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Dong J, Min S, Chen Q, Qiu H, Ren L. Subanesthetic Dose of Ketamine Administered Before Each Electroconvulsive Therapy Session Improves Antidepressant and Sleep Quality Outcomes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. J ECT 2023; 39:263-268. [PMID: 37310110 DOI: 10.1097/yct.0000000000000938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main purpose of this trial is to explore the effects of subanesthetic dose of ketamine on sleep quality and symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder undergoing bitemporal electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). METHODS Seventy-one patients with major depressive disorder and sleep disturbance were randomly divided into 2 groups, namely, the ECT without ketamine group (group ES), receiving routine ECT and saline (3 mL) at each ECT session, and the ECT-assisted ketamine group (group KS), which received ECT and ketamine (3 mL) at each ECT session. The 24 Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess depressive symptoms and the Chinese Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to evaluate sleep quality. RESULTS The patients in group KS required shorter ECT treatment sessions. Patients in group ES had lower sleep efficiency, longer sleep latency, and required more sleep medication than patients in group KS at the end of the ECT course. CONCLUSIONS Subanesthetic dose of ketamine improved sleep quality and enhanced ECT therapeutic effects in patients with sleep disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dong
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Su Min
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - Qibing Chen
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
| | - HaiTang Qiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Ren
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
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Cattarinussi G, Delvecchio G, Moltrasio C, Ferro A, Sambataro F, Brambilla P. Effects of pharmacological treatments on neuroimaging findings in borderline personality disorder: A review of FDG-PET and fNIRS studies. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:314-321. [PMID: 35429522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious mental condition characterized by instability in identity, interpersonal relationships, emotion regulation and impulsivity. These symptoms seem to be associated to specific brain alterations, which have been largely investigated. In particular, positron emission tomography (PET) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) have demonstrated abnormalities in brain metabolism and hemodynamics in BPD, specifically in the fronto-limbic system. However, the role of medications on brain metabolism and hemodynamics in BPD is still largely unknown. METHODS We conducted a search on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science of PET and fNIRS studies exploring the effect of medications on brain metabolism and hemodynamics in BPD. A total of 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Overall, PET studies showed an effect of psychotropic agents on brain metabolism, especially in frontal and temporal areas. Also, higher metabolic rates in frontal areas were found to correlate with clinical improvements. In contrast, fNIRS investigations reported an inconclusive or absent effects on brain hemodynamics in BPD patients. LIMITATIONS The small sample size, the elevated percentage of women, the heterogeneity in pharmacological agents and the presence of comorbidities limit the conclusions of the present review. CONCLUSIONS Serotoninergic agents and second-generation antipsychotics produce changes in frontal and temporal metabolism in BPD, which appear to correlate with clinical improvements. Differently, brain hemodynamics do not seem to be significantly affected by the most commonly prescribed drugs in BPD, suggesting that the therapeutic actions of medications are not mediated by changes in neural hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), Padua Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Adele Ferro
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), Padua Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Chow TK, Bowie CR, Morton M, Lalovic A, McInerney SJ, Rizvi SJ. Contributors of Functional Impairment in Major Depressive Disorder: a Biopsychosocial Approach. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40473-022-00247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tassi E, Boscutti A, Mandolini GM, Moltrasio C, Delvecchio G, Brambilla P. A scoping review of near infrared spectroscopy studies employing a verbal fluency task in bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 298:604-617. [PMID: 34780861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in cognitive functioning, including attention, memory, and executive functions, along with impairments in language production, are present in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) patients during mood phases, but also during euthymia.Verbal fluency tasks (VFTs), being able to evaluate integrity of a wide range of cognitive domains and represent, can be used to screen for these disturbances. Neuroimaging studies, including Near-InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS), have repeatedly showed widespread alterations in the prefrontal and temporal cortex during the performance of VFTs in BD patients. This review aims to summarize the results of NIRS studies that evaluated hemodynamic responses associated with the VFTs in prefrontal and temporal regions in BD patients. METHODS We performed a scoping review of studies evaluating VFT-induced activation in prefrontal and temporal regions in BD patients, and the relationship between NIRS data and various clinical variables. RESULTS 