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Yadav N, Chauhan VS. Advancements in peptide-based antimicrobials: A possible option for emerging drug-resistant infections. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 333:103282. [PMID: 39276418 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, multidrug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms (MDROs) have emerged as a severe threat to human health, exhibiting robust resistance to traditional antibiotics. This has created a formidable challenge in modern medicine as we grapple with limited options to combat these resilient bacteria. Despite extensive efforts by scientists to develop new antibiotics targeting these pathogens, the quest for novel antibacterial molecules has become increasingly arduous. Fortunately, nature offers a potential solution in the form of cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and their synthetic counterparts. AMPs, naturally occurring peptides, have displayed promising efficacy in fighting bacterial infections by disrupting bacterial cell membranes, hindering their survival and reproduction. These peptides, along with their synthetic mimics, present an exciting alternative in combating antibiotic resistance. They hold the potential to emerge as a formidable tool against MDROs, offering hope for improved strategies to protect communities. Extensive research has explored the diversity, history, and structure-properties relationship of AMPs, investigating their amphiphilic nature for membrane disruption and mechanisms of action. However, despite their therapeutic promise, AMPs face several documented limitations. Among these challenges, poor pharmacokinetic properties stand out, impeding the attainment of therapeutic levels in the body. Additionally, some AMPs exhibit toxicity and susceptibility to protease cleavage, leading to a short half-life and reduced efficacy in animal models. These limitations pose obstacles in developing effective treatments based on AMPs. Furthermore, the high manufacturing costs associated with AMPs could significantly hinder their widespread use. In this review, we aim to present experimental and theoretical insights into different AMPs, focusing specifically on antibacterial peptides (ABPs). Our goal is to offer a concise overview of peptide-based drug candidates, drawing from a wide array of literature and peer-reviewed studies. We also explore recent advancements in AMP development and discuss the challenges researchers face in moving these molecules towards clinical trials. Our main objective is to offer a comprehensive overview of current AMP and ABP research to guide the development of more precise and effective therapies for bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Yadav
- Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India; Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; Biotide Solutions LLP, B-23, Geetanjali Enclave, Malviya Nagar, New Delhi 110017, India.
| | - Virander S Chauhan
- Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Gandhi Nagar, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India; Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; Biotide Solutions LLP, B-23, Geetanjali Enclave, Malviya Nagar, New Delhi 110017, India.
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2
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Esposito TVF, Blackadar C, Wu L, Rodríguez-Rodríguez C, Haney EF, Pletzer D, Saatchi K, Hancock REW, Häfeli UO. Biodistribution of Native and Nanoformulated Innate Defense Regulator Peptide 1002. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2751-2766. [PMID: 38693707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Innate defense regulator-1002 (IDR-1002) is a synthetic peptide with promising immunomodulatory and antibiofilm properties. An appreciable body of work exists around its mechanism of action at the cellular and molecular level, along with its efficacy across several infection and inflammation models. However, little is known about its absorption, distribution, and excretion in live organisms. Here, we performed a comprehensive biodistribution assessment with a gallium-67 radiolabeled derivative of IDR-1002 using nuclear tracing techniques. Various dose levels of the radiotracer (2-40 mg/kg) were administered into the blood, peritoneal cavity, and subcutaneous tissue, or instilled into the lungs. The peptide was well tolerated at all subcutaneous and intraperitoneal doses, although higher levels were associated with delayed absorption kinetics and precipitation of the peptide within the tissues. Low intratracheal doses were rapidly absorbed systemically, and small increases in the dose level were lethal. Intravenous doses were rapidly cleared from the blood at lower levels, and upon escalation, were toxic with a high proportion of the dose accumulating within the lung tissue. To improve biocompatibility and prolong its circulation within the blood, IDR-1002 was further formulated onto high molecular weight hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) polymers. Constructs prepared at 5:1 and 10:1 peptide-to-polymer ratios were colloidally stable, maintained the biological profile of the peptide payload and helped reduce red blood cell lysis. The 5:1 construct circulated well in the blood, but higher peptide loading was associated with rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system. Many peptides face pharmacokinetic and biocompatibility challenges, but formulations such as those with HPG have the potential to overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tullio V F Esposito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Colin Blackadar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lan Wu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road No. 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Evan F Haney
