploidy, which are estimated through transcriptomic/genomic deconvolution. We estimate and validate TmS in 6,590 patient tumors across 15 cancer types, identifying significant inter-tumor variability. Across cancers, high TmS is associated with increased risk of disease progression and death. TmS is influenced by cancer-specific patterns of gene alteration and intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity as well as by pan-cancer trends in metabolic dysregulation. Taken together, our results indicate that measuring cell-type-specific total mRNA expression in tumor cells predicts tumor phenotypes and clinical outcomes.
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15
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Single-cell RNA-seq highlights a specific carcinoembryonic cluster in ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1082. [PMID: 34775482 PMCID: PMC8590695 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Expounding the heterogeneity for ovarian cancer (OC) with the cognition in developmental biology might be helpful to search for robust prognostic markers and effective treatments. In the present study, we employed single-cell RNA-seq with ovarian cancers, normal ovary, and embryo tissue to explore their heterogeneity. Then the differentiation process of clusters was explored; the pivotal cluster and markers were identified. Furthermore, the consensus clustering algorithm was used to explore the different clinical phenotypes in OC. At last, a prognostic model was construct and used to assess the prognosis for OCs. As a result, eight diverse clusters were identified, and the similarity existed in some clusters between embryo and tumours based on their gene expression. Meaningfully, a subtype of malignant epithelial cluster, PEG10+ EME, was associated with poor survival and was an intermediate stage of embryo to tumour. PEG10 was a CSC marker and might influence CSC self-renewal and promote cisplatin resistance via NOTCH pathway. Utilising specific gene profiles of PEG10+ EME based on public data sets, four phenotypes with different survival and clinical response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy were identified. These insights allowed for the investigation of single-cell transcriptome of OCs and embryo, which advanced our current understanding of OC pathogenesis and resulted in promising therapeutic strategies.
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16
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Li J, Yu N, Li X, Cui M, Guo Q. The Single-Cell Sequencing: A Dazzling Light Shining on the Dark Corner of Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:759894. [PMID: 34745998 PMCID: PMC8566994 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.759894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis refers to the process of clonal dysplasia that occurs due to the collapse of normal growth regulation in cells caused by the action of various carcinogenic factors. These “successful” tumor cells pass on the genetic templates to their generations in evolutionary terms, but they also constantly adapt to ever-changing host environments. A unique peculiarity known as intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) is extensively involved in tumor development, metastasis, chemoresistance, and immune escape. An understanding of ITH is urgently required to identify the diversity and complexity of the tumor microenvironment (TME), but achieving this understanding has been a challenge. Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is a powerful tool that can gauge the distribution of genomic sequences in a single cell and the genetic variability among tumor cells, which can improve the understanding of ITH. SCS provides fundamental ideas about existing diversity in specific TMEs, thus improving cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction, as well as improving the monitoring of therapeutic response. Herein, we will discuss advances in SCS and review SCS application in tumors based on current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengna Cui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qie Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Mitchell J, Kannourakis G. Langerhans cell histiocytosis: A malignant myeloid neoplasm or disorder of immune regulation? Acta Paediatr 2021; 110:2888-2891. [PMID: 34146441 PMCID: PMC8596980 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jenee Mitchell
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute Ballarat Vic. Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute Ballarat Vic. Australia
- Federation University Ballarat Vic. Australia
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18
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BRAF V600E vs cell of origin: what governs LCH? Blood 2021; 138:1203-1204. [PMID: 34618000 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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19
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McClain KL, Bigenwald C, Collin M, Haroche J, Marsh RA, Merad M, Picarsic J, Ribeiro KB, Allen CE. Histiocytic disorders. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021; 7:73. [PMID: 34620874 PMCID: PMC10031765 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The historic term 'histiocytosis' meaning 'tissue cell' is used as a unifying concept for diseases characterized by pathogenic myeloid cells that share histological features with macrophages or dendritic cells. These cells may arise from the embryonic yolk sac, fetal liver or postnatal bone marrow. Prior classification schemes align disease designation with terminal phenotype: for example, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) shares CD207+ antigen with physiological epidermal Langerhans cells. LCH, Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD), juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) and Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) are all characterized by pathological ERK activation driven by activating somatic mutations in MAPK pathway genes. The title of this Primer (Histiocytic disorders) was chosen to differentiate the above diseases from Langerhans cell sarcoma and malignant histiocytosis, which are hyperproliferative lesions typical of cancer. By comparison LCH, ECD, RDD and JXG share some features of malignant cells including activating MAPK pathway mutations, but are not hyperproliferative. 'Inflammatory myeloproliferative neoplasm' may be a more precise nomenclature. By contrast, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is associated with macrophage activation and extreme inflammation, and represents a syndrome of immune dysregulation. These diseases affect children and adults in varying proportions depending on which of the entities is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth L McClain
