1
|
McGlynn RP, Cui M, Brems B, Holbrook O, Booth RG. Development of 2-Aminotetralin-Type Serotonin 5-HT 1 Agonists: Molecular Determinants for Selective Binding and Signaling at 5-HT 1A, 5-HT 1B, 5-HT 1D, and 5-HT 1F Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:357-370. [PMID: 38150333 PMCID: PMC10797628 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) 5-HT1 G-protein coupled receptor subtypes (5-HT1A/1B/1D/1E/1F) share a high sequence homology, confounding development of subtype-specific ligands. This study used a 5-HT1 structure-based ligand design approach to develop subtype-selective ligands using a 5-substituted-2-aminotetralin (5-SAT) chemotype, leveraging results from pharmacological, molecular modeling, and mutagenesis studies to delineate molecular determinants for 5-SAT binding and function at 5-HT1 subtypes. 5-SATs demonstrated high affinity (Ki ≤ 25 nM) and at least 50-fold stereoselective preference ([2S] > [2R]) at 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, and 5-HT1D receptors but essentially nil affinity (Ki > 1 μM) at 5-HT1F receptors. The 5-SATs tested were agonists with varying degrees of potency and efficacy, depending on chemotype substitution and 5-HT1 receptor subtype. Models were built from the 5-HT1A (cryo-EM), 5-HT1B (crystal), and 5-HT1D (cryo-EM) structures, and 5-SATs underwent docking studies with up to 1 μs molecular dynamics simulations. 5-SAT interactions observed at positions 3.33, 5.38, 5.42, 5.43, and 7.39 of 5-HT1 subtypes were confirmed with point mutation experiments. Additional 5-SATs were designed and synthesized to exploit experimental and computational results, yielding a new full efficacy 5-HT1A agonist with 100-fold selectivity over 5-HT1B/1D receptors. The results presented lay the foundation for the development of additional 5-HT1 subtype selective ligands for drug discovery purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P. McGlynn
- Center
for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Meng Cui
- Center
for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Brittany Brems
- Center
for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Otto Holbrook
- Center
for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Raymond G. Booth
- Center
for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern
University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wanasuntronwong A, Kaewsrisung S, Rotpenpian N, Arayapisit T, Pavasant P, Supronsinchai W. Efficacy and mechanism of the antinociceptive effects of cannabidiol on acute orofacial nociception induced by Complete Freund’s Adjuvant in male Mus musculus mice. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 144:105570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
3
|
Ortiz YT, McMahon LR, Wilkerson JL. Medicinal Cannabis and Central Nervous System Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:881810. [PMID: 35529444 PMCID: PMC9070567 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.881810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoids, including those found in cannabis, have shown promise as potential therapeutics for numerous health issues, including pathological pain and diseases that produce an impact on neurological processing and function. Thus, cannabis use for medicinal purposes has become accepted by a growing majority. However, clinical trials yielding satisfactory endpoints and unequivocal proof that medicinal cannabis should be considered a frontline therapeutic for most examined central nervous system indications remains largely elusive. Although cannabis contains over 100 + compounds, most preclinical and clinical research with well-controlled dosing and delivery methods utilize the various formulations of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), the two most abundant compounds in cannabis. These controlled dosing and delivery methods are in stark contrast to most clinical studies using whole plant cannabis products, as few clinical studies using whole plant cannabis profile the exact composition, including percentages of all compounds present within the studied product. This review will examine both preclinical and clinical evidence that supports or refutes the therapeutic utility of medicinal cannabis for the treatment of pathological pain, neurodegeneration, substance use disorders, as well as anxiety-related disorders. We will predominately focus on purified THC and CBD, as well as other compounds isolated from cannabis for the aforementioned reasons but will also include discussion over those studies where whole plant cannabis has been used. In this review we also consider the current challenges associated with the advancement of medicinal cannabis and its derived potential therapeutics into clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuma T. Ortiz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Lance R. McMahon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Jenny L. Wilkerson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Jenny L. Wilkerson,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Cannabinoids, including those found in cannabis, have shown promise as potential therapeutics for numerous health issues, including pathological pain and diseases that produce an impact on neurological processing and function. Thus, cannabis use for medicinal purposes has become accepted by a growing majority. However, clinical trials yielding satisfactory endpoints and unequivocal proof that medicinal cannabis should be considered a frontline therapeutic for most examined central nervous system indications remains largely elusive. Although cannabis contains over 100 + compounds, most preclinical and clinical research with well-controlled dosing and delivery methods utilize the various formulations of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), the two most abundant compounds in cannabis. These controlled dosing and delivery methods are in stark contrast to most clinical studies using whole plant cannabis products, as few clinical studies using whole plant cannabis profile the exact composition, including percentages of all compounds present within the studied product. This review will examine both preclinical and clinical evidence that supports or refutes the therapeutic utility of medicinal cannabis for the treatment of pathological pain, neurodegeneration, substance use disorders, as well as anxiety-related disorders. We will predominately focus on purified THC and CBD, as well as other compounds isolated from cannabis for the aforementioned reasons but will also include discussion over those studies where whole plant cannabis has been used. In this review we also consider the current challenges associated with the advancement of medicinal cannabis and its derived potential therapeutics into clinical applications.
Collapse
|
5
|
Newman-Tancredi A, Depoortère RY, Kleven MS, Kołaczkowski M, Zimmer L. Translating biased agonists from molecules to medications: Serotonin 5-HT 1A receptor functional selectivity for CNS disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 229:107937. [PMID: 34174274 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biased agonism (or "functional selectivity") at G-protein-coupled receptors has attracted rapidly increasing interest as a means to improve discovery of more efficacious and safer pharmacotherapeutics. However, most studies are limited to in vitro tests of cellular signaling and few biased agonists have progressed to in vivo testing. As concerns 5-HT1A receptors, which exert a major control of serotonergic signaling in diverse CNS regions, study of biased agonism has previously been limited by the poor target selectivity and/or partial agonism of classically available ligands. However, a new generation of highly selective, efficacious and druggable agonists has advanced the study of biased agonism at this receptor and created new therapeutic opportunities. These novel agonists show differential properties for G-protein signaling, cellular signaling (particularly pERK), electrophysiological effects, neurotransmitter release, neuroimaging by PET and pharmacoMRI, and behavioral tests of mood, motor activity and side effects. Overall, NLX-101 (a.k.a. F15599) exhibits preferential activation of cortical and brain stem 5-HT1A receptors, whereas NLX-112 (a.k.a. befiradol or F13640) shows prominent activation of 5-HT1A autoreceptors in Raphe nuclei and in regions associated with motor control. Accordingly, NLX-101 is potently active in rodent models of depression and respiratory control, whereas NLX-112 shows promising activity in models of Parkinson's disease across several species - rat, marmoset and macaque. Moreover, NLX-112 has also been labeled with 18F to produce the first agonist PET radiopharmaceutical (known as [18F]-F13640) for investigation of the active state of 5-HT1A receptors in rodent, primate and human. The structure-functional activity relationships of biased agonists have been investigated by receptor modeling and novel compounds have been identified which exhibit increased affinity at 5-HT1A receptors and new profiles of cellular signaling bias, notably for β-arrestin recruitment versus pERK. Taken together, the data suggest that 5-HT1A receptor biased agonists constitute potentially superior pharmacological agents for treatment of CNS disorders involving serotonergic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luc Zimmer
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Lyon, France; Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS-INSERM, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
5-HT 1A Serotonergic, α-Adrenergic and Opioidergic Receptors Mediate the Analgesic Efficacy of Vortioxetine in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113242. [PMID: 34071269 PMCID: PMC8199248 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vortioxetine is a multimodal antidepressant drug that affects several brain neurochemicals and has the potential to induce various pharmacological effects on the central nervous system. Therefore, we investigated the centrally mediated analgesic efficacy of this drug and the mechanisms underlying this effect. Analgesic activity of vortioxetine (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.) was examined by tail-clip, tail-immersion and hot-plate tests. Motor performance of animals was evaluated using Rota-rod device. Time course measurements (30-180 min) showed that vortioxetine (10 and 20 mg/kg) administrations significantly increased the response latency, percent maximum possible effect and area under the curve values in all of the nociceptive tests. These data pointed out the analgesic effect of vortioxetine on central pathways carrying acute thermal and mechanical nociceptive stimuli. Vortioxetine did not alter the motor coordination of mice indicating that the analgesic activity of this drug was specific. In mechanistic studies, pre-treatments with p-chlorophenylalanine (serotonin-synthesis inhibitor), NAN-190 (serotonin 5-HT1A receptor antagonist), α-methyl-para-tyrosine (catecholamine-synthesis inhibitor), phentolamine (non-selective α-adrenoceptor blocker), and naloxone (non-selective opioid receptor blocker) antagonised the vortioxetine-induced analgesia. Obtained findings indicated that vortioxetine-induced analgesia is mediated by 5-HT1A serotonergic, α-adrenergic and opioidergic receptors, and contributions of central serotonergic and catecholaminergic neurotransmissions are critical for this effect.
