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Chen SH, Wu CC, Tseng WL, Lu FI, Liu YH, Lin SP, Lin SC, Hsueh YY. Adipose-derived stem cells modulate neuroinflammation and improve functional recovery in chronic constriction injury of the rat sciatic nerve. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1172740. [PMID: 37457010 PMCID: PMC10339833 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1172740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Compressive neuropathy, a common chronic traumatic injury of peripheral nerves, leads to variable impairment in sensory and motor function. Clinical symptoms persist in a significant portion of patients despite decompression, with muscle atrophy and persistent neuropathic pain affecting 10%-25% of cases. Excessive inflammation and immune cell infiltration in the injured nerve hinder axon regeneration and functional recovery. Although adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have demonstrated neural regeneration and immunomodulatory potential, their specific effects on compressive neuropathy are still unclear. Methods We conducted modified CCI models on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to induce irreversible neuropathic pain and muscle atrophy in the sciatic nerve. Intraneural ASC injection and nerve decompression were performed. Behavioral analysis, muscle examination, electrophysiological evaluation, and immunofluorescent examination of the injured nerve and associated DRG were conducted to explore axon regeneration, neuroinflammation, and the modulation of inflammatory gene expression. Transplanted ASCs were tracked to investigate potential beneficial mechanisms on the local nerve and DRG. Results Persistent neuropathic pain was induced by chronic constriction of the rat sciatic nerve. Local ASC treatment has demonstrated robust beneficial outcomes, including the alleviation of mechanical allodynia, improvement of gait, regeneration of muscle fibers, and electrophysiological recovery. In addition, locally transplanted ASCs facilitated axon remyelination, alleviated neuroinflammation, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration of the injured nerve and associated dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Trafficking of the transplanted ASC preserved viability and phenotype less than 7 days but contributed to robust immunomodulatory regulation of inflammatory gene expression in both the injured nerve and DRG. Discussion Locally transplanted ASC on compressed nerve improve sensory and motor recoveries from irreversible chronic constriction injury of rat sciatic nerve via alleviation of both local and remote neuroinflammation, suggesting the promising role of adjuvant ASC therapies for clinical compressive neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Han Chen
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Center of Cell Therapy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ling Tseng
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-I Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Science, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- The integrative Evolutionary Galliform Genomics (iEGG) and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsin Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Che Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yu Hsueh
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Center of Cell Therapy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Gibler P, Gimble J, Hamel K, Rogers E, Henderson M, Wu X, Olesky S, Frazier T. Human Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cell Culture and Analysis Methods for Adipose Tissue Modeling In Vitro: A Systematic Review. Cells 2021; 10:1378. [PMID: 34204869 PMCID: PMC8227575 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (hASC) are widely used for in vitro modeling of physiologically relevant human adipose tissue. These models are useful for the development of tissue constructs for soft tissue regeneration and 3-dimensional (3D) microphysiological systems (MPS) for drug discovery. In this systematic review, we report on the current state of hASC culture and assessment methods for adipose tissue engineering using 3D MPS. Our search efforts resulted in the identification of 184 independent records, of which 27 were determined to be most relevant to the goals of the present review. Our results demonstrate a lack of consensus on methods for hASC culture and assessment for the production of physiologically relevant in vitro models of human adipose tissue. Few studies have assessed the impact of different 3D culture conditions on hASC adipogenesis. Additionally, there has been a limited use of assays for characterizing the functionality of adipose tissue in vitro. Results from this study suggest the need for more standardized culture methods and further analysis on in vitro tissue functionality. These will be necessary to validate the utility of 3D MPS as an in vitro model to reduce, refine, and replace in vivo experiments in the drug discovery regulatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Gibler
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Jeffrey Gimble
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
- Department of Structural and Cell Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Katie Hamel
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Emma Rogers
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Michael Henderson
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Xiying Wu
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Spencer Olesky
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
| | - Trivia Frazier
- Obatala Sciences Inc., New Orleans, LA 70148, USA; (P.G.); (K.H.); (E.R.); (M.H.); (X.W.); (S.O.); (T.F.)