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Paediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Camille Bigenwald
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Collin
- Human Dendritic Cell Lab, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julien Haroche
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut E3M French Reference Centre for Histiocytosis, Pitié-Salpȇtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Rebecca A Marsh
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Picarsic
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Karina B Ribeiro
- Faculdade de Ciȇncias Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Department of Collective Health, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carl E Allen
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Paediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Vemurafenib acts as molecular on-off switch governing systemic inflammation in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Blood Adv 2021; 6:970-975. [PMID: 34619771 PMCID: PMC8945316 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a neoplasm marked by the accumulation of CD1A+CD207+ cells. It is most commonly driven by a somatic, activating mutation in the BRAF serine-threonine kinase (BRAFV600E). Multisystem disease with risk-organ involvement requires myelotoxic chemotherapy, making BRAF-inhibitors an attractive treatment option. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the course of an LCH patient treated with the combination of vemurafenib and salvage chemotherapy who achieved sustained clinical and molecular remission. We show that there is no relationship between peripheral bloodBRAFV600E levels and clinical presentation during treatment with vemurafenib, but that vemurafenib leads to a fast, efficient, but reversible inhibition of clinical manifestations of systemic inflammation. In line, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines exactly mirror vemurafenib administration. Genotyping analysis identified the BRAFV600E mutation in multiple hematopoietic cell types, including NK cells and granulocytes. Single-cell transcriptome analyses of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells at time of diagnosis and during treatment indicate that RAF-inhibition abrogates the expression of inflammatory cytokines previously implicated in LCH such as IL1B and CXCL8. Together, our data suggest that while the CD1A+CD207+histiocytes are the hallmark of LCH, other BRAF-mutated cell populations may contribute significantly to morbidity in patients with multisystem LCH.
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21
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Mitogen-activating protein kinase pathway alterations in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Curr Opin Oncol 2021; 33:101-109. [PMID: 33315630 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterized by the infiltration of involved tissues by specialized dendritic cells. The demonstration of the constant activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in LCH lesions has been a breakthrough in the understanding of the pathogenesis of this rare disease. We will summarize the current knowledge on MAPK alterations in LCH and the new therapeutic options indicated by these findings. RECENT FINDINGS Since the description of the B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF)V600E mutation in LCH lesions, several other molecular alterations affecting the MAPK pathway have been identified in most cases. Based on these driver alterations, LCH cells were shown to be derived from hematopoietic precursors, which yielded the current concept of LCH as a myeloid inflammatory neoplasia. MAPK pathway inhibitors have emerged as an innovative therapy in severe forms of LCH, resulting in virtually no acquired resistance. However, although they are highly effective, their effect is only temporary, as the disease relapses upon discontinuation of the treatment. SUMMARY LCH is an inflammatory myeloid neoplastic disorder, driven by mutations activating the MAPK pathway. MAPK-targeted treatments represent an important stepforward in the management of patients with severe progressive LCH.
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Emile JF, Cohen-Aubart F, Collin M, Fraitag S, Idbaih A, Abdel-Wahab O, Rollins BJ, Donadieu J, Haroche J. Histiocytosis. Lancet 2021; 398:157-170. [PMID: 33901419 PMCID: PMC9364113 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Histiocytoses constitute a heterogeneous group of rare disorders, characterised by infiltration of almost any organ by myeloid cells with diverse macrophage or dendritic cell phenotypes. Histiocytoses can start at any age. Diagnosis is based on histology in combination with appropriate clinical and radiological findings. The low incidence and broad spectrum of clinical manifestations often leads to diagnostic delay, especially for adults. In most cases, biopsy specimens infiltrated by histiocytes have somatic mutations in genes activating the MAP kinase cell-signalling pathway. These mutations might also be present in blood cells and haematopoietic progenitors of patients with multisystem disease. A comprehensive range of investigations and molecular typing are essential to accurately predict prognosis, which can vary from spontaneous resolution to life-threatening disseminated disease. Targeted therapies with BRAF or MEK inhibitors have revolutionised salvage treatment. However, the type and duration of treatment are still debated, and the prevention of neurological sequelae remains a crucial issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Emile
- EA4340 BECCOH, Université de Versailles SQY, Service de Pathologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne, France.
