1
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Meng W, Takeuchi Y, Ward JP, Sultan H, Arthur CD, Mardis ER, Artyomov MN, Lichti CF, Schreiber RD. Improvement of Tumor Neoantigen Detection by High-Field Asymmetric Waveform Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:988-1006. [PMID: 38768391 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Cancer neoantigens have been shown to elicit cancer-specific T-cell responses and have garnered much attention for their roles in both spontaneous and therapeutically induced antitumor responses. Mass spectrometry (MS) profiling of tumor immunopeptidomes has been used, in part, to identify MHC-bound mutant neoantigen ligands. However, under standard conditions, MS-based detection of such rare but clinically relevant neoantigens is relatively insensitive, requiring 300 million cells or more. Here, to quantitatively define the minimum detectable amounts of therapeutically relevant MHC-I and MHC-II neoantigen peptides, we analyzed different dilutions of immunopeptidomes isolated from the well-characterized T3 mouse methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced cell line by MS. Using either data-dependent acquisition or parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), we established the minimum amount of material required to detect the major T3 neoantigens in the presence or absence of high field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). This analysis yielded a 14-fold enhancement of sensitivity in detecting the major T3 MHC-I neoantigen (mLama4) with FAIMS-PRM compared with PRM without FAIMS, allowing ex vivo detection of this neoantigen from an individual 100 mg T3 tumor. These findings were then extended to two other independent MCA-sarcoma lines (1956 and F244). This study demonstrates that FAIMS substantially increases the sensitivity of MS-based characterization of validated neoantigens from tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Yoshiko Takeuchi
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Jeffrey P Ward
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Hussein Sultan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Cora D Arthur
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Elaine R Mardis
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Maxim N Artyomov
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Cheryl F Lichti
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert D Schreiber
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
- The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri
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2
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Huang H, Wang X, Gao Z, Bao H, Yuan X, Chen C, Xia D, Wang X. A Platelet-Powered Drug Delivery System for Enhancing Chemotherapy Efficacy for Liver Cancer Using the Trojan Horse Strategy. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:905. [PMID: 39065602 PMCID: PMC11279470 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Optimizing the delivery and penetration of nano-sized drugs within liver cancer sites, along with remodeling the tumor microenvironment, is crucial for enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. For this study, a platelet (PLT)-mediated nanodrug delivery system (DASA+ATO@PLT) was developed to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy. This system delivers nano-sized dasatinib and atovaquone specifically to liver tumor sites and facilitates intra-tumoral permeation upon release. Through JC-1, immunohistochemistry, and DNA damage analyses, the therapeutic effect of DASA+ATO@PLT was assessed. In vitro simulation and intravital imaging were carried out to determine the accumulation of dasatinib and atovaquone in liver tumor sites. The experiment demonstrated the accumulation of dasatinib and atovaquone in tumor sites, followed by deep permeation in the tumor microenvironment with the assistance of PLTs, while simultaneously revealing the ability of DASA+ATO@PLT to remodel the liver cancer microenvironment (overcoming hypoxia) and enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy. This system utilizes the natural tumor recognition ability of PLTs and enhances the chemo-immunotherapeutic effect through targeted delivery of nano-chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumor, resulting in effective accumulation and infiltration. The PLT-mediated nanodrug delivery system serves as a "Trojan horse" to carry therapeutic drugs as cargo and deliver them to target cells, leading to favorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Nantong Institute of Technology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; (H.H.); (X.W.); (Z.G.); (X.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Nantong Institute of Technology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; (H.H.); (X.W.); (Z.G.); (X.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Ziqing Gao
- Nantong Institute of Technology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; (H.H.); (X.W.); (Z.G.); (X.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Hongyi Bao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China;
| | - Xiaopeng Yuan
- Nantong Institute of Technology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; (H.H.); (X.W.); (Z.G.); (X.Y.); (C.C.)
- Radiotherapy Department of Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226361, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Nantong Institute of Technology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; (H.H.); (X.W.); (Z.G.); (X.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Donglin Xia
- Nantong Institute of Technology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; (H.H.); (X.W.); (Z.G.); (X.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Xiangqian Wang
- Nantong Institute of Technology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China; (H.H.); (X.W.); (Z.G.); (X.Y.); (C.C.)
- Radiotherapy Department of Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong 226361, China
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3
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Carlson E, Savardekar H, Hu X, Lapurga G, Johnson C, Sun SH, Carson WE, Peterson BR. Fluorescent Detection of Peroxynitrite Produced by Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer and Inhibition by Dasatinib. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2023; 6:738-747. [PMID: 37200815 PMCID: PMC10186365 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells that expand dramatically in many cancer patients. This expansion contributes to immunosuppression in cancer and reduces the efficacy of immune-based cancer therapies. One mechanism of immunosuppression mediated by MDSCs involves production of the reactive nitrogen species peroxynitrite (PNT), where this strong oxidant inactivates immune effector cells through destructive nitration of tyrosine residues in immune signal transduction pathways. As an alternative to analysis of nitrotyrosines indirectly generated by PNT, we used an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted fluorescent sensor termed PS3 that allows direct detection of PNT produced by MDSCs. When the MDSC-like cell line MSC2 and primary MDSCs from mice and humans were treated with PS3 and antibody-opsonized TentaGel microspheres, phagocytosis of these beads led to production of PNT and generation of a highly fluorescent product. Using this method, we show that splenocytes from a EMT6 mouse model of cancer, but not normal control mice, produce high levels of PNT due to elevated numbers of granulocytic (PMN) MDSCs. Similarly, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from blood of human melanoma patients produced substantially higher levels of PNT than healthy human volunteers, coincident with higher peripheral MDSC levels. The kinase inhibitor dasatinib was found to potently block the production of PNT both by inhibiting phagocytosis in vitro and by reducing the number of granulocytic MDSCs in mice in vivo, providing a chemical tool to modulate the production of this reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick
J. Carlson
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Himanshu Savardekar
- Division
of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiaojun Hu
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Gabriella Lapurga
- Division
of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Courtney Johnson
- Division
of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Steven H. Sun
- Division
of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - William E. Carson
- Division
of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Blake R. Peterson
- Division
of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Poh AR, Ernst M. Functional roles of SRC signaling in pancreatic cancer: Recent insights provide novel therapeutic opportunities. Oncogene 2023:10.1038/s41388-023-02701-x. [PMID: 37120696 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant disease with a 5-year survival rate of <10%. Aberrant activation or elevated expression of the tyrosine kinase c-SRC (SRC) is frequently observed in PDAC and is associated with a poor prognosis. Preclinical studies have revealed a multifaceted role for SRC activation in PDAC, including promoting chronic inflammation, tumor cell proliferation and survival, cancer cell stemness, desmoplasia, hypoxia, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Strategies to inhibit SRC signaling include suppressing its catalytic activity, inhibiting protein stability, or by interfering with signaling components of the SRC signaling pathway including suppressing protein interactions of SRC. In this review, we discuss the molecular and immunological mechanisms by which aberrant SRC activity promotes PDAC tumorigenesis. We also provide a comprehensive update of SRC inhibitors in the clinic, and discuss the clinical challenges associated with targeting SRC in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh R Poh
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia.
