1
|
Szymański M, Wandtke T, Wasilow K, Andryszczyk M, Janicki R, Domaracki P. Comparison of 3- and 6-Month Outcomes of Combined Oral L-Carnitine Fumarate and Acetyl-L-Carnitine Therapy, Included in an Antioxidant Formulation, in Patients with Idiopathic Infertility. Am J Mens Health 2021; 15:15579883211036790. [PMID: 34515581 PMCID: PMC8442503 DOI: 10.1177/15579883211036790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The male factor is responsible for infertility in about 35-40% of all cases. Idiopathic oligo- and/or astheno- and/or therato-zoospermia is one of the most common male fertility disorders and remains a significant therapeutic challenge. The primary cause of idiopathic male infertility remains unknown but seems to be associated with oxidative stress. Objective: The use of antioxidative formulation to improve qualitative and quantitative deficiencies in the male gametes.In total, 78 subjects were treated with a combination of 1,725 mg L-carnitine fumarate, 500 mg acetyl-L-carnitine, 90 mg vitamin C, 20 mg coenzyme Q10, 10 mg zinc, 200 µg folic acid, 50 µg selenium, and 1.5 µg vitamin B12 (Proxeed® Plus, Sigma-Tau, Italy) for 6 months; the preparation was taken twice daily from the time idiopathic infertility was diagnosed. Basic seminal parameters were evaluated by a European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) -certified embryologist following the fifth edition of the World Health Organisation (2010) guidelines at three time points: at baseline and 3 and 6 months of treatment.Improvements in semen parameters (differing in terms of dynamics) were evident at 3 months and gradually improved over the 6 months of treatment. Each parameter: sperm concentration, total sperm count, sperm total and progressive motility improved significantly after treatment except for the percentage of sperm of abnormal morphology and ejaculate volume.Proxeed Plus was effective for patients with idiopathic infertility; however, a long treatment period is needed to achieve optimal results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Szymański
- Department of Women’s Health,
Sexology and Reproductive Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus
Copernicus University, Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of
Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Gynecology and Oncological
Gynecology Ward, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC,
Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wandtke
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of
Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Gene Therapy,
Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń,
Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Karolina Wasilow
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of
Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek Andryszczyk
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of
Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Sciences and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz,
Poland
| | - Radosław Janicki
- NZOZ Medical Center, Clinic of
Infertility Treatment “Genesis”, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Gynecology and Oncological
Gynecology Ward, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC,
Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Domaracki
- Gynecology and Oncological
Gynecology Ward, 10th Military Research Hospital and Polyclinic, IPHC,
Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bayrak S, Aktaş S, Altun Z, Çakir Y, Tütüncü M, Kum Özşengezer S, Yilmaz O, Olgun N. Antioxidant effect of acetyl-l-carnitine against cisplatin-induced cardiotoxicity. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520951393. [PMID: 32865065 PMCID: PMC7469739 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520951393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cisplatin (CDDP) toxicity is a dose-limiting clinical problem in clinical practice, mainly because of nephrotoxicity or ototoxicity. However, the mechanism of CDDP-induced cardiotoxicity is poorly understood. Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALCAR) is an antioxidant agent with protective effects against the side effects of various chemotherapeutics. CDDP-induced cardiotoxicity and the protective role of ALCAR were evaluated in this study. Methods Morphological changes were evaluated in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, and immunohistochemistry for caspase-3, superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2), inducible nitrite oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2, and Bcl-2 was performed using the hearts of athymic nude mice carrying xenograft neuroblastoma tumors. Mice were randomized (six/group) to the control, CDDP (16 mg/kg), and ALCAR (200 mg/kg)+CDDP (16 mg/kg) groups. Results were analyzed using nonparametric tests. Results No difference was observed in the rates of cardiac necrosis, dilated/congested blood vessels, hemorrhage, polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, edema, and pyknotic nuclei among the groups. SOD-2 expression was increased in the CDDP group but not in the ALCAR+CDDP group. iNOS, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 levels were not significantly different among the groups. Conclusions ALCAR might be a candidate protective agent for CDDP-induced cardiotoxicity. SOD-2, as a member of the oxidant system, should be evaluated in further studies as a biomarker of cardiotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Bayrak
- Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Oncology, Department of Clinical Oncology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Safiye Aktaş
- Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Oncology, Department of Basic Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Altun
- Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Oncology, Department of Basic Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Çakir
- Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Oncology, Department of Basic Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Merve Tütüncü
- Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Oncology, Department of Basic Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Selen Kum Özşengezer
- Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Oncology, Department of Basic Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Osman Yilmaz
- Dokuz Eylul University, Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nur Olgun
- Dokuz Eylul University Institute of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao HY, Li HY, Jin J, Jin JZ, Zhang LY, Xuan MY, Jin XM, Jiang YJ, Zheng HL, Jin YS, Jin YJ, Choi BS, Yang CW, Piao SG, Li C. L-carnitine treatment attenuates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction. Korean J Intern Med 2021; 36:S180-S195. [PMID: 32942841 PMCID: PMC8009152 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Accumulating evidence indicates that L-carnitine (LC) protects against multiorgan damage through its antioxidant properties and preservation of the mitochondria. Little information is available about the effects of LC on renal fibrosis. This study examined whether LC treatment would provide renoprotection in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and in vitro. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent UUO were treated daily with LC for 7 or 14 days. The influence of LC on renal injury caused by UUO was evaluated by histopathology, and analysis of gene expression, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, programmed cell death, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ AKT/forkhead box protein O 1a (FoxO1a) signaling. In addition, H2O2-exposed human kidney cells (HK-2) were treated with LC. RESULTS LC treatment inhibited expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, and was followed by a significant attenuation of tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. The increased oxidative stress caused by UUO was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive apoptosis and autophagy via PI3K/AKT/FoxO1a-dependent signaling, and this was abrogated by administration of LC. In H2O2-exposed HK-2 cells, LC decreased intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, and suppressed expression of profibrotic cytokines and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. CONCLUSION LC protects against the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in an obstructed kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Health Examination Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Postdoctoral Research Institute, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Hui Ying Li
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Postdoctoral Research Institute, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Ji Zhe Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Long Ye Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Mei Ying Xuan
- Health Examination Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Xue Mei Jin
- Department of Pathology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Yu Ji Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Hai Lan Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Ying Shun Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| | - Yong Jie Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum Soon Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shang Guo Piao
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Correspondence to Shang Guo Piao, M.D. Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, #1327 Juzi St., Yanji 133000, China Tel: +86-155-2677-0987 Fax: +86-433-251-3610 E-mail:
| | - Can Li
- Department of Nephrology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Latham LE, Wang C, Patterson TA, Slikker W, Liu F. Neuroprotective Effects of Carnitine and Its Potential Application to Ameliorate Neurotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1208-1222. [PMID: 33570912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Carnitine is an essential metabolite that is absorbed from the diet and synthesized in the kidney, liver, and brain. It ferries fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane to undergo β-oxidation. Carnitine has been studied as a therapy or protective agent for many neurological diseases and neurotoxicity (e.g., prolonged anesthetic exposure-induced developmental neurotoxicity in preclinical models). Preclinical and clinical data support the notion that carnitine or acetyl carnitine may improve a patient's quality of life through increased mitochondrial respiration, release of neurotransmitters, and global gene expression changes, showing the potential of carnitine beyond its approved use to treat primary and secondary carnitine deficiency. In this review, we summarize the beneficial effects of carnitine or acetyl carnitine on the central nervous system, highlighting protective effects against neurotoxicity-induced damage caused by various chemicals and encouraging a thorough evaluation of carnitine use as a therapy for patients suffering from neurotoxicant exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah E Latham
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Cheng Wang
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Tucker A Patterson
- Office of Director, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - William Slikker
- Office of Director, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| | - Fang Liu
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/FDA, Jefferson, Arkansas 72079, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Azab SS, kamel I, Ismail NN, El Din Hosni H, El Fatah MA. The defensive role of taurine against gonadotoxicity and testicular apoptosis effects induced by cisplatin in rats. J Infect Chemother 2020; 26:51-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