| | - Fleur Cohen-Aubart
- Internal Medicine Department 2, French National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Diseases and Histiocytoses, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Matthew Collin
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sylvie Fraitag
- Pathology Department, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- UMR S 1127, CNRS/Inserm, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, AP-HP and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barrett J Rollins
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jean Donadieu
- EA4340 BECCOH, Université de Versailles SQY, Service de Pathologie, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne, France; Service d'Hématologie Oncologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Histiocytoses, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Julien Haroche
- Internal Medicine Department 2, French National Referral Center for Rare Systemic Diseases and Histiocytoses, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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23
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Carrere X, Pinto N, Gene Olaciregui N, Galluzzo L, Rossetti E, Celis Passini V, Salvador Marcos N, Chantada G, Braier J, Lavarino C, Felizzia G. High prevalence of BRAF V600E in patients with cholestasis, sclerosing cholangitis or liver fibrosis secondary to Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e29115. [PMID: 33991404 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapies with MAPK inhibitors have proven to modulate the clinical manifestations of patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). We explored the presence of BRAFV600E mutation in our cohort of patients with LCH and cholestasis, sclerosing cholangitis, or liver fibrosis that presented resistance to chemotherapy. The BRAFV600E mutation was detected either in the diagnosis (skin and bone) or liver biopsy in our cohort of 13 patients. Thus, we observed a high incidence of BRAFV600E mutation in 100% either in diagnostic biopsy (skin and bone) or liver biopsy in patients with progressive liver disease, sequela, or liver transplant requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiomara Carrere
- Pathology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Pinto
- Precision Medicine Coordination, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Laura Galluzzo
- Pathology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Estefania Rossetti
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Guillermo Chantada
- Precision Medicine Coordination, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Oncology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Braier
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cinzia Lavarino
- Oncology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guido Felizzia
- Hematology/Oncology Department, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC Prof Dr Juan P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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24
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Transcriptomic Landscape of Circulating Mononuclear Phagocytes in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis at Single-cell Level. Blood 2021; 138:1237-1248. [PMID: 34132762 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory myeloid neoplasm caused by aberrant activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Circulating myeloid cells from patients often carry disease-associated mutations and can be differentiated into langerinhigh LCH-like cells in vitro, but their detailed immune-phenotypic and molecular profiles are lacking and could shed key insights into disease biology. Here we recruited 217 pediatric LCH patients and took blood and tissue samples for BRAFV600E analysis. Immune-phenotyping of the circulating Lin-HLA-DR+ immune population in 49 of these patients revealed that decreased frequency of pDC was significantly linked to disease severity. By single-cell RNA sequencing of samples from 14 patients, we identified key changes in expression of RAS-MAPK-ERK signaling-related genes and transcription factors in distinct members of the mononuclear phagocyte system in the presence of BRAFV600E. Moreover, treatment of patients with the BRAF inhibitor Dabrafenib resulted in MAPK cascade inhibition, inflammation prevention, and regulation of cellular metabolism within mononuclear phagocytes. Finally, we also observed elevated expression of RAS-MAPK-ERK signaling-related genes in a CD207+CD1a+ cell subcluster in skin. Taken together, our data extends the molecular understanding of LCH biology at single-cell resolution, which might contribute to improvement of clinical diagnostics and therapeutics, and aid in the development of personalized medicine approaches.