Collapse
|
7
|
Haleem DJ. Targeting Serotonin1A Receptors for Treating Chronic Pain and Depression. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 17:1098-1108. [PMID: 31418663 PMCID: PMC7057205 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666190811161807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The association of chronic pain with depression is becoming increasingly recognized. Treating both the conditions together is essential for an effective treatment outcome. In this regard, it is important to identify a shared mechanism involved in the association of chronic pain with depression. Central serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) neurotransmission has long been known to participate in the processing of signals related to pain. It also plays a key role in the pathogenesis and treatment of depression. Although functional responses to serotonin are mediated via the activation of multiple receptor types and subtypes, the 5-HT1A subtype is involved in the processing of nociception as well as the pathogenesis and treatment of depression. This receptor is located presynaptically, as an autoreceptor, on the perikaryon and dendritic spines of serotonin-containing neurons. It is also expressed as a heteroreceptor on neurons receiving input from serotonergic neurons. This arti-cle targets the 5-HT1A receptors to show that indiscriminate activation of pre and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors is likely to produce no therapeutic benefits; biased activation of the 5-HT heteroreceptors may be a useful strategy for treating chronic pain and depression individually as well as in a comorbid condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darakhshan Jabeen Haleem
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Levigoureux E, Vidal B, Fieux S, Bouillot C, Emery S, Newman-Tancredi A, Zimmer L. Serotonin 5-HT 1A Receptor Biased Agonists Induce Different Cerebral Metabolic Responses: A [ 18F]-Fluorodesoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Study in Conscious and Anesthetized Rats. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3108-3119. [PMID: 30576601 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin 5-HT1A receptors constitute an attractive therapeutic target for various psychiatric or neurodegenerative disorders. These receptors are expressed in multiple brain regions on different neuronal populations and can be coupled with distinct G-protein subtypes; such functional diversity complicates the use of 5-HT1A ligands in several pathologies where it would be desirable to stimulate the receptors in a precise region. Therefore, using "biased agonists" able to target specifically certain subpopulations of 5-HT1A receptors would enable achievement of better therapeutic benefit. Several 5-HT1A receptor biased agonists are currently in development, including NLX-101 (aka F15599) and NLX-112 (aka F13640, befiradol), with preclinical data suggesting that they preferentially target different populations of 5-HT1A receptors. However, most previous studies used invasive and regionally limited approaches. In this context, [18F]-fluorodesoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging constitutes an interesting technique as it enables noninvasive mapping of the regional brain activity changes following a pharmacological challenge in conscious animals. We report here the evaluation of cerebral glucose metabolism following intraperitoneal injection of different doses of NLX-112 or NLX-101 in conscious or isoflurane-anesthetized rats. The biased agonists produced different metabolic "fingerprints" with distinct regional preferences, consistent with previous studies. At equal doses, the effect of NLX-101 was less marked than NLX-112 in the piriform cortex, in the striatum (in terms of inhibition), and in the pontine nuclei and the cerebellum (in terms of activation); furthermore, only NLX-112 increased the glucose metabolism in the parietal cortex, whereas only NLX-101 induced a clear activation in the colliculi and the frontal cortex, which may be related to its distinctive procognitive profile. Both agonist effects were almost completely unapparent in anesthetized animals, underlining the importance of studying serotonergic neurotransmission in the conscious state. In this regard, [18F]FDG-PET imaging seems very complementary with other functional imaging techniques such as pharmacological MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Levigoureux
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon 69677, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69677, France
| | - Benjamin Vidal
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon 69677, France
| | - Sylvain Fieux
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon 69677, France
| | | | - Stéphane Emery
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon 69677, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69677, France
| | | | - Luc Zimmer
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon 69677, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69677, France
- CERMEP-Imaging Platform, Bron 69677, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Seddighfar M, Ghasemzadeh Z, Rezayof A. The blockade of 5-HT1A receptors in the ventral tegmental area inhibited morphine/dextromethorphan-induced analgesia in pain rat models. Brain Res 2019; 1715:27-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
10
|
Li S, Sun C, Rong P, Zhai X, Zhang J, Baker M, Wang S. Auricular vagus nerve stimulation enhances central serotonergic function and inhibits diabetic neuropathy development in Zucker fatty rats. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918787368. [PMID: 29921169 PMCID: PMC6055102 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918787368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Painful neuropathy is a frequent comorbidity in diabetes. Zucker diabetic fatty (fa/fa) rats develop type 2 diabetes spontaneously with aging and show nociceptive hypersensitivity at the age of 13 weeks. In preclinical and clinical studies, the treatment of diabetic neuropathy is challenging, but complementary medicine such as transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) appears beneficial to the relief of neuropathic pain. However, the mechanism behind the effectiveness of taVNS remains unclear. In this study, we show that daily 30-min taVNS (2/15 Hz, 2 mA) for consecutive 27 days effectively inhibited the development of nociceptive hypersensitivity in Zucker diabetic fatty rats as detected by thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia in hindpaw. We also demonstrated that this beneficial effect in nociceptive behavior is related to an elevated serotonin (5-HT) plasma concentration and an upregulated expression of 5-HT receptor type 1A (5-HT1AR) in hypothalamus. We conclude that daily 30-min taVNS sessions lessen diabetic neuropathy development by enhancing serotonergic function in genetically diabetes prone individuals. Perspective This article presents taVNS as a new approach to inhibit the development of diabetic neuropathy in genetically prone individuals. This approach could potentially help clinicians who seek to avoid the complication of neuropathic pain in diabetic patient or to relieve the pain if there was one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyuan Li
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.,2 Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Sun
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Peijing Rong
- 2 Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Zhai
- 2 Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinling Zhang
- 2 Department of Physiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Max Baker
- 3 Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Shuxing Wang
- 1 Department of Anatomy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.,3 Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Newman-Tancredi A, Bardin L, Auclair A, Colpaert F, Depoortère R, Varney M. NLX-112, a highly selective 5-HT 1A receptor agonist, mediates analgesia and antidepressant-like activity in rats via spinal cord and prefrontal cortex 5-HT 1A receptors, respectively. Brain Res 2018; 1688:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
12
|
Newman-Tancredi A, Depoortère R, Carilla-Durand E, Tarayre J, Kleven M, Koek W, Bardin L, Varney M. NLX-112, a highly selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist: Effects on body temperature and plasma corticosterone levels in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 165:56-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
13
|
Involvement of 5-HT 1A/1B receptors in the antinociceptive effect of paracetamol in the rat formalin test. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2018; 3:15-21. [PMID: 31194055 PMCID: PMC6550097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of analgesic action of paracetamol (acetominophen) remains still unknown. However, a relationship between serotonergic system and the effect of paracetamol has been previously demonstrated. The serotonin activity in the brainstem is primarily under the control of 5-HT1A somatodendritic receptors, although some data also suggest the involvement of 5-HT1B receptors. To determine whether the 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors are involved in the antinociceptive effect of paracetamol, we evaluated the effect of paracetamol (0.125-1 g/kg i.p.) followed by different antagonists [WAY 100,635 (0.8 mg/kg s.c.) and SB 216,641 (0.8 mg/kg s.c.)] or agonists [8-OH-DPAT (0.125 mg/kg s.c.) and CP 93,129 (0.125 mg/kg s.c.)] of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors, respectively, in the rat model of formalin-induced pain. We demonstrated that paracetamol administration showed a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in the formalin test. WAY 100,635 (5-HT1A antagonist) induced an increase in the antinociceptive effect of paracetamol at 250 mg/kg doses. Conversely, 8-OH-DPAT (5-HT1A agonist) decreased the antinociceptive effect of paracetamol at 500-1000 mg/kg doses. However, SB216641 (5-HT1B antagonist) modified weakly the antinociceptive effect of paracetamol at 250 mg/kg doses and CP 93,129 (5-HT1B agonist) not produce a clear effect in the antinociceptive effect of paracetamol. These results suggest that the antinociceptive effect of paracetamol can be enhanced mainly by compounds having 5-HT1A antagonist properties in the formalin test and maybe by 5-HT1B receptors antagonists.
