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Huang J, Kuang W, Zhou Z. IL-1 signaling pathway, an important target for inflammation surrounding in myocardial infarction. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2235-2252. [PMID: 38676853 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01481-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is an important cardiovascular disease worldwide. Although the mortality rate of myocardial infarction (MI) has improved dramatically in recent years due to timely treatment, adverse remodeling of the left ventricle continues to affect cardiac function. Various immune cells are involved in this process to induce inflammation and amplification. The infiltration of inflammatory cells in the infarcted myocardium is induced by various cytokines and chemokines, and the recruitment of leukocytes further amplifies the inflammatory response. As an increasing number of clinical anti-inflammatory therapies have achieved significant success in recent years, treating myocardial infarction by targeting inflammation may become a novel therapeutic option. In particular, successful clinical trials of canakinumab have demonstrated the important role of the inflammatory factor interleukin-1 (IL-1) in atherosclerosis. Targeted IL-1 therapy may decrease inflammation levels and improve cardiac function in patients after myocardial infarction. This article reviews the complex series of responses after myocardial infarction, including the involvement of inflammatory cells and the role of cytokines and chemokines, focusing on the progression of the IL-1 family in myocardial infarction as well as the performance of current targeted therapy drugs in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenlong Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zihua Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Engineering Research Center of Immunological Diagnosis and Therapy of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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2
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Sui Y, Meyer TJ, Fennessey CM, Keele BF, Dadkhah K, Ma C, LaBranche CC, Breed MW, Kramer JA, Li J, Howe SE, Ferrari G, Williams LD, Cam M, Kelly MC, Shen X, Tomaras GD, Montefiori D, Greten TF, Miller CJ, Berzofsky JA. Innate protection against intrarectal SIV acquisition by a live SHIV vaccine. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175800. [PMID: 38912579 PMCID: PMC11383375 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying immune correlates of protection is a major challenge in AIDS vaccine development. Anti-Envelope antibodies have been considered critical for protection against SIV/HIV (SHIV) acquisition. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of an SHIV vaccine against SIVmac251 challenge, where the role of antibody was excluded, as there was no cross-reactivity between SIV and SHIV envelope antibodies. After 8 low-dose intrarectal challenges with SIVmac251, 12 SHIV-vaccinated animals demonstrated efficacy, compared with 6 naive controls, suggesting protection was achieved in the absence of anti-envelope antibodies. Interestingly, CD8+ T cells (and some NK cells) were not essential for preventing viral acquisition, as none of the CD8-depleted macaques were infected by SIVmac251 challenges. Initial investigation of protective innate immunity revealed that protected animals had elevated pathways related to platelet aggregation/activation and reduced pathways related to interferon and responses to virus. Moreover, higher expression of platelet factor 4 on circulating platelet-leukocyte aggregates was associated with reduced viral acquisition. Our data highlighted the importance of innate immunity, identified mechanisms, and may provide opportunities for novel HIV vaccines or therapeutic strategy development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Kimia Dadkhah
- Single Cell Analysis Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Chi Ma
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Celia C LaBranche
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew W Breed
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Josh A Kramer
- Laboratory Animal Sciences Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | - LaTonya D Williams
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maggie Cam
- CCR Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael C Kelly
- Single Cell Analysis Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaoying Shen
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute and
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tim F Greten
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christopher J Miller
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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3
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Yang Y, Du Y, Ivanov D, Niu C, Clare R, Smith JW, Nazy I, Kaltashov IA. Molecular architecture and platelet-activating properties of small immune complexes assembled on heparin and platelet factor 4. Commun Biol 2024; 7:308. [PMID: 38467823 PMCID: PMC10928113 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an adverse reaction to heparin leading to a reduction in circulating platelets with an increased risk of thrombosis. It is precipitated by polymerized immune complexes consisting of pathogenic antibodies that recognize a small chemokine platelet factor 4 (PF4) bound to heparin. Characterization of these immune complexes is extremely challenging due to the enormous structural heterogeneity of such macromolecular assemblies and their constituents. Native mass spectrometry demonstrates that up to three PF4 tetramers can be assembled on a heparin chain, consistent with the molecular modeling studies showing facile polyanion wrapping along the polycationic belt on the PF4 surface. Although these assemblies can accommodate a maximum of only two antibodies, the resulting immune complexes are capable of platelet activation despite their modest size. Taken together, these studies provide further insight into molecular mechanisms of HIT and other immune disorders where anti-PF4 antibodies play a central role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Daniil Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Chendi Niu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Rumi Clare
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - James W Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ishac Nazy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Igor A Kaltashov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
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4
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Han X, Song X, Xiao Z, Zhu G, Gao R, Ni B, Li J. Study on the mechanism of MDSC-platelets and their role in the breast cancer microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1310442. [PMID: 38404689 PMCID: PMC10884319 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1310442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are key immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that play critical roles in promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Tumor-associated platelets (TAPs) help cancer cells evade the immune system and promote metastasis. In this paper, we describe the interaction between MDSCs and TAPs, including their generation, secretion, activation, and recruitment, as well as the effects of MDSCs and platelets on the generation and changes in the immune, metabolic, and angiogenic breast cancer (BC) microenvironments. In addition, we summarize preclinical and clinical studies, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapeutic approaches, and new technologies related to targeting and preventing MDSCs from interacting with TAPs to modulate the BC TME, discuss the potential mechanisms, and provide perspectives for future development. The therapeutic strategies discussed in this review may have implications in promoting the normalization of the BC TME, reducing primary tumor growth and distant lung metastasis, and improving the efficiency of anti-tumor therapy, thereby improving the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients. However, despite the significant advances in understanding these mechanisms and therapeutic strategies, the complexity and heterogeneity of MDSCs and side effects of antiplatelet agents remain challenging. This requires further investigation in future prospective cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpu Han
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Song
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruike Gao
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyi Ni
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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5
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Weber C, Habenicht AJR, von Hundelshausen P. Novel mechanisms and therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis: inflammation and beyond. Eur Heart J 2023:7175015. [PMID: 37210082 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This review based on the ESC William Harvey Lecture in Basic Science 2022 highlights recent experimental and translational progress on the therapeutic targeting of the inflammatory components in atherosclerosis, introducing novel strategies to limit side effects and to increase efficacy. Since the validation of the inflammatory paradigm in CANTOS and COLCOT, efforts to control the residual risk conferred by inflammation have centred on the NLRP3 inflammasome-driven IL-1β-IL6 axis. Interference with the co-stimulatory dyad CD40L-CD40 and selective targeting of tumour necrosis factor-receptor associated factors (TRAFs), namely the TRAF6-CD40 interaction in macrophages by small molecule inhibitors, harbour intriguing options to reduce established atherosclerosis and plaque instability without immune side effects. The chemokine system crucial for shaping immune cell recruitment and homoeostasis can be fine-tuned and modulated by its heterodimer interactome. Structure-function analysis enabled the design of cyclic, helical, or linked peptides specifically targeting or mimicking these interactions to limit atherosclerosis or thrombosis by blunting myeloid recruitment, boosting regulatory T cells, inhibiting platelet activity, or specifically blocking the atypical chemokine MIF without notable side effects. Finally, adventitial neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces in advanced atherosclerosis show robust restructuring of innervation from perivascular ganglia and employ sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia to enter the central nervous system and to establish an atherosclerosis-brain circuit sensor, while sympathetic and vagal efferents project to the celiac ganglion to create an atherosclerosis-brain circuit effector. Disrupting this circuitry by surgical or chemical sympathectomy limited disease progression and enhanced plaque stability, opening exciting perspectives for selective and tailored intervention beyond anti-inflammatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas J R Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
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6
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Yang Y, Du Y, Ivanov D, Niu C, Clare R, Smith JW, Nazy I, Kaltashov IA. Molecular architecture and platelet-activating properties of small immune complexes assembled on intact heparin and their possible involvement in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.11.528150. [PMID: 36798284 PMCID: PMC9934687 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.11.528150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an adverse reaction to heparin leading to a reduction in circulating platelets with an increased risk of thrombosis. It is precipitated by polymerized immune complexes consisting of pathogenic antibodies that recognize a small chemokine platelet factor 4 (PF4) bound to heparin, which trigger platelet activation and a hypercoagulable state. Characterization of these immune complexes is extremely challenging due to the enormous structural heterogeneity of such macromolecular assemblies and their constituents (especially heparin). We use native mass spectrometry to characterize small immune complexes formed by PF4, heparin and monoclonal HIT-specific antibodies. Up to three PF4 tetramers can be assembled on a heparin chain, consistent with the results of molecular modeling studies showing facile polyanion wrapping along the polycationic belt on the PF4 surface. Although these assemblies can accommodate a maximum of only two antibodies, the resulting immune complexes are capable of platelet activation despite their modest size. Taken together, these studies provide further insight into molecular mechanisms of HIT and other immune disorders where anti-PF4 antibodies play a central role.
