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Mutgan AC, Jandl K, Radic N, Valzano F, Kolb D, Hoffmann J, Foris V, Wilhelm J, Boehm PM, Hoetzenecker K, Olschewski A, Olschewski H, Heinemann A, Wygrecka M, Marsh LM, Kwapiszewska G. Pentastatin, a matrikine of the collagen IVα5, is a novel endogenous mediator of pulmonary endothelial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1294-C1312. [PMID: 37694286 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00391.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of basement membrane components, such as collagen IVα5, is associated with altered endothelial cell function in pulmonary hypertension. Collagen IVα5 harbors a functionally active fragment within its C-terminal noncollageneous (NC1) domain, called pentastatin, whose role in pulmonary endothelial cell behavior remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that pentastatin serves as a mediator of pulmonary endothelial cell dysfunction, contributing to pulmonary hypertension. In vitro, treatment with pentastatin induced transcription of immediate early genes and proinflammatory cytokines and led to a functional loss of endothelial barrier integrity in pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Mechanistically, pentastatin leads to β1-integrin subunit clustering and Rho/ROCK activation. Blockage of the β1-integrin subunit or the Rho/ROCK pathway partially attenuated the pentastatin-induced endothelial barrier disruption. Although pentastatin reduced the viability of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cell proliferation was induced. These effects on the pulmonary vascular cells were recapitulated ex vivo in the isolated-perfused lung model, where treatment with pentastatin-induced swelling of the endothelium accompanied by occasional endothelial cell apoptosis. This was reflected by increased vascular permeability and elevated pulmonary arterial pressure induced by pentastatin. This study identifies pentastatin as a mediator of endothelial cell dysfunction, which thus might contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular disorders such as pulmonary hypertension.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to show that pentastatin, the matrikine of the basement membrane (BM) collagen IVα5 polypeptide, triggers rapid pulmonary arterial endothelial cell barrier disruption, activation, and apoptosis in vitro and ex vivo. Mechanistically, pentastatin partially acts through binding to the β1-integrin subunit and the Rho/ROCK pathway. These findings are the first to link pentastatin to pulmonary endothelial dysfunction and, thus, suggest a major role for BM-matrikines in pulmonary vascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Ceren Mutgan
- Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Jandl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nemanja Radic
- Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Francesco Valzano
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Core Facility Ultrastructure Analysis, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Hoffmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Vasile Foris
- Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- Institute for Lung Health, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Panja M Boehm
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad Hoetzenecker
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Horst Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Malgorzata Wygrecka
- Institute for Lung Health, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany
- Center for Infection and Genomics of the Lung, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Leigh M Marsh
- Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Division of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, Austria
- Institute for Lung Health, Member of the German Lung Center (DZL), Giessen, Germany
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2
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Norris EG, Pan XS, Hocking DC. Receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 is a functional αv-integrin agonist. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102922. [PMID: 36669646 PMCID: PMC9846890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the novel mutations distinguishing SARS-CoV-2 from similar coronaviruses is a K403R substitution in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike (S) protein within its S1 region. This amino acid substitution occurs near the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-binding interface and gives rise to a canonical RGD adhesion motif that is often found in native extracellular matrix proteins, including fibronectin. Here, the ability of recombinant S1-RBD to bind to cell surface integrins and trigger downstream signaling pathways was assessed and compared with RGD-containing, integrin-binding fragments of fibronectin. We determined that S1-RBD supported adhesion of fibronectin-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts as well as primary human small airway epithelial cells, while RBD-coated microparticles attached to epithelial monolayers in a cation-dependent manner. Cell adhesion to S1-RBD was RGD dependent and inhibited by blocking antibodies against αv and β3 but not α5 or β1 integrins. Similarly, we observed direct binding of S1-RBD to recombinant human αvβ3 and αvβ6 integrins, but not α5β1 integrins, using surface plasmon resonance. S1-RBD adhesion initiated cell spreading, focal adhesion formation, and actin stress fiber organization to a similar extent as fibronectin. Moreover, S1-RBD stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the adhesion mediators FAK, Src, and paxillin; triggered Akt activation; and supported cell proliferation. Thus, the RGD sequence of S1-RBD can function as an αv-selective integrin agonist. This study provides evidence that cell surface αv-containing integrins can respond functionally to spike protein and raises the possibility that S1-mediated dysregulation of extracellular matrix dynamics may contribute to the pathogenesis and/or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma G Norris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Xuan Sabrina Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Denise C Hocking
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA.