Collapse
|
14
|
Di Lorenzo C, Pellesi L, Coppola G, Parisi V, Evangelista M, Guerzoni S, Rossi P, Serrao M, Pini LA, Pierelli F. Efficacy of transdermal rotigotine in chronic cluster headache: A case series. CEPHALALGIA REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2515816318809697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cluster headache (CH) is one of the most severe forms of headache, but the number of effective treatments is still limited. Recently, we reported the case of a drug-resistant CH patient responsive to the rotigotine transdermal patch, which is used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. This report formed the basis for a case series where other drug-resistant CH patients were treated with rotigotine. Here are the results of this study. Twenty-two CH patients underwent the treatment. Eight were episodic cluster headache (ECH) patients and 14 were chronic cluster headache (CCH) patients. Of the eight ECH patients, four reported that their CH had been stopped by the treatment. Of the 14 CCH patients, 11 were considered responders to the treatment (5 experienced a full resolution of headache, and 6 had a headache reduction of at least 50% in terms of mean monthly number of attacks). Our case series confirms the previous observation that rotigotine could be helpful in the treatment of CH. It may even influence the monoaminergic system that has a key role in the pathogenesis of CH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lanfranco Pellesi
- Medical Toxicology and Headache Center, Policlinic Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Coppola
- Department of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology, IRCCS – Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Parisi
- Department of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neurophthalmology, IRCCS – Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Evangelista
- Istituto di Anestesiologia, Rianimazione e Terapia del Dolore, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore/CIC, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Guerzoni
- Medical Toxicology and Headache Center, Policlinic Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Paolo Rossi
- INI, Headache Clinic, Grottaferrata (RM), Italy
| | - Mariano Serrao
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
| | - Luigi Alberto Pini
- Medical Toxicology and Headache Center, Policlinic Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Pierelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, ‘Sapienza’ University of Rome Polo Pontino, Latina, Italy
- IRCCS – Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sałat K, Kołaczkowski M, Furgała A, Rojek A, Śniecikowska J, Varney MA, Newman-Tancredi A. Antinociceptive, antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of the 5-HT 1A receptor selective agonist, NLX-112 in mouse models of pain. Neuropharmacology 2017; 125:181-188. [PMID: 28751195 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE NLX-112 (a.k.a. befiradol, F13640) is a drug candidate intended for the treatment of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. It is a highly selective serotonin 5-HT1A receptor full agonist which has been previously tested in a variety of models of CNS effects including analgesic activity in rat. Its activity in mouse models of pain has not been previously investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The activity of NLX-112 was tested in mouse models of acute pain (hot plate), tonic pain (intraplantar formalin test), in the oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy and in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of painful diabetic neuropathy. KEY RESULTS The main findings indicate that (i) NLX-112 was markedly active in the formalin test with potent reduction of paw licking in both phases of the test (minimal effective dose (MED) 0.5 mg/kg i.p. and p.o. in acute phase, and 0.1 mg/kg i.p. and 1 mg/kg p.o. in late phase). The effects of NLX-112 in this test were completely abolished by the selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, WAY100635; (ii) NLX-112 was active in the hot plate test and in the oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, but at markedly higher doses (MED 2.5 mg/kg i.p.); (iii) NLX-112 was least active in the STZ-induced model of painful diabetic neuropathy (MED 5 mg/kg i.p.); (iv) NLX-112 did not affect locomotor activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS NLX-112 may have significant potential for treatment of tonic pain but may be less promising as a candidate for treatment of chemotherapy-induced or diabetic neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Sałat
- Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Furgała
- Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adriana Rojek
- Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Śniecikowska
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Medyczna 9 St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Mark A Varney
- Neurolixis Inc., 34145 Pacific Coast Highway #504, Dana Point, CA 92629, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Newman-Tancredi A, Martel JC, Cosi C, Heusler P, Lestienne F, Varney MA, Cussac D. Distinctive in vitro signal transduction profile of NLX-112, a potent and efficacious serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonist. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1178-1190. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
NLX-112 (befiradol, F13640) is a selective serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonist. Although it has been tested in vivo, little has been reported on its in vitro signal transduction profile.
Methods
NLX-112 was tested on G-protein activation, inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, ERK1/2 phosphorylation (pERK) and receptor internalization in recombinant cell lines. NLX-112 was also tested on G-protein activation in rat hippocampal membranes. Gα subunit mRNA expression in cell lines and rat brain tissue was quantified by quantitative PCR.
Key findings
For all signalling measures, NLX-112 exhibited agonist efficacy greater than for reference compounds ((±)8-OH-DPAT or buspirone), but similar to the endogenous agonist, serotonin, and was more potent for pERK than other responses. In rat hippocampal membranes, NLX-112 stimulated ‘total G-proteins' but, unlike (±)8-OH-DPAT and buspirone, was more potent for Gαo activation. Cell lines predominantly expressed Gαi1 and Gαi2 mRNA, with low levels of Gαo, whereas in rat brain Gαo subunits showed highest mRNA expression.
Conclusions
Unlike reference compounds, NLX-112 was a highly efficacious agonist in vitro, preferentially activating pERK in cell lines and Gαo proteins in rat hippocampal membranes. However, Gα subunit mRNA levels differ markedly between rat brain and cell lines, warranting caution when extrapolating from recombinant systems to native tissues.
Collapse
|
17
|
Hu B, Doods H, Treede RD, Ceci A. Duloxetine and 8-OH-DPAT, but not fluoxetine, reduce depression-like behaviour in an animal model of chronic neuropathic pain. Neurosci Lett 2016; 619:162-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
18
|
Silva DPB, Florentino IF, Oliveira LP, Lino RC, Galdino PM, Menegatti R, Costa EA. Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of 4-[(1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl] 1-piperazine carboxylic acid ethyl ester: A new piperazine derivative. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 137:86-92. [PMID: 26276732 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Piperazine compounds possess anti-infective, anti-carcinogenic, anxiolytic, hypotensive, anti-hypertensive and vasorelaxant properties and are attractive candidates for the development of new analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. This study investigates the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of piperazine derivative 4-[(1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) methyl]1-piperazine carboxylic acid ethyl ester (LQFM-008) and the involvement of the serotonergic pathway. In the formalin test, treatments with LQFM-008 (15 and 30mg/kg p.o.) reduced the licking time in both neurogenic and inflammatory phases of this test. In the tail flick and hot plate tests, LQFM008 treatment (15 and 30mg/kg p.o.) increased latency to thermal stimulus, suggesting the involvement of central mechanisms in the anti-nociceptive effect of LQFM-008. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema test, LQFM-008 (p.o.) at the doses of 15 and 30mg/kg reduced the edema at all tested time points, while the dose of 7.5mg/kg reduced the edema only for the first hour. LQFM-008 (30mg/kg p.o.) reduced both cell migration and protein exudation in the carrageenan-induced pleurisy test. Furthermore, pre-treatment with NAN-190 (0.6mg/kgi.p.) and PCPA (100mg/kgi.p.) antagonized the anti-nociceptive effect of LQFM-008 in both phases of the formalin test. Our data suggest that LQFM-008 possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects mediated through the serotonergic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiany P B Silva
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Iziara F Florentino
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lanussy P Oliveira
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Roberta C Lino
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Pablinny M Galdino
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Elson A Costa
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Study on the Antinociceptive Effects of Herba Epimedium in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:483942. [PMID: 26170874 PMCID: PMC4481091 DOI: 10.1155/2015/483942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the antinociceptive action of relationship between Herba Epimedium (HE) and 5-HT1A receptor, between Herba Epimedium (HE) and 5-HT2A receptor. We used the hot-plate method and the writhing assay in mice by the intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection and observed the analgesic effect of HE. Furthermore, through the i.c.v. injection, 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist Buspirone, antagonist Propranolol, the adrenaline β1-receptor selective blocking agent Metoprolol, and 5-HT2A receptor agonist hydrochloride DOI and antagonist Ketanserin were used, and, 5 min later, HE was used to investigate the impacts of drugs on the analgesic effect in the same way. Results showed that HE had fast and significant antinociception in nervous system, and the effects can persist for a long time. Buspirone and Hydrochloride DOI can remarkably increase the antinociception of HE in nervous system. Ketanserin leads to a significant decrease in its antinociception in nervous system; Metoprolol also has antinociceptive action in nervous system, but it can inhibit the antinociceptive effect of Herba Epimediumin peripheral region. These results suggest that HE has significant antinociception effect and its mechanism is related with 5-HT1A receptor, 5-HT2A receptor, and adrenaline β1-receptor.
