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Ghosh S, Dutta R, Ghatak D, Goswami D, De R. Immunometabolic characteristics of Dendritic Cells and its significant modulation by mitochondria-associated signaling in the tumor microenvironment influence cancer progression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 726:150268. [PMID: 38909531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) mediated T-cell responses is critical to anti-tumor immunity. This study explores immunometabolic attributes of DC, emphasizing on mitochondrial association, in Tumor Microenvironment (TME) that regulate cancer progression. Conventional DC subtypes cross-present tumor-associated antigens to activate lymphocytes. However, plasmacytoid DCs participate in both pro- and anti-tumor signaling where mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) play crucial role. CTLA-4, CD-47 and other surface-receptors of DC negatively regulates T-cell. Increased glycolysis-mediated mitochondrial citrate buildup and translocation to cytosol with augmented NADPH, enhances mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis fueling DCs. Different DC subtypes and stages, exhibit variable mitochondrial content, membrane potential, structural dynamics and bioenergetic metabolism regulated by various cytokine stimulation, e.g., GM-CSF, IL-4, etc. CD8α+ cDC1s augmented oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) which diminishes at advance effector stages. Glutaminolysis in mitochondria supplement energy in DCs but production of kynurenine and other oncometabolites leads to immunosuppression. Mitochondria-associated DAMPs cause activation of cGAS-STING pathway and inflammasome oligomerization stimulating DC and T cells. In this study, through a comprehensive survey and critical analysis of the latest literature, the potential of DC metabolism for more effective tumor therapy is highlighted. This underscores the need for future research to explore specific therapeutic targets and potential drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayak Ghosh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Rittick Dutta
- Swami Vivekananda University, Kolkata, 700121, West Bengal, India
| | - Debapriya Ghatak
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Devyani Goswami
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Rudranil De
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Kolkata, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, 700135, West Bengal, India.
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2
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Chen J, Duan Y, Che J, Zhu J. Dysfunction of dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024. [PMID: 39051512 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) comprise diverse cell populations that play critical roles in antigen presentation and triggering immune responses in the body. However, several factors impair the immune function of DCs and may promote immune evasion in cancer. Understanding the mechanism of DC dysfunction and the diverse functions of heterogeneous DCs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical for designing effective strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Clinical applications targeting DCs summarized in this report aim to improve immune infiltration and enhance the biological function of DCs to modulate the TME to prevent cancer cells from evading the immune system. Herein, factors in the TME that induce DC dysfunction, such as cytokines, hypoxic environment, tumor exosomes and metabolites, and co-inhibitory molecules, have been described. Furthermore, several key signaling pathways involved in DC dysfunction and signal-relevant drugs evaluated in clinical trials were identified. Finally, this review provides an overview of current clinical immunotherapies targeting DCs, especially therapies with proven clinical outcomes, and explores future developments in DC immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Jecho Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuhang Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junye Che
- Jecho Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Jecho Institute Co., Ltd, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Cell & Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, Beijing, P. R. China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, P. R. China
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3
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Chen C, Han P, Qing Y. Metabolic heterogeneity in tumor microenvironment - A novel landmark for immunotherapy. Autoimmun Rev 2024:103579. [PMID: 39004158 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The surrounding non-cancer cells and tumor cells that make up the tumor microenvironment (TME) have various metabolic rhythms. TME metabolic heterogeneity is influenced by the intricate network of metabolic control within and between cells. DNA, protein, transport, and microbial levels are important regulators of TME metabolic homeostasis. The effectiveness of immunotherapy is also closely correlated with alterations in TME metabolism. The response of a tumor patient to immunotherapy is influenced by a variety of variables, including intracellular metabolic reprogramming, metabolic interaction between cells, ecological changes within and between tumors, and general dietary preferences. Although immunotherapy and targeted therapy have made great strides, their use in the accurate identification and treatment of tumors still has several limitations. The function of TME metabolic heterogeneity in tumor immunotherapy is summarized in this article. It focuses on how metabolic heterogeneity develops and is regulated as a tumor progresses, the precise molecular mechanisms and potential clinical significance of imbalances in intracellular metabolic homeostasis and intercellular metabolic coupling and interaction, as well as the benefits and drawbacks of targeted metabolism used in conjunction with immunotherapy. This offers insightful knowledge and important implications for individualized tumor patient diagnosis and treatment plans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Han
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yanping Qing
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Cheng Y, He J, Zuo B, He Y. Role of lipid metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:206. [PMID: 38833109 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), an aggressive malignancy with a dismal prognosis, poses a significant public health challenge. Recent research has highlighted the crucial role of lipid metabolism in HCC development, with enhanced lipid synthesis and uptake contributing to the rapid proliferation and tumorigenesis of cancer cells. Lipids, primarily synthesized and utilized in the liver, play a critical role in the pathological progression of various cancers, particularly HCC. Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, an essential adaptation to the tumor microenvironment (TME), with fatty acid metabolism emerging as a key player in this process. This review delves into intricate interplay between HCC and lipid metabolism, focusing on four key areas: de novo lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, dysregulated lipid metabolism of immune cells in the TME, and therapeutic strategies targeting fatty acid metabolism for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Cheng
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Bin Zuo
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Yang He
- MOE Engineering Center of Hematological Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China.
- MOH Key Lab of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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5
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Su F, Koeberle A. Regulation and targeting of SREBP-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:673-708. [PMID: 38036934 PMCID: PMC11156753 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing burden on global public health and is associated with enhanced lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake, and lipid metabolic reprogramming. De novo lipogenesis is under the control of the transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and essentially contributes to HCC progression. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the regulation of SREBP-1 isoforms in HCC based on cellular, animal, and clinical data. Specifically, we (i) address the overarching mechanisms for regulating SREBP-1 transcription, proteolytic processing, nuclear stability, and transactivation and (ii) critically discuss their impact on HCC, taking into account (iii) insights from pharmacological approaches. Emphasis is placed on cross-talk with the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt)-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase A (PKA), and other kinases that directly phosphorylate SREBP-1; transcription factors, such as liver X receptor (LXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1 (PGC-1), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs), and Myc; epigenetic mechanisms; post-translational modifications of SREBP-1; and SREBP-1-regulatory metabolites such as oxysterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids. By carefully scrutinizing the role of SREBP-1 in HCC development, progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance, we shed light on the potential of SREBP-1-targeting strategies in HCC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengting Su
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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6
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Hu N, Li H, Tao C, Xiao T, Rong W. The Role of Metabolic Reprogramming in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Mechanisms and Opportunities for Immunotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5584. [PMID: 38891772 PMCID: PMC11171976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As one of the emerging hallmarks of tumorigenesis and tumor progression, metabolic remodeling is common in the tumor microenvironment. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of global tumor-related mortality, causing a series of metabolic alterations in response to nutrient availability and consumption to fulfill the demands of biosynthesis and carcinogenesis. Despite the efficacy of immunotherapy in treating HCC, the response rate remains unsatisfactory. Recently, research has focused on metabolic reprogramming and its effects on the immune state of the tumor microenvironment, and immune response rate. In this review, we delineate the metabolic reprogramming observed in HCC and its influence on the tumor immune microenvironment. We discuss strategies aimed at enhancing response rates and overcoming immune resistance through metabolic interventions, focusing on targeting glucose, lipid, or amino acid metabolism, as well as systemic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (N.H.); (H.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (N.H.); (H.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Changcheng Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (N.H.); (H.L.); (C.T.)
| | - Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Weiqi Rong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China; (N.H.); (H.L.); (C.T.)
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7
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Liu K, Wu C, Zhu M, Xu J, Lin B, Lin H, Liu Z, Li M. Structural characteristics of alpha-fetoprotein, including N-glycosylation, metal ion and fatty acid binding sites. Commun Biol 2024; 7:505. [PMID: 38678117 PMCID: PMC11055904 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a serum glycoprotein, is expressed during embryonic development and the pathogenesis of liver cancer. It serves as a clinical tumor marker, function as a carcinogen, immune suppressor, and transport vehicle; but the detailed AFP structural information has not yet been reported. In this study, we used single-particle cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM) to analyze the structure of the recombinant AFP obtained a 3.31 Å cryo-EM structure and built an atomic model of AFP. We observed and identified certain structural features of AFP, including N-glycosylation at Asn251, four natural fatty acids bound to distinct domains, and the coordination of metal ions by residues His22, His264, His268, and Asp280. Furthermore, we compared the structural similarities and differences between AFP and human serum albumin. The elucidation of AFP's structural characteristics not only contributes to a deeper understanding of its functional mechanisms, but also provides a structural basis for developing AFP-based drug vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Cang Wu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Junnv Xu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570023, Hainan, PR China
| | - Bo Lin
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Haifeng Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570023, Hainan, PR China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China.
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China.
- Institution of Tumor, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570102, Hainan, PR China.
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8
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Turpin R, Liu R, Munne PM, Peura A, Rannikko JH, Philips G, Boeckx B, Salmelin N, Hurskainen E, Suleymanova I, Aung J, Vuorinen EM, Lehtinen L, Mutka M, Kovanen PE, Niinikoski L, Meretoja TJ, Mattson J, Mustjoki S, Saavalainen P, Goga A, Lambrechts D, Pouwels J, Hollmén M, Klefström J. Respiratory complex I regulates dendritic cell maturation in explant model of human tumor immune microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008053. [PMID: 38604809 PMCID: PMC11015234 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining cytotoxic chemotherapy or novel anticancer drugs with T-cell modulators holds great promise in treating advanced cancers. However, the response varies depending on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Therefore, there is a clear need for pharmacologically tractable models of the TIME to dissect its influence on mono- and combination treatment response at the individual level. METHODS Here we establish a patient-derived explant culture (PDEC) model of breast cancer, which retains the immune contexture of the primary tumor, recapitulating cytokine profiles and CD8+T cell cytotoxic activity. RESULTS We explored the immunomodulatory action of a synthetic lethal BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax+metformin drug combination ex vivo, discovering metformin cannot overcome the lymphocyte-depleting action of venetoclax. Instead, metformin promotes dendritic cell maturation through inhibition of mitochondrial complex I, increasing their capacity to co-stimulate CD4+T cells and thus facilitating antitumor immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our results establish PDECs as a feasible model to identify immunomodulatory functions of anticancer drugs in the context of patient-specific TIME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turpin
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ruixian Liu
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina M Munne
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aino Peura
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Bram Boeckx
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natasha Salmelin
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Hurskainen
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilida Suleymanova
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - July Aung
- University of Helsinki Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Minna Mutka
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panu E Kovanen
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Niinikoski
- Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo J Meretoja
- Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Mattson
- Department of oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- TRIMM, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Andrei Goga
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Jeroen Pouwels
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Juha Klefström
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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9
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Lu Y, Lin B, Li M. The role of alpha-fetoprotein in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1363695. [PMID: 38660138 PMCID: PMC11039944 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1363695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent malignant cancer worldwide, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a glycoprotein synthesized by the liver and yolk sac during fetal development. However, the serum levels of AFP exhibit a significant correlation with the onset and progression of HCC in adults. Extensive research has demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the malignant transformation of HCC, and AFP is a key factor in the TME, promoting HCC development. The objective of this review was to analyze the existing knowledge regarding the role of AFP in the TME. Specifically, this review focused on the effect of AFP on various cells in the TME, tumor immune evasion, and clinical application of AFP in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. These findings offer valuable insights into the clinical treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Bo Lin
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Institution of Tumor, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China
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10
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Ignatova TN, Chaitin HJ, Kukekov NV, Suslov ON, Dulatova GI, Hanafy KA, Vrionis FD. Gliomagenesis is orchestrated by the Oct3/4 regulatory network. J Neurosurg Sci 2024; 68:148-156. [PMID: 34342203 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.21.05437-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal brain tumor characterized by developmental hierarchical phenotypic heterogeneity, therapy resistance and recurrent growth. Neural stem cells (NSCs) from human central nervous system (CNS), and glioblastoma stem cells from patient-derived GBM (pdGSC) samples were cultured in both 2D well-plate and 3D monoclonal neurosphere culture system (pdMNCS). The pdMNCS model shows promise to establish a relevant 3D-tumor environment that maintains GBM cells in the stem cell phase within suspended neurospheres. METHODS Utilizing the pdMNCS, we examined GBM cell-lines for a wide spectrum of developmental cancer stem cell markers, including the early blastocyst inner-cell mass (ICM)-specific Nanog, Oct3/4,B, and CD133. RESULTS We observed that MNCS epigenotype is recapitulated using gliomasphere-derived cells. CD133, the marker of GSC is robustly expressed in 3D-gliomaspheres and localized within the plasma membrane compartment. Conversely, gliomasphere cultures grown in conventional 2D culture quickly lost CD133 expression, indicating its variable expression is dependent on cell-culture conditions. Incomplete differentiation of cytoskeleton microtubules and intermediate filaments (IFs) of patient derived cells, similar to commercially available GBM cell lines, was seen. Subsequently, in order to determine whether Oct3/4 it was necessary for CD133 expression and cancer stemness, we transfected 2D and 3D culture with siRNA against Oct3/4 and found a significant reduction in gliomasphere formation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that expression of Oct3/4,A- and CD133 suppress differentiation of GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana N Ignatova