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25
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Zou D, Qi J, Wu W, Xu D, Tu Y, Liu T, Zhang J, Li X, Lu F, He L. Applications of Single-Cell Sequencing in Dermatology. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e931862. [PMID: 34011922 PMCID: PMC8147034 DOI: 10.12659/msm.931862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is a promising new technique used to assess the genomics, transcriptomics, epigenetics, and other multi-omics at the single-cell level. In addition to elucidating the immune microenvironment and revealing the pathomechanisms of disease and drug resistance, SCS can profile the actual state of an individual cell and identify a novel cell type and differentiation trajectories, which cannot be achieved by bulk tissue sequencing technique. SCS technique serves as powerful tools to explore more meaningful biomarkers of diagnosis, prognosis, and new therapeutic targets in clinical practice. The SCS technique has been widely applied in the field of dermatology. In this review, we summarize the advances of SCS in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zou
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Jue Qi
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Tu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Tongyun Liu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Dermatology, People's Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Fengyan Lu
- Qujing Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Qujing, Qujing, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
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26
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Teschendorff AE, Feinberg AP. Statistical mechanics meets single-cell biology. Nat Rev Genet 2021; 22:459-476. [PMID: 33875884 PMCID: PMC10152720 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-021-00341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell omics is transforming our understanding of cell biology and disease, yet the systems-level analysis and interpretation of single-cell data faces many challenges. In this Perspective, we describe the impact that fundamental concepts from statistical mechanics, notably entropy, stochastic processes and critical phenomena, are having on single-cell data analysis. We further advocate the need for more bottom-up modelling of single-cell data and to embrace a statistical mechanics analysis paradigm to help attain a deeper understanding of single-cell systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Teschendorff
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. .,UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Andrew P Feinberg
- Center for Epigenetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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27
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Coexisting BRAF-Mutated Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Primary Myelofibrosis with Shared JAK2 Mutation. Case Rep Hematol 2021; 2021:6623706. [PMID: 33953993 PMCID: PMC8068553 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6623706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an infrequent disease, characterized by oligoclonal proliferation of immature myeloid-derived cells. However, the exact pathogenesis remains unknown. In rare cases, LCH is present in patients with concomitant myeloid proliferative neoplasms. Here, we describe a 69-year-old male, who presented with a maculopapular rash covering truncus, face, and scalp. A cutaneous ulcerating lesion on the right cheek led to a biopsy showing LCH. Lesional cells were BRAF V600E and JAK2 V617F mutated. A bone marrow aspirate showed no infiltration of Langerhans cells, but alterations consistent with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and a polymerase chain reaction test were positive for JAK2 V617F. Our case highlights an uncommon condition of two hematological malignancies present in the same patient. The identification of the BRAF V600E mutation supports previous findings of this mutation in LCH. Interestingly, a JAK2 V617F mutation was found in both LCH and PMF cells, indicating a possible clonal relationship between the two malignancies.
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28
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Sengal A, Velazquez J, Hahne M, Burke TM, Abhyankar H, Reyes R, Olea W, Scull B, Eckstein OS, Bigenwald C, Bollard CM, Yu W, Merad M, McClain KL, Allen CE, Chakraborty R. Overcoming T-cell exhaustion in LCH: PD-1 blockade and targeted MAPK inhibition are synergistic in a mouse model of LCH. Blood 2021; 137:1777-1791. [PMID: 33075814 PMCID: PMC8020265 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory myeloid neoplasia characterized by granulomatous lesions containing pathological CD207+ dendritic cells (DCs) with persistent MAPK pathway activation. Standard-of-care chemotherapies are inadequate for most patients with multisystem disease, and optimal strategies for relapsed and refractory disease are not defined. The mechanisms underlying development of inflammation in LCH lesions, the role of inflammation in pathogenesis, and the potential for immunotherapy are unknown. Analysis of the immune infiltrate in LCH lesions identified the most prominent immune cells as T lymphocytes. Both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells exhibited "exhausted" phenotypes with high expression of the immune checkpoint receptors. LCH DCs showed robust expression of ligands to checkpoint receptors. Intralesional CD8+ T cells showed blunted expression of Tc1/Tc2 cytokines and impaired effector function. In contrast, intralesional regulatory T cells demonstrated intact suppressive activity. Treatment of BRAFV600ECD11c LCH mice with anti-PD-1 or MAPK inhibitor reduced lesion size, but with distinct responses. Whereas MAPK inhibitor treatment resulted in reduction of the myeloid compartment, anti-PD-1 treatment was associated with reduction in the lymphoid compartment. Notably, combined treatment with MAPK inhibitor and anti-PD-1 significantly decreased both CD8+ T cells and myeloid LCH cells in a synergistic fashion. These results are consistent with a model that MAPK hyperactivation in myeloid LCH cells drives recruitment of functionally exhausted T cells within the LCH microenvironment, and they highlight combined MAPK and checkpoint inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Sengal
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Jessica Velazquez
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Meryl Hahne
