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Venzon L, Meurer MC, Dos Santos França TC, Longo B, Mariott M, Somensi LB, Mariano LNB, Boeing T, Cazarin CA, Pereira LN, de Souza MM, da Silva LM. Geraniol accelerates the gastric healing, minimizes ulcers recurrence, and reduces anxiolytic-like behavior in ulcerated rodents by oral or inhaled route. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2331-2344. [PMID: 36121588 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geraniol (GE) is dietary acyclic monoterpene alcohol found in essential oils from aromatic plants with therapeutic value against gastric ulcers already described. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To assess whether oral GE accelerates gastric healing or prevents ulcer recurrence, and to evaluate the hypothesis that GE promotes antiulcer effects by the inhaled route and that promotes changes in the behavior of ulcerated rodents. METHODS Gastric healing effects, underlining mechanisms, and behavioral changes were measured in80% acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer model in rats receiving GE by oral (30 mg/kg) or inhaled route (1 mg/L of air/min); whereas the effects of GE to avoid ulcer recurrence was evaluated in mice submitted to 10% acetic acid plus IL-1β ulcer. RESULTS GE administered by both routes accelerates gastric healing, increasing mucin and GSH levels, CAT, and GST activities, and reducing MPO activity. Moreover, oral, and inhaled GE minimized ulcer recurrence reducing gastric TNF and IL-6 levels and preserving mucin levels. Interestingly, the inhalation or oral intake of GE promotes anxiolytic-like effects in ulcerated rats. CONCLUSION Data altogether suggest that the GE accelerates gastric healing through the strengthening of protective factors of the gastric mucosa, promoting a quality healing that reduces the recurrence of the lesion. Besides, the anxiolytic-like effect of GE may also contribute to its gastric healing action since anxiety is recognized as one of the etiologic agents of ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Venzon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruna Longo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Marihá Mariott
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thaise Boeing
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Camila André Cazarin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas Natã Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcia Maria de Souza
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Luisa Mota da Silva
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil.
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The role of non-Helicobacter pylori bacteria in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal diseases. Gut Pathog 2022; 14:19. [PMID: 35606878 PMCID: PMC9125830 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-022-00494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the development of next-generation sequencing for human microbiota has led to remarkable discoveries. The characterization of gastric microbiota has enabled the examination of genera associated with several diseases, including gastritis, precancerous lesions, and gastric cancer. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is well known to cause gastric dysbiosis by reducing diversity, because this bacterium is the predominant bacterium. However, as the diseases developed into more severe stages, such as atrophic gastritis, premalignant lesion, and gastric adenocarcinoma, the dominance of H. pylori began to be displaced by other bacteria, including Streptococcus, Prevotella, Achromobacter, Citrobacter, Clostridium, Rhodococcus, Lactobacillus, and Phyllobacterium. Moreover, a massive reduction in H. pylori in cancer sites was observed as compared with noncancer tissue in the same individual. In addition, several cases of H. pylori-negative gastritis were found. Among these individuals, there was an enrichment of Paludibacter, Dialister, Streptococcus, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, and Treponema. These remarkable findings suggest the major role of gastric microbiota in the development of gastroduodenal diseases and led us to the hypothesis that H. pylori might not be the only gastric pathogen. The gastric microbiota point of view of disease development should lead to a more comprehensive consideration of this relationship.
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Milivojevic V, Milosavljevic T. Burden of Gastroduodenal Diseases from the Global Perspective. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN GASTROENTEROLOGY 2020; 18:148-157. [PMID: 31993967 DOI: 10.1007/s11938-020-00277-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We reviewed the recent medical literature to show global burden of gastroduodenal disease, potential strategies, and further perspectives. RECENT FINDINGS Gastrointestinal and liver diseases are growing health problems, and cause more than 8 million deaths per year worldwide; encompass a range of long-term health conditions, such as digestive cancers, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, peptic ulcer disease, liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, coeliac disease, and functional gastrointestinal disorders. Scientific knowledge demonstrates that the noncommunicable disease burden can be greatly reduced if cost-effective preventive and curative actions, along with interventions for prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases already available, are implemented in an effective and balanced manner. SUMMARY Future research will have to elaborate on simple methods for preselection of patients at high risk to allow their implementation in strategies and respect all demand of cost-effectiveness. Understanding trends in GI illnesses could be helpful to meet the needs of patients and decrease the disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Milivojevic
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, School of Medicine, Belgrade University, Koste Todorovic N 2, Belgrade, Serbia.
