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Turpin R, Liu R, Munne PM, Peura A, Rannikko JH, Philips G, Boeckx B, Salmelin N, Hurskainen E, Suleymanova I, Aung J, Vuorinen EM, Lehtinen L, Mutka M, Kovanen PE, Niinikoski L, Meretoja TJ, Mattson J, Mustjoki S, Saavalainen P, Goga A, Lambrechts D, Pouwels J, Hollmén M, Klefström J. Respiratory complex I regulates dendritic cell maturation in explant model of human tumor immune microenvironment. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008053. [PMID: 38604809 PMCID: PMC11015234 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining cytotoxic chemotherapy or novel anticancer drugs with T-cell modulators holds great promise in treating advanced cancers. However, the response varies depending on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Therefore, there is a clear need for pharmacologically tractable models of the TIME to dissect its influence on mono- and combination treatment response at the individual level. METHODS Here we establish a patient-derived explant culture (PDEC) model of breast cancer, which retains the immune contexture of the primary tumor, recapitulating cytokine profiles and CD8+T cell cytotoxic activity. RESULTS We explored the immunomodulatory action of a synthetic lethal BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax+metformin drug combination ex vivo, discovering metformin cannot overcome the lymphocyte-depleting action of venetoclax. Instead, metformin promotes dendritic cell maturation through inhibition of mitochondrial complex I, increasing their capacity to co-stimulate CD4+T cells and thus facilitating antitumor immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our results establish PDECs as a feasible model to identify immunomodulatory functions of anticancer drugs in the context of patient-specific TIME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Turpin
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ruixian Liu
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauliina M Munne
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aino Peura
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Bram Boeckx
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natasha Salmelin
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Hurskainen
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilida Suleymanova
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - July Aung
- University of Helsinki Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Minna Mutka
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Panu E Kovanen
- Department of Pathology, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Niinikoski
- Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomo J Meretoja
- Breast Surgery Unit, Helsinki University Central Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Mattson
- Department of oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- TRIMM, Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- University of Helsinki Helsinki Institute of Life Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Andrei Goga
- Department of Cell & Tissue Biology, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Jeroen Pouwels
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Juha Klefström
- Translational Cancer Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland
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2
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Bermejo-Jambrina M, van der Donk LE, van Hamme JL, Wilflingseder D, de Bree G, Prins M, de Jong M, Nieuwkerk P, van Gils MJ, Kootstra NA, Geijtenbeek TB. Control of complement-induced inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection by anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. EMBO J 2024; 43:1135-1163. [PMID: 38418557 PMCID: PMC10987522 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated immune responses contribute to the excessive and uncontrolled inflammation observed in severe COVID-19. However, how immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is induced and regulated remains unclear. Here, we uncover the role of the complement system in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Complement rapidly opsonizes SARS-CoV-2 particles via the lectin pathway. Complement-opsonized SARS-CoV-2 efficiently induces type-I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses via activation of dendritic cells, which are inhibited by antibodies against the complement receptors (CR) 3 and 4. Serum from COVID-19 patients, or monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, attenuate innate and adaptive immunity induced by complement-opsonized SARS-CoV-2. Blocking of CD32, the FcγRII antibody receptor of dendritic cells, restores complement-induced immunity. These results suggest that opsonization of SARS-CoV-2 by complement is involved in the induction of innate and adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in the acute phase of infection. Subsequent antibody responses limit inflammation and restore immune homeostasis. These findings suggest that dysregulation of the complement system and FcγRII signaling may contribute to severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bermejo-Jambrina
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Lieve Eh van der Donk
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John L van Hamme
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Doris Wilflingseder
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Godelieve de Bree
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Prins
- Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, GGD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Menno de Jong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC location AMC University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pythia Nieuwkerk
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, GGD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology (J3-2019-1), Amsterdam UMC location AMC University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marit J van Gils
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC location AMC University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neeltje A Kootstra
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teunis Bh Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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3
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Yang L, Wang SY, Jiang TT, Deng W, Chang M, Wu SL, Cao WH, Lu Y, Shen G, Liu RY, Gao YJ, Xu MJ, Hu LP, Zhang L, Xie Y, Li MH. Relationship between Phenotypic Changes of Dendritic Cell Subsets and the Onset of Plateau Phase during Intermittent Interferon Therapy in Patients with CHB. Biomed Environ Sci 2024; 37:303-314. [PMID: 38582994 DOI: 10.3967/bes2024.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate whether the onset of the plateau phase of slow hepatitis B surface antigen decline in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with intermittent interferon therapy is related to the frequency of dendritic cell subsets and expression of the costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, CD83, and CD86. Method This was a cross-sectional study in which patients were divided into a natural history group (namely NH group), a long-term oral nucleoside analogs treatment group (namely NA group), and a plateau-arriving group (namely P group). The percentage of plasmacytoid dendritic cell and myeloid dendritic cell subsets in peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes and the mean fluorescence intensity of their surface costimulatory molecules were detected using a flow cytometer. Results In total, 143 patients were enrolled (NH group, n = 49; NA group, n = 47; P group, n = 47). The results demonstrated that CD141/CD1c double negative myeloid dendritic cell (DNmDC)/lymphocytes and monocytes (%) in P group (0.041 [0.024, 0.069]) was significantly lower than that in NH group (0.270 [0.135, 0.407]) and NA group (0.273 [0.150, 0.443]), and CD86 mean fluorescence intensity of DNmDCs in P group (1832.0 [1484.0, 2793.0]) was significantly lower than that in NH group (4316.0 [2958.0, 5169.0]) and NA group (3299.0 [2534.0, 4371.0]), Adjusted P all < 0.001. Conclusion Reduced DNmDCs and impaired maturation may be associated with the onset of the plateau phase during intermittent interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China;Center for Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shi Yu Wang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Ting Ting Jiang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Min Chang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Shu Ling Wu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Wei Hua Cao
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Ge Shen
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Ru Yu Liu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yuan Jiao Gao
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Meng Jiao Xu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Lei Ping Hu
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yao Xie
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China;Department of Hepatology Division 2, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Ming Hui Li
- Department of Hepatology Division 2, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China;Department of Hepatology Division 2, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, China
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4
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Ng II, Zhang J, Tian T, Peng Q, Huang Z, Xiao K, Yao X, Ng L, Zeng J, Tang H. Network-based screening identifies sitagliptin as an antitumor drug targeting dendritic cells. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008254. [PMID: 38458637 PMCID: PMC10921530 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antigen presentation is essential for the priming and activation of tumor-specific T cells. However, few drugs that specifically manipulate DC functions are available. The identification of drugs targeting DC holds great promise for cancer immunotherapy. METHODS We observed that type 1 conventional DCs (cDC1s) initiated a distinct transcriptional program during antigen presentation. We used a network-based approach to screen for cDC1-targeting therapeutics. The antitumor potency and underlying mechanisms of the candidate drug were investigated in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Sitagliptin, an oral gliptin widely used for type 2 diabetes, was identified as a drug that targets DCs. In mouse models, sitagliptin inhibited tumor growth by enhancing cDC1-mediated antigen presentation, leading to better T-cell activation. Mechanistically, inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) by sitagliptin prevented the truncation and degradation of chemokines/cytokines that are important for DC activation. Sitagliptin enhanced cancer immunotherapy by facilitating the priming of antigen-specific T cells by DCs. In humans, the use of sitagliptin correlated with a lower risk of tumor recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer undergoing curative surgery. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that sitagliptin-mediated DPP4 inhibition promotes antitumor immune response by augmenting cDC1 functions. These data suggest that sitagliptin can be repurposed as an antitumor drug targeting DC, which provides a potential strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian-Ian Ng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingzhong Tian
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaimin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Joint Graduate Program of Peking-Tsinghua-NIBS, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lui Ng
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianyang Zeng
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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5
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van Oost S, Meijer DM, Ijsselsteijn ME, Roelands JP, van den Akker BEMW, van der Breggen R, Briaire-de Bruijn IH, van der Ploeg M, Wijers-Koster PM, Polak SB, Peul WC, van der Wal RJP, de Miranda NFCC, Bovee JVMG. Multimodal profiling of chordoma immunity reveals distinct immune contextures. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008138. [PMID: 38272563 PMCID: PMC10824073 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chordomas are rare cancers from the axial skeleton which present a challenging clinical management with limited treatment options due to their anatomical location. In recent years, a few clinical trials demonstrated that chordomas can respond to immunotherapy. However, an in-depth portrayal of chordoma immunity and its association with clinical parameters is still lacking. METHODS We present a comprehensive characterization of immunological features of 76 chordomas through application of a multimodal approach. Transcriptomic profiling of 20 chordomas was performed to inform on the activity of immune-related genes through the immunologic constant of rejection (ICR) signature. Multidimensional immunophenotyping through imaging mass cytometry was applied to provide insights in the different immune contextures of 32 chordomas. T cell infiltration was further evaluated in all 76 patients by means of multispectral immunofluorescence and then associated with clinical parameters through univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models as well as Kaplan-Meier estimates. Moreover, distinct expression patterns of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I were assessed by immunohistochemical staining in all 76 patients. Finally, clonal enrichment of the T cell receptor (TCR) was sought through profiling of the variable region of TCRB locus of 24 patients. RESULTS Chordomas generally presented an immune "hot" microenvironment in comparison to other sarcomas, as indicated by the ICR transcriptional signature. We identified two distinct groups of chordomas based on T cell infiltration which were independent from clinical parameters. The highly infiltrated group was further characterized by high dendritic cell infiltration and the presence of multicellular immune aggregates in tumors, whereas low T cell infiltration was associated with lower overall cell densities of immune and stromal cells. Interestingly, patients with higher T cell infiltration displayed a more pronounced clonal enrichment of the TCR repertoire compared with those with low T cell counts. Furthermore, we observed that the majority of chordomas maintained HLA class I expression. CONCLUSION Our findings shed light on the natural immunity against chordomas through the identification of distinct immune contextures. Understanding their immune landscape could guide the development and application of immunotherapies in a tailored manner, ultimately leading to an improved clinical outcome for patients with chordoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddh van Oost
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Debora M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Jessica P Roelands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Manon van der Ploeg
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Samuel B Polak
- University Neurosurgical Center Holland, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands
| | - Wilco C Peul
- University Neurosurgical Center Holland, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands
| | - Robert J P van der Wal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Noel F C C de Miranda
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Judith V M G Bovee
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Center for Computational Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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6