- Department of Structural and Cell Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Jauković A, Abadjieva D, Trivanović D, Stoyanova E, Kostadinova M, Pashova S, Kestendjieva S, Kukolj T, Jeseta M, Kistanova E, Mourdjeva M. Specificity of 3D MSC Spheroids Microenvironment: Impact on MSC Behavior and Properties. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:853-875. [PMID: 32681232 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been considered the promising candidates for the regenerative and personalized medicine due to their self-renewal potential, multilineage differentiation and immunomodulatory capacity. Although these properties have encouraged profound MSC studies in recent years, the majority of research has been based on standard 2D culture utilization. The opportunity to resemble in vivo characteristics of cells native niche has been provided by implementation of 3D culturing models such as MSC spheroid formation assesed through cells self-assembling. In this review, we address the current literature on physical and biochemical features of 3D MSC spheroid microenvironment and their impact on MSC properties and behaviors. Starting with the reduction in the cells' dimensions and volume due to the changes in adhesion molecules expression and cytoskeletal proteins rearrangement resembling native conditions, through the microenvironment shifts in oxygen, nutrients and metabolites gradients and demands, we focus on distinctive and beneficial features of MSC in spheroids compared to cells cultured in 2D conditions. By summarizing the data for 3D MSC spheroids regarding cell survival, pluripotency, differentiation, immunomodulatory activities and potential to affect tumor cells growth we highlighted advantages and perspectives of MSC spheroids use in regenerative medicine. Further detailed analyses are needed to deepen our understanding of mechanisms responsible for modified MSC behavior in spheroids and to set future directions for MSC clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jauković
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića 4, PO BOX 102, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
| | - Desislava Abadjieva
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Tzarigradsko shoes, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Drenka Trivanović
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića 4, PO BOX 102, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia.,IZKF Group Tissue Regeneration in Musculoskeletal Diseases, University Clinics, Röntgenring 11, D-97070, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Elena Stoyanova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Tzarigradsko shoes, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Kostadinova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Tzarigradsko shoes, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Shina Pashova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Tzarigradsko shoes, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Snejana Kestendjieva
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Tzarigradsko shoes, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tamara Kukolj
- Laboratory for Experimental Hematology and Stem Cells, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića 4, PO BOX 102, Belgrade, 11129, Serbia
| | - Michal Jeseta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Obilní trh 11, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Suchdol, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Kistanova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Tzarigradsko shoes, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Mourdjeva
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 73 Tzarigradsko shoes, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Wu YT, Wu YT, Huang TC, Su FC, Jou IM, Wu CC. Sequential inflammation model for Achilles tendinopathy by elastin degradation with treadmill exercise. J Orthop Translat 2020; 23:113-121. [PMID: 32642426 PMCID: PMC7322491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objective Tendinopathy is a tendon disease with abnormal mechanical loading to induce chronic repetitive injury. However, lack of a comparable animal model to demonstrate clinical progressions has hindered the understanding of anatomical and pathological changes. The major extracellular matrix (ECM) in the tendon consists of abundant type I collagen (COL) and minimal amount of elastin (ELN). Methods To study the ECM breakdown and inflammation, rat Achilles tendon was harvested and ex vivo incubated with specific enzymes of elastase (ELNase) or collagenase (COLase). Results The ELNase broke down ELN, loosened the tendon structure, and increased the COL composition. Increases in cyclooxygenase-2 expression levels in tenocytes were revealed to induce inflammation with either ELNase or COLase. However, incubation of COLase for 12 hours severely digested the tendon. To create a proper ELN degradation in rats, the present study used high-frequency ultrasound to guide the injection of ELNase at the paratendon tissue of the Achilles tendon. The effect of mechanically triggered inflammatory responses was investigated by applying treadmill exercise (15 m/min for 20 min per day). After ELNase injection for 14 and 28 days, a significant loss of ELN was observed, and exercise further facilitated the pathological transition of COL. The dynamics of inflammatory cell recruitments was revealed by specific staining of CD-11b (neutrophils) and CD-68 (macrophage) after in vivo injection of ELNase or COLase for 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. The combination of ELNase and exercise caused early recruitment of neutrophil on day 1 and sequential expression of macrophage on day 7 in peritendinous tissue. Conclusion These results suggested that ELN degradation with repetitive mechanical loading may present a suitable model for the pathogenesis of tendinopathy. The Translational potential of this article This discover the role of elastin degradation in tendinopathy and the interaction of exercise in the histological changes. The established the pathological model mimicking the pathogenesis to the human disease by injecting the elastase using ultrasound guidance and then applying treadmill exercise. The loss of elastin and change of collagen composition in clinical tendinopathy samples were observed in the rats. In addition, the sequential inflammation cascades were observed in the histological outcomes with combination of elastase injection and treadmill exercise. Thus, this model may be used to test the clinical treatment of tendinopathy in different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Tzu Hui Institute of Technology, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Chin Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, E-Da Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