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
- Marcus Neuroscience Institute, Boca Raton Regional Hospital and Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Hersh J Chaitin
- College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Nickolay V Kukekov
- Department of Pathology and Center for Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oleg N Suslov
- McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Galina I Dulatova
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Khalid A Hanafy
- Marcus Neuroscience Institute, Boca Raton Regional Hospital and Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Frank D Vrionis
- Marcus Neuroscience Institute, Boca Raton Regional Hospital and Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA -
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11
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Wang X, Yuan Z, Li Z, He X, Zhang Y, Wang X, Su J, Wu X, Li M, Du F, Chen Y, Deng S, Zhao Y, Shen J, Yi T, Xiao Z. Key oncogenic signaling pathways affecting tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma: basic principles and recent advances. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354313. [PMID: 38426090 PMCID: PMC10902128 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks first among primary liver cancers, and its mortality rate exhibits a consistent annual increase. The treatment of HCC has witnessed a significant surge in recent years, with the emergence of targeted immune therapy as an adjunct to early surgical resection. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) has shown promising results in other types of solid tumors. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate interactions between different types of TILs and their impact on HCC, elucidate strategies for targeting neoantigens through TILs, and address the challenges encountered in TIL therapies along with potential solutions. Furthermore, this article specifically examines the impact of oncogenic signaling pathways activation within the HCC tumor microenvironment on the infiltration dynamics of TILs. Additionally, a concise overview is provided regarding TIL preparation techniques and an update on clinical trials investigating TIL-based immunotherapy in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zijun Yuan
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhengbo Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Longmatan District People’s Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinyu He
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yinping Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiahong Su
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuai Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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12
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Wu Y, Pu X, Wang X, Xu M. Reprogramming of lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment: a strategy for tumor immunotherapy. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:35. [PMID: 38302980 PMCID: PMC10832245 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism in cancer cells has garnered increasing attention in recent decades. Cancer cells thrive in hypoxic conditions, nutrient deficiency, and oxidative stress and cannot be separated from alterations in lipid metabolism. Therefore, cancer cells exhibit increased lipid metabolism, lipid uptake, lipogenesis and storage to adapt to a progressively challenging environment, which contribute to their rapid growth. Lipids aid cancer cell activation. Cancer cells absorb lipids with the help of transporter and translocase proteins to obtain energy. Abnormal levels of a series of lipid synthases contribute to the over-accumulation of lipids in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Lipid reprogramming plays an essential role in the TME. Lipids are closely linked to several immune cells and their phenotypic transformation. The reprogramming of tumor lipid metabolism further promotes immunosuppression, which leads to immune escape. This event significantly affects the progression, treatment, recurrence, and metastasis of cancer. Therefore, the present review describes alterations in the lipid metabolism of immune cells in the TME and examines the connection between lipid metabolism and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Pu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China.
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu University Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 438 Jiefang Road, Jingkou, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212001, P. R. China.
- Digestive Disease Research Institute of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Pandey S, Cholak ME, Yadali R, Sosman JA, Tetreault MP, Fang D, Pollack SM, Gnjatic S, Obeng RC, Lyerly HK, Sonabend AM, Guevara-Patiño JA, Butterfield LH, Zhang B, Maecker HT, Le Poole IC. Immune Assessment Today: Optimizing and Standardizing Efforts to Monitor Immune Responses in Cancer and Beyond. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:475. [PMID: 38339227 PMCID: PMC10854499 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As part of a symposium, current and former directors of Immune Monitoring cores and investigative oncologists presented insights into the past, present and future of immune assessment. Dr. Gnjatic presented a classification of immune monitoring technologies ranging from universally applicable to experimental protocols, while emphasizing the need for assay harmonization. Dr. Obeng discussed physiologic differences among CD8 T cells that align with anti-tumor responses. Dr. Lyerly presented the Soldano Ferrone lecture, commemorating the passionate tumor immunologist who inspired many, and covered a timeline of monitoring technology development and its importance to immuno-oncology. Dr. Sonabend presented recent achievements in glioblastoma treatment, accentuating the range of monitoring techniques that allowed him to refine patient selection for clinical trials. Dr. Guevara-Patiño focused on hypoxia within the tumor environment and stressed that T cell viability is not to be confused with functionality. Dr. Butterfield accentuated monitoring of dendritic cell metabolic (dys)function as a determinant for tumor vaccine success. Lectures were interspersed with select abstract presentations. To summarize the concepts, Dr. Maecker from Stanford led an informative forum discussion, pointing towards the future of immune monitoring. Immune monitoring continues to be a guiding light towards effective immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Pandey
- Immunotherapy Assessment Core, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.P.); (M.E.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Meghan E. Cholak
- Immunotherapy Assessment Core, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.P.); (M.E.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Rishita Yadali
- Immunotherapy Assessment Core, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.P.); (M.E.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.)
| | - Jeffrey A. Sosman
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.A.S.); (M.-P.T.); (D.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Marie-Pier Tetreault
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.A.S.); (M.-P.T.); (D.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Deyu Fang
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.A.S.); (M.-P.T.); (D.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Seth M. Pollack
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.A.S.); (M.-P.T.); (D.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Rebecca C. Obeng
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - H. Kim Lyerly
- Center for Applied Therapeutics, Duke Cancer Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Adam M. Sonabend
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.A.S.); (M.-P.T.); (D.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.M.S.)
| | | | - Lisa H. Butterfield
- Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Immunotherapy Assessment Core, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.P.); (M.E.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.)
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.A.S.); (M.-P.T.); (D.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.M.S.)
| | - Holden T. Maecker
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - I. Caroline Le Poole
- Immunotherapy Assessment Core, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (S.P.); (M.E.C.); (R.Y.); (B.Z.)
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.A.S.); (M.-P.T.); (D.F.); (S.M.P.); (A.M.S.)
