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Romero R, Chu T, González Robles TJ, Smith P, Xie Y, Kaur H, Yoder S, Zhao H, Mao C, Kang W, Pulina MV, Lawrence KE, Gopalan A, Zaidi S, Yoo K, Choi J, Fan N, Gerstner O, Karthaus WR, DeStanchina E, Ruggles KV, Westcott PMK, Chaligné R, Pe'er D, Sawyers CL. The neuroendocrine transition in prostate cancer is dynamic and dependent on ASCL1. NATURE CANCER 2024:10.1038/s43018-024-00838-6. [PMID: 39394434 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Lineage plasticity is a hallmark of cancer progression that impacts therapy outcomes, yet the mechanisms mediating this process remain unclear. Here, we introduce a versatile in vivo platform to interrogate neuroendocrine lineage transformation throughout prostate cancer progression. Transplanted mouse prostate organoids with human-relevant driver mutations (Rb1-/-; Trp53-/-; cMyc+ or Pten-/-; Trp53-/-; cMyc+) develop adenocarcinomas, but only those with Rb1 deletion advance to aggressive, ASCL1+ neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) resistant to androgen receptor signaling inhibitors. Notably, this transition requires an in vivo microenvironment not replicated by conventional organoid culture. Using multiplexed immunofluorescence and spatial transcriptomics, we reveal that ASCL1+ cells arise from KRT8+ luminal cells, progressing into transcriptionally heterogeneous ASCL1+;KRT8- NEPC. Ascl1 loss in established NEPC causes transient regression followed by recurrence, but its deletion before transplantation abrogates lineage plasticity, resulting in castration-sensitive adenocarcinomas. This dynamic model highlights the importance of therapy timing and offers a platform to identify additional lineage plasticity drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Romero
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tinyi Chu
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tania J González Robles
- Institute of Systems Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Perianne Smith
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yubin Xie
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harmanpreet Kaur
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sara Yoder
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huiyong Zhao
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chenyi Mao
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wenfei Kang
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria V Pulina
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kayla E Lawrence
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anuradha Gopalan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samir Zaidi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kwangmin Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ning Fan
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olivia Gerstner
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wouter R Karthaus
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa DeStanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly V Ruggles
- Institute of Systems Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ronan Chaligné
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Dana Pe'er
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Charles L Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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2
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Li Y, Xie T, Wang S, Yang L, Hao X, Wang Y, Hu X, Wang L, Li J, Ying J, Xing P. Mechanism exploration and model construction for small cell transformation in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:261. [PMID: 39353908 PMCID: PMC11445518 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) transformation accounts for 3-14% of resistance in EGFR-TKI relapsed lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs), with unknown molecular mechanisms and optimal treatment strategies. We performed transcriptomic analyses (including bulk and spatial transcriptomics) and multiplex immunofluorescence on pre-treated samples from LUADs without transformation after EGFR-TKI treatment (LUAD-NT), primary SCLCs (SCLC-P) and LUADs with transformation after EGFR-TKI treatment (before transformation: LUAD-BT; after transformation: SCLC-AT). Our study found that LUAD-BT exhibited potential transcriptomic characteristics for transformation compared with LUAD-NT. We identified several pathways that shifted during transformation, and the transformation might be promoted by epigenetic alterations (such as HDAC10, HDAC1, DNMT3A) within the tumor cells instead of within the tumor microenvironment. For druggable pathways, transformed-SCLC were proved to be less dependent on EGF signaling but more relied on FGF signaling, while VEGF-VEGFR pathway remained active, indicating potential treatments after transformation. We also found transformed-SCLC showed an immuno-exhausted status which was associated with the duration of EGFR-TKI before transformation. Besides, SCLC-AT exhibited distinct molecular subtypes from SCLC-P. Moreover, we constructed an ideal 4-marker model based on transcriptomic and IHC data to predict SCLC transformation, which obtained a sensitivity of 100% and 87.5%, a specificity of 95.7% and 100% in the training and test cohorts, respectively. We provided insights into the molecular mechanisms of SCLC transformation and the differences between SCLC-AT and SCLC-P, which might shed light on prevention strategies and subsequent therapeutic strategies for SCLC transformation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tongji Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Centre of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shouzheng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Lin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xuezhi Hao
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xingsheng Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Junling Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jianming Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Puyuan Xing
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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3
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Jiang J, Han D, Wang J, Wen W, Zhang R, Qin W. Neuroendocrine transdifferentiation in human cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e761. [PMID: 39372390 PMCID: PMC11450264 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine transdifferentiation (NEtD), also commonly referred to as lineage plasticity, emerges as an acquired resistance mechanism to molecular targeted therapies in multiple cancer types, predominately occurs in metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with androgen receptor targeting therapies. NEtD tumors are the lethal cancer histologic subtype with unfavorable prognosis and limited treatment. A comprehensive understanding of molecular mechanism underlying targeted-induced plasticity could greatly facilitate the development of novel therapies. In the past few years, increasingly elegant studies indicated that NEtD tumors share key the convergent genomic and phenotypic characteristics irrespective of their site of origin, but also embrace distinct change and function of molecular mechanisms. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of molecular mechanism in regulating the NEtD, including genetic alterations, DNA methylation, histone modifications, dysregulated noncoding RNA, lineage-specific transcription factors regulation, and other proteomic alterations. We also provide the current management of targeted therapies in clinical and preclinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Department of UrologyXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of Health Service, Base of Health ServiceAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Donghui Han
- Department of UrologyXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, PLA Specialized Research Institute of Rheumatology & Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and National Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Weihong Wen
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical ResearchNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer BiologyDepartment of ImmunologyAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of UrologyXijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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4
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Redin E, Quintanal-Villalonga Á, Rudin CM. Small cell lung cancer profiling: an updated synthesis of subtypes, vulnerabilities, and plasticity. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:935-946. [PMID: 39164163 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a devastating disease with high proliferative and metastatic capacity. SCLC has been classified into molecular subtypes based on differential expression of lineage-defining transcription factors. Recent studies have proposed new subtypes that are based on both tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. SCLC demonstrates substantial intratumoral subtype heterogeneity characterized by highly plastic transcriptional states, indicating that the initially dominant subtype can shift during disease progression and in association with resistance to therapy. Strategies to promote or constrain plasticity and cell fate transitions have nominated novel targets that could prompt the development of more durably effective therapies for patients with SCLC. In this review, we describe the latest advances in SCLC subtype classification and their biological and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Redin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Álvaro Quintanal-Villalonga
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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5
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Karpinski P, Mendez-Pena JE, Wu CL, Akalin A, Cornejo KM, Hung YP, Hoang MP. POU4F3 is a Sensitive and Specific Marker of Merkel Cell Carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2024:100627. [PMID: 39341281 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Although of therapeutic importance, a single sensitive and specific immunostain to distinguish Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) from mimics is not currently available. In addition, single tumor cells are difficult to detect in sentinel lymph node biopsy. Leveraging publicly available data sets of 9264 solid tumors and over 600,000 single-cell transcriptomes, we identified POU4F3 to be a specific marker of MCC. Analyses of Pan-Cancer RNA bulk sequencing data of 24 tumor types from Tumor Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA) datasets as well as non-TCGA SCLC and MCC datasets confirmed POU4F3 specificity for MCC. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses also confirmed lack of POU4F3 expression in lung small cell carcinoma as well as a variety of normal tissues. Nuclear POU4F3 immunohistochemical expression was noted in 98.7% of 153 MCCs and in only 1.7% of mimics (3 of 180 cases, including 95 small cell carcinomas of which 55 from lung and the remainder from other sites). Three POU4F3-positive non-MCC cases were from lung (2 cases) and vagina (1 case). All 153 tested MCC cases were negative for ASCL1, a key transcriptional regulator highly expressed in SCLC. NeuroD1 was seen in a subset of MCC cases (20.9%, 32/153). POU4F3 immunostain was performed on 29 sentinel lymph nodes and strong POU4F3 nuclear expression facilitated ease of metastasis detection, even single tumor cells. Our study built on prior works shows that POU4F3 to be a sensitive and specific clinical marker of MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Karpinski
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Javier E Mendez-Pena
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cheng-Lin Wu
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ali Akalin
- Department of Pathology, UMass Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Kristine M Cornejo
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yin P Hung
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mai P Hoang
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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6
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Lyu HX, Ma WH, Zhang YQ, Jin H, Wang YD, Zhao M. Case report: Emerging therapies for transformed small cell lung cancer: efficacy of serplulimab and a comprehensive case report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1406515. [PMID: 39386753 PMCID: PMC11461193 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1406515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This research reports a case of histological transformation from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to transformed small cell lung cancer (T-SCLC) in a patient undergoing EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The aggressive characteristics of the tumor diverged significantly from those commonly associated with lung adenocarcinomas, leading to further histological analysis. The subsequent histological examination confirmed the transformation to SCLC, consistent with established mechanisms of acquired resistance in NSCLC. Given the limited therapeutic options, the patient was administered a serplulimab-based immunochemotherapy regimen, achieving a progression-free survival (PFS) of 6 months post-transformation. The study underscores the potential of PD-1 inhibitors, particularly serplulimab, in the treatment landscape for T-SCLC and highlights the need for future comprehensive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Xu Lyu
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen-Hua Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yong-Qian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu-Dong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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7
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El Zarif T, Meador CB, Qiu X, Seo JH, Davidsohn MP, Savignano H, Lakshminarayanan G, McClure HM, Canniff J, Fortunato B, Li R, Banwait MK, Semaan K, Eid M, Long H, Hung YP, Mahadevan NR, Barbie DA, Oser MG, Piotrowska Z, Choueiri TK, Baca SC, Hata AN, Freedman ML, Berchuck JE. Detecting Small Cell Transformation in Patients with Advanced EGFR Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma through Epigenomic cfDNA Profiling. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:3798-3811. [PMID: 38912901 PMCID: PMC11369616 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-24-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Histologic transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a mechanism of treatment resistance in patients with advanced oncogene-driven lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) that currently requires histologic review for diagnosis. Herein, we sought to develop an epigenomic cell-free DNA (cfDNA)-based approach to noninvasively detect small cell transformation in patients with EGFR mutant (EGFRm) LUAD. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To characterize the epigenomic landscape of transformed (t)SCLC relative to LUAD and de novo SCLC, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to profile the histone modifications H3K27ac, H3K4me3, and H3K27me3; methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq); assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing; and RNA sequencing on 26 lung cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors. We then generated and analyzed H3K27ac ChIP-seq, MeDIP-seq, and whole genome sequencing cfDNA data from 1 mL aliquots of plasma from patients with EGFRm LUAD with or without tSCLC. RESULTS Analysis of 126 epigenomic libraries from the lung cancer PDXs revealed widespread epigenomic reprogramming between LUAD and tSCLC, with a large number of differential H3K27ac (n = 24,424), DNA methylation (n = 3,298), and chromatin accessibility (n = 16,352) sites between the two histologies. Tumor-informed analysis of each of these three epigenomic features in cfDNA resulted in accurate noninvasive discrimination between patients with EGFRm LUAD versus tSCLC [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) = 0.82-0.87]. A multianalyte cfDNA-based classifier integrating these three epigenomic features discriminated between EGFRm LUAD versus tSCLC with an AUROC of 0.94. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the feasibility of detecting small cell transformation in patients with EGFRm LUAD through epigenomic cfDNA profiling of 1 mL of patient plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talal El Zarif