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Thomas M Burke
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Harshal Abhyankar
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Robert Reyes
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Walter Olea
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Brooks Scull
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Olive S Eckstein
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Camille Bigenwald
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, and
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
- Department of Pediatrics and
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC; and
| | - Wendong Yu
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, and
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Kenneth L McClain
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Carl E Allen
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
- Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Rikhia Chakraborty
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and
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29
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Kvedaraite E, Lourda M, Han H, Tesi B, Mitchell J, Ideström M, Mouratidou N, Rassidakis G, Bahr Greenwood T, Cohen‐Aubart F, Jädersten M, Åkefeldt SO, Svensson M, Kannourakis G, Bryceson YT, Haroche J, Henter J. Patients with both Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Crohn's disease highlight a common role of interleukin-23. Acta Paediatr 2021; 110:1315-1321. [PMID: 32975844 PMCID: PMC7984331 DOI: 10.1111/apa.15590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim To present the first case series of patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) also affected by Crohn's disease (CD), both of which are granulomatous diseases, and in LCH investigate the role of interleukin (IL)‐23, which is a well‐described disease mediator in CD. Methods A case series of three patients with LCH and CD were described; a cohort of LCH patients (n = 55) as well as controls (n = 55) were analysed for circulating IL‐23 levels; and the relation between the percentage of LCH cells in lesions and circulating IL‐23 levels was analysed in seven LCH patients. Results Differential diagnostic challenges for these two granulomatous diseases were highlighted in the case series, and it took up to 3 years to diagnose CD. Elevated IL‐23 levels were found in LCH patients. The amount of lesional LCH cells correlated with the levels of circulating IL‐23. Conclusion Both CD and LCH should be considered in patients with inflammatory gastrointestinal involvement. The IL‐23 pathway is a common immunological trait between these two granulomatous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Kvedaraite
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Center for Infectious Medicine Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Magda Lourda
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Center for Infectious Medicine Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - HongYa Han
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Bianca Tesi
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics Karolinska University Laboratory Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Jenée Mitchell
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute and Federation University Australia Ballarat Vic. Australia
| | - Maja Ideström
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Natalia Mouratidou
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - George Rassidakis
- Department of Oncology‐Pathology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tatiana Bahr Greenwood
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Fleur Cohen‐Aubart
- Institut E3M Centre National de Référence des Histiocytoses Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Martin Jädersten
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Hematology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Selma Olsson Åkefeldt
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mattias Svensson
- Center for Infectious Medicine Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute and Federation University Australia Ballarat Vic. Australia
| | - Yenan T. Bryceson
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine Department of Medicine Huddinge Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Julien Haroche
- Institut E3M Centre National de Référence des Histiocytoses Hôpital Pitié‐Salpêtrière Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Jan‐Inge Henter
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
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30
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Bone marrow-derived myeloid progenitors as driver mutation carriers in high- and low-risk Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Blood 2021; 136:2188-2199. [PMID: 32750121 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a myeloid neoplasia, driven by sporadic activating mutations in the MAPK pathway. The misguided myeloid dendritic cell (DC) model proposes that high-risk, multisystem, risk-organ-positive (MS-RO+) LCH results from driver mutation in a bone marrow (BM)-resident multipotent hematopoietic progenitor, while low-risk, MS-RO- and single-system LCH would result from driver mutation in a circulating or tissue-resident, DC-committed precursor. We have examined the CD34+c-Kit+Flt3+ myeloid progenitor population as potential mutation carrier in all LCH disease manifestations. This population contains oligopotent progenitors of monocytes (Mo's)/macrophages (MΦs), osteoclasts (OCs), and DCs. CD34+c-Kit+Flt3+ cells from BM of MS-RO+ LCH patients produced Langerhans cell (LC)-like cells in vitro. Both LC-like and DC offspring from this progenitor carried the BRAF mutation, confirming their common origin. In both high- and low-risk LCH patients, CD34+c-Kit+Flt3+ progenitor frequency in blood was higher than in healthy donors. In one MS-RO+ LCH patient, CD34+c-Kit+Flt3+ cell frequency in blood and its BRAF-mutated offspring reported response to chemotherapy. CD34+c-Kit+Flt3+ progenitors from blood of both high- and low-risk LCH patients gave rise to DCs and LC-like cells in vitro, but the driver mutation was not easily detectable, likely due to low frequency of mutated progenitors. Mutant BRAF alleles were found in Mo's /MΦs, DCs, LC-like cells, and/or OC-like cells in lesions and/or Mo and DCs in blood of multiple low-risk patients. We therefore hypothesize that in both high- and low-risk LCH, the driver mutation is present in a BM-resident myeloid progenitor that can be mobilized to the blood.