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5
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Huang CW, Lu SY, Huang TC, Huang BM, Sun HS, Yang SH, Chuang JI, Hsueh YY, Wu YT, Wu CC. FGF9 induces functional differentiation to Schwann cells from human adipose derived stem cells. Theranostics 2020; 10:2817-2831. [PMID: 32194837 PMCID: PMC7052907 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The formation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) into spheres on a chitosan-coated microenvironment promoted ASCs differentiation into a mixed population of neural lineage-like cells (NLCs), but the underline mechanism is still unknown. Since the fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) play as key regulators of neural cell fate during embryo development and stem cell differentiation, the current study aims to reveal the interplay of FGF9 and FGFRs for promoting peripheral nerve regeneration. Methods: Different concentration of FGF9 peptide (10, 25, 50, 100 ng/mL) were added during NLCs induction (FGF9-NLCs). The FGFR expressions and potential signaling were studied by gene and protein expressions as well as knocking down by specific FGFR siRNA or commercial inhibitors. FGF9-NLCs were fluorescent labeled and applied into a nerve conduit upon the injured sciatic nerves of experimental rats. Results: The FGFR2 and FGFR4 were significantly increased during NLCs induction. The FGF9 treated FGF9-NLCs spheres became smaller and changed into Schwann cells (SCs) which expressed S100β and GFAP. The specific silencing of FGFR2 diminished FGF9-induced Akt phosphorylation and inhibited the differentiation of SCs. Transplanted FGF9-NLCs participated in myelin sheath formation, enhanced axonal regrowth and promoted innervated muscle regeneration. The knockdown of FGFR2 in FGF9-NLCs led to the abolishment of nerve regeneration. Conclusions: Our data therefore demonstrate the importance of FGF9 in the determination of SC fate via the FGF9-FGFR2-Akt pathway and reveal the therapeutic benefit of FGF9-NLCs.
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Up-Regulation of Superoxide Dismutase 2 in 3D Spheroid Formation Promotes Therapeutic Potency of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010066. [PMID: 31940867 PMCID: PMC7023074 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) are accessible, available in abundance, and have been shown to be a promising source that can regenerate cartilage in patients with osteoarthritis or other orthopedic diseases. Recently, a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture system was developed to mimic the naive tissue microenvironment. However, the efficacy of cells generated from the 3D spheroid culture system has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrate the changes in superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) gene expression, an indicator of oxidative stress, on 3D spheroid MSCs. Moreover, siRNA transfection and neutralizing antibody investigations were performed to confirm the function of SOD2 and E-cadherin. Overall, we found that SOD2 siRNA transfection in the spheroid form of MSCs increases the expression of apoptotic genes and decreases the clearance of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). As a result, we confirm that 3D spheroid formation increases E-cadherin and SOD2 expression, ultimately regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K/pAkt/pNrf2 and pERK/pNrf2 signaling pathway. Additionally, we show that SOD2 expression on 3D spheroid MSCs affects the regeneration rates of destructive cartilage in an osteoarthritic model. We postulate that the impact of SOD2 expression on 3D spheroid MSCs reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis, and also promotes cartilage regeneration.
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The micromass formation potential of human adipose-derived stromal cells isolated from different various origins. Head Face Med 2018; 14:19. [PMID: 30257689 PMCID: PMC6158821 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-018-0178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult stem cells appear to be a promising subject for tissue engineering, representing an individual material for regeneration of aged and damaged cells. Especially adipose derived stromal cells (ADSC), which are easily to achieve, allow an encouraging perspective due to their capability of differentiating into miscellaneous cell types. Here we describe the in vitro formation of human subcutaneous, visceral and omental ADSC micromasses and compare their histological attributes while being cultivated on collagen membranes. METHODS Subcutaneous, visceral and omental fat tissue derived cells were isolated and processed according to standard protocols. Positively stained cells for CD13, CD44 and CD90 were cultivated on agarose in order to study micromass formation using a special method of cell tracking. Stained paraffin-embedded micromasses were analysed morphologically before and after being plated on collagen membranes. RESULTS The micromass formation process was similar in all three tissue types. Subcutaneous fat tissue derived micromasses turned out to develop a more homogeneous and compact shape than visceral and omental tissue. Nevertheless all micromasses adhered to collagen membranes with visible spreading of cells. The immune histochemical (IHC) staining of subcutaneous, visceral and omental ADSC micromasses shows a constant expression of CD13 and a decrease of CD44 and CD 90 expression within 28 days. After that period, omental fat cells don't show any expression of CD44. CONCLUSION In conclusion micromass formation and cultivation of all analysed fat tissues can be achieved, subcutaneous cells appearing to be the best material for regenerative concepts.