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. In BD patients, compared to healthy controls, NIRS studies showed hypoactivation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior temporal regions. Moreover, clinical variables, such as depressive and social adaptation scores, were negatively correlated with hemodynamic responses in prefrontal and temporal regions, while a positive correlation were reported for measures of manic symptoms and impulsivity. LIMITATIONS The heterogeneity of the studies in terms of methodology, study design and clinical characteristics of the samples limited the comparability of the findings. CONCLUSIONS Given its non-invasiveness, good time-resolution and no need of posturalconstraint, NIRS technique could represent a useful tool for the evaluation of prefrontal and temporal haemodynamic correlates of cognitive performances in BD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Tassi
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Andrea Boscutti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Gian Mario Mandolini
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Chiara Moltrasio
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, Milan 20122, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
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Husain SF, McIntyre RS, Tang TB, Abd Latif MH, Tran BX, Linh VG, Thao TPN, Ho CS, Ho RC. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy during the verbal fluency task of English-Speaking adults with mood disorders: A preliminary study. J Clin Neurosci 2021; 94:94-101. [PMID: 34863469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) provides a direct and objective assessment of cerebral cortex function. It may be used to determine neurophysiological differences between psychiatric disorders with overlapping symptoms, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Therefore, this preliminary study aimed to compare fNIRS signals during the verbal fluency task (VFT) of English-speaking healthy controls (HC), patients with MDD and patients with BD. Fifteen HCs, 15 patients with MDD and 15 patients with BD were recruited. Groups were matched for age, gender, ethnicity and education. Relative oxy-haemoglobin and deoxy-haemoglobin changes in the frontotemporal cortex was monitored with a 52-channel fNIRS system. Integral values of the frontal and temporal regions were derived as a measure cortical haemodynamic response magnitude. Both patient groups had lower frontal and temporal region integral values than HCs, and patients with MDD had lower frontal region integral value than patients with BD. Moreover, patients could be differentiated from HCs using the frontal and temporal integral values, and patient groups could be differentiated using the frontal region integral values. VFT performance, clinical history and symptom severity were not associated with integral values. These results suggest that prefrontal cortex haemodynamic dysfunction occurs in mood disorders, and it is more extensive in MDD than BD. The fNIRS-VFT paradigm may be a potential tool for differentiating MDD from BD in clinical settings, and these findings need to be verified in a larger sample of English-speaking patients with mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Fabeha Husain
- Institute of Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tong-Boon Tang
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), University Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Hafiz Abd Latif
- Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), University Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Bach X Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vu Gia Linh
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Phuong Nguyen Thao
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Medicine, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Cyrus S Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Roger C Ho
- Institute of Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Common variants in CREB1 gene confer risk for bipolar disorder in Han Chinese. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 59:102648. [PMID: 33848807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we have identified involvement of the gene encoding cAMP responsive element-binding 1 (CREB1) in risk of BD in European ancestry. CREB1 has significant genetic diversity between Europeans and Chinese, thereby resulting in diverged CREB1 genetic backgrounds. In this study, we aimed to determine whether CREB1 confers susceptibility to BD and cognitive dysfunction in Han Chinese. We recruited 572 patients with BD and 611 healthy controls for genetic study. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) was used for cognitive evaluation. SNP rs10932201 and rs3770704 within CREB1 were genotyped. The frequency of the G allele of rs10932201 was significantly greater in BD patients (41.8 %) than that in control subjects (37.2 %), with P = 0.02, corrected P = 0.04. There were significant differences in the scores of RBANS attention and total scores between the patients with different genotypes of rs10932201 polymorphism (P = 0.002 and 0.003, corrected P = 0.012 and 0.018, respectively). Post-hoc comparisons showed that rs10932201 G/G or G/A carriers had lower RBANS attention and total scores than those with A/A carriers (P = 0.002 and 0.004, P = 0.002 and 0.006, respectively). We observed a significant association between the rs10932201 and CREB1 expression in intralobular white matter (P = 0.037). Carriers with G allele have significantly lower levels of CREB1 expression in intralobular white matter than those without G allele. In conclusion, this study identified a novel BD risk SNP rs10932201 in Han Chinese and this SNP may be a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in patients with BD.