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Catherine B. Meador
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Xintao Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Ji-Heui Seo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Matthew P. Davidsohn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Hunter Savignano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Gitanjali Lakshminarayanan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Heather M. McClure
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - John Canniff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Brad Fortunato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Mandeep K. Banwait
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Karl Semaan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Marc Eid
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Henry Long
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Yin P. Hung
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Navin R. Mahadevan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - David A. Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Matthew G. Oser
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Zofia Piotrowska
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Toni K. Choueiri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Sylvan C. Baca
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Aaron N. Hata
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Matthew L. Freedman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
- Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
| | - Jacob E. Berchuck
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
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8
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Jimbo N, Ohbayashi C, Fujii T, Takeda M, Mitsui S, Tanaka Y, Itoh T, Maniwa Y. The expression of YAP1 and other transcription factors contributes to lineage plasticity in combined small cell lung carcinoma. J Pathol Clin Res 2024; 10:e70001. [PMID: 39283755 PMCID: PMC11404481 DOI: 10.1002/2056-4538.70001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Lineage plasticity in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) causes therapeutic difficulties. This study aimed to investigate the pathological findings of plasticity in SCLC, focusing on combined SCLC, and elucidate the involvement of YAP1 and other transcription factors. We analysed 100 surgically resected SCLCs through detailed morphological observations and immunohistochemistry for YAP1 and other transcription factors. Component-by-component next-generation sequencing (n = 15 pairs) and immunohistochemistry (n = 35 pairs) were performed on the combined SCLCs. Compared with pure SCLCs (n = 65), combined SCLCs (n = 35) showed a significantly larger size, higher expression of NEUROD1, and higher frequency of double-positive transcription factors (p = 0.0009, 0.04, and 0.019, respectively). Notably, 34% of the combined SCLCs showed morphological mosaic patterns with unclear boundaries between the SCLC and its partner. Combined SCLCs not only had unique histotypes as partners but also represented different lineage plasticity within the partner. NEUROD1-dominant combined SCLCs had a significantly higher proportion of adenocarcinomas as partners, whereas POU2F3-dominant combined SCLCs had a significantly higher proportion of squamous cell carcinomas as partners (p = 0.006 and p = 0.0006, respectively). YAP1 expression in SCLC components was found in 80% of combined SCLCs and 62% of pure SCLCs, often showing mosaic-like expression. Among the combined SCLCs with component-specific analysis, the identical TP53 mutation was found in 10 pairs, and the identical Rb1 abnormality was found in 2 pairs. On immunohistochemistry, the same abnormal p53 pattern was found in 34 pairs, and Rb1 loss was found in 24 pairs. In conclusion, combined SCLC shows a variety of pathological plasticity. Although combined SCLC is more plastic than pure SCLC, pure SCLC is also a phenotypically plastic tumour. The morphological mosaic pattern and YAP1 mosaic-like expression may represent ongoing lineage plasticity. This study also identified the relationship between transcription factors and partners in combined SCLC. Transcription factors may be involved in differentiating specific cell lineages beyond just 'neuroendocrine'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoe Jimbo
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chiho Ohbayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tomomi Fujii
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Maiko Takeda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Suguru Mitsui
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yugo Tanaka
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomoo Itoh
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Maniwa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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9
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Jamroze A, Liu X, Tang DG. Treatment-induced stemness and lineage plasticity in driving prostate cancer therapy resistance. CANCER HETEROGENEITY AND PLASTICITY 2024; 1:0005. [PMID: 39363904 PMCID: PMC11449474 DOI: 10.47248/chp2401010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Most human cancers are heterogeneous consisting of cancer cells at different epigenetic and transcriptional states and with distinct phenotypes, functions, and drug sensitivities. This inherent cancer cell heterogeneity contributes to tumor resistance to clinical treatment, especially the molecularly targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs). Therapeutic interventions, in turn, induce lineage plasticity (also called lineage infidelity) in cancer cells that also drives therapy resistance. In this Perspective, we focus our discussions on cancer cell lineage plasticity manifested as treatment-induced switching of epithelial cancer cells to basal/stem-like, mesenchymal, and neural lineages. We employ prostate cancer (PCa) as the prime example to highlight ARSI-induced lineage plasticity during and towards development of castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). We further discuss how the tumor microenvironment (TME) influences therapy-induced lineage plasticity. Finally, we offer an updated summary on the regulators and mechanisms driving cancer cell lineage infidelity, which should be therapeutically targeted to extend the therapeutic window and improve patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmbreen Jamroze
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Xiaozhuo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Dean G. Tang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Experimental Therapeutics (ET) Graduate Program, University at Buffalo & Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, NY 14263, USA
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10
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Kong Q, Zhu Q, Yang Y, Wang W, Qian J, Chen Y. Current status and trend of mitochondrial research in lung cancer: A bibliometric and visualization analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34442. [PMID: 39144972 PMCID: PMC11320136 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This study summarizes and analyzes the relationship between mitochondria and the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The related articles in the Web of Science core literature database are searched and collected, and the data are processed by R software, Citespace, VOSviewer, and Excel. A total of 4476 related papers were retrieved, 4476 articles from 20162 co-authors of 3968 institutions in 84 countries and published in 951 journals. Through various bibliometric analysis tools, the relationship between mitochondria and the pathogenesis of lung cancer was analyzed, the previous research results were summarized, and the potential research direction was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Kong
- Functional Examination Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Qingyong Zhu
- Functional Examination Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Yuxia Yang
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Juan Qian
- Functional Examination Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
| | - Yong Chen
- Functional Examination Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, PR China
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11
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Lou W, Li Y. Research trend of lung cancer epigenetics research: Bibliometric and visual analysis of top-100 cited documents. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35686. [PMID: 39170116 PMCID: PMC11337132 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is a highly prevalent cancer on a global scale and its oncogenic process is driven by the accumulation of multiple pathological events. Epigenetics has gained significant recognition in recent years as a crucial contributor to the development of lung cancer. Epigenetics include processes such as DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and RNA modification. These pathways lead to enduring alterations in genetic phenotypes, which are crucial in the advancement and growth of lung cancer. However, the specific mechanisms and roles of epigenetics in lung cancer still need to be further elucidated. Methods We obtained publications from the Web of Science databases and applied a rigorous search method to filter them. Ultimately, we gathered high-quality publications that had received the highest 100 number of citations. The data were processed and visualized by various bibliometric tools. Results The 100 papers had varying numbers of citations, with the lowest being 491 and the most being 6316. On average, each work received 1119 citations. A total of 1056 co-authors were involved in publishing these papers in 59 journals from 185 institutions in 27 countries. The majority of high-caliber research in the subject of lung cancer epigenetics is conducted in advanced countries, with the United States taking the lead in terms of both the quantity of articles produced and their academic influence. The study of DNA methylation has been a longstanding research priority in the discipline. With the development of next-generation sequencing technology in recent years, research related to non-coding RNA has become a research hotspot. Future research directions may focus more on exploring the mechanisms of action of messenger RNA and circular RNA and developing targeted treatment strategies based on non-coding RNA drugs. Conclusion We analyzed 100 top lung cancer and epigenetics documents through various bibliometric analysis tools. This study provides a concise overview of the findings from prior research, anticipates future research directions, and offers potential avenues for additional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangzhouyang Lou
- Chun'an County First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 311700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunsheng Li
- Chun'an County First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 311700, People's Republic of China
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12
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Quintanal-Villalonga Á. An identity crisis for lung cancer cells. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadp9616. [PMID: 39141702 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adp9616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Omic analysis of clinical specimens undergoing histological transformation defines targetable drivers to prevent plasticity and treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Quintanal-Villalonga
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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13
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Sen T, Takahashi N, Chakraborty S, Takebe N, Nassar AH, Karim NA, Puri S, Naqash AR. Emerging advances in defining the molecular and therapeutic landscape of small-cell lung cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:610-627. [PMID: 38965396 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has traditionally been considered a recalcitrant cancer with a dismal prognosis, with only modest advances in therapeutic strategies over the past several decades. Comprehensive genomic assessments of SCLC have revealed that most of these tumours harbour deletions of the tumour-suppressor genes TP53 and RB1 but, in contrast to non-small-cell lung cancer, have failed to identify targetable alterations. The expression status of four transcription factors with key roles in SCLC pathogenesis defines distinct molecular subtypes of the disease, potentially enabling specific therapeutic approaches. Overexpression and amplification of MYC paralogues also affect the biology and therapeutic vulnerabilities of SCLC. Several other attractive targets have emerged in the past few years, including inhibitors of DNA-damage-response pathways, epigenetic modifiers, antibody-drug conjugates and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. However, the rapid development of therapeutic resistance and lack of biomarkers for effective selection of patients with SCLC are ongoing challenges. Emerging single-cell RNA sequencing data are providing insights into the plasticity and intratumoural and intertumoural heterogeneity of SCLC that might be associated with therapeutic resistance. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in genomic and transcriptomic characterization of SCLC with a particular focus on opportunities for translation into new therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triparna Sen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Nobuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Subhamoy Chakraborty
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Naoko Takebe
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amin H Nassar
- Division of Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nagla A Karim
- Inova Schar Cancer Institute Virginia, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Sonam Puri
- Division of Medical Oncology, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Abdul Rafeh Naqash
- Medical Oncology/ TSET Phase 1 program, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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14
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Shukla V, Wang H, Varticovski L, Baek S, Wang R, Wu X, Echtenkamp F, Villa-Hernandez F, Prothro KP, Gara SK, Zhang MR, Shiffka S, Raziuddin R, Neckers LM, Linehan WM, Chen H, Hager GL, Schrump DS. Genome-Wide Analysis Identifies Nuclear Factor 1C as a Novel Transcription Factor and Potential Therapeutic Target in SCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2024; 19:1201-1217. [PMID: 38583771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent insights regarding mechanisms mediating stemness, heterogeneity, and metastatic potential of lung cancers have yet to be fully translated to effective regimens for the treatment of these malignancies. This study sought to identify novel targets for lung cancer therapy. METHODS Transcriptomes and DNA methylomes of 14 SCLC and 10 NSCLC lines were compared with normal human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) clones derived from SAEC. SCLC lines, lung iPSC (Lu-iPSC), and SAEC were further evaluated by DNase I hypersensitive site sequencing (DHS-seq). Changes in chromatin accessibility and depths of transcription factor (TF) footprints were quantified using Bivariate analysis of Genomic Footprint. Standard techniques were used to evaluate growth, tumorigenicity, and changes in transcriptomes and glucose metabolism of SCLC cells after NFIC knockdown and to evaluate NFIC expression in SCLC cells after exposure to BET inhibitors. RESULTS Considerable commonality of transcriptomes and DNA methylomes was observed between Lu-iPSC and SCLC; however, this analysis was uninformative regarding pathways unique to lung cancer. Linking results of DHS-seq to RNA sequencing enabled identification of networks not previously associated with SCLC. When combined with footprint depth, NFIC, a transcription factor not previously associated with SCLC, had the highest score of occupancy at open chromatin sites. Knockdown of NFIC impaired glucose metabolism, decreased stemness, and inhibited growth of SCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. ChIP-seq analysis identified numerous sites occupied by BRD4 in the NFIC promoter region. Knockdown of BRD4 or treatment with Bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitors (BETis) markedly reduced NFIC expression in SCLC cells and SCLC PDX models. Approximately 8% of genes down-regulated by BETi treatment were repressed by NFIC knockdown in SCLC, whereas 34% of genes repressed after NFIC knockdown were also down-regulated in SCLC cells after BETi treatment. CONCLUSIONS NFIC is a key TF and possible mediator of transcriptional regulation by BET family proteins in SCLC. Our findings highlight the potential of genome-wide chromatin accessibility analysis for elucidating mechanisms of pulmonary carcinogenesis and identifying novel targets for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Shukla