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3
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Chen M, Yi F, Qi Y, Zhao B, Zhang Z, He X, Yuan D, Jin T. Whole-exome sequencing in searching for novel variants associated with the development of high altitude pulmonary edema. Gene 2023; 870:147384. [PMID: 37001572 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a high-altitude idiopathic disease with serious consequences due to hypoxia at high altitude, and there is individual genetic susceptibility. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is an effective tool for studying the genetic etiology of HAPE and can identify potentially novel mutations that may cause protein instability and may contribute to the development of HAPE. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 unrelated HAPE patients were examined using WES, and the available bioinformatics tools were used to perform an analysis of exonic regions. Using the Phenolyzer program, disease candidate gene analysis was carried out. SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Mutation Taster, CADD, DANN, and I-Mutant software were used to assess the effects of genetic variations on protein function. RESULTS The results showed that rs368502694 (p. R1022Q) located in NOS3, rs1595850639 (p. G61S) located in MYBPC3, and rs1367895529 (p. R333H) located in ITGAV were correlated with a high risk of HAPE, and thus could be regarded as potential genetic variations associated with HAPE. CONCLUSION WES was used in this study for the first time to directly screen genetic variations related to HAPE. Notably, our study offers fresh information for the subsequent investigation into the etiology of HAPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Faling Yi
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yijin Qi
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Beibei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhanhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue He
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongya Yuan
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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4
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Pang X, He X, Qiu Z, Zhang H, Xie R, Liu Z, Gu Y, Zhao N, Xiang Q, Cui Y. Targeting integrin pathways: mechanisms and advances in therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:1. [PMID: 36588107 PMCID: PMC9805914 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are considered the main cell-adhesion transmembrane receptors that play multifaceted roles as extracellular matrix (ECM)-cytoskeletal linkers and transducers in biochemical and mechanical signals between cells and their environment in a wide range of states in health and diseases. Integrin functions are dependable on a delicate balance between active and inactive status via multiple mechanisms, including protein-protein interactions, conformational changes, and trafficking. Due to their exposure on the cell surface and sensitivity to the molecular blockade, integrins have been investigated as pharmacological targets for nearly 40 years, but given the complexity of integrins and sometimes opposite characteristics, targeting integrin therapeutics has been a challenge. To date, only seven drugs targeting integrins have been successfully marketed, including abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban, natalizumab, vedolizumab, lifitegrast, and carotegrast. Currently, there are approximately 90 kinds of integrin-based therapeutic drugs or imaging agents in clinical studies, including small molecules, antibodies, synthetic mimic peptides, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, imaging agents, etc. A serious lesson from past integrin drug discovery and research efforts is that successes rely on both a deep understanding of integrin-regulatory mechanisms and unmet clinical needs. Herein, we provide a systematic and complete review of all integrin family members and integrin-mediated downstream signal transduction to highlight ongoing efforts to develop new therapies/diagnoses from bench to clinic. In addition, we further discuss the trend of drug development, how to improve the success rate of clinical trials targeting integrin therapies, and the key points for clinical research, basic research, and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Pang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Xu He
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Qiu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Hanxu Zhang
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xie
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Yanlun Gu
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034 Beijing, China ,grid.411472.50000 0004 1764 1621Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, 100034, Beijing, China. .,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Xueyuan Road 38, Haidian District, 100191, Beijing, China.
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Blanchard N, Link PA, Farkas D, Harmon B, Hudson J, Bogamuwa S, Piper B, Authelet K, Cool CD, Heise RL, Freishtat R, Farkas L. Dichotomous role of integrin-β5 in lung endothelial cells. Pulm Circ 2022; 12:e12156. [PMID: 36438452 PMCID: PMC9684688 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive, devastating disease, and its main histological manifestation is an occlusive pulmonary arteriopathy. One important functional component of PAH is aberrant endothelial cell (EC) function including apoptosis-resistance, unchecked proliferation, and impaired migration. The mechanisms leading to and maintaining physiologic and aberrant EC function are not fully understood. Here, we tested the hypothesis that in PAH, ECs have increased expression of the transmembrane protein integrin-β5, which contributes to migration and survival under physiologic and pathological conditions, but also to endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EnMT). We found that elevated integrin-β5 expression in pulmonary artery lesions and lung tissue from PAH patients and rats with PH induced by chronic hypoxia and injection of CD117+ rat lung EC clones. These EC clones exhibited elevated expression of integrin-β5 and its heterodimerization partner integrin-αν and showed accelerated barrier formation. Inhibition of integrin-ανβ5 in vitro partially blocked transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced EnMT gene expression in rat lung control ECs and less in rat lung EC clones and human lung microvascular ECs. Inhibition of integrin-ανβ5 promoted endothelial dysfunction as shown by reduced migration in a scratch assay and increased apoptosis in synergism with TGF-β1. In vivo, blocking of integrin-ανβ5 exaggerated PH induced by chronic hypoxia and CD117+ EC clones in rats. In summary, we found a role for integrin-ανβ5 in lung endothelial survival and migration, but also a partial contribution to TGF-β1-induced EnMT gene expression. Our results suggest that integrin-ανβ5 is required for physiologic function of ECs and lung vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Blanchard
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Patrick A. Link
- Departments of Physiology and Biomedical EngineeringMayo ClinicRochesterMichiganUSA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Daniela Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Brennan Harmon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency MedicineChildren's National Health SystemWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Jaylen Hudson
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Srimathi Bogamuwa
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Bryce Piper
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Kayla Authelet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency MedicineChildren's National Health SystemWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Carlyne D. Cool
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Colorado at DenverDenverColoradoUSA
