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Stankovic S, Shekari S, Huang QQ, Gardner EJ, Ivarsdottir EV, Owens NDL, Mavaddat N, Azad A, Hawkes G, Kentistou KA, Beaumont RN, Day FR, Zhao Y, Jonsson H, Rafnar T, Tragante V, Sveinbjornsson G, Oddsson A, Styrkarsdottir U, Gudmundsson J, Stacey SN, Gudbjartsson DF, Kennedy K, Wood AR, Weedon MN, Ong KK, Wright CF, Hoffmann ER, Sulem P, Hurles ME, Ruth KS, Martin HC, Stefansson K, Perry JRB, Murray A. Genetic links between ovarian ageing, cancer risk and de novo mutation rates. Nature 2024; 633:608-614. [PMID: 39261734 PMCID: PMC11410666 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Human genetic studies of common variants have provided substantial insight into the biological mechanisms that govern ovarian ageing1. Here we report analyses of rare protein-coding variants in 106,973 women from the UK Biobank study, implicating genes with effects around five times larger than previously found for common variants (ETAA1, ZNF518A, PNPLA8, PALB2 and SAMHD1). The SAMHD1 association reinforces the link between ovarian ageing and cancer susceptibility1, with damaging germline variants being associated with extended reproductive lifespan and increased all-cause cancer risk in both men and women. Protein-truncating variants in ZNF518A are associated with shorter reproductive lifespan-that is, earlier age at menopause (by 5.61 years) and later age at menarche (by 0.56 years). Finally, using 8,089 sequenced trios from the 100,000 Genomes Project (100kGP), we observe that common genetic variants associated with earlier ovarian ageing associate with an increased rate of maternally derived de novo mutations. Although we were unable to replicate the finding in independent samples from the deCODE study, it is consistent with the expected role of DNA damage response genes in maintaining the genetic integrity of germ cells. This study provides evidence of genetic links between age of menopause and cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stasa Stankovic
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Saleh Shekari
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Qin Qin Huang
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eugene J Gardner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nick D L Owens
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nasim Mavaddat
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ajuna Azad
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gareth Hawkes
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Katherine A Kentistou
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robin N Beaumont
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Felix R Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yajie Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kitale Kennedy
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew R Wood
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael N Weedon
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline F Wright
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Eva R Hoffmann
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Matthew E Hurles
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine S Ruth
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Hilary C Martin
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - John R B Perry
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Anna Murray
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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2
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Messina M, Vaz FM, Rahman S. Mitochondrial membrane synthesis, remodelling and cellular trafficking. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024. [PMID: 38872485 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic cellular organelles with complex roles in metabolism and signalling. Primary mitochondrial disorders are a group of approximately 400 monogenic disorders arising from pathogenic genetic variants impacting mitochondrial structure, ultrastructure and/or function. Amongst these disorders, defects of complex lipid biosynthesis, especially of the unique mitochondrial membrane lipid cardiolipin, and membrane biology are an emerging group characterised by clinical heterogeneity, but with recurrent features including cardiomyopathy, encephalopathy, neurodegeneration, neuropathy and 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. This review discusses lipid synthesis in the mitochondrial membrane, the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organising system (MICOS), mitochondrial dynamics and trafficking, and the disorders associated with defects of each of these processes. We highlight overlapping functions of proteins involved in lipid biosynthesis and protein import into the mitochondria, pointing to an overarching coordination and synchronisation of mitochondrial functions. This review also focuses on membrane interactions between mitochondria and other organelles, namely the endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, lysosomes and lipid droplets. We signpost disorders of these membrane interactions that may explain the observation of secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in heterogeneous pathological processes. Disruption of these organellar interactions ultimately impairs cellular homeostasis and organismal health, highlighting the central role of mitochondria in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Messina
- Mitochondrial Research Group, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Metabolic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shamima Rahman
- Mitochondrial Research Group, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Metabolic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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3