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7
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Platelet-Neutrophil Crosstalk in Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021266. [PMID: 36674781 PMCID: PMC9861587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are essential for the formation of a haemostatic plug to prevent bleeding, while neutrophils are the guardians of our immune defences against invading pathogens. The interplay between platelets and innate immunity, and subsequent triggering of the activation of coagulation is part of the host system to prevent systemic spread of pathogen in the blood stream. Aberrant immunothrombosis and excessive inflammation can however, contribute to the thrombotic burden observed in many cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we highlight how platelets and neutrophils interact with each other and how their crosstalk is central to both arterial and venous thrombosis and in COVID-19. While targeting platelets and coagulation enables efficient antithrombotic treatments, they are often accompanied with a bleeding risk. We also discuss how novel approaches to reduce platelet-mediated recruitment of neutrophils could represent promising therapies to treat thrombosis without affecting haemostasis.
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8
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Platelet factor 4 (CXCL4/PF4) upregulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in gingival fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18636. [PMID: 36329090 PMCID: PMC9633774 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19850-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the release of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) from resident connective tissue cells in tooth-supporting tissues (periodontium). Platelet activation, and the attendant release of pro-inflammatory chemokines such as platelet factor 4 (CXCL4/PF4), are associated with periodontitis although the associated biochemical pathways remain undefined. Here we report that recombinant PF4 is internalized by cultured human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs), resulting in significant (p < 0.05) upregulation in both the production and release of MMP-2 (gelatinase A). This finding was corroborated by elevated circulating levels of MMP-2 (p < 0.05) in PF4-overexpressing transgenic mice, relative to controls. We also determined that PF4 induces the phosphorylation of NF-κB; notably, the suppression of NF-κB signaling by the inhibitor BAY 11-7082 abrogated PF4-induced MMP-2 upregulation. Moreover, the inhibition of surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) blocked both PF4 binding and NF-κB phosphorylation. Partial blockade of PF4 binding to the cells was achieved by treatment with either chondroitinase ABC or heparinase III, suggesting that both chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate mediate PF4 signaling. These results identify a novel pathway in which PF4 upregulates MMP-2 release from fibroblasts in an NF-κB- and GAG-dependent manner, and further our comprehension of the role of platelet signaling in periodontal tissue homeostasis.
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9
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Brandhofer M, Hoffmann A, Blanchet X, Siminkovitch E, Rohlfing AK, El Bounkari O, Nestele JA, Bild A, Kontos C, Hille K, Rohde V, Fröhlich A, Golemi J, Gokce O, Krammer C, Scheiermann P, Tsilimparis N, Sachs N, Kempf WE, Maegdefessel L, Otabil MK, Megens RTA, Ippel H, Koenen RR, Luo J, Engelmann B, Mayo KH, Gawaz M, Kapurniotu A, Weber C, von Hundelshausen P, Bernhagen J. Heterocomplexes between the atypical chemokine MIF and the CXC-motif chemokine CXCL4L1 regulate inflammation and thrombus formation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:512. [PMID: 36094626 PMCID: PMC9468113 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04539-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
To fulfil its orchestration of immune cell trafficking, a network of chemokines and receptors developed that capitalizes on specificity, redundancy, and functional selectivity. The discovery of heteromeric interactions in the chemokine interactome has expanded the complexity within this network. Moreover, some inflammatory mediators, not structurally linked to classical chemokines, bind to chemokine receptors and behave as atypical chemokines (ACKs). We identified macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) as an ACK that binds to chemokine receptors CXCR2 and CXCR4 to promote atherogenic leukocyte recruitment. Here, we hypothesized that chemokine–chemokine interactions extend to ACKs and that MIF forms heterocomplexes with classical chemokines. We tested this hypothesis by using an unbiased chemokine protein array. Platelet chemokine CXCL4L1 (but not its variant CXCL4 or the CXCR2/CXCR4 ligands CXCL8 or CXCL12) was identified as a candidate interactor. MIF/CXCL4L1 complexation was verified by co-immunoprecipitation, surface plasmon-resonance analysis, and microscale thermophoresis, also establishing high-affinity binding. We next determined whether heterocomplex formation modulates inflammatory/atherogenic activities of MIF. Complex formation was observed to inhibit MIF-elicited T-cell chemotaxis as assessed by transwell migration assay and in a 3D-matrix-based live cell-imaging set-up. Heterocomplexation also blocked MIF-triggered migration of microglia in cortical cultures in situ, as well as MIF-mediated monocyte adhesion on aortic endothelial cell monolayers under flow stress conditions. Of note, CXCL4L1 blocked binding of Alexa-MIF to a soluble surrogate of CXCR4 and co-incubation with CXCL4L1 attenuated MIF responses in HEK293-CXCR4 transfectants, indicating that complex formation interferes with MIF/CXCR4 pathways. Because MIF and CXCL4L1 are platelet-derived products, we finally tested their role in platelet activation. Multi-photon microscopy, FLIM-FRET, and proximity-ligation assay visualized heterocomplexes in platelet aggregates and in clinical human thrombus sections obtained from peripheral artery disease (PAD) in patients undergoing thrombectomy. Moreover, heterocomplexes inhibited MIF-stimulated thrombus formation under flow and skewed the lamellipodia phenotype of adhering platelets. Our study establishes a novel molecular interaction that adds to the complexity of the chemokine interactome and chemokine/receptor-network. MIF/CXCL4L1, or more generally, ACK/CXC-motif chemokine heterocomplexes may be target structures that can be exploited to modulate inflammation and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Brandhofer
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Hoffmann
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Xavier Blanchet
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU University Hospital (LMU Klinikum), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Pettenkofer Straße 8a/9, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Elena Siminkovitch
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Rohlfing
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Omar El Bounkari
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeremy A Nestele
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Bild
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christos Kontos
- Division of Peptide Biochemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München (TUM), 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Kathleen Hille
- Division of Peptide Biochemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München (TUM), 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Vanessa Rohde
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Fröhlich
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jona Golemi
- Systems Neuroscience Group, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ozgun Gokce
- Systems Neuroscience Group, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Krammer
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Patrick Scheiermann
- Department of Anesthesiology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Tsilimparis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Nadja Sachs
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), 81675, Munich, Germany.,Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang E Kempf
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München (TUM), 81675, Munich, Germany.,Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael K Otabil
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Remco T A Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU University Hospital (LMU Klinikum), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Pettenkofer Straße 8a/9, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Ippel
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Junfu Luo
- Vascular Biology and Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Engelmann
- Vascular Biology and Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Health Sciences Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Aphrodite Kapurniotu
- Division of Peptide Biochemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München (TUM), 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU University Hospital (LMU Klinikum), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Pettenkofer Straße 8a/9, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377, Munich, Germany.,Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU University Hospital (LMU Klinikum), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Pettenkofer Straße 8a/9, 80336, Munich, Germany. .,Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Division of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Feodor-Lynen-Straße 17, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377, Munich, Germany. .,Munich Heart Alliance, 80802, Munich, Germany.