- Centre for Microbial Disease and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
- Asep Medical Holdings, 420 - 730 View Street, Victoria V8W 3Y7, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Centre for Microbial Disease and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Katayoun Saatchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Disease and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1172, Denmark
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3
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Yin R, Wan P, Guo Z, Yi X, Zhang P, Shen W, Chen L, Xiao C, Chen X. Enzyme-responsive oncolytic polypeptide for tumor therapy. Acta Biomater 2024; 181:415-424. [PMID: 38704115 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Host defense peptide-mimicking cationic oncolytic polymers have attracted increasing attention for cancer treatment in recent years. However, polymers with large amounts of positive charge may cause rapid clearance and severe off-target toxicity. To facilitate in vivo application, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-responsive oncolytic polypeptide precursor (C12-PLL/PA) has been reported in this work. C12-PLL/PA could be hydrolyzed into the active form of the oncolytic polypeptide (C12-PLL) by the extracellular alkaline phosphatase within solid tumors, thereby resulting in the conversion of the negative charge to positive charge and restoring its membrane-lytic activity. Detailed mechanistic studies showed that C12-PLL/PA could effectively destroy cancer cell membranes and subsequently result in rapid necrosis of cancer cells. More importantly, C12-PLL/PA significantly inhibited the tumor growth in the 4T1 orthotopic breast tumor model with negligible side effects. In summary, these findings demonstrated that the shielding of the amino groups with phosphate groups represents a secure and effective strategy to develop cationic oncolytic polypeptide, which represents a valuable reference for the design of enzyme-activated oncolytic polymers. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Recently, there has been a growing interest in fabricating host defense peptide-mimicking cationic oncolytic polymers for cancer therapy. However, there remain concerns about the tumor selectivity and off-target toxicity of these cationic polymers. In this study, an alkaline phosphatase-responsive oncolytic polypeptide precursor (C12-PLL/PA) has been developed to selectively target cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that C12-PLL/PA effectively disrupted cancer cell membranes, leading to rapid necrosis. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed promising anticancer activity and reliable safety of C12-PLL/PA. The findings suggest that this synthetic enzyme-responsive polypeptide holds potential as a tumor-specific oncolytic polymer, paving the way for future applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renyong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Penqi Wan
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Zhihui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Xuan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Wei Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, PR China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, PR China.
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de la Fuente-Nunez C, Cesaro A, Hancock REW. Antibiotic failure: Beyond antimicrobial resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 71:101012. [PMID: 37924726 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant progress in antibiotic discovery, millions of lives are lost annually to infections. Surprisingly, the failure of antimicrobial treatments to effectively eliminate pathogens frequently cannot be attributed to genetically-encoded antibiotic resistance. This review aims to shed light on the fundamental mechanisms contributing to clinical scenarios where antimicrobial therapies are ineffective (i.e., antibiotic failure), emphasizing critical factors impacting this under-recognized issue. Explored aspects include biofilm formation and sepsis, as well as the underlying microbiome. Therapeutic strategies beyond antibiotics, are examined to address the dimensions and resolution of antibiotic failure, actively contributing to this persistent but escalating crisis. We discuss the clinical relevance of antibiotic failure beyond resistance, limited availability of therapies, potential of new antibiotics to be ineffective, and the urgent need for novel anti-infectives or host-directed therapies directly addressing antibiotic failure. Particularly noteworthy is multidrug adaptive resistance in biofilms that represent 65 % of infections, due to the lack of approved therapies. Sepsis, responsible for 19.7 % of all deaths (as well as severe COVID-19 deaths), is a further manifestation of this issue, since antibiotics are the primary frontline therapy, and yet 23 % of patients succumb to this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Angela Cesaro