6
|
Serinan E, Altun Z, Aktaş S, Çeçen E, Olgun N. Comparison of Cisplatin with Lipoplatin in Terms of Ototoxicity. J Int Adv Otol 2019; 14:211-215. [PMID: 29460824 DOI: 10.5152/iao.2018.4097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cisplatin (CDDP) is an anti-neoplastic agent that has been used in treatments of both pediatric and adult cancers. It has many side effects, such as ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. Lipoplatin (LIPO) is a nanomolecule with 110 nm diameter and composed of lipids and CDDP. In this study, we aimed to compare the toxic effects of LIPO with CDDP in the cochlear cells with anti-tumoral doses determined in neuroblastoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS House Ear Institute Organ Corti 1 (HEI-OC1), MYC-N amplified KELLY, and MYC-N non-amplified SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells were used in this study. Firstly, anti-tumoral lethal dose 50 (LD50) of LIPO and CDDP were determined using the WST-1 assay in both neuroblastoma cells. Then anti-tumoral doses of CDDP and LIPO were applied on HEI-OC1 cells for evaluating the toxic effects. The apoptotic cell death was measured using flow cytometric analysis of annexin-V/7-amino-actinomycin (7-AAD) and cell cycle tests. RESULTS LIPO or CDDP inhibited cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner in both neuroblastoma and HEI-OC1 cells. LD50 values were selected as 20 mM for CDDP and 750 mM for LIPO in neuroblastoma cells. After the 48-hour incubation, KELLY cells treated with 20 mM CDDP and 750 mM LIPO had a 53% viability; SH-SY5Y cells treated 20 mM CDDP and 750 mM LIPO had a 45% and 58% viability, respectively; and HEI-OC1 cells treated with 20 mM CDDP and 750 mM LIPO had a 65% and 82% viability, respectively. CONCLUSION LIPO showed less toxic effects in the HEI-OC1 cells compared to CDDP at anti-tumoral doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Efe Serinan
- Department of Basic Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University Institute of Oncology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Altun
- Department of Basic Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University Institute of Oncology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Safiye Aktaş
- Department of Basic Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University Institute of Oncology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Emre Çeçen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Harran University School of Medicine, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Nur Olgun
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University Institute of Oncology, İzmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing impairment is the most common sensory disorder and a major health and socio-economic issue in industrialized countries. It is primarily due to the degeneration of mechanosensory hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea via complex pathophysiological mechanisms. These occur following acute and/or chronic exposure to harmful extrinsic (e.g., ototoxic drugs, noise...) and intrinsic (e.g., aging, genetic) causative factors. No clinical therapies currently exist to rescue the dying sensorineural cells or regenerate these cells once lost. Recent studies have, however, provided renewed hope, with insights into the therapeutic targets allowing the prevention and treatment of ototoxic drug- and noise-induced, age-related hearing loss as well as cochlear cell degeneration. Moreover, genetic routes involving the replacement or corrective editing of mutant sequences or defected genes are showing promise, as are cell-replacement therapies to repair damaged cells for the future restoration of hearing in deaf people. This review begins by recapitulating our current understanding of the molecular pathways that underlie cochlear sensorineural damage, as well as the survival signaling pathways that can provide endogenous protection and tissue rescue. It then guides the reader through to the recent discoveries in pharmacological, gene and cell therapy research towards hearing protection and restoration as well as their potential clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- INSERM UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Puel
- INSERM UMR 1051, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Videhult Pierre P, Haglöf J, Linder B, Engskog MKR, Arvidsson T, Pettersson C, Fransson A, Laurell G. Cisplatin-induced metabolome changes in serum: an experimental approach to identify markers for ototoxicity. Acta Otolaryngol 2017; 137:1024-1030. [PMID: 28537102 DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2017.1325006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ototoxicity from treatment with the anticancer drug cisplatin remains a clinical problem. A wide range of intracellular targets of cisplatin has been found in vivo. AIM To investigate cisplatin-induced change of the serum metabolite profile and its association with ototoxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Guinea pigs (n = 14) were treated with cisplatin (8 mg/kg b.w., i.v.) 30 min after administration of the otoprotector candidate sodium thiosulfate (group STS; n = 7) or sodium chloride (group NaCl; n = 7). Ototoxicity was evaluated by ABR (3-30 kHz) before and 4 d after drug treatment, and by assessment of hair cell loss. A blood sample was drawn before and 4 d after drug treatment and the polar metabolome in serum was analyzed using LC-MS. RESULTS Cisplatin-treatment caused significant threshold elevations and outer hair cell (OHC) loss in both groups. The ototoxicity was generally lower in group STS, but a significant difference was reached only at 30 kHz (p = .007). Cisplatin treatment altered the metabolite profile significantly and similarly in both groups. A significant inverse correlation was found between L-acetylcarnitine, N-acetylneuraminic acid, ceramide, and cysteinylserine and high frequency hearing loss in group NaCl. The implication of these correlations should be explored in targeted studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pernilla Videhult Pierre