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, VIC, 3084, Australia.
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5
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Dasatinib-Loaded Topical Nano-Emulgel for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Formulation Design and Optimization by QbD, In Vitro, Ex Vivo, and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030736. [PMID: 36986597 PMCID: PMC10052882 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to develop a topical emulgel of dasatinib (DTB) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment to reduce systemic side effects. The quality by design (QbD) approach was employed to optimize DTB-loaded nano-emulgel using a central composite design (CCD). Emulgel was prepared using the hot emulsification method, and then the particle size (PS) was reduced using the homogenization technique. The PS and % entrapment efficiency (% EE) were found to be 172.53 ± 3.33 nm (0.160 ± 0.014 PDI) and 95.11 ± 0.16%, respectively. The nano-emulsion (CF018 emulsion) in vitro drug release profile showed sustained release (SR) up to 24 h. MTT assay results from an in vitro cell line study revealed that formulation excipients had no effect, whereas emulgel showed a high degree of internalization. Furthermore, emulgel treatment significantly reduced LPS-induced TNF-α production in RAW 264.7 cells. The spherical shape was depicted in FESEM images of optimized nano-emulgel (CF018 emulgel) formulation. Ex vivo skin permeation was significantly increased when compared to the free drug-loaded gel (FDG). In vivo data revealed that the optimized CF018 emulgel is a non-irritant and is safe. In terms of paw swelling, the FCA-induced arthritis model demonstrated that the CF018 emulgel reduced paw swelling percentage compared to adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) control group. Following clinical testing in the near future, the designed preparation could be a viable alternative treatment for RA.
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6
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pH-responsive nanoprodrugs combining a Src inhibitor and chemotherapy to potentiate antitumor immunity via pyroptosis in head and neck cancer. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:497-509. [PMID: 36367476 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As the prominent feature of the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is immunosuppression, therapeutic strategies to restore antitumor immunity have shown promising prospects. The efficacy of chemotherapy, a mainstay in HNSCC treatment, is exemplified by cytotoxic effects as well as immunostimulation, whereas compensatory activation of prosurvival signals in tumor tissues may compromise its efficacy. Aberrant activation of Src is present in many human malignancies including HNSCC, and is implicated in chemotherapy resistance. In this regard, tumor-microenvironment-responsive prodrug nanomicelles (PDO NPs) are rationally designed to combine chemotherapy (oxaliplatin, OXA) and Src inhibitors (dasatinib, DAS) for HNSCC therapy. PDO NPs are constructed by chemically modifying small-molecule prodrugs (DAS-OXA) loaded in block copolymer iPDPA with pH-triggered transforming capability. PDO NPs can controllably release drugs in response to tumor acidity, thus increasing tumor accumulation and therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, PDO NPs can elicit pyroptosis of tumor cells and induce T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity in murine HNSCC models. In summary, nanoprodrugs integrating Src inhibitors enhance the immunological effects of chemotherapy and provide insight into promising approaches for augmenting immunochemotherapy for HNSCC. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, pH-responsive nanomicelles (PDO NPs) were constructed by loading a small molecular prodrug synthesized by the Src inhibitor dasatinib and the chemotherapy drug oxaliplatin into the amphiphilic block copolymer iPDPA to improve the immunological effects of chemotherapy for HNSCC. These nanomicelles can efficiently accumulate in tumor cells and achieve pH-responsive drug release. The PDO NPs can induce pyroptosis of tumor cells and potentiate antitumor immunity in subcutaneous and syngenetic orthotopic HNSCC mouse models, which may present a promising strategy to enhance immunochemotherapy for HNSCC.
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7
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Riether C. Regulation of hematopoietic and leukemia stem cells by regulatory T cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1049301. [PMID: 36405718 PMCID: PMC9666425 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1049301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are maintained in a quiescent state and sustain the continuous production of all types of blood cells. HSCs reside in a specialized microenvironment the so-called HSC niche, which equally promotes HSC self-renewal and differentiation to ensure the integrity of the HSC pool throughout life and to replenish hematopoietic cells after acute injury, infection or anemia. The processes of HSC self-renewal and differentiation are tightly controlled and are in great part regulated through cellular interactions with classical (e.g. mesenchymal stromal cells) and non-classical niche cells (e.g. immune cells). In myeloid leukemia, some of these regulatory mechanisms that evolved to maintain HSCs, to protect them from exhaustion and immune destruction and to minimize the risk of malignant transformation are hijacked/disrupted by leukemia stem cells (LSCs), the malignant counterpart of HSCs, to promote disease progression as well as resistance to therapy and immune control. CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are substantially enriched in the BM compared to other secondary lymphoid organs and are crucially involved in the establishment of an immune privileged niche to maintain HSC quiescence and to protect HSC integrity. In leukemia, Tregs frequencies in the BM even increase. Studies in mice and humans identified the accumulation of Tregs as a major immune-regulatory mechanism. As cure of leukemia implies the elimination of LSCs, the understanding of these immune-regulatory processes may be of particular importance for the development of future treatments of leukemia as targeting major immune escape mechanisms which revolutionized the treatment of solid tumors such as the blockade of the inhibitory checkpoint receptor programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) seems less efficacious in the treatment of leukemia. This review will summarize recent findings on the mechanisms by which Tregs regulate stem cells and adaptive immune cells in the BM during homeostasis and in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Riether
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Carsten Riether,
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Daly RJ, Scott AM, Klein O, Ernst M. Enhancing therapeutic anti-cancer responses by combining immune checkpoint and tyrosine kinase inhibition. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:189. [PMID: 36175961 PMCID: PMC9523960 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has been established as the standard of care for many types of cancer, but the strategies employed have continued to evolve. Recently, much clinical focus has been on combining targeted therapies with ICI for the purpose of manipulating the immune setpoint. The latter concept describes the equilibrium between factors that promote and those that suppress anti-cancer immunity. Besides tumor mutational load and other cancer cell-intrinsic determinants, the immune setpoint is also governed by the cells of the tumor microenvironment and how they are coerced by cancer cells to support the survival and growth of the tumor. These regulatory mechanisms provide therapeutic opportunities to intervene and reduce immune suppression via application of small molecule inhibitors and antibody-based therapies against (receptor) tyrosine kinases and thereby improve the response to ICIs. This article reviews how tyrosine kinase signaling in the tumor microenvironment can promote immune suppression and highlights how therapeutic strategies directed against specific tyrosine kinases can be used to lower the immune setpoint and elicit more effective anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger J Daly
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 23 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash University, 23 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash University, 23 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, 145 Studley Rd, Melbourne-Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Austin Health, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, 145 Studley Rd, Melbourne-Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - Oliver Klein
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, 145 Studley Rd, Melbourne-Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Monash University, 23 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute and La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, 145 Studley Rd, Melbourne-Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia.