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10
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Leberzammer J, Agten SM, Blanchet X, Duan R, Ippel H, Megens RT, Schulz C, Aslani M, Duchene J, Döring Y, Jooss NJ, Zhang P, Brandl R, Stark K, Siess W, Jurk K, Heemskerk JW, Hackeng TM, Mayo KH, Weber C, von Hundelshausen P. Targeting platelet-derived CXCL12 impedes arterial thrombosis. Blood 2022; 139:2691-2705. [PMID: 35313337 PMCID: PMC11022931 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020010140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevention and treatment of arterial thrombosis continue to be clinically challenging, and understanding the relevant molecular mechanisms in detail may facilitate the quest to identify novel targets and therapeutic approaches that improve protection from ischemic and bleeding events. The chemokine CXCL12 augments collagen-induced platelet aggregation by activating its receptor CXCR4. Here we show that inhibition of CXCR4 attenuates platelet aggregation induced by collagen or human plaque homogenate under static and arterial flow conditions by antagonizing the action of platelet-secreted CXCL12. We further show that platelet-specific CXCL12 deficiency in mice limits arterial thrombosis by affecting thrombus growth and stability without increasing tail bleeding time. Accordingly, neointimal lesion formation after carotid artery injury was attenuated in these mice. Mechanistically, CXCL12 activated via CXCR4 a signaling cascade involving Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) that led to integrin αIIbβ3 activation, platelet aggregation, and granule release. The heterodimeric interaction between CXCL12 and CCL5 can inhibit CXCL12-mediated effects as mimicked by CCL5-derived peptides such as [VREY]4. An improved variant of this peptide, i[VREY]4, binds to CXCL12 in a complex with CXCR4 on the surface of activated platelets, thereby inhibiting Btk activation and preventing platelet CXCL12-dependent arterial thrombosis. In contrast to standard antiplatelet therapies such as aspirin or P2Y12 inhibition, i[VREY]4 reduced CXCL12-induced platelet aggregation and yet did not prolong in vitro bleeding time. We provide evidence that platelet-derived CXCL12 is involved in arterial thrombosis and can be specifically targeted by peptides that harbor potential therapeutic value against atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Leberzammer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Stijn M. Agten
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Xavier Blanchet
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rundan Duan
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Remco T.A. Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Schulz
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Aslani
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Johan Duchene
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Angiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Natalie J. Jooss
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pengyu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften–ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Richard Brandl
- Institute for Vascular Surgery and Phlebology am Marienplatz, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Stark
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Siess
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Jurk
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johan W.M. Heemskerk
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Tilman M. Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin H. Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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11
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Duan R, Goldmann L, Li Y, Weber C, Siess W, von Hundelshausen P. Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation in Blood Is Mediated by FcγRIIA Stimulation of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010076. [PMID: 35008508 PMCID: PMC8744796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
High platelet reactivity leading to spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) is a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases; however, the mechanism underlying SPA remains obscure. Platelet aggregation in stirred hirudin-anticoagulated blood was measured by multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA) for 10 min. SPA started after a delay of 2–3 min. In our cohort of healthy blood donors (n = 118), nine donors (8%) with high SPA (>250 AU*min) were detected. Pre-incubation of blood with two different antibodies against the platelet Fc-receptor (anti-FcγRIIA, CD32a) significantly reduced high SPA by 86%. High but not normal SPA was dose-dependently and significantly reduced by blocking Fc of human IgG with a specific antibody. SPA was completely abrogated by blood pre-incubation with the reversible Btk-inhibitor (BTKi) fenebrutinib (50 nM), and 3 h after intake of the irreversible BTKi ibrutinib (280 mg) by healthy volunteers. Increased SPA was associated with higher platelet GPVI reactivity. Anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4)/polyanion IgG complexes were excluded as activators of the platelet Fc-receptor. Our results indicate that high SPA in blood is due to platelet FcγRIIA stimulation by unidentified IgG complexes and mediated by Btk activation. The relevance of our findings for SPA as possible risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and pathogenic factor contributing to certain autoimmune diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundan Duan
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany; (R.D.); (L.G.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.v.H.)
| | - Luise Goldmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany; (R.D.); (L.G.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.v.H.)
| | - Ya Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany; (R.D.); (L.G.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.v.H.)
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany; (R.D.); (L.G.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.v.H.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Siess
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany; (R.D.); (L.G.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.v.H.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-54351
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany; (R.D.); (L.G.); (Y.L.); (C.W.); (P.v.H.)
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
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12
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Statin Exposure and Risk of Prosthetic Joint Infection After Total Knee or Hip Arthroplasty Among U.S. Veterans. J Arthroplasty 2021; 36:3584-3588.e1. [PMID: 34229942 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Statins have a variety of pleiotropic effects that could be beneficial for patients undertaking total knee or hip arthroplasty. In vitro and in vivo models suggest the beneficial effects of statins through bone formation and modulating proinflammatory cytokines triggered by implant debris. However, statins also exhibit antimicrobial action and may reduce the risk of revision surgery via reducing the risk of infection. We sought to explore the relationship between statin use and prosthetic joint infection (PJI) after total knee or hip arthroplasty. METHODS We use a retrospective cohort of patients undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty performed within the Department of Veterans Affairs. To minimize selection bias between the statin exposed and unexposed patients, we used 1:1 ratio propensity score matching. We fit adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to quantify the risk of PJI between the cohorts within 1 year, 3 years, and all follow-up time. RESULTS With a study period beginning from January 2000, a total of 60,241 patients were included. The unmatched Cox models reveal, over the entire follow-up time, a statistically significant lower risk of infection for the statin exposed patients (hazard ratio = 0.869; 95% confidence interval = [0.79-0.956]). The matched Cox model results reveal a statistically significant lower risk of PJI, only in the overall model, for the statin exposed cohort compared with the unexposed cohort (hazard ratio = 0.895, 95% confidence interval = [0.807-0.993]). CONCLUSION Our analysis finds some support for the beneficial effects of statins for preventing PJI among patients undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty.