| | - Rebecca L. Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - Robert Freishtat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Emergency MedicineChildren's National Health SystemWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research InstituteThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
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Norris EG, Pan XS, Hocking DC. Receptor binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 is a functional αv-integrin agonist. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022:2022.04.11.487882. [PMID: 35441172 PMCID: PMC9016641 DOI: 10.1101/2022.04.11.487882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Among the novel mutations distinguishing SARS-CoV-2 from similar respiratory coronaviruses is a K403R substitution in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral spike (S) protein within its S1 region. This amino acid substitution occurs near the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-binding interface and gives rise to a canonical RGD adhesion motif that is often found in native extracellular matrix proteins, including fibronectin. In the present study, the ability of recombinant S1-RBD to bind to cell surface integrins and trigger downstream signaling pathways was assessed and compared to RGD-containing, integrin-binding fragments of fibronectin. S1-RBD supported adhesion of both fibronectin-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts as well as primary human small airway epithelial cells. Cell adhesion to S1-RBD was cation- and RGD-dependent, and was inhibited by blocking antibodies against α v and β 3 , but not α 5 or β 1 , integrins. Similarly, direct binding of S1-RBD to recombinant human α v β 3 and α v β 6 integrins, but not α 5 β 1 integrins, was observed by surface plasmon resonance. Adhesion to S1-RBD initiated cell spreading, focal adhesion formation, and actin stress fiber organization to a similar extent as fibronectin. Moreover, S1-RBD stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of the adhesion mediators FAK, Src, and paxillin, Akt activation, and supported cell proliferation. Together, these data demonstrate that the RGD sequence within S1-RBD can function as an α v -selective integrin agonist. This study provides evidence that cell surface α v -containing integrins can respond functionally to spike protein and raise the possibility that S1-mediated dysregulation of ECM dynamics may contribute to the pathogenesis and/or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma G. Norris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Xuan Sabrina Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Denise C. Hocking
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
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Chen A, Ding S, Kong L, Xu J, He F, Ru C, Lin X. Safflower injection inhibits pulmonary arterial remodeling in a monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension rat model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 76:27-34. [PMID: 33725750 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a group of diseases with an increase of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance. Here, the effects of safflower injection, a preparation of Chinese herbs, was investigated in a monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH rat model. PAP, carotid artery pressure (CAP), and the right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) increased in the PAH group, while safflower injection was able to inhibit this increase to similar levels as observed in the normal group. The arteriole wall of the lungs and cardiac muscle were thickened and edema was observed in the PAH group, while these pathologies were improved in the herb-treated group in a dose-dependent manner. MCT treatment induced proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), which was inhibited by safflower injection in a dose-dependent manner. Our experimental results demonstrated that safflower injection can regulate pulmonary arterial remodeling through affecting the expression of connective tissue growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, integrin, collagen or fibronectin, which subsequently affected the thicknesses of the arteriole walls of the lungs and cardiac muscle, and thereby benefits the control of PAH. This means safflower injection improved the abnormalities in PAP, CAP and RVHI, and pulmonary arterial remodeling through regulation of remodeling factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aifeng Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou310003, China
| | - Shibiao Ding
- Laboratory Department, Zhejiang Chinese and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou310003, China
| | - Liangliang Kong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, and Department of infectious diseases, affiliated children's hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianpu Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou310003, China
| | - Fei He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou310003, China
| | - Chuhui Ru
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital, Hangzhou310003, China
| | - Xu'ai Lin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, and Department of infectious diseases, affiliated children's hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, China
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8
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Wang M, Zhuang D, Mei M, Ma H, Li Z, He F, Cheng G, Lin G, Zhou W. Frequent mutation of hypoxia-related genes in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Respir Res 2020; 21:53. [PMID: 32054482 PMCID: PMC7020588 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-1314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is characterized by sustained high levels of pulmonary vascular resistance after birth with etiology unclear; Arterial blood oxygen saturation of Tibetan newborns at high latitudes is higher than that of Han newborns at low latitudes, suggesting that genetic adaptation may allow sufficient oxygen to confer Tibetan populations with resistance to pulmonary hypertension; We have previously identified genetic factors related to PPHN through candidate gene sequencing; In this study, we first performed whole exome sequencing in PPHN patients to screen for genetic-related factors. Methods and results In this two-phase genetic study, we first sequenced the whole exome of 20 Tibetan PPHN patients and compared it with the published genome sequences of 50 healthy high-altitude Tibetanshypoxia-related genes, a total of 166 PPHN-related variants were found, of which 49% were from 43 hypoxia-related genes; considering many studies have shown that the differences in the genetic background between Tibet and Han are characterized by hypoxia-related genetic polymorphisms, so it is necessary to further verify whether the association between hypoxia-related variants and PPHN is independent of high-altitude life. During the validation phase, 237 hypoxia-related genes were sequenced in another 80 Han PPHN patients living in low altitude areas, including genes at the discovery stage and known hypoxia tolerance, of which 413 variants from 127 of these genes were shown to be significantly associated with PPHN.hypoxia-related genes. Conclusions Our results indicates that the association of hypoxia-related genes with PPHN does not depend on high-altitude life, at the same time, 21 rare mutations associated with PPHN were also found, including three rare variants of the tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family member 3 gene (TTLL3:p.E317K, TTLL3:p.P777S) and the integrin subunit alpha M gene (ITGAM:p.E1071D). These novel findings provide important information on the genetic basis of PPHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingbang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, National Health Commision (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Division of Neonatology, National Center for Children's Health, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China.