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9
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Roberti A, Chaffey LE, Greaves DR. NF-κB Signaling and Inflammation-Drug Repurposing to Treat Inflammatory Disorders? BIOLOGY 2022; 11:372. [PMID: 35336746 PMCID: PMC8945680 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB is a central mediator of inflammation, response to DNA damage and oxidative stress. As a result of its central role in so many important cellular processes, NF-κB dysregulation has been implicated in the pathology of important human diseases. NF-κB activation causes inappropriate inflammatory responses in diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, modulation of NF-κB signaling is being widely investigated as an approach to treat chronic inflammatory diseases, autoimmunity and cancer. The emergence of COVID-19 in late 2019, the subsequent pandemic and the huge clinical burden of patients with life-threatening SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia led to a massive scramble to repurpose existing medicines to treat lung inflammation in a wide range of healthcare systems. These efforts continue and have proven to be controversial. Drug repurposing strategies are a promising alternative to de novo drug development, as they minimize drug development timelines and reduce the risk of failure due to unexpected side effects. Different experimental approaches have been applied to identify existing medicines which inhibit NF-κB that could be repurposed as anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David R. Greaves
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK; (A.R.); (L.E.C.)
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10
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Li ZY, Sun XY. Recent progress in SRC targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2021; 29:621-627. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v29.i12.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of only 10% and is extremely resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, developing effective therapeutic drugs is urgently needed. SRC is a proto-oncogenic tyrosine protein kinase and highly expressed in more than 70% of PCs. SRC is involved in regulating the proliferation, infiltration, and metastasis of PC cells as well as tumor angiogenesis, thus representing one of the most promising molecular targets for developing novel drugs. Preclinical studies demonstrate that small-molecule SRC inhibitors display significant anti-cancer activities in vitro and in vivo, and have a synergistic effect with conventional chemotherapy drugs against PC. Some SRC inhibitors have been evaluated in clinical trials. This article analyzes the regulatory mechanism of SRC and the recent progress and problems in developing drugs targeting SRC for the treatment of PC. Unfortunately, up to date no SRC inhibitor or regiment containing SRC inhibitors has been approved for the clinical treatment of PC. In the authors' opinion, the introduction of precision medicine principles to carry out SRC inhibitor clinical trials, combination of immunotherapy and SRC inhibitors, seeking more selective and effective SRC inhibitors, and further exploration of the SRC regulatory network may be the future directions for developing SRC-targeted therapies against PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Li
- Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Xue-Ying Sun
- Hepatosplenic Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
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11
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Tracey LJ, An Y, Justice MJ. CyTOF: An Emerging Technology for Single-Cell Proteomics in the Mouse. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e118. [PMID: 33887117 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability to analyze the proteome of single cells is critical for the advancement of studies of steady-state and pathological processes. Mass cytometry, or CyTOF, combines principles of mass spectrometry and flow cytometry to enable single-cell analysis of protein expression. CyTOF can simultaneously assess DNA content and proteins and has the capacity to measure 40 to 100 parameters in each cell. Applying this technology to tissues or cells on slides, termed imaging mass cytometry (IMC), allows for visualization of normal and diseased tissues in situ. The high-dimensional proteomic analysis that can be undertaken with CyTOF and IMC has the potential to enhance our understanding of complex and heterogeneous developmental and disease pathways. This article will describe the CyTOF experimental workflow, including reagent selection, sample preparation, and data analysis. CyTOF is compared to flow cytometry, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of these powerful techniques. Importantly, we review key studies in mouse models of human disease that highlight the strength of CyTOF and IMC to drive discovery research and therapeutic advancement. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Tracey
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yeji An
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Monica J Justice
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Weber EW, Parker KR, Sotillo E, Lynn RC, Anbunathan H, Lattin J, Good Z, Belk JA, Daniel B, Klysz D, Malipatlolla M, Xu P, Bashti M, Heitzeneder S, Labanieh L, Vandris P, Majzner RG, Qi Y, Sandor K, Chen LC, Prabhu S, Gentles AJ, Wandless TJ, Satpathy AT, Chang HY, Mackall CL. Transient rest restores functionality in exhausted CAR-T cells through epigenetic remodeling. Science 2021; 372:eaba1786. [PMID: 33795428 PMCID: PMC8049103 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
T cell exhaustion limits immune responses against cancer and is a major cause of resistance to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapeutics. Using murine xenograft models and an in vitro model wherein tonic CAR signaling induces hallmark features of exhaustion, we tested the effect of transient cessation of receptor signaling, or rest, on the development and maintenance of exhaustion. Induction of rest through enforced down-regulation of the CAR protein using a drug-regulatable system or treatment with the multikinase inhibitor dasatinib resulted in the acquisition of a memory-like phenotype, global transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming, and restored antitumor functionality in exhausted CAR-T cells. This work demonstrates that rest can enhance CAR-T cell efficacy by preventing or reversing exhaustion, and it challenges the notion that exhaustion is an epigenetically fixed state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan W Weber
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kevin R Parker
- Department of Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Elena Sotillo
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rachel C Lynn
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hima Anbunathan
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - John Lattin
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zinaida Good
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Julia A Belk
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bence Daniel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dorota Klysz
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Meena Malipatlolla
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Peng Xu
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Malek Bashti
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sabine Heitzeneder
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Louai Labanieh
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Panayiotis Vandris
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Robbie G Majzner
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yanyan Qi
- Department of Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Katalin Sandor