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13
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Chebbo M, Duez C, Alessi MC, Chanez P, Gras D. Platelets: a potential role in chronic respiratory diseases? Eur Respir Rev 2021; 30:30/161/210062. [PMID: 34526315 PMCID: PMC9488457 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0062-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleate cells known for their role in haemostasis and thrombosis. In recent years, an increasing number of observations have suggested that platelets are also immune cells and key modulators of immunity. They express different receptors and molecules that allow them to respond to pathogens, and to interact with other immune cells. Platelets were linked to the pathogenesis of some inflammatory disorders including respiratory diseases such as asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we discuss the involvement of platelets in different immune responses, and we focus on their potential role in various chronic lung diseases. In addition to their essential role in haemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are strong modulators of different immune responses, and could be involved in the physiopathology of several chronic airway diseaseshttps://bit.ly/3cB6Xnj
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marie C Alessi
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, Marseille, France.,APHM, CHU de la Timone, Laboratoire d'hématologie, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Chanez
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, Marseille, France.,APHM, Hôpital NORD, Clinique des Bronches, Allergie et Sommeil, Marseille, France
| | - Delphine Gras
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, Marseille, France
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14
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Recent Advances in the Discovery and Function of Antimicrobial Molecules in Platelets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910230. [PMID: 34638568 PMCID: PMC8508203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The conventional function described for platelets is maintaining vascular integrity. Nevertheless, increasing evidence reveals that platelets can additionally play a crucial role in responding against microorganisms. Activated platelets release molecules with antimicrobial activity. This ability was first demonstrated in rabbit serum after coagulation and later in rabbit platelets stimulated with thrombin. Currently, multiple discoveries have allowed the identification and characterization of PMPs (platelet microbicidal proteins) and opened the way to identify kinocidins and CHDPs (cationic host defense peptides) in human platelets. These molecules are endowed with microbicidal activity through different mechanisms that broaden the platelet participation in normal and pathologic conditions. Therefore, this review aims to integrate the currently described platelet molecules with antimicrobial properties by summarizing the pathways towards their identification, characterization, and functional evaluation that have promoted new avenues for studying platelets based on kinocidins and CHDPs secretion.
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15
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Secreted modular calcium-binding protein 1 binds and activates thrombin to account for platelet hyperreactivity in diabetes. Blood 2021; 137:1641-1651. [PMID: 33529332 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Secreted modular calcium-binding protein 1 (SMOC1) is an osteonectin/SPARC-related matricellular protein, whose expression is regulated by microRNA-223 (miR-223). Given that platelets are rich in miR-223, this study investigated the expression of SMOC1 and its contribution to platelet function. Human and murine platelets expressed SMOC1, whereas platelets from SMOC1+/- mice did not present detectable mature SMOC1 protein. Platelets from SMOC1+/- mice demonstrated attenuated responsiveness to thrombin (platelet neutrophil aggregate formation, aggregation, clot formation, Ca2+ increase, and β3 integrin phosphorylation), whereas responses to other platelet agonists were unaffected. SMOC1 has been implicated in transforming growth factor-β signaling, but no link to this pathway was detected in platelets. Rather, the SMOC1 Kazal domain directly bound thrombin to potentiate its activity in vitro, as well as its actions on isolated platelets. The latter effects were prevented by monoclonal antibodies against SMOC1. Platelets from miR-223-deficient mice expressed high levels of SMOC1 and exhibited hyperreactivity to thrombin that was also reversed by preincubation with monoclonal antibodies against SMOC1. Similarly, SMOC1 levels were markedly upregulated in platelets from individuals with type 2 diabetes, and the SMOC1 antibody abrogated platelet hyperresponsiveness to thrombin. Taken together, we have identified SMOC1 as a novel thrombin-activating protein that makes a significant contribution to the pathophysiological changes in platelet function associated with type 2 diabetes. Thus, strategies that target SMOC1 or its interaction with thrombin may be attractive therapeutic approaches to normalize platelet function in diabetes.
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16
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Jiang X, Sun X, Lin J, Ling Y, Fang Y, Wu J. MD Simulations on a Well-Built Docking Model Reveal Fine Mechanical Stability and Force-Dependent Dissociation of Mac-1/GPIbα Complex. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:638396. [PMID: 33968982 PMCID: PMC8100526 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.638396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of leukocyte integrin macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1) to platelet glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) is critical for platelet-leukocyte crosstalk in hemostasis and inflammatory responses to vessel injuries under hemodynamic environments. The mechano-regulation and its molecular basis for binding of Mac-1 to GPIbα remain unclear, mainly coming from the lack of crystal structure of the Mac-1/GPIbα complex. We herein built a Mac-1/GPIbα complex model through a novel computer strategy, which included a flexible molecular docking and system equilibrium followed by a "force-ramp + snapback" molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. With this model, a series of "ramp-clamp" steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations were performed to examine the GPIbα-Mac-1 interaction under various loads. The results demonstrated that the complex was mechano-stable for both the high rupture force (>250 pN) at a pulling velocity of 3 Å/ns and the conformational conservation under various constant tensile forces (≤75 pN); a catch-slip bond transition was predicted through the dissociation probability, examined with single molecular AFM measurements, reflected by the interaction energy and the interface H-bond number, and related to the force-induced allostery of the complex; besides the mutation-identified residues D222 and R218, the residues were also dominant in the binding of Mac-1 to GPIbα. This study recommended a valid computer strategy for building a likely wild-type docking model of a complex, provided a novel insight into the mechanical regulation mechanism and its molecular basis for the interaction of Mac-1 with GPIbα, and would be helpful for understanding the platelet-leukocyte interaction in hemostasis and inflammatory responses under mechano-microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Jiang
- Institute of Biomechanics/School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxi Sun
- Institute of Biomechanics/School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangguo Lin
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingchen Ling
- Institute of Biomechanics/School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Institute of Biomechanics/School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Institute of Biomechanics/School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Cognasse F, Hally K, Fauteux-Daniel S, Eyraud MA, Arthaud CA, Fagan J, Mismetti P, Hamzeh-Cognasse H, Laradi S, Garraud O, Larsen P. Effects and Side Effects of Platelet Transfusion. Hamostaseologie 2021; 41:128-135. [PMID: 33711849 DOI: 10.1055/a-1347-6551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aside from their canonical role in hemostasis, it is increasingly recognized that platelets have inflammatory functions and can regulate both adaptive and innate immune responses. The main topic this review aims to cover is the proinflammatory effects and side effects of platelet transfusion. Platelets prepared for transfusion are subject to stress injury upon collection, preparation, and storage. With these types of stress, they undergo morphologic, metabolic, and functional modulations which are likely to induce platelet activation and the release of biological response modifiers (BRMs). As a consequence, platelet concentrates (PCs) accumulate BRMs during processing and storage, and these BRMs are ultimately transfused alongside platelets. It has been shown that BRMs present in PCs can induce immune responses and posttransfusion reactions in the transfusion recipient. Several recent reports within the transfusion literature have investigated the concept of platelets as immune cells. Nevertheless, current and future investigations will face the challenge of encompassing the immunological role of platelets in the scope of transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Cognasse
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Kathryn Hally
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.,Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group, Wellington, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sebastien Fauteux-Daniel
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Marie-Ange Eyraud
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Charles-Antoine Arthaud
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Jocelyne Fagan
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Patrick Mismetti
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Hind Hamzeh-Cognasse