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14
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Zhang S, Lv K, Liu Z, Zhao R, Li F. Fatty acid metabolism of immune cells: a new target of tumour immunotherapy. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:39. [PMID: 38245525 PMCID: PMC10799907 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01807-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic competition between tumour cells and immune cells for limited nutrients is an important feature of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and is closely related to the outcome of tumour immune escape. A large number of studies have proven that tumour cells need metabolic reprogramming to cope with acidification and hypoxia in the TME while increasing energy uptake to support their survival. Among them, synthesis, oxidation and uptake of fatty acids (FAs) in the TME are important manifestations of lipid metabolic adaptation. Although different immune cell subsets often show different metabolic characteristics, various immune cell functions are closely related to fatty acids, including providing energy, providing synthetic materials and transmitting signals. In the face of the current situation of poor therapeutic effects of tumour immunotherapy, combined application of targeted immune cell fatty acid metabolism seems to have good therapeutic potential, which is blocked at immune checkpoints. Combined application of adoptive cell therapy and cancer vaccines is reflected. Therefore, it is of great interest to explore the role of fatty acid metabolism in immune cells to discover new strategies for tumour immunotherapy and improve anti-tumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kebing Lv
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fei Li
- Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Nanchang, China.
- Institute of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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15
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Adamik J, Munson PV, Maurer DM, Hartmann FJ, Bendall SC, Argüello RJ, Butterfield LH. Immuno-metabolic dendritic cell vaccine signatures associate with overall survival in vaccinated melanoma patients. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7211. [PMID: 37938561 PMCID: PMC10632482 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficacy of cancer vaccines remains low and mechanistic understanding of antigen presenting cell function in cancer may improve vaccine design and outcomes. Here, we analyze the transcriptomic and immune-metabolic profiles of Dendritic Cells (DCs) from 35 subjects enrolled in a trial of DC vaccines in late-stage melanoma (NCT01622933). Multiple platforms identify metabolism as an important biomarker of DC function and patient overall survival (OS). We demonstrate multiple immune and metabolic gene expression pathway alterations, a functional decrease in OCR/OXPHOS and increase in ECAR/glycolysis in patient vaccines. To dissect molecular mechanisms, we utilize single cell SCENITH functional profiling and show patient clinical outcomes (OS) correlate with DC metabolic profile, and that metabolism is linked to immune phenotype. With single cell metabolic regulome profiling, we show that MCT1 (monocarboxylate transporter-1), a lactate transporter, is increased in patient DCs, as is glucose uptake and lactate secretion. Importantly, pre-vaccination circulating myeloid cells in patients used as precursors for DC vaccine generation are significantly skewed metabolically as are several DC subsets. Together, we demonstrate that the metabolic profile of DC is tightly associated with the immunostimulatory potential of DC vaccines from cancer patients. We link phenotypic and functional metabolic changes to immune signatures that correspond to suppressed DC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Adamik
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, 94129, USA
| | - Paul V Munson
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, 94129, USA
| | - Deena M Maurer
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, 94129, USA
| | - Felix J Hartmann
- Systems Immunology and Single-Cell Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sean C Bendall
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Rafael J Argüello
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Lisa H Butterfield
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, 94129, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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16
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Gao X, Zuo S. Immune landscape and immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: focus on innate and adaptive immune cells. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:1881-1899. [PMID: 36773210 PMCID: PMC10543580 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is responsible for roughly 90% of all cases of primary liver cancer, and the cases are on the rise. The treatment of advanced HCC is a serious challenge. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has marked a watershed moment in the history of HCC systemic treatment. Atezolizumab in combination with bevacizumab has been approved as a first-line treatment for advanced HCC since 2020; however, the combination therapy is only effective in a limited percentage of patients. Considering that the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) has a great impact on immunotherapies for HCC, an in-depth understanding of the immune landscape in tumors and the current immunotherapeutic approaches is extremely necessary. We elaborate on the features, functions, and cross talk of the innate and adaptive immune cells in HCC and highlight the benefits and drawbacks of various immunotherapies for advanced HCC, as well as future projections. HCC consists of a heterogeneous group of cancers with distinct etiologies and immune microenvironments. Almost all the components of innate and adaptive immune cells in HCC have altered, showing a decreasing trend in the number of tumor suppressor cells and an increasing trend in the pro-cancer cells, and there is also cross talk between various cell types. Various immunotherapies for HCC have also shown promising efficacy and application prospect. There are multilayered interwoven webs among various immune cell types in HCC, and emerging evidence demonstrates the promising prospect of immunotherapeutic approaches for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shi Zuo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No. 28, Guiyi Street, Guiyang, 550000, Guizhou, China.
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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17
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Liu X, Yu P, Xu Y, Wang Y, Chen J, Tang F, Hu Z, Zhou J, Liu L, Qiu W, Ye Y, Jia Y, Yao W, Long J, Zeng Z. Metformin induces tolerogenicity of dendritic cells by promoting metabolic reprogramming. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:283. [PMID: 37688662 PMCID: PMC10492886 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04932-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) can mediate immune responses or immune tolerance depending on their immunophenotype and functional status. Remodeling of DCs' immune functions can develop proper therapeutic regimens for different immune-mediated diseases. In the immunopathology of autoimmune diseases (ADs), activated DCs notably promote effector T-cell polarization and exacerbate the disease. Recent evidence indicates that metformin can attenuate the clinical symptoms of ADs due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Whether and how the therapeutic effects of metformin on ADs are associated with DCs remain unknown. In this study, metformin was added to a culture system of LPS-induced DC maturation. The results revealed that metformin shifted DC into a tolerant phenotype, resulting in reduced surface expression of MHC-II, costimulatory molecules and CCR7, decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ), increased level of IL-10, upregulated immunomodulatory molecules (ICOSL and PD-L) and an enhanced capacity to promote regulatory T-cell (Treg) differentiation. Further results demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin in vivo were closely related to remodeling the immunophenotype of DCs. Mechanistically, metformin could mediate the metabolic reprogramming of DCs through FoxO3a signaling pathways, including disturbing the balance of fatty acid synthesis (FAS) and fatty acid oxidation (FAO), increasing glycolysis but inhibiting the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TAC) and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), which resulted in the accumulation of fatty acids (FAs) and lactic acid, as well as low anabolism in DCs. Our findings indicated that metformin could induce tolerance in DCs by reprogramming their metabolic patterns and play anti-inflammatory roles in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianmei Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujun Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuzhou Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuquan Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions & Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuannong Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijuan Yao
- Hemorheology Center, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinhua Long
- Department of Head & Neck, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhu Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province/Engineering Center of Cellular Immunotherapy in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Functions & Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Xu Y, Zhang X, Zhang R, Sun Y, Liu J, Luo C, Yang J, Fang W, Guo Q, Wei L. AFP deletion leads to anti-tumorigenic but pro-metastatic roles in liver cancers with concomitant CTNNB1 mutations. Cancer Lett 2023; 566:216240. [PMID: 37217071 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