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Institute for Computational Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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Sebők C, Tráj P, Mackei M, Márton RA, Vörösházi J, Kemény Á, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Modulation of the immune response by the host defense peptide IDR-1002 in chicken hepatic cell culture. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14530. [PMID: 37666888 PMCID: PMC10477227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IDR-1002, a synthetic host defense peptide (HDP), appears to be a potential candidate for the treatment of bacterial infections and the consequent inflammatory response due to its potent immunomodulatory activity. This is of relevance to the emerging issue of antimicrobial resistance in the farming sector. In this study, the effects of IDR-1002 were investigated on a chicken hepatocyte‒non-parenchymal cell co-culture, and the results revealed that IDR-1002 had complex effects on the regulation of the hepatic innate immunity. IDR-1002 increased the levels of both RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted) and Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), suggesting the peptide plays a role in the modulation of macrophage differentiation, also reflected by the reduced concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. The pro-inflammatory cytokine release triggered by the bacterial cell wall component lipoteichoic acid (LTA) was ameliorated by the concomitantly applied IDR-1002 based on the levels of IL-6, chicken chemotactic and angiogenic factor (CXCLi2) and interferon (IFN)-γ. Moreover, the production of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an essential transcription factor in the antioxidant defense pathway, was increased after IDR-1002 exposure, while protein carbonyl (PC) levels were also elevated. These findings suggest that IDR-1002 affects the interplay of the cellular immune response and redox homeostasis, thus the peptide represents a promising tool in the treatment of bacterially induced inflammation in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
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Pavlicevic M, Marmiroli N, Maestri E. Immunomodulatory peptides-A promising source for novel functional food production and drug discovery. Peptides 2022; 148:170696. [PMID: 34856531 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunomodulatory peptides are a complex class of bioactive peptides that encompasses substances with different mechanisms of action. Immunomodulatory peptides could also be used in vaccines as adjuvants which would be extremely desirable, especially in response to pandemics. Thus, immunomodulatory peptides in food of plant origin could be regarded both as valuable suplements of novel functional food preparation and/or as precursors or possible active ingredients for drugs design for treatment variety of conditions arising from impaired function of immune system. Given variety of mechanisms, different tests are required to assess effects of immunomodulatory peptides. Some of those effects show good correlation with in vivo results but others, less so. Certain plant peptides, such as defensins, show both immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effect, which makes them interesting candidates for preparation of functional food and feed, as well as templates for design of synthetic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Pavlicevic
- Institute for Food Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nelson Marmiroli
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, and Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Maestri
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, and Interdepartmental Center SITEIA.PARMA, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy.
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Cai J, Li X, Du H, Jiang C, Xu S, Cao Y. Immunomodulatory significance of natural peptides in mammalians: Promising agents for medical application. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151936. [PMID: 32209241 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.151936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Modulation of immune responses by immunoregulatory agents, such as the natural or synthetic immunomodulatory peptides, has been suggested as a potential strategy to modulate immune system against infection and other immune-related diseases. These compositionally simple peptides have attracted much attention for many drug developers, due to their high activity, low toxicity and clear target specificity. Host defence peptides and milk-derived peptides are two kinds of natural immunomodulatory peptides which have been widely studied in mammalians. They could participate at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity by regulating immune effector cells. This review summarizes the recent advances in host defence peptides and milk-derived peptides as well as their general characteristics, immunomodulatory functions and possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongming Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengfei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siliang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004, Jiangsu, China.