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, ENT Clinic, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Division of Audiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jakob Haglöf
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Birgitta Linder
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, ENT Clinic, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikael K. R. Engskog
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Arvidsson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Medical Product Agency, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Curt Pettersson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anette Fransson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, ENT Clinic, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Laurell
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala University Hospital, ENT Clinic, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dundar HA, Kiray M, Kir M, Kolatan E, Bagriyanik A, Altun Z, Aktas S, Ellidokuz H, Yilmaz O, Mutafoglu K, Olgun N. Protective Effect of Acetyl-L-Carnitine Against Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats. Arch Med Res 2017; 47:506-514. [PMID: 28262191 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Anthracyclines are one of the most preferred agents in practical pediatric oncology despite their dose-dependent cardiotoxic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) has protective effects on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into four groups; control, DOX, ALCAR and ALCAR+DOX. Rats in the first group were given saline on study days, whereas those in the second group were given a single dose of DOX on the 5th day and saline on the other days. Rats in the third group were given ALCAR and those in the fourth group were given ALCAR on study days but also given only a single dose of DOX on the fifth day of the study. Ejection fractions (EF) were measured by echocardiography before and after drug administration. Heart tissues were evaluated by light and electron microscopy. Apoptotic cells were determined with TUNEL and caspase-3 staining. RESULTS DOX significantly decreased the EF values, whereas ALCAR did not. Cardiac functions were higher in the ALCAR+DOX group when compared to the DOX group. DOX administration caused a cardiac injury not only functionally, but also structurally, whereas ALCAR prevented it. CONCLUSIONS ALCAR has a capacity of preventing DOX-induced cardiac injury at both functional and structural levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muge Kiray
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kir
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Efsun Kolatan
- Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alper Bagriyanik
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Altun
- Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Safiye Aktas
- Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hulya Ellidokuz
- Division of Basic Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Osman Yilmaz
- Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kamer Mutafoglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nur Olgun
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Naples JG, Parham K. Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity and the Effects of Intratympanic Diltiazem in a Mouse Model. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015; 154:144-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0194599815606704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate whether the calcium-channel blocker diltiazem has protective effects against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in a mouse model. Study Design Original basic science in vivo investigation. Setting Academic setting: Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery laboratory at University of Connecticut Health Center. Subjects Thirty-nine female CBA/J mice. Methods Pure tone– or click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were recorded in CBA/J mice to determine auditory thresholds. All mice had baseline ABRs recorded. They were then given a single cisplatin bolus (14 mg/kg), followed by 5 consecutive days of intratympanic diltiazem or saline control. Follow-up thresholds were recorded on days 7, 14, and 21 postcisplatin. Tone-evoked ABRs evaluated the otoprotective effect of 2-mg/kg diltiazem in 9 mice, and dose effect was examined in response to click-evoked ABR with 2- or 4-mg/kg diltiazem in 2 groups of 15 mice. Results Saline-treated ears had significantly elevated tone-evoked auditory thresholds when compared with diltiazem-treated ears ( P = .038) on day 7 postcisplatin only. Click-evoked ABR thresholds were significantly elevated in saline-treated ears versus diltiazem-treated ears for the 2-mg/kg group ( P = .001) and 4-mg/kg group ( P = .011) on days 7, 14, and 21 postcisplatin. Conclusion Intratympanic diltiazem has significant protective effects against cisplatin ototoxicity at 2 and 4 mg/kg. This is the first in vivo study to demonstrate that diltiazem offers a potentially novel therapy for cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James G. Naples
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kourosh Parham
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kirkim G, Olgun Y, Aktas S, Kiray M, Kolatan E, Altun Z, Erçetin P, Bagriyanik A, Yilmaz O, Ellidokuz H. Is there a gender-related susceptibility for cisplatin ototoxicity? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2014; 272:2755-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-3283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
12
|
