1
|
Manti S, Xerra F, Spoto G, Butera A, Gitto E, Di Rosa G, Nicotera AG. Neurotrophins: Expression of Brain-Lung Axis Development. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087089. [PMID: 37108250 PMCID: PMC10138985 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NTs) are a group of soluble growth factors with analogous structures and functions, identified initially as critical mediators of neuronal survival during development. Recently, the relevance of NTs has been confirmed by emerging clinical data showing that impaired NTs levels and functions are involved in the onset of neurological and pulmonary diseases. The alteration in NTs expression at the central and peripheral nervous system has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders with an early onset and severe clinical manifestations, often named "synaptopathies" because of structural and functional synaptic plasticity abnormalities. NTs appear to be also involved in the physiology and pathophysiology of several airway diseases, neonatal lung diseases, allergic and inflammatory diseases, lung fibrosis, and even lung cancer. Moreover, they have also been detected in other peripheral tissues, including immune cells, epithelium, smooth muscle, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelium. This review aims to provide a comprehensive description of the NTs as important physiological and pathophysiological players in brain and lung development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Manti
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Human and Pediatric Pathology "Gaetano Barresi", AOUP G. Martino, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Xerra
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Human and Pediatric Pathology "Gaetano Barresi", AOUP G. Martino, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Spoto
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age, "Gaetano Barresi" University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Ambra Butera
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age, "Gaetano Barresi" University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Eloisa Gitto
- Intensive Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age, "Gaetano Barresi" University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriella Di Rosa
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age, "Gaetano Barresi" University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Gennaro Nicotera
- Unit of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Developmental Age, "Gaetano Barresi" University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rubin L, Stabler CT, Schumacher-Klinger A, Marcinkiewicz C, Lelkes PI, Lazarovici P. Neurotrophic factors and their receptors in lung development and implications in lung diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 59:84-94. [PMID: 33589358 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although lung innervation has been described by many studies in humans and rodents, the regulation of the respiratory system induced by neurotrophins is not fully understood. Here, we review current knowledge on the role of neurotrophins and the expression and function of their receptors in neurogenesis, vasculogenesis and during the embryonic development of the respiratory tree and highlight key implications relevant to respiratory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limor Rubin
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Collin T Stabler
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Adi Schumacher-Klinger
- School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
| | - Cezary Marcinkiewicz
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Peter I Lelkes
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tian B, Yang C, Wang J, Hou X, Zhao S, Li Y, Yang P. Peripheral blood brain-derived neurotrophic factor level and tyrosine kinase B expression on T lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus: Implications for systemic involvement. Cytokine 2019; 123:154764. [PMID: 31255912 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) is the specific receptor for BDNF. Our aim in this study was to investigate serum BDNF level and TrkB expression on peripheral blood T cell surface in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and explore potential relationship between serum BDNF and SLE. METHODS Samples from fifty SLE patients and thirty healthy controls were evaluated. Serum BDNF level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the percentages of TrkB expression on the surface of CD3 + CD4 + and CD3 + CD8 + T lymphocytes were measured by flow cytometry. The SLE patients were divided into subgroups according to whether they exhibited brain, kidney or lung involvement, and whether the disease was active or inactive. RESULTS Serum BDNF levels in SLE patients were decreased when compared to the controls (p < 0.001). Comparing with the SLE individuals without systemic involvement, the BDNF levels were decreased in SLE patients with lupus nephritis (p = 0.042) and in SLE patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations (p = 0.04). On the other hand, the BDNF level was significantly increased in the inactive SLE group (p < 0.001) compared to the active SLE group. In addition, the percentages of TrkB expression on CD3 + CD4 + and CD3 + CD8 + T cell surface in SLE were significantly higher (p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively) than that in the controls. CONCLUSIONS Serum BDNF level combined with TrkB expression on T cell surface can reflect SLE activity. It is possible that BDNF may be used as a potential serological biomarker for disease activity of SLE. In addition, the significant decrease in serum BDNF level may imply systemic involvement of SLE, as well as, possibly, differentiate neuropsychiatric SLE from hormone-induced mental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bailing Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshu Yang