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Wang S, Zhu R, Li H, Li J, Han Q, Zhao RC. Mesenchymal stem cells and immune disorders: from basic science to clinical transition. Front Med 2018; 13:138-151. [PMID: 30062557 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-018-0627-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As a promising candidate seed cell type in regenerative medicine, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted considerable attention. The unique capacity of MSCs to exert a regulatory effect on immunity in an autologous/allergenic manner makes them an attractive therapeutic cell type for immune disorders. In this review, we discussed the current knowledge of and advances in MSCs, including its basic biological properties, i.e., multilineage differentiation, secretome, and immunomodulation. Specifically, on the basis of our previous work, we proposed three new concepts of MSCs, i.e., "subtotipotent stem cell" hypothesis, MSC system, and "Yin and Yang" balance of MSC regulation, which may bring new insights into our understanding of MSCs. Furthermore, we analyzed data from the Clinical Trials database ( http://clinicaltrials.gov ) on registered clinical trials using MSCs to treat a variety of immune diseases, such as graft-versus-host disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis. In addition, we highlighted MSC clinical trials in China and discussed the challenges and future directions in the field of MSC clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China.,Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Rongjia Zhu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China.,Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Hongling Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China.,Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China.,Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Qin Han
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China.,Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China. .,School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China. .,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100005, China. .,Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.
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Graziano ACE, Avola R, Perciavalle V, Nicoletti F, Cicala G, Coco M, Cardile V. Physiologically based microenvironment for in vitro neural differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2018; 10:23-33. [PMID: 29588808 PMCID: PMC5867480 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v10.i3.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The limited capacity of nervous system to promote a spontaneous regeneration and the high rate of neurodegenerative diseases appearance are keys factors that stimulate researches both for defining the molecular mechanisms of pathophysiology and for evaluating putative strategies to induce neural tissue regeneration. In this latter aspect, the application of stem cells seems to be a promising approach, even if the control of their differentiation and the maintaining of a safe state of proliferation should be troubled. Here, we focus on adipose tissue-derived stem cells and we seek out the recent advances on the promotion of their neural differentiation, performing a critical integration of the basic biology and physiology of adipose tissue-derived stem cells with the functional modifications that the biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical microenvironment induces to cell phenotype. The pre-clinical studies showed that the neural differentiation by cell stimulation with growth factors benefits from the integration with biomaterials and biophysical interaction like microgravity. All these elements have been reported as furnisher of microenvironments with desirable biological, physical and mechanical properties. A critical review of current knowledge is here proposed, underscoring that a real advance toward a stable, safe and controllable adipose stem cells clinical application will derive from a synergic multidisciplinary approach that involves material engineer, basic cell biology, cell and tissue physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosanna Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Perciavalle
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pathology and Oncology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Gianluca Cicala
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy
| | - Marinella Coco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Venera Cardile
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
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10