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Tijtgat J, Geeraerts X, Boisson A, Stevens L, Vounckx M, Dirven I, Schwarze JK, Raeymaeckers S, Forsyth R, Van Riet I, Tuyaerts S, Willard-Gallo K, Neyns B. Intratumoral administration of the immunologic adjuvant AS01 B in combination with autologous CD1c (BDCA-1) +/CD141 (BDCA-3) + myeloid dendritic cells plus ipilimumab and intravenous nivolumab in patients with refractory advanced melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008148. [PMID: 38212127 PMCID: PMC10806541 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with advanced melanoma who progress after treatment with immune checkpoint-inhibitors (ICI) and BRAF-/MEK-inhibitors (if BRAF V600 mutated) have no remaining effective treatment options. The presence of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ and CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myeloid dendritic cells (myDC) in the tumor microenvironment correlates with pre-existing immune recognition and responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade. The synthetic saponin-based immune adjuvant AS01B enhances adaptive immunity through the involvement of myDC. METHODS In this first-in-human phase I clinical trial, patients with metastatic melanoma refractory to ICI and BRAF-/MEK inhibitors (when indicated) were recruited. Patients received an intravenous administration of low-dose nivolumab (10 mg, every 2 weeks) plus an intratumoral (IT) administration of 10 mg ipilimumab and 50 µg (0.5 mL) AS01B (every 2 weeks). All myDC, isolated from blood, were injected on day 2 into the same metastatic lesion. Tumor biopsies and blood samples were collected at baseline and repeatedly on treatment. Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) was performed on biopsy sections to characterize and quantify the IT and peritumoral immune cell composition. RESULTS Study treatment was feasible and well tolerated without the occurrence of unexpected adverse events in all eight patients. Four patients (50%) obtained a complete response (CR) in the injected lesions. Of these, two patients obtained an overall CR, and one patient a partial response. All responses are ongoing after more than 1 year of follow-up. One additional patient had a stable disease as best response. The disease control rate was 50%. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 24.1 and 41.9 weeks, respectively. Baseline tumor biopsies from patients who responded to treatment had features of T-cell exclusion. During treatment, there was an increased T-cell infiltration, with a reduced mean distance between T cells and tumor cells. Peripheral blood immune cell composition did not significantly change during study treatment. CONCLUSIONS Combining an intratumoral injection of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ and CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDC with repeated IT administration of ipilimumab and AS01B and systemic low-dose nivolumab is safe, feasible with promising early results, worthy of further clinical investigation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03707808.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xenia Geeraerts
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anais Boisson
- Molecular Immunology Unit (MIU), Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Latoya Stevens
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manon Vounckx
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iris Dirven
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julia Katharina Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Raeymaeckers
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ramses Forsyth
- Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Department of Hematology, Stem Cell Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen Willard-Gallo
- Molecular Immunology Unit (MIU), Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory for Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)/Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
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7
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Du EJ, Muench MO. A Monocytic Barrier to the Humanization of Immunodeficient Mice. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 19:CSCR-EPUB-134892. [PMID: 37859310 PMCID: PMC10997744 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x263597231001164351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Mice with severe immunodeficiencies have become very important tools for studying foreign cells in an in vivo environment. Xenotransplants can be used to model cells from many species, although most often, mice are humanized through the transplantation of human cells or tissues to meet the needs of medical research. The development of immunodeficient mice is reviewed leading up to the current state-of-the-art strains, such as the NOD-scid-gamma (NSG) mouse. NSG mice are excellent hosts for human hematopoietic stem cell transplants or immune reconstitution through transfusion of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, barriers to full hematopoietic engraftment still remain; notably, the survival of human cells in the circulation is brief, which limits overall hematological and immune reconstitution. Reports have indicated a critical role for monocytic cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, in the clearance of xenogeneic cells from circulation. Various aspects of the NOD genetic background that affect monocytic cell growth, maturation, and function that are favorable to human cell transplantation are discussed. Important receptors, such as SIRPα, that form a part of the innate immune system and enable the recognition and phagocytosis of foreign cells by monocytic cells are reviewed. The development of humanized mouse models has taken decades of work in creating more immunodeficient mice, genetic modification of these mice to express human genes, and refinement of transplant techniques to optimize engraftment. Future advances may focus on the monocytic cells of the host to find ways for further engraftment and survival of xenogeneic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J. Du
- Vitalant Research Institute, 360 Spear Street, Suite 200, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
| | - Marcus O. Muench
- Vitalant Research Institute, 360 Spear Street, Suite 200, San Francisco, CA, 94105, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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8
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Blanco T, Singh RB, Nakagawa H, Taketani Y, Dohlman TH, Chen Y, Chauhan SK, Yin J, Dana R. Conventional type I migratory CD103 + dendritic cells are required for corneal allograft survival. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:711-726. [PMID: 36642378 PMCID: PMC10413378 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Corneal transplant rejection primarily occurs because of the T helper 1 (Th1) effector cell-mediated immune response of the host towards allogeneic tissue. The evidence suggests that type 1 migratory conventional CD103+ dendritic cells (CD103+DC1) acquire an immunosuppressive phenotype in the tumor environment; however, the involvement of CD103+DC1 in allograft survival continues to be an elusive question of great clinical significance in tissue transplantation. In this study, we assess the role of CD103+DC1 in suppressing Th1 alloreactivity against transplanted corneal allografts. The immunosuppressive function of CD103+DC1 has been extensively studied in non-transplantation settings. We found that host CD103+DC1 infiltrates the corneal graft and migrates to the draining lymph nodes to suppress alloreactive CD4+ Th1 cells via the programmed death-ligand 1 axis. The systemic depletion of CD103+ DC1 in allograft recipients leads to amplified Th1 activation, impaired Treg function, and increased rate of allograft rejection. Although allograft recipient Rag1 null mice reconstituted with naïve CD4+CD25- T cells efficiently generated peripheral Treg cells (pTreg), the CD103+DC1-depleted mice failed to generate pTreg. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of pTreg failed to rescue allografts in CD103+DC1-depleted recipients from rejection. These data demonstrate the critical role of CD103+DC1 in regulating host alloimmune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Blanco
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Rohan Bir Singh
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Hayate Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Yukako Taketani
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Thomas H Dohlman
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Yihe Chen
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sunil K Chauhan
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Jia Yin
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Reza Dana
- Laboratory of Corneal Immunology, Transplantation, and Regeneration, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
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9
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Salehi-Rad R, Lim RJ, Du Y, Tran LM, Li R, Ong SL, Ling Huang Z, Dumitras C, Zhang T, Park SJ, Crosson W, Kahangi B, Abascal J, Seet C, Oh M, Shabihkhani M, Paul M, Krysan K, Lisberg AE, Garon EB, Liu B, Dubinett SM. CCL21-DC in situ vaccination in murine NSCLC overcomes resistance to immunotherapy and generates systemic tumor-specific immunity. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006896. [PMID: 37730274 PMCID: PMC10510892 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-006896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent advances in immunotherapy, many patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Resistance to ICI may be driven by suboptimal priming of antitumor T lymphocytes due to poor antigen presentation as well as their exclusion and impairment by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). In a recent phase I trial in patients with NSCLC, in situ vaccination (ISV) with dendritic cells engineered to secrete CCL21 (CCL21-DC), a chemokine that facilitates the recruitment of T cells and DC, promoted T lymphocyte tumor infiltration and PD-L1 upregulation. METHODS Murine models of NSCLC with distinct driver mutations (KrasG12D/P53+/-/Lkb1-/- (KPL); KrasG12D/P53+/- (KP); and KrasG12D (K)) and varying tumor mutational burden were used to evaluate the efficacy of combination therapy with CCL21-DC ISV plus ICI. Comprehensive analyses of longitudinal preclinical samples by flow cytometry, single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and whole-exome sequencing were performed to assess mechanisms of combination therapy. RESULTS ISV with CCL21-DC sensitized immune-resistant murine NSCLCs to ICI and led to the establishment of tumor-specific immune memory. Immunophenotyping revealed that CCL21-DC obliterated tumor-promoting neutrophils, promoted sustained infiltration of CD8 cytolytic and CD4 Th1 lymphocytes and enriched progenitor T cells in the TME. Addition of ICI to CCL21-DC further enhanced the expansion and effector function of T cells both locally and systemically. Longitudinal evaluation of tumor mutation profiles revealed that CCL21-DC plus ICI induced immunoediting of tumor subclones, consistent with the broadening of tumor-specific T cell responses. CONCLUSIONS CCL21-DC ISV synergizes with anti-PD-1 to eradicate murine NSCLC. Our data support the clinical application of CCL21-DC ISV in combination with checkpoint inhibition for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Salehi-Rad
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Raymond J Lim
- Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yushen Du
- Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Linh M Tran
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie L Ong
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zi Ling Huang
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Camelia Dumitras
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stacy J Park
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William Crosson
- Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bitta Kahangi
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jensen Abascal
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Seet
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael Oh
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maryam Shabihkhani
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Manash Paul
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kostyantyn Krysan
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aaron E Lisberg
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edward B Garon
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven M Dubinett
- Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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10
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Wang M, Qiao F, Li Z, Wang Q, Shang Z, Hei J, Ma X, Wang Y. Impact of Echinococcus granulosus Antigens on Monocyte Development and Dendritic Cell Differentiation. Iran J Immunol 2023; 20:348-358. [PMID: 37458144 DOI: 10.22034/iji.2023.98163.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Different subtypes of dendritic cells (DCs) can induce different types of immune responses. Our previous study found that Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) antigens (Eg.ferritin, Eg.mMDH and Eg.10) stimulated DC differentiation to different subtypes and produced different immune responses. Objective To further understand whether Eg.ferritin, Eg.mMDH and Eg.10 affect the DC-mediated immune response by promoting the differentiation of monocytes to DCs. Methods Bone marrow-derived monocytes were exposed to three antigens of E. granulosus on days 0, 3, 5, and 7. The percentage of monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs), DCs subsets, and the expression of surface molecules of DCs at different time points in different groups were assessed by flow cytometry. The levels of cytokines of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12p70, IL-18, IL-23, and IL-27 in the cell culture supernatant were detected by multi-factorial detection technology. Results The percentage of moDCs revealed that none of the three antigens blocked monocyte differentiation to DCs. The monocytes of 7-day-old cultures showed increased sensitivity to these antigens. The Eg.ferritin induced more mature DCs, which expressed high levels of MHC II and costimulatory molecules, and secreted Th1 cytokines. Eg10 and Eg.mMDH induced lower degrees of DC maturation, however differentiated DCs were in a semi-mature state due to low expression of MHC II and costimulatory molecules and secretion of higher Th2 and lower Th1 cytokines. Conclusion Eg.ferritin promotes full maturation of DCs and induces Th1 immune response, whereas Eg.10 and Eg.mMDH induce semi-mature DCs producing higher levels of Th2 cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Wang
- Basic Medical Institute of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Fei Qiao
- Basic Medical Institute of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zihua Li
- Basic Medical Institute of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Common Infectious Disease of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Common Infectious Disease of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Zailing Shang
- Basic Medical Institute of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Junhu Hei
- Basic Medical Institute of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xuelin Ma
- Basic Medical Institute of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yana Wang
- Basic Medical Institute of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Common Infectious Disease of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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11
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Ho NI, Huis In 't Veld LGM, van Eck van der Sluijs J, Heuts BMH, Looman MWG, Kers-Rebel ED, van den Dries K, Dolstra H, Martens JHA, Hobo W, Adema GJ. Saponin-based adjuvants enhance antigen cross-presentation in human CD11c + CD1c + CD5 - CD163 + conventional type 2 dendritic cells. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007082. [PMID: 37612044 PMCID: PMC10450066 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvants are key for effective vaccination against cancer and chronic infectious diseases. Saponin-based adjuvants (SBAs) are unique among adjuvants in their ability to induce robust cell-mediated immune responses in addition to antibody responses. Recent preclinical studies revealed that SBAs induced cross-presentation and lipid bodies in otherwise poorly cross-presenting CD11b+ murine dendritic cells (DCs). METHOD Here, we investigated the response of human DC subsets to SBAs with RNA sequencing and pathway analyses, lipid body induction visualized by laser scanning microscopy, antigen translocation to the cytosol, and antigen cross-presentation to CD8+ T cells. RESULTS RNA sequencing of SBA-treated conventional type 1 DC (cDC1) and type 2 DC (cDC2) subsets uncovered that SBAs upregulated lipid-related pathways in CD11c+ CD1c+ cDC2s, especially in the CD5- CD163+ CD14+ cDC2 subset. Moreover, SBAs induced lipid bodies and enhanced endosomal antigen translocation into the cytosol in this particular cDC2 subset. Finally, SBAs enhanced cross-presentation only in cDC2s, which requires the CD163+ CD14+ cDC2 subset. CONCLUSIONS These data thus identify the CD163+ CD14+ cDC2 subset as the main SBA-responsive DC subset in humans and imply new strategies to optimize the application of saponin-based adjuvants in a potent cancer vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataschja I Ho
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa G M Huis In 't Veld
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jesper van Eck van der Sluijs
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Branco M H Heuts
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike W G Looman
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esther D Kers-Rebel
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Koen van den Dries
- Radboud Technology Center Microscopy, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Dolstra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost H A Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Willemijn Hobo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Hematology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gosse J Adema