- School of Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Factors Associated with Recurrent Ulcers in Patients with Gastric Surgery after More Than 15 Years: A Cross-Sectional Single-Center Study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018; 2018:8319481. [PMID: 30524477 PMCID: PMC6247467 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8319481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim We aimed to establish the independent predictive factors (from Helicobacter pylori infection, biliary reflux, histologic features of the gastric mucosa, drugs, comorbidities, and social habits) for gastric stump ulcer occurrence more than 15 years after surgery. Methods 76 patients with previous gastric surgery were included: 21 patients with gastric ulcer (marginal ulcer or ulcer of the rest of the gastric remnant-study group) and 55 controls (nonulcer group). Results Helicobacter pylori infection tended to be higher in the control group than in the ulcer group (14.5% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.43), without statistical significance. Alcohol consumption had a significant positive association with ulcer (p = 0.008), while smoking (p = 0.064), low-dose aspirin (p = 0.063), and biliary reflux (p = 0.106) had a tendency toward statistical signification for positive association. On univariate analysis, smoking (p = 0.048, OR = 3.15, 95% CI: 1.01-9.93) and low-dose aspirin consumption (p = 0.067, OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 0.95-7.68) were significantly associated with ulcer. According to the multivariable regression model, alcohol consumption (OR = 6.68, 95% CI: 1.29-41.14) and biliary reflux (OR = 6.12, 95% CI: 1.36-38.26) remained significantly associated with increased odds of stump ulcer. Conclusion Biliary reflux and alcohol consumption, but not Helicobacter pylori infection or gastrotoxic drug, seem to be the most important predictors for ulcer recurrence in patients with gastric surgery for peptic ulcer after more than 15 years.
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Sánchez Cuén JA, Irineo Cabrales AB, León Sicairos NM, Calderón Zamora L, Monroy Higuera L, Canizalez Román VA. Recurrence of infection and diversity of Helicobacter pylori strains in an adult population in Mexico treated with empirical standard triple therapy. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2017; 109:749-756. [PMID: 29072083 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2017.4994/2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After eradication treatment for Helicobacter pylori, infection could recur due to recrudescence or re-infection. The objective of this study was to determine the recurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection and identify virulent Helicobacter pylori strains one year after eradication with standard triple therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A quasi-experimental study was performed that included a patient population with digestive diseases associated with Helicobacter pylori who had received standard triple therapy. Cultures and Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed on gastric biopsies for strain identification in all patients prior to eradication treatment and those with a positive carbon 14 breath test one year after eradication treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using the student T test and Fisher's exact test, statistical significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS 128 patients were studied, 51 (39.8%) were male and 77 (60.2%) were female with an average age of 54.8 years (DE 13.8). There was an annual recurrence of Helicobacter pylori infection in 12 (9.3%) patients. An annual re-infection and recrudescence occurred in 9 (7 %) and 3 (2.3%) patients respectively. The recrudescence rate for cagA was 1/30 (3.3%) patients and 2/112 (1.8%) patients for vacA. The re-infection rate for cagA was 3/30 (10%) patients and 6/112 (5.3%) patients for vacA. CONCLUSIONS The recurrence of infection in this study was higher than that recorded in developed countries with a low prevalence of H. pylori and lower than that recorded in developing countries with a higher prevalence of H. pylori. The cagA or vacA s2/m2 strains were isolated after re-infection and recrudescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Alberto Sánchez Cuén
- Gastroenterologia, Hospital Regional del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado. Cu, México
| | | | | | | | - Luis Monroy Higuera
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada a la Salud Públic, Facultad de Medicina , México
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Jiang JX, Liu Q, Zhao B, Zhang HH, Sang HM, Djaleel SM, Zhang GX, Xu SF. Risk factors for intestinal metaplasia in a southeastern Chinese population: an analysis of 28,745 cases. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:409-418. [PMID: 27832356 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify risk factors for intestinal metaplasia in a southeastern Chinese population. METHODS Subjects who underwent upper GI endoscopy and endoscopic biopsy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2008 to 2013 were included into this study. Various demographic, geographic, clinical and pathological data were analyzed separately to identify risk factors for intestinal metaplasia. RESULTS The incidence of intestinal metaplasia differed significantly in 17 municipal areas ranging from 16.79 to 38.56% and was positively correlated with the age range of 40-70 years, male gender, gastric ulcer, bile reflux, Helicobacter pylori infection, atrophic gastritis, dysplasia, gastric cancer, degree of chronic and acute inflammation, and gross domestic product per capita (P < 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that only gross domestic product per capita revealed a significant difference in the incidence of intestinal metaplasia among all factors mentioned. CONCLUSION This study confirms age, male gender, gastric ulcer, bile reflux, H. pylori infection, severe degree of chronic and acute inflammation to be the risk factors for intestinal metaplasia. We speculate that the gross domestic product per capita of different areas may be a potential independent risk factor impacting the incidence of intestinal metaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xia Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, 215228, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Han Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huai-Ming Sang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Soyfoo-Muhammad Djaleel