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Petrenko Y, Syková E, Kubinová Š. The therapeutic potential of three-dimensional multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell spheroids. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:94. [PMID: 28446248 PMCID: PMC5406927 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0558-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of clinical trials involving transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is often insufficient due to harsh conditions present within the target tissue including hypoxia, low nutrient supply as well as inflammatory reactions. This indicates the necessity for optimization of cell-based therapy approaches which might include either modification of the cell manufacturing process or specific cell pretreatment procedures prior to transplantation. Recent reports confirm evidence that the aggregation of MSCs into three-dimensional (3D) multicellular spheroids results in enhancement of the overall therapeutic potential of cells, by improving the anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties, stemness and survival of MSCs after transplantation. Such an MSCs spheroid generation approach may open new opportunities for the enlargement of MSCs applications in clinical research and therapy. However, the unification and optimization of 3D spheroid generation techniques, including the selection of appropriate clinical-grade culture conditions and methods for their large-scale production, are still of great importance. The current review addresses questions regarding therapeutic-associated properties of 3D multicellular MSCs spheroids in vitro and during preclinical animal studies, with special attention to the possibilities of translating these research achievements toward further clinical manufacturing and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Petrenko
- Department of Biomaterials and Biophysical Methods, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR v. v. i, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4-Krč, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Syková
- Department of Neuroscience, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Kubinová
- Department of Biomaterials and Biophysical Methods, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR v. v. i, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4-Krč, Czech Republic
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11
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Zhou Y, Chen H, Li H, Wu Y. 3D culture increases pluripotent gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells through relaxation of cytoskeleton tension. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:1073-1084. [PMID: 28276635 PMCID: PMC5431137 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Three‐dimensional (3D) culture has been shown to improve pluripotent gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), but the underlining mechanisms were poorly understood. Here, we found that the relaxation of cytoskeleton tension of MSCs in 3D culture was critically associated with the expressional up‐regulation of Nanog. Cultured in spheroids, MSCs showed decreased integrin‐based cell–matrix adhesion but increased cadherin‐based cell–cell interaction. Different from that in 2D culture, where MSCs exhibited branched and multiple‐directed F‐actin stress bundles at the cell edge and strengthened stress fibres transversing the cell body, MSCs cultured in spheroids showed compact cell body, relaxed cytoskeleton tension with very thin cortical actin filament outlining the cell, and increased expression of Nanog along with reduced levels of Suv39h1 (H3K9 methyltransferase) and H3K9me3. Notably, pharmaceutical inhibition of actin polymerization with cytochalasin D or silencing Suv39h1 expression with siRNA in 2D‐cultured MSCs elevated the expression of Nanog via H3K9 demethylation. Thus, our data suggest that 3D culture increases the expression of Nanog through the relaxation of actin cytoskeleton, which mediates reduced Suv39h1 and H3K9me3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Qingdao, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaojiong Wu
- The Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI), Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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12
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Luo L, Chen WJ, Yin JQ, Xu RX. EID3 directly associates with DNMT3A during transdifferentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to NPC-like cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40463. [PMID: 28074931 PMCID: PMC5225425 DOI: 10.1038/srep40463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been recently been increased interest in the plasticity of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) and their potential in the treatment of neurological disorders. In this study, UMSCs were transdifferentiated into neural stem-like cells (uNSCL), these cells grow in neurosphere-like structures and express high levels of NSCs markers. Epigenetics-related gene screening was here used to assess the relationship between E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation 3 (EID3), a p300 inhibitor, and DNA methyltransferase 3 A (DNMT3A) during the transdifferentiation of UMSCs into uNSCL in vitro. Before transdifferentiation of UMSCs into uNSCLs, high levels of EID3 and low levels of DNMT3A were detected; after transdifferentiation, low levels of EID3 and high levels of DNMT3A were detected. The current work showed that EID3 and DNMT3A co-localized in cell nuclei and EID3 interacted directly with DNMT3A in uNSCL. In summary, these results suggest that DNMT3A is probably directly regulated by EID3 during UMSC transdifferentiation into uNSCLs. These findings indicated a novel mechanism by which EID3, a p300 acetyltransferase inhibitor, could directly affect DNMT3A, this enzyme possesses dual methylation and demethylation abilities. These studies may be helpful for understanding a complex regulation mode of DNMT3A, which is a unique member of the methyltransferase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Luo