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Abdel-Hamid MS, Abdel-Salam GMH, Abdel-Ghafar SF, Zaki MS. Delineating the phenotype of PNPLA8-related mitochondriopathies. Clin Genet 2024; 105:92-98. [PMID: 37671596 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in PNPLA8 have been described either with congenital onset displaying congenital microcephaly, early onset epileptic encephalopathy and early lethality or childhood neurodegeneration with progressive microcephaly. Moreover, a phenotype comprising adulthood onset cerebellar ataxia and peripheral neuropathy was also reported. To our knowledge, only six patients with biallelic variants in PNPLA8 have been reported so far. Here, we report the clinical and molecular characterizations of three additional patients in whom exome sequencing identified a loss of function variant (c.1231C>T, p.Arg411Ter) in Family I and a missense variant (c.1559T>A, p.Val520Asp) in Family II in PNPLA8. Patient 1 presented with the congenital form of the disease while Patients 2 and 3 showed progressive microcephaly, infantile onset seizures, progressive cortical atrophy, white matter loss, bilateral degeneration of basal ganglia, and cystic encephalomalacia. Therefore, our results add the infantile onset as a new distinct phenotype of the disease and suggest that the site of the variant rather than its type is strongly correlated with the disease onset. In addition, these conditions demonstrate some overlapping features representing a spectrum with clinical features always aligning with different age of onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Abdel-Hamid
- Medical Molecular Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada M H Abdel-Salam
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif F Abdel-Ghafar
- Medical Molecular Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Burnyte B, Vilimiene R, Grigalioniene K, Adomaitiene I, Utkus A. Cerebellar Ataxia and Peripheral Neuropathy in a Family With PNPLA8-Associated Disease. Neurol Genet 2023; 9:e200068. [PMID: 37057294 PMCID: PMC10088641 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To describe clinical and genetic findings in 2 siblings with slowly progressive ataxia. Methods We studied 2 adult siblings through detailed physical and instrumental examinations. Whole-exome sequencing was used to identify an underlying genetic cause. Results Both siblings presented with adolescence-onset ataxia, progressive sensorimotor polyneuropathy, and preserved cognition over time. The onset of symptoms was between 10 and 14 years of age. A brain MRI demonstrated mild cerebellar atrophy in the older brother at age 45 years. Exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants c.2269del (p.(Thr757GlnfsTer10)) and c.2275_2276del (p.(Leu759AlafsTer4)) in PNPLA8. The novel variant c.2269del results in frameshift with a premature stop codon p.(Thr757GlnfsTer10) and loss of normal enzyme function. Discussion Our findings support the theory that biallelic loss-of-function PNPLA8 variants are involved in neurodegenerative mitochondrial disease. Compared with patients previously described, these patients' phenotype may be interpreted as a milder phenotype associated with a slight progression of ataxia throughout adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birute Burnyte
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (B.B., K.G., A.U.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Clinical Medicine (R.V.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; and Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos (I.A.), Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ramune Vilimiene
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (B.B., K.G., A.U.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Clinical Medicine (R.V.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; and Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos (I.A.), Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Grigalioniene
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (B.B., K.G., A.U.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Clinical Medicine (R.V.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; and Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos (I.A.), Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Irina Adomaitiene
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (B.B., K.G., A.U.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Clinical Medicine (R.V.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; and Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos (I.A.), Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Utkus
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (B.B., K.G., A.U.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; Institute of Clinical Medicine (R.V.), Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; and Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos (I.A.), Vilnius, Lithuania
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Zhao X, Amevor FK, Cui Z, Wan Y, Xue X, Peng C, Li Y. Steatosis in metabolic diseases: A focus on lipolysis and lipophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114311. [PMID: 36764133 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs), as part of lipids, are involved in cell membrane composition, cellular energy storage, and cell signaling. FAs can also be toxic when their concentrations inside and/or outside the cell exceed physiological levels, which is called "lipotoxicity", and steatosis is a form of lipotoxity. To facilitate the storage of large quantities of FAs in cells, they undergo a process called lipolysis or lipophagy. This review focuses on the effects of lipolytic enzymes including cytoplasmic "neutral" lipolysis, lysosomal "acid" lipolysis, and lipophagy. Moreover, the impact of related lipolytic enzymes on lipid metabolism homeostasis and energy conservation, as well as their role in lipid-related metabolic diseases. In addition, we describe how they affect lipid metabolism homeostasis and energy conservation in lipid-related metabolic diseases with a focus on hepatic steatosis and cancer and the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of AMPK/SIRTs/FOXOs, PI3K/Akt, PPARs/PGC-1α, MAPK/ERK1/2, TLR4/NF-κB, AMPK/mTOR/TFEB, Wnt/β-catenin through immune inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy-related pathways. As well as the current application of lipolytic enzyme inhibitors (especially Monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) inhibitors) to provide new strategies for future exploration of metabolic programming in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingtao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhifu Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Abitbol M, Jagannathan V, Laurent N, Noblet E, Dutil GF, Troupel T, de Dufaure de Citres C, Gache V, Blot S, Escriou C, Leeb T. A PNPLA8 frameshift variant in Australian shepherd dogs with hereditary ataxia. Anim Genet 2022; 53:709-712. [PMID: 35864734 PMCID: PMC9545373 DOI: 10.1111/age.