| | - Deyi Zhuang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Neonatal Medical Center, Xiamen Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, 361006, Fujian, China
| | - Mei Mei
- Division of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Zhuhai Maternal and Children's Hospital, Zhuhai, 519001, Guangdong, China
| | - Zixiu Li
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | | | - Guoqiang Cheng
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200436, China
| | - Guang Lin
- Zhuhai Maternal and Children's Hospital, Zhuhai, 519001, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, National Health Commision (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Division of Neonatology, National Center for Children's Health, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102, China.
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9
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Wu M, Wu Y, Huang J, Wu Y, Wu H, Jiang B, Zhuang J. Protein expression profile changes of lung tissue in patients with pulmonary hypertension. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8153. [PMID: 32030316 PMCID: PMC6996500 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension occurs in approximately 1% of the global population, and the prognosis for such patients may be poor. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of this disease remain unclear. Thus, understanding the development of pulmonary hypertension and finding new therapeutic targets and approaches are important for improved clinical outcomes. Methods Lung tissue specimens were collected from six patients with atrial septal defect and pulmonary hypertension (all women, with a mean age of 46.5 ± 4.7 years, and their condition could not be corrected with an internal medical occlusion device) and from nine control patients with lung cancer who underwent lobectomy (six men and three women, with a mean age of 56.7 ± 1.7 years). Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analyses were used to detect protein expression levels. Results We found 74 significantly upregulated and 88 significantly downregulated differentially expressed proteins between control and pulmonary hypertensive lung tissue specimens. Gene ontology analyses identified the top 20 terms in all three categories, that is, biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and protein–protein interaction analyses determined the top 10 signaling pathways and found that the six hub proteins associated with the differentially expressed upregulated proteins (PRKAA1, DHPR, ACTB, desmin, ACTG1, and ITGA1) were all involved in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Conclusion Our results identified protein expression profile changes in lung tissue derived from patients with pulmonary hypertension, providing potential new biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis for patients with pulmonary hypertension and offering candidate protein targets for future therapeutic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yijin Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yueheng Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Benyuan Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
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10
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Zucker MM, Wujak L, Gungl A, Didiasova M, Kosanovic D, Petrovic A, Klepetko W, Schermuly RT, Kwapiszewska G, Schaefer L, Wygrecka M. LRP1 promotes synthetic phenotype of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in pulmonary hypertension. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1604-1616. [PMID: 30910704 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by a thickening of the distal pulmonary arteries caused by medial hypertrophy, intimal proliferation and vascular fibrosis. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) maintains vascular homeostasis by mediating endocytosis of numerous ligands and by initiating and regulating signaling pathways. Here, we demonstrate the increased levels of LRP1 protein in the lungs of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients, hypoxia-exposed mice, and monocrotaline-treated rats. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB upregulated LRP1 expression in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC). This effect was reversed by the PDGF-BB neutralizing antibody or the PDGF receptor antagonist. Depletion of LRP1 decreased proliferation of donor and IPAH PASMC in a β1-integrin-dependent manner. Furthermore, LRP1 silencing attenuated the expression of fibronectin and collagen I and increased the levels of α-smooth muscle actin and myocardin in donor, but not in IPAH, PASMC. In addition, smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific LRP1 knockout augmented α-SMA expression in pulmonary vessels and reduced SMC proliferation in 3D ex vivo murine lung tissue cultures. In conclusion, our results indicate that LRP1 promotes the dedifferentiation of PASMC from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype thus suggesting its contribution to vascular remodeling in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius M Zucker
- Department of Biochemistry, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lukasz Wujak
- Department of Biochemistry, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anna Gungl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Miroslava Didiasova
- Department of Biochemistry, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Djuro Kosanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandar Petrovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Walter Klepetko
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany
| | - Grazyna Kwapiszewska
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Goethe University, School of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Wygrecka
- Department of Biochemistry, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Giessen, Germany.