- Bayi Brain Hospital, General Hospital of PLA Army, Southern Medical University, Beijing 100700, P. R. China.,Stem Cell Research Center, Neurosurgery Institute of Beijing Military Region, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jin Chen
- Bayi Brain Hospital, General Hospital of PLA Army, Southern Medical University, Beijing 100700, P. R. China.,Stem Cell Research Center, Neurosurgery Institute of Beijing Military Region, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - James Q Yin
- Bayi Brain Hospital, General Hospital of PLA Army, Southern Medical University, Beijing 100700, P. R. China.,Stem Cell Research Center, Neurosurgery Institute of Beijing Military Region, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
| | - Ru-Xiang Xu
- Bayi Brain Hospital, General Hospital of PLA Army, Southern Medical University, Beijing 100700, P. R. China.,Stem Cell Research Center, Neurosurgery Institute of Beijing Military Region, Beijing 100700, P. R. China
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13
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Huang CF, Chang YJ, Hsueh YY, Huang CW, Wang DH, Huang TC, Wu YT, Su FC, Hughes M, Chuong CM, Wu CC. Assembling Composite Dermal Papilla Spheres with Adipose-derived Stem Cells to Enhance Hair Follicle Induction. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26436. [PMID: 27210831 PMCID: PMC4876394 DOI: 10.1038/srep26436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intradermal adipose tissue plays an essential role for hair follicles (HFs) regeneration by regulating hair cycles. However, the effect of reconstruction of HFs and the involvement of adipose-related cells are poorly understood. We investigated assembly strategies for the interactions of dermal papilla (DP) cells with adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in promoting hair formation. DP cells lose DP traits during adherent culture, but preserved DP markers with a unified sphere diameter by seeding on chitosan-coated microenvironments. Next, ASCs isolated from rats were co-cultured with DP spheres by different assembling approaches to determine their interactions; a mixed sphere of ASCs with DP cells (MA-DPS), or a core-shell structure, outer ASCs shell and an inner DP core (CSA-DPS). CSA-DPS exhibited superior DP characteristics compared to MA-DPS. Conditional medium from ASCs, but not differentiated adipocytes, promoted DP markers and functional alkaline phosphatase activity from the DP cells. In vivo patch assay showed the core-shell assembling of CSA-DPS can reconstruct cellular arrangements and microenvironmental niches as dominated by PPARα signal in ASCs to induce the greater hair induction than MA-DPS or DP spheres alone. Therefore, the assembling of a core-shell sphere for DP with ASCs could reconstruct the HF cellular arrangement for hair formation. This paper set the groundwork for further evaluation of the input of other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Fu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ju Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yu Hsueh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Duo-Hsiang Wang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chieh Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Wu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Fong-Chin Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hughes
- International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, California 90033, USA
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,International Research Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
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14
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Jumabay M, Boström KI. Dedifferentiated fat cells: A cell source for regenerative medicine. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:1202-1214. [PMID: 26640620 PMCID: PMC4663373 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i10.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of an ideal cell source for tissue regeneration remains a challenge in the stem cell field. The ability of progeny cells to differentiate into other cell types is important for the processes of tissue reconstruction and tissue engineering and has clinical, biochemical or molecular implications. The adaptation of stem cells from adipose tissue for use in regenerative medicine has created a new role for adipocytes. Mature adipocytes can easily be isolated from adipose cell suspensions and allowed to dedifferentiate into lipid-free multipotent cells, referred to as dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells. Compared to other adult stem cells, the DFAT cells have unique advantages in their abundance, ease of isolation and homogeneity. Under proper condition in vitro and in vivo, the DFAT cells have exhibited adipogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, cardiomyogenc, angiogenic, myogenic, and neurogenic potentials. In this review, we first discuss the phenomena of dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation of cells, and then dedifferentiation of adipocytes in particular. Understanding the dedifferentiation process itself may contribute to our knowledge of normal growth processes, as well as mechanisms of disease. Second, we highlight new developments in DFAT cell culture and summarize the current understanding of DFAT cell properties. The unique features of DFAT cells are promising for clinical applications such as tissue regeneration.