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Husain SF, Tang TB, Tam WW, Tran BX, Ho CS, Ho RC. Cortical haemodynamic response during the verbal fluency task in patients with bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder: a preliminary functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:201. [PMID: 33879125 PMCID: PMC8056702 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03195-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging neuroimaging modality that provides a direct and quantitative assessment of cortical haemodynamic response during a cognitive task. It may be used to identify neurophysiological differences between psychiatric disorders with overlapping symptoms, such as bipolar disorder (BD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Hence, this preliminary study aimed to compare the cerebral haemodynamic function of healthy controls (HC), patients with BD and patients with BPD. METHODS Twenty-seven participants (9 HCs, 9 patients with BD and 9 patients with BPD) matched for age, gender, ethnicity and education were recruited. Relative oxy-haemoglobin and deoxy-haemoglobin changes in the frontotemporal cortex was monitored with a 52-channel fNIRS system during a verbal fluency task (VFT). VFT performance, clinical history and symptom severity were also noted. RESULTS Compared to HCs, both patient groups had lower mean oxy-haemoglobin in the frontotemporal cortex during the VFT. Moreover, mean oxy-haemoglobin in the left inferior frontal region is markedly lower in patients with BPD compared to patients with BD. Task performance, clinical history and symptom severity were not associated with mean oxy-haemoglobin levels. CONCLUSIONS Prefrontal cortex activity is disrupted in patients with BD and BPD, but it is more extensive in BPD. These results provide further neurophysiological evidence for the separation of BPD from the bipolar spectrum. fNIRS could be a potential tool for assessing the frontal lobe function of patients who present with symptoms that are common to BD and BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Fabeha Husain
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228 Singapore
| | - Tong-Boon Tang
- grid.444487.f0000 0004 0634 0540Centre for Intelligent Signal and Imaging Research (CISIR), University Teknologi PETRONAS, Darul Ridzuan, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Malaysia
| | - Wilson W. Tam
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597 Singapore
| | - Bach X. Tran
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.56046.310000 0004 0642 8489Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, 116001 Vietnam ,grid.473736.20000 0004 4659 3737Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000 Vietnam
| | - Cyrus S. Ho
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228 Singapore
| | - Roger C. Ho
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599 Singapore ,grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228 Singapore
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Chen GF, Mao MC, Feng K, Gan JC, Zhang XQ, Shen CY, Xu B, Liu XM, Ren XJ, Liu PZ, Wang Y. Brain activation during verbal fluency task in type II bipolar disorder patients: a near-infrared spectroscopy study. Psychiatry Res 2021; 298:113762. [PMID: 33545426 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that BD patients exhibited impairment when performing a verbal fluency task (VFT) and abnormal prefrontal cortex activation during this task. However, no study has specifically examined whether patients with type II BD demonstrate difficulty in performing VFT and impairments in relevant neural correlates or whether these are related to psychotic symptoms, the present study aimed to examine these issues. METHODS Forty-nine patients with type II BD (21 patients with psychotic symptoms [BDIIp] and 28 patients without psychotic symptoms [BDIIn]) and 45 matched healthy controls (HCs) participated the study and completed the VFTs, while their brain activity was recorded with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). RESULTS Both BDIIp and BDIIn patients showed poorer performance on VFTs than HCs. In addition, BDII patients showed lower brain activation than HCs in bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right frontal pole, these results were mainly driven by BDIIn patients. Moreover, subjective psychotic symptoms were positively significantly correlated with left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation in BDII patients. CONCLUSIONS Type II BD patients showed significant impairment when performing VFTs and reduced activation in the prefrontal cortex, and subjective psychotic symptoms were associated with brain activation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in BDII patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Chen
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Chai Mao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education
| | - Kun Feng
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie-Chun Gan
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Zhang
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen-Yu Shen
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xu
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia-Jin Ren
