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Cao Y, Redd MA, Fang C, Mizikovsky D, Li X, Macdonald PS, King GF, Palpant NJ. New Drug Targets and Preclinical Modelling Recommendations for Treating Acute Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2023:S1443-9506(23)00139-7. [PMID: 37230806 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and the primary underlying risk factor for heart failure. Despite decades of research and clinical trials, there are no drugs currently available to prevent organ damage from acute ischaemic injuries of the heart. In order to address the increasing global burden of heart failure, drug, gene, and cell-based regeneration technologies are advancing into clinical testing. In this review we highlight the burden of disease associated with AMI and the therapeutic landscape based on market analyses. New studies revealing the role of acid-sensitive cardiac ion channels and other proton-gated ion channels in cardiac ischaemia are providing renewed interest in pre- and post-conditioning agents with novel mechanisms of action that may also have implications for gene- and cell-based therapeutics. Furthermore, we present guidelines that couple new cell technologies and data resources with traditional animal modelling pipelines to help de-risk drug candidates aimed at treating AMI. We propose that improved preclinical pipelines and increased investment in drug target identification for AMI is critical to stem the increasing global health burden of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhao Cao
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Meredith A Redd
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Chen Fang
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Dalia Mizikovsky
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Xichun Li
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Peter S Macdonald
- Cardiopulmonary Transplant Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Nathan J Palpant
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
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Hou L, Liu Y, Sun C, Xu R, Cao G, Wang X. Novel Perspective of Cardiovascular Diseases: Volume-Regulatory Anion Channels in the Cell Membrane. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070644. [PMID: 35877847 PMCID: PMC9324040 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although there are established mechanisms and preventions for CVDs, they are not totally elucidative and effective. Emerging evidence suggests that the dysregulation of ion channels in the cell membranes underpins the dysfunction of the cardiovascular system. To date, a variety of cation channels have been widely recognized as important targets for the treatment of CVDs. As a critical component of the anion channels, the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) is involved in a series of cell functions by the volume regulation and maintenance of membrane homeostasis. It has been confirmed to play crucial roles in cell action potential generation, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and the VRAC appears to be a major participant in metabolic processes during CVDs. This review summarizes the current evidence and progress concerning the VRAC, to determine the future directions and challenges for CVDs for both preventive and therapeutic purposes.
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5‑Nitro‑2‑(3‑phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid induces apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells via reactive oxygen species and endoplasmic reticulum stress through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:59. [PMID: 33604681 PMCID: PMC7910017 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataracts have a high incidence and prevalence rate worldwide, and they are the leading cause of blindness. Lens epithelial cell (LEC) apoptosis is often analysed in cataract research since it is the pathological basis of cataracts, except for congenital cataract. Chloride channels are present in ocular tissues, such as in trabecular cells, LECs and other cells. They serve an important role in apoptosis and participate in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress. However, their role in the apoptosis of LECs has not been discussed. The present study examined the effects of the chloride channel blocker 5‑nitro‑2‑(3‑phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB) in human LECs (HLECs) to elucidate the role of NPPB in HLECs and investigate the role and mechanism of chloride channels in cataract formation. HLECs were exposed to NPPB. Cell survival rate was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays. Oxidative stress was detected as reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells by using a ROS assay kit. Apoptosis was examined by assessing mitochondrial membrane potential and using a JC‑1 assay kit, and western blot analysis was performed to measure the expression levels of mitochondrial‑dependent apoptosis pathway‑associated proteins. ER stress was evaluated by determining the intracellular calcium ion fluorescence intensity, and western blot analysis was performed to measure ER stress‑associated protein expression. The results revealed that NPPB treatment decreased the viability of HLECs and increased apoptosis. Additionally, NPPB increased intracellular ROS levels, as well as the number of JC‑1 monomers and the protein expression levels of B‑cell lymphoma‑2 (Bcl‑2)‑associated X and cleaved caspase‑3, and decreased Bcl‑2 protein expression. NPPB increased intracellular calcium ions, the protein expression levels of activating transcription factor 6, JNK, C/EBP homologous protein and caspase‑12, and the phosphorylation of protein kinase R‑like endoplasmic reticulum kinase. N‑acetylcysteine and 4‑phenylbutyric acid inhibited NPPB‑induced oxidative stress, ER stress and apoptosis. Therefore, NPPB treatment decreased cell viability and promoted apoptosis of HLECs via the promotion of oxidative and ER stress.