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Mookherjee N, Anderson MA, Haagsman HP, Davidson DJ. Antimicrobial host defence peptides: functions and clinical potential. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:311-332. [DOI: 10.1038/s41573-019-0058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Qin S, Xu K, Nie B, Ji F, Zhang H. Approaches based on passive and active antibacterial coating on titanium to achieve antibacterial activity. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 106:2531-2539. [PMID: 29603857 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely applied as orthopedic implants for hip and knee prosthesis, fixation, and dental implants. However, Ti and its alloys are bioinert and susceptible to bacteria and biofilm formation. Strategies for improving the antibacterial properties of Ti can be divided into two approaches, namely, passive coating and active coating on the Ti surface. Passive coating on Ti mainly kills the bacteria in contact but does not kill plankton or bacteria dwell in the bone tissue around the Ti implant. Active coating mainly involves the release of antibacterial agents to kill the bacteria, but this may result in the development of bacterial resistance. Both strategies include advantages and disadvantages. This article reviews the current and potential future approaches for improving antibacterial activity on Ti. We mainly focus on current approaches for fabricating antibacterial Ti and its limitations and countermeasures, and provide direction for further studies of biofunctionalization of Ti with antibacterial properties. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A:2531-2539, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai hospital Affiliated to the Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai hospital Affiliated to the Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Binen Nie
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai hospital Affiliated to the Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai hospital Affiliated to the Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Wasan EK, Syeda J, Strom S, Cawthray J, Hancock RE, Wasan KM, Gerdts V. A lipidic delivery system of a triple vaccine adjuvant enhances mucosal immunity following nasal administration in mice. Vaccine 2019; 37:1503-1515. [PMID: 30739796 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We previously developed an highly efficacious combination adjuvant comprised of innate defense regulator (IDR)-1002 peptide, poly(I:C) and polyphosphazene (TriAdj). Here we aimed to design and test the in vivo efficacy of a mucoadhesive nasal formulation of this adjuvant. To determine the physical properties of the formulation, the effect of addition of each individual component was characterised by gel electrophoresis and fluorescence quenching using rhodamine-poly(I:C). Cationic liposomes comprised of didodecyl dimethylammonium bromide (DDAB), dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) (50:50 or 75:25 mol:mol) and DDAB, L-α-phosphatidylcholine (egg PC) and DOPE (40:50:10 mol:mol:mol) were prepared by the thin-film extrusion method. The liposomes and TriAdj were combined by simple mixing. The formed complex (L-TriAdj) was characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and mucin interactions. We found that IDR-1002 peptide, polyphosphazene and poly(I:C) self-assembled in solution forming an anionic complex. Exposure of RAW267.4 mouse macrophage cells to TriAdj alone vs. L-TriAdj indicated that DDAB/DOPE (50:50) and DDAB/EPC/cholesterol (40:50:10) complexation reduced TriAdj toxicity. Next, TriAdj-containing cationic liposomes were prepared at several molar ratios to determine optimal size, stability and desired positive charge. Transmission electron microscopy showed rearrangement of lipid structures on binding of liposomes to TriAdj and to mucin. Stable particles (<200 nm over 24 h) showed mucin binding of DDAB/DOPE + TriAdj was greater than DDAB/EPC/DOPE + TriAdj. To verify in vivo efficacy, mice were administered the DDAB/DOPE + TriAdj complex intranasally with ovalbumin as the antigen, and the immunogenic response was measured by ELISA (serum IgG1, IgG2a, IgA) and ELISpot assays (splenocyte IL-5, IFN-γ). Mice administered adjuvant showed a significantly greater immune response with L-TriAdj than TriAdj alone, with a dose-response proportionate to the triple adjuvant content, and an overall balanced Th1/Th2 immune response representing both systemic and mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen K Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Jaweria Syeda
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Stacy Strom
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Cawthray
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Robert E Hancock
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kishor M Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Volker Gerdts
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre, VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
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11
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Hilchie AL, Hoskin DW, Power Coombs MR. Anticancer Activities of Natural and Synthetic Peptides. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1117:131-147. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3588-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Characterization of Host Responses during Pseudomonas aeruginosa Acute Infection in the Lungs and Blood and after Treatment with the Synthetic Immunomodulatory Peptide IDR-1002. Infect Immun 2018; 87:IAI.00661-18. [PMID: 30323028 PMCID: PMC6300642 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00661-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial pneumonia and infects patients with cystic fibrosis. P. aeruginosa lung infections are difficult to treat due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and strains with multidrug resistance are becoming more prevalent. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial pneumonia and infects patients with cystic fibrosis. P. aeruginosa lung infections are difficult to treat due to bacterial resistance to antibiotics, and strains with multidrug resistance are becoming more prevalent. Here, we examined the use of a small host defense peptide, innate defense regulator 1002 (IDR-1002), in an acute P. aeruginosa lung infection in vivo. IDR-1002 significantly reduced the bacterial burden in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as MCP-1 in BALF and serum, KC in serum, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in BALF. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) was conducted on lungs and whole blood, and the effects of P. aeruginosa, IDR-1002, and the combination of P. aeruginosa and IDR-1002 were evaluated. Differential gene expression analysis showed that P. aeruginosa increased multiple inflammatory and innate immune pathways, as well as affected hemostasis, matrix metalloproteinases, collagen biosynthesis, and various metabolism pathways in the lungs and/or blood. Infected mice treated with IDR-1002 had significant changes in gene expression compared to untreated infected mice, with fewer differentially expressed genes associated with the inflammatory and innate immune responses to microbial infection, and treatment also affected morphogenesis, certain metabolic pathways, and lymphocyte activation. Overall, these results showed that IDR-1002 was effective in treating P. aeruginosa acute lung infections and associated inflammation.