- Department of 1st Cancer Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Hou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingting Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mehta D, Granstein RD. Immunoregulatory Effects of Neuropeptides on Endothelial Cells: Relevance to Dermatological Disorders. Dermatology 2019; 235:175-186. [PMID: 30808842 DOI: 10.1159/000496538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many skin diseases, including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, have a neurogenic component. In this regard, bidirectional interactions between components of the nervous system and multiple target cells in the skin and elsewhere have been receiving increasing attention. Neuropeptides released by sensory nerves that innervate the skin can directly modulate functions of keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, dermal dendritic cells, mast cells, dermal microvascular endothelial cells and infiltrating immune cells. As a result, neuropeptides and neuropeptide receptors participate in a complex, interdependent network of mediators that modulate the skin immune system, skin inflammation, and wound healing. In this review, we will focus on recent studies demonstrating the roles of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide, and nerve growth factor in modulating inflammation and immunity in the skin through their effects on dermal microvascular endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devina Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pedard M, Quirié A, Totoson P, Verhoeven F, Garnier P, Tessier A, Demougeot C, Marie C. Vascular brain-derived neurotrophic factor pathway in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis: Effect of anti-rheumatic drugs. Atherosclerosis 2018; 274:77-85. [PMID: 29753231 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In rheumatoid arthritis, the control of both disease activity and standard cardiovascular (CV) risk factors is expected to attenuate the increased CV risk. Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in vascular biology led us to investigate the vascular BDNF pathway in arthritis rats as well as the interaction between endothelial nitric oxide (NO) and BDNF production. METHODS The aortic BDNF pathway was studied in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis, (AIA) using Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. Control of arthritis score was achieved by administration (for 3 weeks) of an equipotent dosage of etanercept, prednisolone, methotrexate, celecoxib or diclofenac. Aortas were exposed to an NO donor or an NO synthase inhibitor and vasoreactivity experiments were performed using LM22A-4 as a TrkB agonist. RESULTS Vascular BDNF and full length tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor (TrkB-FL) were higher in AIA than in control rats. These changes coincided with decreased endothelial immunoreactivity in BDNF and pTrkBtyr816 and were disconnected from arthritis score. Among anti-rheumatic drugs, only prednisolone and methotrexate prevented AIA-induced vascular BDNF loss. The effect of AIA on aortic BDNF levels was reversed by an NO donor and reproduced by an NOS inhibitor. Finally, LM22A-4 induced both NO-dependent vasodilation and phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase at serine 1177. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified changes in the BDNF/TrkB pathway as a disease activity-independent component of AIA-associated changes in endothelial phenotype. It provides new perspectives in the understanding and management of the high CV risk reported in rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pedard
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000, Dijon, France; Service de Neurologie, CHRU, Dijon, France
| | - Aurore Quirié
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Perle Totoson
- EA4267 PEPITE, FHU INCREASE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030, Besançon, France
| | - Frank Verhoeven
- EA4267 PEPITE, FHU INCREASE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030, Besançon, France
| | - Philippe Garnier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Anne Tessier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Céline Demougeot
- EA4267 PEPITE, FHU INCREASE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-25030, Besançon, France
| | - Christine Marie
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR des Sciences de Santé, F-21000, Dijon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hypoxia and Local Inflammation in Pulmonary Artery Structure and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 967:325-334. [PMID: 29047096 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is recognized as a contributor to pulmonary vascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension. Hypoxia-induced inflammatory changes can enhance structural and functional changes in pulmonary artery (PA) in the context of PH. Accordingly, understanding how hypoxia and inflammation are linked in the context of pulmonary artery structure and function could be relevant towards development of novel therapies for PH. In this regard, factors such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an inflammatory cytokine, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin, have been found critical for nonvascular systems such as airway and asthma. While TSLP canonically affects the immune system, in nonvascular systems, noncanonical effects such as altered [Ca2+]i and cell proliferation have been noted: aspects also relevant to the PA, where there is currently little to no data. Similarly, better known in the nervous system, there is increasing evidence that BDNF is locally produced by structural cells of the airway and can contribute to asthma pathophysiology. In this chapter, we summarize the potential relevance of factors such as TSLP and BDNF to the PA and in the context of hypoxia influences towards development of PH. We focus on cell sources and targets such as PA endothelial cells (PAECs) and smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and the effects of TSLP or BDNF on intracellular Ca2+ responses to vasoconstrictor agonist, cell proliferation, and potential signaling cascades involved.