HCC remains one of the most prevalent and deadliest cancers. Serum AFP level is a biomarker for clinical diagnosis of HCC, instead the contribution of AFP to HCC development is clearly highly complex. Here, we discussed the effect of AFP deletion in the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. AFP deletion in HepG2 cells inhibited the cell proliferation by inactivating PI3K/AKT signaling. Surprisingly, AFP KO HepG2 cells appeared the increasing metastatic capacity and EMT phenotype, which was attributed to the activation of WNT5A/β-catenin signal. Further studies revealed that the activating mutations of CTNNB1 was closely related with the unconventional pro-metastatic roles of AFP deletion. Consistently, the results of DEN/CCl4-induced HCC mouse model also suggested that AFP knockout suppressed the growth of HCC primary tumors, but promoted lung metastasis. Despite the discordant effect of AFP deletion in HCC progression, a drug candidate named OA showed the potent suppression of HCC tumor growth by interrupting AFP-PTEN interaction and, importantly, reduced the lung metastasis of HCC via angiogenesis suppression. Thus, this study demonstrates an unconventional effect of AFP in HCC progression, and suggests a potent candidate strategy for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Tripod Preclinincal Research Laboratories Co., Ltd., No. 9 Xinglong Road, Nanjing, 211800, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuening Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengju Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Libin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Głowska-Ciemny J, Szymański M, Kuszerska A, Malewski Z, von Kaisenberg C, Kocyłowski R. The Role of Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) in Contemporary Oncology: The Path from a Diagnostic Biomarker to an Anticancer Drug. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032539. [PMID: 36768863 PMCID: PMC9917199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This article presents contemporary opinion on the role of alpha-fetoprotein in oncologic diagnostics and treatment. This role stretches far beyond the already known one-that of the biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma. The turn of the 20th and 21st centuries saw a significant increase in knowledge about the fundamental role of AFP in the neoplastic processes, and in the induction of features of malignance and drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma. The impact of AFP on the creation of an immunosuppressive environment for the developing tumor was identified, giving rise to attempts at immunotherapy. The paper presents current and prospective therapies using AFP and its derivatives and the gene therapy options. We directed our attention to both the benefits and risks associated with the use of AFP in oncologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Głowska-Ciemny
- PreMediCare New Med Medical Center, ul. Czarna Rola 21, 61-625 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.G.-C.); (R.K.)
| | - Marcin Szymański
- PreMediCare New Med Medical Center, ul. Czarna Rola 21, 61-625 Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Kuszerska
- PreMediCare New Med Medical Center, ul. Czarna Rola 21, 61-625 Poznań, Poland
| | - Zbyszko Malewski
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznań, Poland
| | - Constantin von Kaisenberg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rafał Kocyłowski
- PreMediCare New Med Medical Center, ul. Czarna Rola 21, 61-625 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.G.-C.); (R.K.)
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20
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Adamik J, Butterfield LH. What’s next for cancer vaccines. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabo4632. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer vaccines have been shown clinically to drive tumor-reactive cell activation, proliferation, and effector function. Unfortunately, tumor eradication by treatment with cancer vaccines has been unsuccessful in many patients. Critical steps are under way to improve vaccine efficacy and combine them with immunotherapy and standard-of-care treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Adamik
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, Suite D3500, 1 Letterman Drive, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
| | - Lisa H. Butterfield
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, Suite D3500, 1 Letterman Drive, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
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21
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The NQO1/p53/SREBP1 axis promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and metastasis by regulating Snail stability. Oncogene 2022; 41:5107-5120. [PMID: 36253445 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and its abnormal metabolism affects the survival and prognosis of patients. Recent studies have found that NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) played an important role in tumor metabolism and malignant progression. However, the molecular mechanisms by which NQO1 regulates lipid metabolism during HCC progression remain unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical results showed that NQO1 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and its high expression was closely related to the poor prognosis of HCC patients. Overexpression of NQO1 promoted the cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and angiogenesis of HCC cells. Luciferase reporter assay further revealed that NQO1/p53 could induce the transcriptional activity of SREBP1, consequently regulating HCC progression through lipid anabolism. In addition, Snail protein was stabilized by NQO1/p53/SREBP1 axis and triggered the EMT process, and participated in the regulatory role of NQO1/p53/SREBP1 axis in HCC. Together, these data indicated that NQO1/SREBP1 axis promoted the progression and metastasis of HCC, and might be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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22
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Zhang M, Wei T, Zhang X, Guo D. Targeting lipid metabolism reprogramming of immunocytes in response to the tumor microenvironment stressor: A potential approach for tumor therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937406. [PMID: 36131916 PMCID: PMC9483093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has become a major research focus in recent years. The TME differs from the normal extracellular environment in parameters such as nutrient supply, pH value, oxygen content, and metabolite abundance. Such changes may promote the initiation, growth, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells, in addition to causing the malfunction of tumor-infiltrating immunocytes. As the neoplasm develops and nutrients become scarce, tumor cells transform their metabolic patterns by reprogramming glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism in response to various environmental stressors. Research on carcinoma metabolism reprogramming suggests that like tumor cells, immunocytes also switch their metabolic pathways, named “immunometabolism”, a phenomenon that has drawn increasing attention in the academic community. In this review, we focus on the recent progress in the study of lipid metabolism reprogramming in immunocytes within the TME and highlight the potential target molecules, pathways, and genes implicated. In addition, we discuss hypoxia, one of the vital altered components of the TME that partially contribute to the initiation of abnormal lipid metabolism in immune cells. Finally, we present the current immunotherapies that orchestrate a potent antitumor immune response by mediating the lipid metabolism of immunocytes, highlight the lipid metabolism reprogramming capacity of various immunocytes in the TME, and propose promising new strategies for use in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingju Wei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Danfeng Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Danfeng Guo,
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23
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FOXM1 Is a Novel Molecular Target of AFP-Positive Hepatocellular Carcinoma Abrogated by Proteasome Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158305. [PMID: 35955438 PMCID: PMC9368809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal protein that is elevated in a subset of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with poor prognosis, but the molecular target activated in AFP-positive HCC remains elusive. Here, we demonstrated that the transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is upregulated in AFP-positive HCC. We found that FOXM1 expression was highly elevated in approximately 40% of HCC cases, and FOXM1-high HCC was associated with high serum AFP levels, a high frequency of microscopic portal vein invasion, and poor prognosis. A transcriptome and pathway analysis revealed the activation of the mitotic cell cycle and the inactivation of mature hepatocyte metabolism function in FOXM1-high HCC. The knockdown of FOXM1 reduced AFP expression and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. We further identified that the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib attenuated FOXM1 protein expression and suppressed cell proliferation in AFP-positive HCC cells. Carfilzomib in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) blockade significantly prolonged survival by suppressing AFP-positive HCC growth in a subcutaneous tumor xenotransplantation model. These data indicated that FOXM1 plays a pivotal role in the proliferation of AFP-positive liver cancer cells. Carfilzomib can effectively inhibit FOXM1 expression to inhibit tumor growth and could be a novel therapeutic option in patients with AFP-positive HCC who receive anti-VEGFR2 antibodies.