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Present Address: Division of Nonclinical Sciences (DNCS), FDA, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Haitao Wang
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lyuba Varticovski
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Songjoon Baek
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ruihong Wang
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xinwei Wu
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Frank Echtenkamp
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Frank Villa-Hernandez
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Katherine P Prothro
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sudheer K Gara
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mary R Zhang
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephanie Shiffka
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Razi Raziuddin
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Leonard M Neckers
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Haobin Chen
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Present Address: Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gordon L Hager
- Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David S Schrump
- Thoracic Epigenetics Section, Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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15
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Redin E, Sridhar H, Zhan YA, Pereira Mello B, Zhong H, Durani V, Sabet A, Manoj P, Linkov I, Qiu J, Koche RP, de Stanchina E, Astorkia M, Betel D, Quintanal-Villalonga Á, Rudin CM. SMARCA4 controls state plasticity in small cell lung cancer through regulation of neuroendocrine transcription factors and REST splicing. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:58. [PMID: 39080761 PMCID: PMC11290012 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) can be classified into transcriptional subtypes with distinct degrees of neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation. Recent evidence supports plasticity among subtypes with a bias toward adoption of low-NE states during disease progression or upon acquired chemotherapy resistance. Here, we identify a role for SMARCA4, the catalytic subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, as a regulator of subtype shift in SCLC. METHODS ATACseq and RNAseq experiments were performed in SCLC cells after pharmacological inhibition of SMARCA4. DNA binding of SMARCA4 was characterized by ChIPseq in high-NE SCLC patient derived xenografts (PDXs). Enrichment analyses were applied to transcriptomic data. Combination of FHD-286 and afatinib was tested in vitro and in a set of chemo-resistant SCLC PDXs in vivo. RESULTS SMARCA4 expression positively correlates with that of NE genes in both SCLC cell lines and patient tumors. Pharmacological inhibition of SMARCA4 with FHD-286 induces the loss of NE features and downregulates neuroendocrine and neuronal signaling pathways while activating non-NE factors. SMARCA4 binds to gene loci encoding NE-lineage transcription factors ASCL1 and NEUROD1 and alters chromatin accessibility, enhancing NE programs. Enrichment analysis applied to high-confidence SMARCA4 targets confirmed neuron related pathways as the top GO Biological processes regulated by SMARCA4 in SCLC. In parallel, SMARCA4 also controls REST, a known suppressor of the NE phenotype, by regulating SRRM4-dependent REST transcript splicing. Furthermore, SMARCA4 inhibition drives ERBB pathway activation in SCLC, rendering SCLC tumors sensitive to afatinib. CONCLUSIONS This study nominates SMARCA4 as a key regulator of the NE state plasticity and defines a novel therapeutic strategy for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Redin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harsha Sridhar
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yingqian A Zhan
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Hong Zhong
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vidushi Durani
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amin Sabet
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Parvathy Manoj
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irina Linkov
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan Qiu
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard P Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maider Astorkia
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Doron Betel
- Applied Bioinformatics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Weill Cornell Medicine Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
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16
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Xue Y, Chen Y, Sun S, Tong X, Chen Y, Tang S, Wang X, Bi S, Qiu Y, Zhao Q, Qin Z, Xu Q, Ai Y, Chen L, Zhang B, Liu Z, Ji M, Lang M, Chen L, Xu G, Hu L, Ye D, Ji H. TET2-STAT3-CXCL5 nexus promotes neutrophil lipid transfer to fuel lung adeno-to-squamous transition. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20240111. [PMID: 38805014 PMCID: PMC11129275 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20240111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity is a rising cancer hallmark, and lung adeno-to-squamous transition (AST) triggered by LKB1 inactivation is significantly associated with drug resistance. Mechanistic insights into AST are urgently needed to identify therapeutic vulnerability in LKB1-deficient lung cancer. Here, we find that ten-eleven translocation (TET)-mediated DNA demethylation is elevated during AST in KrasLSL-G12D/+; Lkb1L/L (KL) mice, and knockout of individual Tet genes reveals that Tet2 is required for squamous transition. TET2 promotes neutrophil infiltration through STAT3-mediated CXCL5 expression. Targeting the STAT3-CXCL5 nexus effectively inhibits squamous transition through reducing neutrophil infiltration. Interestingly, tumor-infiltrating neutrophils are laden with triglycerides and can transfer the lipid to tumor cells to promote cell proliferation and squamous transition. Pharmacological inhibition of macropinocytosis dramatically inhibits neutrophil-to-cancer cell lipid transfer and blocks squamous transition. These data uncover an epigenetic mechanism orchestrating phenotypic plasticity through regulating immune microenvironment and metabolic communication, and identify therapeutic strategies to inhibit AST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xue
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijia Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), and Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyuan Tong
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), and Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Simin Bi
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Ai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), and Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Beizhen Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Liu
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai, China
| | - Minbiao Ji
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (Ministry of Education), Shanghai, China
| | - Meidong Lang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Guoliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (RU069), Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), and Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Shiba-Ishii A, Takemura N, Kawai H, Matsubara D. Histologic transformation of non-small-cell lung cancer in response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Current knowledge of genetic changes and molecular mechanisms. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:2138-2146. [PMID: 38801833 PMCID: PMC11247606 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and includes two major types: non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), accounting for 85% and 15% of cases, respectively. Non-small-cell lung cancer harboring actionable driver mutations is generally treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) molecularly targeting individual oncogenes. Although TKIs have greatly contributed to better clinical outcomes, acquired resistance to them inevitably occurs. Histologic or lineage transformation is a rare but well-documented off-target mechanism associated with acquired resistance, and has been identified in settings following treatment with multiple different TKIs and other drugs. It includes neuroendocrine transformation, squamous cell transformation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Here, we review the clinicopathologic features of transformed tumors and current understanding of the key genetic alterations and biologic mechanism of lineage transformation in NSCLC, particularly TKI-triggered transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Shiba-Ishii
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan
| | - Noriko Takemura
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kawai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsubara
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Japan
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18
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Kim B, Zhang S, Huang Y, Ko KP, Jung YS, Jang J, Zou G, Zhang J, Jun S, Kim KB, Park KS, Park JI. CRACD loss induces neuroendocrine cell plasticity of lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114286. [PMID: 38796854 PMCID: PMC11216895 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell plasticity contributes to intratumoral heterogeneity and therapy resistance. Through cell plasticity, some lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells transform into neuroendocrine (NE) tumor cells. However, the mechanisms of NE cell plasticity remain unclear. CRACD (capping protein inhibiting regulator of actin dynamics), a capping protein inhibitor, is frequently inactivated in cancers. CRACD knockout (KO) is sufficient to de-repress NE-related gene expression in the pulmonary epithelium and LUAD cells. In LUAD mouse models, Cracd KO increases intratumoral heterogeneity with NE gene expression. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis showed that Cracd KO-induced NE cell plasticity is associated with cell de-differentiation and stemness-related pathway activation. The single-cell transcriptomic analysis of LUAD patient tumors recapitulates that the distinct LUAD NE cell cluster expressing NE genes is co-enriched with impaired actin remodeling. This study reveals the crucial role of CRACD in restricting NE cell plasticity that induces cell de-differentiation of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongjun Kim
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Shengzhe Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuanjian Huang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kyung-Pil Ko
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Youn-Sang Jung
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jinho Jang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gengyi Zou
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sohee Jun
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kee-Beom Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Sik Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jae-Il Park
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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19
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Patel AS, Yanai I. A developmental constraint model of cancer cell states and tumor heterogeneity. Cell 2024; 187:2907-2918. [PMID: 38848676 PMCID: PMC11256907 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a disease that stems from a fundamental liability inherent to multicellular life forms in which an individual cell is capable of reneging on the interests of the collective organism. Although cancer is commonly described as an evolutionary process, a less appreciated aspect of tumorigenesis may be the constraints imposed by the organism's developmental programs. Recent work from single-cell transcriptomic analyses across a range of cancer types has revealed the recurrence, plasticity, and co-option of distinct cellular states among cancer cell populations. Here, we note that across diverse cancer types, the observed cell states are proximate within the developmental hierarchy of the cell of origin. We thus posit a model by which cancer cell states are directly constrained by the organism's "developmental map." According to this model, a population of cancer cells traverses the developmental map, thereby generating a heterogeneous set of states whose interactions underpin emergent tumor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi S Patel
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Itai Yanai
- Institute for Systems Genetics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Yang C, Ma S, Zhang J, Han Y, Wan L, Zhou W, Dong X, Yang W, Chen Y, Gao L, Cui W, Jia L, Yang J, Wu C, Wang Q, Wang L. EHMT2-mediated transcriptional reprogramming drives neuroendocrine transformation in non-small cell lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317790121. [PMID: 38814866 PMCID: PMC11161775 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317790121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The transformation of lung adenocarcinoma to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recognized resistance mechanism and a hindrance to therapies using epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The paucity of pretranslational/posttranslational clinical samples limits the deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms and the exploration of effective therapeutic strategies. Here, we developed preclinical neuroendocrine (NE) transformation models. Next, we identified a transcriptional reprogramming mechanism that drives resistance to erlotinib in NE transformation cell lines and cell-derived xenograft mice. We observed the enhanced expression of genes involved in the EHMT2 and WNT/β-catenin pathways. In addition, we demonstrated that EHMT2 increases methylation of the SFRP1 promoter region to reduce SFRP1 expression, followed by activation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway and TKI-mediated NE transformation. Notably, the similar expression alterations of EHMT2 and SFRP1 were observed in transformed SCLC samples obtained from clinical patients. Importantly, suppression of EHMT2 with selective inhibitors restored the sensitivity of NE transformation cell lines to erlotinib and delayed resistance in cell-derived xenograft mice. We identify a transcriptional reprogramming process in NE transformation and provide a potential therapeutic target for overcoming resistance to erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Shuxiang Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou450008, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Yuchen Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Wenlong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Xiaoyu Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Weiming Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Lingyue Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou450008, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang110016, China
- Division of Drug Screening and Biology Evaluation, Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi117004, China
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21