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Chen BY, Huang CC, Lv XF, Zheng HQ, Zhang YJ, Sun L, Wang GL, Ma MM, Guan YY. SGK1 mediates the hypotonic protective effect against H 2O 2-induced apoptosis of rat basilar artery smooth muscle cells by inhibiting the FOXO3a/Bim signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1073-1084. [PMID: 32139897 PMCID: PMC7470837 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0357-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinease-1 (SGK1) is a serine/threonine kinase regulated by hypotonic stimuli, which is involved in regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis. Our previous study shows that activation of volume-regulated Cl- channels (VRCCs) protects rat basilar artery smooth muscle cells (BASMCs) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated whether SGK1 was involved in the protective effect of VRCCs in BASMCs. We showed that hypotonic challenge significantly reduced H2O2-induced apoptosis, and increased SGK1 phosphorylation, but did not affect SGK1 protein expression. The protective effect of hypotonic challenge against H2O2-induced apoptosis was mediated through inhibiting mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway, evidenced by increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio, stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), decreased cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, and inhibition of the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3. These protective effects of hypotonic challenge against H2O2-induced apoptosis was diminished and enhanced, respectively, by SGK1 knockdown and overexpression. We further revealed that SGK1 activation significantly increased forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) phosphorylation, and then inhibited the translocation of FOXO3a into nucleus and the subsequent expression of Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (Bim). In conclusion, SGK1 mediates the protective effect of VRCCs against H2O2-induced apoptosis in BASMCs via inhibiting FOXO3a/Bim signaling pathway. Our results provide compelling evidences that SGK1 is a critical link between VRCCs and apoptosis, and shed a new light on the treatment of vascular apoptosis-associated diseases, such as vascular remodeling, angiogenesis, and atherosclerosis.
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Ponnalagu D, Hussain AT, Thanawala R, Meka J, Bednarczyk P, Feng Y, Szewczyk A, GururajaRao S, Bopassa JC, Khan M, Singh H. Chloride channel blocker IAA-94 increases myocardial infarction by reducing calcium retention capacity of the cardiac mitochondria. Life Sci 2019; 235:116841. [PMID: 31494173 PMCID: PMC7664129 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Indanyloxyacetic acid-94 (IAA-94), an intracellular chloride channel blocker, is shown to ablate cardioprotection rendered by ischemic preconditioning (IPC), N (6)-2-(4-aminophenyl) ethyladenosine or the PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and cyclosporin A (CsA) in both ex-vivo and in-vivo ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Thus signifying the role of the IAA-94 sensitive chloride channels in mediating cardio-protection upon IR injury. Although IAA-94 sensitive chloride currents are recorded in cardiac mitoplast, there is still a lack of understanding of the mechanism by which IAA-94 increases myocardial infarction (MI) by IR injury. Mitochondria are the key arbitrators of cell life and death pathways. Both oxidative stress and calcium overload in the mitochondria, elicit pathways resulting in the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) leading to cell death. Therefore, in this study we explored the role of IAA-94 in MI and in maintaining calcium retention capacity (CRC) of cardiac mitochondria after IR. IAA-94 inhibited the CRC of the isolated cardiac mitochondria in a concentration-dependent manner as measured spectrofluorimetrically using calcium green-5 N. Interestingly, IAA-94 did not change the mitochondrial membrane potential. Further, CsA a blocker of mPTP opening could not override the effect of IAA-94. We also showed for the first time that IAA-94 perfusion after ischemic event augments MI by reducing the CRC of mitochondria. To conclude, our results demonstrate that the mechanism of IAA-94 mediated cardio-deleterious effects is via modulating the mitochondria CRC, thereby playing a role in mPTP opening. These findings highlight new pharmacological targets, which can mediate cardioprotection from IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devasena Ponnalagu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.
| | - Ahmed Tafsirul Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States of America
| | - Rushi Thanawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States of America
| | - Jahnavi Meka
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States of America
| | - Piotr Bednarczyk
- Department of Biophysics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Poland
| | - Yansheng Feng
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States of America
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Poland
| | - Shubha GururajaRao
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Jean C Bopassa
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States of America
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America; Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.
