1
|
Amougou-Atsama M, Jean Adrien Atangana P, Noah Noah D, Fewou Moundipa P, Pineau P, Njouom R. The role of hepatitis C virus genotypes and core mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma in Cameroon. J Viral Hepat 2020; 27:880-885. [PMID: 32301239 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is known to be an important risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Cameroon. However, the effect of HCV-related factors on HCC development still remains unknown in the Central Africa. In this study, we investigated the role of HCV genotypes and core mutations in HCC development in Cameroonian patients. METHODS A case-control study was conducted using patients with HCV-related HCC and matched controls individuals with chronic HCV infection but without HCC. HCV genotypes and mutations were determined using a hemi-nested amplification and sequencing analysis focus on the core and NS5B HCV regions. RESULTS We identify HCV genotype 1, 2 and 4 in both groups. Interestingly, genotype 4 was significantly more prevalent in HCC patients (53.3%). Overall, distribution of genotypes was very different between cases and controls (P = 4.2 E-7). The risk factors analysis showed that infection with HCV-4 is strongly associated with HCC development with odd ratio, 95% confidence interval and p-values of 7.4 (95% CI: 2.08-26.6; P = .001). Furthermore, the risk of developing HCC increased even more significantly in case of infection with HCV subtype 4f with the odd ratio of 20.8 (95% CI, 4.1-66.8; P < .001). Mutations K10R, T72E, K74R and G77A were significantly more frequent in patients with HCC. Remarkably, HCV-4f isolates from HCC patients carried significantly more mutations when compared to controls with HCV-4f or others genotypes (P = .0001). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that patients infected with HCV-4f or with selected variants affecting HCV core gene are at increased risk to develop HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Fewou Moundipa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Pascal Pineau
- Unité « Organisation nucléaire et Oncogenèse », INSERM U993, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sedeno-Monge V, Vallejo-Ruiz V, Sosa-Jurado F, Santos-Lopez G. Polymorphisms in the hepatitis C virus core and its association with development of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Biosci 2018; 42:509-521. [PMID: 29358564 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-017-9695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the mechanisms underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some studies have focused on the role of HCV viral proteins in hepatocyte transformation. In this work we have compiled and analysed current articles regarding the impact of polymorphisms in the HCV core gene and protein on the development of HCC. An exhaustive search for fulltext articles until November 2016 in PubMed database was performed using the MeSH keywords: 'hepatitis C', 'polymorphisms', 'core', 'hepatocellular cancer' and 'hepatocarcinogenesis'. Nineteen full-text articles published between 2000 and 2016 were considered. Different articles associate not only the HCC development with polymorphisms at residues 70 and 91 in the core protein, but more with mortality and treatment response. Also, different polymorphisms were found in core and other viral proteins related to HCC development. Eleven articles reported that HCC development is significantly associated with Gln/His70, four associated it with Leu91 and two more associated it with both markers together. Additional studies are necessary, including those in different types of populations worldwide, to validate the possibility of the usability and influence in chronically HCV-infected patients as well as to observe their interaction with other risk factors or prognosis and genetic markers of the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Sedeno-Monge
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Popular Autonoma del Estado de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Frequency of Interferon-Resistance Conferring Substitutions in Amino Acid Positions 70 and 91 of Core Protein of the Russian HCV 1b Isolates Analyzed in the T-Cell Epitopic Context. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7685371. [PMID: 29577052 PMCID: PMC5821972 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7685371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acid substitutions R70Q/H and L91M in HCV subtype 1b core protein can affect the response to interferon and are associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. We found that the rate of R70Q/H in HCV 1b from Russia was 31.2%, similar to that in HCV strains from Asia (34.0%), higher than that in the European (18.0%, p = 0.0010), but lower than that in the US HCV 1b strains (62.8%, p < 0.0001). Substitution L91M was found in 80.4% of the Russian HCV 1b isolates, higher than in Asian isolates (43.8%, p < 0.0001). Thus, a significant proportion of Russian HCV 1b isolates carry the unfavorable R70Q/H and/or L91M substitution. In silico analysis of the epitopic structure of the regions of substitutions revealed that both harbor clusters of T-cell epitopes. Peptides encompassing these regions were predicted to bind to a panel of HLA class I molecules, with substitutions impairing peptide recognition by HLA I molecules of the alleles prevalent in Russia. This indicates that HCV 1b with R70Q/H and L91M substitutions may have evolved as the immune escape variants. Impairment of T-cell recognition may play a part in the negative effect of these substitutions on the response to IFN treatment.