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Hiatt JB, Doebley AL, Arnold HU, Adil M, Sandborg H, Persse TW, Ko M, Wu F, Quintanal Villalonga A, Santana-Davila R, Eaton K, Dive C, Rudin CM, Thomas A, Houghton AM, Ha G, MacPherson D. Molecular phenotyping of small cell lung cancer using targeted cfDNA profiling of transcriptional regulatory regions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk2082. [PMID: 38598634 PMCID: PMC11006233 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk2082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
We report an approach for cancer phenotyping based on targeted sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In SCLC, differential activation of transcription factors (TFs), such as ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and REST defines molecular subtypes. We designed a targeted capture panel that identifies chromatin organization signatures at 1535 TF binding sites and 13,240 gene transcription start sites and detects exonic mutations in 842 genes. Sequencing of cfDNA from SCLC patient-derived xenograft models captured TF activity and gene expression and revealed individual highly informative loci. Prediction models of ASCL1 and NEUROD1 activity using informative loci achieved areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) from 0.84 to 0.88 in patients with SCLC. As non-SCLC (NSCLC) often transforms to SCLC following targeted therapy, we applied our framework to distinguish NSCLC from SCLC and achieved an AUC of 0.99. Our approach shows promising utility for SCLC subtyping and transformation monitoring, with potential applicability to diverse tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Hiatt
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System - Seattle Branch, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna-Lisa Doebley
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Henry U. Arnold
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohamed Adil
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Holly Sandborg
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Thomas W. Persse
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Minjeong Ko
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Feinan Wu
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alvaro Quintanal Villalonga
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rafael Santana-Davila
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Keith Eaton
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Caroline Dive
- Cancer Research UK National Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College; New York, NY, USA
| | - Anish Thomas
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - A. McGarry Houghton
- Division of Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gavin Ha
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David MacPherson
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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22
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Romero R, Chu T, González-Robles TJ, Smith P, Xie Y, Kaur H, Yoder S, Zhao H, Mao C, Kang W, Pulina MV, Lawrence KE, Gopalan A, Zaidi S, Yoo K, Choi J, Fan N, Gerstner O, Karthaus WR, DeStanchina E, Ruggles KV, Westcott PM, Chaligné R, Pe’er D, Sawyers CL. The neuroendocrine transition in prostate cancer is dynamic and dependent on ASCL1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.09.588557. [PMID: 38645223 PMCID: PMC11030418 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.09.588557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Lineage plasticity is a recognized hallmark of cancer progression that can shape therapy outcomes. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating lineage plasticity remain poorly understood. Here, we describe a versatile in vivo platform to identify and interrogate the molecular determinants of neuroendocrine lineage transformation at different stages of prostate cancer progression. Adenocarcinomas reliably develop following orthotopic transplantation of primary mouse prostate organoids acutely engineered with human-relevant driver alterations (e.g., Rb1-/-; Trp53-/-; cMyc+ or Pten-/-; Trp53-/-; cMyc+), but only those with Rb1 deletion progress to ASCL1+ neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), a highly aggressive, androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI)-resistant tumor. Importantly, we show this lineage transition requires a native in vivo microenvironment not replicated by conventional organoid culture. By integrating multiplexed immunofluorescence, spatial transcriptomics and PrismSpot to identify cell type-specific spatial gene modules, we reveal that ASCL1+ cells arise from KRT8+ luminal epithelial cells that progressively acquire transcriptional heterogeneity, producing large ASCL1+;KRT8- NEPC clusters. Ascl1 loss in established NEPC results in transient tumor regression followed by recurrence; however, Ascl1 deletion prior to transplantation completely abrogates lineage plasticity, yielding adenocarcinomas with elevated AR expression and marked sensitivity to castration. The dynamic feature of this model reveals the importance of timing of therapies focused on lineage plasticity and offers a platform for identification of additional lineage plasticity drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Romero
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tinyi Chu
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tania J. González-Robles
- Institute of Systems Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10061, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10061, USA
| | - Perianne Smith
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yubin Xie
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Harmanpreet Kaur
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sara Yoder
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Huiyong Zhao
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chenyi Mao
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wenfei Kang
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Maria V. Pulina
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kayla E. Lawrence
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anuradha Gopalan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samir Zaidi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kwangmin Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ning Fan
- Molecular Cytology Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Olivia Gerstner
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wouter R. Karthaus
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa DeStanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kelly V. Ruggles
- Institute of Systems Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10061, USA
| | | | - Ronan Chaligné
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis and Tumor Ecosystems Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dana Pe’er
- Program for Computational and Systems Biology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Alan and Sandra Gerry Metastasis and Tumor Ecosystems Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Charles L. Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
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23
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Duan XP, Qin BD, Jiao XD, Liu K, Wang Z, Zang YS. New clinical trial design in precision medicine: discovery, development and direction. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:57. [PMID: 38438349 PMCID: PMC10912713 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the era of precision medicine, it has been increasingly recognized that individuals with a certain disease are complex and different from each other. Due to the underestimation of the significant heterogeneity across participants in traditional "one-size-fits-all" trials, patient-centered trials that could provide optimal therapy customization to individuals with specific biomarkers were developed including the basket, umbrella, and platform trial designs under the master protocol framework. In recent years, the successive FDA approval of indications based on biomarker-guided master protocol designs has demonstrated that these new clinical trials are ushering in tremendous opportunities. Despite the rapid increase in the number of basket, umbrella, and platform trials, the current clinical and research understanding of these new trial designs, as compared with traditional trial designs, remains limited. The majority of the research focuses on methodologies, and there is a lack of in-depth insight concerning the underlying biological logic of these new clinical trial designs. Therefore, we provide this comprehensive review of the discovery and development of basket, umbrella, and platform trials and their underlying logic from the perspective of precision medicine. Meanwhile, we discuss future directions on the potential development of these new clinical design in view of the "Precision Pro", "Dynamic Precision", and "Intelligent Precision". This review would assist trial-related researchers to enhance the innovation and feasibility of clinical trial designs by expounding the underlying logic, which be essential to accelerate the progression of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Peng Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bao-Dong Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Sheng Zang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Yang Y, Fan S. Small cell lung cancer transformations from non-small cell lung cancer: Biological mechanism and clinical relevance. CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL PULMONARY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE 2024; 2:42-47. [PMID: 39170959 PMCID: PMC11332903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pccm.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, consisting of two major histological subtypes: small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In some cases, NSCLC patients may undergo a histological transformation to SCLC during clinical treatments, which is associated with resistance to targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or chemotherapy. The review provides a comprehensive analysis of SCLC transformation from NSCLC, including biological mechanism, clinical relevance, and potential treatment options after transformation, which may give a better understanding of SCLC transformation and provide support for further research to define better therapy options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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25
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Gardner EE, Earlie EM, Li K, Thomas J, Hubisz MJ, Stein BD, Zhang C, Cantley LC, Laughney AM, Varmus H. Lineage-specific intolerance to oncogenic drivers restricts histological transformation. Science 2024; 383:eadj1415. [PMID: 38330136 PMCID: PMC11155264 DOI: 10.1126/science.adj1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) are thought to originate from different epithelial cell types in the lung. Intriguingly, LUAD can histologically transform into SCLC after treatment with targeted therapies. In this study, we designed models to follow the conversion of LUAD to SCLC and found that the barrier to histological transformation converges on tolerance to Myc, which we implicate as a lineage-specific driver of the pulmonary neuroendocrine cell. Histological transformations are frequently accompanied by activation of the Akt pathway. Manipulating this pathway permitted tolerance to Myc as an oncogenic driver, producing rare, stem-like cells that transcriptionally resemble the pulmonary basal lineage. These findings suggest that histological transformation may require the plasticity inherent to the basal stem cell, enabling tolerance to previously incompatible oncogenic driver programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ethan M. Earlie
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Kate Li
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jerin Thomas
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Melissa J. Hubisz
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Bioinformatics Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Benjamin D. Stein
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lewis C. Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine
| | - Ashley M. Laughney
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Harold Varmus
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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26
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Chiang CL, Huang HC, Luo YH, Shen CI, Chao HS, Tseng YH, Chou TY, Schrump DS, Yeh YC, Chen YM. Clinical utility of immunohistochemical subtyping in patients with small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2024; 188:107473. [PMID: 38232600 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Molecular subtyping of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors based on the expression of four transcription factors (ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and YAP1) using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining has recently emerged as a proposed approach. This study was aimed to examine this subtyping method in Asian patients with SCLC and investigate its correlation with treatment efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-two tumor samples from patients with SCLC, including de novo cases and those transformed from EGFR-mutant tumors, were analyzed. IHC staining was used to measure the expression of the four transcription factors and conventional SCLC markers. Subtypes were defined based on relative expression levels. The treatment response and outcome of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy were also reviewed. RESULTS ASCL1 was the most common subtype, observed in 55.2 % of the samples, followed by NEUROD1 (26.9 %) and POU2F3 (9 %). No tumor exhibited predominant YAP1 positivity, while 41.8 % of the samples demonstrated positivity for two subtype markers. Approximately 50 % of the patients experienced a subtype switch after disease progression. Patients with the ASCL1/NEUROD1 (SCLC-A/N) subtype had similar progression-free survival (PFS) compared to non-SCLC-A/N patients after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy. Transformed SCLC patients had significantly worse PFS than de novo SCLC patients after chemoimmunotherapy. (2.1 vs. 5.4 months, P = 0.023) CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed the challenges associated with using IHC alone for molecular subtyping, highlighting the frequent co-expression of subtypes and temporal changes following treatment. Further research is warranted to explore the prognostic and therapeutic implications of IHC subtyping in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Lu Chiang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Ching Huang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hung Luo
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-I Shen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Sheng Chao
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Han Tseng
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Teh-Ying Chou
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David S Schrump
- Thoracic Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yi-Chen Yeh
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Fujii M, Sekine S, Sato T. Decoding the basis of histological variation in human cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:141-158. [PMID: 38135758 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Molecular abnormalities that shape human neoplasms dissociate their phenotypic landscape from that of the healthy counterpart. Through the lens of a microscope, tumour pathology optically captures such aberrations projected onto a tissue slide and has categorized human epithelial neoplasms into distinct histological subtypes based on the diverse morphogenetic and molecular programmes that they manifest. Tumour histology often reflects tumour aggressiveness, patient prognosis and therapeutic vulnerability, and thus has been used as a de facto diagnostic tool and for making clinical decisions. However, it remains elusive how the diverse histological subtypes arise and translate into pleiotropic biological phenotypes. Molecular analysis of clinical tumour tissues and their culture, including patient-derived organoids, and add-back genetic reconstruction of tumorigenic pathways using gene engineering in culture models and rodents further elucidated molecular mechanisms that underlie morphological variations. Such mechanisms include genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations in cellular identity codes that erode hard-wired morphological programmes and histologically digress tumours from the native tissues. Interestingly, tumours acquire the ability to grow independently of the niche-driven stem cell ecosystem along with these morphological alterations, providing a biological rationale for histological diversification during tumorigenesis. This Review comprehensively summarizes our current understanding of such plasticity in the histological and lineage commitment fostered cooperatively by molecular alterations and the tumour environment, and describes basic and clinical implications for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Fujii