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guo-Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shun-Fu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Zagari RM, Eusebi LH, Rabitti S, Cristoferi L, Vestito A, Pagano N, Bazzoli F. Prevalence of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in the community: A systematic review of studies in unselected samples of subjects. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016; 31:1527-38. [PMID: 26840528 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings, such as esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, peptic ulcer, and malignancy, represent a public health problem. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in the community. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PUBMED and EMBASE to May 2015. Studies were eligible if they reported the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in unselected samples of the community. RESULTS Twelve articles were eligible, nine reported data from three endoscopic surveys (n = 3063 subjects), and three from national screening programs (n = 84 153). The overall prevalence of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings in the community was 30% in the Kalixanda study (Sweden), 24.9% in the Loiano-Monghidoro study (Italy), and 68.9% in the Systematic Investigation of Gastrointestinal Diseases study (China). The pooled prevalence of esophagitis, endoscopically suspected esophageal metaplasia (ESEM), peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer in all studies was 11.2, 5.1, 6.8, and 0.33%, respectively. The most frequent finding was esophagitis in Europe, with a prevalence of 15.5% in Sweden and 11.8% in Italy, and peptic ulcer in China (17.1%), both in asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori was positively associated with the prevalence of peptic ulcer (r = 0.91) but negatively associated with the prevalence of both esophagitis (r = -0.99) and ESEM (r = -0.95). CONCLUSIONS Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings are present in at least a quarter of subjects in the community with different patterns in Western and Eastern countries, both in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects. H. pylori prevalence negatively impacts on the prevalence of reflux-related esophageal findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Maurizio Zagari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- Gastroenterology Unit, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Leonardo Henry Eusebi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Rabitti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Cristoferi
- Section of Diseases, Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Amanda Vestito
- Gastroenterology Unit, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nico Pagano
- Gastroenterology Unit, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Franco Bazzoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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Agréus L, Hellström PM, Talley NJ, Wallner B, Forsberg A, Vieth M, Veits L, Björkegren K, Engstrand L, Andreasson A. Towards a healthy stomach? Helicobacter pylori prevalence has dramatically decreased over 23 years in adults in a Swedish community. United European Gastroenterol J 2015; 4:686-696. [PMID: 27733911 DOI: 10.1177/2050640615623369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Western countries the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may be declining but there is a lack of recent longitudinal population studies. We evaluated the changing epidemiology over a 23-year period in Sweden. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 1989, the validated Abdominal Symptom Questionnaire (ASQ) was mailed to a random sample of inhabitants (ages 22-80 years) in a Swedish community, and 1097 (87%) responded. H. pylori serology was analysed in a representative subsample (n = 145). Twenty-three years later, the ASQ was mailed again using similar selection criteria, and 388 out of 1036 responders had an upper endoscopy with assessment of H. pylori and corpus atrophy status. RESULTS The prevalence of positive H. pylori serology decreased from 37.9% (1989) to 15.8% (2012), corresponding to a decrease in odds of 75% per decade (odds ratio (OR): 0.25; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.11-0.59, p = 0.001) independent of age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and level of education, with a pattern consistent with a birth cohort effect. The prevalence increased with increasing age (p = 0.001). The prevalence of H. pylori on histology in 2012 was 11.4% (95% CI 8.6-15.0). The prevalence of corpus atrophy on serology and/or histology in 2012 was 3.2% (95% CI 1.8-5.5); all cases were ≥57 years old. CONCLUSION The stomach is healthier in 2012 compared with 1989. H. pylori prevalence in adults has decreased over the last two decades to a level where clinical management might be affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Agréus
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Nicholas J Talley
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Bengt Wallner
- Department of Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Forsberg
- Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Vieth
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Lothar Veits
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Karin Björkegren
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Andreasson
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li HW, Yang JK, Zhao AG. Adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:4921-4927. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i32.4921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Since the rate of early diagnosis is low, postoperative recurrence and metastasis rates are still high. In recent years, the curative effect of postoperative adjuvant therapy is becoming better with the development of new chemotherapy drugs, targeted drugs, biological immune therapy and postoperative rehabilitation. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the progress in postoperative adjuvant therapy for gastric carcinoma.
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