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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12
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Zhang S, Zhao L, Guo M, Liu P, Li S, Xie W, Tian AL, Pol JG, Chen H, Pan H, Mao M, Li Y, Zitvogel L, Jin Y, Kepp O, Kroemer G. Anticancer effects of ikarugamycin and astemizole identified in a screen for stimulators of cellular immune responses. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006785. [PMID: 37419511 PMCID: PMC10347457 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-006785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most immunotherapies approved for clinical use rely on the use of recombinant proteins and cell-based approaches, rendering their manufacturing expensive and logistics onerous. The identification of novel small molecule immunotherapeutic agents might overcome such limitations. METHOD For immunopharmacological screening campaigns, we built an artificial miniature immune system in which dendritic cells (DCs) derived from immature precursors present MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class I-restricted antigen to a T-cell hybridoma that then secretes interleukin-2 (IL-2). RESULTS The screening of three drug libraries relevant to known signaling pathways, FDA (Food and Drug Administration)-approved drugs and neuroendocrine factors yielded two major hits, astemizole and ikarugamycin. Mechanistically, ikarugamycin turned out to act on DCs to inhibit hexokinase 2, hence stimulating their antigen presenting potential. In contrast, astemizole acts as a histamine H1 receptor (H1R1) antagonist to activate T cells in a non-specific, DC-independent fashion. Astemizole induced the production of IL-2 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells both in vitro and in vivo. Both ikarugamycin and astemizole improved the anticancer activity of the immunogenic chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin in a T cell-dependent fashion. Of note, astemizole enhanced the CD8+/Foxp3+ ratio in the tumor immune infiltrate as well as IFN-γ production by local CD8+ T lymphocytes. In patients with cancer, high H1R1 expression correlated with low infiltration by TH1 cells, as well as with signs of T-cell exhaustion. The combination of astemizole and oxaliplatin was able to cure the majority of mice bearing orthotopic non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), then inducing a state of protective long-term immune memory. The NSCLC-eradicating effect of astemizole plus oxaliplatin was lost on depletion of either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, as well as on neutralization of IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the potential utility of this screening system for the identification of immunostimulatory drugs with anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Liwei Zhao
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Mengfei Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Sijing Li
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Wei Xie
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ai-Ling Tian
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan G Pol
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Hui Chen
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Hui Pan
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Misha Mao
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
- Surgical Oncology Department, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- INSERM U1015, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Gustave Roussy, Villjuif, France
- ClinicObiome, Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Aleynick M, Svensson-Arvelund J, Pantsulaia G, Kim K, Rose SA, Upadhyay R, Yellin M, Marsh H, Oreper D, Jhunjhunwala S, Moussion CC, Merad M, Brown BD, Brody JD. Pattern recognition receptor agonists in pathogen vaccines mediate antitumor T-cell cross-priming. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007198. [PMID: 37487664 PMCID: PMC10373699 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer immunotherapies are generally effective in patients whose tumors contain a priori primed T-cells reactive to tumor antigens (TA). One approach to prime TA-reactive T-cells is to administer immunostimulatory molecules, cells, or pathogens directly to the tumor site, that is, in situ vaccination (ISV). We recently described an ISV using Flt3L to expand and recruit dendritic cells (DC), radiotherapy to load DC with TA, and pattern recognition receptor agonists (PRRa) to activate TA-loaded DC. While ISV trials using synthetic PRRa have yielded systemic tumor regressions, the optimal method to activate DCs is unknown. METHODS To discover optimal DC activators and increase access to clinical grade reagents, we assessed whether viral or bacterial components found in common pathogen vaccines are an effective source of natural PRRa (naPRRa). Using deep profiling (155-metric) of naPRRa immunomodulatory effects and gene editing of specific PRR, we defined specific signatures and molecular mechanisms by which naPRRa potentiate T-cell priming. RESULTS We observed that vaccine naPRRa can be even more potent in activating Flt3L-expanded murine and human DCs than synthetic PRRa, promoting cross-priming of TA-reactive T-cells. We developed a mechanistically diverse naPRRa combination (BCG, PedvaxHIB, Rabies) and noted more potent T-cell cross-priming than with any single naPRRa. The naPRRa triplet-as part of Flt3L-primed ISV-induced greater intratumoral CD8 T-cell infiltration, T-cells reactive to a newly defined tumorous neoantigen, durable tumor regressions. CONCLUSIONS This work provides rationale for the translation of pathogen vaccines as FDA-approved clinical-grade DC activators which could be exploited as immune-stimulants for early phase trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Aleynick
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Judit Svensson-Arvelund
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gvantsa Pantsulaia
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kristy Kim
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samuel A Rose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ranjan Upadhyay
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Henry Marsh
- Celldex Therapeutics Inc, Hampton, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | - Miriam Merad
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brian D Brown
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua D Brody
- Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Roche V, Sandoval V, Wolford C, Senders Z, Kim JA, Ribeiro SP, Huang AY, Sekaly RP, Lyons J, Zhang M. Carbohydrate ligand engagement with CD11b enhances differentiation of tumor-associated myeloid cells for immunotherapy of solid cancers. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006205. [PMID: 37399354 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-006205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efforts to modulate the function of tumor-associated myeloid cell are underway to overcome the challenges in immunotherapy and find a cure. One potential therapeutic target is integrin CD11b, which can be used to modulate the myeloid-derived cells and induce tumor-reactive T-cell responses. However, CD11b can bind to multiple different ligands, leading to various myeloid cell functions such as adhesion, migration, phagocytosis, and proliferation. This has created a major challenge in understanding how CD11b converts the differences in the receptor-ligand binding into subsequent signaling responses and using this information for therapeutic development. METHODS This study aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of a carbohydrate ligand, named BG34-200, which modulates the CD11b+ cells. We have applied peptide microarrays, multiparameter FACS (fluorescence-activated cell analysis) analysis, cellular/molecular immunological technology, advanced microscopic imaging, and transgenic mouse models of solid cancers, to study the interaction between BG34-200 carbohydrate ligand and CD11b protein and the resulting immunological changes in the context of solid cancers, including osteosarcoma, advanced melanoma, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). RESULTS Our results show that BG34-200 can bind directly to the activated CD11b on its I (or A) domain, at previously unreported peptide residues, in a multisite and multivalent manner. This engagement significantly impacts the biological function of tumor-associated inflammatory monocytes (TAIMs) in osteosarcoma, advanced melanoma, and PDAC backgrounds. Importantly, we observed that the BG34-200-CD11b engagement triggered endocytosis of the binding complexes in TAIMs, which induced intracellular F-actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, effective phagocytosis, and intrinsic ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule I) clustering. These structural biological changes resulted in the differentiation in TAIMs into monocyte-derived dendritic cells, which play a crucial role in T-cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Our research has advanced the current understanding of the molecular basis of CD11b activation in solid cancers, revealing how it converts the differences in BG34 carbohydrate ligands into immune signaling responses. These findings could pave the way for the development of safe and novel BG34-200-based therapies that modulate myeloid-derived cell functions, thereby enhancing immunotherapy for solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique Roche
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Victor Sandoval
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Claire Wolford
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Zachary Senders
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Julian Anthony Kim
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Susan Pereira Ribeiro
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Alex Yicheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UH Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rafick-Pierre Sekaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua Lyons
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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15
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Zhang W, Liu S, Zhao L, Wang J, Liu M, Wang F, Xu Y. LKB1 Positively Regulates Dendritic Cell-induced T Cell Immunity and Suppresses Tumor Development. Iran J Immunol 2023; 20:145-158. [PMID: 37246608 DOI: 10.22034/iji.2023.96163.2412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Background The functions of dendritic cells (DCs) are influenced by their intracellular metabolism, in which liver kinase B1 (LKB1) plays an important role. However, due to the difficulty in isolating the DCs, the roles of LKB1 in DC maturation and functions in tumor settings have been poorly characterized. Objective To investigate the roles of LKB1 in DC functions including phagocytosis and presentation of antigens, activation, T cell differentiation, and ultimately tumor eradication. Methods Genetic modification of Lkb1 in the DCs was made by lentiviral transduction, and their impacts on T cell proliferation, differentiation, activity, or B16 melanoma metastasis were examined by flow cytometry, qPCR, or lung tumor nodule counting. Results LKB1 did not affect antigen uptake and presentation by the DCs, but facilitated the stimulation of T cell proliferation. Interestingly, following T cell activation, Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells (Treg) were increased (P=0.0267) or decreased (P=0.0195) in mice injected with Lkb1 knockdown DCs or overexpressing DCs, respectively. Further exploration revealed that LKB1 inhibited OX40L (P=0.0385) and CD86 (P=0.0111) expression, and these co-stimulatory molecules enhanced Treg proliferation, and downregulated immune suppressive cytokine IL-10 (P=0.0315). Moreover, we found that the injection of the DCs with limited LKB1 expression before tumor inoculation could reduce their production of granzyme B (P<0.0001) and perforin (P=0.0042) from CD8+T cells, thereby impairing their cytotoxicity and promoting tumor growth. Conclusion Our data suggest that LKB1 can enhance DC-mediated T cell immunity by restraining Treg development and thereby suppressing tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China 241000
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16
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Liu Y, Pagacz J, Wolfgeher DJ, Bromerg KD, Gorman JV, Kron SJ. Senescent cancer cell vaccines induce cytotoxic T cell responses targeting primary tumors and disseminated tumor cells. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e005862. [PMID: 36792123 PMCID: PMC9933761 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune tolerance contributes to resistance to conventional cancer therapies such as radiation. Radiotherapy induces immunogenic cell death, releasing a burst of tumor antigens, but this appears insufficient to stimulate an effective antitumor immune response. Radiation also increases infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), but their effector function is short lived. Although CTL exhaustion may be at fault, combining immune checkpoint blockade with radiation is insufficient to restore CTL function in most patients. An alternative model is that antigen presentation is the limiting factor, suggesting a defect in dendritic cell (DC) function. METHODS Building on our prior work showing that cancer cells treated with radiation in the presence of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibitor veliparib undergo immunogenic senescence, we reexamined senescent cells (SnCs) as preventative or therapeutic cancer vaccines. SnCs formed in vitro were cocultured with splenocytes and evaluated by scRNA-seq to examine immunogenicity. Immature bone-marrow-derived DCs cocultured with SnCs were examined for maturation and activation by flow cytometry and T cell proliferation assays. Viable SnCs or SnC-activated DCs were injected subcutaneously, and vaccine effects were evaluated by analysis of immune response, prevention of tumor engraftment, regression of established tumors and/or potentiation of immunotherapy or radiotherapy. RESULTS Murine CT26 colon carcinoma or 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells treated with radiation and veliparib form SnCs that promote DC maturation and activation in vitro, leading to efficient, STING-dependent CTL priming. Injecting mice with SnCs induces antigen-specific CTLs and confers protection from tumor engraftment. Injecting immunogenic SnCs into tumor-bearing mice increases inflammation with activated CTLs, suppresses tumor growth, potentiates checkpoint blockade, enhances radiotherapy and blocks colonization by disseminated tumor cells. Addressing the concern that reinjecting tumor cells into patients may be impractical, DCs activated with SnCs in vitro were similarly effective to SnCs in suppressing established tumors and blocking metastases. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic vaccines based on senescent tumor cells and/or SnC-activated DCs have the potential to improve genotoxic and immune therapies and limit recurrence or metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology and Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Joanna Pagacz
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology and Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Donald J Wolfgeher
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology and Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jacob V Gorman
- Oncology Discovery, AbbVie, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen J Kron
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology and Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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17