- Department of Integrated Medicine and Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Sekine
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Integrated Medicine and Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Miyahira AK, Soule HR. The 29th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation Scientific Retreat Report. Prostate 2024; 84:113-130. [PMID: 37915138 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 29th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) Scientific Retreat was held from October 27 to 29, 2022, at the Omni La Costa Resort in Carlsbad, CA. This was the first-ever hybrid PCF Retreat. METHODS The Annual PCF Scientific Retreat is a prominent international scientific gathering centered on groundbreaking, unpublished, and influential studies in basic, translational, and clinical prostate cancer research. It also covers research from related fields with a strong potential for influencing prostate cancer research and patient care. RESULTS Key areas of research that were focused on at the 2022 PCF Retreat included: (i) the contributions of molecular and genomic factors to prostate cancer disparities; (ii) novel clinical trial updates; (iii) lessons from primary prostate cancer; (iv) lessons from single-cell studies; (v) genetic, epigenetic, epitranscriptomic and posttranslational mechanisms and clinical heterogeneity in prostate cancer; (vi) biology of neuroendocrine and lineage-plastic prostate cancer; (vii) next generation prostate cancer theranostics and combination therapies; (viii) the biology and therapeutic potential of targeting phosphoinositide 3-kinases pathways; (ix) combining immunomodulatory treatments for prostate cancer; (x) novel gamma delta (γδ) T-cell therapy platforms for oncology; and (xi) lessons from other cancers. CONCLUSIONS This article provides a summary of the presentations from the 2022 PCF Scientific Retreat. By disseminating this knowledge, we hope to enhance our understanding of the present research landscape and guide future strides in both prostate cancer research and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Miyahira
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Howard R Soule
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
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Ciriello G, Magnani L, Aitken SJ, Akkari L, Behjati S, Hanahan D, Landau DA, Lopez-Bigas N, Lupiáñez DG, Marine JC, Martin-Villalba A, Natoli G, Obenauf AC, Oricchio E, Scaffidi P, Sottoriva A, Swarbrick A, Tonon G, Vanharanta S, Zuber J. Cancer Evolution: A Multifaceted Affair. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:36-48. [PMID: 38047596 PMCID: PMC10784746 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells adapt and survive through the acquisition and selection of molecular modifications. This process defines cancer evolution. Building on a theoretical framework based on heritable genetic changes has provided insights into the mechanisms supporting cancer evolution. However, cancer hallmarks also emerge via heritable nongenetic mechanisms, including epigenetic and chromatin topological changes, and interactions between tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. Recent findings on tumor evolutionary mechanisms draw a multifaceted picture where heterogeneous forces interact and influence each other while shaping tumor progression. A comprehensive characterization of the cancer evolutionary toolkit is required to improve personalized medicine and biomarker discovery. SIGNIFICANCE Tumor evolution is fueled by multiple enabling mechanisms. Importantly, genetic instability, epigenetic reprogramming, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment are neither alternative nor independent evolutionary mechanisms. As demonstrated by findings highlighted in this perspective, experimental and theoretical approaches must account for multiple evolutionary mechanisms and their interactions to ultimately understand, predict, and steer tumor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ciriello
- Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Magnani
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Breast Epigenetic Plasticity and Evolution Laboratory, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J. Aitken
- Medical Research Council Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leila Akkari
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sam Behjati
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas Hanahan
- Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dan A. Landau
- New York Genome Center, New York, New York
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine and Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Nuria Lopez-Bigas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Darío G. Lupiáñez
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Marine
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Martin-Villalba
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, German Cancer Research Center (DFKZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gioacchino Natoli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna C. Obenauf
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisa Oricchio
- Swiss Cancer Center Leman, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paola Scaffidi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Cancer Epigenetic Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Sottoriva
- Computational Biology Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | - Alexander Swarbrick
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sakari Vanharanta
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes Zuber
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
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Cai J, Qiao Y, Chen L, Lu Y, Zheng D. Regulation of the Notch signaling pathway by natural products for cancer therapy. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109483. [PMID: 37848105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that modulates normal biological processes involved in cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and stem cell self-renewal in a context-dependent fashion. Attributed to its pleiotropic physiological roles, both overexpression and silencing of the pathway are associated with the emergence, progression, and poorer prognosis in various types of cancer. To decrease disease incidence and promote survival, targeting Notch may have chemopreventive and anti-cancer effects. Natural products with profound historical origins have distinguished themselves from other therapies due to their easy access, high biological compatibility, low toxicity, and reliable effects at specific physiological sites in vivo. This review describes the Notch signaling pathway, particularly its normal activation process, and some main illnesses related to Notch signaling pathway dysregulation. Emphasis is placed on the effects and mechanisms of natural products targeting the Notch signaling pathway in diverse cancer types, including curcumin, ellagic acid (EA), resveratrol, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin, and xanthohumol and so on. Existing evidence indicates that natural products are feasible solution to fight against cancer by targeting Notch signaling, either alone or in combination with current therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Cai
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yajie Qiao
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lingbin Chen
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Youguang Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Dali Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
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Huang J, Zhang XH, Cai Y, Yang D, Shi J, Xing P, Xu T, Wu L, Su W, Xu R, Wei T, Chen HJ, Yang JJ. Rationale and Design of a Phase II Trial of Combined Serplulimab and Chemotherapy in Patients with Histologically Transformed Small Cell Lung Cancer: a Prospective, Single-arm and Multicentre Study. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:39-45. [PMID: 37977903 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Transformed small cell lung cancer (T-SCLC) is a highly aggressive clinical disease with a notably poor prognosis. It most often arises from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following treatment. To date, no standard treatment has been established for T-SCLC. Platinum-etoposide was the most commonly used regimen, but progression-free survival remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, there is an urgent unmet need to develop novel and effective strategies for this population. Our study, a multicentre, open-label, single-arm phase II clinical trial (NCT05957510), aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of serplulimab plus chemotherapy in untreated T-SCLC patients after histological transformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 36 eligible participants experiencing SCLC transformation from EGFR-mutant NSCLC will be enrolled to receive combination therapy of serplulimab, etoposide and carboplatin for four to six cycles, followed by maintenance therapy with serplulimab for up to 2 years. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival; secondary endpoints include objective response rate, overall survival and safety. RESULTS Enrolment started in July 2023 and is ongoing, with an estimated completion date of December 2025. CONCLUSIONS This study aims to provide valuable insights into the efficacy and safety of combining serplulimab with chemotherapy for treating patients with T-SCLC originating from EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X-H Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Y Cai
- Medical Oncology Department V, Guangdong Nongken Central Hospital, Zhanjiang, China
| | - D Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - J Shi
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - P Xing
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - T Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - L Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - W Su
- Department of Pulmonary Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - R Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - T Wei
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H-J Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J-J Yang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Saadh MJ, Rasulova I, Almoyad MAA, Kiasari BA, Ali RT, Rasheed T, Faisal A, Hussain F, Jawad MJ, Hani T, Sârbu I, Lakshmaiya N, Ciongradi CI. Recent progress and the emerging role of lncRNAs in cancer drug resistance; focusing on signaling pathways. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154999. [PMID: 38118218 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
It is becoming more and more apparent that many of the genetic alterations associated with cancer are located in areas that do not encode proteins. lncRNAs are a class of RNAs that do not code for proteins but play a crucial role in maintaining cell function and regulating various cellular processes. By doing this, they have recently introduced what may be a brand-new and essential layer of biological control. These have more than 200 nucleotides and are linked to several diseases; as a result, they have become potential tools for therapeutic intervention. Emerging technologies suggest the presence of mutations on genomic loci that give rise to lncRNAs rather than proteins in a disease as complex as cancer. These lncRNAs play essential parts in gene regulation, which impacts several cellular homeostasis processes, including proliferation, survival, migration, and genomic stability. The leading cause of death in the world today is cancer. Delays in diagnosis and a lack of standard and efficient treatments are the leading causes of the high death rate. Clinically, surgery is frequently used successfully to remove cancers that have not spread, but it is less successful in treating metastatic cancer, which has a drastically lower chance of survival. Chemotherapeutic drugs are a typical therapy to treat the cancer that has spread to other organs. Drug resistance to chemotherapy, however, presents a significant challenge to achieving positive outcomes and is frequently the cause of treatment failure. A substantial barrier to progress in medical oncology is cancer drug resistance. Resistance can develop clinically either before or after cancer treatment. According to this study, lncRNAs influence drug resistance through several different methods. LncRNAs often impact drug resistance by controlling the expression of a few intermediary regulatory variables rather than by directly affecting drug resistance. Additionally, lncRNAs have a variety of roles in cancer medication resistance. Most lncRNAs induce drug resistance when overexpressed; however, other lncRNAs have inhibitory effects. This study provides an overview of the current understanding of lncRNAs, relevance to cancer, and potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, 54 Mustaqillik Ave., Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 4536, 47 Abha Mushait, 61412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahman Abedi Kiasari
- Microbiology & Immunology Group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ronak Taher Ali
- College of Medical Technology, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Tariq Rasheed
- College of Science and Humanities, Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Faisal
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - Farah Hussain
- Medical Technical College, Al-Farahidi University, Iraq
| | | | - Thamer Hani
- Dentistry Department, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ioan Sârbu
- 2nd Department of Surgery-Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
| | - Natrayan Lakshmaiya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Carmen Iulia Ciongradi
- 2nd Department of Surgery-Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania.
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Gutiérrez M, Zamora I, Freeman MR, Encío IJ, Rotinen M. Actionable Driver Events in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:105. [PMID: 38203275 PMCID: PMC10778712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) stands out as the most aggressive form of lung cancer, characterized by an extremely high proliferation rate and a very poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate that falls below 7%. Approximately two-thirds of patients receive their diagnosis when the disease has already reached a metastatic or extensive stage, leaving chemotherapy as the remaining first-line treatment option. Other than the recent advances in immunotherapy, which have shown moderate results, SCLC patients cannot yet benefit from any approved targeted therapy, meaning that this cancer remains treated as a uniform entity, disregarding intra- or inter-tumoral heterogeneity. Continuous efforts and technological improvements have enabled the identification of new potential targets that could be used to implement novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we provide an overview of the most recent approaches for SCLC treatment, providing an extensive compilation of the targeted therapies that are currently under clinical evaluation and inhibitor molecules with promising results in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Gutiérrez
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.G.); (I.Z.)
| | - Irene Zamora
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.G.); (I.Z.)
| | - Michael R. Freeman
- Departments of Urology and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ignacio J. Encío
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.G.); (I.Z.)