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary ataxias are common among canine breeds with various molecular etiology. We identified a hereditary ataxia in young‐adult Australian Shepherd dogs characterized by uncoordinated movements and spasticity, worsening progressively and leading to inability to walk. Pedigree analysis suggested an autosomal recessive transmission. By whole genome sequencing and variant filtering of an affected dog we identified a PNPLA8:c.1169_1170dupTT variant. This variant, located in PNPLA8 (Patatin Like Phospholipase Domain Containing 8), was predicted to induce a PNPLA8:p.(His391PhefsTer394) frameshift, leading to a premature stop codon in the protein. The truncated protein was predicted to lack the functional patatin catalytic domain of PNPLA8, a calcium‐independent phospholipase. PNPLA8 is known to be essential for maintaining mitochondrial energy production through tailoring mitochondrial membrane lipid metabolism and composition. The Australian Shepherd ataxia shares molecular and clinical features with Weaver syndrome in cattle and the mitochondrial‐related neurodegeneration associated with PNPLA8 loss‐of‐function variants in humans. By genotyping a cohort of 85 control Australian Shepherd dogs sampled in France, we found a 4.7% carrier frequency. The PNPLA8:c.[1169_1170dupTT] allele is easily detectable with a genetic test to avoid at‐risk matings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Abitbol
- Univ Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy-l'Etoile, France.,Institut NeuroMyoGène INMG-PNMG, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine, Rockefeller, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Guillaume F Dutil
- Division of Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery, CHV Atlantia, Nantes, France
| | - Thibaut Troupel
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Vincent Gache
- Institut NeuroMyoGène INMG-PNMG, CNRS UMR5261, INSERM U1315, Faculté de Médecine, Rockefeller, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Blot
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Univ Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Tosso Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Masih S, Moirangthem A, Shambhavi A, Rai A, Mandal K, Saxena D, Nilay M, Agrawal N, Srivastava S, Sait H, Phadke SR. Deciphering the molecular landscape of microcephaly in 87 Indian families by exome sequencing. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104520. [PMID: 35568357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microcephaly is a frequent feature of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Our study presents the heterogeneous spectrum of genetic disorders in patients with microcephaly either in isolated form or in association with other neurological and extra-neural abnormalities. We present data of 91 patients from 87 unrelated families referred to our clinic during 2016-2020 and provide a comprehensive clinical and genetic landscape in the studied cohort. Molecular diagnosis using exome sequencing was made in 45 families giving a yield of 51.7%. In 9 additional families probable causative variants were detected. We identified disease causing variations in 49 genes that are involved in different functional pathways Among these, 36 had an autosomal recessive pattern, 8 had an autosomal dominant pattern (all inherited de novo), and 5 had an X-linked pattern. In 41 probands where sequence variations in autosomal recessive genes were identified 31 were homozygotes (including 16 from non-consanguineous families). The study added 28 novel pathogenic/likely pathogenic variations. The study also calls attention to phenotypic variability and expansion in spectrum as well as uncovers genes where microcephaly is not reported previously or is a rare finding. We here report phenotypes associated with the genes for ultra-rare NDDs with microcephaly namely ATRIP, MINPP1, PNPLA8, AIMP2, ANKLE2, NCAPD2 and TRIT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzena Masih
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Amita Moirangthem
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Arya Shambhavi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Archana Rai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Kausik Mandal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepti Saxena
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Mayank Nilay
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Neha Agrawal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Somya Srivastava
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Haseena Sait
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Shubha R Phadke
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
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Transcriptomic Analysis of Long Noncoding RNA and mRNA Expression Profiles in the Amygdala of Rats with Bone Cancer Pain-Depression Comorbidity. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080834. [PMID: 34440578 PMCID: PMC8400935 DOI: 10.3390/life11080834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer pain (BCP)–depression comorbidity has become a complex clinical problem during cancer treatment; however, its underlying molecular mechanisms have not been clarified. Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be promising therapeutic targets in depression, but research on the role of lncRNAs in BCP–depression comorbidity has been limited. Therefore, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed to detect differentially expressed profiles in the amygdala of a BCP–depression rat model in this study. We detected 330 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and 78 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in the BCP–depression comorbidity model and then verified the expression of six DEmRNAs and six DElncRNAs with the greatest degrees of difference by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes were strongly enriched in inflammatory and immunologic systemic responses. Then the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and the Th17 differentiation pathway showed significant differences, as determined by Western blot analysis. Finally, we constructed a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network to explore the potential regulatory mechanism of DEmRNAs. In conclusion, our study reveals a new resource for the understanding of dysregulated lncRNAs and mRNAs in BCP–depression comorbidity and provides novel potential therapeutic targets for further approaches.
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