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Sandrine Laradi
- Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Saint-Étienne, France.,SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Olivier Garraud
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, University of Lyon, Université Jean-Monnet-Saint-Etienne, France, France
| | - Peter Larsen
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.,Wellington Cardiovascular Research Group, Wellington, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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18
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Abstract
Thrombosis is the most feared complication of cardiovascular diseases and a main cause of death worldwide, making it a major health-care challenge. Platelets and the coagulation cascade are effectively targeted by antithrombotic approaches, which carry an inherent risk of bleeding. Moreover, antithrombotics cannot completely prevent thrombotic events, implicating a therapeutic gap due to a third, not yet adequately addressed mechanism, namely inflammation. In this Review, we discuss how the synergy between inflammation and thrombosis drives thrombotic diseases. We focus on the huge potential of anti-inflammatory strategies to target cardiovascular pathologies. Findings in the past decade have uncovered a sophisticated connection between innate immunity, platelet activation and coagulation, termed immunothrombosis. Immunothrombosis is an important host defence mechanism to limit systemic spreading of pathogens through the bloodstream. However, the aberrant activation of immunothrombosis in cardiovascular diseases causes myocardial infarction, stroke and venous thromboembolism. The clinical relevance of aberrant immunothrombosis, referred to as thromboinflammation, is supported by the increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with inflammatory diseases but also during infections, including in COVID-19. Clinical trials in the past 4 years have confirmed the anti-ischaemic effects of anti-inflammatory strategies, backing the concept of a prothrombotic function of inflammation. Targeting inflammation to prevent thrombosis leaves haemostasis mainly unaffected, circumventing the risk of bleeding associated with current approaches. Considering the growing number of anti-inflammatory therapies, it is crucial to appreciate their potential in covering therapeutic gaps in cardiovascular diseases.
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19
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Amadio P, Zarà M, Sandrini L, Ieraci A, Barbieri SS. Depression and Cardiovascular Disease: The Viewpoint of Platelets. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7560. [PMID: 33066277 PMCID: PMC7589256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a major cause of morbidity and low quality of life among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and it is now considered as an independent risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events. Increasing evidence indicates not only that depression worsens the prognosis of cardiac events, but also that a cross-vulnerability between the two conditions occurs. Among the several mechanisms proposed to explain this interplay, platelet activation is the more attractive, seeing platelets as potential mirror of the brain function. In this review, we dissected the mechanisms linking depression and CVD highlighting the critical role of platelet behavior during depression as trigger of cardiovascular complication. In particular, we will discuss the relationship between depression and molecules involved in the CVD (e.g., catecholamines, adipokines, lipids, reactive oxygen species, and chemokines), emphasizing their impact on platelet activation and related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Amadio
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanism, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Marta Zarà
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanism, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Leonardo Sandrini
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanism, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (L.S.)
| | - Alessandro Ieraci
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Silvia Stella Barbieri
- Unit of Brain-Heart Axis: Cellular and Molecular Mechanism, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy; (M.Z.); (L.S.)
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20
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Singh A, Bisht P, Bhattacharya S, Guchhait P. Role of Platelet Cytokines in Dengue Virus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:561366. [PMID: 33102253 PMCID: PMC7554584 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.561366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleated blood cells derived from bone marrow megakaryocytes and play a crucial role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelets contain specialized storage organelles, called alpha-granules, contents of which are rich in cytokines such as C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand (CXCL) 1/4/7, (C-C motif) ligand (CCL) 5/3, CXCL8 (also called as interleukin 8, IL-8), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Activation of platelets lead to degranulation and release of contents into the plasma. Platelet activation is a common event in many viral infections including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), H1N1 influenza, Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Ebola virus (EBV), and Dengue virus (DENV). The cytokines CXCL8, CCL5 (also known as Regulated on Activation, Normal T Expressed and Secreted, RANTES), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), CXCL1/5 and CCL3 released, promote development of a pro-inflammatory state along with the recruitment of other immune cells to the site of infection. Platelets also interact with Monocytes and Neutrophils and facilitate their activation to release different cytokines which further enhances inflammation. Upon activation, platelets also secrete factors such as CXCL4 (also known as platelet factor, PF4), CCL5 and fibrinopeptides which are critical regulators of replication and propagation of several viruses in the host. Studies suggest that CXCL4 can both inhibit as well as enhance HIV1 infection. Data from our lab show that CXCL4 inhibits interferon (IFN) pathway and promotes DENV replication in monocytes in vitro and in patients significantly. Inhibition of CXCL4 mediated signaling results in increased IFN production and suppressed DENV and JEV replication in monocytes. In this review, we discuss the role of platelets in viral disease progression with a focus on dengue infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Singh
- Disease Biology Laboratory, Regional Center for Biotechnology, National Capital Region Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Piyush Bisht
- Disease Biology Laboratory, Regional Center for Biotechnology, National Capital Region Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Sulagna Bhattacharya
- Disease Biology Laboratory, Regional Center for Biotechnology, National Capital Region Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India.,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Prasenjit Guchhait
- Disease Biology Laboratory, Regional Center for Biotechnology, National Capital Region Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
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21
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Kessler T, Schunkert H, von Hundelshausen P. Novel Approaches to Fine-Tune Therapeutic Targeting of Platelets in Atherosclerosis: A Critical Appraisal. Thromb Haemost 2020; 120:1492-1504. [PMID: 32772352 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1714352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular disease is driven by a multitude of risk factors intertwining metabolic and inflammatory pathways. Increasing knowledge about platelet biology sheds light on how platelets take part in these processes from early to later stages of plaque development. Recent insights from experimental studies and mouse models substantiate platelets as initiators and amplifiers in atherogenic leukocyte recruitment. These studies are complemented by results from genetics studies shedding light on novel molecular mechanisms which provide an interesting prospect as novel targets. For instance, experimental studies provide further details how platelet-decorated von Willebrand factor tethered to activated endothelial cells plays a role in atherogenic monocyte recruitment. Novel aspects of platelets as atherogenic inductors of neutrophil extracellular traps and particularities in signaling pathways such as cyclic guanosine monophosphate and the inhibitory adaptor molecule SHB23/LNK associating platelets with atherogenesis are shared. In summary, it was our intention to balance insights from recent experimental data that support a plausible role for platelets in atherogenesis against a paucity of clinical evidence needed to validate this concept in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Kessler
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V., Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V., Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V., Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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22