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11
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Meng L, Liu X, Teng X, Gu H, Yuan W, Meng J, Li J, Zheng Z, Wei Y, Hu S. Osteopontin plays important roles in pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. FASEB J 2019; 33:7236-7251. [PMID: 30893567 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802121rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies indicated that osteopontin (OPN) was involved in the genesis and progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, its role in congenital heart disease-associated PAH (CHD/PAH) remains unknown. Our results showed that OPN was increased in lungs and plasma of patients with Eisenmenger syndrome; moreover, OPN and αVβ3-integrin expression levels were augmented in rat lungs exposed to systemic-to-pulmonary shunt. Cell culture assay demonstrated that distal pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from rat lungs suffering from volume and pressure overload exhibited enhanced proliferation compared with those from healthy rats. Mechanical stretch (20% at 1 Hz) increased OPN expression and activated ERK1/2 and protein kinase B (Akt) signal pathway in distal PASMCs from healthy rats. Interestingly, OPN enhanced the proliferation and migration of PASMCs while blocking αVβ3-integrin with neutralizing antibody LM609 or Arg-Gly-Asp peptidomimetic antagonist cyclo(Ala-Arg-Gly-Asp-3-aminomethylbenzoyl) (XJ735), rectified the proliferative and migratory effects of OPN, which were partially mediated via ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways. Furthermore, surgical correction of systemic-to-pulmonary shunt, particularly XJ735 supplementation after surgical correction of systemic-to-pulmonary shunt, significantly alleviated the pulmonary hypertensive status in terms of pulmonary hemodynamic indices, pulmonary vasculopathy, and right ventricular hypertrophy. In summary, OPN alteration in lungs exposed to systemic-to-pulmonary shunt exerts a deteriorative role in pulmonary vascular remodeling through modulating the proliferation and migration of PASMCs, at least in part, via ανβ3-ERK1/2 and ανβ3-Akt signaling pathways. Antagonizing OPN receptor ανβ3-integrin accelerated the regression of pulmonary vasculopathy after surgical correction of systemic-to-pulmonary shunt, indicating a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with CHD/PAH.-Meng, L., Liu, X., Teng, X., Gu, H., Yuan, W., Meng, J., Li, J., Zheng, Z., Wei, Y., Hu, S. Osteopontin plays important roles in pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by systemic-to-pulmonary shunt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liukun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and
| | - Xiao Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyong Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Yuan
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease-Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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12
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Thenappan T, Chan SY, Weir EK. Role of extracellular matrix in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H1322-H1331. [PMID: 30141981 PMCID: PMC6297810 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00136.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the pulmonary arteries with increased collagen deposition, cross-linkage of collagen, and breakdown of elastic laminae. Extracellular matrix remodeling occurs due to an imbalance in the proteolytic enzymes, such as matrix metalloproteinases, elastases, and lysyl oxidases, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, which, in turn, results from endothelial cell dysfunction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and inflammation. ECM remodeling and pulmonary vascular stiffness occur early in the disease process, before the onset of the increase in the intimal and medial thickness and pulmonary artery pressure, suggesting that the ECM is a cause rather than a consequence of distal pulmonary vascular remodeling. ECM remodeling and increased pulmonary arterial stiffness promote proliferation of pulmonary vascular cells (endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and adventitial fibroblasts) through mechanoactivation of various signaling pathways, including transcriptional cofactors YAP/TAZ, transforming growth factor-β, transient receptor potential channels, Toll-like receptor, and NF-κB. Inhibition of ECM remodeling and mechanotransduction prevents and reverses experimental pulmonary hypertension. These data support a central role for ECM remodeling in the pathogenesis of the PAH, making it an attractive novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thenappan Thenappan
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania
| | - E Kenneth Weir
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
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13
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Dieffenbach PB, Maracle M, Tschumperlin DJ, Fredenburgh LE. Mechanobiological Feedback in Pulmonary Vascular Disease. Front Physiol 2018; 9:951. [PMID: 30090065 PMCID: PMC6068271 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular stiffening in the pulmonary arterial bed is increasingly recognized as an early disease marker and contributor to right ventricular workload in pulmonary hypertension. Changes in pulmonary artery stiffness throughout the pulmonary vascular tree lead to physiologic alterations in pressure and flow characteristics that may contribute to disease progression. These findings have led to a greater focus on the potential contributions of extracellular matrix remodeling and mechanical signaling to pulmonary hypertension pathogenesis. Several recent studies have demonstrated that the cellular response to vascular stiffness includes upregulation of signaling pathways that precipitate further vascular remodeling, a process known as mechanobiological feedback. The extracellular matrix modifiers, mechanosensors, and mechanotransducers responsible for this process have become increasingly well-recognized. In this review, we discuss the impact of vascular stiffening on pulmonary hypertension morbidity and mortality, evidence in favor of mechanobiological feedback in pulmonary hypertension pathogenesis, and the major contributors to mechanical signaling in the pulmonary vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Dieffenbach
