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Dalíková M, Provazníková I, Provazník J, Grof-Tisza P, Pepi A, Nguyen P. The Role of Repetitive Sequences in Repatterning of Major Ribosomal DNA Clusters in Lepidoptera. Genome Biol Evol 2023; 15:evad090. [PMID: 37226278 PMCID: PMC10257491 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Genes for major ribosomal RNAs (rDNA) are present in multiple copies mainly organized in tandem arrays. The number and position of rDNA loci can change dynamically and their repatterning is presumably driven by other repetitive sequences. We explored a peculiar rDNA organization in several representatives of Lepidoptera with either extremely large or numerous rDNA clusters. We combined molecular cytogenetics with analyses of second- and third-generation sequencing data to show that rDNA spreads as a transcription unit and reveal association between rDNA and various repeats. Furthermore, we performed comparative long read analyses among the species with derived rDNA distribution and moths with a single rDNA locus, which is considered ancestral. Our results suggest that satellite arrays, rather than mobile elements, facilitate homology-mediated spread of rDNA via either integration of extrachromosomal rDNA circles or ectopic recombination. The latter arguably better explains preferential spread of rDNA into terminal regions of lepidopteran chromosomes as efficiency of ectopic recombination depends on the proximity of homologous sequences to telomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Dalíková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Provazníková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Provazník
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Grof-Tisza
- Institute of Biology, Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Adam Pepi
- Department of Biology, Tufts University
| | - Petr Nguyen
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Provazníková I, Hejníčková M, Visser S, Dalíková M, Carabajal Paladino LZ, Zrzavá M, Voleníková A, Marec F, Nguyen P. Large-scale comparative analysis of cytogenetic markers across Lepidoptera. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12214. [PMID: 34108567 PMCID: PMC8190105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) allows identification of particular chromosomes and their rearrangements. Using FISH with signal enhancement via antibody amplification and enzymatically catalysed reporter deposition, we evaluated applicability of universal cytogenetic markers, namely 18S and 5S rDNA genes, U1 and U2 snRNA genes, and histone H3 genes, in the study of the karyotype evolution in moths and butterflies. Major rDNA underwent rather erratic evolution, which does not always reflect chromosomal changes. In contrast, the hybridization pattern of histone H3 genes was well conserved, reflecting the stable organisation of lepidopteran genomes. Unlike 5S rDNA and U1 and U2 snRNA genes which we failed to detect, except for 5S rDNA in a few representatives of early diverging lepidopteran lineages. To explain the negative FISH results, we used quantitative PCR and Southern hybridization to estimate the copy number and organization of the studied genes in selected species. The results suggested that their detection was hampered by long spacers between the genes and/or their scattered distribution. Our results question homology of 5S rDNA and U1 and U2 snRNA loci in comparative studies. We recommend the use of histone H3 in studies of karyotype evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Provazníková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Hejníčková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Sander Visser
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Dalíková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Magda Zrzavá
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Voleníková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - František Marec
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nguyen
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Carducci F, Barucca M, Canapa A, Carotti E, Biscotti MA. Mobile Elements in Ray-Finned Fish Genomes. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E221. [PMID: 32992841 PMCID: PMC7599744 DOI: 10.3390/life10100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii) are a very diverse group of vertebrates, encompassing species adapted to live in freshwater and marine environments, from the deep sea to high mountain streams. Genome sequencing offers a genetic resource for investigating the molecular bases of this phenotypic diversity and these adaptations to various habitats. The wide range of genome sizes observed in fishes is due to the role of transposable elements (TEs), which are powerful drivers of species diversity. Analyses performed to date provide evidence that class II DNA transposons are the most abundant component in most fish genomes and that compared to other vertebrate genomes, many TE superfamilies are present in actinopterygians. Moreover, specific TEs have been reported in ray-finned fishes as a possible result of an intricate relationship between TE evolution and the environment. The data summarized here underline the biological interest in Actinopterygii as a model group to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the high biodiversity observed in this taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Assunta Biscotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (F.C.); (M.B.); (A.C.); (E.C.)