Collapse
|
20
|
Visscher CM, Lobbezoo F. TMD pain is partly heritable. A systematic review of family studies and genetic association studies. J Oral Rehabil 2014; 42:386-99. [PMID: 25523980 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the current knowledge on the role of heritability in TMD pain through a systematic review of the literature, including familiar aggregation studies and genetic association studies. For the systematic search of the literature, the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. In total, 21 studies were included in the review, including five familiar aggregation studies and 16 genetic association studies. From both familiar aggregation studies and genetic association studies, modest evidence for the role of heritability in TMD pain was found. The literature mainly suggests genetic contributions from candidate genes that encode proteins involved in the processing of painful stimuli from the serotonergic and catecholaminergic system. This systematic review shows that the evidence for the role of heritability in the development of TMD pain is cumulating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Visscher
- Department of Oral Kinesiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Serotonergic transmission after spinal cord injury. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 122:279-95. [PMID: 24866695 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1241-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Changes in descending serotonergic innervation of spinal neural activity have been implicated in symptoms of paralysis, spasticity, sensory disturbances and pain following spinal cord injury (SCI). Serotonergic neurons possess an enhanced ability to regenerate or sprout after many types of injury, including SCI. Current research suggests that serotonine (5-HT) release within the ventral horn of the spinal cord plays a critical role in motor function, and activation of 5-HT receptors mediates locomotor control. 5-HT originating from the brain stem inhibits sensory afferent transmission and associated spinal reflexes; by abolishing 5-HT innervation SCI leads to a disinhibition of sensory transmission. 5-HT denervation supersensitivity is one of the key mechanisms underlying the increased motoneuron excitability that occurs after SCI, and this hyperexcitability has been demonstrated to underlie the pathogenesis of spasticity after SCI. Moreover, emerging evidence implicates serotonergic descending facilitatory pathways from the brainstem to the spinal cord in the maintenance of pathologic pain. There are functional relevant connections between the descending serotonergic system from the rostral ventromedial medulla in the brainstem, the 5-HT receptors in the spinal dorsal horn, and the descending pain facilitation after tissue and nerve injury. This narrative review focussed on the most important studies that have investigated the above-mentioned effects of impaired 5-HT-transmission in humans after SCI. We also briefly discussed the promising therapeutical approaches with serotonergic drugs, monoclonal antibodies and intraspinal cell transplantation.
Collapse
|
22
|
Tõntson L, Kopanchuk S, Rinken A. Characterization of 5-HT₁A receptors and their complexes with G-proteins in budded baculovirus particles using fluorescence anisotropy of Bodipy-FL-NAN-190. Neurochem Int 2014; 67:32-8. [PMID: 24508405 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Bodipy-FL-NAN-190 was found to be well suited for characterization of ligand binding to 5-HT1A receptors expressed in budded baculovirus particles, as binding is accompanied by large increases in fluorescence intensity and anisotropy. This ligand appears to bind rapidly (t1/2,ass<1 min), reversibly (t1/2,diss∼6 min) and has high affinity (Kd=0.30 ± 0.13 nM). This fluorescence anisotropy assay based on Bodipy-FL-NAN-190 binding to baculovirus particles was also a suitable assay system for the pharmacological characterization of non-labelled serotonergic ligands, as well as being sensitive to the presence of G-proteins and guanine nucleotides. Coexpression of αi subunits of human G-proteins in baculovirus particles resulted in the appearance of significantly greater proportion of nucleotide sensitive high affinity agonist binding sites. There were no significant differences between αi1 and αi3 subtypes, while ligand binding in the presence of αi2 had higher sensitivity to GDP and Mn(2+).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauri Tõntson
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sergei Kopanchuk
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Competence Centre on Reproductive Medicine & Biology, Tiigi 61b, 50410 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ago Rinken
- University of Tartu, Institute of Chemistry, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Competence Centre on Reproductive Medicine & Biology, Tiigi 61b, 50410 Tartu, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Antinociceptive Effects of Valeriana Extract in Mice: Involvement of the Dopaminergic and Serotonergic Systems. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-013-9392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
24
|
Effects of xaliproden, a 5-HT1A agonist, on mechanical allodynia caused by chemotherapeutic agents in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 721:231-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
25
|
Valhondo M, Marco I, Martín-Fontecha M, Vázquez-Villa H, Ramos JA, Berkels R, Lauterbach T, Benhamú B, López-Rodríguez ML. New serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonists endowed with antinociceptive activity in vivo. J Med Chem 2013; 56:7851-61. [PMID: 24050112 DOI: 10.1021/jm400766k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of new compounds 4-35 based on two different openings (A and B) of the chromane ring present in the previously identified 5-HT1A receptor (5-HT1AR) ligand 3. The synthesized compounds were assessed for binding affinity, selectivity, and functional activity at the 5-HT1AR. Selected candidates resulting from B opening were also evaluated for their potential antinociceptive effect in vivo and pharmacokinetic properties in vitro. Analogue 19 [2-(4-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}butyl)tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[1,2-c]imidazole-1,3(2H)-dione] has been characterized as a high-affinity and potent 5-HT1AR agonist (Ki = 2.3 nM; EC50 = 19 nM). Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that compound 19 displays a good metabolic stability in human liver microsomes (t1/2 ∼ 3 h and CLint = 3.5 mL/min/kg, at 5 μM), and a low level of protein binding (25%, at 5 μM). Interestingly, 19 (3 mg/kg, ip, and 30 mg/kg, po) caused significant attenuation of formalin-induced behavior in early and late phases of the mouse intradermal formalin test of pain, and this in vivo effect was reversed by the selective 5-HT1AR antagonist WAY-100635. Thus, the new 5-HT1AR agonist identified in this work, 19, exhibits oral analgesic activity, and the results herein represent a step toward identifying new therapeutics for the control of pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Valhondo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid , E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Carballo-Villalobos A, González-Trujano M, López-Muñoz F. Evidence of mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory/antinociceptive activities of acacetin. Eur J Pain 2013; 18:396-405. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00378.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.I. Carballo-Villalobos
- Laboratorio No.7 ‘Dolor y Analgesia’ del Departamento de Farmacobiología; Cinvestav-Sede Sur; México D.F. México
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias; Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz; México D.F. México
| | - M.E. González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias; Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz; México D.F. México
| | - F.J. López-Muñoz
- Laboratorio No.7 ‘Dolor y Analgesia’ del Departamento de Farmacobiología; Cinvestav-Sede Sur; México D.F. México
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Di Lorenzo C, Coppola G, Pierelli F. A case of cluster headache treated with rotigotine: clinical and neurophysiological correlates. Cephalalgia 2013; 33:1272-6. [PMID: 23709498 DOI: 10.1177/0333102413490346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic cluster headache (CCH) is characterized by recurrent bouts of facial pain lasting up to 180 minutes in the absence of a long remission period. CASE We report the case of a 43-year-old male patient with treatment-resistant CCH, who improved with administration of transdermal rotigotine. We also evaluated the nociceptive blink reflex habituation that was reduced before the treatment (as is usual in CH patients) and normalized by transdermal rotigotine. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that rotigotine could represent a further therapeutic option in the treatment of drug-resistant CCH.