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24
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Munson PV, Adamik J, Butterfield LH. Immunomodulatory impact of α-fetoprotein. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:438-448. [PMID: 35550875 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
α-Fetoprotein (AFP) is a fetal glycoprotein produced by most human hepatocellular carcinoma tumors. Research has focused on its immunosuppressive properties in pregnancy, autoimmunity, and cancer, and human AFP directly limits the viability and functionality of human natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs). AFP-altered DCs can promote the differentiation of naïve T cells into regulatory T cells. These properties may work to shield tumors from the immune system. Recent efforts to define the molecular characteristics of AFP identified key structural immunoregulatory domains and bioactive roles of AFP-bound ligands in immunomodulation. We propose that a key mechanism of AFP immunomodulation skews DC function through cellular metabolism. Delineating differences between fetal 'normal' AFP (nAFP) and tumor-derived AFP (tAFP) has uncovered a novel role for tAFP in altering metabolism via lipid-binding partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul V Munson
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI), San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Juraj Adamik
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI), San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lisa H Butterfield
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI), San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
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25
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Lv N, Jin S, Liang Z, Wu X, Kang Y, Su L, Dong Y, Wang B, Ma T, Shi L. PP2Cδ Controls the Differentiation and Function of Dendritic Cells Through Regulating the NSD2/mTORC2/ACLY Pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 12:751409. [PMID: 35069527 PMCID: PMC8777276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.751409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are recognized as a key orchestrator of immune response and homeostasis, deregulation of which may lead to autoimmunity such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Herein we show that the phosphatase PP2Cδ played a pivotal role in regulating DC activation and function, as PP2Cδ ablation caused aberrant maturation, activation, and Th1/Th17-priming of DCs, and hence induced onset of exacerbated EAE. Mechanistically, PP2Cδ restrained the expression of the essential subunit of mTORC2, Rictor, primarily through de-phosphorylating and proteasomal degradation of the methyltransferase NSD2 via CRL4DCAF2 E3 ligase. Loss of PP2Cδ in DCs accordingly sustained activation of the Rictor/mTORC2 pathway and boosted glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism. Consequently, ATP-citrate lyse (ACLY) was increasingly activated and catalyzed acetyl-CoA for expression of the genes compatible with hyperactivated DCs under PP2Cδ deletion. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that PP2Cδ has an essential role in controlling DCs activation and function, which is critical for prevention of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianyin Lv
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sufeng Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Liang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhua Kang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Key Lab of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeping Dong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingwei Wang
- College of Medicine and Integrated Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- College of Medicine and Integrated Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
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26
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Zhao K, Zhou X, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Wen L. Research Progress in Alpha-Fetoprotein-Induced Immunosuppression of Liver Cancer. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2237-2243. [PMID: 35184712 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220218124816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, with limited treatment and 8.2% high mortality. Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths, which seriously endangers human life and health. Approximately 70% of liver cancer patients show increased serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. AFP is the main diagnostic and prognostic indicator of liver cancer. AFP, a key marker of liver cancer, plays a crucial role in regulating the proliferation of tumor cells, apoptosis, and induction of cellular immune escape. High levels of AFP during embryonic development protect the embryos from maternal immune attack. AFP also promotes immune escape of liver cancer cells by inhibiting tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), natural killer cells (NK), dendritic cells (DC), and macrophages; thus, it is also used as a target antigen in immunotherapy for liver cancer. AFP is highly expressed in liver cancer cells. In addition to being used in the diagnosis of liver cancer, it has become a target of immunotherapy for liver cancer as a tumor-associated antigen. In immunotherapy, it was also confirmed that early AFP response was positively correlated with the efficacy of immunotherapy. Early AFP responders had longer PFS and OS than non-responders. At present, the methods of immunotherapy for liver cancer mainly include Adoptive Cell Transfer Therapy (ACT), tumor vaccine therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy and so on. A large number of studies have shown that AFP mainly plays a role in ACT and liver cancer vaccines. This review presents the research progress of AFP and immunosuppression of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailiang Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yuchun Xiao
- People\'s Hospital of Shangdang District, Changzhi, 047100, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- Taizhou Institute for Drug Control, Jiangsu Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Lu Wen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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27
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Hao X, Sun G, Zhang Y, Kong X, Rong D, Song J, Tang W, Wang X. Targeting Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment of HCC: New Opportunities and Challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:775462. [PMID: 34869376 PMCID: PMC8633569 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.775462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune associated cells in the microenvironment have a significant impact on the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and have received more and more attention. Different types of immune-associated cells play different roles, including promoting/inhibiting HCC and several different types that are controversial. It is well known that immune escape of HCC has become a difficult problem in tumor therapy. Therefore, in recent years, a large number of studies have focused on the immune microenvironment of HCC, explored many mechanisms worth identifying tumor immunosuppression, and developed a variety of immunotherapy methods as targets, laying the foundation for the final victory in the fight against HCC. This paper reviews recent studies on the immune microenvironment of HCC that are more reliable and important, and provides a more comprehensive view of the investigation of the immune microenvironment of HCC and the development of more immunotherapeutic approaches based on the relevant summaries of different immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopei Hao
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangshun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dawei Rong
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhua Song
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuehao Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Feng L, Wang Y, Wang X, An S, Aizimuaji Z, Tao C, Zhang K, Cheng S, Wu J, Xiao T, Rong W. Integrated analysis of the rhesus monkey liver transcriptome during development and human primary HCC AFP-related gene expression. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 25:406-415. [PMID: 34484865 PMCID: PMC8403716 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic development and tumorigenesis have a certain degree of similarity. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a protein related to embryonic development, is a well-known biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we analyzed the differences in gene expression profiles and molecular mechanisms in human HCC tissues from patients in AFPhigh (serum AFP level ≥ 25 ng/mL) and AFPlow (serum AFP level < 25 ng/mL) groups. The results indicated that AFPhigh HCC has more malignant biological characteristics. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) showed significantly higher levels of genes expressed in dendritic cells, neutrophils, and natural killer cells in the AFPlow group than in the AFPhigh group. Then, we defined a rhesus monkey fetal liver developmental landscape and compared it to the HCC gene expression profile. The gene signatures of AFPhigh HCC tissues were similar to those of early embryonic liver tissues. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the rhesus monkey liver transcriptome during development and human primary HCC AFP-related gene expression profiles and clarified the function of AFP in the occurrence and development of HCC from the perspective of developmental biology, which might provide a new perspective on the pathogenesis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Songlin An