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marcy Maracle
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Laura E Fredenburgh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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14
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Jiang Y, Zhou Y, Peng G, Tian H, Pan D, Liu L, Yang X, Li C, Li W, Chen L, Ran P, Dai A. Two-pore channels mediated receptor-operated Ca 2+ entry in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in response to hypoxia. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 97:28-35. [PMID: 29355755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two-pore channels mediated receptor-operated Ca2+ entry on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) under hypoxia conditions. PASMCs were separated using the direct adherent culture method. The cultured cells were observed under optic microscope and the phenotypes of cells were identified by immunohistochemistry. The expression of NAADP was examined by ELISA. CaN, TPC1, TPC2 and NFATc3 protein levels were examined using Western blotting. Real-time PCR was utilized to detect the level of TPC1 and TPC2 mRNA. Fluorescent probe technique was used to explore the [Ca2+]i in PASMCs. Proliferation and migration of PASMCs were examined by MTT assay and Transwell, respectively. The results showed that cells displayed a typical "peak-valley" growth pattern and positive for α-actin staining. Expression of NAADP, CaN, NFATc3, TPC1 and TPC2 under PASMCs exposed to hypoxia after 24 h and 48 h were higher than control, however, cells treated with Ned-19 were significantly decreased compared with control. Levels of CaN and NFATc3 protein collected from RPASMCs transfected with TPCs siRNA were observably decreased than scrambled siRNA. Under hypoxia condition for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, TPC1 and TPC2 mRNA levels were higher in PASMCs compared as control. The [Ca2+]i evoked by hypoxia significantly increased than normoxia group. Nevertheless, the [Ca2+]i of the groups treated with Ned-19 and transfected with TPCs siRNA were markedly lower compared with control. In conclusion, the TPCs influence on function of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells by mediated Ca2+ Signals under hypoxia condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Jiang
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Yumin Zhou
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Gongyong Peng
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Heshen Tian
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Dan Pan
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Xing Yang
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Wen Li
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Ling Chen
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China
| | - Pixin Ran
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410219, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Changsha Medical College, Changsha 410219, PR China.
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15
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Chen HY, Pan L, Yang HL, Xia P, Yu WC, Tang WQ, Zhang YX, Chen SF, Xue YZ, Wang LX. Integrin alpha5beta1 suppresses rBMSCs anoikis and promotes nitric oxide production. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:1-8. [PMID: 29324307 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell based therapy has been heralded as a novel, promising therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the low survival rate after transplantation due to cell death via anoikis is a major obstacle in stem cell therapy. Cells adhesion via Integrin alpha5beta1 (ITGA5B1) has a tendency to exert higher maximum forces. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effect of ITGA5B1 on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) from anoikis. METHODS Mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation with Ficoll, and rBMSCs cell surface markers were evaluated by flow cytometry. Osteogenic and adipocyte differentiation was determined by Alizarin Red S and Oil Red O staining respectively. The expression of Integrin A5 (ITGA5), Integrin B1 (ITGB1), eNOS and actived-caspase-3 mRNA or protein was confirmed by qPCR and western-blot. Cell adhesion, cell viability, anoikis and the migration of rBMSCs were also evaluated. Nitric oxide (NO) production was detected by the greiss assay. RESULTS Co-infected with Integrin A5 and B1 lentivirus to rBMSCs increased ITGA5 and ITGB1 mRNA and protein expression. ITGA5B1 enhanced the cell adhesion, cell viability, cell migration and NO production but reduced the cell anoikis in rBMSCs/ITGA5B1 groups. CONCLUSION Transduction of rat rBMSCs with ITGA5B1 lentivirus could prevent cell anoikis and increase NO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Chen
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Li Pan
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Hong-Li Yang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Wan-Cheng Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong Universtity, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Tang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Ying-Xin Zhang
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Shuang-Feng Chen
- Central laboratory, and key laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Medical Biology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China
| | - Yu-Zeng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China.
| | - Le-Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and Clinical School of Taishan Medical University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2650, Australia.