Collapse
|
28
|
Serotonin: from top to bottom. Biogerontology 2012; 14:21-45. [PMID: 23100172 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-012-9406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter, which is phylogenetically conserved in a wide range of species from nematodes to humans. In mammals, age-related changes in serotonin systems are known risk factors of age-related diseases, such as diabetes, faecal incontinence and cardiovascular diseases. A decline in serotonin function with aging would be consistent with observations of age-related changes in behaviours, such as sleep, sexual behaviour and mood all of which are linked to serotonergic function. Despite this little is known about serotonin in relation to aging. This review aims to give a comprehensive analysis of the distribution, function and interactions of serotonin in the brain; gastrointestinal tract; skeletal; vascular and immune systems. It also aims to demonstrate how the function of serotonin is linked to aging and disease pathology in these systems. The regulation of serotonin via microRNAs is also discussed, as are possible applications of serotonergic drugs in aging research and age-related diseases. Furthermore, this review demonstrates that serotonin is potentially involved in whole organism aging through its links with multiple organs, the immune system and microRNA regulation. Methods to investigate these links are discussed.
Collapse
|
29
|
μ-opioid and 5-HT1A receptors heterodimerize and show signalling crosstalk via G protein and MAP-kinase pathways. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1648-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
30
|
Lladó-Pelfort L, Assié MB, Newman-Tancredi A, Artigas F, Celada P. In vivo electrophysiological and neurochemical effects of the selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist, F13640, at pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors in the rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 221:261-72. [PMID: 22147258 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE F13640 (befiradol) is a novel 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist with exceptional selectivity vs. other receptors and binding sites. It shows analgesic activity in animal models and is currently developed for human use. OBJECTIVES Given the potential dual role of the serotonergic system in pain, through the modulation of ascending signals in spinal cord and their emotional processing by corticolimbic areas, we examined the in vivo activity of F13640 at somatodendritic autoreceptors and postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) heteroreceptors in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). METHODS In vivo single unit recordings and intracerebral microdialysis in the rat. RESULTS F13640 reduced the activity of dorsal raphe serotonergic neurons at 0.2-18.2 μg kg(-1), i.v. (cumulative doses; ED(50) = 0.69 μg kg(-1), i.v.) and increased the discharge rate of 80% of mPFC pyramidal neurons in the same dose range (ED(50) = 0.62 μg kg(-1), i.v.). Both effects were reversed by the subsequent administration of the 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist (±)WAY100635. In microdialysis studies, F13640 (0.04-0.63 mg kg(-1), i.p.) dose-dependently decreased extracellular 5-HT in the hippocampus and mPFC. Likewise, F13640 (0.01-2.5 mg kg(-1), i.p.) dose-dependently increased extracellular DA in mPFC, an effect dependent on the activation of postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors in mPFC. Local perfusion of F13640 in mPFC (1-1,000 μM) also increased extracellular DA in a concentration-dependent manner. Both the systemic and local effects of F13640 were prevented by prior (±)WAY100635 administration. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that, upon systemic administration, F13640 activates both 5-HT(1A) autoreceptors and postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors in prefrontal cortex with a similar potency. Both activities are likely involved in the analgesic properties of the compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Lladó-Pelfort
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, CSIC-IDIBAPS, Rosselló 161, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bardin L, Colpaert FC. Role of spinal 5-HT1A receptors in morphine analgesia and tolerance in rats. Eur J Pain 2012; 8:253-61. [PMID: 15109976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2003.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2003] [Accepted: 09/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We here studied the involvement of spinally located 5-HT(1A) and opioid receptors, in the paradoxical effects that their activation can produce on nociception. Intrathecal (i.t.) injection of the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-[di-n-propylamino] tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) (1-10 microg) induced analgesic effects in the formalin model of tonic pain whereas in the paw pressure test, it decreased the vocalization threshold. In this latter test, i.t. 8-OH-DPAT also markedly reduced the analgesic effect of systemic morphine (5-10 mg/kg, s.c.). At 10 microg, 8-OH-DPAT totally abolished the effect of 5 mg/kg of morphine; this inhibitory effect was antagonized by pre-treatment with 0.63 mg/kg of the 5-HT(1A) antagonist WAY-100635 (N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]-ethyl]-N-(2-pyridinyl)-cyclohexanecarboxamide-trihydrochloride). In contrast, the i.t. injection of WAY-100635 (1-10 microg) dose-dependently potentiated the antinociceptive activity of a dose of morphine (2.5 mg/kg, s.c.). Furthermore, WAY-100635 (10 microg, i.t.) potentiated morphine analgesia in morphine-tolerant rats. These findings demonstrate that 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists can act in the spinal cord to produce both hyper- and hypo-algesic effects and play a major role in the opioid analgesia and tolerance.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin/pharmacology
- Afferent Pathways/cytology
- Afferent Pathways/drug effects
- Afferent Pathways/metabolism
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Interactions/physiology
- Drug Tolerance/physiology
- Injections, Spinal
- Male
- Morphine/pharmacology
- Pain/drug therapy
- Pain/metabolism
- Pain/physiopathology
- Pain Measurement/drug effects
- Pain Threshold/drug effects
- Pain Threshold/physiology
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/drug effects
- Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid/metabolism
- Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/physiopathology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Bardin
- Centre de Recherche Pierre-Fabre, 17 Avenue Jean Moulin, Castres Cédex F-81106, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Deseure KR, Adriaensen HF, Colpaert FC. Effects of the combined continuous administration of morphine and the high-efficacy 5-HT1A
agonist, F 13640 in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. Eur J Pain 2012; 8:547-54. [PMID: 15531223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2004.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2003] [Accepted: 01/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
F 13640 is a recently discovered high-efficacy 5-HT1A receptor agonist that has demonstrated robust anti-allodynic efficacy in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain upon acute and continuous administration. In this model, continuous morphine infusion (5 mg/day) was shown to be effective during the first week of its administration but became almost completely ineffective by the end of the second week; F 13640's effectiveness (0.63 mg/day) remained unchanged during two weeks. Here, we examined the effects of combining F 13640 infusion with that of morphine. During the first week, the combination of the two agents produced a magnitude of effect that was similar to that of morphine when given alone and larger than that of F 13640 alone. During the second week, the combination produced an effect that was similar to that of F 13640 alone, and more effective than that of morphine alone. The latter data suggest that the 5-HT1A agonist, F 13640, inhibits the development of tolerance to morphine in this model. However, it is also possible that little, if any, interaction occurred between the different mechanisms initiated by opioid and 5-HT1A receptor activation, and that the anti-allodynic effect that remained by the end of the two-week treatment period is due solely to 5-HT1A receptor activation. The stable effects of F 13640 during the second week of treatment surpassed those of morphine and were not improved by the addition of morphine to F 13640.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristof R Deseure
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Analgesic, anticonvulsant and antioxidant activities of 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one dihydrochloride in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 101:138-47. [PMID: 22227221 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently we have shown that 3-[4-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-piperazin-1-yl]-dihydrofuran-2-one dihydrochloride (LPP1) is an antinociceptive and local anesthetic agent in rodents. Below an extended study of the pharmacological activity of LPP1 is described. In vitro LPP1 has no affinity for GABA(A), opioidergic μ and serotonergic 5-HT(1A) receptors. The total antioxidant capacity of LPP1 (1-10mM) measured as ABTS radical cation-scavenging activity showed that LPP1 has dose-dependent antioxidant properties in vitro. Low plasma concentration of this compound detected by means of HPLC method 30min after its intraperitoneal administration suggests a rapid conversion to metabolite(s) which may be responsible for its analgesic and anticonvulsant activities in vivo. In vivo the compound's influence on the electroconvulsive threshold and its activity in the maximal electroshock seizure test (MES) were evaluated. The results demonstrated that LPP1 had an anticonvulsant activity in the MES model (ED(50)=112mg/kg) and at a dose of 50mg/kg was able to elevate the electroconvulsive threshold for 8mA as compared to the vehicle-treated mice. The analgesic activity of LPP1 was investigated in the acetic acid-induced writhing test in two groups of mice: animals with sensory C-fibers ablated, and mice with C-fibers unimpaired. It proved the potent activity of this compound in both groups (approximately 85% as compared to the vehicle-treated mice). The adverse effects of LPP1 were evaluated as acute toxicity (LD(50)=747.8mg/kg) and motor coordination impairments in the rotarod and chimney tests. The results from these tests show that LPP1 at doses higher than 100mg/kg is likely to impair the motor performance of experimental animals. Concluding, LPP1 is an analgesic and anticonvulsant compound which has antioxidant properties in vitro. Further studies are necessary to assess whether the antioxidant activity and the receptor profiling demonstrated in vitro can be confirmed for its metabolite(s) that are formed in vivo.