- IdiSNA, Navarre Institute for Health Research, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mirja Rotinen
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (M.G.); (I.Z.)
- IdiSNA, Navarre Institute for Health Research, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
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Jing M, He X, Cai CZ, Ma QZ, Li K, Zhang BX, Yin Y, Shi MS, Wang YS. Epidermal growth factor receptor regulates lineage plasticity driving transformation to small cell lung cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 681:218-224. [PMID: 37783120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, with concurrent RB1/TP53 mutations, indicating an increased risk of transformation into small cell lung cancer (SCLC). When tumor cells convert into a different histological subtype, they lose their dependence on the original oncogenic driver, resulting in therapeutic resistance. However, the molecular details associated with this transformation remain unclear. It has been difficult to define molecular mechanisms of neuroendocrine (NE) transformation in lung cancer due to a lack of pre- and post-transformation clinical samples. In this study, we established a NSCLC cell line with concurrent RB1/TP53 mutations and built corresponding patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models to investigate the mechanisms underlying transformation to SCLC. Studying these PDX models, we demonstrate that EGFR loss facilitates lineage plasticity of lung adenocarcinoma initiated by biallelic mutations of TP53 and RB1. Gene expression analysis of these EGFR knockout tumors revealed altered expression of neuroendocrine synapse-associated lineage genes. There is an increased expression of epigenetic reprogramming factors like Sox2 and gene associated with neural development like NTRK in these EGFR knockout tumors. These findings uncovered the role of EGFR in the acquisition of plasticity, which is the ability of a cell to substantially modify its identity and take on a new phenotype, and defined a novel landscape of potential drivers of NE transformation in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Zhi Cai
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Zhi Ma
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Li
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ben Xia Zhang
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming Song Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Sheng Wang
- Thoracic Oncology Ward, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Leon C, Manley E, Neely AM, Castillo J, Ramos Correa M, Velarde DA, Yang M, Puente PE, Romero DI, Ren B, Chai W, Gladstone M, Lamango NS, Huang Y, Offringa IA. Lack of racial and ethnic diversity in lung cancer cell lines contributes to lung cancer health disparities. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1187585. [PMID: 38023251 PMCID: PMC10651223 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1187585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States and worldwide, and a major source of cancer health disparities. Lung cancer cell lines provide key in vitro models for molecular studies of lung cancer development and progression, and for pre-clinical drug testing. To ensure health equity, it is imperative that cell lines representing different lung cancer histological types, carrying different cancer driver genes, and representing different genders, races, and ethnicities should be available. This is particularly relevant for cell lines from Black men, who experience the highest lung cancer mortality in the United States. Here, we undertook a review of the available lung cancer cell lines and their racial and ethnic origin. We noted a marked imbalance in the availability of cell lines from different races and ethnicities. Cell lines from Black patients were strongly underrepresented, and we identified no cell lines from Hispanic/Latin(x) (H/L), American Indian/American Native (AI/AN), or Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (NHOPI) patients. The majority of cell lines were derived from White and Asian patients. Also missing are cell lines representing the cells-of-origin of the major lung cancer histological types, which can be used to model lung cancer development and to study the effects of environmental exposures on lung tissues. To our knowledge, the few available immortalized alveolar epithelial cell lines are all derived from White subjects, and the race and ethnicity of a handful of cell lines derived from bronchial epithelial cells are unknown. The lack of an appropriately diverse collection of lung cancer cell lines and lung cancer cell-of-origin lines severely limits racially and ethnically inclusive lung cancer research. It impedes the ability to develop inclusive models, screen comprehensively for effective compounds, pre-clinically test new drugs, and optimize precision medicine. It thereby hinders the development of therapies that can increase the survival of minority and underserved patients. The noted lack of cell lines from underrepresented groups should constitute a call to action to establish additional cell lines and ensure adequate representation of all population groups in this critical pre-clinical research resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Leon
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Aaron M. Neely
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan Castillo
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michele Ramos Correa
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Diego A. Velarde
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Minxiao Yang
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pablo E. Puente
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Diana I. Romero
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Bing Ren
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Wenxuan Chai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Matthew Gladstone
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nazarius S. Lamango
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ite A. Offringa
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Zhang SL, Zhang CY, Chen YQ, Li YF, Xie Z, Zhang XC, Zhou Q, Zhong WZ, Huang J, Sun H, Zheng MY, Xiao FM, Yan HH, Lu DX, Lv ZY, Wu YL, Chen HJ, Yang JJ. Expression of EGFR-mutant proteins and genomic evolution in EGFR-mutant transformed small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:4620-4635. [PMID: 37868836 PMCID: PMC10586967 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Background The transformation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 3-14% of the resistance mechanism to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). At present, there is no relevant research to explore the dynamic expression of EGFR-mutant proteins and genomic evolution in EGFR-mutant transformed SCLC/neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). Methods Genetic analysis and protein level analysis by next-generation sequencing (NGS), Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and immunohistochemistry were performed to explore expression of EGFR-mutant proteins and genomic evolution in EGFR-mutant transformed SCLC. The research used three patient-derived organoids (PDOs) to explore the efficacy of combo [chemotherapy (chemo) plus TKI or bevacizumab] treatment. According to the subsequent treatment regimens after SCLC/NEC transformation, 35 patients were divided into chemo (n=21) and combo (n=14) groups. Results EGFR L858R and EGFR E746-750 del protein expression by immunohistochemistry was 80.0% (4/5) and 100% (6/6), respectively (P=0.455) in initially-transformed tissues. Meanwhile, EGFR-mutant proteins were expressed in 85.7% (6/7) of dynamic rebiopsy tissues or effusion samples after the first transformation. Then, by the pathway enrichment analysis of tissue and plasma NGS, the EGFR-related pathways were still activated after SCLC/NEC transformation. Moreover, WES analysis revealed that transformed SCLC shared a common clonal origin from the baseline LUAD. The drug sensitivity of three PDOs demonstrated potent anti-cancer activity of EGFR-TKIs plus chemo, compared with chemo or TKI alone. There were significant differences in objective response rate (ORR) between the combo and chemo groups [42.9 % vs. 4.8%, P=0.010, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5-145.2]. Furthermore, the median post-transformation progression-free survival (pPFS) was significantly prolonged in the combo group, with 5.4 (95% CI: 3.4-7.4) versus 3.5 (95% CI: 2.7-4.3, P=0.012) months. Conclusions EGFR 19del or L858R-mutant proteins could be constantly expressed, and EGFR pathway still existed in EGFR-mutant transformed SCLC/NEC with a common clonal origin from the baseline LUAD. Taking together, these molecular characteristics potentially favored clinical efficacy in transformed SCLC/NEC treated with the combo regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ling Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chan-Yuan Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Fa Li
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Xie
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Zhao Zhong
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Ying Zheng
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fa-Man Xiao
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Hong Yan
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Xia Lu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Lv
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Wu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Jun Chen
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ji Yang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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37
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Chakraborty S, Coleman C, Manoj P, Demircioglu D, Shah N, de Stanchina E, Rudin CM, Hasson D, Sen T. De Novo and Histologically Transformed Small-Cell Lung Cancer Is Sensitive to Lurbinectedin Treatment Through the Modulation of EMT and NOTCH Signaling Pathways. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3526-3540. [PMID: 37382635 PMCID: PMC10901109 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade neuroendocrine tumor with dismal prognosis and limited treatment options. Lurbinectedin, conditionally approved as a second-line treatment for metastatic SCLC, drives clinical responses in about 35% of patients, and the overall survival (OS) of those who benefit from it remains very low (∼9.3 months). This finding highlights the need to develop improved mechanistic insight and predictive biomarkers of response. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used human and patient-derived xenograft (PDX)-derived SCLC cell lines to evaluate the effect of lurbinectedin in vitro. We also demonstrate the antitumor effect of lurbinectedin in multiple de novo and transformed SCLC PDX models. Changes in gene and protein expression pre- and post-lurbinectedin treatment was assessed by RNA sequencing and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Lurbinectedin markedly reduced cell viability in the majority of SCLC models with the best response on POU2F3-driven SCLC cells. We further demonstrate that lurbinectedin, either as a single agent or in combination with osimertinib, causes an appreciable antitumor response in multiple models of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma with histologic transformation to SCLC. Transcriptomic analysis identified induction of apoptosis, repression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, modulation of PI3K/AKT, NOTCH signaling associated with lurbinectedin response in de novo, and transformed SCLC models. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a mechanistic insight into lurbinectedin response in SCLC and the first demonstration that lurbinectedin is a potential therapeutic target after SCLC transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Chakraborty
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Charles Coleman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing (BiNGS) Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Parvathy Manoj
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Deniz Demircioglu
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing (BiNGS) Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nisargbhai Shah
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dan Hasson
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing (BiNGS) Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Quintanal-Villalonga A, Durani V, Sabet A, Redin E, Kawasaki K, Shafer M, Karthaus WR, Zaidi S, Zhan YA, Manoj P, Sridhar H, Shah NS, Chow A, Bhanot UK, Linkov I, Asher M, Yu HA, Qiu J, de Stanchina E, Patel RA, Morrissey C, Haffner MC, Koche RP, Sawyers CL, Rudin CM. Exportin 1 inhibition prevents neuroendocrine transformation through SOX2 down-regulation in lung and prostate cancers. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadf7006. [PMID: 37531417 PMCID: PMC10777207 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf7006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
In lung and prostate adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine (NE) transformation to an aggressive derivative resembling small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is associated with poor prognosis. We previously described dependency of SCLC on the nuclear transporter exportin 1. Here, we explored the role of exportin 1 in NE transformation. We observed up-regulated exportin 1 in lung and prostate pretransformation adenocarcinomas. Exportin 1 was up-regulated after genetic inactivation of TP53 and RB1 in lung and prostate adenocarcinoma cell lines, accompanied by increased sensitivity to the exportin 1 inhibitor selinexor in vitro. Exportin 1 inhibition prevented NE transformation in different TP53/RB1-inactivated prostate adenocarcinoma xenograft models that acquire NE features upon treatment with the aromatase inhibitor enzalutamide and extended response to the EGFR inhibitor osimertinib in a lung cancer transformation patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model exhibiting combined adenocarcinoma/SCLC histology. Ectopic SOX2 expression restored the enzalutamide-promoted NE phenotype on adenocarcinoma-to-NE transformation xenograft models despite selinexor treatment. Selinexor sensitized NE-transformed lung and prostate small cell carcinoma PDXs to standard cytotoxics. Together, these data nominate exportin 1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic target to constrain lineage plasticity and prevent or treat NE transformation in lung and prostate adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Quintanal-Villalonga
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vidushi Durani
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Amin Sabet
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Esther Redin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kenta Kawasaki
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Moniquetta Shafer
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wouter R. Karthaus
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Samir Zaidi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yingqian A. Zhan
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Parvathy Manoj
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Harsha Sridhar
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nisargbhai S. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrew Chow
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Umesh K. Bhanot
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Irina Linkov