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Yanashima K, Chieosilapatham P, Yoshimoto E, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Niyonsaba F. Innate defense regulator IDR-1018 activates human mast cells through G protein-, phospholipase C-, MAPK- and NF-ĸB-sensitive pathways. Immunol Res 2018; 65:920-931. [PMID: 28653285 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-017-8932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Host defense (antimicrobial) peptides not only display antimicrobial activities against numerous pathogens but also exert a broader spectrum of immune-modulating functions. Innate defense regulators (IDRs) are a class of host defense peptides synthetically developed from natural or endogenous cationic host defense peptides. Of the IDRs developed to date, IDR-1018 is more efficient not only in killing bacteria but also in regulating the various functions of macrophages and neutrophils and accelerating the wound healing process. Because mast cells intimately participate in wound healing and a number of host defense peptides involved in wound healing are also known to activate mast cells, this study aimed to investigate the effects of IDR-1018 on mast cell activation. Here, we showed that IDR-1018 induced the degranulation of LAD2 human mast cells and caused their production of leukotrienes, prostaglandins and various cytokines and chemokines, including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and -3, macrophage-inflammatory protein-1α and -1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Furthermore, IDR-1018 increased intracellular calcium mobilization and induced mast cell chemotaxis. The mast cell activation was markedly suppressed by pertussis toxin, U-73122, U0126, SB203580, JNK inhibitor II, and NF-κB activation inhibitor II, suggesting the involvement of G-protein, phospholipase C, ERK, p38, JNK and NF-κB pathways, respectively, in IDR-1018-induced mast cell activation. Notably, we confirmed that IDR-1018 caused the phosphorylation of MAPKs and IκB. Altogether, the current study suggests a novel immunomodulatory role of IDR-1018 through its ability to recruit and activate human mast cells at the sites of inflammation and wounds. HIGHLIGHTS We report that IDR-1018 stimulates various functions of human mast cells. IDR-1018-induced mast cell activation is mediated through G protein, PLC, MAPK and NF-κB pathways. IDR-1018 will be a useful therapeutic agent for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Yanashima
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Panjit Chieosilapatham
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Yoshimoto
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - François Niyonsaba
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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Sadat SM, Snider M, Garg R, Brownlie R, van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S. Local innate responses and protective immunity after intradermal immunization with bovine viral diarrhea virus E2 protein formulated with a combination adjuvant in cattle. Vaccine 2017; 35:3466-3473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Huante-Mendoza A, Silva-García O, Oviedo-Boyso J, Hancock REW, Baizabal-Aguirre VM. Peptide IDR-1002 Inhibits NF-κB Nuclear Translocation by Inhibition of IκBα Degradation and Activates p38/ERK1/2-MSK1-Dependent CREB Phosphorylation in Macrophages Stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide. Front Immunol 2016; 7:533. [PMID: 27933067 PMCID: PMC5122595 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response is a critical molecular defense mechanism of the innate immune system that mediates the elimination of disease-causing bacteria. Repair of the damaged tissue, and the reestablishment of homeostasis, must be accomplished after elimination of the pathogen. The innate defense regulators (IDRs) are short cationic peptides that mimic natural host defense peptides and are effective in eliminating pathogens by enhancing the activity of the immune system while controlling the inflammatory response. Although the role of different IDRs as modulators of inflammation has been reported, there have been only limited studies of the signaling molecules regulated by this type of peptide. The present study investigated the effect of IDR-1002 on nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) transcription factors that are responsible for triggering and controlling inflammation, respectively, in macrophages. We found that TNF-α and COX-2 expression, IκBα phosphorylation, and NF-κB nuclear translocation were strongly inhibited in macrophages pre-incubated with IDR-1002 and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IDR-1002 also increased CREB phosphorylation at Ser133 via activation of the p38/ERK1/2–MSK1 signaling pathways without detectable expression of the cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 involved is suppressing inflammation or alternative activation. Transcriptional activation of NF-κB and CREB is known to require interaction