Collapse
|
4
|
Phylogenetic Diversity in Core Region of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1a as a Factor Associated with Fibrosis Severity in HIV-1-Coinfected Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1728456. [PMID: 29259976 PMCID: PMC5702417 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1728456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High hepatitis C virus (HCV) genetic diversity impacts infectivity/pathogenicity, influencing chronic liver disease progression associated with fibrosis degrees and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV core protein is crucial in cell-growth regulation and host-gene expression. Liver fibrosis is accelerated by unknown mechanisms in human immunodeficiency virus-1- (HIV-1-) coinfected individuals. We aimed to study whether well-defined HCV-1a core polymorphisms and genetic heterogeneity are related to fibrosis in a highly homogeneous group of interferon-treated HIV-HCV-coinfected patients. Genetic heterogeneity was weighed by Faith's phylogenetic diversity (PD), which has been little studied in HCV. Eighteen HCV/HIV-coinfected patients presenting different liver fibrosis stages before anti-HCV treatment-initiation were recruited. Sampling at baseline and during and after treatment was performed up to 72 weeks. At inter/intrahost level, HCV-1a populations were studied using molecular cloning and Sanger sequencing. Over 400 complete HCV-1a core sequences encompassing 573 positions of C were obtained. Amino acid substitutions found previously at positions 70 and 91 of HCV-1b core region were not observed. However, HCV genetic heterogeneity was higher in mild than in severe fibrosis cases. These results suggest a potential utility of PD as a virus-related factor associated with chronic hepatitis C progression. These observations should be reassessed in larger cohorts to corroborate our findings and assess other potential covariates.
Collapse
|
5
|
Tian L, Yu Q, Gao XH, Wu J, Ma XL, Dai Q, Zhang CY, Zhou Y, Zhang YC, Pan BS, Zhou J, Fan J, Yang XR, Guo W. A new use for an old index: preoperative high-density lipoprotein predicts recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resections. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:123. [PMID: 28651644 PMCID: PMC5485717 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma has high incidence and mortality worldwide. Liver is the site of most metabolic biotransformation, which could reflect the status of cells. Most plasma apolipoproteins, endogenous lipids and lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver. Therefore, the effects of lipid metabolites on prognosis of HCC deserved to be explored. Methods We prospectively included 58 healthy donors (HD), 50 chronic hepatitis (CH) patients and a training cohort of 189 patients with HCC who underwent curative resections at Zhongshan Hospital from January 2012 to August 2012. We identified the optimal HDLPO cutoff value at 0.98 mmol/L and used it to stratify patients into low- or high-HDLPO groups for the entire cohort and four low-recurrent-risk subgroups. We also included an independent validation group of 182 HCC patients to validate this cutoff value. Prognostic values of HDLPO and other factors were determined by Kaplan–Meier curves and the Cox proportional hazards model. Results The low-HDLPO group had a higher median tumor grade (P = 0.020) and a higher recurrence rate (P = 0.032). Results of multivariate analysis showed that preoperative γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and HDLPO were independent predictors of recurrence. Moreover, the predictive value of HDLPO was retained in four low-recurrent-risk subgroups. As expected, clinicopathologic characteristics and predictive values were similar in the validation and training cohorts. Conclusions HDLPO is an accessible predictor of HCC recurrence after liver resections that can help identify patients who need more careful monitoring and follow-up care. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-017-0509-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hui Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lu Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Shen Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Rong Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cuypers L, Snoeck J, Kerremans L, Libin P, Crabbé R, Van Dooren S, Vuagniaux G, Vandamme AM. HCV1b genome evolution under selective pressure of the cyclophilin inhibitor alisporivir during the DEB-025-HCV-203 phase II clinical trial. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 44:169-181. [PMID: 27374748 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Major advances have revolutionized the HCV antiviral treatment field, with interferon-free combinations of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) resulting into success rates of >90% for all HCV genotypes. Nevertheless, viral eradication at a global level stills remains challenging, stimulating the continued search for new affordable pan-genotypic drugs. To overcome selection of drug resistant variants, targeting host proteins can be an attractive mechanism of action. Alisporivir (Debio 025) is a potent pan-genotypic host-targeting antiviral agent, acting on cyclophilin A, which is necessary for HCV replication. The efficacy and safety of three different oral doses of alisporivir in combination with pegylated interferon-α2a given over a period of four weeks, was investigated in a randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled phase IIa clinical trial, in 90 treatment-naïve subjects infected with chronic hepatitis C, wherefrom 58 HCV1b samples were selected for genetic sequencing purposes. Sequencing results were used to study the HCV genome for amino acid changes potentially related with selective pressure and resistance to alisporivir. By comparing baseline and on-treatment sequences, a large variation in proportion of amino acid changes was detected in all treatment arms. The NS5A variant D320E, which was previously identified during in vitro resistance selection and resulted in 3.6-fold reduced alisporivir susceptibility, emerged in two subjects in the alisporivir monotherapy arm. However, emergence of D320E appeared to be associated only with concurrent viral load rebound in one subject with 0.8log10IU/ml increase in HCV RNA. In general, for all datasets, low numbers of positions under positive selective pressure were observed, with no significant differences between naïve and treated sequences. Additionally, incomplete sequence information for some of the 22 patients and the low number of individuals per treatment arm, is limiting the power to assess the association of alisporivir or interferon treatment with the observed amino acid changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lize Cuypers
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Joke Snoeck
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lien Kerremans
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Pieter Libin
- Artificial Intelligence Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Raf Crabbé
- Debiopharm International S.A., Che. Messidor 5-7, P.O. Box 5911, 1002 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Sonia Van Dooren
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Grégoire Vuagniaux
- Debiopharm International S.A., Che. Messidor 5-7, P.O. Box 5911, 1002 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Anne-Mieke Vandamme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Center for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Unidade de Microbiologia, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Jungquiera 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Impact of HCV core gene quasispecies on hepatocellular carcinoma risk among HALT-C trial patients. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27025. [PMID: 27246310 PMCID: PMC4887904 DOI: 10.1038/srep27025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations at positions 70 and/or 91 in the core protein of genotype-1b, hepatitis C virus (HCV) are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in Asian patients. To evaluate this in a US population, the relationship between the percentage of 70 and/or 91 mutant HCV quasispecies in baseline serum samples of chronic HCV patients from the HALT-C trial and the incidence of HCC was determined by deep sequencing. Quasispecies percentage cut-points, ≥42% of non-arginine at 70 (non-R70) or ≥98.5% of non-leucine at 91 (non-L91) had optimal sensitivity at discerning higher or lower HCC risk. In baseline samples, 88.5% of chronic HCV patients who later developed HCC and 68.8% of matched HCC-free control patients had ≥42% non-R70 quasispecies (P = 0.06). Furthermore, 30.8% of patients who developed HCC and 54.7% of matched HCC-free patients had quasispecies with ≥98.5% non-L91 (P = 0.06). By Kaplan-Meier analysis, HCC incidence was higher, but not statistically significant, among patients with quasispecies ≥42% non-R70 (P = 0.08), while HCC incidence was significantly reduced among patients with quasispecies ≥98.5% non-L91 (P = 0.01). In a Cox regression model, non-R70 ≥42% was associated with increased HCC risk. This study of US patients indicates the potential utility of HCV quasispecies analysis as a non-invasive biomarker of HCC risk.