El-Ashmawy NE, Khalil RM. A review on the role of L-carnitine in the management of tamoxifen side effects in treated women with breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:2845-55. [PMID: 24338689 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
L-carnitine is an antioxidant and is found to be a protective agent against many diseases including cancer. This review illustrates the possible role of L-carnitine as an add-on therapy to breast cancer patients maintained on tamoxifen. The objectives of carnitine treatment are diverse: improving tamoxifen-related side effects, offering better cancer prognosis by reducing the risk of developing cancer recurrence or metastasis, and modulating the growth factors which may be, in part, a prospective illustration to overcome tamoxifen resistance. So, it could be recommended to supplement L-carnitine to breast cancer patients starting tamoxifen treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E El-Ashmawy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Altun Z, Olgun Y, Ercetin P, Aktas S, Kirkim G, Serbetcioglu B, Olgun N, Guneri EA. Protective effect of acetyl-l-carnitine against cisplatin ototoxicity: role of apoptosis-related genes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Cell Prolif 2013; 47:72-80. [PMID: 24286513 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cisplatin is an anti-neoplastic agent treatment with which causes many side effects including ototoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether acetyl-L-carnitine would have protective effects on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in vitro, and if present, to reveal roles of apoptotic gene expressions and pro-inflammatory cytokines. MATERIALS AND METHODS House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 cell line was used for this study. Apoptotic genes were evaluated with an apoptosis PCR array and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were measured using ELISA. RESULTS Apoptotic cell death reduced by around 22% with acetyl-L-carnitine-cisplatin treatment compared to cisplatin alone. Genes displaying increase in expression of apoptosis, related to cisplatin treatment, were Casp8, Bcl10, Bcl2, Bcl2l1, Bcl2l2, Bid, Naip1, Bnip3l, Card6, Pak7, Cd40, Trp 53inp1, Cideb and Cd70. The acetyl-L-carnitine-cisplatin combination caused reduced expression of genes Casp8, Fas, Casp1, Tnfrsf11b, Tnfrsf10b induced by cisplatin. Acetyl-L-carnitine-cisplatin also caused reduced levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, pro-inflammatory cytokines, induced by cisplatin. CONCLUSION Protective mechanisms of aceytl-L-carnitine against cisplatin induced apoptosis, mainly due to activation of anti-apoptotic Bcl family members' genes, and in an Akt-related gene expression dependent manner. This is the first study to indicate that acetyl-L-carnitine can be an effective agent against cisplatin ototoxicity in auditory cells, with induction of anti-apoptotic gene expression and attenuating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Altun
- Department of Basic Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, 35340, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Moore RJ, Groninger H. Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Pediatric Cancer Patients. Cureus 2013; 5:e124. [PMID: 25144779 PMCID: PMC4094363 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies (CIPNs) are an increasingly common neuropathic and pain syndrome in adult and pediatric cancer patients and survivors [1-69]. However, symptoms associated with CIPNs are often undiagnosed, under-assessed, and communications problems between clinicians, family members, and patients have been observed [70-73]. Less is known about the prevalence and impact of CIPNs on pediatric cancer populations [70-71]. This article aims to provide a brief understanding of CIPNs in pediatric populations, and to review the evidence for both its prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda J Moore
- FDA, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hunter Groninger
- FDA, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Coşkun N, Hatipoğlu MT, Ozoğul C, Korkmaz C, Akyol SN, Mıcılı SC, Arık GS, Erdoğan D. The protective effects of acetyl L-carnitine on testis gonadotoxicity induced by Cisplatin in rats. Balkan Med J 2013; 30:235-41. [PMID: 25207106 DOI: 10.5152/balkanmedj.2013.7340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin, an effective antineoplastic agent, damages normal cells in a manner related to chemotherapy. Acetyl L-carnitine protects cells against mitochondrial and nuclear damage induced by chemotherapy. AIMS Animal experiment. STUDY DESIGN The aim of this study was to examine the protective effects of acetyl L-carnitine on cisplatin-induced gonadotoxicity in testicular structures. Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were divided into four Groups (n=6): Group 1 (control) was administered saline; Group 2 was administered acetyl L-carnitine; Group 3 was administered cisplatin; and Group 4 was pre-treated with acetyl L-carnitine before cisplatin administration. METHODS After 72hr of treatment with cisplatin, the rats were sacrificed, and the testicular tissues were removed. Morphometric, histomorphologic and immunohistochemical analyses were conducted. RESULTS At the end of the experiment, Group 3 was characterised by statistically significant weight loss, a degenerative appearance of the seminiferous tubules in the peripheral region, separation of spermatogenic cell series from the tubular wall, cellular debris in the lumen and central interstitial oedema. Sperm morphology appeared to be abnormal. Tubular diameter and wall thickness decreased, and the number of TUNEL- and active caspase-positive cells increased compared with the other Groups. The histological findings in Group 4 were better than those in Group 3. CONCLUSION It was concluded that the prophylactic use of acetyl L-carnitine protects against cisplatin-induced testicular tissue damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Coşkun