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15
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Hsueh YY, Chang YJ, Huang CW, Handayani F, Chiang YL, Fan SC, Ho CJ, Kuo YM, Yang SH, Chen YL, Lin SC, Huang CC, Wu CC. Synergy of endothelial and neural progenitor cells from adipose-derived stem cells to preserve neurovascular structures in rat hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14985. [PMID: 26447335 PMCID: PMC4597209 DOI: 10.1038/srep14985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal cerebral hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury damages the architecture of neurovascular units (NVUs) and results in neurological disorders. Here, we differentiated adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) toward the progenitor of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and neural precursor cells (NPCs) via microenvironmental induction and investigated the protective effect by transplanting ASCs, EPCs, NPCs, or a combination of EPCs and NPCs (E+N) into neonatal HI injured rat pups. The E+N combination produced significant reduction in brain damage and cell apoptosis and the most comprehensive restoration in NVUs regarding neuron number, normal astrocytes, and vessel density. Improvements in cognitive and motor functions were also achieved in injured rats with E+N therapy. Synergistic interactions to facilitate transmigration under in vitro hypoxic microenvironment were discovered with involvement of the neuropilin-1 (NRP1) signal in EPCs and the C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) signals in NPCs. Therefore, ASCs exhibit great potential for cell sources in endothelial and neural lineages to prevent brain from HI damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yu Hsueh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ju Chang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Fitri Handayani
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lun Chiang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chen Fan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jung Ho
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University, Xinyi District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsun Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Ling Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Che Lin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ching Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University, Xinyi District, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Wan-fan Hospital, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Xinyi District, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, North District, Tainan City, Taiwan
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16
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Huang CW, Huang CC, Chen YL, Fan SC, Hsueh YY, Ho CJ, Wu CC. Shear Stress Induces Differentiation of Endothelial Lineage Cells to Protect Neonatal Brain from Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury through NRP1 and VEGFR2 Signaling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:862485. [PMID: 26509169 PMCID: PMC4609802 DOI: 10.1155/2015/862485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injuries disrupt the integrity of neurovascular structure and lead to lifelong neurological deficit. The devastating damage can be ameliorated by preserving the endothelial network, but the source for therapeutic cells is limited. We aim to evaluate the beneficial effect of mechanical shear stress in the differentiation of endothelial lineage cells (ELCs) from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and the possible intracellular signals to protect HI injury using cell-based therapy in the neonatal rats. The ASCs expressed early endothelial markers after biochemical stimulation of endothelial growth medium. The ELCs with full endothelial characteristics were accomplished after a subsequential shear stress application for 24 hours. When comparing the therapeutic potential of ASCs and ELCs, the ELCs treatment significantly reduced the infarction area and preserved neurovascular architecture in HI injured brain. The transplanted ELCs can migrate and engraft into the brain tissue, especially in vessels, where they promoted the angiogenesis. The activation of Akt by neuropilin 1 (NRP1) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) was important for ELC migration and following in vivo therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, the current study demonstrated importance of mechanical factor in stem cell differentiation and showed promising protection of brain from HI injury using ELCs treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wei Huang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Daxue Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ching Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Daxue Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Ling Chen
- Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Daxue Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chen Fan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, I-Shou University, No. 1 Syuecheng Road, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yu Hsueh
- Division of Plastic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, No. 138 Sheng Li Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jung Ho
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Daxue Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Daxue Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Daxue Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Daxue Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- International Research Center for Wound Regeneration and Repair, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Daxue Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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17
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Substrate-mediated nanoparticle/gene delivery to MSC spheroids and their applications in peripheral nerve regeneration. Biomaterials 2014; 35:2630-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Feng N, Han Q, Li J, Wang S, Li H, Yao X, Zhao RC. Generation of highly purified neural stem cells from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells by Sox1 activation. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:515-29. [PMID: 24138016 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are ideal candidates in stem cell-based therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. However, it is unfeasible to get enough quantity of NSCs for clinical application. Generation of NSCs from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) will provide a solution to this problem. Currently, the differentiation of hAD-MSCs into highly purified NSCs with biological functions is rarely reported. In our study, we established a three-step NSC-inducing protocol, in which hAD-MSCs were induced to generate NSCs with high purity after sequentially cultured in the pre-inducing medium (Step1), the N2B27 medium (Step2), and the N2B27 medium supplement with basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor (Step3). These hAD-MSC-derived NSCs (adNSCs) can form neurospheres and highly express Sox1, Pax6, Nestin, and Vimentin; the proportion was 96.1% ± 1.3%, 96.8% ± 1.7%, 96.2% ± 1.3%, and 97.2% ± 2.5%, respectively, as detected by flow cytometry. These adNSCs can further differentiate into astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and functional neurons, which were able to generate tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium current. Additionally, we found that the neural differentiation of hAD-MSCs were significantly suppressed by Sox1 interference, and what's more, Step1 was a key step for the following induction, probably because it was associated with the initiation and nuclear translocation of Sox1, an important transcriptional factor for neural development. Finally, we observed that bone morphogenetic protein signal was inhibited, and Wnt/β-catenin signal was activated during inducing process, and both signals were related with Sox1 expression. In conclusion, we successfully established a three-step inducing protocol to derive NSCs from hAD-MSCs with high purity by Sox1 activation. These findings might enable to acquire enough autologous transplantable NSCs for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianhua Feng
- 1 Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine , Beijing, People's Republic of China
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19
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Functional recoveries of sciatic nerve regeneration by combining chitosan-coated conduit and neurosphere cells induced from adipose-derived stem cells. Biomaterials 2013; 35:2234-44. [PMID: 24360575 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Suboptimal repair occurs in a peripheral nerve gap, which can be partially restored by bridging the gap with various biosynthetic conduits or cell-based therapy. In this study, we developed a combination of chitosan coating approach to induce neurosphere cells from human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on chitosan-coated plate and then applied these cells to the interior of a chitosan-coated silicone tube to bridge a 10-mm gap in a rat sciatic nerve. Myelin sheath degeneration and glial scar formation were discovered in the nerve bridged by the silicone conduit. By using a single treatment of chitosan-coated conduit or neurosphere cell therapy, the nerve gap was partially recovered after 6 weeks of surgery. Substantial improvements in nerve regeneration were achieved by combining neurosphere cells and chitosan-coated conduit based on the increase of myelinated axons density and myelin thickness, gastrocnemius muscle weight and muscle fiber diameter, and step and stride lengths from gait analysis. High expressions of interleukin-1β and leukotriene B4 receptor 1 in the intra-neural scarring caused by using silicone conduits revealed that the inflammatory mechanism can be inhibited when the conduit is coated with chitosan. This study demonstrated that the chitosan-coated surface performs multiple functions that can be used to induce neurosphere cells from ASCs and to facilitate nerve regeneration in combination with a cells-assisted coated conduit.
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20
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Ni HC, Tseng TC, Chen JR, Hsu SH, Chiu IM. Fabrication of bioactive conduits containing the fibroblast growth factor 1 and neural stem cells for peripheral nerve regeneration across a 15 mm critical gap. Biofabrication 2013; 5:035010. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5082/5/3/035010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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21
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Gnavi S, Barwig C, Freier T, Haastert-Talini K, Grothe C, Geuna S. The use of chitosan-based scaffolds to enhance regeneration in the nervous system. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2013; 109:1-62. [PMID: 24093605 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-420045-6.00001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Various biomaterials have been proposed to build up scaffolds for promoting neural repair. Among them, chitosan, a derivative of chitin, has been raising more and more interest among basic and clinical scientists. A number of studies with neuronal and glial cell cultures have shown that this biomaterial has biomimetic properties, which make it a good candidate for developing innovative devices for neural repair. Yet, in vivo experimental studies have shown that chitosan can be successfully used to create scaffolds that promote regeneration both in the central and in the peripheral nervous system. In this review, the relevant literature on the use of chitosan in the nervous tissue, either alone or in combination with other components, is overviewed. Altogether, the promising in vitro and in vivo experimental results make it possible to foresee that time for clinical trials with chitosan-based nerve regeneration-promoting devices is approaching quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gnavi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Institute of the Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Turin, Ospedale San Luigi, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano (TO), Italy
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22
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Mehta G, Hsiao AY, Ingram M, Luker GD, Takayama S. Opportunities and challenges for use of tumor spheroids as models to test drug delivery and efficacy. J Control Release 2012; 164:192-204. [PMID: 22613880 PMCID: PMC3436947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 796] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular spheroids are three dimensional in vitro microscale tissue analogs. The current article examines the suitability of spheroids as an in vitro platform for testing drug delivery systems. Spheroids model critical physiologic parameters present in vivo, including complex multicellular architecture, barriers to mass transport, and extracellular matrix deposition. Relative to two-dimensional cultures, spheroids also provide better target cells for drug testing and are appropriate in vitro models for studies of drug penetration. Key challenges associated with creation of uniformly sized spheroids, spheroids with small number of cells and co-culture spheroids are emphasized in the article. Moreover, the assay techniques required for the characterization of drug delivery and efficacy in spheroids and the challenges associated with such studies are discussed. Examples for the use of spheroids in drug delivery and testing are also emphasized. By addressing these challenges with possible solutions, multicellular spheroids are becoming an increasingly useful in vitro tool for drug screening and delivery to pathological tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099
| | - Amy Y. Hsiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099
| | - Marylou Ingram
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, 99 North El Molino Avenue, Pasadena, CA, 91101-1830
| | - Gary D. Luker
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099
| | - Shuichi Takayama
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2099
- Division of Nano-Bio and Chemical Engineering, WCU Project, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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