with the transcriptional coactivator CREB-binding protein (CBP). To test for CBP–NF-κB and CBP–CREB complex formation, we performed co-immunoprecipitation assays. These assays showed that IDR-1002 inhibited the interaction between CBP and NF-κB in macrophages stimulated with LPS, which might explain the inhibition of TNF-α and COX-2 expression. Furthermore, the complex between CBP and CREB in macrophages stimulated with IDR-1002 was also inhibited, which might explain why IDR-1002 did not lead to expression of IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13, even though it induced an increase in phospho-CREB relative abundance. In conclusion, our results indicated that IDR-1002 has a dual effect. On one hand, it inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation through a mechanism that involved inhibition of IκBα phosphorylation, and on the other, it activated a protein kinase signaling cascade that phosphorylated CREB to selectively influence cytokine gene expression. Based on these results, we think IDR-1002 could be a potential good biopharmaceutical candidate to control inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Huante-Mendoza
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Morelia, Michoacán , México
| | - Octavio Silva-García
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Morelia, Michoacán , México
| | - Javier Oviedo-Boyso
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Morelia, Michoacán , México
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Víctor M Baizabal-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo , Morelia, Michoacán , México
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Haney EF, Mansour SC, Hilchie AL, de la Fuente-Núñez C, Hancock REW. High throughput screening methods for assessing antibiofilm and immunomodulatory activities of synthetic peptides. Peptides 2015; 71:276-85. [PMID: 25836992 PMCID: PMC4581888 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The recent observation that certain cationic peptides possess potent antibiofilm activity demonstrated that small peptides could be used to treat biofilm-associated infections. Other so-called innate defense regulator peptides possess potent immunomodulatory properties such as leukocyte recruitment and suppression of harmful inflammation. A peptide that directly targets biofilm cells while favorably modulating the immune response would be particularly advantageous for treating serious skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. In the present work, using SPOT-synthesized peptide arrays on cellulose membranes, we outline a strategy for systematically assessing the antibiofilm activity of hundreds of IDR-1002 (VQRWLIVWRIRK-NH2) and IDR-HH2 (VQLRIRVAVIRA-NH2) peptide variants against MRSA biofilms. In addition, the ability of these peptides to stimulate production of a monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and suppress LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-1β production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was evaluated. These results informed the synthesis of second-generation peptides resulting in a new peptide, IDR-2009 (KWRLLIRWRIQK-NH2), with enhanced MCP-1 stimulatory activity, favorable IL-1β suppression characteristics and strong antibiofilm activity against MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. This work provides a proof-of-concept that multiple peptide activities can be optimized simultaneously to generate novel sequences that possess a variety of biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan F Haney
- Center for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah C Mansour
- Center for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ashley L Hilchie
- Center for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - César de la Fuente-Núñez
- Center for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Center for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Madera L, Hancock REW. Anti-infective peptide IDR-1002 augments monocyte chemotaxis towards CCR5 chemokines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:800-6. [PMID: 26168734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Innate defense regulator (IDR) peptides are a class of immunomodulators which enhance and modulate host innate immune responses against microbial pathogens. While IDR-mediated protection against a range of bacterial pathogens is dependent on enhanced monocyte recruitment to the site of infection, the mechanisms through which they increase monocyte trafficking remain unclear. In this study, anti-infective peptide IDR-1002 was shown to enhance monocyte chemotaxis towards chemokines CCL3 and CCL5. This enhancement correlated with the selective upregulation of CCR5 surface expression by peptide-treated monocytes. It was found that IDR-1002 enhancement of monocyte chemotaxis was fully dependent on CCR5 function. Furthermore, IDR-1002 enhanced chemokine-induced monocyte p38 MAPK phosphorylation in a CCR5-dependent fashion. Overall, these results indicate that peptide IDR-1002 can selectively influence monocyte recruitment by host chemokines through the regulation of chemokine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Madera