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16
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Jia D, Zhu Q, Liu H, Zuo C, He Y, Chen G, Lu A. Osteoprotegerin Disruption Attenuates HySu-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension Through Integrin αvβ3/FAK/AKT Pathway Suppression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 10:CIRCGENETICS.116.001591. [PMID: 28077433 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial remodeling characterized by increased vascular smooth muscle proliferation is commonly seen in life-threatening disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Clinical studies have suggested a correlation between osteoprotegerin serum levels and PAH severity. Here, we aimed to invhestigate vascular osteoprotegerin expression and its effects on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, as well as examine the signal transduction pathways mediating its activity. METHODS AND RESULTS Serum osteoprotegerin levels were significantly elevated in patients with PAH and correlated with disease severity as determined by the World Health Organization (WHO) functional classifications and 6-minute walking distance tests. Similarly, increased osteoprotegerin expression was observed in the pulmonary arteries of hypoxia plus SU5416- and monocrotaline-induced PAH animal models. Moreover, osteoprotegerin disruption attenuated hypoxia plus SU5416-induced PAH progression by reducing pulmonary vascular remodeling, whereas lentiviral osteoprotegerin reconstitution exacerbated PAH by increasing pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Furthermore, pathway analysis revealed that osteoprotegerin induced pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation by interacting with integrin αvβ3 to elicit downstream focal adhesion kinase and AKT pathway activation. CONCLUSIONS Osteoprotegerin facilitates PAH pathogenesis by regulating pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation, suggesting that it may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daile Jia
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Liu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Caojian Zuo
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhu He
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guilin Chen
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ankang Lu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Effects of FHL1 and P21 on hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling in neonatal rats. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4245-4253. [PMID: 29067108 PMCID: PMC5647724 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that altered expression levels of four and a half LIM domains 1 (FHL1) and P21 are necessary for hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling in both adult rats and human patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, whether FHL1 and P21 are present in the pulmonary artery and whether these proteins affect pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH) in neonatal rats remain unknown. The present study investigated the effects of altered FHL1 and P21 expression on pulmonary vascular remodeling in neonatal rats with HPH. A total of 32 newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to hypoxia or room air for 7 or 14 days (n=8/subgroup). Parameters including the percentage of medial wall thickness (WT%), the percentage of medial wall area (WA%), right ventricular (RV) mean pressure, RV hypertrophy index (RVHI) and RV systolic pressure (RVSP) were measured to evaluate the development of HPH. Additionally, the expressions of FHL1 and P21 in the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining. WA%, WT%, RV mean pressure, RVHI and RVSP were significantly increased in the HPH model group when compared with the control group (P<0.01). The protein expression levels of FHL1 were significantly increased in the HPH group (P<0.05), while the mRNA and protein expression levels of P21 were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the protein expressions of FHL1 and P21 were correlated with WA% and WT% (all P<0.001), and that the protein expression of P21 was negatively correlated with that of FHL1 (P<0.01). The results indicated that the expressions of FHL1 and P21 were altered in the PASMCs of newborn rats with HPH. Furthermore, FHL1 and P21 may serve important roles in pulmonary vascular remodeling.
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18
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Abstract
Smooth muscle contraction requires both myosin activation and actin cytoskeletal remodeling. Actin cytoskeletal reorganization facilitates smooth muscle contraction by promoting force transmission between the contractile unit and the extracellular matrix (ECM), and by enhancing intercellular mechanical transduction. Myosin may be viewed to serve as an "engine" for smooth muscle contraction whereas the actin cytoskeleton may function as a "transmission system" in smooth muscle. The actin cytoskeleton in smooth muscle also undergoes restructuring upon activation with growth factors or the ECM, which controls smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Abnormal smooth muscle contraction, cell proliferation, and motility contribute to the development of vascular and pulmonary diseases. A number of actin-regulatory proteins including protein kinases have been discovered to orchestrate actin dynamics in smooth muscle. In particular, Abelson tyrosine kinase (c-Abl) is an important molecule that controls actin dynamics, contraction, growth, and motility in smooth muscle. Moreover, c-Abl coordinates the regulation of blood pressure and contributes to the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness and vascular/airway remodeling in vivo. Thus, c-Abl may be a novel pharmacological target for the development of new therapy to treat smooth muscle diseases such as hypertension and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale D Tang
- Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States.
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19
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Bloodworth NC, West JD, Merryman WD. Microvessel mechanobiology in pulmonary arterial hypertension: cause and effect. Hypertension 2015; 65:483-9. [PMID: 25534705 PMCID: PMC4326545 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.04652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel C Bloodworth
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.C.B., W.D.M.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (J.D.W.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - James D West
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.C.B., W.D.M.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (J.D.W.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - W David Merryman
- From the Departments of Biomedical Engineering (N.C.B., W.D.M.) and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (J.D.W.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.