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Patient phenotypes in pharmacological pain treatment varies between individuals, which could be partly assigned to their genotypes regarding the targets of classical analgesics (OPRM1, PTGS2) or associated signalling pathways (KCNJ6). Translational and genetic research have identified new targets, for which new analgesics are being developed. This addresses voltage-gated sodium, calcium and potassium channels, for which SCN9A, CACNA1B, KCNQ2 and KCNQ3, respectively, are primary gene candidates because they code for the subunits of the respective channels targeted by analgesics currently in clinical development. Mutations in voltage gated transient receptor potential (TRPV) channels are known from genetic pain research and may modulate the effects of analgesics under development targeting TRPV1 or TRPV3. To this add ligand-gated ion channels including nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, ionotropic glutamate-gated receptors and ATP-gated purinergic P2X receptors with most important subunits coded by CHRNA4, GRIN2B and P2RX7. Among G protein coupled receptors, δ-opioid receptors (coded by OPRD1), cannabinoid receptors (CNR1 and CNR2), metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR5 coded by GRM5), bradykinin B(1) (BDKRB1) and 5-HT(1A) (HTR1A) receptors are targeted by new analgesic substances. Finally, nerve growth factor (NGFB), its tyrosine kinase receptor (NTRK1) and the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) have become targets of interest. For most of these genes, functional variants have been associated with neuro-psychiatric disorders and not yet with analgesia. However, research on the genetic modulation of pain has already identified variants in these genes, relative to pain, which may facilitate the pharmacogenetic assessments of new analgesics. The increased number of candidate pharmacogenetic modulators of analgesic actions may open opportunities for the broader clinical implementation of genotyping information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Lötsch
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Perrin FE, Gerber YN, Teigell M, Lonjon N, Boniface G, Bauchet L, Rodriguez JJ, Hugnot JP, Privat AM. Anatomical study of serotonergic innervation and 5-HT(1A) receptor in the human spinal cord. Cell Death Dis 2011; 2:e218. [PMID: 21993394 PMCID: PMC3219094 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2011.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Serotonergic innervation of the spinal cord in mammals has multiple roles in the control of motor, sensory and visceral functions. In rats, functional consequences of spinal cord injury at thoracic level can be improved by a substitutive transplantation of serotonin (5-HT) neurons or regeneration under the trophic influence of grafted stem cells. Translation to either pharmacological and/or cellular therapies in humans requires the mapping of the spinal cord 5-HT innervation and its receptors to determine their involvement in specific functions. Here, we have performed a preliminary mapping of serotonergic processes and serotonin-lA (5-HT1A) receptors in thoracic and lumbar segments of the human spinal cord. As in rodents and non-human primates, 5-HT profiles in human spinal cord are present in the ventral horn, surrounding motoneurons, and also contact their presumptive dendrites at lumbar level. 5-HT1A receptors are present in the same area, but are more densely expressed at lumbar level. 5-HT profiles are also present in the intermediolateral region, where 5-HT1A receptors are absent. Finally, we observed numerous serotonergic profiles in the superficial part (equivalent of Rexed lamina II) of the dorsal horn, which also displayed high levels of 5-HT1A receptors. These findings pave the way for local specific therapies involving cellular and/or pharmacological tools targeting the serotonergic system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F E Perrin
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen Y, Wang G, Xu X, Liu BF, Li J, Zhang G. Design, synthesis and biological activity evaluation of arylpiperazine derivatives for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Molecules 2011; 16:5785-806. [PMID: 21738106 PMCID: PMC6264349 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16075785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a series of arylpiperazine derivatives were synthesized and screened by in vivo pharmacological trials. Among the tested compounds, 2-(4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-phenylethanone (18) and 2-(4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-phenylethanone (19) exhibited potent analgesic activities in both the mice writhing and mice hot plate tests. They showed more than 70% inhibition relative to controls in the writhing test, and increased latency by 116.0% and 134.4%, respectively, in the hot plate test. Furthermore, compound 18 was also active in the models of formalin pain and neuropathic pain without sedative side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 1111 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xiangqing Xu
- Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Corporation, Ltd. 69# Minzhu South Road Xuzhou City, Jiangsu, 221009, China
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- Department of Systems Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jianqi Li
- Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, 1111 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Guisen Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Corporation, Ltd. 69# Minzhu South Road Xuzhou City, Jiangsu, 221009, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +86-27-87792235; Fax: +86-27-87792170
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lindstedt F, Berrebi J, Greayer E, Lonsdorf TB, Schalling M, Ingvar M, Kosek E. Conditioned pain modulation is associated with common polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18252. [PMID: 21464942 PMCID: PMC3065474 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Variation in the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene (SLC6A4) has been shown to influence a wide range of affective processes. Low 5-HTT gene-expression has also been suggested to increase the risk of chronic pain. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) - i.e. ‘pain inhibits pain’ - is impaired in chronic pain states and, reciprocally, aberrations of CPM may predict the development of chronic pain. Therefore we hypothesized that a common variation in the SLC6A4 is associated with inter-individual variation in CPM. Forty-five healthy subjects recruited on the basis of tri-allelic 5-HTTLPR genotype, with inferred high or low 5-HTT-expression, were included in a double-blind study. A submaximal-effort tourniquet test was used to provide a standardized degree of conditioning ischemic pain. Individualized noxious heat and pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were used as subjective test-modalities and the nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) was used to provide an objective neurophysiological window into spinal processing. Results The low, as compared to the high, 5-HTT-expressing group exhibited significantly reduced CPM-mediated pain inhibition for PPTs (p = 0.02) and heat-pain (p = 0.02). The CPM-mediated inhibition of the NFR, gauged by increases in NFR-threshold, did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.75). Inhibition of PPTs and heat-pain were correlated (Spearman’s rho = 0.35, p = 0.02), whereas the NFR-threshold increase was not significantly correlated with degree of inhibition of these subjectively reported modalities. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the involvement of the tri-allelic 5-HTTLPR genotype in explaining clinically relevant inter-individual differences in pain perception and regulation. Our results also illustrate that shifts in NFR-thresholds do not necessarily correlate to the modulation of experienced pain. We discuss various possible mechanisms underlying these findings and suggest a role of regulation of 5-HT receptors along the neuraxis as a function of differential 5-HTT-expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Lindstedt
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Stockholm Brain Institute, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Martínez AL, González-Trujano ME, Chávez M, Pellicer F, Moreno J, López-Muñoz FJ. Hesperidin produces antinociceptive response and synergistic interaction with ketorolac in an arthritic gout-type pain in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 97:683-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
39
|
Hajhashemi V, Amin B. Effect of glibenclamide on antinociceptive effects of antidepressants of different classes. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011; 66:321-5. [PMID: 21484053 PMCID: PMC3059867 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this work was to determine whether the intraperitoneal administration of glibenclamide as a K ATP channel blocker could have an effect on the antinociceptive effects of antidepressants with different mechanisms of action. METHODS Three antidepressant drugs, amitriptyline as a dual-action, nonselective inhibitor of noradrenaline and a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluvoxamine as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and maprotiline as a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, were selected, and the effect of glibenclamide on their antinociceptive activities was assessed in male Swiss mice (25-30 g) using a formalin test. DISCUSSION None of the drugs affected acute nociceptive responses during the first phase. Amitriptyline (5, 10 mg/ kg), maprotiline (10, 20 mg/kg) and fluvoxamine (20 and 30 mg/kg) effectively inhibited pain induction caused by the second phase of the formalin test. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) alone did not alter licking behaviors based on a comparison with the control group. However, the pretreatment of animals with glibenclamide (10 and 15 mg/kg) partially reversed the antinociceptive effects of fluvoxamine but not those of maprotiline. In addition, the highest dose of glibenclamide (15 mg/kg) partially prevented the analgesic effect of amitriptyline. CONCLUSION Therefore, it seems that adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium channels have a major role in the analgesic activity of amitriptyline and fluvoxamine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valiollah Hajhashemi
- Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Huo FQ, Huang FS, Lv BC, Chen T, Feng J, Qu CL, Tang JS, Li YQ. Activation of serotonin 1A receptors in ventrolateral orbital cortex depresses persistent nociception: A presynaptic inhibition mechanism. Neurochem Int 2010; 57:749-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 07/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
41
|
Guenther U, Wrigge H, Theuerkauf N, Boettcher MF, Wensing G, Zinserling J, Putensen C, Hoeft A. Repinotan, a selective 5-HT1A-R-agonist, antagonizes morphine-induced ventilatory depression in anesthetized rats. Anesth Analg 2010; 111:901-7. [PMID: 20802053 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181eac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation improves arterial oxygenation and cardiovascular function, but is depressed by opioids during critical care. Opioid-induced ventilatory depression was shown to be counteracted in anesthetized rats by serotonin(1A)-receptor (5-HT(1A)-R)-agonist 8-OH-DPAT, which cannot be applied to humans. Repinotan hydrochloride is a selective 5-HT(1A)-R-agonist already investigated in humans, but the effects on ventilation and nociception are unknown. In this study, we sought to establish (a) the effects of repinotan on spontaneous breathing and nociception, and (b) the interaction with the standard opiate morphine. METHODS The dose-dependent effects of repinotan, given alone or in combination with morphine, on spontaneous minute ventilation (MV) and nociceptive tail-flick reflex latencies (TFLs) were measured simultaneously in spontaneously breathing anesthetized rats. An additional series with NaCl 0.9% and the 5-HT(1A)-R-antagonist WAY 100 135 served as controls. RESULTS (a) Repinotan dose-dependently activated spontaneous breathing (MV, mean [95% confidence interval]; 53% [29%-77%]) of pretreatment level) and suppressed nociception (TLF, 91% maximum possible effect [68%-114%]) with higher doses of repinotan (2-200 μg/kg). On the contrary, nociception was enhanced with a small dose of repinotan (0.2 μg/kg; TFL, -47% maximum possible effect [-95% to 2%]). Effects were prevented by 5-HT(1A)-antagonist WAY 100 135. (B) Morphine-induced depression of ventilation (MV, -72% [-100% to -44%]) was reversed by repinotan (20 μg/kg), which returned spontaneous ventilation to pretreatment levels (MV, 18% [-40% to 77%]). The morphine-induced complete depression of nociception was sustained throughout repinotan and NaCl 0.9% administration. Despite a mild decrease in mean arterial blood pressure, there were no serious cardiovascular side effects from repinotan. CONCLUSIONS The 5-HT(1A)-R-agonist repinotan activates spontaneous breathing in anesthetized rats even in morphine-induced ventilatory depression. The potency of 5-HT(1A)-R-agonists to stimulate spontaneous breathing and their antinociceptive effects should be researched further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Guenther
- University Hospital of Bonn, Clinic of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Bonn, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bardin L, Gregoire S, Aliaga M, Malfetes N, Vitton O, Ladure P, Newman-Tancredi A, Depoortère R. Comparison of milnacipran, duloxetine and pregabalin in the formalin pain test and in a model of stress-induced ultrasonic vocalizations in rats. Neurosci Res 2010; 66:135-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
43
|
Kosek E, Jensen KB, Lonsdorf TB, Schalling M, Ingvar M. Genetic variation in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR, rs25531) influences the analgesic response to the short acting opioid Remifentanil in humans. Mol Pain 2009; 5:37. [PMID: 19570226 PMCID: PMC2717925 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-5-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is evidence from animal studies that serotonin (5-HT) can influence the antinociceptive effects of opioids at the spinal cord level. Therefore, there could be an influence of genetic polymorphisms in the serotonin system on individual variability in response to opioid treatment of pain. The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is a key regulator of serotonin metabolism and availability and its gene harbors several known polymorphisms that are known to affect 5-HTT expression (e.g. 5-HTTLPR, rs25531). The aim of this study was to investigate if the triallelic 5-HTTLPR influences pain sensitivity or the analgesic effect of opioids in humans. 43 healthy volunteers (12 men, 31 women, mean age 26 years) underwent heat pain stimulations before and after intravenous injection of Remifentanil; a rapid and potent opioid drug acting on μ-type receptors. Subjects rated their perceived pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS). All participants were genotyped for the 5-HTTLPR and the rs25531 polymorphism. We recruited by advertising, with no history of drug abuse, chronic pain or psychiatric disorders. Results At baseline, there was no difference in pain ratings for the different triallelic 5-HTTLPR genotype groups. However, the opiod drug had a differential analgesic effect depending on the triallelic 5-HTTLPR genotype. Remifentanil had a significantly better analgesic effect in individuals with a genotype coding for low 5-HTT expression (SA/SA and SA/LG) as compared to those with high expression(LA/LA), p < 0.02. The analgesic effect for the three different genotype groups was linear to degree of 5-HTT expression. Conclusion This is the first report showing an influence of the triallelic 5-HTTLPR on pain sensitivity or the analgesic effect of opioids in humans. Previously the 5-HTTLPR s-allele has been associated with higher risk of developing chronic pain conditions but in this study we show that the genotype coding for low 5-HTT expression is associated with a better analgesic effect of an opioid. The s-allele has been associated with downregulation of 5-HT1 receptors and we suggest that individuals with a desensitization of 5-HT1 receptors have an increased analgesic response to opioids during acute pain stimuli, but may still be at increased risk of developing chronic pain conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kosek
- Osher Center For Integrative Medicine, Stockholm Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Martel JC, Assié MB, Bardin L, Depoortère R, Cussac D, Newman-Tancredi A. 5-HT1A receptors are involved in the effects of xaliproden on G-protein activation, neurotransmitter release and nociception. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 158:232-42. [PMID: 19508400 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00249.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Xaliproden (SR57746A) is a 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist and neurotrophic agent that reduces oxaliplatin-mediated neuropathy in clinical trials. The present study investigated its profile on in vitro transduction, neurochemical responses and acute nociceptive pain tests in rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Xaliproden was tested on models associated with 5-HT(1A) receptor activation including G-protein activation, extracellular dopamine and 5-HT levels measured by microdialysis and formalin-induced pain. Activation of 5-HT(1A) receptors was confirmed by antagonism with WAY100635. KEY RESULTS Xaliproden exhibited high affinity for rat (r) and human (h) 5-HT(1A) receptors (pK(i)= 8.84 and 9.00). In [(35)S]GTPgammaS (guanosine 5'-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate) assays it activated both hippocampal r5-HT(1A)[pEC(50)/E(MAX) of 7.58/61% (%5-HT)] and recombinant h5-HT(1A) receptors (glioma C6-h5-HT(1A): 7.39/62%; HeLa-h5-HT(1A): 7.24/93%). In functional [(35)S]GTPgammaS autoradiography, xaliproden induced labelling in structures enriched with 5-HT(1A) receptors (hippocampus, lateral septum, prefrontal and entorhinal cortices). Xaliproden inhibited in vivo binding of [(3)H]WAY100635 to 5-HT(1A) receptors in mouse frontal cortex and hippocampus (ID(50): 3.5 and 3.3 mg x kg(-1), p.o. respectively). In rat, it increased extracellular dopamine levels in frontal cortex and reduced hippocampal 5-HT levels (ED(50): 1.2 and 0.7 mg x kg(-1), i.p. respectively). In a rat pain model, xaliproden inhibited paw licking and elevation (ED(50): 1 and 3 mg x kg(-1), i.p. respectively) following formalin injection in the paw. All effects were reversed by pretreatment with WAY100635. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results indicate that activation of 5-HT(1A) receptors is the principal mechanism of action of xaliproden and provide further support for the utility of 5-HT(1A) receptor activation as an anti-nociceptive strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-C Martel
- Division of Neurobiology 2, Centre de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Castres, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Guenther U, Manzke T, Wrigge H, Dutschmann M, Zinserling J, Putensen C, Hoeft A. The Counteraction of Opioid-Induced Ventilatory Depression by the Serotonin 1A-Agonist 8-OH-DPAT Does Not Antagonize Antinociception in Rats In Situ and In Vivo. Anesth Analg 2009; 108:1169-76. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e318198f828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
46
|
Region-specific changes in 5-HT1A agonist-induced Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinases 1/2 phosphorylation in rat brain: A quantitative ELISA study. Neuropharmacology 2009; 56:350-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
47
|