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31
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Radzikowska E. Update on Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:582581. [PMID: 33763431 PMCID: PMC7982411 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.582581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary Langerhans cell (LC) histiocytosis (PLCH) has unknown cause and is a rare neoplastic disorder characterized by the infiltration of lungs and various organs by bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells with an accompanying strong inflammatory response. These cells carry somatic mutations of BRAF gene and/or NRAS, KRAS, and MAP2K1 genes, which cause activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway. PLCH occurs predominantly in young smokers, without gender predominance. Lungs might be involved as an isolated organ or as part of a multiorgan disease. High-resolution computed chest tomography plays an outstanding role in PLCH diagnosis. The typical radiological picture of PLCH is the presence of small intralobular nodules, “tree in bud” opacities, cavitated nodules, and thin- and thick-walled cysts, frequently confluent. Histological examination of the lesion and demonstration of characteristic eosinophilic granulomas with the presence of LCs that display antigen CD1a or CD207 in immunohistochemistry are required for definite diagnosis. Smoking cessation is the most important recommendation for PLCH patients, but treatment of progressive PLCH and multisystem disease is based on chemotherapy. Recently, new targeted therapies have been implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Radzikowska
- III Department of Lung Diseases and Oncology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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32
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Minnoye L, Marinov GK, Krausgruber T, Pan L, Marand AP, Secchia S, Greenleaf WJ, Furlong EEM, Zhao K, Schmitz RJ, Bock C, Aerts S. Chromatin accessibility profiling methods. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2021; 1:10. [PMID: 38410680 PMCID: PMC10895463 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-020-00008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chromatin accessibility, or the physical access to chromatinized DNA, is a widely studied characteristic of the eukaryotic genome. As active regulatory DNA elements are generally 'accessible', the genome-wide profiling of chromatin accessibility can be used to identify candidate regulatory genomic regions in a tissue or cell type. Multiple biochemical methods have been developed to profile chromatin accessibility, both in bulk and at the single-cell level. Depending on the method, enzymatic cleavage, transposition or DNA methyltransferases are used, followed by high-throughput sequencing, providing a view of genome-wide chromatin accessibility. In this Primer, we discuss these biochemical methods, as well as bioinformatics tools for analysing and interpreting the generated data, and insights into the key regulators underlying developmental, evolutionary and disease processes. We outline standards for data quality, reproducibility and deposition used by the genomics community. Although chromatin accessibility profiling is invaluable to study gene regulation, alone it provides only a partial view of this complex process. Orthogonal assays facilitate the interpretation of accessible regions with respect to enhancer-promoter proximity, functional transcription factor binding and regulatory function. We envision that technological improvements including single-molecule, multi-omics and spatial methods will bring further insight into the secrets of genome regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth Minnoye
- Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Thomas Krausgruber
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lixia Pan
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, Systems Biology Center, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Stefano Secchia
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Eileen E M Furlong
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Keji Zhao
- Laboratory of Epigenome Biology, Systems Biology Center, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stein Aerts
- Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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33
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Fortelny N, Bock C. Knowledge-primed neural networks enable biologically interpretable deep learning on single-cell sequencing data. Genome Biol 2020; 21:190. [PMID: 32746932 PMCID: PMC7397672 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-02100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deep learning has emerged as a versatile approach for predicting complex biological phenomena. However, its utility for biological discovery has so far been limited, given that generic deep neural networks provide little insight into the biological mechanisms that underlie a successful prediction. Here we demonstrate deep learning on biological networks, where every node has a molecular equivalent, such as a protein or gene, and every edge has a mechanistic interpretation, such as a regulatory interaction along a signaling pathway. RESULTS With knowledge-primed neural networks (KPNNs), we exploit the ability of deep learning algorithms to assign meaningful weights in multi-layered networks, resulting in a widely applicable approach for interpretable deep learning. We present a learning method that enhances the interpretability of trained KPNNs by stabilizing node weights in the presence of redundancy, enhancing the quantitative interpretability of node weights, and controlling for uneven connectivity in biological networks. We validate KPNNs on simulated data with known ground truth and demonstrate their practical use and utility in five biological applications with single-cell RNA-seq data for cancer and immune cells. CONCLUSIONS We introduce KPNNs as a method that combines the predictive power of deep learning with the interpretability of biological networks. While demonstrated here on single-cell sequencing data, this method is broadly relevant to other research areas where prior domain knowledge can be represented as networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Fortelny