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Hannachi N, Fournier PE, Martel H, Habib G, Camoin-Jau L. Statins potentiate the antibacterial effect of platelets on Staphylococcus aureus. Platelets 2020; 32:671-676. [PMID: 32664773 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1792434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Platelets have largely demonstrated their implication in anti-infectious immunity. This effect is ensured by the secreted molecules stored mostly in platelet alpha granules. Previous studies have reported that Staphylococcus aureus showed sensitivity to this antibacterial effect of platelets. Statins, for their part, have shown a modulating effect on platelet activation. Furthermore, several studies have reported a protective effect of statins in staphylococcal endocarditis. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of statins on the antibacterial effect of washed platelets. Blood samples were collected from healthy donors (n = 35). PRP was prepared according to the ISTH recommendation. Bacteria were incubated for four hours with untreated-washed platelets, or rather treated by statins and/or GPIIbIIIa antagonists. In order to evaluate the antibacterial effect, the platelet-bacteria mix was spread on the blood agar to count the number of colonies after 18 hours of incubation. Measurement of CD 41 and CD62P expression by flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the effect of statin on bacterial-induced platelet activation. Statins have shown a potentiation of the antibacterial effect of washed platelets (p < .01 for Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin and p < .001 for Fluvastatin vs untreated washed platelets condition). This effect of statins was dose-dependent and was more significant at 20 μM. The addition of Fluvastatin to platelet-bacterial mix significantly increased the expression of platelet CD41 and CD62P (p < .05 and p < .01 vs resting washed platelets, respectively). Tirofiban, GPIIbIIIa antagonist, reversed the antibacterial effect of washed platelets and suppressed the potentiating effect of statins. Our study demonstrated that statins potentiate the anti-staphylococcal effect of washed platelets. This result may explain the beneficial effect of statins on Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis. Further studies are therefore required to explain this effect at the molecular level and to assess its impact in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadji Hannachi
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Edouard Fournier
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, IRD, SSA, APHM, VITROME, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Martel
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, IRD, SSA, APHM, VITROME, Marseille, France.,Département De Cardiologie, Hôpital De La Timone, AP-HM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, Marseille, France
| | - Gilbert Habib
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,Département De Cardiologie, Hôpital De La Timone, AP-HM, Boulevard Jean-Moulin, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Camoin-Jau
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.,Laboratoire d'Hématologie, La Timone Hospital, APHM, Boulevard Jean- Moulin, Marseille, France
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23
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Fan Z, Wang L, Jiang H, Lin Y, Wang Z. Platelet Dysfunction and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis. Dermatology 2020; 237:56-65. [PMID: 32349003 DOI: 10.1159/000505536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease in conjunction with the systemic inflammatory process. It appears to be related to increased risks of cardiovascular disease events, especially in severe cases. The hemostatic balance is disrupted due to the prothrombotic bias in psoriasis, which might be mainly preserved by platelet hyperactivity. Platelets are also immune cells that initiate and regulate immune and inflammatory processes, except as the principal mediator of hemostasis and thrombosis, and platelet dysfunction is deeply involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. SUMMARY The aim of this study is to perform a review that expounds abnormal platelet function in psoriasis and explains the important role of platelets in the pathogenic mechanism of psoriasis in order to provide new targets for comprehensive medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoqin Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Effect of antiplatelet agents on platelet antistaphylococcal capacity: An in vitro study. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 55:105890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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25
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Hoch D, Gauster M, Hauguel-de Mouzon S, Desoye G. Diabesity-associated oxidative and inflammatory stress signalling in the early human placenta. Mol Aspects Med 2019; 66:21-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Mussbacher M, Salzmann M, Brostjan C, Hoesel B, Schoergenhofer C, Datler H, Hohensinner P, Basílio J, Petzelbauer P, Assinger A, Schmid JA. Cell Type-Specific Roles of NF-κB Linking Inflammation and Thrombosis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:85. [PMID: 30778349 PMCID: PMC6369217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 375] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB is a central mediator of inflammation with multiple links to thrombotic processes. In this review, we focus on the role of NF-κB signaling in cell types within the vasculature and the circulation that are involved in thrombo-inflammatory processes. All these cells express NF-κB, which mediates important functions in cellular interactions, cell survival and differentiation, as well as expression of cytokines, chemokines, and coagulation factors. Even platelets, as anucleated cells, contain NF-κB family members and their corresponding signaling molecules, which are involved in platelet activation, as well as secondary feedback circuits. The response of endothelial cells to inflammation and NF-κB activation is characterized by the induction of adhesion molecules promoting binding and transmigration of leukocytes, while simultaneously increasing their thrombogenic potential. Paracrine signaling from endothelial cells activates NF-κB in vascular smooth muscle cells and causes a phenotypic switch to a “synthetic” state associated with a decrease in contractile proteins. Monocytes react to inflammatory situations with enforced expression of tissue factor and after differentiation to macrophages with altered polarization. Neutrophils respond with an extension of their life span—and upon full activation they can expel their DNA thereby forming so-called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which exert antibacterial functions, but also induce a strong coagulatory response. This may cause formation of microthrombi that are important for the immobilization of pathogens, a process designated as immunothrombosis. However, deregulation of the complex cellular links between inflammation and thrombosis by unrestrained NET formation or the loss of the endothelial layer due to mechanical rupture or erosion can result in rapid activation and aggregation of platelets and the manifestation of thrombo-inflammatory diseases. Sepsis is an important example of such a disorder caused by a dysregulated host response to infection finally leading to severe coagulopathies. NF-κB is critically involved in these pathophysiological processes as it induces both inflammatory and thrombotic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Mussbacher
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Salzmann
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bastian Hoesel
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Hannes Datler
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Hohensinner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - José Basílio
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Petzelbauer
- Skin and Endothelial Research Division, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Assinger
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes A Schmid
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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27
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Rajarathnam K, Schnoor M, Richardson RM, Rajagopal S. How do chemokines navigate neutrophils to the target site: Dissecting the structural mechanisms and signaling pathways. Cell Signal 2019; 54:69-80. [PMID: 30465827 PMCID: PMC6664297 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines play crucial roles in combating microbial infection and initiating tissue repair by recruiting neutrophils in a timely and coordinated manner. In humans, no less than seven chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL7, and CXCL8) and two receptors (CXCR1 and CXCR2) mediate neutrophil functions but in a context dependent manner. Neutrophil-activating chemokines reversibly exist as monomers and dimers, and their receptor binding triggers conformational changes that are coupled to G-protein and β-arrestin signaling pathways. G-protein signaling activates a variety of effectors including Ca2+ channels and phospholipase C. β-arrestin serves as a multifunctional adaptor and is coupled to several signaling hubs including MAP kinase and tyrosine kinase pathways. Both G-protein and β-arrestin signaling pathways play important non-overlapping roles in neutrophil trafficking and activation. Functional studies have established many similarities but distinct differences for a given chemokine and between chemokines at the level of monomer vs. dimer, CXCR1 vs. CXCR2 activation, and G-protein vs. β-arrestin pathways. We propose that two forms of the ligand binding two receptors and activating two signaling pathways enables fine-tuned neutrophil function compared to a single form, a single receptor, or a single pathway. We summarize the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms by which chemokine monomers/dimers activate CXCR1/CXCR2 and how these interactions trigger G-protein/β-arrestin-coupled signaling pathways. We also discuss current challenges and knowledge gaps, and likely advances in the near future that will lead to a better understanding of the relationship between the chemokine-CXCR1/CXCR2-G-protein/β-arrestin axis and neutrophil function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Rajarathnam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Department for Molecular Biomedicine, Cinvestav-IPN, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo M Richardson
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
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28