Collapse
|
7
|
Manti S, Brown P, Perez MK, Piedimonte G. The Role of Neurotrophins in Inflammation and Allergy. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2016; 104:313-341. [PMID: 28215300 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Allergic inflammation is the result of a specific pattern of cellular and humoral responses leading to the activation of the innate and adaptive immune system, which, in turn, results in physiological and structural changes affecting target tissues such as the airways and the skin. Eosinophil activation and the production of soluble mediators such as IgE antibodies are pivotal features in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. In the past few years, however, convincing evidence has shown that neurons and other neurosensory structures are not only a target of the inflammatory process but also participate in the regulation of immune responses by actively releasing soluble mediators. The main products of these activated sensory neurons are a family of protein growth factors called neurotrophins. They were first isolated in the central nervous system and identified as important factors for the survival and differentiation of neurons during fetal and postnatal development as well as neuronal maintenance later in life. Four members of this family have been identified and well defined: nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin 3, and neurotrophin 4/5. Neurotrophins play a critical role in the bidirectional signaling mechanisms between immune cells and the neurosensory network structures in the airways and the skin. Pruritus and airway hyperresponsiveness, two major features of atopic dermatitis and asthma, respectively, are associated with the disruption of the neurosensory network activities. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive description of the neuroimmune interactions underlying the pathophysiological mechanisms of allergic and inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Manti
- Center for Pediatric Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - P Brown
- Center for Pediatric Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - M K Perez
- Center for Pediatric Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States; Pediatric Institute and Children's Hospital, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - G Piedimonte
- Center for Pediatric Research, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States; Pediatric Institute and Children's Hospital, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Jesus Perez VA. First among Equals: Nerve Growth Factor in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:274-5. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201504-0807ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
9
|
Hartman W, Helan M, Smelter D, Sathish V, Thompson M, Pabelick CM, Johnson B, Prakash YS. Role of Hypoxia-Induced Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Human Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129489. [PMID: 26192455 PMCID: PMC4507987 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia effects on pulmonary artery structure and function are key to diseases such as pulmonary hypertension. Recent studies suggest that growth factors called neurotrophins, particularly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), can influence lung structure and function, and their role in the pulmonary artery warrants further investigation. In this study, we examined the effect of hypoxia on BDNF in humans, and the influence of hypoxia-enhanced BDNF expression and signaling in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Methods and Results 48h of 1% hypoxia enhanced BDNF and TrkB expression, as well as release of BDNF. In arteries of patients with pulmonary hypertension, BDNF expression and release was higher at baseline. In isolated PASMCs, hypoxia-induced BDNF increased intracellular Ca2+ responses to serotonin: an effect altered by HIF1α inhibition or by neutralization of extracellular BDNF via chimeric TrkB-Fc. Enhanced BDNF/TrkB signaling increased PASMC survival and proliferation, and decreased apoptosis following hypoxia. Conclusions Enhanced expression and signaling of the BDNF-TrkB system in PASMCs is a potential mechanism by which hypoxia can promote changes in pulmonary artery structure and function. Accordingly, the BDNF-TrkB system could be a key player in the pathogenesis of hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular diseases, and thus a potential target for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Hartman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Martin Helan
- International Clinical Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anne's University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Smelter
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Michael Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Bruce Johnson
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li YJ, Yang CS, Lei L, Wu KF, Yang PT, Xiao WG. Serum nerve grow factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor profiles in Sjögren's syndrome concomitant with interstitial lung disease. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 33:1161-4. [PMID: 24691584 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-014-2588-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the serum levels and clinical significance of nerve grow factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in Sjogren's syndrome (SS) with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Fifty two untreated patients with SS were enrolled in the study. Of them, 25 patients only displayed salivary glands damage and/or lacrimal gland injury (simple SS group). The other 27 patients were lacrimal and/or salivary gland involvement as well as being concomitant only with intestinal lung disease (ILD group). Twenty-five serum samples from healthy volunteers were examined as controls. We measure serum NGF and BDNF levels by ELISA and correlate them with clinical data. Serum NGF levels were significantly higher in ILD patients (372 ± 129 pg/ml) and simple SS patients (293 ± 72 pg/ml) when compared with healthy controls (187 ± 47 pg/ml) (both p < 0.01). Significant difference were also found between the two patient groups (p < 0.01). In contrast, BDNF were significantly decreased in ILD patients (1,005 ± 143 pg/ml) when compared with either simple SS patients (1,204 ± 176 pg/ml, p < 0.01) or healthy controls (1,217 ± 155 pg/ml, p < 0.01). Correlation analysis showed NGF levels in ILD patient were positively correlated with serum levels of C-reactive protein and IgG (both p < 0.05). The abnormal NGF and BDNF in sera may be a potential character of ILD secondary to pSS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Helan M, Aravamudan B, Hartman WR, Thompson MA, Johnson BD, Pabelick CM, Prakash Y. BDNF secretion by human pulmonary artery endothelial cells in response to hypoxia. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 68:89-97. [PMID: 24462831 PMCID: PMC3977651 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Within human pulmonary artery, neurotrophin growth factors [NTs; e.g. brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)] and their high-affinity receptors (tropomyosin-related kinase; Trk) and low-affinity receptors p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) have been reported, but their functional role is incompletely understood. We tested the hypothesis that BDNF is produced by human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). In the context of hypoxia as a risk factor for pulmonary hypertension, we examined the effect of hypoxia on BDNF secretion and consequent autocrine effects on pulmonary endothelium. Initial ELISA analysis of circulating BDNF in 30 healthy human volunteers showed that 72 h exposure to high altitude (~11,000 ft, alveolar PO2 = 100 mmHg) results in higher BDNF compared to samples taken at sea level. Separately, in human PAECs exposed for 24h to normoxia vs. hypoxia (1-3% O2), ELISA of extracellular media showed increased BDNF levels. Furthermore, quantitative PCR of PAECs showed 3-fold enhancement of BDNF gene transcription with hypoxia. In PAECs, BDNF induced NO production (measured using an NO-sensitive fluorescent dye DAF2-DA) that was significantly higher under hypoxic conditions, an effect also noted with the TrkB agonist 7,8-DHF. Importantly, hypoxia-induced NO was blunted by neutralization of secreted BDNF using the chimeric TrkB-Fc. Both hypoxia and BDNF increased iNOS (but not eNOS) mRNA expression. In accordance, BDNF enhancement of NO in hypoxia was not blunted by 50 nM L-NAME (eNOS inhibition) but substantially lower with 100 μM L-NAME (eNOS and iNOS inhibition). Hypoxia and BDNF also induced expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), a subunit of the transcription factor HIF-1, and pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1 diminished hypoxia effects on BDNF expression and secretion, and NO production. These results indicate that human PAECs express and secrete BDNF in response to hypoxia via a HIF-1-regulated pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Helan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
- ICRC, International Clinical Research Center, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - William R. Hartman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
| | | | | | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
| | - Y.S. Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vohra PK, Thompson MA, Sathish V, Kiel A, Jerde C, Pabelick CM, Singh BB, Prakash YS. TRPC3 regulates release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor from human airway smooth muscle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:2953-2960. [PMID: 23899746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) enhances Ca(2+) signaling and cell proliferation in human airway smooth muscle (ASM), especially with inflammation. Human ASM also expresses BDNF, raising the potential for autocrine/paracrine effects. The mechanisms by which ASM BDNF secretion occurs are not known. Transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) regulate a variety of intracellular processes including store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE; including in ASM) and secretion of factors such as cytokines. In human ASM, we tested the hypothesis that TRPC3 regulates BDNF secretion. At baseline, intracellular BDNF was present, and BDNF secretion was detectable by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of cell supernatants or by real-time fluorescence imaging of cells transfected with GFP-BDNF vector. Exposure to the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) (20ng/ml, 48h) or a mixture of allergens (ovalbumin, house dust mite, Alternaria, and Aspergillus extracts) significantly enhanced BDNF secretion and increased TRPC3 expression. TRPC3 knockdown (siRNA or inhibitor Pyr3; 10μM) blunted BDNF secretion, and prevented inflammation effects. Chelation of extracellular Ca(2+) (EGTA; 1mM) or intracellular Ca(2+) (BAPTA; 5μM) significantly reduced secreted BDNF, as did the knockdown of SOCE proteins STIM1 and Orai1 or plasma membrane caveolin-1. Functionally, secreted BDNF had autocrine effects suggested by phosphorylation of high-affinity tropomyosin-related kinase TrkB receptor, prevented by chelating extracellular BDNF with chimeric TrkB-Fc. These data emphasize the role of TRPC3 and Ca(2+) influx in the regulation of BDNF secretion by human ASM and the enhancing effects of inflammation. Given the BDNF effects on Ca(2+) and cell proliferation, BDNF secretion may contribute to altered airway structure and function in diseases such as asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawan K Vohra
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael A Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Alexander Kiel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Calvin Jerde
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Brij B Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of North Dakota, 264 Centennial Dr, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aravamudan B, Thompson M, Pabelick C, Prakash YS. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induces proliferation of human airway smooth muscle cells. J Cell Mol Med 2012; 16:812-23. [PMID: 21651720 PMCID: PMC3175295 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01356.