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Schwarze JK, Tijtgat J, Awada G, Cras L, Vasaturo A, Bagnall C, Forsyth R, Dufait I, Tuyaerts S, Van Riet I, Neyns B. Intratumoral administration of CD1c (BDCA-1) + and CD141 (BDCA-3) + myeloid dendritic cells in combination with talimogene laherparepvec in immune checkpoint blockade refractory advanced melanoma patients: a phase I clinical trial. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005141. [PMID: 36113895 PMCID: PMC9486335 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intratumoral (IT) myeloid dendritic cells (myDCs) play a pivotal role in initiating antitumor immune responses and relicensing of anti-tumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) induces immunogenic cell death, thereby providing maturation signals and enhancing the release of tumor antigens that can be captured and processed by CD1c (BDCA-1)+ / CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs, in order to reinvigorate the cancer-immunity cycle. METHODS In this phase I trial, patients with advanced melanoma who failed standard therapy were eligible for IT injections of ≥1 non-visceral metastases with T-VEC on day 1 followed by IT injection of CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs +/- CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs on day 2. T-VEC injections were repeated on day 21 and every 14 days thereafter. The number of IT administered CD1c (BDCA-1)+ myDCs was escalated from 0.5×106, to 1×106, to a maximum of 10×106 cells in three sequential cohorts. In cohort 4, all isolated CD1c (BDCA-1)+ / CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs were used for IT injection. Primary objectives were safety and feasibility. Repetitive biopsies of treated lesions were performed. RESULTS In total, 13 patients were enrolled (cohort 1 n=2; cohort 2 n=2; cohort 3 n=3; cohort 4 n=6). Patients received a median of 6 (range 3-8) T-VEC injections. The treatment was safe with most frequent adverse events being fatigue (n=11 (85%)), fever (n=8 (62%)), and chills/influenza-like symptoms (n=6 (46%)). Nine (69%) and four patients (31%), respectively, experienced pain or redness at the injection-site. Clinical responses were documented in injected and non-injected lesions. Two patients (cohort 3) who previously progressed on anti-PD-1 therapy (and one patient also on anti-CTLA-4 therapy) developed a durable, pathologically confirmed complete response that is ongoing at 33 and 35 months following initiation of study treatment. One additional patient treated (cohort 4) had an unconfirmed partial response as best response; two additional patients had a mixed response (with durable complete responses of some injected and non-injected lesions). On-treatment biopsies revealed a strong infiltration by inflammatory cells in regressing lesions. CONCLUSIONS IT coinjection of autologous CD1c (BDCA-1)+ +/- CD141 (BDCA-3)+ myDCs with T-VEC is feasible, tolerable and resulted in encouraging early signs of antitumor activity in immune checkpoint inhibitor-refractory melanoma patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03747744.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Katharina Schwarze
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jens Tijtgat
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gil Awada
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Louise Cras
- Department of Anatomopathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Ramses Forsyth
- Department of Anatomopathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology/Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
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18
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Moreo E, Uranga S, Picó A, Gómez AB, Nardelli-Haefliger D, Del Fresno C, Murillo I, Puentes E, Rodríguez E, Vales-Gómez M, Pardo J, Sancho D, Martín C, Aguilo N. Novel intravesical bacterial immunotherapy induces rejection of BCG-unresponsive established bladder tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004325. [PMID: 35781395 PMCID: PMC9252205 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intravesical BCG is the gold-standard therapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC); however, it still fails in a significant proportion of patients, so improved treatment options are urgently needed. Methods Here, we compared BCG antitumoral efficacy with another live attenuated mycobacteria, MTBVAC, in an orthotopic mouse model of bladder cancer (BC). We aimed to identify both bacterial and host immunological factors to understand the antitumoral mechanisms behind effective bacterial immunotherapy for BC. Results We found that the expression of the BCG-absent proteins ESAT6/CFP10 by MTBVAC was determinant in mediating bladder colonization by the bacteria, which correlated with augmented antitumoral efficacy. We further analyzed the mechanism of action of bacterial immunotherapy and found that it critically relied on the adaptive cytotoxic response. MTBVAC enhanced both tumor antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses, in a process dependent on stimulation of type 1 conventional dendritic cells. Importantly, improved intravesical bacterial immunotherapy using MBTVAC induced eradication of fully established bladder tumors, both as a monotherapy and specially in combination with the immune checkpoint inhibitor antiprogrammed cell death ligand 1 (anti PD-L1). Conclusion These results contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms behind successful bacterial immunotherapy against BC and characterize a novel therapeutic approach for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Moreo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Pediatría, Radiología y Salud Pública, Universidad de Zaragoza/IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERES, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Uranga
- Departamento de Microbiología, Pediatría, Radiología y Salud Pública, Universidad de Zaragoza/IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERES, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Picó
- Departamento de Microbiología, Pediatría, Radiología y Salud Pública, Universidad de Zaragoza/IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERES, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Gómez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Pediatría, Radiología y Salud Pública, Universidad de Zaragoza/IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERES, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Del Fresno
- Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,Immunobiology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Mar Vales-Gómez
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, CNB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Pardo
- CIBERES, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IIS Aragon/CIBA, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Lab, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Martín
- Departamento de Microbiología, Pediatría, Radiología y Salud Pública, Universidad de Zaragoza/IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBERES, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nacho Aguilo
- Departamento de Microbiología, Pediatría, Radiología y Salud Pública, Universidad de Zaragoza/IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain .,CIBERES, CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Hochgerner M, Bauer T, Zyulina V, Glitzner E, Warsi S, Konkel JE, Tam-Amersdorfer C, Chen W, Karlsson S, Sibilia M, Strobl H. BMPR1a is required for the optimal TGF-β1 dependent CD207 + Langerhans cell differentiation and limits skin inflammation via CD11c + cells. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2446-2454.e3. [PMID: 35300973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The cytokine TGF-β1 induces epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) differentiation from human precursors, an effect mediated via bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1a (BMPR1a)/ALK3 signaling, as revealed from ectopic expression and receptor inhibition studies. Whether TGF-β1-BMPR1a signaling is required for LC differentiation in vivo remained incompletely understood. We found that TGF-β1 deficient mice show defective perinatal expansion and differentiation of LCs. LCs can be identified within the normal healthy human epidermis by anti-BMPR1a immunohistology staining. Deletion of BMPR1a in all (vav+) hematopoietic cells revealed that BMPR1a is required for the efficient TGF-β1-dependent generation of CD207+ LC-like cells from CD11c+ intermediates in vitro. Similarly, BMPR1a was required for the optimal induction of CD207 by preformed MHCII+ epidermal resident LC precursors in the steady-state. BMPR1a expression is strongly upregulated in epidermal cells in psoriatic lesions, and BMPR1aΔCD11c mice showed a defect in the resolution phase of allergic and psoriatic skin inflammation. Moreover, while LCs from these mice expressed CD207, BMPR1a counteracted LC activation and migration from skin explant cultures. Therefore, TGF-β1-BMPR1a signaling seems to be required for the efficient induction of CD207 during LC differentiation in the steady-state, and bone marrow-derived lesional CD11c+ cells may limit established skin inflammation via enhanced BMPR1a signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Hochgerner
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauer
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Victoria Zyulina
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Glitzner
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Warsi
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joanne E Konkel
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carmen Tam-Amersdorfer
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wanjun Chen
- Mucosal Immunology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefan Karlsson
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Hernández-García E, Cueto FJ, Cook ECL, Redondo-Urzainqui A, Charro-Zanca S, Robles-Vera I, Conde-Garrosa R, Nikolić I, Sabio G, Sancho D, Iborra S. Conventional type 1 dendritic cells protect against age-related adipose tissue dysfunction and obesity. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:260-75. [PMID: 34983945 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) scan and integrate environmental cues in almost every tissue, including exogenous metabolic signals. While cDCs are critical in maintaining immune balance, their role in preserving energy homeostasis is unclear. Here, we showed that Batf3-deficient mice lacking conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1s) had increased body weight and adiposity during aging. This led to impaired energy expenditure and glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and liver steatosis. cDC1 deficiency caused adipose tissue inflammation that was preceded by a paucity of NK1.1+ invariant NKT (iNKT) cells. Accordingly, among antigen-presenting cells, cDC1s exhibited notable induction of IFN-γ production by iNKT cells, which plays a metabolically protective role in lean adipose tissue. Flt3L treatment, which expands the dendritic cell (DC) compartment, mitigated diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia in a Batf3-dependent manner. This effect was partially mediated by NK1.1+ cells. These results reveal a new critical role for the cDC1-iNKT cell axis in the regulation of adipose tissue homeostasis.
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21
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Gündüz M, Tuğcu D, Ünüvar A, Yegen G, Büyükbabani N, Öztürk Sarı Ş. Pediatric Case of Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm: A Rare Entity. Turk J Haematol 2021; 39:68-69. [PMID: 34753276 PMCID: PMC8886266 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.galenos.2021.2021.0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gündüz
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Tuğcu
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Ünüvar
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Yegen
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesimi Büyükbabani
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şule Öztürk Sarı
- İstanbul University, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, İstanbul, Turkey
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22
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Delvecchio FR, Fincham REA, Spear S, Clear A, Roy-Luzarraga M, Balkwill FR, Gribben JG, Bombardieri M, Hodivala-Dilke K, Capasso M, Kocher HM. Pancreatic Cancer Chemotherapy Is Potentiated by Induction of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1543-1565. [PMID: 34252585 PMCID: PMC8529396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) may confer survival benefit to patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), in an otherwise immunologically inert malignancy. Yet, the precise role in PDAC has not been elucidated. Here, we aim to investigate the structure and role of TLSs in human and murine pancreatic cancer. METHODS Multicolor immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to fully characterize TLSs in human and murine (transgenic [KPC (KrasG12D, p53R172H, Pdx-1-Cre)] and orthotopic) pancreatic cancer. An orthotopic murine model was developed to study the development of TLSs and the effect of the combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy on tumor growth. RESULTS Mature, functional TLSs are not ubiquitous in human PDAC and KPC murine cancers and are absent in the orthotopic murine model. TLS formation can be induced in the orthotopic model of PDAC after intratumoral injection of lymphoid chemokines (CXCL13/CCL21). Coadministration of systemic chemotherapy (gemcitabine) and intratumoral lymphoid chemokines into orthotopic tumors altered immune cell infiltration ,facilitating TLS induction and potentiating antitumor activity of chemotherapy. This resulted in significant tumor reduction, an effect not achieved by either treatment alone. Antitumor activity seen after TLS induction is associated with B cell-mediated dendritic cell activation. CONCLUSIONS This study provides supportive evidence that TLS induction may potentiate the antitumor activity of chemotherapy in a murine model of PDAC. A detailed understanding of TLS kinetics and their induction, owing to multiple host and tumor factors, may help design personalized therapies harnessing the potential of immune-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca R Delvecchio
- Centre for Tumor Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E A Fincham
- Centre for Tumor Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Spear
- Centre for Tumor Micro-environment, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Clear
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Roy-Luzarraga
- Centre for Tumor Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frances R Balkwill
- Centre for Tumor Micro-environment, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John G Gribben
- Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Bombardieri
- Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke
- Centre for Tumor Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Melania Capasso
- Centre for Tumor Micro-environment, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hemant M Kocher
- Centre for Tumor Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Cancer Research UK Barts Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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Owens JA, Saeedi BJ, Naudin CR, Hunter-Chang S, Barbian ME, Eboka RU, Askew L, Darby TM, Robinson BS, Jones RM. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Orchestrates an Antitumor Immune Response. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1311-1327. [PMID: 34111601 PMCID: PMC8463873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In colorectal cancer, approximately 95% of patients are refractory to immunotherapy because of low antitumor immune responses. Therefore, there is an exigent need to develop treatments that increase antitumor immune responses and decrease tumor burden to enhance immunotherapy. METHODS The gut microbiome has been described as a master modulator of immune responses. We administered the human commensal, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), to mice and characterized the changes in the gut immune landscape. Because the presence of lactobacilli in the gut microbiome has been linked with decreased tumor burden and antitumor immune responses, we also supplemented a genetic and a chemical model of murine intestinal cancer with LGG. For clinical relevance, we therapeutically administered LGG after tumors had formed. We also tested for the requirement of CD8 T cells in LGG-mediated modulation of gut tumor burden. RESULTS We detected increased colonic CD8 T-cell responses specifically in LGG-supplemented mice. The CD8 T-cell induction was dependent on dendritic cell activation mediated via Toll-like receptor-2, thereby describing a novel mechanism in which a member of the human microbiome induces an intestinal CD8 T-cell response. We also show that LGG decreased tumor burden in the murine gut cancer models by a CD8 T-cell-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS These data support the potential use of LGG to augment antitumor immune responses in colorectal cancer patients and ultimately for increasing the breadth and efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Owens
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bejan J. Saeedi
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Crystal R. Naudin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sarah Hunter-Chang
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Maria E. Barbian
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Richard U. Eboka
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lauren Askew
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Trevor M. Darby
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Brian S. Robinson
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rheinallt M. Jones
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Emory Microbiome Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Rheinallt M. Jones, PhD, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, Georgia 30322. fax: (404) 727-8538.