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A novel ZZ/ZW chromosome morphology type in Eigenmannia virescens (Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) from upper Paraná River basin. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00401-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Usso MC, Santos ARD, Gouveia JG, Frantine-Silva W, Araya-Jaime C, Oliveira MLMD, Foresti F, Giuliano-Caetano L, Dias AL. Genetic and Chromosomal Differentiation of Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes, Heptapteridae) Revealed by Repetitive Molecular Markers and DNA Barcoding. Zebrafish 2018; 16:87-97. [PMID: 30227086 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2018.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhamdia quelen, a species of Heptapteridae, is considered to be a complex because of taxonomic and phylogenetic inconsistencies. Determining the physical location of repetitive DNA sequences on the chromosomes and the DNA barcode might increase our understanding of these inconsistencies within different groups of fish. To this end, we analyzed R. quelen populations from two river basins in Brazil, Paraguay and Parana, using DNA barcoding and different chromosomal markers, including U2 snDNA, which has never been analyzed for any Rhamdia species. Cytochrome c oxidase I gene sequence analysis revealed a significant differentiation among populations from the Miranda and Quexada rivers, with genetic distances compatible to those found among different species in neotropical fishes. Our results, in general, revealed a conservative chromosomal evolution in R. quelen and a differential distribution of some markers, such as 5S rDNA and U2 snDNA, in different populations. We suggest that R. quelen must undergo a major revision in its morphological, genetic, and cytogenetic molecular and taxonomic structure to elucidate possible operational taxonomic units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Campaner Usso
- 1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas (CCB), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Angélica Rossotti Dos Santos
- 1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas (CCB), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Juceli Gonzalez Gouveia
- 1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas (CCB), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Wilson Frantine-Silva
- 1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas (CCB), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Cristian Araya-Jaime
- 2 Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Fausto Foresti
- 2 Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lucia Giuliano-Caetano
- 1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas (CCB), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Dias
- 1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Centro de Ciências Biológicas (CCB), Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Pucci MB, Nogaroto V, Moreira-Filho O, Vicari MR. Dispersion of transposable elements and multigene families: Microstructural variation in Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) genomes. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:585-592. [PMID: 30043833 PMCID: PMC6136364 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes consist of several repetitive DNAs, including dispersed DNA
sequences that move between chromosome sites, tandem repeats of DNA sequences,
and multigene families. In this study, repeated sequences isolated from the
genome of Characidium gomesi were analyzed and mapped to
chromosomes in Characidium zebra and specimens from two
populations of C. gomesi. The sequences were transposable
elements (TEs) named retroelement of Xiphophorus (Rex);
multigene families of U2 small nuclear RNA (U2 snRNA); and
histones H1, H3, and H4. Sequence analyses revealed that U2
snRNA contains a major portion corresponding to the Tx1-type
non-LTR retrotransposon Keno, the preferential insertion sites
of which are U2 snRNA sequences. All histone sequences were
found to be associated with TEs. In situ localization revealed
that these DNA sequences are dispersed throughout the autosomes of the species,
but they are not involved in differentiation of the specific region of the W sex
chromosome in C. gomesi. We discuss mechanisms of TE invasion
into multigene families that lead to microstructural variation in
Characidium genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Baer Pucci
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Nogaroto
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Orlando Moreira-Filho
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ricardo Vicari
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
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Taboada X, Rey M, Bouza C, Viñas A. Cytogenomic analysis of several repetitive DNA elements in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Gene 2018; 644:4-12. [PMID: 29246535 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive DNA plays a fundamental role in the organization, size and evolution of eukaryotic genomes. The sequencing of the turbot revealed a small and compact genome, as in all flatfish studied to date. The assembly of repetitive regions is still incomplete because it is difficult to correctly identify their position, number and array. The combination of classical cytogenetic techniques along with high quality sequencing is essential to increase the knowledge of the structure and composition of these sequences and, thus, of the structure and function of the whole genome. In this work, the in silico analysis of H1 histone, 5S rDNA, telomeric and Rex repetitive sequences, was compared to their chromosomal mapping by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), providing a more comprehensive picture of these elements in the turbot genome. FISH assays confirmed the location of H1 in LG8; 5S rDNA in LG4 and LG6; telomeric sequences at the end of all chromosomes whereas Rex elements were dispersed along most chromosomes. The discrepancies found between both approaches could be related to the sequencing methodology applied in this species and also to the resolution limitations of the FISH technique. Turbot cytogenomic analyses have proven to add new chromosomal landmarks in the karyotype of this species, representing a powerful tool to investigate targeted genomic sequences or regions in the genetic and physical maps of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xoana Taboada