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway diseases such as asthma involve increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) contractility and remodelling via enhanced proliferation. Neurotrophins (NTs) such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), well-known in the nervous system, can regulate Ca2+ signalling, and interact with cytokines in contributing to airway hyperreactivity. In this study, we determined whether and how BDNF regulates human ASM cell proliferation in the presence of inflammation, thus testing its potential role in airway remodelling. Cells were treated with 10 nM BDNF, 25 ng/ml tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) or interleukin-13 (IL-13), or 10 ng/ml platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Proliferation was measured using CyQuant dye, with immunoblotting of cell cycle proteins predicted to change with proliferation. Forty-eight hours of BDNF enhanced ASM proliferation to ∼50% of that by PDGF or cytokines. Transfection with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting high-affinity tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor abolished BDNF effects on proliferation, whereas low-affinity 75 kD neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) siRNA had no effect. Systematic pharmacologic inhibition of different components of ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt1 pathways blunted BDNF or TNF-α–induced proliferation. BDNF also induced IκB phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p50 and p65 NF-κB subunits, with electron mobility shift assay confirmation of NF-κB binding to consensus DNA sequence. These results demonstrate that NTs such as BDNF can enhance human ASM cell proliferation by activating proliferation-specific signalling pathways and a versatile transcription factor such as NF-κB, which are common to cytokines and growth factors involved in asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bharathi Aravamudan
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Meuchel LW, Thompson MA, Cassivi SD, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. Neurotrophins induce nitric oxide generation in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 91:668-76. [PMID: 21498417 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Members of the growth factor family of neurotrophins [NTs; e.g. brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT3)] and their high-affinity receptors (tropomyosin-related kinase; Trk) and low-affinity receptors p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) have been localized to pulmonary artery (PA) in humans. However, their role is unclear. Based on previous findings of NTs and their receptors within the pulmonary endothelium, we tested the hypothesis that NTs induce nitric oxide (NO) production in pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs), thus contributing to vasodilation. METHODS AND RESULTS In human pulmonary artery ECs loaded with the NO-sensitive fluorescent dye diaminofluorescein-2, both BDNF and NT3 (100 pM, 1 nM, and 10 nM) acutely (<10 min) and substantially increased fluorescence levels in a concentration-dependent fashion (to levels comparable to that induced by 1 μM acetylcholine). NT-induced elevation of NO levels was blunted by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor K252a, the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, the Ca(2+) chelator 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, and the NO scavenger 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide. Suppression of TrkB or TrkC expression via siRNA as well as functional blockade of p75NTR prevented NT-induced NO elevation. Both BDNF and NT3 increased phosphorylation of Akt and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). In endothelium-intact porcine PA rings, NTs increased cGMP and induced vasodilation in pre-contracted arteries. CONCLUSION These results indicate that NTs acutely modulate pulmonary endothelial NO production and contribute to relaxation of the pulmonary vasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas W Meuchel
- Department of Physiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 4-184 W. Jos SMH, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lise MC, Sparsa A, Marie I, Lalloué F, Ly K, Martel C, Bezanahary H, Gondran G, Loustaud-Ratti V, Bonnetblanc JM, Vidal E, Jauberteau MO, Fauchais AL. Serum neurotrophin profile in systemic sclerosis. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13918. [PMID: 21085492 PMCID: PMC2976707 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neurotrophins (NTs) are able to activate lymphocytes and fibroblasts; they can modulate angiogenesis and sympathic vascular function. Thus, they can be implicated in the three pathogenic processes of systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aims of this study are to determine blood levels of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) in SSc and to correlate them with clinical and biological data. Methods Serum samples were obtained from 55 SSc patients and 32 control subjects to measure NTs levels by ELISA and to determine their relationships with SSc profiles. Findings Serum NGF levels were higher in SSc patients (288.26±170.34 pg/mL) than in control subjects (170.34±50.8 pg/mL, p<0.001) and correlated with gammaglobulins levels and the presence of both anti-cardiolipin and anti-Scl-70 antibodies (p<0.05). In contrast, BDNF levels were lower in SSc patients than in controls (1121.9±158.1 vs 1372.9±190.9 pg/mL, p<0.0001), especially in pulmonary arterial hypertension and diffuse SSc as compared to limited forms (all p<0.05). NT-3 levels were similar in SSc and in the control group (2657.2±2296 vs 2959.3±2555 pg/mL, NS). BDNF levels correlated negatively with increased NGF levels in the SSc group (and not in controls). Conclusion Low BDNF serum levels were not previously documented in SSc, particularly in the diffuse SSc subset and in patients with pulmonary hypertension or anti-Scl-70 antibodies. The negative correlation between NGF and BDNF levels observed in SSc and not in healthy controls could be implicated in sympathic vascular dysfunction in SSc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Claude Lise
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies, IFR 145, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Agnès Sparsa
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies, IFR 145, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
- Department of Dermatology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Isabelle Marie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Fabrice Lalloué
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies, IFR 145, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Kim Ly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Clothilde Martel
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies, IFR 145, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Holy Bezanahary
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Guillaume Gondran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | | | | | - Elisabeth Vidal
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies, IFR 145, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Marie-Odile Jauberteau
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies, IFR 145, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
- Department of Immunology, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
| | - Anne-Laure Fauchais
- EA3842 Homéostasie Cellulaire et Pathologies, IFR 145, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