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ling-Chun Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
| | - Snehit Prabhu
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Andrew J Gentles
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Thomas J Wandless
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ansuman T Satpathy
- Department of Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Department of Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Crystal L Mackall
- Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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13
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Redin E, Garmendia I, Lozano T, Serrano D, Senent Y, Redrado M, Villalba M, De Andrea CE, Exposito F, Ajona D, Ortiz-Espinosa S, Remirez A, Bertolo C, Sainz C, Garcia-Pedrero J, Pio R, Lasarte J, Agorreta J, Montuenga LM, Calvo A. SRC family kinase (SFK) inhibitor dasatinib improves the antitumor activity of anti-PD-1 in NSCLC models by inhibiting Treg cell conversion and proliferation. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-001496. [PMID: 33658304 PMCID: PMC7931761 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of immune-checkpoint inhibitors has drastically improved the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but innate and acquired resistances are hurdles needed to be solved. Immunomodulatory drugs that can reinvigorate the immune cytotoxic activity, in combination with antiprogrammed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody, are a great promise to overcome resistance. We evaluated the impact of the SRC family kinases (SFKs) on NSCLC prognosis, and the immunomodulatory effect of the SFK inhibitor dasatinib, in combination with anti-PD-1, in clinically relevant mouse models of NSCLC. METHODS A cohort of patients from University Clinic of Navarra (n=116) was used to study immune infiltrates by multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) and YES1 protein expression in tumor samples. Publicly available resources (TCGA, Km Plotter, and CIBERSORT) were used to study patient's survival based on expression of SFKs and tumor infiltrates. Syngeneic NSCLC mouse models 393P and UNSCC680AJ were used for in vivo drug testing. RESULTS Among the SFK members, YES1 expression showed the highest association with poor prognosis. Patients with high YES1 tumor levels also showed high infiltration of CD4+/FOXP3+ cells (regulatory T cells (Tregs)), suggesting an immunosuppressive phenotype. After testing for YES1 expression in a panel of murine cell lines, 393P and UNSCC680AJ were selected for in vivo studies. In the 393P model, dasatinib+anti-PD-1 treatment resulted in synergistic activity, with 87% tumor regressions and development of immunological memory that impeded tumor growth when mice were rechallenged. In vivo depletion experiments further showed that CD8+ and CD4+ cells are necessary for the therapeutic effect of the combination. The antitumor activity was accompanied by a very significant decrease in the number of Tregs, which was validated by mIF in tumor sections. In the UNSCC680AJ model, the antitumor effects of dasatinib+anti-PD-1 were milder but similar to the 393P model. In in vitro assays, we demonstrated that dasatinib blocks proliferation and transforming growth factor beta-driven conversion of effector CD4+ cells into Tregs through targeting of phospholymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase and downstream effectors pSTAT5 and pSMAD3. CONCLUSIONS YES1 protein expression is associated with increased numbers of Tregs in patients with NSCLC. Dasatinib synergizes with anti-PD-1 to impair tumor growth in NSCLC experimental models. This study provides the preclinical rationale for the combined use of dasatinib and PD-1/programmed death-ligand 1 blockade to improve outcomes of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Redin
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irati Garmendia
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Teresa Lozano
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Diego Serrano
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Yaiza Senent
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miriam Redrado
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria Villalba
- Department of Pathology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos E De Andrea
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco Exposito
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Ajona
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Ortiz-Espinosa
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Remirez
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Bertolo
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sainz
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juana Garcia-Pedrero
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ruben Pio
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Lasarte
- Immunology and Immunotherapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jackeline Agorreta
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis M Montuenga
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- IDISNA and Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain .,CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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14
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Li JY, Chen YP, Li YQ, Liu N, Ma J. Chemotherapeutic and targeted agents can modulate the tumor microenvironment and increase the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockades. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:27. [PMID: 33541368 PMCID: PMC7863268 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01317-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-based immunotherapy has dramatically changed methods of cancer treatment. This approach triggers a durable treatment response and prolongs patients' survival; however, not all patients can benefit. Accumulating evidence demonstrated that the efficacy of ICB is dependent on a robust antitumor immune response that is usually damaged in most tumors. Conventional chemotherapy and targeted therapy promote the antitumor immune response by increasing the immunogenicity of tumor cells, improving CD8+ T cell infiltration, or inhibiting immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment. Such immunomodulation provides a convincing rationale for the combination therapy of chemotherapeutics and ICBs, and both preclinical and clinical investigations have shown encouraging results. However, the optimal drug combinations, doses, timing, and sequence of administration, all of which affect the immunomodulatory effect of chemotherapeutics, as well as the benefit of combination therapy, are not yet determined. Future studies should focus on these issues and help to develop the optimal combination regimen for each cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Pei Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Qin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Liu Y, Wang J, Zhang J, Marbach S, Xu W, Zhu L. Targeting Tumor-Associated Macrophages by MMP2-Sensitive Apoptotic Body-Mimicking Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:52402-52414. [PMID: 33169982 PMCID: PMC8229024 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a major player in the tumor microenvironment, were recently recognized as a potential therapeutic target. To date, very few anticancer drugs or drug-delivery systems were designed to target the TAMs. Inspired by the "eat me" signal, phosphatidylserine (PS), mediated phagocytic clearance of apoptotic bodies, in this study, the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)-sensitive PS-modified nanoparticles were developed. In the design, the PS is externalized to the nanoparticles' surface only when the nanoparticles reach the MMP2-overexpressing tumor site, allowing for the TAM-specific phagocytosis. The nanoparticles' excellent macrophage/TAM selectivity was observed in various biological models, including various cell lines, coculture cells, coculture cell spheroids, zebrafish, and tumor-bearing mice. The nanoparticles' TAM specificity remarkably enhanced the TAM depletion capability of the loaded model drug, dasatinib, resulting in the improved anticancer activity. The MMP2-sensitive apoptotic body-mimicking nanoparticles might be a promising delivery tool for TAM-centered cancer diagnoses and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University College Station, Kingsville 78363, Texas, United States