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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34
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Farlik‐Födinger M. ÖGDV Preisträger stellen sich vor: Der MEDA Forschungspreis der ÖGDV 2019 geht an Dr. Matthias Farlik‐Födinger. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2020; 18:926-927. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14183_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Kim D, Chung KB, Kim TG. Application of single-cell RNA sequencing on human skin: Technical evolution and challenges. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 99:74-81. [PMID: 32593488 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The bulk tissue RNA sequencing technique measures the average gene expression of potentially heterogeneous cellular subsets of human skin. However, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables both profiling of gene expression measurements at a single-cell resolution and identification of cellular heterogeneity. This recent technical advance has broadened the understanding of many aspects of skin biology, such as development, oncogenesis, and immunopathogenesis. However, due to the low number of mRNAs detectable in an individual cell and the alteration of transcriptomes during sample preparation, scRNA-seq data are often extremely noisy. Moreover, unstandardized methodologies for sample preparation, capturing, and bioinformatic analysis (e.g., batch correction or integration) hamper reliable inter-study comparisons. Nevertheless, sophisticated bioinformatic analysis and integrative omics-based approaches are making up for these limitations. Here, we discuss both the advantages and technical challenges of scRNA-seq, a promising tool opening new horizons in dermatological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyoung Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Bae Chung
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Zhu Y, Huang Y, Tan Y, Zhao W, Tian Q. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Hematological Diseases. Proteomics 2020; 20:e1900228. [PMID: 32181578 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hematological diseases, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, are characterized by high heterogeneity with diverse cellular subpopulations. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), a transformational technology, provides deep insights into cell-to-cell variation in tumor and microenvironment, allows high-resolution dissection of the pathogenic mechanisms of diseases, and affords potential clinical utilities. Recent developments in single-cell transcriptomics and associated technologies and their applications in hematological disorders for unraveling cellular subpopulations, disease pathogenesis, patient stratification, and therapeutic responses are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hematology, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yaohui Huang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hematology, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yun Tan
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Research Center for Translational, Medicine (Shanghai), 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weili Zhao
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Hematology, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qiang Tian
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,National Research Center for Translational, Medicine (Shanghai), 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
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37
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Kemps PG, Zondag TC, Steenwijk EC, Andriessen Q, Borst J, Vloemans S, Roelen DL, Voortman LM, Verdijk RM, van Noesel CJM, Cleven AHG, Hawkins C, Lang V, de Ru AH, Janssen GMC, Haasnoot GW, Franken KLMC, van Eijk R, Solleveld-Westerink N, van Wezel T, Egeler RM, Beishuizen A, van Laar JAM, Abla O, van den Bos C, van Veelen PA, van Halteren AGS. Apparent Lack of BRAF V600E Derived HLA Class I Presented Neoantigens Hampers Neoplastic Cell Targeting by CD8 + T Cells in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3045. [PMID: 31998317 PMCID: PMC6967030 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) is a neoplastic disorder of hematopoietic origin characterized by inflammatory lesions containing clonal histiocytes (LCH-cells) intermixed with various immune cells, including T cells. In 50-60% of LCH-patients, the somatic BRAF V600E driver mutation, which is common in many cancers, is detected in these LCH-cells in an otherwise quiet genomic landscape. Non-synonymous mutations like BRAF V600E can be a source of neoantigens capable of eliciting effective antitumor CD8+ T cell responses. This requires neopeptides to be stably presented by Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I molecules and sufficient numbers of CD8+ T cells at tumor sites. Here, we demonstrate substantial heterogeneity in CD8+ T cell density in n = 101 LCH-lesions, with BRAF V600E mutated lesions displaying significantly lower CD8+ T cell:CD1a+ LCH-cell ratios (p = 0.01) than BRAF wildtype lesions. Because LCH-lesional CD8+ T cell density