Collapse
|
8
|
A cell culture system for distinguishing hepatitis C viruses with and without liver cancer-related mutations in the viral core gene. J Hepatol 2015; 63. [PMID: 26220749 PMCID: PMC4654634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although patients infected by genotype 1b hepatitis C virus (HCV) with Q(70) and/or M(91)core gene mutations have an almost five-fold increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and increased insulin resistance, the absence of a suitable experimental system has precluded direct experimentation on the effects of these mutations on cellular gene expression. METHODS HuH7 cells were treated long-term with human serum to induce differentiation and to produce a model system for testing high-risk and control HCV. For clinical validation, profiles of infected cells were compared to each other and to those of liver biopsies of patients with early-stage HCV-related cirrhosis followed prospectively for up to 23 years (n=216). RESULTS Long-term culture in human serum produced growth-arrested, hepatocyte-like cells whose gene profile overlapped significantly with that of primary human hepatocytes. High-risk (Q(70)/M(91)) and control (R(70)/L(91)) viruses had dramatically different effects on gene expression of these cells. The high-risk virus enhanced expression of pathways associated with cancer and type II diabetes, while the control virus enhanced pathways associated with oxidative phosphorylation. Of special clinical relevance, the transcriptome of cells replicating the high-risk virus correlated significantly with an HCC high-risk profile in patients (Bonferroni-corrected p=0.03), whereas no such association was observed for non-HCC-related clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The cell-based system allowed direct head-to-head comparison of HCV variants, and provided experimental support for previous clinical data indicating an oncogenic effect of core gene mutations. This simple experimental system distinguished HCV variants and will enable future mechanistic analysis and exploration of interventional approaches.
Collapse
|
9
|
Tasaka-Fujita M, Sugiyama N, Kang W, Masaki T, Masaski T, Murayama A, Yamada N, Sugiyama R, Tsukuda S, Watashi K, Asahina Y, Sakamoto N, Wakita T, Shin EC, Kato T. Amino Acid Polymorphisms in Hepatitis C Virus Core Affect Infectious Virus Production and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecule Expression. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13994. [PMID: 26365522 PMCID: PMC4568458 DOI: 10.1038/srep13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amino acid (aa) polymorphisms in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b core protein have been reported to be a potent predictor for poor response to interferon (IFN)-based therapy and a risk factor for hepatocarcinogenesis. We investigated the effects of these polymorphisms with genotype 1b/2a chimeric viruses that contained polymorphisms of Arg/Gln at aa 70 and Leu/Met at aa 91. We found that infectious virus production was reduced in cells transfected with chimeric virus RNA that had Gln at aa 70 (aa70Q) compared with RNA with Arg at aa 70 (aa70R). Using flow cytometry analysis, we confirmed that HCV core protein accumulated in aa70Q clone transfected cells, and it caused a reduction in cell-surface expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules induced by IFN treatment through enhanced protein kinase R phosphorylation. We could not detect any effects due to the polymorphism at aa 91. In conclusion, the polymorphism at aa 70 was associated with efficiency of infectious virus production, and this deteriorated virus production in strains with aa70Q resulted in the intracellular accumulation of HCV proteins and attenuation of MHC class I molecule expression. These observations may explain the strain-associated resistance to IFN-based therapy and hepatocarcinogenesis of HCV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Tasaka-Fujita
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.,Center for Interprofessional Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Nao Sugiyama
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Wonseok Kang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Takahiro Masaki
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | | | - Asako Murayama
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Norie Yamada
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sugiyama
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Senko Tsukuda
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Koichi Watashi
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Asahina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan.,Department of Liver Disease Control, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takaji Wakita
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Takanobu Kato