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University College Station, Kingsville 78363, Texas, United States
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University College Station, Kingsville 78363, Texas, United States
| | - Sandra Marbach
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi 78412, Texas, United States
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi 78412, Texas, United States
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University College Station, Kingsville 78363, Texas, United States
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16
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Ureshino H, Shindo T, Tanaka H, Saji H, Kimura S. HLA Polymorphisms Are Associated with Treatment-Free Remission Following Discontinuation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 20:142-149. [PMID: 33082274 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Treatment-free remission (TFR) is one of the therapeutic goals for patients with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP). Although previous reports indicated that antitumor immunity contributes to TFR, its determinants are still unclear. We previously reported that allelic polymorphisms of killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are associated with achievement of deep molecular response (DMR) in patients with CML-CP. Here, we examined the association between TFR and polymorphisms of KIRs and HLAs in patients who discontinued tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Seventy-six patients were enrolled, and their KIR and HLA polymorphisms and natural killer (NK) cell activation status were investigated as previously described. Overall, 33 patients discontinued TKIs, and 21 of 33 achieved TFR [63.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 44.9%-77.5%] at 1 year. Multivariate analysis revealed that male sex (HR, 0.157; 95% CI, 0.031-0.804; P = 0.003) and HLA-A*02:01, *11:01, or *24:02 (HR, 6.386; 95% CI, 1.701-23.980; P = 0.006) were associated with TFR. Patients who achieved DMR and discontinued TKIs exhibited higher NK cell activation status than those who did not. By contrast, there were no significant differences in NK cell activation status between the patients who achieved TFR and those who experienced molecular relapse. These results suggest NK cell activation status contributes to achievement of DMR, whereas T-cell-mediated immunity contributes to TFR in patients with CML-CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ureshino
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan. .,Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Takero Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.,Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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17
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Zhang X, Zang X, Qiao M, Zhao X, Hu H, Chen D. Targeted Delivery of Dasatinib to Deplete Tumor-Associated Macrophages by Mannosylated Mixed Micelles for Tumor Immunotherapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5675-5684. [PMID: 33320562 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in tumors and predominately show protumor M2-type fostering tumor progression. Specific depletion of TAMs is conceivably favorable for antitumor therapy. In this study, mannosylated mixed micelles (DAS-MMic) were developed to specifically deliver dasatinib (DAS) to eliminate TAMs for tumor immunotherapy. In vitro and in vivo results showed that DAS-MMic could effectively eradicate TAMs, decrease angiogenesis, reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and finally suppress tumor progression. These data suggest the potential of direct elimination of TAMs by DAS-MMic for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016 PR China
| | - Xinlong Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Mingxi Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016 PR China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016 PR China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016 PR China
| | - Dawei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016 PR China
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18
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Shindo T, Ureshino H, Kojima H, Tanaka H, Kimura S. Allelic polymorphisms of KIRs and antitumor immunity against chronic myeloid leukemia. Immunol Med 2020; 44:61-68. [PMID: 32715973 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2020.1796062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) markedly improved the prognosis of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Approximately 50% of patients who achieve deep molecular response (DMR) remain in treatment-free remission (TFR) even after discontinuation of TKIs. Although TKIs may achieve clinical "cure" after TKI treatment for specific periods, there are no reliable biomarkers for predicting the response to TKIs and the probability of TFR in CML. An increase in natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood of TKI-treated CML patients is correlated with better outcomes, suggesting that TKIs induce antitumor NK cell immunity against CML cells. Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are highly polymorphic NK cell receptors that play important roles in the regulation of immune responses. The identification of allelic polymorphisms of KIRs by next-generation sequencing uncovered novel aspects of KIRs. Here we summarize the current knowledge of the genetic and immunological aspects of KIRs and discuss the association between allelic polymorphisms of KIRs and TKI-treated CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takero Shindo
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ureshino
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | | | | | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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19
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Src Family Tyrosine Kinases in Intestinal Homeostasis, Regeneration and Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082014. [PMID: 32717909 PMCID: PMC7464719 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Src, originally identified as an oncogene, is a membrane-anchored tyrosine kinase and the Src family kinase (SFK) prototype. SFKs regulate the signalling induced by a wide range of cell surface receptors leading to epithelial cell growth and adhesion. In the intestine, the SFK members Src, Fyn and Yes regulate epithelial cell proliferation and migration during tissue regeneration and transformation, thus implicating conserved and specific functions. In patients with colon cancer, SFK activity is a marker of poor clinical prognosis and a potent driver of metastasis formation. These tumorigenic activities are linked to SFK capacity to promote the dissemination and tumour-initiating capacities of epithelial tumour cells. However, it is unclear how SFKs promote colon tumour formation and metastatic progression because SFK-encoding genes are unfrequently mutated in human cancer. Here, we review recent findings on SFK signalling during intestinal homeostasis, regeneration and tumorigenesis. We also describe the key nongenetic mechanisms underlying SFK tumour activities in colorectal cancer, and discuss how these mechanisms could be exploited in therapeutic strategies to target SFK signalling in metastatic colon cancer.