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Guimarães FTL, Ferreira RN, Brito-Melo GEA, Rocha-Vieira E, Pereira WDF, Pinheiro SVB, Miranda AS, Simões E Silva AC. Pediatric Patients With Steroid-Sensitive Nephrotic Syndrome Have Higher Expression of T Regulatory Lymphocytes in Comparison to Steroid-Resistant Disease. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:114. [PMID: 31001501 PMCID: PMC6455073 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is classified according to the response to drug therapy in steroid-sensitive (SS), steroid-dependent (SD), and steroid-resistant (SR) categories. Previous studies showed changes in inflammatory activity of subpopulations of lymphocytes in INS. This study aimed to compare SS and SR patients in regard to subpopulations of leukocytes, profile of regulatory lymphocytes, and migratory activity of lymphocyte subpopulations. Results obtained in INS patients were also compared to age and sex-matched healthy controls. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including SS patients (n = 30), SR patients (n = 14), and controls (n = 10). Peripheral blood samples were withdrawn for ex-vivo leukocyte flow cytometry analysis. Results: Percentage of B-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells were significantly reduced in SR patients when compared to controls, while the percentage of NKT cells were decreased in SS patients in comparison to controls. Percentages of CD4+ expressing FoxP3 and CTLA4 were significantly higher in SS patients in comparison to SR patients and controls. The expression of integrin CD18 on the surface of T lymphocytes (CD3+) was reduced in SS patients if compared to controls. Conclusion: This study found that SS INS patients have higher levels of regulatory T-lymphocytes and lower expression of adhesion molecules than SR patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Tadeu Lourenço Guimarães
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde - CIPq, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Novaes Ferreira
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Eustáquio Alvim Brito-Melo
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde - CIPq, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Etel Rocha-Vieira
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde - CIPq, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Wagner de Fátima Pereira
- Centro Integrado de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Saúde - CIPq, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Veloso Brant Pinheiro
- Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Miranda
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Unidade de Nefrologia Pediátrica, Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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29
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Vajen T, Koenen RR, Werner I, Staudt M, Projahn D, Curaj A, Sönmez TT, Simsekyilmaz S, Schumacher D, Möllmann J, Hackeng TM, Hundelshausen PV, Weber C, Liehn EA. Blocking CCL5-CXCL4 heteromerization preserves heart function after myocardial infarction by attenuating leukocyte recruitment and NETosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10647. [PMID: 30006564 PMCID: PMC6045661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death in Western countries and finding new strategies for its prevention and treatment is thus of high priority. In a previous study, we have demonstrated a pathophysiologic relevance for the heterophilic interaction of CCL5 and CXCL4 in the progression of atherosclerosis. A specifically designed compound (MKEY) to block this CCL5-CXCR4 interaction is investigated as a potential therapeutic in a model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage. 8 week-old male C57BL/6 mice were intravenously treated with MKEY or scrambled control (sMKEY) from 1 day before, until up to 7 days after I/R. By using echocardiography and intraventricular pressure measurements, MKEY treatment resulted in a significant decrease in infarction size and preserved heart function as compared to sMKEY-treated animals. Moreover, MKEY treatment significantly reduced the inflammatory reaction following I/R, as revealed by specific staining for neutrophils and monocyte/macrophages. Interestingly, MKEY treatment led to a significant reduction of citrullinated histone 3 in the infarcted tissue, showing that MKEY can prevent neutrophil extracellular trap formation in vivo. Disrupting chemokine heterodimers during myocardial I/R might have clinical benefits, preserving the therapeutic benefit of blocking specific chemokines, and in addition, reducing the inflammatory side effects maintaining normal immune defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Vajen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Isabella Werner
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mareike Staudt
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Delia Projahn
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Adelina Curaj
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tolga Taha Sönmez
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karlsruhe City Hospital of Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sakine Simsekyilmaz
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Schumacher
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Möllmann
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa A Liehn
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Human Genetic Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
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30
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Abstract
Platelets play a key role in the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndromes. Our understanding of platelet function in thrombus formation has increased considerably, resulting in the development of clinically effective treatment strategies and identification of new targets. An underappreciated platelet function is their contribution toward acute and chronic inflammatory processes including atherogenesis. In this review, we discuss the role of platelets in atherosclerosis and thrombosis, platelet function testing, and the pharmacology of currently available antiplatelet drugs.
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31
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Affandi AJ, Silva‐Cardoso SC, Garcia S, Leijten EFA, van Kempen TS, Marut W, van Roon JAG, Radstake TRDJ. CXCL4 is a novel inducer of human Th17 cells and correlates with IL-17 and IL-22 in psoriatic arthritis. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:522-531. [PMID: 29193036 PMCID: PMC5888178 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201747195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CXCL4 regulates multiple facets of the immune response and is highly upregulated in various Th17-associated rheumatic diseases. However, whether CXCL4 plays a direct role in the induction of IL-17 production by human CD4+ T cells is currently unclear. Here, we demonstrated that CXCL4 induced human CD4+ T cells to secrete IL-17 that co-expressed IFN-γ and IL-22, and differentiated naïve CD4+ T cells to become Th17-cytokine producing cells. In a co-culture system of human CD4+ T cells with monocytes or myeloid dendritic cells, CXCL4 induced IL-17 production upon triggering by superantigen. Moreover, when monocyte-derived dendritic cells were differentiated in the presence of CXCL4, they orchestrated increased levels of IL-17, IFN-γ, and proliferation by CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, the CXCL4 levels in synovial fluid from psoriatic arthritis patients strongly correlated with IL-17 and IL-22 levels. A similar response to CXCL4 of enhanced IL-17 production by CD4+ T cells was also observed in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Altogether, we demonstrate that CXCL4 boosts pro-inflammatory cytokine production especially IL-17 by human CD4+ T cells, either by acting directly or indirectly via myeloid antigen presenting cells, implicating a role for CXCL4 in PsA pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alsya J. Affandi
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Sandra C. Silva‐Cardoso
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Samuel Garcia
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Emmerik F. A. Leijten
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Tessa S. van Kempen
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Wioleta Marut
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Joel A. G. van Roon
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Timothy R. D. J. Radstake
- Laboratory of Translational ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical ImmunologyUniversity Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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32
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von Hundelshausen P, Duchene J. Platelet-derived chemokines in atherosclerosis. Hamostaseologie 2017; 35:137-41. [DOI: 10.5482/hamo-14-11-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
SummaryIn atherosclerosis, activated platelets have been recently recognised not only to participate in thrombotic events but also to play an essential role in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Upon their activation, platelets release several pro-inflammatory mediators including chemokines. Chemokines are key molecules in inflammation as they are able to recruit leukocytes, modulate their activation/differentiation and control their proliferation/apoptosis.In this review we will discuss recent findings regarding the specific roles of chemokines released by platelets on leukocytes and their effects on atherosclerosis.
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Schulz C, Sibbing D. Platelet CCL5 links acute coronary syndrome and vascular inflammation. Thromb Haemost 2017; 112:1079. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-11-0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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34
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Lievens D, Kramp B, Hundelshausen PV, Lutgens E, Weber C, Döring Y, Hartwig H, Drechsler M, Soehnlein O. Platelet-derived PF4 reduces neutrophil apoptosis following arterial occlusion. Thromb Haemost 2017; 111:562-4. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-08-0699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Note: The editorial process for this manuscript was fully handled by Gregory Y. H. Lip, Editor in Chief.