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zulihumaer Aizimuaji
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Changcheng Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jianxiong Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Corresponding author: Dr. Jianxiong Wu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Corresponding author: Dr. Ting Xiao, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Weiqi Rong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
- Corresponding author: Dr. Weiqi Rong, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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29
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Zheng X, Jin W, Wang S, Ding H. Progression on the Roles and Mechanisms of Tumor-Infiltrating T Lymphocytes in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:729705. [PMID: 34566989 PMCID: PMC8462294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.729705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the most common malignancies in China, where it ranks second in mortality and fifth in morbidity. Currently, liver transplantation, hepatic tumor resection, radiofrequency ablation, and molecular-targeted agents are the major treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Overall, HCC has a poor survival rate and a high recurrence rate. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been discovered to play essential roles in the development, prognosis, and immunotherapy treatment of HCC. As the major component cells of TILs, T cells are also proved to show antitumor and protumor effects in HCC. Foxp3+, CD8+, CD3+, and CD4+ T lymphocytes are the broadly studied subgroups of TILs. This article reviews the roles and mechanisms of different tumor-infiltrating T lymphocyte subtypes in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatology, Beijing You’An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Jin
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You’An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiguo Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatology, Beijing You’An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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30
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Almeida L, Everts B. Fa(c)t checking: How fatty acids shape metabolism and function of macrophages and dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:1628-1640. [PMID: 33788250 PMCID: PMC8359938 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years there have been major advances in our understanding of the role of free fatty acids (FAs) and their metabolism in shaping the functional properties of macrophages and DCs. This review presents the most recent insights into how cell intrinsic FA metabolism controls DC and macrophage function, as well as the current evidence of the importance of various exogenous FAs (such as polyunsaturated FAs and their oxidation products—prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and proresolving lipid mediators) in affecting DC and macrophage biology, by modulating their metabolic properties. Finally, we explore whether targeted modulation of FA metabolism of myeloid cells to steer their function could hold promise in therapeutic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Almeida
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Everts
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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31
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Lin B, Dong X, Wang Q, Li W, Zhu M, Li M. AFP-Inhibiting Fragments for Drug Delivery: The Promise and Challenges of Targeting Therapeutics to Cancers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:635476. [PMID: 33898423 PMCID: PMC8061420 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.635476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) plays a key role in stimulating the growth, metastasis and drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AFP is an important target molecule in the treatment of HCC. The application of AFP-derived peptides, AFP fragments and recombinant AFP (AFP-inhibiting fragments, AIFs) to inhibit the binding of AFP to intracellular proteins or its receptors is the basis of a new strategy for the treatment of HCC and other cancers. In addition, AIFs can be combined with drugs and delivery agents to target treatments to cancer. AIFs conjugated to anticancer drugs not only destroy cancer cells with these drugs but also activate immune cells to kill cancer cells. Furthermore, AIF delivery of drugs relieves immunosuppression and enhances chemotherapy effects. The synergism of immunotherapy and targeted chemotherapy is expected to play an important role in enhancing the treatment effect of patients with cancer. AIF delivery of drugs will be an available strategy for the targeted treatment of cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Xu Dong
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Qiujiao Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
| | - Mengsen Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China.,Institution of Tumor, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China
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Peng X, He Y, Huang J, Tao Y, Liu S. Metabolism of Dendritic Cells in Tumor Microenvironment: For Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613492. [PMID: 33732237 PMCID: PMC7959811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a type of an antigen-presenting cell which undertake a job on capturing antigens coming from pathogens or tumors and presenting to T cells for immune response. The metabolism of DCs controls its development, polarization, and maturation processes and provides energy support for its functions. However, the immune activity of DCs in tumor microenvironment (TME) is inhibited generally. Abnormal metabolism of tumor cells causes metabolic changes in TME, such as hyperglycolysis, lactate and lipid accumulation, acidification, tryptophan deprivation, which limit the function of DCs and lead to the occurrence of tumor immune escape. Combined metabolic regulation with immunotherapy can strengthen the ability of antigen-presentation and T cell activation of DCs, improve the existing anti-tumor therapy, and overcome the defects of DC-related therapies in the current stage, which has great potential in oncology therapy. Therefore, we reviewed the glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism of DCs, as well as the metabolic changes after being affected by TME. Together with the potential metabolic targets of DCs, possible anti-tumor therapeutic pathways were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Youe He
- Department of Translational Medicine, Cancer Biological Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Medical Sciences, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Carr BI, Guerra V, Donghia R, Farinati F, Giannini EG, Muratori L, Rapaccini GL, Di Marco M, Caturelli E, Zoli M, Sacco R, Celsa C, Campani C, Mega A, Guarino M, Gasbarrini A, Svegliati-Baroni G, Foschi FG, Biasini E, Masotto A, Nardone G, Raimondo G, Azzaroli F, Vidili G, Brunetto MR, Trevisani F. Identification of Clinical Phenotypes and Related Survival in Patients with Large HCCs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040592. [PMID: 33546234 PMCID: PMC7913341 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) factors, especially maximum tumor diameter (MTD), tumor multifocality, portal vein thrombosis (PVT), and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), influence survival. AIM To examine patterns of tumor factors in large HCC patients. METHODS A database of large HCC patients was examined. RESULTS A multiple Cox proportional hazard model on death identified low serum albumin levels and the presence of PVT and multifocality, with each having a hazard ratio ≥2.0. All combinations of these three parameters were examined in relation to survival. Using univariate Cox analysis, the combination of albumin >3.5 g/dL and the absence of both PVT and multifocality had the best survival rate, while all combinations that included the presence of PVT had poor survival and hazard ratios. We identified four clinical phenotypes, each with a distinct median survival: patients with or without PVT or multifocality plus serum albumin ≥3.5 (g/dL), with each subgroup displaying high (≥100 IU/mL) or low (<100 IU/mL) blood AFP levels. Across a range of MTDs, we identified only two significant trends, blood AFP and platelets. CONCLUSIONS Patients with large HCCs have distinct phenotypes and survival, as identified by the combination of PVT, multifocality, and blood albumin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian I. Carr
- Translational HCC Research Department, Liver Transplant Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +14-12-980-4518
| | - Vito Guerra
- Clinical Trials Department, National Institute of Digestive Diseases, IRCCS S. de Bellis Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (V.G.); (R.D.)
| | - Rossella Donghia
- Clinical Trials Department, National Institute of Digestive Diseases, IRCCS S. de Bellis Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (V.G.); (R.D.)