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20
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Barbarin A, Abdallah M, Lefèvre L, Piccirilli N, Cayssials E, Roy L, Gombert JM, Herbelin A. Innate T-αβ lymphocytes as new immunological components of anti-tumoral "off-target" effects of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3245. [PMID: 32094501 PMCID: PMC7039999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors hold great potential as targeted therapy against malignant cells. Among them, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib is known for a number of clinically relevant off-target actions, attributed in part to effects on components of the immune system, especially conventional T-cells and natural killer (NK)-cells. Here, we have hypothesized that dasatinib also influences non-conventional T-αβ cell subsets known for their potential anti-tumoral properties, namely iNKT cells and the distinct new innate CD8 T-cell subset. In mice, where the two subsets were originally characterized, an activated state of iNKT cells associated with a shift toward an iNKT cell Th1-phenotype was observed after dasatinib treatment in vivo. Despite decreased frequency of the total memory CD8 T-cell compartment, the proportion of innate-memory CD8 T-cells and their IFNγ expression in response to an innate-like stimulation increased in response to dasatinib. Lastly, in patients administered with dasatinib for the treatment of BCR-ABL-positive leukemias, we provided the proof of concept that the kinase inhibitor also influences the two innate T-cell subsets in humans, as attested by their increased frequency in the peripheral blood. These data highlight the potential immunostimulatory capacity of dasatinib on innate T-αβ cells, thereby opening new opportunities for chemoimmunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Barbarin
- INSERM, 1082, Poitiers, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | | | | | - Emilie Cayssials
- INSERM, 1082, Poitiers, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Oncologie Hématologique de Thérapie Cellulaire, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,INSERM CIC-1402, Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Lydia Roy
- Service Clinique d'Hématologie, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France.,Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Marc Gombert
- INSERM, 1082, Poitiers, France.,CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.,Service d'Immunologie et Inflammation, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - André Herbelin
- INSERM, 1082, Poitiers, France. .,CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France. .,Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
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21
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Parkin A, Man J, Timpson P, Pajic M. Targeting the complexity of Src signalling in the tumour microenvironment of pancreatic cancer: from mechanism to therapy. FEBS J 2019; 286:3510-3539. [PMID: 31330086 PMCID: PMC6771888 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, a disease with extremely poor prognosis, has been notoriously resistant to virtually all forms of treatment. The dynamic crosstalk that occurs between tumour cells and the surrounding stroma, frequently mediated by intricate Src/FAK signalling, is increasingly recognised as a key player in pancreatic tumourigenesis, disease progression and therapeutic resistance. These important cues are fundamental for defining the invasive potential of pancreatic tumours, and several components of the Src and downstream effector signalling have been proposed as potent anticancer therapeutic targets. Consequently, numerous agents that block this complex network are being extensively investigated as potential antiinvasive and antimetastatic therapeutic agents for this disease. In this review, we will discuss the latest evidence of Src signalling in PDAC progression, fibrotic response and resistance to therapy. We will examine future opportunities for the development and implementation of more effective combination regimens, targeting key components of the oncogenic Src signalling axis, and in the context of a precision medicine-guided approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh Parkin
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreThe Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyAustralia
| | - Jennifer Man
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreThe Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyAustralia
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreThe Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineSt Vincent's Clinical SchoolUniversity of NSWSydneyAustralia
| | - Marina Pajic
- The Kinghorn Cancer CentreThe Garvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyAustralia
- Faculty of MedicineSt Vincent's Clinical SchoolUniversity of NSWSydneyAustralia
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22
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Tu MM, Lee FYF, Jones RT, Kimball AK, Saravia E, Graziano RF, Coleman B, Menard K, Yan J, Michaud E, Chang H, Abdel-Hafiz HA, Rozhok AI, Duex JE, Agarwal N, Chauca-Diaz A, Johnson LK, Ng TL, Cambier JC, Clambey ET, Costello JC, Korman AJ, Theodorescu D. Targeting DDR2 enhances tumor response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav2437. [PMID: 30801016 PMCID: PMC6382401 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav2437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
While a fraction of cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1 show durable therapeutic responses, most remain unresponsive, highlighting the need to better understand and improve these therapies. Using an in vivo screening approach with a customized shRNA pooled library, we identified DDR2 as a leading target for the enhancement of response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Using isogenic in vivo murine models across five different tumor histologies-bladder, breast, colon, sarcoma, and melanoma-we show that DDR2 depletion increases sensitivity to anti-PD-1 treatment compared to monotherapy. Combination treatment of tumor-bearing mice with anti-PD-1 and dasatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of DDR2, led to tumor load reduction. RNA-seq and CyTOF analysis revealed higher CD8+ T cell populations in tumors with DDR2 depletion and those treated with dasatinib when either was combined with anti-PD-1 treatment. Our work provides strong scientific rationale for targeting DDR2 in combination with PD-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M. Tu
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Robert T. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Abigail K. Kimball
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Brianne Coleman
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Jun Yan
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | | | - Han Chang
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lawrenceville, NJ, USA
| | - Hany A. Abdel-Hafiz
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrii I. Rozhok
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jason E. Duex
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Neeraj Agarwal
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ana Chauca-Diaz
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Linda K. Johnson
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Terry L. Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - John C. Cambier
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric T. Clambey
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James C. Costello
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Dan Theodorescu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Corresponding author.