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- YuQuan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ya Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Feng K, Law S, Ravindran N, Chen GF, Ma XY, Bo X, Zhang XQ, Shen CY, Li J, Wang Y, Liu XM, Sun JJ, Hu S, Liu PZ. Differentiating between bipolar and unipolar depression using prefrontal activation patterns: Promising results from functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) findings. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:476-484. [PMID: 33373907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar depression (BD) is a unique, severe and prevalent mental illness that shares many similarities in symptoms with unipolar depression (UD). Improving precision of their diagnoses would enhance treatment outcome and prognosis for both conditions. This study aims to provide evidence from functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a potential tool to differentiate UD and BD based on their differences in hemodynamic change in the prefrontal cortex during verbal fluency tasks (VFT). METHODS We enrolled 179 participants with clinically confirmed diagnoses, including 69 UD patients, 68 BD patients and 42 healthy controls(HC). Every participant was assessed using a 45-channel fNIRS and various clinical scales. FINDINGS Compared with HC, region-specific fNIR leads show UD patients had significant lower hemodynamic activation in 4 particular pre-frontal regions: 1) the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), 2) orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), 3) bilateral ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and 4) left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). In contrast, BD vs. HC comparisons showed only significant lower hemodynamic activation in the LIFG area. Furthermore, compared to BD patients, UD patients showed decreased hemodynamic activation changes in the VLPFC region. CONCLUSION Our results show significant frontal lobe activation pattern differences between UD and BD groups. fNIRS can be a potential tool to increase diagnostic precision for these conditions. In particular, the VLPFC area holds promise to be a useful site for such differentiation for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Feng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China.
| | - Samuel Law
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Gui-Fang Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Xiang-Yun Ma
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Bo
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | | | - Chen-Yu Shen
- YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shuang Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Po-Zi Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; YuQuan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10000 China.
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Calabrò M, Crisafulli C, Di Nicola M, Colombo R, Janiri L, Serretti A. FKBP5 Gene Variants May Modulate Depressive Features in Bipolar Disorder. Neuropsychobiology 2019; 78:104-112. [PMID: 31071710 DOI: 10.1159/000499976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous evidence suggested the possible association of FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) gene variants in bipolar disorder (BPD). OBJECTIVE Given the need of refinement of the findings obtained in large but poorly phenotyped samples, this study investigated the possible role of variants within FKBP5 in a small but deeply phenotyped BPD sample. METHODS A sample (N = 131) of bipolar patients were investigated with 10 polymorphisms within the FKBP5 gene. A control sample (N = 65) was also used for the analyses. Treatment response and remission of symptoms were evaluated using of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). The same analyses were also performed on the depressive subsample of BPD (D.BPD). RESULTS rs3800373 was associated with disorder risk in the depressive BPD subsample with the G allele being more frequent in subjects with a D.BPD phenotype. This was the only association that survived statistical correction. CONCLUSIONS rs3800373 FKBP5 may increase the risk of developing predominantly depressed BPD, probably through the creation of an enhancer consensus sequence in the 3'UTR of the gene, thus potentially increasing its expression. This finding seems to be partially supported by literature data, which evidenced increased levels of FKBP5 in psychiatric subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Calabrò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Concetta Crisafulli
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Di Nicola
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Janiri
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy,
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Tanaka T, Kokubo K, Iwasa K, Sawa K, Yamada N, Komori M. Intraday Activity Levels May Better Reflect the Differences Between Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder Than Average Daily Activity Levels. Front Psychol 2018; 9:2314. [PMID: 30581399 PMCID: PMC6292921 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to establish an objective index to differentiate mood disorders (i.e., bipolar disorder; BD and major depressive disorder; MDD). The present study focused on the pattern of changes of physical activity in the amount of activity intraday, and examined the relationship between activity patterns and mood disorders. One hundred and eighteen inpatients with MDD or BD in a depressive state provided the activity data by using wearable activity trackers for 3 weeks. In order to illuminate the characteristic patterns of intraday activities, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was adopted to extract the main components of intraday activity changes. We found that some of the PCs reflected the differences between the types of mood disorder. BD participants showed high activity pattern in the morning and low activity pattern in evenings. However, MDD showed the opposite. Our results suggest that activity tracking focused on daytime activity patterns may provide objective auxiliary diagnostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunehiko Tanaka