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Jentsch TJ, Pusch M. CLC Chloride Channels and Transporters: Structure, Function, Physiology, and Disease. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1493-1590. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00047.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CLC anion transporters are found in all phyla and form a gene family of eight members in mammals. Two CLC proteins, each of which completely contains an ion translocation parthway, assemble to homo- or heteromeric dimers that sometimes require accessory β-subunits for function. CLC proteins come in two flavors: anion channels and anion/proton exchangers. Structures of these two CLC protein classes are surprisingly similar. Extensive structure-function analysis identified residues involved in ion permeation, anion-proton coupling and gating and led to attractive biophysical models. In mammals, ClC-1, -2, -Ka/-Kb are plasma membrane Cl−channels, whereas ClC-3 through ClC-7 are 2Cl−/H+-exchangers in endolysosomal membranes. Biological roles of CLCs were mostly studied in mammals, but also in plants and model organisms like yeast and Caenorhabditis elegans. CLC Cl−channels have roles in the control of electrical excitability, extra- and intracellular ion homeostasis, and transepithelial transport, whereas anion/proton exchangers influence vesicular ion composition and impinge on endocytosis and lysosomal function. The surprisingly diverse roles of CLCs are highlighted by human and mouse disorders elicited by mutations in their genes. These pathologies include neurodegeneration, leukodystrophy, mental retardation, deafness, blindness, myotonia, hyperaldosteronism, renal salt loss, proteinuria, kidney stones, male infertility, and osteopetrosis. In this review, emphasis is laid on biophysical structure-function analysis and on the cell biological and organismal roles of mammalian CLCs and their role in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Jentsch
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany; and Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
| | - Michael Pusch
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) and Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin (MDC), Berlin, Germany; and Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy
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Li C, Huang D, Tang J, Chen M, Lu Q, Li H, Zhang M, Xu B, Mao J. ClC-3 chloride channel is involved in isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Gene 2017; 642:335-342. [PMID: 29158167 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Isoprenaline, an activator of β-adrenergic receptor, has been found to induce cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. ClC-3 is a member of the chloride channel family and is highly expressed in mammalian myocardium. In the present study, the role of ClC-3 in isopronaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy was investigated. We found that ClC-3 expression was reduced in isoprenaline-induced hypertrophic H9c2 cells, primary rat neonatal cardiomyocytes and myocardium of C57/BL/6 mice, and this reduction was prevented by the pretreatment of propranolol. Adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated ClC-3 expression in myocardium decreased heart mass index, thinned interventricular septum and left ventricular wall and lowered the mRNA expression of natriuretic peptide type A (ANF) and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC). Our results showed that ClC-3 played an important role in β-adrenergic cardiac hypertrophy which could be associated with ANF and β-MHC, and all these findings suggested that ClC-3 may be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention or treatment of myocardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances and School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances and School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Zhuzhou, 412012, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances and School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengqing Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | - Bin Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates and School of Biosciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jianwen Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances and School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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蔡 少, 陈 景, 陈 美, 林 健, 冯 鉴, 林 凯, 智 喜, 张 伟, 吴 文. [Angiotensin-(1-7) protects cardiac myocytes against high glucose-induced injury by inhibiting ClC-3 chloride channels]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:895-901. [PMID: 28736364 PMCID: PMC6765525 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.07.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] protects cardiac myocytes against high glucose (HG)-induced injury by inhibiting ClC-3 chloride channels. METHOD H9c2 cardiac cells were exposed to 35 mmol/L glucose for 24 h to establish a cell injury model. The cells were treated with Ang-(1-7) or the inhibitor of chloride channel (NPPB) in the presence of HG for 24 h to observe the changes in HG-induced cell injury. Cell counter kit 8 (CCK-8) assay was used to test the cell viability, and the morphological changes of the apoptotic cells were detected using Hoechst 33258 staining and fluorescent microscopy. The intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was examined by DCFH-DA staining, SOD activity in the culture medium was measured using commercial kits, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of the cells was tested with rodamine 123 