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Porcelli L, Guida M, De Summa S, Di Fonte R, De Risi I, Garofoli M, Caputo M, Negri A, Strippoli S, Serratì S, Azzariti A. uPAR + extracellular vesicles: a robust biomarker of resistance to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma patients. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-002372. [PMID: 33972390 PMCID: PMC8112420 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of extracellular vesicle (EV)-based biomarkers of resistance to immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic melanoma. Considering the tumor-promoting implications of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) signaling, this study aimed to assess uPAR expression in the plasma-derived EVs of patients with metastatic melanoma to determine its potential correlation with clinical outcomes. Methods Blood samples from 71 patients with metastatic melanoma were collected before initiating immunotherapy. Tumor-derived and immune cell-derived EVs were isolated and analyzed to assess the relative percentage of uPAR+ EVs. The associations between uPAR and clinical outcomes, sex, BRAF status, baseline lactate dehydrogenase levels and number of metastatic sites were assessed. Results Responders had a significantly lower percentage of tumor-derived, dendritic cell (DC)-derived and CD8+ T cell-derived uPAR +EVs at baseline than non-responders. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves for the uPAR+EV quartiles indicated that higher levels of melanoma-derived uPAR+ EVs were strongly correlated with poorer progression-free survival (p<0.0001) and overall survival (p<0.0001). We also found a statistically significant correlation between lower levels of uPAR+ EVs from both CD8+ T cells and DCs and better survival. Conclusions Our results indicate that higher levels of tumor-derived, DC-derived and CD8+ T cell-derived uPAR+ EVs in non-responders may represent a new biomarker of innate resistance to immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors. Moreover, uPAR+ EVs represent a new potential target for future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Porcelli
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Guida
- Rare tumors and Melanoma Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona De Summa
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Di Fonte
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Ivana De Risi
- Rare tumors and Melanoma Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Marianna Garofoli
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Mariapia Caputo
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Negri
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Sabino Strippoli
- Rare tumors and Melanoma Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Serratì
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology, IRCCS-Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
| | - Amalia Azzariti
- Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy
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Dhandapani H, Seetharaman A, Jayakumar H, Ganeshrajah S, Singh SS, Thangarajan R, Ramanathan P. Autologous cervical tumor lysate pulsed dendritic cell stimulation followed by cisplatin treatment abrogates FOXP3+ cells in vitro. J Gynecol Oncol 2021; 32:e59. [PMID: 33908712 PMCID: PMC8192235 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2021.32.e59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dendritic cells (DCs) are administered as immunotherapeutic adjuvants after the completion of standard treatment in most settings. However, our Phase I trial indicated that one patient out of four, who received autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell (TLDC) also received cisplatin chemotherapy and experienced complete regression of her lung lesion, continuing to be disease free till date. Hence, the objective of our current study is to evaluate the sustenance or augmentation of immune responses when autologous human papillomavirus positive cervical tumor lysate pulsed DC- are combined with cisplatin, using co-culture assays in vitro. Methods Before treatment, peripheral blood and punch biopsy samples were collected from 23 cervical cancer patients after obtaining an informed consent. DC functionality was confirmed through phenotypic and functional assays using autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells as responders. For cisplatin experiments, the drug was added at 150, 200 (clinical dose equivalent), and 400 µM concentrations to DCs alone or DC-T cell co-cultures. Phenotypic assessment and functional characterization of DCs was done using flow cytometry. Cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and interferon (IFN)-γ enzyme-linked immune absorbent spot assays were also performed. Results The functionality of TLDCs was not compromised upon cisplatin treatment in vitro even at the highest (400 μM) concentration. Even though cisplatin treatment reduced the secretion of IFN-γ and interleukin (IL)-12p40 in co-cultures stimulated with TLDCs, this effect was not significant (p>0.05). A doubling of IFN-γ secretion following cisplatin treatment was observed in at least one of three independent experiments. Additional experiments showed a reduction in both FOXP3+ regulatory T cells and IL-10 levels. Conclusion Our results provide evidence that cisplatin treatment may be given after autologous TLDC administration to maintain or improve a productive anti-tumor response in vaccinated patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemavathi Dhandapani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Abirami Seetharaman
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Hascitha Jayakumar
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Selvaluxmy Ganeshrajah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Shirley Sunder Singh
- Department of Oncopathology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Rajkumar Thangarajan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Priya Ramanathan
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Dr. Krishnamurthy Campus, Chennai 600036, India.
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Fu C, Tian G, Duan J, Liu K, Zhang C, Yan W, Wang Y. Therapeutic Antitumor Efficacy of Cancer Stem Cell-Derived DRibble Vaccine on Colorectal Carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3249-3260. [PMID: 34400894 PMCID: PMC8364449 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.61510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has been a promising strategy for colon cancer therapy, but the efficacy of dendritic cell vaccines is in part limited by immunogenicity of loaded antigens. In this study, we aimed to identify a putative tumor antigen that can generate or enhance anti-tumor immune responses against colon cancer. CD44+ colon cancer stem cells (CCSCs) were isolated from mouse colorectal carcinoma CT-26 cell cultures and induced to form defective ribosomal products-containing autophagosome-rich blebs (DRibbles) by treatment with rapamycin, bortezomib, and ammonium chloride. DRibbles were characterized by western blot and transmission electron microscopy. DCs generated from the mice bone marrow monocytes were cocultured with DRibbles, then surface markers of DCs were analyzed by flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the efficacy of DRibble-DCs was examined in vivo. Our results showed that CCSC-derived DRibbles upregulated CD80, CD86, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I, and MHC-II on DCs and induced proliferation of mouse splenic lymphocytes and CD8+ T cells. In a model of colorectal carcinoma using BALB/c mice with robust tumor growth and mortality, DC vaccine pulsed with CCSC-derived DRibbles suppressed tumor growth and extended survival. A lactate dehydrogenase test indicated a strong cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T-cells derived from mice vaccinated with CCSC-derived DRibbles against CT-26 cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry analyses showed that the percentages of IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T-cells were increased in SD-DC group compare with the other groups. These findings provide a rationale for novel immunotherapeutic anti-tumor approaches based on DRibbles derived from colon cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Fu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.,Stanford University Medical School, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Geer Tian
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jinyue Duan
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Weiqun Yan
- Medical Institute of Regeneration Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
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Braiki M, Benzinou A, Nasreddine K, Hymery N. Automatic Human Dendritic Cells Segmentation Using K-Means Clustering and Chan-Vese Active Contour Model. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2020; 195:105520. [PMID: 32497772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Nowadays, the number of pathologies related to food are multiplied. Mycotoxins are one of the most severe food contaminants that cause serious effects on the human health. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an assessment tool for evaluating their impact on the immune response. Recently, a new investigational method using human dendritic cells was endorsed by biologists. Nevertheless, analysis of the morphological features and the behavior of these cells remains merely visual. In addition, this manual analysis is difficult and time-consuming. Here, we focus mainly on automating the evaluation process by using advanced image processing technology. METHODS An automatic segmentation approach of microscopic dendritic cell images is developed to provide a fast and objective evaluation. First, a combination of K-means clustering and mathematical morphology is used to detect dendritic cells. Second, a region-based Chan-Vese active contour model is used to segment the detected cells more precisely. Finally, dendritic cells are extracted by a filtering based on eccentricity measure. RESULTS The proposed scheme is tested on an actual dataset containing 421 microscopic dendritic cell images. The experimental results show high conformity between the results of the proposed scheme and ground-truth elaborated by biological expert. Moreover, a comparative study with other state-of-art segmentation schemes demonstrates the efficiency of the proposed method. It gives the highest average accuracy rate (99.42 %) compared to recent studied approaches. CONCLUSIONS The proposed image segmentation method for morphological analysis of dendrite inhibition can consistently be used as an assessment tool for biologists to facilitate the evaluation of serious health impacts of mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Braiki
- ENIB, UMR CNRS 6285 LabSTICC, 29238, Brest, France; UTM, ISTMT, LR13ES07 (LRBTM), 1006, Tunis, Tunisie
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Nishimura T, Saito Y, Washio K, Komori S, Respatika D, Kotani T, Murata Y, Ohnishi H, Mizobuchi S, Matozaki T. SIRPα on CD11c + cells induces Th17 cell differentiation and subsequent inflammation in the CNS in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:1560-1570. [PMID: 32438469 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) is expressed predominantly on type 2 conventional dendritic cells (cDC2s) and macrophages. We previously showed that mice systemically lacking SIRPα were resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Here, we showed that deletion of SIRPα in CD11c+ cells of mice (SirpaΔDC mice) also markedly ameliorated the development of EAE. The frequency of cDCs and migratory DCs (mDCs), as well as that of Th17 cells, were significantly reduced in draining lymph nodes of SirpaΔDC mice at the onset of EAE. In addition, we found the marked reduction in the number of Th17 cells and DCs in the CNS of SirpaΔDC mice at the peak of EAE. Whereas inducible systemic ablation of SIRPα before the induction of EAE prevented disease development, that after EAE onset did not ameliorate the clinical signs of disease. We also found that EAE development was partially attenuated in mice with CD11c+ cell-specific ablation of CD47, a ligand of SIRPα. Collectively, our results suggest that SIRPα expressed on CD11c+ cells, such as cDC2s and mDCs, is indispensable for the development of EAE, being required for the priming of self-reactive Th17 cells in the periphery as well as for the inflammation in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Nishimura
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Saito
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Ken Washio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satomi Komori
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Datu Respatika
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Reconstruction, Oculoplasty, and Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Takenori Kotani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoji Murata
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohnishi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mizobuchi
- Division of Anesthesiology, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Matozaki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
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Li X, Zhou L, Gu Y, Chen L, Gu L, Huang Y. Quantative HBsAg level correlates dendritic cells maturation in chronic hepatitis B patients. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:321-328. [PMID: 31451414 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to better understand the role of Dendritic cells (DCs) in Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB), we investigated the frequencies and maturation markers on DCs in CHB patients and its change during entecavir treatment. METHODS Twenty-six CHB patients on anti-virus treatment for 48 weeks were included in this study. Patients' blood samples were collected on every 3 months since starting treatment. Samples on baseline and after 48 weeks treatment were examined using flow-cytometry to investigate frequencies and maturation markers of DCs. RESULTS The frequencies of myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) were lower in CHB patients than healthy controls on baseline. pDCs frequencies and mDCs maturation markers expression were increased after entecavir (ETV) treatment. Patients with higher baseline HBsAg levels showed a poorer maturation status than those with low baseline HBsAg levels, regardless of changes in HBsAg levels after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Entecavir treatment could restore the decreased DCs frequencies in CHB patients and improve DCs maturation levels. Baseline HBsAg level is an important factor that affecting DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yurong Gu
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lubiao Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehua Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Shah AU, Cao Y, Siddique N, Lin J, Yang Q. miR29a and miR378b Influence CpG-Stimulated Dendritic Cells and Regulate cGAS/STING Pathway. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:E197. [PMID: 31779082 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7040197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cytosine–phosphate–guanosine (CpG) motif, which is specifically recognized intracellularly by dendritic cells (DCs), plays a crucial role in regulating the innate immune response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can strongly influence the antigen-presenting ability of DCs. In this study, we examine the action of miRNAs on CpG-stimulated and control DCs, as well as their effect on cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (GMP–AMP) synthase (cGAS) and the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signal pathway. Firstly, we selected miRNAs (miR-29a and miR-378b) based on expression in CpG-stimulated mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Secondly, we investigated the functions of miR-29a and miR-378b on CpG-stimulated and unstimulated BMDCs. The results showed that miR-29a and miR-378b increased expression of both the immunoregulatory DC surface markers (CD86 and CD40) and the immunosuppressive molecule CD273 by DCs. Thirdly, cytokine detection revealed that both miR-29a and miR-378b enhanced interferon-β (IFN-β) expression while suppressing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production. Finally, our results suggest that miR-378b can bind TANK-binding kinase binding protein 1 (TBKBP1) to activate the cGAS/STING signaling pathway. By contrast, miR-29a targeted interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) and promoted the expression of STING. Together, our results provide insight into the molecular mechanism of miRNA induction by CpG to regulate DC function.