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy;
| | - Edoardo G. Giannini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Genova, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Luca Muratori
- Internal Medicine–Piscaglia Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Gian Ludovico Rapaccini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Maria Di Marco
- Medicine Unit, Bolognini Hospital, 24068 Seriate, Italy;
| | | | - Marco Zoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Internal Medicine–Zoli Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Rodolfo Sacco
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Foggia University Hospital, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Ciro Celsa
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother & Child Care, Internal Medicine & Medical Specialties, PROMISE, Gastroenterology & Hepatology Unit, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Claudia Campani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine and Hepatology Unit, University of Firenze, 50121 Firenze, Italy;
| | - Andrea Mega
- Gastroenterology Unit, Bolzano Regional Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;
| | - Maria Guarino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology Unit, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Gemelli, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | | | | | - Elisabetta Biasini
- Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Alberto Masotto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria, 37024 Negrar, Italy;
| | - Gerardo Nardone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 37024 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Medicine and Hepatology, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy;
| | - Francesco Azzaroli
- Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Gianpaolo Vidili
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Clinica Medica Unit, University of Sassari, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Maurizia Rossana Brunetto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Hepatology and Liver Physiopathology Laboratory and Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Franco Trevisani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
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Lu L, Jiang J, Zhan M, Zhang H, Wang QT, Sun SN, Guo XK, Yin H, Wei Y, Li SY, Liu JO, Li Y, He YW. Targeting Tumor-Associated Antigens in Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Immunotherapy: Past Pitfalls and Future Strategies. Hepatology 2021; 73:821-832. [PMID: 32767586 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical CenterZhuhai Precision Medical CenterZhuhai People's HospitalZhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Tricision Biotherapeutic Inc. Jinwan DistrictZhuhaiChina
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical CenterZhuhai Precision Medical CenterZhuhai People's HospitalZhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- First Affiliated HospitalChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qian-Ting Wang
- Tricision Biotherapeutic Inc. Jinwan DistrictZhuhaiChina
| | - Sheng-Nan Sun
- Tricision Biotherapeutic Inc. Jinwan DistrictZhuhaiChina
| | - Xiao-Kai Guo
- Tricision Biotherapeutic Inc. Jinwan DistrictZhuhaiChina
| | - Hua Yin
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical CenterZhuhai Precision Medical CenterZhuhai People's HospitalZhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - Yadong Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Shi-You Li
- Tricision Biotherapeutic Inc. Jinwan DistrictZhuhaiChina
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular SciencesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Yong Li
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical CenterZhuhai Precision Medical CenterZhuhai People's HospitalZhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhaiGuangdong ProvinceP.R. China
| | - You-Wen He
- Department of ImmunologyDuke University Medical University Medical CenterDurhamNC
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Hong GQ, Cai D, Gong JP, Lai X. Innate immune cells and their interaction with T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:57. [PMID: 33281968 PMCID: PMC7709558 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor and is associated with necroinflammation driven by various immune cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages and natural killer cells. Innate immune cells can directly affect HCC or regulate the T-cell responses that mediate HCC. In addition, innate immune cells and T cells are not isolated, which means the interaction between them is important in the HCC microenvironment. Considering the current unsatisfactory efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with HCC, understanding the relationship between innate immune cells and T cells is necessary. In the present review the roles and clinical value of innate immune cells that have been widely reported to be involved in HCC, including dendritic cells, macrophages (including kupffer cells), neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and innate lymphoid cells and the crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune responses in the antitumor process have been discussed. The present review will facilitate researchers in understanding the importance of innate immune cells in HCC and lead to innovative immunotherapy approaches for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qing Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Thyroid Breast Surgery, Tongnan District People's Hospital, Chongqing 402660, P.R. China
| | - Dong Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, P.R. China
| | - Xing Lai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Thyroid Breast Surgery, Tongnan District People's Hospital, Chongqing 402660, P.R. China
- Correspondence to: Dr Xing Lai, Department of Hepatobiliary and Thyroid Breast Surgery, Tongnan District People's Hospital, 271 Datong, Tongnan, Chongqing 402660, P.R. China, E-mail:
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36
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Zheng Y, Zhu M, Li M. Effects of alpha-fetoprotein on the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:2439-2446. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03331-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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37
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Hargadon KM. Tumor microenvironmental influences on dendritic cell and T cell function: A focus on clinically relevant immunologic and metabolic checkpoints. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:374-411. [PMID: 32508018 PMCID: PMC7240858 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is fast becoming one of the most promising means of treating malignant disease. Cancer vaccines, adoptive cell transfer therapies, and immune checkpoint blockade have all shown varying levels of success in the clinical management of several cancer types in recent years. However, despite the clinical benefits often achieved by these regimens, an ongoing problem for many patients is the inherent or acquired resistance of their cancer to immunotherapy. It is now appreciated that dendritic cells and T lymphocytes both play key roles in antitumor immune responses and that the tumor microenvironment presents a number of barriers to the function of these cells that can ultimately limit the success of immunotherapy. In particular, the engagement of several immunologic and metabolic checkpoints within the hostile tumor microenvironment can severely compromise the antitumor functions of these important immune populations. This review highlights work from both preclinical and clinical studies that has shaped our understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its influence on dendritic cell and T cell function. It focuses on clinically relevant targeted and immunotherapeutic strategies that have emerged from these studies in an effort to prevent or overcome immune subversion within the tumor microenvironment. Emphasis is also placed on the potential of next-generation combinatorial regimens that target metabolic and immunologic impediments to dendritic cell and T lymphocyte function as strategies to improve antitumor immune reactivity and the clinical outcome of cancer immunotherapy going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian M. Hargadon
- Hargadon LaboratoryDepartment of BiologyHampden‐Sydney CollegeHampden‐SydneyVirginiaUSA
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