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Robert E W Hancock
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 2259 Lower Mall Research Station, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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18
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Host defense peptides: front-line immunomodulators. Trends Immunol 2014; 35:443-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2014.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Immune modulation by multifaceted cationic host defense (antimicrobial) peptides. Nat Chem Biol 2013; 9:761-8. [DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Haney EF, Hancock R(BE. Peptide design for antimicrobial and immunomodulatory applications. Biopolymers 2013; 100:572-83. [PMID: 23553602 PMCID: PMC3932157 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The increasing threat of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria and the dwindling supply of antibiotics available to combat these infections poses a significant threat to human health throughout the world. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have long been touted as the next generation of antibiotics capable of filling the anti-infective void. Unfortunately, peptide-based antibiotics have yet to realize their potential as novel pharmaceuticals, in spite of the immense number of known AMP sequences and our improved understanding of their antibacterial mechanism of action. Recently, the immunomodulatory properties of certain AMPs have become appreciated. The ability of small synthetic peptides to protect against infection in vivo has demonstrated that modulation of the innate immune response is an effective strategy to further develop peptides as novel anti-infectives. This review focuses on the screening methods that have been used to assess novel peptide sequences for their antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. It will also examine how we have progressed in our ability to identify and optimize peptides with desired biological characteristics and enhanced therapeutic potential. In addition, the current challenges to the development of peptides as anti-infectives are examined and the strategies being used to overcome these issues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert (Bob) E.W. Hancock
- Corresponding author Centre for Microbial Diseases
and Immunity Research University of British Columbia 2259 Lower Mall Research
Station Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4 Canada
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Niyonsaba F, Madera L, Afacan N, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Hancock REW. The innate defense regulator peptides IDR-HH2, IDR-1002, and IDR-1018 modulate human neutrophil functions. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:159-70. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1012497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Kindrachuk J, Jenssen H, Elliott M, Nijnik A, Magrangeas-Janot L, Pasupuleti M, Thorson L, Ma S, Easton DM, Bains M, Finlay B, Breukink EJ, Georg-Sahl H, Hancock REW. Manipulation of innate immunity by a bacterial secreted peptide: lantibiotic nisin Z is selectively immunomodulatory. Innate Immun 2012; 19:315-27. [PMID: 23109507 DOI: 10.1177/1753425912461456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is triggered by a variety of bacterial molecules, resulting in both protective and potentially harmful pro-inflammatory responses. Further, innate immunity also provides a mechanism for the maintenance of homeostasis between the host immune system and symbiotic or non-pathogenic microorganisms. However, the bacterial factors that mediate these protective effects have been incompletely defined. Here, it was demonstrated that the lantiobiotic nisin Z is able to modulate host immune responses and mediate protective host immunity. Nisin Z induced the secretion of the chemokines MCP-1, IL-8 and Gro-α, and significantly reduced TNF-α induction in response to bacterial LPS in human PBMC. The results correlated with the ability of nisin Z to confer protection against both the Gram-positive organism Staphylococcus aureus, and the Gram-negatives Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium and Escherichia coli in murine challenge models. Mechanistic studies revealed that nisin Z modulates host immunity through similar mechanisms as natural host defense peptides, engaging multiple signal transduction pathways and growth factor receptors. The results presented herein demonstrate that, in addition to nisin Z, other bacterial cationic peptides and, in particular, the lantibiotics, could represent a new class of secreted bacterial molecule with immunomodulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Kindrachuk
- Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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