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23
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Chang MC, Cheng HI, Hsu K, Hsu YN, Kao CW, Chang YF, Lim KH, Chen CG. NKG2A Down-Regulation by Dasatinib Enhances Natural Killer Cytotoxicity and Accelerates Effective Treatment Responses in Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3152. [PMID: 30705677 PMCID: PMC6344416 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the presence of t(9;22) chromosomal translocation that results in BCR-ABL fusion gene. ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib, are currently the front-line treatment options for CML. Recently, natural killer (NK) cell activation and expansion have been shown to be associated with optimal treatment responses for CML. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of these TKIs on NK cells, here we characterized activating and inhibitory NK receptors in CD3-CD16+CD56dim NK cells isolated from CML patients in chronic phase (CP). The expressions of activating NK receptors, such as NKG2D, natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR) and DNAM-1, rebounded after successful TKI treatments for CML. In contrast, among the three surveyed inhibitory receptors (NKG2A, KIR2DL1, and KIR3DL1), only the expression of NKG2A was reverted and suppressed to a very low level by dasatinib, and not by imatinib or nilotinib. CML patients treated with dasatinib indeed expressed fewer NKG2A+ NK cells, which send negative signals for induction of NK cytotoxicity. For these dasatinib-treated patients, the duration to reach major molecular response (MMR) was shorter, and significantly correlated with individual's NKG2A+ NK cell number. This clinical relevance to NKG2A was not observed in treatments with imatinib or nilotinib. In line with dasatinib-specific down-regulation of NKG2A, NK cytotoxicity evaluated by the killing assay was also significantly higher in patients treated with dasatinib than in those treated with imatinib or nilotinib. The lower NK cytotoxicity from imatinib or nilotinib treatments could be reverted by NKG2A blockade using anti-NKG2A antibody. Further in vitro experiments revealed mechanistically that dasatinib could inactivate p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and consequently affect nuclear import of GATA-3 and GATA-3 transcriptional activities for NKG2A. Our results highlight the dual effects of dasatinib in direct inhibition of ABL kinase and in immunomodulation through NKG2A down-regulation, contributing to accelerated molecular responses (MR) in CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chin Chang
- Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Cheng
- Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Kate Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Transfusion Medicine & Immunogenetics Laboratories, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ning Hsu
- Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Wei Kao
- GCRC Laboratory, Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Chang
- Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan.,GCRC Laboratory, Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Hong Lim
- Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan.,GCRC Laboratory, Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Caleb Gonshen Chen
- Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan.,GCRC Laboratory, Department of Hematology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
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24
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Immune cell constitution in bone marrow microenvironment predicts outcome in adult ALL. Leukemia 2019; 33:1570-1582. [PMID: 30635636 PMCID: PMC6755974 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0360-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As novel immunological treatments are gaining a foothold in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), it is elemental to examine ALL immunobiology in more detail. We used multiplexed immunohistochemistry (mIHC) to study the immune contexture in adult precursor B cell ALL bone marrow (BM). In addition, we developed a multivariate risk prediction model that stratified a poor survival group based on clinical parameters and mIHC data. We analyzed BM biopsy samples of ALL patients (n = 52) and healthy controls (n = 14) using mIHC with 30 different immunophenotype markers and computerized image analysis. In ALL BM, the proportions of M1-like macrophages, granzyme B+CD57+CD8+ T cells, and CD27+ T cells were decreased, whereas the proportions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and M2-like macrophages were increased. Also, the expression of checkpoint molecules PD1 and CTLA4 was elevated. In the multivariate model, age, platelet count, and the proportion of PD1+TIM3+ double-positive CD4+ T cells differentiated a poor survival group. These results were validated by flow cytometry in a separate cohort (n = 31). In conclusion, the immune cell contexture in ALL BM differs from healthy controls. CD4+PD1+TIM3+ T cells were independent predictors of poor outcome in our multivariate risk model, suggesting that PD1 might serve as an attractive immuno-oncological target in B-ALL.
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25
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Guo K, Bu X, Yang C, Cao X, Bian H, Zhu Q, Zhu J, Zhang D. Treatment Effects of the Second-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Dasatinib on Autoimmune Arthritis. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3133. [PMID: 30687331 PMCID: PMC6335562 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease that primarily manifests as persistent synovitis and progressive joint destruction. Imatinib exhibited a therapeutic effect in murine collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) via selective inhibition tyrosine kinases. The second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib exhibits more durable hematological and cytogenetic effects and more potency compared to imatinib. However, the effect of dasatinib on CIA is poorly understood. The present study investigated the treatment effect of dasatinib on autoimmune arthritis. We demonstrated that dasatinib alleviated arthritis symptoms and histopathological destruction in CIA mice. Dasatinib treatment inhibited the production of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, and promoted the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Dasatinib treatment also suppressed the expression of anti-mouse CII antibodies including total IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG2b, in CIA mice. We further demonstrated that dasatinib inhibited the migration and proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients and promoted FLS apoptosis. The mRNA expression of MMP13, VEGF, FGF, and DKK1 was down-regulated in FLS treated with dasatinib. Our findings suggest that dasatinib exhibited treatment effects on CIA mice and that FLS are an important target cell of dasatinib treatment in autoimmune arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chongfei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaorui Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingsheng Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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26
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Adams HC, Stevenaert F, Krejcik J, Van der Borght K, Smets T, Bald J, Abraham Y, Ceulemans H, Chiu C, Vanhoof G, Usmani SZ, Plesner T, Lonial S, Nijhof I, Lokhorst HM, Mutis T, van de Donk NWCJ, Sasser AK, Casneuf T. High-Parameter Mass Cytometry Evaluation of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated with Daratumumab Demonstrates Immune Modulation as a Novel Mechanism of Action. Cytometry A 2018; 95:279-289. [PMID: 30536810 PMCID: PMC6590645 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Daratumumab is a CD38‐targeted human monoclonal antibody with direct anti‐myeloma cell mechanisms of action. Flow cytometry in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients treated with daratumumab revealed cytotoxic T‐cell expansion and reduction of immune‐suppressive populations, suggesting immune modulation as an additional mechanism of action. Here, we performed an in‐depth analysis of the effects of daratumumab on immune‐cell subpopulations using high‐dimensional mass cytometry. Whole‐blood and bone‐marrow baseline and on‐treatment samples from RRMM patients who participated in daratumumab monotherapy studies (SIRIUS and GEN501) were evaluated with high‐throughput immunophenotyping. In daratumumab‐treated patients, the intensity of CD38 marker expression decreased on many immune cells in SIRIUS whole‐blood samples. Natural killer (NK) cells were depleted with daratumumab, with remaining NK cells showing increased CD69 and CD127, decreased CD45RA, and trends for increased CD25, CD27, and CD137 and decreased granzyme B. Immune‐suppressive population depletion paralleled previous findings, and a newly observed reduction in CD38+ basophils was seen in patients who received monotherapy. After 2 months of daratumumab, the T‐cell population in whole‐blood samples from responders shifted to a CD8 prevalence with higher granzyme B positivity (P = 0.017), suggesting increased killing capacity and supporting monotherapy‐induced CD8+ T‐cell activation. High‐throughput cytometry immune profiling confirms and builds upon previous flow cytometry data, including comparable CD38 marker intensity on plasma cells, NK cells, monocytes, and B/T cells. Interestingly, a shift toward cytolytic granzyme B+ T cells was also observed and supports adaptive responses in patients that may contribute to depth of response. © 2018 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homer C Adams