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Korba B, Shetty K, Medvedev A, Viswanathan P, Varghese R, Zhou B, Roy R, Makambi K, Ressom H, Loffredo CA. Hepatitis C virus Genotype 1a core gene nucleotide patterns associated with hepatocellular carcinoma risk. J Gen Virol 2015; 96:2928-2937. [PMID: 26296571 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific sequence changes in codons 70 and 91 of the hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (HCV GT1b) core gene have been associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Essentially all previous studies were conducted in Asian populations with a wide range of liver disease, and none were conducted specifically in GT1a-infected individuals. We conducted a pilot study in a multiethnic population in the USA with HCV-related cirrhosis to determine if this association extended to GT1a-infected individuals and to determine if other sequence changes in the HCV core gene were associated with HCC risk. HCV core gene sequences from sera of 90 GT1 HCV carriers with cirrhosis (42 with HCC) were analysed using standard RT-PCR-based procedures. Nucleotide sequence data were compared with reference sequences available from GenBank. The frequency of sequence changes in codon 91 was not statistically different between HCC (7/19) and non-HCC (11/22) GT1b carriers. In GT1a carriers, sequence changes in codon 91 were observed less often than in GT1b carriers but were not observed in non-HCC subjects (4/23 vs 0/26, P = 0.03, Fisher's exact test). Sequence changes in codon 70 were not distributed differently between HCC and non-HCC GT1a and 1b carriers. Most importantly, for GT1a carriers, a panel of specific nucleotide changes in other codons was collectively present in all subjects with HCC, but not in any of the non-HCC patients. The utility of this test panel for early detection of HCC in GT1a-infected individuals needs to be assessed in larger populations, including longitudinal studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brent Korba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University, Sibley Memorial Hospital, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Alexei Medvedev
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Prasanth Viswanathan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Rency Varghese
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Rabindra Roy
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Kepher Makambi
- Department of Biostatistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Habtom Ressom
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Christopher A Loffredo
- Department of Biostatistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Duan XY, Pan Q, Yan SY, Ding WJ, Fan JG, Qiao L. High-saturate-fat diet delays initiation of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2014; 14:195. [PMID: 25410681 PMCID: PMC4240894 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-014-0195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the association between a high-fat diet (HFD) and HCC is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated whether a high-saturate-fat diet affects hepatocarcinogenesis induced by administration of diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Methods Adult SD rats were randomized into the following groups: normal chow diet (NCD), HFD, NCD + DEN, and HFD + DEN. The HFD contains 2% cholesterol and 10% lard oil. In mice with DEN treatment, the carcinogen was given via gavage. Mice were sacrificed at the end of 10, 12, and 14 weeks, respectively. The effects of HFD on hepatic carcinogenesis were assessed by HCC incidence, tumor differentiation, and the number and size of tumor nodules. Western blot and immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for caspase-3, and real-time PCR for TNF-α and IL-6 further uncovered the proliferative and apoptotic properties of liver. Results In contrast to the NCD group, DEN treatment (NCD + DEN group) led to hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatic tumor, and decreased body weight. Interestingly, HFD, which induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic steatosis, attenuated DEN-related malnutrition and fibrosis progression in HFD + DEN group during 10–14 weeks. Moreover, the HFD + DEN group exhibited that the proportion of well differentiated HCC was much higher than that of NCD + DEN group. The number and average volume of HCC node were also significantly lowered in HFD + DEN group (P < 0.01-0.05). When compared to that of NCD + DEN group, there was an inhibited expression of PCNA, TNF-α, and IL-6, and activation of caspase-3 in the liver of HFD + DEN group at week 10 and 12. Conclusions HFD restores malnutrition in the DEN-treated rats, which in turn inhibits the initiation of hepatic carcinogenesis and malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jian-Gao Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Digestion and Nutrition, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