staining. The expression level of cardiac ClC-3 chloride channels was detected with Western blotting. RESULTS Exposure of H9c2 cardiac cells to 35 mmol/L glucose for 24 h markedly enhanced the expressions of cardiac ClC-3 channel protein (P<0.01). Co-treatment of the cells with 1 µmol/L Ang-(1-7) and HG for 24 h significantly attenuated HG- induced upregulation of ClC-3 channel protein expression (P<0.01). Co-treatment of the cells exposed to HG with 1 µmol/L Ang-(1-7) or 100 µmol/L NPPB for 24 h obviously ameliorated HG-induced injuries as shown by increased cell viability, enhanced SOD activity, decreased number of apoptotic cells, and reduced intracellular ROS generation and loss of MMP (P<0.01). CONCLUSION ClC-3 channels are involved in HG-induced injury in cardiac cells. Ang-(1-7) protects cardiac cells against HG-induced injury by inhibiting ClC-3 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- 少艾 蔡
- 广州医科大学附属第二医院老年科, 广东 广州 510260Department of Geriatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - 景福 陈
- 东莞市第三人民医院心血管内科, 广东 东莞510515Department of Cardiology, Third People's Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan 510515, China
| | - 美姬 陈
- 中山大学 附属第一医院黄埔院区儿科, 广东广州 510080Department of Pediatrics, Zhongshan Medical College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 健聪 林
- 中山大学 附属第一医院黄埔院区内科, 广东广州 510080Department of Internal Medicine, Huangpu Division of First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 鉴强 冯
- 中山医学院生理学教研室, 广东广州 510080Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 凯 林
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院//广东省老年医学研究所东病区内分泌科, 广东 广州 510080Department of Endocrinology, East Ward of Guangdong Geriatric Institute/ Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences/Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 喜梅 智
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院//广东省老年医学研究所东病区内分泌科, 广东 广州 510080Department of Endocrinology, East Ward of Guangdong Geriatric Institute/ Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences/Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 伟杰 张
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院//广东省老年医学研究所东病区内分泌科, 广东 广州 510080Department of Endocrinology, East Ward of Guangdong Geriatric Institute/ Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences/Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 文 吴
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院//广东省老年医学研究所东病区内分泌科, 广东 广州 510080Department of Endocrinology, East Ward of Guangdong Geriatric Institute/ Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences/Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Yu Y, Ye L, Li YG, Burkin DJ, Duan DD. Heart-specific overexpression of the human short CLC-3 chloride channel isoform limits myocardial ischemia-induced ERP and QT prolongation. Int J Cardiol 2016; 214:218-24. [PMID: 27064645 PMCID: PMC4862918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.03.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ischemia causes myocardial infarction and arrhythmias. Up-regulation of cardiac CLC-3 chloride channels is important for ischemic preconditioning-induced second-window protection against myocardial infarction. But its consequences in ischemia-induced electrical remodeling are still unknown. METHODS The recently-characterized heart-specific overexpression of human short CLC-3 isoform (hsCLC-3(OE)) mice was used to study the effects of CLC-3 up-regulation on cardiac electrophysiology under ischemia/reperfusion conditions. In vivo surface electrocardiography (ECG) and intracardiac electrophysiology (ICEP) were used to compare the electrophysiological properties of age-matched wild-type (Clcn3(+/+)) and hsCLC-3(OE) mice under control and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion conditions. RESULTS QT and QTc intervals of hsCLC-3(OE) mice were significantly shorter than those of Clcn3(+/+) mice under control, ischemia and reperfusion conditions. In the ICEP, ventricular effective refractory period (VERP) of hsCLC-3(OE) mice (26.7±1.7ms, n=6) was significantly shorter than that of Clcn3(+/+) mice (36.9±2.8ms, n=8, P<0.05). Under ischemia condition, both VERP (19.8±1.3ms) and atrial effective refractory period (AERP, 34.8±2.5ms) of hsCLC-3(OE) mice were significantly shorter than those of Clcn3(+/+) mice (35.2±3.0ms and 45.8±1.6ms, P<0.01, respectively). Wenckebach atrioventricular nodal block point (AVBP, 91.13±4.08ms) and 2:1 AVBP (71.3±3.8ms) of hsCLC-3(OE) mice were significantly shorter than those of Clcn3(+/+) mice (102.0±2.0ms and 84.1±2.8ms, P<0.05, respectively). However, no differences of ICEP parameters between hsCLC-3(OE) and Clcn3(+/+) mice were observed under reperfusion conditions. CONCLUSION Heart-specific overexpression of hsCLC-3 limited the ischemia-induced QT and ERP prolongation and postponed the advancements of Wenckebach and 2:1 AVBP. CLC-3 up-regulation may serve as an important adaptive mechanism against myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phenomics, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0318, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0318, USA
| | - Linda Ye
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phenomics, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0318, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0318, USA
| | - Yi-Gang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Dean J Burkin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0318, USA
| | - Dayue Darrel Duan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phenomics, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0318, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0318, USA.