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Eskandarian M, Moazzeni SM. Uterine Dendritic Cells Modulation by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Provides A Protective Microenvironment at The Feto-Maternal Interface: Improved Pregnancy Outcome in Abortion-Prone Mice. Cell J 2019; 21:274-280. [PMID: 31210433 PMCID: PMC6582417 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.6239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective Dendritic cells (DCs) as major regulators of the immune response in the decidua play a pivotal role in establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Immunological disorders are considered to be the main causes of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSAs). Recently, we reported that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy could improve fetal survival and reduce the abortion rate in abortion-prone mice, although the precise mechanisms of this action are poorly understood. Since MSCs have been shown to exert immunomodulatory effects on the immune cells, especially DCs, this study was performed to investigate the capability of MSCs to modulate the frequency, maturation state, and phenotype of uterine DCs (uDCs) as a potential mechanism for the improvement of pregnancy outcome. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, adipose-derived MSCs were intraperitoneally administered to abortion-prone pregnant mice on the fourth day of gestation. On the day 13.5 of pregnancy, after the determination of abortion rates, the frequency, phenotype, and maturation state of uDCs were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results Our results indicated that the administration of MSCs, at the implantation window, could significantly decrease the abortion rate and besides, increase the frequency of uDCs. MSCs administration also remarkably decreased the expression of DCs maturation markers (MHC-II, CD86, and CD40) on uDCs. However, we did not find any difference in the expression of CD11b on uDCs in MSCs-treated compared to control mice. Conclusion Regarding the mutual role of uDCs in establishment of a particular immunological state required for appropriate implantation, proper maternal immune responses and development of successful pregnancy, it seems that the modulation of uDCs by MSCs could be considered as one of the main mechanisms responsible for the positive effect of MSCs on treatment of RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Eskandarian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Moazzeni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.Electronic Address:
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Rivera-Fernández I, Argueta-Donohué J, Wilkins-Rodríguez AA, Gutiérrez-Kobeh L. Effect of Two Different Isolates of Leishmania mexicana in the Production of Cytokines and Phagocytosis by Murine Dendritic Cells. J Parasitol 2019; 105:359-370. [PMID: 31033389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Species of the genus Leishmania are the causal agents of leishmaniasis, a disease with diametrically different clinical manifestations that have been attributed to the species and host immune response. Some Leishmania species, including Leishmania mexicana, are capable of causing both localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL). Therefore, it is possible that intraspecific differences may exist that contribute to the development of distinct clinical forms. Dendritic cells (DC) are important host cells of Leishmania spp. parasites, and cytokine production and phagocytosis upon infection with the parasite are significant for the outcome of the disease. In the present study we analyzed the production of IL-12, TNF-α, and IL-10 by DC infected with L. mexicana amastigotes isolated from a patient with LCL (amastigote = Lac) and from a patient with DCL (amastigote = Diact) by murine DC. Furthermore, we compared the frequency of phagocytosis of L. mexicana amastigotes of each isolate by fluorescence and optical microscopy and by flow cytometry. We show that the infection of DC with Diact amastigotes elicited the secretion of IL-10, TNF-α, and IL-12 by DC to a major extent as compared to the infection with Lac amastigotes. On the other hand, Lac and Diact amastigotes were similarly phagocytosed by DC, but interestingly there were more vacuoles in DC infected with Diact amastigotes. Our results suggest that isolates from a same species of Leishmania, such as L. mexicana, with different degrees of virulence according to the clinical manifestation they cause, differ in their capacity to elicit cytokine production and form vacuoles in DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Rivera-Fernández
- 1 Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Juan Badiano no. 1. Col. Belisario Domínguez, sección XVI, cp 14080, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jesús Argueta-Donohué
- 2 Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Huipulco, cp 14370 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Arturo A Wilkins-Rodríguez
- 1 Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Juan Badiano no. 1. Col. Belisario Domínguez, sección XVI, cp 14080, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Laila Gutiérrez-Kobeh
- 1 Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Juan Badiano no. 1. Col. Belisario Domínguez, sección XVI, cp 14080, Ciudad de México, México
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Li LY, Zhang HR, Jiang ZL, Chang YZ, Shao CZ. Overexpression of Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-3-Grabbing Nonintegrin in Dendritic Cells Protecting against Aspergillosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 131:2575-2582. [PMID: 30381591 PMCID: PMC6213851 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.244103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in host defense against pathogen infection. DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (SIGN) is a group II C-type lectin receptor and specifically expressed on the surface of DCs. This study aimed to determine whether DC-SIGN affects intracellular signaling activation, Th1/Th2 imbalance and aspergillus immune evasion in aspergillus infection, and explore the application of DC-SIGN-modified DCs in immunotherapy. Methods: DCs were first obtained from the mononuclear cells of peripheral blood. The interferon (IFN)-γ and dexamethasone (Dex) were used to stimulate DCs. The expression of DC-SIGN, Th1 and Th2 cytokines, and the capacity of DCs in stimulating T cells proliferation and phagocytosis, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation were analyzed. In addition, adenovirus expression vector Ad-DC-SIGN was generated to transfect DCs. Mannan was used to block DC-SIGN signaling for confirming the involvement of DC-SIGN function in Aspergillus fumigatus (Af)-induced DCs maturation. The unpaired, two-tailed Student's t-test was used in the comparisons between two groups. Results: Exogenous IFN-γ could activate Af-induced DCs and promote the Th0 cells toward Th1 profile (interleukin [IL]-12 in IFN-γ/Af group: 50.96 ± 4.38 pg/ml; control/Af group: 29.70 ± 2.00 pg/ml, t = 10.815, P < 0.001). On the other hand, Dex inhibited the secretion of Th2 cytokines (IL-10 in Dex/Af group: 5.27 ± 0.85 pg/ml; control/Af group: 15.14 ± 1.40 pg/ml, t = 14.761, P < 0.001)), and successfully caused immunosuppression. After transfection with Ad-DC-SIGN, DCs have improved phagocytosis (phagocytosis rates in Ad-DC-SIGN group: 74.0% ± 3.4%; control group: 64.7% ± 6.8%, t = 3.104, P = 0.013). There was more Th1 cytokine secreted in the Af-induced DC-SIGN modified DCs (IL-12 in Ad-DC-SIGN/Af group: 471.98 ± 166.31 pg/ml; control/Af group: 33.35 ± 5.98 pg/ml, t = 6.456, P = 0.001), correlated to the enhanced NF-κB activation. Conclusion: Overexpressing DC-SIGN in DCs had a protective function on aspergillosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yang Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao-Ru Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Zhi-Long Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, The Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China
| | - Chang-Zhou Shao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Rodrigues JC, Bargman JM. Antimalarial Drugs for the Prevention of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Importance of Controlling Chronic Inflammation? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 13:679-680. [PMID: 29661771 PMCID: PMC5969469 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.03300318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Rodrigues
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Baleeiro RB, Schweinlin M, Rietscher R, Diedrich A, Czaplewska JA, Metzger M, Lehr CM, Scherlieb R, Hanefeld A, Gottschaldt M, Walden P. Nanoparticle-Based Mucosal Vaccines Targeting Tumor-Associated Antigens to Human Dendritic Cells. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2018; 12:1527-43. [PMID: 29337492 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2016.2267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The induction of effective T cell-mediated immune responses is the main objective of vaccination against cancer. T cell responses are initiated by dendritic cells (DCs) as the most potent antigen-presenting cells. Designing vaccines for efficient delivery of tumor antigens to these cells in immunogenic fashion is, therefore, a major task in tumor immunology. In this human-based in vitro study we investigated the suitability of different polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) for delivering the tumor-associated antigen Her2/neu to DCs for induction of T cell responses by mucosal vaccination. The natural polymer chitosan and novel functionalized PLGA-based polymers were used for NP production. All NPs were efficiently taken up by DCs. Her2/neu delivered by NPs was more efficiently processed and presented by DCs than the soluble protein and induced more vigorous CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation, and cytotoxic T cells. Testing the suitability of this platform for mucosal vaccination, NPs were applied to the apical side of an intestinal epithelium model and found to be efficiently transported across the epithelial layer to become available to basolateral DCs. Thus, chitosan and PLGA-based NPs are efficient carriers for delivery of antigens to DCs for induction of T cell-based immunity, and suitable for mucosal vaccine formulations.
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Velasco VY, Dudrey EF, Manglik N, Piskurich JF, Baatar D. Immune Response in Allergic Contact Dermatitis: An Integrated Learning Module. MedEdPORTAL 2018; 14:10680. [PMID: 30800880 PMCID: PMC6342427 DOI: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Medical students are introduced to skin rashes during their preclinical years and often express difficulty in differentiating the underlying mechanisms. The preclinical lessons regarding immunologically mediated skin rashes are largely forgotten by the time the students begin diagnosing and treating skin rashes during clinical rotations. This module aims to enhance student understanding of immunologic concepts by integrating material across disciplines, contextualizing within a clinical scenario, and providing opportunity for self-testing. Methods A diagram illustrating immune responses in allergic contact dermatitis was used in the Texas Tech University Paul L. Foster School of Medicine preclinical curriculum. This diagram was updated as an audiovisual learning module that traced the immune mechanisms and pathogenesis of contact dermatitis from allergen exposure to skin-rash development. A self-assessment quiz and a clinical vignette with questions were included in the module. Student usage was monitored, and an in-class survey evaluating student perception was administered. Results Sixty-four (58%) first-year medical students used this module. Twenty-eight students completed the in-class survey. Over 95% of respondents felt that the module helped them learn the new material, identify areas of weakness, and both understand the underlying pathology and big picture for this immune response. Discussion Student survey results indicate the module is clinically relevant and enhances learning. The module may be used as a component of self-directed learning in any immunology curriculum or may be used in any basic immunology course to exemplify the role of the immune system in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Y. Velasco
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, TCU and UNTHSC School of Medicine
| | - Ellen F. Dudrey
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Paul L. Foster School of Medicine
| | - Niti Manglik
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Paul L. Foster School of Medicine
| | - Janet F. Piskurich
- Professor, Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Paul L. Foster School of Medicine
| | - Dolgor Baatar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Paul L. Foster School of Medicine
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Hwang EC, Jung SI, Lee HJ, Lee JJ, Kwon DD. Generation of potent cytotoxic T lymphocytes against in male patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer by dendritic cells loaded with dying T24 bladder cancer cells. Int Braz J Urol 2017; 43:615-627. [PMID: 28266813 PMCID: PMC5557436 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2016.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In order to induce a potent cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for bladder cancer, various tumor antigens can be loaded onto DCs. Objective The aim of this study was to establish a method of immunotherapy for male patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), using bladder cancer-specific CTLs generated in vitro by DCs. Materials and Methods Monocyte-derived DCs from bladder cancer patients were induced to mature in a standard cytokine cocktail (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and PGE2: standard DCs, sDCs) or anα-type 1-polarized DC (αDC1) cocktail (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-α, IFN-γ, and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid) and loaded with the UVB-irradiated bladder cancer cell line, T24. Antigen-loaded αDC1s were evaluated by morphological and functional assays, and the bladder cancer-specific CTL response was analyzed by cytotoxic assay. Results The αDC1s significantly increased the expression of several molecules pertaining to DC maturation, regardless of whether or not the αDC1s were loaded with tumor antigens, relative to sDCs. The αDC1s demonstrated increased production of interleukin-12 both during maturation and after subsequent stimulation with CD40L that was not significantly affected by loading with tumor antigens as compared to that of sDCs. Bladder cancer-specific CTLs targeting autologous bladder cancer cells were successfully induced by αDC1s loaded with dying T24 cells. Conclusion Autologous αDC1s loaded with an allogeneic bladder cancer cell line resulted in increased bladder cancer-specific CTL responses as compared to that with sDCs, and therefore, may provide a novel source of DC-based vaccines that canbe used in immunotherapy for male patients with NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eu Chang Hwang
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea.,Department of Urology Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Il Jung
- Department of Urology Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Lee
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Jung Lee
- Research Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea.,Vaxcell- Bio Therapeutics, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea.,The Brain Korea 21 Project, Center for Biomedical Human Resources at Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Deuk Kwon
- Department of Urology Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea
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Roquilly A, McWilliam HEG, Jacqueline C, Tian Z, Cinotti R, Rimbert M, Wakim L, Caminschi I, Lahoud MH, Belz GT, Kallies A, Mintern JD, Asehnoune K, Villadangos JA. Local Modulation of Antigen-Presenting Cell Development after Resolution of Pneumonia Induces Long-Term Susceptibility to Secondary Infections. Immunity 2017; 47:135-147.e5. [PMID: 28723546 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung infections cause prolonged immune alterations and elevated susceptibility to secondary pneumonia. We found that, after resolution of primary viral or bacterial pneumonia, dendritic cells (DC), and macrophages exhibited poor antigen-presentation capacity and secretion of immunogenic cytokines. Development of these "paralyzed" DCs and macrophages depended on the immunosuppressive microenvironment established upon resolution of primary infection, which involved regulatory T (Treg) cells and the cytokine TGF-β. Paralyzed DCs secreted TGF-β and induced local Treg cell accumulation. They also expressed lower amounts of IRF4, a transcription factor associated with increased antigen-presentation capacity, and higher amounts of Blimp1, a transcription factor associated with tolerogenic functions, than DCs present during primary infection. Blimp1 expression in DC of humans suffering sepsis or trauma correlated with severity and complicated outcomes. Our findings describe mechanisms underlying sepsis- and trauma-induced immunosuppression, reveal prognostic markers of susceptibility to secondary infections and identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Roquilly
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Medical University of Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France; Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Hotel Dieu, University Hospital of Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Hamish E G McWilliam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Cedric Jacqueline
- EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Medical University of Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Zehua Tian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Raphael Cinotti
- EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Medical University of Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France; Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Hotel Dieu, University Hospital of Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Marie Rimbert
- CHU Nantes, Laboratoire d'immunologie, Center for Immuno-Monitoring Nantes Atlantic (CIMNA), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Linda Wakim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Irina Caminschi
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mireille H Lahoud
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Gabrielle T Belz
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Axel Kallies
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; The Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Justine D Mintern
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Karim Asehnoune
- EA3826 Thérapeutiques Anti-Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche en Santé 2 Nantes Biotech, Medical University of Nantes, 44000 Nantes, France; Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Hotel Dieu, University Hospital of Nantes, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - Jose A Villadangos
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Taheri E, Dabiri S, Shamsi Meymandi M, Saedi E. Possible Interrelationship of Inflammatory Cells in Dry Type Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Iran J Pathol 2017; 12:119-27. [PMID: 29515633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE There is a complicated interaction between leishmaniasis and the host immune cells, and also between the host immune cells. These interactions have fundamental effects on the outcome of the disease.The current study aimed at characterizing the number, distribution, co-localization, and interrelation of 4 types of inflammatory cells in different clinical forms of dry-type cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). METHODS Thirty-nine cases of CL were studied. The cases were classified clinically as 14 cases of acute leishmaniasis with indurated papules, nodules, and plaques with central crust formation < 2 years, 7 cases of chronic type with non-healing lesions > 2 years, and 12 cases of lupoid leishmaniasis with characteristic papules around previous scars of CL > 2 years. Paraffin-embedded blocks were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and also stained immunohistochemically for CD4, CD8, CD68, and CD1a. RESULTS In acute CL, there was a significant correlation between CD68+ macrophages and CD1a+ epidermal dendritic cells (DCs); the population of CD68+ macrophages and CD1a+ epidermal DCs increased in parallel.In lupoid CL, there was a significant correlation between CD1a+ epidermal DCs, and CD1a+ dermal DCs and population of CD1a+ epidermal DCs; the number of CD1a+ dermal DCs increased in parallel. CONCLUSIONS The result of the current study could be used as a baseline to design and study the new targeted therapy of synergistic effects of macrophages and DCs to phagocytizing leishmania bodies; and/or suggestion planning of individualizing setup of vaccine by autologous interaction of macrophages and DC in CL.