- Department of Internal Medicine, Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Prakash Y, Thompson MA, Meuchel L, Pabelick CM, Mantilla CB, Zaidi S, Martin RJ. Neurotrophins in lung health and disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2010; 4:395-411. [PMID: 20524922 DOI: 10.1586/ers.10.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NTs) are a family of growth factors that are well-known in the nervous system. There is increasing recognition that NTs (nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and NT3) and their receptors (high-affinity TrkA, TrkB and TrkC, and low-affinity p75NTR) are expressed in lung components including the nasal and bronchial epithelium, smooth muscle, nerves and immune cells. NT signaling may be important in normal lung development, developmental lung disease, allergy and inflammation (e.g., rhinitis, asthma), lung fibrosis and even lung cancer. In this review, we describe the current status of our understanding of NT signaling in the lung, with hopes of using aspects of the NT signaling pathway in the diagnosis and therapy of lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ys Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
García-Suárez O, Pérez-Pinera P, Laurà R, Germana A, Esteban I, Cabo R, Silos-Santiago I, Cobo JL, Vega JA. TrkB is necessary for the normal development of the lung. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2009; 167:281-91. [PMID: 19523540 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Normal development of the lung requires coordinated activation of cascades of signaling pathways initiated by growth factors signaling through their receptors. TrkB and its ligands, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4, belong to the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are expressed in a large variety of non-neuronal tissues including the lung. Aberrant neurotrophin signaling underlies the pathogenesis of several lung-related pathologies, including asthma and lung cancer, however, little is known about the role of neurotrophins in the embryonic development of the lung. To fill this gap in knowledge, we analyzed the pattern of TrkB expression in the murine lung and we observed that TrkB is expressed in alveolar macrophages, type II pneumocytes, neuroepithelial bodies and nerves. Analysis of the structure of lung from mice deficient in TrkB revealed that absence of TrkB signaling results in thinner bronchial epithelium and apparent larger air space, and, more importantly, lack of neuroepithelial bodies, an important reduction in the density of nerve fibres in the bronchial smooth muscle, submucous plexus in bronchioles, and pulmonary artery walls. These findings suggest TrkB is essential for the normal development of the lung and the nervous system in the lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O García-Suárez
- Departamentos de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Julián Claveria s/n, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun C, Hu Y, Chu Z, Huang J, Zhang L. The effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on angiogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 29:139-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-009-0201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
19
|
Quarcoo D, Fischer TC, Peckenschneider N, Groneberg DA, Welker P. High abundances of neurotrophin 3 in atopic dermatitis mast cell. J Occup Med Toxicol 2009; 4:8. [PMID: 19386090 PMCID: PMC2680865 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6673-4-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neurotrophin 3 (NT-3) is a member of the neurotrophin family, a group of related proteins that are known to regulate neuro-immune interactions in allergic diseases. Their cellular sources and role in the recruitment of mast cell precursors in atopic dermatitis have not been characterized in detail so far. Objective Characterize NT-3 on a transcriptional and translational level in individuals with atopic dermatitis with special focus on mast cells. Methods To meet this objective NT-3 levels in the serum of AD patients were measured, the effect of NT-3 on keratinocytes was evaluated and the gene expression and regulation assessed using ELISA, immunohistochemistry and RNA quantification. Results Systemic levels of NT-3 were found to be higher in individuals with AD as compared to healthy controls. A distinct genetic expression was found in the various cells of the skin. In lesional mast cells of individuals with atopic dermatitis an increased amount of NT-3 was apparent. Functional in vitro experiments demonstrated that NT-3 stimulation led to a suppression of IL-8 secretion by HaCat cells. Conclusion These findings could imply a role for NT-3 in the pathogenesis of allergic skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Quarcoo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University and Humboldt University, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prakash YS, Iyanoye A, Ay B, Mantilla CB, Pabelick CM. Neurotrophin effects on intracellular Ca2+ and force in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2006; 291:L447-56. [PMID: 16648236 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00501.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins [e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin 4 (NT4)], known to affect neuronal structure and function, are expressed in nonneuronal tissues including the airway. However, their function is unclear. We examined the effect of acute vs. prolonged neurotrophin exposure on regulation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)): sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) influx (specifically store-operated Ca(2+) entry, SOCE). Human ASM cells were incubated for 30 min in medium (control) or 1 or 10 nM BDNF, NT3, or NT4 (acute exposure) or overnight in 1 nM BDNF, NT3, or NT4 (prolonged exposure) and imaged after loading with the Ca(2+) indicator fura-2 AM. [Ca(2+)](i) responses to ACh, histamine, bradykinin, and caffeine and SOCE following SR Ca(2+) depletion were compared across cell groups. Force measurements were performed in human bronchial strips exposed to neurotrophins. Basal [Ca(2+)](i), peak responses to all agonists, SOCE, and force responses to ACh and histamine were all significantly enhanced by both acute and prolonged BDNF exposure (smaller effect of NT4) but decreased by NT3. Inhibition of the BDNF/NT4 receptor trkB by K252a prevented enhancement of [Ca(2+)](i) responses. ASM cells showed positive immunostaining for BDNF, NT3, NT4, trkB, and trkC (NT3 receptor). These novel data demonstrate that neurotrophins