- Educational Psychology Course, Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Japan
| | - Kumiko Kokubo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa, Japan
| | - Kazunori Iwasa
- Department of Educational Psychology, Shujitsu University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kosuke Sawa
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Psychology, Senshu University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Naoto Yamada
- Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ōtsu, Japan.,Kamibayashi Memorial Hospital, Ichinomiya, Japan
| | - Masashi Komori
- Faculty of Information and Communication Engineering, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa, Japan
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Prefrontal activation during a working memory task differs between patients with unipolar and bipolar depression: A preliminary exploratory study. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:64-70. [PMID: 28797920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify bipolar disorder during the initial stages of a depressive episode has always been a great clinical challenge. Patterns of functional brain activity may underlie the differences in the neural mechanisms of bipolar depression (BD) and unipolar depression (UD). This study aimed to investigate the differences in neural activity between BD and UD patients during executive task. METHODS We performed a 52-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) scan in 39 patients with BD, 35 patients with UD, and 36 healthy controls (HCs). The relative concentration changes in oxygenated hemoglobin ([oxy-Hb]) and deoxygenated hemoglobin ([deoxy-Hb]) during a 1-back working memory task were measured for each channel. Clinical characteristics including current mood were evaluated within one week prior to NIRS examination. RESULTS Compared to HCs, BD (CH34: Z = -2.354, P = 0.019) and UD patients (CH18: Z = -2.358, P = 0.018; CH30: Z = -2.174, P = 0.030; CH34: Z = -1.990, P = 0.047) showed reduced activation of [oxy-Hb] in the inferior prefrontal region. Compared to patients with UD, patients with BD showed less decreased [oxy-Hb] changes in the left frontopolar cortex (FPC) (CH18: Z = -2.366, P = 0.018), left pars opercularis and pars triangularis (POPE/PTRI) regions (Broca's area) (CH30: Z = -2.333, P = 0.020). No correlation existed between clinical characteristics and NIRS measurements. LIMITATIONS The effect of medication could not be excluded, and behavioral data was not systematically collected. CONCLUSION The results from this preliminary exploratory study suggest distinct prefrontal activation patterns underlie BD and UD, especially in the left frontopolar region and Broca's area. The NIRS-based prefrontal activation measurement may serve as a potential marker to aid in differentiating bipolar from unipolar depression.
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Kumar V, Shivakumar V, Chhabra H, Bose A, Venkatasubramanian G, Gangadhar BN. Functional near infra-red spectroscopy (fNIRS) in schizophrenia: A review. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 27:18-31. [PMID: 28558892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The research on the alterations in functional connectivity in schizophrenia has been facilitated by development of an array of functional neuroimaging techniques. Functional Near Infra Red Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a novel diffuse optical neuromonitring method with its own advantages and limitations. The advantages of fNIRS have made it to be frequently used as a research tool by medical community in different settings. In fNIRS the property of haemoglobin to absorb near infrared light is used to measure brain activity. It provides the indirect measurement of the neuronal activity in the areas of interest. The advantage of fNIRS being less restrictive has made it to be used more commonly in the research of psychiatric disorders in general, schizophrenia in particular. The fNIRS studies on patients with schizophrenia have shown haemodynamic hypo activation primarily in the prefrontal cortex during various cognitive tasks. In this review, initially we have briefly explained the basic principles of fNIRS followed by detailed review of fNIRS findings in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
| | - Venkataram Shivakumar
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Harleen Chhabra
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Anushree Bose
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Bangalore N Gangadhar
- The Schizophrenia Clinic, Department of Psychiatry & Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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