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Nurwidya F, Damayanti T, Yunus F. The Role of Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells in the Immunopathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2015; 79:5-13. [PMID: 26770229 PMCID: PMC4701795 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2016.79.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease of the airways and lungs that results in limitations of continuous airflow and is caused by exposure to noxious gasses and particles. A major cause of morbidity and mortality in adults, COPD is a complex disease pathologically mediated by many inflammatory pathways. Macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and CD8+ T-lymphocytes are the key inflammatory cells involved in COPD. Recently, the non-coding small RNA, micro-RNA, have also been intensively investigated and evidence suggest that it plays a role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Here, we discuss the accumulated evidence that has since revealed the role of each inflammatory cell and their involvement in the immunopathogenesis of COPD. Mechanisms of steroid resistance in COPD will also be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariz Nurwidya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Persahabatan General Hospital, University of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Triya Damayanti
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Persahabatan General Hospital, University of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Faisal Yunus
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Persahabatan General Hospital, University of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Khoddami M, Nadji SA, Dehghanian P, Vahdatinia M, Shamshiri AR. Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus DNA in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2015; 8:e27219. [PMID: 26870310 PMCID: PMC4746794 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.27219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare histiocytic proliferation of unknown etiology. It is characterized by granuloma-like proliferation of Langerhans-type dendritic cells and mainly affects young children. Although multiple investigators have suggested the possible role of viruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the pathogenesis of LCH, it remains, however, debated. OBJECTIVES The EBV infection is reported to be associated with LCH. Nevertheless, no report could be found about involved Iranian children in English medical literature. In this study, we investigated the presence of EBV in Iranian children with LCH. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this retrospective study, in which we investigated the prevalence of presence of EBV DNA in LCH, using paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 30 patients with LCH and 30 age and tissue-matched controls, who were operated for reasons other than infectious diseases (between the years 2002 and 2012), by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, in the department of pediatric pathology. No ethical issues arose in the study, because only the pathology reports were reviewed, retrospectively, and the patients were anonymous. RESULTS There was a significant difference in prevalence of EBV presence between patients and controls. The EBV was found by RT-PCR in 19 (63.33%) out of 30 patients and only in eight (26.7%) of 30 control samples. The P = 0.004, was calculated using chi-square test (OR: 4.75; 95% CI: 1.58 ‒ 14.25). CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first investigation performed on patients with LCH and its possible association with EBV in Iran. Considering the P = 0.004, which is statistically significant, the findings do support the hypothesis of a possible role for EBV in the pathogenesis of LCH. These results are in accordance with several previous investigations, with positive findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Khoddami
- Department of Pathology, Pediatric Pathology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Seyed Alireza Nadji
- Virology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Paria Dehghanian
- Department of Pathology, Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Paria Dehghanian, Department of Pathology, Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel/Fax: +98-2122227035, E-mail:
| | - Mahsa Vahdatinia
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Shamshiri
- Department of Community Oral Health, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Li J, Zhang F, Li J. The Immunoregulatory Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Treatment of Asthma or Asthmatic Inflammation. Am J Chin Med 2015; 43:1059-81. [PMID: 26364661 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory symptoms with variable airflow limitation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and causes high economic burden. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long-lasting history of using herbal medicine in the treatment of various respiratory diseases including asthma. In the last several decades, an increasing number of herbs have been shown to be effective in the treatment of asthma in clinical trials or asthmatic inflammation in animal models. Literature about the effects of TCM on the immune system were searched in electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus from 2000 to 2014. 'TCM' and 'asthma' were used as keywords for the searches. Over 400 literatures were searched and the literatures about the immune system were selected and reviewed. We only reviewed literatures published in English. Accumulating evidence suggests that TCM can directly inhibit the activation and migration of inflammatory cells, regulate the balance of Th1/Th2 responses, and suppress allergic hyperreactivity through inducing regulatory T cells or attenuating the function of dendritic cells (DCs). These studies provided useful information to facilitate the use of TCM to treat asthma. This review was conducted to classify the findings based on their possible mechanisms of action reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Fuchun Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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Bernardo D, Durant L, Mann ER, Bassity E, Montalvillo E, Man R, Vora R, Reddi D, Bayiroglu F, Fernández-Salazar L, English NR, Peake ST, Landy J, Lee GH, Malietzis G, Siaw YH, Murugananthan AU, Hendy P, Sánchez-Recio E, Phillips RK, Garrote JA, Scott P, Parkhill J, Paulsen M, Hart AL, Al-Hassi HO, Arranz E, Walker AW, Carding SR, Knight SC. Chemokine (C-C Motif) Receptor 2 Mediates Dendritic Cell Recruitment to the Human Colon but Is Not Responsible for Differences Observed in Dendritic Cell Subsets, Phenotype, and Function Between the Proximal and Distal Colon. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 2:22-39.e5. [PMID: 26866054 PMCID: PMC4705905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Most knowledge about gastrointestinal (GI)-tract dendritic cells (DC) relies on murine studies where CD103+ DC specialize in generating immune tolerance with the functionality of CD11b+/- subsets being unclear. Information about human GI-DC is scarce, especially regarding regional specifications. Here, we characterized human DC properties throughout the human colon. METHODS Paired proximal (right/ascending) and distal (left/descending) human colonic biopsies from 95 healthy subjects were taken; DC were assessed by flow cytometry and microbiota composition assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Colonic DC identified were myeloid (mDC, CD11c+CD123-) and further divided based on CD103 and SIRPα (human analog of murine CD11b) expression. CD103-SIRPα+ DC were the major population and with CD103+SIRPα+ DC were CD1c+ILT3+CCR2+ (although CCR2 was not expressed on all CD103+SIRPα+ DC). CD103+SIRPα- DC constituted a minor subset that were CD141+ILT3-CCR2-. Proximal colon samples had higher total DC counts and fewer CD103+SIRPα+ cells. Proximal colon DC were more mature than distal DC with higher stimulatory capacity for CD4+CD45RA+ T-cells. However, DC and DC-invoked T-cell expression of mucosal homing markers (β7, CCR9) was lower for proximal DC. CCR2 was expressed on circulating CD1c+, but not CD141+ mDC, and mediated DC recruitment by colonic culture supernatants in transwell assays. Proximal colon DC produced higher levels of cytokines. Mucosal microbiota profiling showed a lower microbiota load in the proximal colon, but with no differences in microbiota composition between compartments. CONCLUSIONS Proximal colonic DC subsets differ from those in distal colon and are more mature. Targeted immunotherapy using DC in T-cell mediated GI tract inflammation may therefore need to reflect this immune compartmentalization.
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Key Words
- AMOVA, analysis of molecular variance
- CCL, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand
- CCR, chemokine (C-C motif) receptor
- CCR2
- CFSE, 5-carboxy fluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester
- DC, dendritic cells
- DL, detection limit
- Dendritic Cells
- Distal Colon
- FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- GI, gastrointestinal
- Human Gastrointestinal Tract
- IL, interleukin
- ILT3, Ig-like transcript 3
- LPMC, lamina propria mononuclear cells
- Microbiota
- Mφ, macrophages
- PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- Proximal Colon
- RALDH2, retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type 2
- SIRPα, signal regulatory protein α
- SPB, sodium phosphate buffer
- Treg, regulatory T-cells
- mDC, myeloid dendritic cell
- pDC, plasmacytoid dendritic cell
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bernardo
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Lydia Durant
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth R. Mann
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Bassity
- Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Enrique Montalvillo
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid–CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ripple Man
- St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Rakesh Vora
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Durga Reddi
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Fahri Bayiroglu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey,Faculty of Farmacy, Agri İbrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey
| | - Luis Fernández-Salazar
- Gastroenterology Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Nick R. English
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T.C. Peake
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Landy
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Gui H. Lee
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - George Malietzis
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Harn Siaw
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Aravinth U. Murugananthan
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Phil Hendy
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Sánchez-Recio
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Robin K.S. Phillips
- St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Jose A. Garrote
- Mucosal Immunology Group, Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular (IBGM), Universidad de Valladolid–CSIC, Valladolid, Spain,Genetics and Molecular Biology Department, Clinical Laboratory Service, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Paul Scott
- Pathogen Genomics Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Parkhill
- Pathogen Genomics Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Malte Paulsen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London
| | - Ailsa L. Hart
- St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Hafid O. Al-Hassi
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Arranz
- St. Mark’s Hospital, North West London Hospitals NHS Trust, Harrow, United Kingdom
| | - Alan W. Walker
- Pathogen Genomics Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom,Microbiology Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R. Carding
- Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, United Kingdom,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Stella C. Knight
- Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Harrow, United Kingdom,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Stella C. Knight, PhD, Antigen Presentation Research Group, Imperial College London, Northwick Park and St. Mark’s Campus, Watford Road, Harrow, HA1 3UJ, United Kingdom. fax: +44 (0) 20 8869 3532.Antigen Presentation Research GroupImperial College LondonNorthwick Park and St. Mark’s Campus, Watford RoadHarrowHA1 3UJUnited Kingdom
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Ghosh A. Brain APCs including microglia are only differential and positional polymorphs. Ann Neurosci 2010; 17:191-9. [PMID: 25205905 DOI: 10.5214/ans.0972.7531.1017410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The antigen presentation to lymphocytes in brain occurs in two steps. Initially it happens at perivascular spaces by perivascular microglia/macrophage population and finally at the site of inflammation deep into brain parenchyma by the resident microglia. But recent evidence challanges the existing notion of involvement of distinct and different cells at these sites. Studies have shown that many of these microglial cells show dendritic cell phenotype in pathogenic and cytokine driven environment. Different subsets of the cell show wide range of myeloid lineage functions indicating a pre-differentiated status of the cell. Monocytic CD34(+)/B220(+) precursor cells have been transformed to microglial cells in vitro and transplantation of these cells show Iba-1 or F4/80 positivity with microglial phenotypes in vivo in adults. Even they can be converted into dendritic cell like forms. The interconvertability among macrophage-microglia-dendritic cells and final effector maturation according to the microenvironmental cues indicates existence of a pre-mature myeloid cell population concerned with antigen presentation and related functions in brain. With the substantial recent observation this article sketches the idea that brain APCs appearing as macrophage/microglia/DC like forms are derivatives of the same stock in response to their position and microenvironment. And also microglia is never any distinct cells, both in neonatal stage and adults.