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Magalí Rey
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Bouza
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Ana Viñas
- Departamento de Zoología, Genética y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, CIBUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Araya-Jaime C, Mateussi NTB, Utsunomia R, Costa-Silva GJ, Oliveira C, Foresti F. ZZ/Z0: The New System of Sex Chromosomes in Eigenmannia aff. trilineata (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae) Characterized by Molecular Cytogenetics and DNA Barcoding. Zebrafish 2017; 14:464-470. [DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2017.1422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Araya-Jaime
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadayca T. Bonani Mateussi
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Utsunomia
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme J. Costa-Silva
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Araya-Jaime C, Lam N, Pinto IV, Méndez MA, Iturra P. Chromosomal organization of four classes of repetitive DNA sequences in killifish Orestias ascotanensis Parenti, 1984 (Cyprinodontiformes, Cyprinodontidae). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2017; 11:463-475. [PMID: 29093798 PMCID: PMC5646654 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v11i3.11729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Orestias Valenciennes, 1839 is a genus of freshwater fish endemic to the South American Altiplano. Cytogenetic studies of these species have focused on conventional karyotyping. The aim of this study was to use classical and molecular cytogenetic methods to identify the constitutive heterochromatin distribution and chromosome organization of four classes of repetitive DNA sequences (histone H3 DNA, U2 snRNA, 18S rDNA and 5S rDNA) in the chromosomes of O. ascotanensis Parenti, 1984, an endemic species restricted to the Salar de Ascotán in the Chilean Altiplano. All individuals analyzed had a diploid number of 48 chromosomes. C-banding identified constitutive heterochromatin mainly in the pericentromeric region of most chromosomes, especially a GC-rich heterochromatic block of the short arm of pair 3. FISH assay with an 18S probe confirmed the location of the NOR in pair 3 and revealed that the minor rDNA cluster occurs interstitially on the long arm of pair 2. Dual FISH identified a single block of U2 snDNA sequences in the pericentromeric regions of a subtelocentric chromosome pair, while histone H3 sites were observed as small signals scattered in throughout the all chromosomes. This work represents the first effort to document the physical organization of the repetitive fraction of the Orestias genome. These data will improve our understanding of the chromosomal evolution of a genus facing serious conservation problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Araya-Jaime
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, ICBM, Programa de Genética Humana, Casilla 70061, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Lam
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile. Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Irma Vila Pinto
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, CP 780-0024, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco A. Méndez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653, CP 780-0024, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Iturra
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, ICBM, Programa de Genética Humana, Casilla 70061, Santiago, Chile
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Suárez P, Pinto Barroso ICG, Silva DDS, Milhomem SSR, Cabral-de-Mello DC, Martins C, Pieczarka JC, Nagamachi CY. Highest Diploid Number Among Gymnotiformes: First Cytogenetic Insights into Rhabdolichops (Sternopygidae). Zebrafish 2017; 14:272-279. [PMID: 28394248 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first comparative cytogenetic analysis of two species from electrogenic fish of genus Rhabdolichops (Sternopygidae, Gymnotiformes): Rhabdolichops troscheli and Rhabdolichops cf eastwardi. R. troscheli has 2n = 54 (fundamental number [FN] = 66), whereas R. cf. eastwardi has 2n = 74 (FN = 78). C-banding revealed centromeric constitutive heterochromatin in both species. Ag-NORs mapped on pair 6 in R. troscheli and pair 30 in R. cf eastwardi. Fluorescense in situ hybridization with 18S rDNA probes confirmed the Ag-NOR staining results and revealed additional (presumably silent) ribosomal genes on pairs 12, 13, 21, 23, 26, and 27 in R. cf eastwardi. 5S rDNA was found on the centromeres of pair 7 in both species. Telomeric probes showed only distal locations. Dispersed signal patterns were obtained using probes for retrotransposons Rex1 and Rex3. Histone H1 and H3 genes were found together on pair 6 in R. cf eastwardi. The high diploid number found in Rhabdolichops suggests that chromosome fission may have contributed to its chromosomal evolution, phylogenetic relationship of the Sternopygidae suggests that this increase in diploid number could be a synapomorphic characteristic of genus Rhabdolichops. Although both species are phylogenetically close related, their karyotype structure has undergone divergent evolutionary directions. All in all, our results strongly suggest that R. cf eastwardi experencied recent intense genome reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Suárez
- 1 Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Brazil
- 2 Instituto de Biología Subtropical , CONICET-UNaM, Puerto Iguazú, Argentina
| | - Inaê Cristina Guerreiro Pinto Barroso
- 1 Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Susana S R Milhomem
- 4 Instituto Federal de Educação , Ciência e Tecnologia de Goiás, Valparaiso de Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar Martins
- 6 Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho , Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Pieczarka
- 1 Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Brazil
| | - Cleusa Yoshiko Nagamachi
- 1 Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará , Belém, Brazil
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