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Liu CZ, Li XY, Du RH, Gao M, Ma MM, Li FY, Huang EW, Sun HS, Wang GL, Guan YY. Endophilin A2 Influences Volume-Regulated Chloride Current by Mediating ClC-3 Trafficking in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Circ J 2016; 80:2397-2406. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-16-0793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Can-Zhao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Xiang-Yu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Ren-Hong Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Ming-Ming Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Fei-Ya Li
- Departments of Surgery and Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
| | - Er-Wen Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Departments of Surgery and Physiology, Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
| | - Guan-Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
| | - Yong-Yuan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
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Ye Z, Wu MM, Wang CY, Li YC, Yu CJ, Gong YF, Zhang J, Wang QS, Song BL, Yu K, Hartzell HC, Duan DD, Zhao D, Zhang ZR. Characterization of Cardiac Anoctamin1 Ca²⁺-Activated Chloride Channels and Functional Role in Ischemia-Induced Arrhythmias. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:337-46. [PMID: 24962810 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Anoctamin1 (ANO1) encodes a Ca(2+)-activated chloride (Cl(-)) channel (CaCC) in variety tissues of many species. Whether ANO1 expresses and functions as a CaCC in cardiomyocytes remain unknown. The objective of this study is to characterize the molecular and functional expression of ANO1 in cardiac myocytes and the role of ANO1-encoded CaCCs in ischemia-induced arrhythmias in the heart. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining assays, and immunohistochemistry identified the molecular expression, location, and distribution of ANO1 in mouse ventricular myocytes (mVMs). Patch-clamp recordings combined with pharmacological analyses found that ANO1 was responsible for a Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) current (I(Cl.Ca)) in cardiomyocytes. Myocardial ischemia led to a significant increase in the current density of I(Cl.Ca), which was inhibited by a specific ANO1 inhibitor, T16A(inh)-A01, and an antibody targeting at the pore area of ANO1. Moreover, cardiomyocytes isolated from mice with ischemia-induced arrhythmias had an accelerated early phase 1 repolarization of action potentials (APs) and a deeper "spike and dome" compared to control cardiomyocytes from non-ischemia mice. Application of the antibody targeting at ANO1 pore prevented the ischemia-induced early phase 1 repolarization acceleration and caused a much shallower "spike and dome". We conclude that ANO1 encodes CaCC and plays a significant role in the phase 1 repolarization of APs in mVMs. The ischemia-induced increase in ANO1 expression may be responsible for the increased density of I(Cl.Ca) in the ischemic heart and may contribute, at least in part, to ischemia-induced arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ye
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Ming Wu
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yu Wang
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Chao Li
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Jiang Yu
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Feng Gong
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Shi Wang
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Bin-Lin Song
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - H Criss Hartzell
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Dayue Darrel Duan
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phenomics, Department of Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Dan Zhao
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Ren Zhang
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Key Laboratories of Education Ministry for Myocardial Ischemia Mechanism and Treatment, Harbin, P. R. China
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12
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Tao J, Liu CZ, Yang J, Xie ZZ, Ma MM, Li XY, Li FY, Wang GL, Zhou JG, Du YH, Guan YY. ClC-3 deficiency prevents atherosclerotic lesion development in ApoE−/− mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 87:237-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Huang LY, He Q, Liang SJ, Su YX, Xiong LX, Wu QQ, Wu QY, Tao J, Wang JP, Tang YB, Lv XF, Liu J, Guan YY, Pang RP, Zhou JG. ClC-3 chloride channel/antiporter defect contributes to inflammatory bowel disease in humans and mice. Gut 2014; 63:1587-95. [PMID: 24440986 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ClC-3 channel/antiporter plays a critical role in a variety of cellular activities. ClC-3 has been detected in the ileum and colon. OBJECTIVE To determine the functions of ClC-3 in the gastrointestinal tract. DESIGN After administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS), intestines from ClC-3-/- and wild-type mice were examined by histological, cellular, molecular and biochemical approaches. ClC-3 expression was determined by western blot and immunostaining. RESULTS ClC-3 expression was reduced in intestinal tissues from patients with UC or Crohn's disease and from mice treated with DSS. Genetic deletion of ClC-3 increased the susceptibility of mice to DSS- or TNBS-induced experimental colitis and prevented intestinal recovery. ClC-3 deficiency promoted DSS-induced apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells through the mitochondria pathway. ClC-3 interacts with voltage-dependent anion channel 1, a key player in regulation of mitochondria cytochrome c release, but DSS treatment decreased this interaction. In addition, lack of ClC-3 reduced the numbers of Paneth cells and impaired the expression of antimicrobial peptides. These alterations led to dysfunction of the epithelial barrier and invasion of commensal bacteria into the mucosa. CONCLUSIONS A defect in ClC-3 may contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD by promoting intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and Paneth cell loss, suggesting that modulation of ClC-3 expression might be a new strategy for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiagsu, China
| | - Qing He
- Gastrointestinal Institute, the 6th Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Si-Jia Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Xue Su
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Xiong Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin-Yan Wu
- Gastrointestinal Institute, the 6th Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Ping Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The 6th Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Bo Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Yuan Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui-Ping Pang
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Guo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medcine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Zhang H, Li H, Yang L, Deng Z, Luo H, Ye D, Bai Z, Zhu L, Ye W, Wang L, Chen L. The ClC-3 chloride channel associated with microtubules is a target of paclitaxel in its induced-apoptosis. Sci Rep 2014; 3:2615. [PMID: 24026363 PMCID: PMC3770968 DOI: 10.1038/srep02615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidences show that cationic fluxes play a pivotal role in cell apoptosis. In this study, the roles of Cl− channels in paclitaxel-induced apoptosis were investigated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells. Chloride current and apoptosis were induced by paclitaxel and inhibited by chloride channel blockers. Paclitaxel-activated current possessed similar properties to volume-activated chloride current. After ClC-3 was knocked-down by ClC-3-siRNA, hypotonicity-activated and paclitaxel-induced chloride currents were obviously decreased, indicating that the chloride channel involved in paclitaxel-induced apoptosis may be ClC-3. In early apoptotic cells, ClC-3 was up-regulated significantly; over-expressed ClC-3 was accumulated in cell membrane to form intercrossed filaments, which were co-localized with α-tubulins; changes of ultrastructures and decrease of flexibility in cell membrane were detected by atomic force microscopy. These suggest that ClC-3 is a critical target of paclitaxel and the involvement of ClC-3 in apoptosis may be associated with its accumulation with membrane microtubules and its over activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Zhang
- 1] Department of Physiology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China [2] Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China [3]
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15
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Jiang S, Streeter J, Schickling BM, Zimmerman K, Weiss RM, Miller FJ. Nox1 NADPH oxidase is necessary for late but not early myocardial ischaemic preconditioning. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 102:79-87. [PMID: 24501329 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) is an adaptive mechanism that renders the myocardium resistant to injury from subsequent hypoxia. Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to both the early and late phases of IPC, their enzymatic source and associated signalling events have not yet been understood completely. Our objective was to investigate the role of the Nox1 NADPH oxidase in cardioprotection provided by IPC. METHODS AND RESULTS Wild-type (WT) and Nox1-deficient mice were treated with three cycles of brief coronary occlusion and reperfusion, followed by prolonged occlusion either immediately (early IPC) or after 24 h (late IPC). Nox1 deficiency had no impact on the cardioprotection afforded by early IPC. In contrast, deficiency of Nox1 during late IPC resulted in a larger infarct size, cardiac remodelling, and increased myocardial apoptosis compared with WT hearts. Furthermore, expression of Nox1 