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Al-Huseini LMA, Aw Yeang HX, Hamdam JM, Sethu S, Alhumeed N, Wong W, Sathish JG. Heme oxygenase-1 regulates dendritic cell function through modulation of p38 MAPK-CREB/ATF1 signaling. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:16442-51. [PMID: 24719331 PMCID: PMC4047411 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.532069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for the initiation of immune responses including activation of CD8 T cells. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels influence DC maturation and function. Intracellular heme, a product of catabolism of heme-containing metalloproteins, is a key inducer of ROS. Intracellular heme levels are regulated by heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which catalyzes the degradation of heme. Heme oxygenase-1 has been implicated in regulating DC maturation; however, its role in other DC functions is unclear. Furthermore, the signaling pathways modulated by HO-1 in DCs are unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that inhibition of HO-1 activity in murine bone marrow-derived immature DCs (iDCs) resulted in DCs with raised intracellular ROS levels, a mature phenotype, impaired phagocytic and endocytic function, and increased capacity to stimulate antigen-specific CD8 T cells. Interestingly, our results reveal that the increased ROS levels following HO-1 inhibition did not underlie the changes in phenotype and functions observed in these iDCs. Importantly, we show that the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), and activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) pathway is involved in the mediation of the phenotypic and functional changes arising from HO-1 inhibition. Furthermore, up-regulation of HO-1 activity rendered iDCs refractory to lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of p38 MAPK-CREB/ATF1 pathway and DC maturation. Finally, we demonstrate that treatment of iDC with the HO-1 substrate, heme, recapitulates the effects that result from HO-1 inhibition. Based on these results, we conclude that HO-1 regulates DC maturation and function by modulating the p38 MAPK-CREB/ATF1 signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith M A Al-Huseini
- From the Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science and Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom and the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Al-Qadisiyah University, P. O. Box 80, Diwaniyah 58001, Iraq
| | - Han Xian Aw Yeang
- From the Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science and Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom and
| | - Junnat M Hamdam
- From the Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science and Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom and
| | - Swaminathan Sethu
- From the Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science and Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom and
| | - Naif Alhumeed
- From the Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science and Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom and
| | - Wai Wong
- From the Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science and Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom and
| | - Jean G Sathish
- From the Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science and Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, United Kingdom and
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Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized antigen presentation cells that play critical roles in the initiation and regulation of immune responses. The molecular determinants of DC differentiation and maturation are target of extensive investigation. VentX is a human homeobox transcriptional factor that regulates proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. In the current study, we report that ablation of VentX expression in monocytes significantly impaired their differentiation into DCs. Conversely, overexpression of VentX in monocytic THP1 cells accelerated their differentiation toward DCs. We showed that VentX regulates DC differentiation, in part, through modulating IL6 expression. Clinically, we found that VentX expression was elevated in intestinal lamina propria DCs (LPDCs) of inflamed mucosa from inflammatory bowel disease patients. Knockdown experiments suggested that VentX is essential for the maturation of LPDCs. In addition, corticosteroid treatment markedly decreased VentX expression in LPDCs and enforced expression of VentX counteracted the effects of corticosteroid on DCs maturation. Our data suggest that VentX is a critical transcriptional regulator of DC differentiation and maturation, and a potential target of immune regulation and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wu
- From the Departments of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division and
| | - Hong Gao
- the Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Ronald Bleday
- Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Zhenglun Zhu
- From the Departments of Medicine, Gastroenterology Division and
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Xu Y, Lindemann P, Vega-Ramos J, Zhang JG, Villadangos JA. Developmental regulation of synthesis and dimerization of the amyloidogenic protease inhibitor cystatin C in the hematopoietic system. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:9730-40. [PMID: 24570004 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.538041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin C is thought to be secreted by most cells and eliminated in the kidneys, so its concentration in plasma is diagnostic of kidney function. Low extracellular cystatin C is linked to pathologic protease activity in cancer, arthritis, atherosclerosis, aortic aneurism, and emphysema. Cystatin C forms non-inhibitory dimers and aggregates by a mechanism known as domain swapping, a property that reportedly protects against Alzheimer disease but can also cause amyloid angiopathy. Despite these clinical associations, little is known about the regulation of cystatin C production, dimerization, and secretion. We show that hematopoietic cells are major contributors to extracellular cystatin C levels in healthy mice. Among these cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) are the predominant producers of cystatin C. Both cell types synthesize monomeric and dimeric cystatin C in vivo, but only secrete monomer. Dimerization occurs co-translationally in the endoplasmic reticulum and is regulated by the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from mitochondria. Drugs or stimuli that reduce the intracellular concentration of ROS inhibit cystatin C dimerization. The extracellular concentration of inhibitory cystatin C is thus partly dependent on the abundance of macrophages and DC, and the ROS levels. These results have implications for the diagnostic use of serum cystatin C as a marker of kidney function during inflammatory processes that induce changes in DC or macrophage abundance. They also suggest an important role for macrophages, DC, and ROS in diseases associated with the protease inhibitory activity or amyloidogenic properties of cystatin C.
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Heilmann M, Wellner A, Gadermaier G, Ilchmann A, Briza P, Krause M, Nagai R, Burgdorf S, Scheurer S, Vieths S, Henle T, Toda M. Ovalbumin modified with pyrraline, a Maillard reaction product, shows enhanced T-cell immunogenicity. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:7919-28. [PMID: 24505139 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.523621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Maillard reaction (also referred to as "glycation") takes place between reducing sugars and compounds with free amino groups during thermal processing of foods. In the final stage of the complex reaction cascade, the so-called advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed, including proteins with various glycation structures. It has been suggested that some AGEs could have immunostimulatory effects. Here, we aimed to identify specific glycation structure(s) that could influence the T-cell immunogenicity and potential allergenicity of food allergens, using ovalbumin (OVA, an egg white allergen) as a model allergen. OVA was specifically modified with representative glycation structures: N(ε)-carboxymethyl lysine (CM-OVA), N(ε)-carboxyethyl lysine (CE-OVA), pyrraline (Pyr-OVA), or methylglyoxal-derived arginine derivatives (MGO-OVA). As well as AGE-OVA, a crude glycation product in thermal incubation of OVA with glucose, only Pyr-OVA, and not other modified OVAs, was efficiently taken up by bone marrow-derived murine dendritic cells (BMDCs). The uptake of Pyr-OVA was reduced in scavenger receptor class A (SR-A)-deficient BMDCs, but not in cells treated with inhibitors of scavenger receptor class B, galectin-3, or blocking antibodies against CD36, suggesting that pyrraline binds to SR-A. Compared with other modified OVAs, Pyr-OVA induced higher activation of OVA-specific CD4(+) T-cells in co-culture with BMDCs. Furthermore, compared with native OVA, AGE-OVA and Pyr-OVA induced higher IgE production in mice. Pyrraline could induce better allergen uptake by DCs via association with SR-A and subsequently enhance CD4(+) T-cell activation and IgE production. Our findings help us to understand how Maillard reaction enhances the potential allergenicity of food allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Heilmann
- From the Junior Research Group 1, "Experimental Allergy Models" and
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Liberman R, Bond S, Shainheit MG, Stadecker MJ, Forgac M. Regulated assembly of vacuolar ATPase is increased during cluster disruption-induced maturation of dendritic cells through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mTOR-dependent pathway. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:1355-63. [PMID: 24273170 PMCID: PMC3894320 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.524561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The vacuolar (H(+))-ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-driven proton pumps composed of a peripheral V1 domain and a membrane-embedded V0 domain. Regulated assembly of V1 and V0 represents an important regulatory mechanism for controlling V-ATPase activity in vivo. Previous work has shown that V-ATPase assembly increases during maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells induced by activation of Toll-like receptors. This increased assembly is essential for antigen processing, which is dependent upon an acidic lysosomal pH. Cluster disruption of dendritic cells induces a semi-mature phenotype associated with immune tolerance. Thus, semi-mature dendritic cells are able to process and present self-peptides to suppress autoimmune responses. We have investigated V-ATPase assembly in bone marrow-derived, murine dendritic cells and observed an increase in assembly following cluster disruption. This increased assembly is not dependent upon new protein synthesis and is associated with an increase in concanamycin A-sensitive proton transport in FITC-loaded lysosomes. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase with wortmannin or mTORC1 with rapamycin effectively inhibits the increased assembly observed upon cluster disruption. These results suggest that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mTOR pathway is involved in controlling V-ATPase assembly during dendritic cell maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Liberman
- From the Departments of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology
- the Programs in Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Sarah Bond
- From the Departments of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology
- the Programs in Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | | | - Miguel J. Stadecker
- Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
- Immunology, Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
| | - Michael Forgac
- From the Departments of Developmental, Molecular, and Chemical Biology
- the Programs in Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
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Koorella C, Nair JR, Murray ME, Carlson LM, Watkins SK, Lee KP. Novel regulation of CD80/CD86-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling by NOTCH1 protein in interleukin-6 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase production by dendritic cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:7747-62. [PMID: 24415757 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.519686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) play a critical role in modulating antigen-specific immune responses elicited by T cells via engagement of the prototypic T cell costimulatory receptor CD28 by the cognate ligands CD80/CD86, expressed on DC. Although CD28 signaling in T cell activation has been well characterized, it has only recently been shown that CD80/CD86, which have no demonstrated binding domains for signaling proteins in their cytoplasmic tails, nonetheless also transduce signals to the DC. Functionally, CD80/CD86 engagement results in DC production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, which is necessary for full T cell activation. However, ligation of CD80/CD86 by CTLA4 also induces DC production of the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which depletes local pools of the essential amino acid tryptophan, resulting in blockade of T cell activation. Despite the significant role of CD80/CD86 in immunological processes and the seemingly opposing roles they play by producing IL-6 and IDO upon their activation, how CD80/CD86 signal remains poorly understood. We have now found that cross-linking CD80/CD86 in human DC activates the PI3K/AKT pathway. This results in phosphorylation/inactivation of its downstream target, FOXO3A, and alleviates FOXO3A-mediated suppression of IL-6 expression. A second event downstream of AKT phosphorylation is activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway, which induces IL-6 expression. In addition to these downstream pathways, we unexpectedly found that CD80/CD86-induced PI3K signaling is regulated by previously unrecognized cross-talk with NOTCH1 signaling. This cross-talk is facilitated by NOTCH-mediated up-regulation of the expression of prolyl isomerase PIN1, which in turn increases enzyme activity of casein kinase II. Subsequently, phosphatase and tensin homolog (which suppresses PI3K activity) is inactivated via phosphorylation by casein kinase II. This results in full activation of PI3K signaling upon cross-linking CD80/CD86. Similar to IL-6, we have found that CD80/CD86-induced IDO production by DC at late time points is also dependent upon the PI3K → AKT → NF-κB pathway and requires cross-talk with NOTCH signaling. These data further suggest that the same signaling pathways downstream of DC CD80/CD86 cross-linking induce early IL-6 production to enhance T cell activation, followed by later IDO production to self-limit this activation. In addition to characterizing the pathways downstream of CD80/CD86 in IL-6 and IDO production, identification of a novel cross-talk between NOTCH1 and PI3K signaling may provide new insights in other biological processes where PI3K signaling plays a major role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Koorella
- From the Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263 and
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