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de Chiara M, Montano C, Costanza D, Coluccia P, Auletta L, Greco A, Pasolini MP. Doppler ultrasonographic measurements of the lateral digital palmar artery in pregnant mares. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2024; 65:279-287. [PMID: 38494832 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular changes have been reported in late pregnancy in mares. However, there are no data on changes in peripheral blood flow. Doppler ultrasound represents a sensitive method for assessing the blood flow directed to the hoof. The aims of this study were to evaluate the blood flow parameters of the lateral palmar digital artery (LPDA) in pregnant mares and to assess intra- and interrater agreement between two observers with different levels of experience. The LPDAs of pregnant Italian Standardbred mares were examined. The vessels were located with B-mode ultrasound and analyzed with color and pulsed wave Doppler. The following parameters were recorded by the operators: heart rate (HR), peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index (RI). Measurements were performed between 2 and 3 months of gestation (T1), in the last month of pregnancy (T2) and a week after delivery (T3). Seventeen mares aged 3-18 years met the inclusion criteria. Ultrasound examinations of the LPDA were subjectively easy to perform and well tolerated by the mares. Interrater and intrarater agreement were good and moderate, respectively. The HR was higher at T2 than at T1 and T3. The PSV and RI changed significantly during pregnancy, with higher values at T2 and T3, whereas the EDV remained unchanged throughout the examination. Doppler examination showed that peripheral flow changes were present in mares in late pregnancy. However, the persistence of higher values after delivery invites further investigation to assess the correlation between metabolic/endocrine changes related to pregnancy and Doppler parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaelena de Chiara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Montano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Dario Costanza
- Interdepartmental Centre of Veterinary Radiology, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Coluccia
- Interdepartmental Centre of Veterinary Radiology, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Auletta
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milano, Lodi, Italy
| | - Adelaide Greco
- Interdepartmental Centre of Veterinary Radiology, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Pasolini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre of Veterinary Radiology, University of Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
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Evangelista GCL, Viana AGDA, Neves MM, Reis ECC. Resistivity and pulsatility indexes in feline kidney disease: a systematic review. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2022; 63:306-318. [PMID: 35576272 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Doppler ultrasonography is used in the evaluation of hemodynamics, and the resistivity (RI) and pulsatility (PI) indexes provide information about resistance to blood flow within a vessel. This systematic review was carried out to evaluate renal RI and PI in clinically healthy and nonsedated cats and as well as their usefulness in the evaluation of kidney disease in cats. An electronic search in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was carried out using the terms "resistive index" or "resistivity index" or "pulsatility index;" "Doppler;" "renal" or "kidney;" and "cat" or "feline" in titles, abstracts, and keywords. Variables of interest related to experimental model features, research methods, and technical resources were extracted from the studies. The methodological quality was assessed with SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Thus, 14 studies involving healthy and sick cats were selected. Interestingly, the upper limits estimated for both RI and PI varied among studies. The upper limits of renal RI for healthy cats varied between 0.64 and 0.72, while for PI, the values varied from 1.06 to 1.29. A limited number of studies evaluated cats with kidney disease. In most studies, RI values of kidneys with different conditions were significantly different from kidneys of healthy animals, indicating that RI values increase with kidney disease. The parameters body weight, heart rate, and age seem to influence the RI values. Standardized studies regarding its realization and description are still necessary to define normal values and analyze its applicability in the clinical diagnostic routine.
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Cheng H, Lu T, Wang J, Xia Y, Chai X, Zhang M, Yao Y, Zhou N, Zhou S, Chen X, Su W, Liu C, Yi W, Chen Y, Yao L. HuangqiGuizhiWuwu Decoction Prevents Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes via Inhibition of Endothelial Arginase 1. Front Physiol 2020; 11:201. [PMID: 32269530 PMCID: PMC7109290 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia induces vascular endothelial dysfunction, which contributes to the development of vascular complication of diabetes. A classic prescription of traditional medicine, HuangqiGuizhiWuwu Decoction (HGWWD) has been used for the treatment of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which all are related with vascular pathology. The present study investigated the effect of HGWWD treatment in streptozocin (STZ)-induced vascular dysfunction in mouse models. In vivo studies were performed using wild type mice as well as arginase 1 knockout specific in endothelial cells (EC-A1-/-) of control mice, diabetes mice and diabetes mice treated with HGWWD (60 g crude drugs/kg/d) for 2 weeks. For in vitro studies, aortic tissues were treated with mice serum containing HGWWD with or without adenoviral arginase 1 (Ad-A1) transduction in high glucose (HG) medium. We found that HGWWD treatment restored STZ-induced impaired mean velocity and pulsatility index of mouse left femoral arteries, aortic pulse wave velocity and vascular endothelial relaxation accompanied by elevated NO production in the aorta and plasma, as well as reduced endothelial arginase activity and aortic arginase 1 expression. The protective effect of HGWWD is reversed by an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis. Meanwhile, the preventive effect of serum containing HGWWD in endothelial vascular dysfunction is completely blocked by Ad-A1 transduction in HG incubated aortas. HGWWD treatment further improved endothelial vascular dysfunction in STZ induced EC-A1-/- mice. This study demonstrates that HGWWD improved STZ-induced vascular dysfunction through arginase 1 - NO signaling, specifically targeting endothelial arginase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingya Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yucen Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshu Chai
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minyi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yutong Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Su
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cunzhi Liu
- Acupuncture Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Abe M, Akaishi T, Miki T, Miki M, Funamizu Y, Araya K, Ishizawa K, Takayama S, Takase K, Abe T, Ishii T, Ito S. Influence of renal function and demographic data on intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221244. [PMID: 31454365 PMCID: PMC6711528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrarenal Doppler ultrasonography is a non-invasive method to evaluate the renal blood flow in patients with renal arterial stenosis as well as chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Until recently, the relationship between ultrasonography findings and CKD stage has not been fully understood. Overall, 162 patients with CKD without apparent renal arterial stenosis were included in this study, and the pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography findings were evaluated in terms of the following parameters: peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index (RI) at the renal arterial trunk, hilum, segmental, and interlobar regions. Age showed a significant negative correlation with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), kidney size, and aortic PSV. Additionally, age showed a significant positive correlation with RI in all 4 regions. The eGFR showed a positive correlation with the aortic PSV and kidney size, but a negative correlation with RI. Both age and eGFR were found to be independently associated with aortic blood flow. On the intrarenal ultrasound, EDV and RI showed stronger correlations with eGFR than PSV, suggesting that the former indices would be better markers of renal function. In particular, the interlobar EDV was found to be the best index that reflects renal function. Although the RI is also a good marker of renal function, it is confounded by age; thus, its utility would be weaker than that of the EDV. In conclusion, intrarenal pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography is a useful tool to estimate and evaluate the renal function; the interlobar EDV may be the best index to estimate the effective perfusion and filtration of the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiaki Abe
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tetsuya Akaishi
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Miki
- Clinical Physiology Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika Miki
- Clinical Physiology Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Funamizu
- Clinical Physiology Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kaori Araya
- Clinical Physiology Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kota Ishizawa
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin Takayama
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kei Takase
- Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ishii
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Ito
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
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