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Sen P, Dharmadhikari AV, Majewski T, Mohammad MA, Kalin TV, Zabielska J, Ren X, Bray M, Brown HM, Welty S, Thevananther S, Langston C, Szafranski P, Justice MJ, Kalinichenko VV, Gambin A, Belmont J, Stankiewicz P. Comparative analyses of lung transcriptomes in patients with alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins and in foxf1 heterozygous knockout mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94390. [PMID: 24722050 PMCID: PMC3983164 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alveolar Capillary Dysplasia with Misalignment of Pulmonary Veins (ACDMPV) is a developmental disorder of the lungs, primarily affecting their vasculature. FOXF1 haploinsufficiency due to heterozygous genomic deletions and point mutations have been reported in most patients with ACDMPV. The majority of mice with heterozygous loss-of-function of Foxf1 exhibit neonatal lethality with evidence of pulmonary hemorrhage in some of them. By comparing transcriptomes of human ACDMPV lungs with control lungs using expression arrays, we found that several genes and pathways involved in lung development, angiogenesis, and in pulmonary hypertension development, were deregulated. Similar transcriptional changes were found in lungs of the postnatal day 0.5 Foxf1+/− mice when compared to their wildtype littermate controls; 14 genes, COL15A1, COL18A1, COL6A2, ESM1, FSCN1, GRINA, IGFBP3, IL1B, MALL, NOS3, RASL11B, MATN2, PRKCDBP, and SIRPA, were found common to both ACDMPV and Foxf1 heterozygous lungs. Our results advance knowledge toward understanding of the molecular mechanism of ACDMPV, lung development, and its vasculature pathology. These data may also be useful for understanding etiologies of other lung disorders, e.g. pulmonary hypertension, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Sen
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (P. Sen); (P. Stankiewicz)
| | - Avinash V. Dharmadhikari
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tadeusz Majewski
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mahmoud A. Mohammad
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tanya V. Kalin
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Xiaomeng Ren
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Molly Bray
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Hannah M. Brown
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stephen Welty
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sundararajah Thevananther
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Claire Langston
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Przemyslaw Szafranski
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Monica J. Justice
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vladimir V. Kalinichenko
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Anna Gambin
- Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Mossakowski Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - John Belmont
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Pawel Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (P. Sen); (P. Stankiewicz)
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BAI YANG, WANG HANMING, LIU MING, WANG YUN, LIAN GUOCHAO, ZHANG XINHUA, KANG JIAN, WANG HUAILIANG. 4-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine protects against monocrotaline-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and lung inflammation. Int J Mol Med 2013; 33:373-82. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Jiang YL, Lin AHY, Xia Y, Lee S, Paudel O, Sun H, Yang XR, Ran P, Sham JSK. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) activates global and heterogeneous local Ca2+ signals from NAADP- and ryanodine receptor-gated Ca2+ stores in pulmonary arterial myocytes. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:10381-94. [PMID: 23443655 PMCID: PMC3624421 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.423053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) is the most potent Ca(2+)-mobilizing messenger that releases Ca(2+) from endolysosomal organelles. Recent studies showed that NAADP-induced Ca(2+) release is mediated by the two-pore channels (TPCs) TPC1 and TPC2. However, the expression of TPCs and the NAADP-induced local Ca(2+) signals have not been examined in vascular smooth muscle. Here, we found that both TPC1 and TPC2 are expressed in rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), with TPC1 being the major subtype. Application of membrane-permeant NAADP acetoxymethyl ester to PASMCs elicited a biphasic increase in global [Ca(2+)]i, which was independent of extracellular Ca(2+) and blocked by the NAADP antagonist Ned-19 or the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase inhibitor bafilomycin A1, indicating Ca(2+) release from acidic endolysosomal Ca(2+) stores. The Ca(2+) response was unaffected by xestospongin C but was partially blocked by ryanodine or thapsigargin. NAADP triggered heterogeneous local Ca(2+) signals, including a diffuse increase in cytosolic [Ca(2+)], Ca(2+) sparks, Ca(2+) bursts, and regenerative Ca(2+) release. The diffuse Ca(2+) increase and Ca(2+) bursts were ryanodine-insensitive, presumably arising from different endolysosomal sources. Ca(2+) sparks and regenerative Ca(2+) release were inhibited by ryanodine, consistent with cross-activation of loosely coupled ryanodine receptors. Moreover, Ca(2+) release stimulated by endothelin-1 was inhibited by Ned-19, ryanodine, or xestospongin C, suggesting that NAADP-mediated Ca(2+) signals interact with both ryanodine and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors during agonist stimulation. Our results show that NAADP mediates complex global and local Ca(2+) signals. Depending on the physiological stimuli, these diverse Ca(2+) signals may serve to regulate different cellular functions in PASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Liang Jiang
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 and
- the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - Amanda H. Y. Lin
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 and
| | - Yang Xia
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 and
| | - Suengwon Lee
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 and
| | - Omkar Paudel
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 and
| | - Hui Sun
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 and
| | - Xiao-Ru Yang
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 and
| | - Pixin Ran
- the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 510120 Guangzhou, China
| | - James S. K. Sham
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224 and
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Rydell-Törmänen K, Risse PA, Kanabar V, Bagchi R, Czubryt MP, Johnson JR. Smooth muscle in tissue remodeling and hyper-reactivity: airways and arteries. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2012; 26:13-23. [PMID: 22561160 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2012.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Smooth muscle comprises a key functional component of both the airways and their supporting vasculature. Dysfunction of smooth muscle contributes to and exacerbates a host of breathing-associated pathologies such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary hypertension. These diseases may be marked by airway and/or vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy, proliferation and hyper-reactivity, and related conditions such as fibrosis and extracellular matrix remodeling. This review will focus on the contribution of airway or vascular smooth dysfunction to common airway diseases.
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