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Tahir Hatipoğlu
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Candan Ozoğul
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cem Korkmaz
- IVF Laboratories, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda Nur Akyol
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serap Cilaker Mıcılı
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gülistan Sanem Arık
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Erdoğan
- Department of Histology and Embriyology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Grondin Y, Cotanche DA, Manneberg O, Molina R, Treviño-Villarreal JH, Sepulveda R, Clifford R, Bortoni ME, Forsberg S, Labrecque B, Altshul L, Brain JD, Jackson RL, Rogers RA. Pulmonary delivery of d-methionine is associated with an increase in ALCAR and glutathione in cochlear fluids. Hear Res 2013; 298:93-103. [PMID: 23296212 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In animals, hearing loss resulting from cochlear mechanosensory cell damage can be mitigated by antioxidants such as d-methionine (d-met) and acetyl-l-carnitine (ALCAR). The systemic routes of administration of these compounds, that must of necessity transit trough the cochlear fluids, may affect the antioxidant levels in the cochlea and the resulting oto-protective effect. In this study, we analyzed the pharmacokinetics of [(14)C]d-met in the cochlea and four other tissues after intratracheal (IT), intranasal (IN), and oral by gavage (OG) administration and compared it to intravenous administration (IV). We then analyzed the effect of these four routes on the antioxidant content of the cochlear fluids after d-met or ALCAR administration, by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Our results showed that the concentration of methionine and ALCAR in cochlear fluids significantly increased after their respective systemic administration. Interestingly, d-met administration also contributed to an increase of ALCAR. Our results also showed that the delivery routes differently affected the bioavailability of administered [(14)C]d-met as well as the concentrations of methionine, ALCAR and the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione. Overall, pulmonary delivery via IT administration achieved high concentrations of methionine, ALCAR, and oxidative-related metabolites in cochlear fluids, in some cases surpassing IV administration, while IN route appeared to be the least efficacious. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the direct measurements of antioxidant levels in cochlear fluids after their systemic administration. This report also demonstrates the validity of the pulmonary administration of antioxidants and highlights the different contributions of d-met and ALCAR allowing to further investigate their impact on oxidative stress in the cochlear microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yohann Grondin
- Molecular and Integrative Physiologic Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Roesmann A, Afify M, Panse J, Eisert A, Steitz J, Tolba RH. L-Carnitine Ameliorates L-Asparaginase-Induced Acute Liver Toxicity in Steatotic Rat Livers. Chemotherapy 2013; 59:167-75. [DOI: 10.1159/000353402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
18
|
Gulec M, Oral E, Dursun OB, Yucel A, Hacimuftuoglu A, Akcay F, Suleyman H. Mirtazapine protects against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in the rat brain. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2013; 67:50-8. [PMID: 23279761 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2012.02395.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cisplatin chemotherapy is associated with neurotoxicity, and oxidative stress might play an important role in the pathogenesis. Mirtazapine may be a preventative agent via its less-known antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to examine the potential chemoprotective effects of mirtazapine against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage. METHODS Twenty-four rats were divided equally into four groups: control; cisplatin (10 mg/kg i.p.); cisplatin plus mirtazapine (10-30 mg/kg, respectively i.p and p.o.); and mirtazapine (30 mg/kg p.o.). The rats were killed at the end of the 14th day of treatment. Brain tissue was examined with regard to antioxidant/oxidant biochemical parameters. RESULTS Although glutathione (tGSH) and nitric oxide (NO) end product mean scores were found to be statistically higher in the control group when compared with the cisplatin group (72.44% and 61.99% percentage change [PC], respectively), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-GUA) mean scores were statistically lower in the control group in comparison with the cisplatin group (-55.48%, -67.99%, and -48.81% PC, respectively; P < 0.01). Finally, tGSH and NO end product levels were restored to normal (85.90% and 55.30% PC, respectively), and MDA, MPO, and 8-OH-GUA were significantly reduced by treatment with mirtazapine (-60.50%, -78.59%, and -38.10% PC, respectively; P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Mirtazapine has chemoprotective effects against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in the rat brain, which may be attributed to its antioxidant capabilities. It would be useful to investigate whether cisplatin at the desired doses can be given concurrently with mirtazapine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Gulec
- Department of Psychiatry, Ataturk University Medical Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pichler R, Leonhartsberger N, Stöhr B, Horninger W, Steiner H. Two Cycles of Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy for Low-Volume Stage II Seminoma: Results of a Retrospective, Single-Center Case Series. Chemotherapy 2012; 58:405-10. [DOI: 10.1159/000345701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|