in WT hearts increased in response to late IPC. Deficiency of Nox1 abrogated late IPC-mediated activation of cardiac nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and induction of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the heart and circulation. Finally, knockdown of Nox1 in cultured cardiomyocytes prevented TNF-α induction of NF-κB and the protective effect of IPC on hypoxia-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify a critical role for Nox1 in late IPC and define a previously unrecognized link between TNF-α and NF-κB in mediating tolerance to myocardial injury. These findings have clinical significance considering the emergence of Nox1 inhibitors for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospital, 285 Newton Rd., Room 2269 CBRB, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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16
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Orlov SN, Platonova AA, Hamet P, Grygorczyk R. Cell volume and monovalent ion transporters: their role in cell death machinery triggering and progression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 305:C361-72. [PMID: 23615964 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00040.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell death is accompanied by the dissipation of electrochemical gradients of monovalent ions across the plasma membrane that, in turn, affects cell volume via modulation of intracellular osmolyte content. In numerous cell types, apoptotic and necrotic stimuli caused cell shrinkage and swelling, respectively. Thermodynamics predicts a cell type-specific rather than an ubiquitous impact of monovalent ion transporters on volume perturbations in dying cells, suggesting their diverse roles in the cell death machinery. Indeed, recent data showed that apoptotic collapse may occur in the absence of cell volume changes and even follow cell swelling rather than shrinkage. Moreover, side-by-side with cell volume adjustment, monovalent ion transporters contribute to cell death machinery engagement independently of volume regulation via cell type-specific signaling pathways. Thus, inhibition of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase by cardiotonic steroids (CTS) rescues rat vascular smooth muscle cells from apoptosis via a novel Na(+)i-K(+)i-mediated, Ca(2+)i-independent mechanism of excitation-transcription coupling. In contrast, CTS kill renal epithelial cells independently of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase inhibition and increased [Na(+)]i/[K(+)]i ratio. The molecular origin of [Na(+)]i/[K(+)]i sensors involved in the inhibition of apoptosis as well as upstream intermediates of Na(+)i/K(+)i-independent death signaling triggered by CTS remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei N Orlov
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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17
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Yang H, Huang LY, Zeng DY, Huang EW, Liang SJ, Tang YB, Su YX, Tao J, Shang F, Wu QQ, Xiong LX, Lv XF, Liu J, Guan YY, Zhou JG. Decrease of Intracellular Chloride Concentration Promotes Endothelial Cell Inflammation by Activating Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway. Hypertension 2012; 60:1287-93. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.112.198648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Lin-Yan Huang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - De-Yi Zeng
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Er-Wen Huang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Si-Jia Liang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Yong-Bo Tang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Ying-Xue Su
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Jing Tao
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Fei Shang
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Qian-Qian Wu
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Li-Xiong Xiong
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Xiao-Fei Lv
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Jie Liu
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Yong-Yuan Guan
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
| | - Jia-Guo Zhou
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebral Vascular Research Center (H.Y., L.-Y.H., D.-Y.Z., E-W.H., S.-J.L., Y.-B.T., Y.-X.S., J.T., F.S., Q.-Q.W., L.-X.X., X.-F.L., J.L., Y.-Y.G., J.-G.Z.), and Department of Forensic Pathology (E.-W.H.), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Cardiovascular Institute of Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China (H.Y.); Guangzhou Forensic Science
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Munoz C, Sopjani M, Dërmaku-Sopjani M, Almilaji A, Föller M, Lang F. Downregulation of the osmolyte transporters SMIT and BGT1 by AMP-activated protein kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 422:358-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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