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Jakub Krejcik
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Hematology, Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | | | - Tina Smets
- Janssen Research & Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jaime Bald
- Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | - Saad Z Usmani
- Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute/Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Torben Plesner
- Department of Hematology, Vejle Hospital and University of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Sagar Lonial
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Inger Nijhof
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk M Lokhorst
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tuna Mutis
- Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Wehrstedt S, Kubis J, Zimmermann A, Bruns H, Mayer D, Grieshober M, Stenger S. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor dasatinib reduces the growth of intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis despite impairing T-cell function. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1892-1903. [PMID: 30242834 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinases are checkpoints for multiple cellular pathways and dysregulation induces malignancies, most notably chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Inhibition of Abl-tyrosine kinases has evolved as a new concept for the treatment of CML and other malignant diseases. Due to the multiple immune-modulatory pathways controlled by tyrosine kinases, treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) will not only affect the biology of malignant cells but also modulate physiological immune functions. To understand the effects of TKIs on host defense against intracellular bacteria, we investigated the immunological impact of the dual Abl/Src TKI dasatinib on the cellular immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Our results demonstrate that dasatinib impaired proliferation, cytokine release (IFN-γ, TNF-α, GM-CSF), expression of granulysin and degranulation of cytotoxic effector molecules of human Mtb-specific T-lymphocytes by inhibition of lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck) phosphorylation. Despite this profound inhibition of T-cell function, dasatinib suppressed growth of virulent Mtb in human macrophages co-cultured with autologous Mtb-specific T-cells (49±15%). Functional analysis suggested that growth inhibition is due to dasatinib-triggered lysosomal acidification in Mtb-infected macrophages. These results highlight the significance of innate immune responses, i.e. acidification of lysosomes, which control the multiplication of intracellular bacteria despite the lack of efficient T-cell support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Wehrstedt
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Kubis
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Heiko Bruns
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Mayer
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Mark Grieshober
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
| | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Hospital Ulm, Germany
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28
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Brück O, Blom S, Dufva O, Turkki R, Chheda H, Ribeiro A, Kovanen P, Aittokallio T, Koskenvesa P, Kallioniemi O, Porkka K, Pellinen T, Mustjoki S. Immune cell contexture in the bone marrow tumor microenvironment impacts therapy response in CML. Leukemia 2018; 32:1643-1656. [DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Cutaneous Melanoma-A Long Road from Experimental Models to Clinical Outcome: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061566. [PMID: 29795011 PMCID: PMC6032347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is a complex disorder characterized by an elevated degree of heterogeneity, features that place it among the most aggressive types of cancer. Although significant progress was recorded in both the understanding of melanoma biology and genetics, and in therapeutic approaches, this malignancy still represents a major problem worldwide due to its high incidence and the lack of a curative treatment for advanced stages. This review offers a survey of the most recent information available regarding the melanoma epidemiology, etiology, and genetic profile. Also discussed was the topic of cutaneous melanoma murine models outlining the role of these models in understanding the molecular pathways involved in melanoma initiation, progression, and metastasis.
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30
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Ureshino H, Shindo T, Kojima H, Kusunoki Y, Miyazaki Y, Tanaka H, Saji H, Kawaguchi A, Kimura S. Allelic Polymorphisms of KIRs and HLAs Predict Favorable Responses to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in CML. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:745-754. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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31
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Robison NJ, Yeo KK, Berliner AP, Malvar J, Sheard MA, Margol AS, Seeger RC, Rushing T, Finlay JL, Sposto R, Dhall G. Phase I trial of dasatinib, lenalidomide, and temozolomide in children with relapsed or refractory central nervous system tumors. J Neurooncol 2018; 138:199-207. [PMID: 29427149 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Single agent studies targeting the tumor microenvironment in central nervous system (CNS) tumors have largely been disappointing. Combination therapies targeting various pathways and cell types may be a more effective strategy. In this phase I study, we evaluated the combination of dasatinib, lenalidomide, and temozolomide in children with relapsed or refractory primary CNS tumors. Patients 1-21 years old with relapsed or refractory CNS tumors were eligible. Starting doses of dasatinib and lenalidomide were 65 mg/m2/dose twice daily and 55 mg/m2 once daily, respectively, while temozolomide was constant at 75 mg/m2 daily. The study followed a 3 + 3 phase I design, with a 4-week dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) evaluation period. Serial peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were evaluated in consenting patients. Fifteen patients were enrolled and thirteen were DLT-evaluable. DLTs occurred in 5 patients, including somnolence and confusion (1 patient), hypokalemia (1 patient) and thrombocytopenia (3 patients). The maximum tolerated dose for the combination was dasatinib 65 mg/m2 twice daily, lenalidomide 40 mg/m2 daily, and temozolomide 75 mg/m2 daily, for 21 days followed by 7 days rest in repeating 28-day cycles. Transient increases in natural killer effector cells and cytotoxic T-cells were seen after 1 week of treatment. One out of six response-evaluable patients showed a partial response. The combination was feasible and relatively well tolerated in this heavily pre-treated population. The most common toxicities were hematologic. Preliminary evidence of clinical benefit was seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Robison
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA. .,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Kee Kiat Yeo
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adrian P Berliner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jemily Malvar
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Sheard
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ashley S Margol
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Teresa Rushing
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan L Finlay
- Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Richard Sposto
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Girish Dhall
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, MS #54, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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32
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Mavropoulos A, Allo B, He M, Park E, Majonis D, Ornatsky O. Simultaneous Detection of Protein and mRNA in Jurkat and KG-1a Cells by Mass Cytometry. Cytometry A 2017; 91:1200-1208. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mingxiao He
- Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Inc.; Newark California
| | - Emily Park
- Advanced Cell Diagnostics, Inc.; Newark California
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33
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Kreutzman A, Colom-Fernández B, Jiménez AM, Ilander M, Cuesta-Mateos C, Pérez-García Y, Arévalo CD, Brück O, Hakanen H, Saarela J, Ortega-Carrión A, de Rosendo A, Juanes-García A, Steegmann JL, Mustjoki S, Vicente-Manzanares M, Muñoz-Calleja C. Dasatinib Reversibly Disrupts Endothelial Vascular Integrity by Increasing Non-Muscle Myosin II Contractility in a ROCK-Dependent Manner. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6697-6707. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Pandey R, Kapur R. Kinase inhibitors in clinical practice: An expanding world. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:522-524. [PMID: 28801197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind
| | - Reuben Kapur
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind; Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Ind.
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