HCV genome-wide genetic analyses in context of disease progression and hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103748. [PMID: 25079603 PMCID: PMC4117537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) world-wide. Most HCV patients have relatively stable disease, but approximately 25% have progressive disease that often terminates in liver failure or HCC. HCV is highly variable genetically, with seven genotypes and multiple subtypes per genotype. This variation affects HCV's sensitivity to antiviral therapy and has been implicated to contribute to differences in disease. We sequenced the complete viral coding capacity for 107 HCV genotype 1 isolates to determine whether genetic variation between independent HCV isolates is associated with the rate of disease progression or development of HCC. Consensus sequences were determined by sequencing RT-PCR products from serum or plasma. Positions of amino acid conservation, amino acid diversity patterns, selection pressures, and genome-wide patterns of amino acid covariance were assessed in context of the clinical phenotypes. A few positions were found where the amino acid distributions or degree of positive selection differed between in the HCC and cirrhotic sequences. All other assessments of viral genetic variation and HCC failed to yield significant associations. Sequences from patients with slow disease progression were under a greater degree of positive selection than sequences from rapid progressors, but all other analyses comparing HCV from rapid and slow disease progressors were statistically insignificant. The failure to observe distinct sequence differences associated with disease progression or HCC employing methods that previously revealed strong associations with the outcome of interferon α-based therapy implies that variable ability of HCV to modulate interferon responses is not a dominant cause for differential pathology among HCV patients. This lack of significant associations also implies that host and/or environmental factors are the major causes of differential disease presentation in HCV patients.
Collapse
|
13
|
El-Shamy A, Hotta H. Impact of hepatitis C virus heterogeneity on interferon sensitivity: an overview. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:7555-69. [PMID: 24976696 PMCID: PMC4069287 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i24.7555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver disease worldwide. HCV is able to evade host defense mechanisms, including both innate and acquired immune responses, to establish persistent infection, which results in a broad spectrum of pathogenicity, such as lipid and glucose metabolism disorders and hepatocellular carcinoma development. The HCV genome is characterized by a high degree of genetic diversity, which can be associated with viral sensitivity or resistance (reflected by different virological responses) to interferon (IFN)-based therapy. In this regard, it is of importance to note that polymorphisms in certain HCV genomic regions have shown a close correlation with treatment outcome. In particular, among the HCV proteins, the core and nonstructural proteins (NS) 5A have been extensively studied for their correlation with responses to IFN-based treatment. This review aims to cover updated information on the impact of major HCV genetic factors, including HCV genotype, mutations in amino acids 70 and 91 of the core protein and sequence heterogeneity in the IFN sensitivity-determining region and IFN/ribavirin resistance-determining region of NS5A, on virological responses to IFN-based therapy.
Collapse
|
14
|
Tadokoro K, Kobayashi M, Suzuki F, Tanaka C, Yamaguchi T, Nagano M, Egashira T, Kumada H. Comparative quantitative analysis of hepatitis C mutations at amino acids 70 and 91 in the core region by the Q-Invader assay. J Virol Methods 2012; 189:221-7. [PMID: 23124003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major worldwide public health problem, and mutations at amino acids 70 and 91 in the genotype 1b core region predict the effectiveness of combination therapy with peginterferon and ribavirin. An assay based on the Q-Invader technology was developed to determine the relative ratios of the mutant to wild-type virus with high sensitivity. The assay detected a minor type plasmid that constituted only 1% of a mixture of plasmids containing wild-type and mutant sequences. The calculated ratios agreed with those of the template DNA. A total of 123 serum samples of HCV in Japan were examined with the Q-Invader assay. The Q-Invader assay detected all of the mutations that were detected by direct sequencing and even some mutants that direct sequencing could not. PCR with mutant specific primers confirmed those mutations found by the Q-Invader assay and not by direct sequencing. The Q-Invader assay, thus, is a useful tool for detecting mutations at positions 70 and 91 in the HCV-1b core region.
Collapse
|