Newman-Tancredi A, Martel JC, Assié MB, Buritova J, Lauressergues E, Cosi C, Heusler P, Bruins Slot L, Colpaert FC, Vacher B, Cussac D. Signal transduction and functional selectivity of F15599, a preferential post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptor agonist. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 156:338-53. [PMID: 19154445 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2008.00001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Activation of post-synaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors may provide enhanced therapy against depression. We describe the signal transduction profile of F15599, a novel 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH F15599 was compared with a chemical congener, F13714, and with (+)8-OH-DPAT in models of signal transduction in vitro and ex vivo. KEY RESULTS F15599 was highly selective for 5-HT(1A) receptors in binding experiments and in [(35)S]-GTPgammaS autoradiography of rat brain, where F15599 increased labelling in regions expressing 5-HT(1A) receptors. In cell lines expressing h5-HT(1A) receptors, F15599 more potently stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation, compared with G-protein activation, internalization of h5-HT(1A) receptors or inhibition of cAMP accumulation. F13714, (+)8-OH-DPAT and 5-HT displayed a different rank order of potency for these responses. F15599 stimulated [(35)S]-GTPgammaS binding more potently in frontal cortex than raphe. F15599, unlike 5-HT, more potently and efficaciously stimulated G(alphai) than G(alphao) activation. In rat prefrontal cortex (a region expressing post-synaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors), F15599 potently activated ERK1/2 phosphorylation and strongly induced c-fos mRNA expression. In contrast, in raphe regions (expressing pre-synaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors) F15599 only weakly or did not induce c-fos mRNA expression. Finally, despite its more modest affinity in vitro, F15599 bound to 5-HT(1A) receptors in vivo almost as potently as F13714. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS F15599 showed a distinctive activation profiles for 5-HT(1A) receptor-mediated signalling pathways, unlike those of reference agonists and consistent with functional selectivity at 5-HT(1A) receptors. In rat, F15599 potently activated signalling in prefrontal cortex, a feature likely to underlie its beneficial effects in models of depression and cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Newman-Tancredi
- Neurobiology 2 Division, Centre de Recherche Pierre Fabre, 17 avenue Jean Moulin, Castres, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Antinociceptive activity of Tilia americana var. mexicana inflorescences and quercetin in the formalin test and in an arthritic pain model in rats. Neuropharmacology 2008; 56:564-71. [PMID: 19027760 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Revised: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tilia species are well known around the world for their properties in traditional medicine. Antinociceptive activity of hexane, methanol and aqueous extracts from Tilia americana var. mexicana inflorescences was evaluated in the pain-induced functional impairment model in rats (PIFIR). A preliminar 300 mg/kg dosage of aqueous extracts i.p., but not the same dose of methanol or hexane extract, produced an antinociceptive response in rats similar to that of tramadol (17.8 mg/kg i.p.). A dose-response curve from aqueous extract allowed the determination of ED(50) = 364.97 mg/kg in comparison to ED(50) = 10.35 mg/kg for tramadol in this model. A previous HPLC-DAD analysis corroborated by an HPLC-MS technique in this study demonstrated the flavonoid composition in this Tilia aqueous extract revealing the presence of glycosides mainly derived from quercetin. Thus, Tilia aqueous extract and quercetin were tested at 30 and/or 100 mg/kg dosages i.p. in the PIFIR and formalin models producing a significant and dose-dependent antinociceptive response resembling that produced by a total and a partial agonist of 5-HT(1A) receptors like 8-OH-DPAT (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) and buspirone (5 mg/kg, i.p.), respectively. In all the treatments, antinociceptive response was inhibited in the presence of WAY 100635 (0.12 mg/kg, i.p.). Our results support the analgesic activity of T. americana var. mexicana inflorescences attributed by folk medicine; they also indicate that quercetin is partly responsible for this pharmacological activity that is likely mediated by serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptors.
Collapse
|
49
|
Deseure K, Bréand S, Colpaert FC. Curative-like analgesia in a neuropathic pain model: Parametric analysis of the dose and the duration of treatment with a high-efficacy 5-HT1A receptor agonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 568:134-41. [PMID: 17512927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2006] [Revised: 04/05/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
High-efficacy activation of central 5-HT(1A) receptors by means of the recently discovered, selective 5-HT(1A) receptor ligand, F 13640 [(3-chloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-[4-fluoro-4-{[(5-methyl-pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-amino]methyl}piperidin-1-yl]methanone, fumaric acid salt] causes an unprecedented, broad-spectrum analgesia in rat models of acute and chronic pain of nociceptive and neuropathic origin; it also is effective in conditions where opioids either are ineffective, induce analgesic tolerance, or elicit persistent hyperalgesia/allodynia. Inversely mirroring morphine's actions, F 13640's ("curative-like") analgesic effects persist after the discontinuation of treatment. Here, we examined the relationships, if any, between the dose and the duration of F 13640 treatment on the one hand, and the duration of persistent analgesia on the other. Rats received unilateral infraorbital nerve injury and developed allodynia - as assessed by an increased response to von Frey filament stimulation - within 24 days; thereafter, using osmotic pumps, rats were subcutaneously infused with F 13640 in two experiments. In one, a one-week infusion was instituted at 0.04-10-mg/day doses; in a second experiment, a 0.63-mg/day dose was implemented for a duration ranging from 1 to 56 days. These 250- and 56-fold variations of the dose and duration of treatment caused post-treatment, persistent analgesia for about 10 and 40 days, respectively. At least as much as dose, the duration of F 13640 treatment determines F 13640-induced persistent analgesia. Neuroadaptive modulations at pre- and postsynaptic, brain and spinal cord 5-HT(1A) receptors may be involved in the dynamical, dose- and time-dependent, pre-treatment rise and post-treatment decay of the analgesia induced by high-efficacy 5-HT(1A) receptor activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristof Deseure
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kiss I, Degryse AD, Bardin L, Gomez de Segura IA, Colpaert FC. The novel analgesic, F 13640, produces intra- and postoperative analgesia in a rat model of surgical pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 523:29-39. [PMID: 16226246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2002] [Revised: 08/23/2005] [Accepted: 09/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
F 13640 is a newly discovered high-efficacy 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist that produces exceptional analgesia in animal models of tonic and chronic, nociceptive and neuropathic pains by novel molecular and neuroadaptive mechanisms. Here we examined the effects of F 13640 and remifentanil (0.63 mg/kg with either compound) when injected i.p. either before or 15 min after rats underwent orthopedic surgery. Surgery consisted of the drilling of a hole in the calcaneus bone and of an incision of the skin, fascia and plantar muscle of one foot. During surgery, the concentration of volatile isoflurane was progressively incremented depending on the animal's response to surgical maneuvers. Other experiments examined the dose-dependent effects of F 13640 (0.04 to 0.63 mg/kg) on surgical pain as well as on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of isoflurane. Both F 13640 and remifentanil markedly reduced the intra-operative isoflurane requirement. F 13640 also reduced measures of postoperative pain (i.e., paw elevation and flexion). With these postoperative measures, remifentanil produced short-lived analgesia followed by hyperalgesia. F 13640 significantly reduced both surgical pain and the isoflurane Minimum Alveolar Concentration from 0.16 mg/kg onward. F 13640 produced powerful intra- and postoperative analgesia in rats undergoing orthopedic surgery. Unlike the opioid, remifentanil, F 13640 caused no hyperalgesia with ongoing postoperative pain, and should remain effective with protracted postoperative use.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Analgesia
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Opioid/adverse effects
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Analysis of Variance
- Anesthetics, Inhalation/administration & dosage
- Anesthetics, Inhalation/pharmacokinetics
- Anesthetics, Inhalation/pharmacology
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Hyperalgesia/chemically induced
- Isoflurane/administration & dosage
- Isoflurane/pharmacokinetics
- Isoflurane/pharmacology
- Male
- Monitoring, Intraoperative
- Orthopedic Procedures/adverse effects
- Pain/etiology
- Pain/prevention & control
- Pain Measurement/methods
- Pain Threshold/drug effects
- Pain, Postoperative/etiology
- Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Piperidines/administration & dosage
- Piperidines/adverse effects
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Pulmonary Alveoli/metabolism
- Pyridines/administration & dosage
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Remifentanil
- Serotonin Antagonists/pharmacology
- Vocalization, Animal/drug effects
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Kiss
- Klinik für Anästhesie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|