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Marina Asher
- Precision Pathology Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Helena A. Yu
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Juan Qiu
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Radhika A. Patel
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 19024, USA
| | - Colm Morrissey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael C. Haffner
- Divisions of Human Biology and Clinical Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 19024, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Richard P. Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles L. Sawyers
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles M. Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Kim J, Kim S, Park SY, Lee GK, Lim KY, Kim JY, Hwang JA, Yu N, Kang EH, Hwang M, Song BR, Park C, Han JY. Molecular Subtypes and Tumor Microenvironment Characteristics of Small-Cell Lung Cancer Associated with Platinum-Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3568. [PMID: 37509231 PMCID: PMC10377352 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although molecular subtypes of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) have been proposed, their clinical relevance and therapeutic implications are not fully understood. Thus, we aimed to refine molecular subtypes and to uncover therapeutic targets. We classified the subtypes based on gene expression (n = 81) and validated them in our samples (n = 87). Non-SCLC samples were compared with SCLC subtypes to identify the early development stage of SCLC. Single-cell transcriptome analysis was applied to dissect the TME of bulk samples. Finally, to overcome platinum resistance, we performed drug screening of patient-derived cells and cell lines. Four subtypes were identified: the ASCL1+ (SCLC-A) subtype identified as TP53/RB-mutated non-SCLC representing the early development stage of SCLC; the immune activation (SCLC-I) subtype, showing high CD8+/PD-L1+ T-cell infiltration and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT); the NEUROD1 (SCLC-N) subtype, which showed neurotransmission process; and the POU2F3+ (SCLC-P) subtype with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EndMT was associated with the worst prognosis. While SCLC-A/N exhibited platinum sensitivity, the EndMT signal of SCLC-I conferred platinum resistance. A BET inhibitor suppressed the aggressive angiogenesis phenotype of SCLC-I. We revealed that EndMT development contributed to a poor outcome in SCLC-I. Moreover, heterogenous TME development facilitated platinum resistance. BET inhibitors are novel candidates for overcoming platinum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187, Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si 28159, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunshin Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seog-Yun Park
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Kook Lee
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Young Lim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Hwang
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhee Yu
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kang
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihwa Hwang
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Song
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Charny Park
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Han
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 232 Ilsan-ro, Goyang-si 10408, Kyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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40
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Sivakumar S, Moore JA, Montesion M, Sharaf R, Lin DI, Colón CI, Fleishmann Z, Ebot EM, Newberg JY, Mills JM, Hegde PS, Pan Q, Dowlati A, Frampton GM, Sage J, Lovly CM. Integrative Analysis of a Large Real-World Cohort of Small Cell Lung Cancer Identifies Distinct Genetic Subtypes and Insights into Histologic Transformation. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1572-1591. [PMID: 37062002 PMCID: PMC10326603 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant neuroendocrine carcinoma with dismal survival outcomes. A major barrier in the field has been the relative paucity of human tumors studied. Here we provide an integrated analysis of 3,600 "real-world" SCLC cases. This large cohort allowed us to identify new recurrent alterations and genetic subtypes, including STK11-mutant tumors (1.7%) and TP53/RB1 wild-type tumors (5.5%), as well as rare cases that were human papillomavirus-positive. In our cohort, gene amplifications on 4q12 are associated with increased overall survival, whereas CCNE1 amplification is associated with decreased overall survival. We also identify more frequent alterations in the PTEN pathway in brain metastases. Finally, profiling cases of SCLC containing oncogenic drivers typically associated with NSCLC demonstrates that SCLC transformation may occur across multiple distinct molecular cohorts of NSCLC. These novel and unsuspected genetic features of SCLC may help personalize treatment approaches for this fatal form of cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Minimal changes in therapy and survival outcomes have occurred in SCLC for the past four decades. The identification of new genetic subtypes and novel recurrent mutations as well as an improved understanding of the mechanisms of transformation to SCLC from NSCLC may guide the development of personalized therapies for subsets of patients with SCLC. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1501.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jay A Moore
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Radwa Sharaf
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Caterina I Colón
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Quintin Pan
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Afshin Dowlati
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Julien Sage
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Christine M Lovly
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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41
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Melosky BL, Leighl NB, Dawe D, Blais N, Wheatley-Price PF, Chu QSC, Juergens RA, Ellis PM, Sun A, Schellenberg D, Ionescu DN, Cheema PK. Canadian Consensus Recommendations on the Management of Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:6289-6315. [PMID: 37504325 PMCID: PMC10378571 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30070465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive, neuroendocrine tumour with high relapse rates, and significant morbidity and mortality. Apart from advances in radiation therapy, progress in the systemic treatment of SCLC had been stagnant for over three decades despite multiple attempts to develop alternative therapeutic options that could improve responses and survival. Recent promising developments in first-line and subsequent therapeutic approaches prompted a Canadian Expert Panel to convene to review evidence, discuss practice patterns, and reach a consensus on the treatment of extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC). The literature search included guidelines, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials. Regular meetings were held from September 2022 to March 2023 to discuss the available evidence to propose and agree upon specific recommendations. The panel addressed biomarkers and histological features that distinguish SCLC from non-SCLC and other neuroendocrine tumours. Evidence for initial and subsequent systemic therapies was reviewed with consideration for patient performance status, comorbidities, and the involvement and function of other organs. The resulting consensus recommendations herein will help clarify evidence-based management of ES-SCLC in routine practice, help clinician decision-making, and facilitate the best patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L. Melosky
- Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer-Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Natasha B. Leighl
- Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - David Dawe
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, CancerCare Manitoba, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada;
| | - Normand Blais
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2X 3E4, Canada;
| | - Paul F. Wheatley-Price
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada;
| | - Quincy S.-C. Chu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada;
| | - Rosalyn A. Juergens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada;
| | - Peter M. Ellis
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Canada;
| | - Alexander Sun
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Radiation Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Devin Schellenberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BC Cancer—Surrey Centre, 13750 96 Avenue, Surrey, BC V3V 1Z2, Canada;
| | - Diana N. Ionescu
- Department of Pathology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z7, Canada
| | - Parneet K. Cheema
- Division of Medical Oncology, William Osler Health System, University of Toronto, Brampton, ON L6R 3J7, Canada;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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Kravitz CJ, Yan Q, Nguyen DX. Epigenetic markers and therapeutic targets for metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:427-443. [PMID: 37286865 PMCID: PMC10595046 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10109-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The last few years have seen an increasing number of discoveries which collectively demonstrate that histone and DNA modifying enzyme modulate different stages of metastasis. Moreover, epigenomic alterations can now be measured at multiple scales of analysis and are detectable in human tumors or liquid biopsies. Malignant cell clones with a proclivity for relapse in certain organs may arise in the primary tumor as a consequence of epigenomic alterations which cause a loss in lineage integrity. These alterations may occur due to genetic aberrations acquired during tumor progression or concomitant to therapeutic response. Moreover, evolution of the stroma can also alter the epigenome of cancer cells. In this review, we highlight current knowledge with a particular emphasis on leveraging chromatin and DNA modifying mechanisms as biomarkers of disseminated disease and as therapeutic targets to treat metastatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J Kravitz
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale Center for Immuno-Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Don X Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Giaccone G, He Y. Current Knowledge of Small Cell Lung Cancer Transformation from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023:S1044-579X(23)00078-0. [PMID: 37244438 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death, and is divided into two major histological subtypes, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Histological transformation from NSCLC to SCLC has been reported as a mechanism of treatment resistance in patients who received tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting EGFR, ALK and ROS1 or immunotherapies. The transformed histology could be due to therapy-induced lineage plasticity or clonal selection of pre-existing SCLC cells. Evidence supporting either mechanism exist in the literature. Here, we discuss potential mechanisms of transformation and review the current knowledge about cell of origin of NSCLC and SCLC. In addition, we summarize genomic alterations that are frequently observed in both "De novo" and transformed SCLC, such as TP53, RB1 and PIK3CA. We also discuss treatment options for transformed SCLC, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, TKIs, immunotherapy and anti-angiogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giaccone
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yongfeng He
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill-Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
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Liu H, Han Y, Liu Z, Gao L, Yi T, Yu Y, Wang Y, Qu P, Xiang L, Li Y. Depiction of neuroendocrine features associated with immunotherapy response using a novel one-class predictor in lung adenocarcinoma. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:71. [PMID: 37199872 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00693-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumours with no evidence of neuroendocrine transformation histologically but harbouring neuroendocrine features are collectively referred to as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with neuroendocrine differentiation (NED). Investigating the mechanisms underlying NED is conducive to designing appropriate treatment options for NSCLC patients. METHODS In the present study, we integrated multiple lung cancer datasets to identify neuroendocrine features using a one-class logistic regression (OCLR) machine learning algorithm trained on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells, a pulmonary neuroendocrine cell type, based on the transcriptome of NSCLC and named the NED index (NEDI). Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis, pathway enrichment analysis, ESTIMATE algorithm analysis, and unsupervised subclass mapping (SubMap) were performed to assess the altered pathways and immune characteristics of lung cancer samples with different NEDI values. RESULTS We developed and validated a novel one-class predictor based on the expression values of 13,279 mRNAs to quantitatively evaluate neuroendocrine features in NSCLC. We observed that a higher NEDI correlated with better prognosis in patients with LUAD. In addition, we observed that a higher NEDI was significantly associated with reduced immune cell infiltration and immune effector molecule expression. Furthermore, we found that etoposide-based chemotherapy might be more effective in the treatment of LUAD with high NEDI values. Moreover, we noted that tumours with low NEDI values had better responses to immunotherapy than those with high NEDI values. CONCLUSIONS Our findings improve the understanding of NED and provide a useful strategy for applying NEDI-based risk stratification to guide decision-making in the treatment of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhantao Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No.136 Jingzhou Street, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Tienan Yi
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No.136 Jingzhou Street, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuandong Yu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Qu