influence ASM [Ca(2+)](i) and force regulation and suggest a potential role for neurotrophins in airway diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim H, Li Q, Hempstead BL, Madri JA. Paracrine and autocrine functions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in brain-derived endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:33538-46. [PMID: 15169782 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m404115200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is expressed by endothelial cells. We investigated the characteristics of BDNF expression by brain-derived endothelial cells and tested the hypothesis that BDNF serves paracrine and autocrine functions affecting the vasculature of the central nervous system. In addition to expressing TrkB and p75NTR and BDNF under normoxic conditions, these cells increased their expression of BDNF under hypoxia. While the expression of TrkB is unaffected by hypoxia, TrkB exhibits a base-line phosphorylation under normoxic conditions and an increased phosphorylation when BDNF is added. TrkB phosphorylation is decreased when endogenous BDNF is sequestered by soluble TrkB. Exogenous BDNF elicits robust angiogenesis and survival in three-dimensional cultures of these endothelial cells, while sequestration of endogenous BDNF caused significant apoptosis. The effects of BDNF engagement of TrkB appears to be mediated via the phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase-Akt pathway. Modulation of BDNF levels directly correlate with Akt phosphorylation and inhibitors of PI 3-kinase abrogate the BDNF responses. BDNF-mediated effects on endothelial cell survival/apoptosis correlated directly with activation of caspase 3. These endothelial cells also express p75NTR and respond to its preferred ligand, pro-nerve growth factor (pro-NGF), by undergoing apoptosis. These data support a role for neurotrophins signaling in the dynamic maintenance/differentiation of central nervous system endothelia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8023, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Springer J, Wagner S, Subramamiam A, McGregor GP, Groneberg DA, Fischer A. BDNF-overexpression regulates the reactivity of small pulmonary arteries to neurokinin A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 118:19-23. [PMID: 14759552 DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2003.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2003] [Revised: 10/09/2003] [Accepted: 10/13/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key modulator during the development of jugular and nodose ganglia neurons, which represent the origin of a large proportion of the sensory innervation of the lung. It belongs to the family of neurotrophins, which have been shown to induce the expression of tachykinins. To assess the interactions of BDNF and the tachykinin neurokinin A (NKA) in small pulmonary vessels, BDNF-transgenic mice were examined for tachykinin contents in the airways, heart, trigeminal ganglion and jugular and nodose ganglion complex (JNC) using reverse phase HPLC (rpHPLC) and radioimmunoassay. BDNF-overexpression led to increased NKA levels in the heart and the JNC, whereas only slightly enhanced levels in the trigeminal ganglion were detected. Lower NKA levels were found in the lung. To assess vasoreactivity in small arteries, precision cut lung slices were subjected to videomorphometry and the response to NKA was examined, which showed significantly stronger effects in the BDNF-transgenic mice, while NK-2 receptor mRNA expression, assayed by real-time RT-PCR, was reduced. In conclusion, BDNF-overexpression results in decreased levels of NKA in the lung with subsequently increased NKA-sensitivity of small arteries. These findings point to a modulatory role of neurotrophins in small respiratory vessel tone regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Springer
- Div of Allergy Research, Dept of Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité, Humboldt University, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ricci A, Felici L, Mariotta S, Mannino F, Schmid G, Terzano C, Cardillo G, Amenta F, Bronzetti E. Neurotrophin and neurotrophin receptor protein expression in the human lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2004; 30:12-9. [PMID: 12791675 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2002-0110oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NTs) promote survival and differentiation of central and peripheral neurons, and display several activities also in non-neuronal cells. Human lungs synthesize and release NTs, which are probably involved in the pathophysiology of pulmonary disturbances. In this article the expression and anatomic localization of nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and NT-3 and of corresponding high-affinity receptors TrkA, TrkB (full-length and truncated [TR-] isoforms), TrkC, and of the low-affinity p75 receptor, were assessed in surgical samples from adult human lung by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. NTs and their cognate receptor mRNA and protein transcripts were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting, respectively, nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and corresponding protein transcripts being the most expressed. High levels of TrkB-[TR-] mRNA and of its protein transcript were also demonstrated, whereas a low expression of p75 mRNA and of corresponding protein transcript were found. Microanatomic analysis of immunohistochemical study revealed that bronchial epithelial cells were immunoreactive for different NTs, with a higher intensity of BDNF immune staining compared with other NTs, but did not express NT receptor immunoreactivity. Alveolar cells were immunoreactive for TrkA and TrkC receptor protein, but did not display immunoreactivity for NTs or other receptors investigated. Gland cells expressed NT and high-affinity NT receptor immunoreactivity, but not p75 receptor immunoreactivity. NT and low-affinity receptor immunoreactivity was observed within neurons and satellite cells of parasympathetic ganglia as well as in nerve fiber-like structures supplying the bronchopulmonary tree. An obvious immunoreactivity for NTs and NT receptor protein was also observed in intrapulmonary branches of pulmonary artery. Pulmonary lymphocytes and macrophages express nerve growth factor and high-affinity NT receptor immunoreactivity. The role of NTs in non-neuronal tissue including lung has not been clarified yet. The widespread expression of NTs and their receptors in different components of the lung suggests that these factors may contribute to regulate cell function in human lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiovascolari e Respiratorie, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Takeo C, Nakamura S, Tanaka T, Uchida D, Noguchi Y, Nagao T, Saito Y, Tatsuno I. Rat cerebral endothelial cells express trk C and are regulated by neurotrophin-3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 305:400-6. [PMID: 12745089 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00770-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral endothelial cells (CEC) are critical for formation of the vascular system in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). We focused on the neurotrophin (NT) for its possible involvement in signaling for the regulation of CEC to control formation and maintenance of the vascular system in CNS in comparison of rat cerebral endothelial cells (RCEC) with rat aortic endothelial cells (RAEC). We found that (1) trk C, a receptor for neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), is dominantly expressed in RCEC, but trk B, a receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor, is dominantly expressed in RAEC; (2) NT-3 inhibited the proliferation of RCEC; and (3) NT-3 stimulated the production of nitric oxide (NO) with increases in protein expression of endothelial NO synthase. These data indicated that NT may regulate and/or maintain the functions of the brain microvasculature through the regulation of CEC.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/cytology
- Cell Culture Techniques
- Cell Division/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cerebral Cortex/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Male
- Nerve Growth Factors/pharmacology
- Neurotrophin 3/pharmacology
- Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis
- Nitric Oxide Synthase/metabolism
- Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptor, trkC/biosynthesis
- Receptor, trkC/genetics
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chikari Takeo
- The Department of Clinical Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba-city, 260-8655, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ruprecht K, Stadelmann C, Hummel V, Klein O, Brück W, Rieckmann P. Brain derived neurotrophic factor does not act on adult human cerebral endothelial cells. Neurosci Lett 2002; 330:175-8. [PMID: 12231440 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)00778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), known to promote survival of neurons, has recently been involved in the regulation of endothelial cells and was shown to possess immunoregulatory properties. We therefore asked whether BDNF has immunoregulating effects in human cerebral endothelial cells (HCEC). Adult HCEC expressed vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and HLA class II following stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma, respectively, but not after BDNF treatment. Addition of BDNF did not modulate the effects of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma on HCEC, including TNF-alpha induced interleukin-8. Fluorescent activated cell sorting, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry indicated that HCEC do not express the trkB or p75 receptors involved in BDNF signaling. These results demonstrate that adult HCEC are not a likely target for BDNF. Novel factors regulating HCEC remain to be identified.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Interactions
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression
- HLA Antigens/biosynthesis
- HLA Antigens/drug effects
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Interleukin-18/pharmacology
- Interleukin-8/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor
- Receptor, trkB/biosynthesis
- Receptor, trkB/drug effects
- Receptor, trkB/genetics
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/drug effects
- Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/biosynthesis
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/drug effects
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klemens Ruprecht
- Clinical Research Unit for Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Julius Maximilians Universität, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ricci A, Greco S, Mariotta S, Felici L, Bronzetti E, Cavazzana A, Cardillo G, Amenta F, Bisetti A, Barbolini G. Neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors in human lung cancer. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2001; 25:439-46. [PMID: 11694449 DOI: 10.1165/ajrcmb.25.4.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of neurotrophins (NTs) and related high- and low-affinity receptors was studied in surgical samples of histologically diagnosed human tumors of the lower respiratory tract. The experiment was conducted with 30 non-small cell lung cancer specimens and in eight small cell lung cancer specimens by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry to assess expression and distribution of NT and NT receptor proteins in tissues examined. Immunoblots of homogenates from human tumors displayed binding of anti-nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and NT-3 antibodies as well as of anti-tyrosine-specific protein kinase (Trk) A, TrkB, and TrkC receptor antibodies, with similar migration characteristics than those displayed by human beta-NGF and proteins from rat brain. A specific immunoreactivity for NTs and NT receptors was demonstrated in vessel walls, stromal fibroblasts, immune cells, and sometimes within neoplastic cell bodies. Approximately 33% of bronchioloalveolar carcinomas exhibited a strong membrane NGF and TrkA immunoreactivity, whereas 46% adenocarcinomas expressed an intense TrkA immunoreactivity but a weak immunostaining for NGF within tumor cells. Moreover, squamous cell carcinomas developed an intense TrkA immunoreactivity only within stroma surrounding neoplastic cells. A faint BDNF and TrkB immunoreactivity was documented in adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and small cell lung cancers. NT-3 and its corresponding TrkC receptor were found in a small number of squamous cell carcinomas within large-size tumor cells. No expression of low-affinity p75 receptor protein was found in tumor cells. The detection of NTs and NT receptor proteins in tumors of the lower respiratory tract suggests that NTs may be involved in controlling growth and differentiation of human lung cancer and/or influencing tumor behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Ricci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiovascolari e Respiratorie, Università La Sapienza, c/o Ospedale Carlo Forlanini, Piazza C. Forlanini 1, 00151 Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|