had no significant impact on event-free survival, we investigated whether the intracellularly expressed BRAF V600E protein is degraded into neopeptides that are naturally processed and presented by cell surface HLA class I molecules. Epitope prediction tools revealed a single HLA class I binding BRAF V600E derived neopeptide (KIGDFGLATEK), which indeed displayed strong to intermediate binding capacity to HLA-A*03:01 and HLA-A*11:01 in an in vitro peptide-HLA binding assay. Mass spectrometry-based targeted peptidomics was used to investigate the presence of this neopeptide in HLA class I presented peptides isolated from several BRAF V600E expressing cell lines with various HLA genotypes. While the HLA-A*02:01 binding BRAF wildtype peptide KIGDFGLATV was traced in peptides isolated from all five cell lines expressing this HLA subtype, KIGDFGLATEK was not detected in the HLA class I peptidomes of two distinct BRAF V600E transduced cell lines with confirmed expression of HLA-A*03:01 or HLA-A*11:01. These data indicate that the in silico predicted HLA class I binding and proteasome-generated neopeptides derived from the BRAF V600E protein are not presented by HLA class I molecules. Given that the BRAF V600E mutation is highly prevalent in chemotherapy refractory LCH-patients who may qualify for immunotherapy, this study therefore questions the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in LCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Kemps
- Immunology Laboratory Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Timo C Zondag
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eline C Steenwijk
- Immunology Laboratory Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Quirine Andriessen
- Immunology Laboratory Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jelske Borst
- Immunology Laboratory Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sandra Vloemans
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Dave L Roelen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Lenard M Voortman
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Robert M Verdijk
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Carel J M van Noesel
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arjen H G Cleven
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Veronica Lang
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arnoud H de Ru
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - George M C Janssen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Geert W Haasnoot
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Kees L M C Franken
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Eijk
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Tom van Wezel
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - R Maarten Egeler
- Immunology Laboratory Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Auke Beishuizen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jan A M van Laar
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Oussama Abla
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cor van den Bos
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter A van Veelen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Astrid G S van Halteren
- Immunology Laboratory Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
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38
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Allen CE, Beverley PCL, Collin M, Diamond EL, Egeler RM, Ginhoux F, Glass C, Minkov M, Rollins BJ, van Halteren A. The coming of age of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Nat Immunol 2020; 21:1-7. [PMID: 31831887 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-019-0558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl E Allen
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter C L Beverley
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece.
- TB Research Centre, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Matthew Collin
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Eli L Diamond
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - R Maarten Egeler
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- University of Leiden, Leiden, the Netherlands
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Glass
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*Star Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Milen Minkov
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- Sigmund Freud University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Clinic Floridsdorf of the City of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barrett J Rollins
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Astrid van Halteren
- Scientific Member of the Steering Committee, Nikolas Symposia, Piraeus, Greece
- Leiden University Medical Center and Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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39
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Gruber TA. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals a Developmental Hierarchy in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Cancer Discov 2019; 9:1343-1345. [PMID: 31575563 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Halbritter and colleagues utilize single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the cellular hierarchy in Langerhans cell histiocytosis. They identified a remarkably consistent composition of 14 cellular subsets across all patients with a range of clinical spectrums consistent with a shared developmental hierarchy driven by key transcriptional regulators.See related article by Halbritter et al., p. 1406.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja A Gruber
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
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