- Department of Science and Education, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Longchao Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, No.136 Jingzhou Street, Xiangyang, 441021, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Cancer Research, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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Hwang S, Hong TH, Kim HK, Choi YS, Zo JI, Shim YM, Han J, Ahn YC, Pyo H, Noh JM, Lee HY, Kim HJ, Park S, Ahn MJ, Park K, Lee SH, Choi YL, Kim J. Whole-Section Landscape Analysis of Molecular Subtypes in Curatively Resected Small Cell Lung Cancer: Clinicopathologic Features and Prognostic Significance. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100184. [PMID: 37054974 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recognition of various molecular subtypes in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), most information has been derived from tissue microarrays or biopsy samples. Using whole-sections of curatively resected SCLCs, we aimed to elucidate the clinicopathologic relevance and prognostic significance of the molecular subtypes. Whole-section immunohistochemistry was conducted for 73 resected SCLC samples using antibodies representative of molecular subtypes: ASCL1 (SCLC-A), NEUROD1 (SCLC-N), POU2F3 (SCLC-P), and YAP1. Further, multiplexed immunofluorescence was performed to evaluate the spatial relationship of YAP1 expression with other markers. The molecular subtype was correlated with clinical and histomorphologic features, and its prognostic role was explored in this cohort and validated in a previously published surgical cohort. Overall, the molecular subtypes were SCLC-A (54.8%), SCLC-N (31.5%), SCLC-P (6.8%), and SCLC-TN (triple-negative, 6.8%). We found significant enrichment of SCLC-N (48.0%, p = 0.004) among combined SCLCs. Although a distinct subtype with high YAP1 expression was not found, YAP1 expression was reciprocal with ASCL1/NEUROD1 at the cellular level within tumors and was increased in areas with non-small cell-like morphology. Furthermore, the YAP1-positive SCLCs showed significantly increased recurrence at mediastinal lymph nodes (p = 0.047) and are an independent poor prognostic factor after surgery (adjusted hazard ratio 2.87; 95% confidence interval 1.20-6.86; p = 0.017). The poor prognostic impact of YAP1 was also validated in the external surgical cohort. Our whole-section analysis in resected SCLCs reveals the highly heterogeneous nature of the molecular subtype and its clinicopathologic relevance. Although YAP1 is not a subtype delineator, YAP1 relates to the phenotypic plasticity of SCLC and may serve as a poor prognostic factor in resected SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohyun Hwang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Hee Hong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Kwan Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Soo Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Ill Zo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Mog Shim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joungho Han
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Chan Ahn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongryull Pyo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Myoung Noh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Yun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joong Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sehhoon Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Keunchil Park
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Hoon Lee
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Yoon-La Choi
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jhingook Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
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Toyokawa G, Bersani F, Bironzo P, Picca F, Tabbò F, Haratake N, Takenaka T, Seto T, Yoshizumi T, Novello S, Scagliotti GV, Taulli R. Tumor plasticity and therapeutic resistance in oncogene-addicted non-small cell lung cancer: from preclinical observations to clinical implications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 184:103966. [PMID: 36925092 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of actionable targets in oncogene-addicted non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has fueled biomarker-directed strategies, especially in advanced stage disease. Despite the undeniable success of molecular targeted therapies, duration of clinical response is relatively short-lived. While extraordinary efforts have defined the complexity of tumor architecture and clonal evolution at the genetic level, not equal interest has been given to the dynamic mechanisms of phenotypic adaptation engaged by cancer during treatment. At the clinical level, molecular targeted therapy of EGFR-mutant and ALK-rearranged tumors often results in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and histological transformation of the original adenocarcinoma without the acquisition of additional genetic lesions, thus limiting subsequent therapeutic options and patient outcome. Here we provide an overview of the current understanding of the genetic and non-genetic molecular circuits governing this phenomenon, presenting current strategies and potentially innovative therapeutic approaches to interfere with lung cancer cell plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouji Toyokawa
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy; Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Francesca Bersani
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Bironzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, AOU S. Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Francesca Picca
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tabbò
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, AOU S. Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Naoki Haratake
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Takenaka
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Seto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yoshizumi
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Silvia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, AOU S. Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giorgio V Scagliotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, AOU S. Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Taulli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.
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Chen L, Ji Y, Li A, Liu B, Shen K, Su R, Ma Z, Zhang W, Wang Q, Zhu Y, Xue W. High-throughput drug screening identifies fluoxetine as a potential therapeutic agent for neuroendocrine prostate cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1085569. [PMID: 36994207 PMCID: PMC10042075 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1085569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionNeuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive subtype of prostate cancer with poor prognosis and resistance to hormone therapy, which has limited therapeutic approaches. Therefore, this study aimed to identify a novel treatment for NEPC and provide evidence of its inhibitory effects.MethodsWe performed a high-throughput drug screening and identified fluoxetine, originally an FDA-approved antidepressant, as candidate therapeutic agent for NEPC. We carried out both in vitro and in vivo experiments to demonstrate the inhibitory effects of fluoxetine on NEPC models and its mechanism in detail.ResultsOur results demonstrated that fluoxetine effectively curbed the neuroendocrine differentiation and inhibited cell viability by targeting the AKT pathway. Preclinical test in NEPC mice model (PBCre4: Ptenf/f; Trp53f/f; Rb1f/f) showed that fluoxetine effectively prolonged the overall survival and reduced the risk of tumor distant metastases.DiscussionThis work repurposed fluoxetine for antitumor application, and supported its clinical development for NEPC therapy, which may provide a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qi Wang
- *Correspondence: Qi Wang, ; Yinjie Zhu,
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Zhang H, Yang Y, Li X, Yuan X, Chu Q. Targeting the Notch signaling pathway and the Notch ligand, DLL3, in small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114248. [PMID: 36645960 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive and poorly differentiated cancer with high-grade neuroendocrine (NE) features, accounting for approximately 15 % of all lung cancers. For decades, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have predominated the treatment strategy for SCLC, but relapses ensue quickly and result in poor survival of patients. Immunotherapy has brought novel insights, yet the efficacy is still restricted to a limited population with SCLC. Notch signaling is identified to play a key role in the initiation and development of SCLC, and the Notch ligand, Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) is found broadly and specifically expressed in SCLC cells. Thus, Notch signaling is under active exploration as a potential therapeutic target in SCLC. Herein, we summarized and updated the functional relevance of Notch signaling in SCLC, discussed Notch signaling-targeted therapy for SCLC and the correspondent preclinical and clinical trials, and investigated the promising synergy effects of Notch signaling targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China.
| | - Yunkai Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuchang Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China.
| | - Xun Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China.
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei, China.
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49
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Abu-Khalaf MM, Alex Hodge K, Hatzis C, Baldelli E, El Gazzah E, Valdes F, Sikov WM, Mita MM, Denduluri N, Murphy R, Zelterman D, Liotta L, Dunetz B, Dunetz R, Petricoin EF, Pierobon M. AKT/mTOR signaling modulates resistance to endocrine therapy and CDK4/6 inhibition in metastatic breast cancers. NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:18. [PMID: 36797347 PMCID: PMC9935518 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine therapy (ET) in combination with CDK4/6 inhibition is routinely used as first-line treatment for HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients. However, 30-40% of patients quickly develop disease progression. In this open-label multicenter clinical trial, we utilized a hypothesis-driven protein/phosphoprotein-based approach to identify predictive markers of response to ET plus CDK4/6 inhibition in pre-treatment tissue biopsies. Pathway-centered signaling profiles were generated from microdissected tumor epithelia and surrounding stroma/immune cells using the reverse phase protein microarray. Phosphorylation levels of the CDK4/6 downstream substrates Rb (S780) and FoxM1 (T600) were higher in patients with progressive disease (PD) compared to responders (p = 0.02). Systemic PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation in tumor epithelia and stroma/immune cells was detected in patients with PD. This activation was not explained by underpinning genomic alterations alone. As the number of FDA-approved targeted compounds increases, functional protein-based signaling analyses may become a critical component of response prediction and treatment selection for MBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa M. Abu-Khalaf
- grid.415231.00000 0004 0577 7855Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - K. Alex Hodge
- grid.22448.380000 0004 1936 8032School of Systems Biology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA USA
| | | | - Elisa Baldelli
- grid.22448.380000 0004 1936 8032School of Systems Biology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA USA
| | - Emna El Gazzah
- grid.22448.380000 0004 1936 8032School of Systems Biology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA USA
| | - Frances Valdes
- grid.419791.30000 0000 9902 6374Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center (UM SCCC), University of Miami, Miami, FL USA
| | - William M. Sikov
- grid.241223.4Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI USA
| | - Monica M. Mita
- grid.50956.3f0000 0001 2152 9905Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Neelima Denduluri
- grid.492966.60000 0004 0481 8256Virginia Cancer Specialists, Fairfax, VA USA
| | - Rita Murphy
- grid.415231.00000 0004 0577 7855Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | | | - Lance Liotta
- grid.22448.380000 0004 1936 8032School of Systems Biology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA USA
| | | | - Rick Dunetz
- grid.490989.5Side Out Foundation, Fairfax, VA USA
| | - Emanuel F. Petricoin
- grid.22448.380000 0004 1936 8032School of Systems Biology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA USA
| | - Mariaelena Pierobon
- School of Systems Biology, Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
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50
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Yu N, Hwang M, Lee Y, Song BR, Kang EH, Sim H, Ahn BC, Hwang KH, Kim J, Hong S, Kim S, Park C, Han JY. Patient-derived cell-based pharmacogenomic assessment to unveil underlying resistance mechanisms and novel therapeutics for advanced lung cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:37. [PMID: 36717865 PMCID: PMC9885631 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A pharmacogenomic platform using patient-derived cells (PDCs) was established to identify the underlying resistance mechanisms and tailored treatment for patients with advanced or refractory lung cancer. METHODS Drug sensitivity screening and multi-omics datasets were acquired from lung cancer PDCs (n = 102). Integrative analysis was performed to explore drug candidates according to genetic variants, gene expression, and clinical profiles. RESULTS PDCs had genomic characteristics resembled with those of solid lung cancer tissues. PDC molecular subtyping classified patients into four groups: (1) inflammatory, (2) epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like, (3) stemness, and (4) epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR)-dominant. EGFR mutations of the EMT-like subtype were associated with a reduced response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Moreover, although RB1/TP53 mutations were significantly enriched in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) PDCs, they were also present in non-SCLC PDCs. In contrast to its effect in the cell lines, alpelisib (a PI3K-AKT inhibitor) significantly inhibited both RB1/TP53 expression and SCLC cell growth in our PDC model. Furthermore, cell cycle inhibitors could effectively target SCLC cells. Finally, the upregulation of transforming growth factor-β expression and the YAP/TAZ pathway was observed in osimertinib-resistant PDCs, predisposing them to the EMT-like subtype. Our platform selected XAV939 (a WNT-TNKS-β-catenin inhibitor) for the treatment of osimertinib-resistant PDCs. Using an in vitro model, we further demonstrated that acquisition of osimertinib resistance enhances invasive characteristics and EMT, upregulates the YAP/TAZ-AXL axis, and increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to XAV939. CONCLUSIONS Our PDC models recapitulated the molecular characteristics of lung cancer, and pharmacogenomics analysis provided plausible therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namhee Yu
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Mihwa Hwang
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Lee
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Ram Song
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hye Kang
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Sim
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Beung-Chul Ahn
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Kum Hui Hwang
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, National Institute of Health, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, 28159 Republic of Korea
| | - Sehwa Hong
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunshin Kim
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Charny Park
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Han
- grid.410914.90000 0004 0628 9810Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10408 Republic of Korea
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