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Chen YP, Wu HL, Boyé K, Pan CY, Chen YC, Pujol N, Lin CW, Chiu LY, Billottet C, Alves ID, Bikfalvi A, Sue SC. Oligomerization State of CXCL4 Chemokines Regulates G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activation. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:2767-2778. [PMID: 28945356 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CXCL4 chemokines have antiangiogenic properties, mediated by different mechanisms, including CXCR3 receptor activation. Chemokines have distinct oligomerization states that are correlated with their biological functions. CXCL4 exists as a stable tetramer under physiological conditions. It is unclear whether the oligomerization state impacts CXCL4-receptor interaction. We found that the CXCL4 tetramer is sensitive to pH and salt concentration. Residues Glu28 and Lys50 were important for tetramer formation, and the first β-strand and the C-terminal helix are critical for dimerization. By mutating the critical residues responsible for oligomerization, we generated CXCL4 mutants that behave as dimers or monomers under neutral/physiological conditions. The CXCL4 monomer acts as the minimal active unit for interacting CXCR3A, and sulfation of N-terminal tyrosine residues on the receptor is important for binding. Noticeably, CXCL4L1, a CXCL4 variant that differs by three residues in the C-terminal helix, could activate CXCR3A. CXCL4L1 showed a higher tendency to dissociate into monomers, but native CXCL4 did not. This result indicates that monomeric CXCL4 behaves like CXCL4L1. Thus, in this chemokine family, being in the monomeric state seems critical for interaction with CXCR3A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Boyé
- INSERM U1029, 33615 Pessac, France
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Nadège Pujol
- INSERM U1029, 33615 Pessac, France
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Clotilde Billottet
- INSERM U1029, 33615 Pessac, France
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Isabel D. Alves
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
- CBMN UMR 5248 CNRS, Pessac, France
| | - Andreas Bikfalvi
- INSERM U1029, 33615 Pessac, France
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
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36
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Brown AJ, Sepuru KM, Sawant KV, Rajarathnam K. Platelet-Derived Chemokine CXCL7 Dimer Preferentially Exists in the Glycosaminoglycan-Bound Form: Implications for Neutrophil-Platelet Crosstalk. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1248. [PMID: 29038657 PMCID: PMC5630695 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived chemokine CXCL7 (also known as NAP-2) plays a crucial role in orchestrating neutrophil recruitment in response to vascular injury. CXCL7 exerts its function by activating the CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) receptor and binding sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that regulate receptor activity. CXCL7 exists as monomers, dimers, and tetramers, and previous studies have shown that the monomer dominates at lower and the tetramer at higher concentrations. These observations then raise the question: what, if any, is the role of the dimer? In this study, we make a compelling observation that the dimer is actually the favored form in the GAG-bound state. Further, we successfully characterized the structural basis of dimer binding to GAG heparin using solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The chemical shift assignments were obtained by exploiting heparin binding-induced NMR spectral changes in the WT monomer and dimer and also using a disulfide-linked obligate dimer. We observe that the receptor interactions of the dimer are similar to the monomer and that heparin-bound dimer is occluded from receptor interactions. Cellular assays also show that the heparin-bound CXCL7 is impaired for CXCR2 activity. We conclude that the dimer–GAG interactions play an important role in neutrophil–platelet crosstalk, and that these interactions regulate gradient formation and the availability of the free monomer for CXCR2 activation and intrathrombus neutrophil migration to the injury site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.,Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Krishna Mohan Sepuru
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.,Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Kirti V Sawant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Krishna Rajarathnam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.,Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
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Bijak M, Dziedzic A, Saluk-Bijak J. Flavonolignans reduce the response of blood platelet to collagen. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 106:878-884. [PMID: 28842200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The primary biological function of platelets is to form hemostatic thrombi that prevent blood loss and maintain vascular integrity. These multi-responding cells are activated by different endogenous, physiological agonists due to the vast number of receptors present on the surface of the platelets. Collagen represents up to 40% of the total protein presented in the vessel wall and is the major activator of the platelets' response after tissue injury, and is the only matrix protein which supports both platelet adhesion and complete activation. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of three major flavonolignans (silybin, silychristin and silydianin) on collagen-induced blood platelets' activation, adhesion, aggregation and secretion of PF-4. We observed that depending on the dose, silychristin and silybin have anti-platelet properties observed as inhibition of collagen-induced activation (formation of blood platelet aggregates and microparticles, as well as decreased expression of P-selectin and activation of integrin αIIbβ3), aggregation, adhesion and secretion of PF-4. These effects highlight the potential of silybin and silychristin as supplementation to prevent primary and secondary thrombotic events wherein excessive blood platelet response to a physiological agonist is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Angela Dziedzic
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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38
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Białas AJ, Pedone C, Piotrowski WJ, Antonelli Incalzi R. Platelet distribution width as a prognostic factor in patients with COPD - pilot study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:2261-2267. [PMID: 28814854 PMCID: PMC5546588 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s131868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelets may actively participate in inflammation in COPD. Platelet distribution width (PDW), a measure of platelets’ volume heterogeneity, may increase in platelets’ activation. We hypothesized that PDW may be a marker of hypercoagulation, which plays a significant role in conditions associated with worse survival of patients with COPD, eg, acute myocardial infarction and other forms of ischemic heart disease. Methods Retrospective analysis of 79 patients. Variables were compared after grouping patients according to the upper normal limit of PDW, using Welch’s t-tests or Mann–Whitney U, and chi-square tests. Survival in the two groups was compared using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression. Results Ten patients presented values of PDW above 16 fL, which was the upper limit of normality for our laboratory. Compared to patients with normal PDW, they had lower forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of vital capacity (FEF 25–75) – 35% of reference value vs 57% (P=0.003) and peak expiratory flow – 39% vs 54% (P<0.001). The median survival of patients with elevated PDW was 743 days compared to those with normal PDW (1,305 days) (P=0.025). The adjusted HR was 4.59 (95% CI: 1.1, 19.19; P=0.04). Conclusion Our analysis indicates that elevated PDW is associated with reduced survival of patients with COPD. If our data are to be confirmed, PDW may be used as an inexpensive and repeatable prognostic tool in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Białas
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.,Healthy Aging Research Centre (HARC), Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Claudio Pedone
- Department of Geriatrics, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Wojciech J Piotrowski
- Department of Pneumology and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.,Healthy Aging Research Centre (HARC), Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Morel A, Rywaniak J, Bijak M, Miller E, Niwald M, Saluk J. Flow cytometric analysis reveals the high levels of platelet activation parameters in circulation of multiple sclerosis patients. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 430:69-80. [PMID: 28210898 PMCID: PMC5437150 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiological studies confirm an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in multiple sclerosis, especially prothrombotic events directly associated with abnormal platelet activity. The aim of our study was to investigate the level of blood platelet activation in the circulation of patients with chronic phase of multiple sclerosis (SP MS) and their reactivity in response to typical platelets’ physiological agonists. We examined 85 SP MS patients diagnosed according to the revised McDonald’s criteria and 50 healthy volunteers as a control group. The platelet activation and reactivity were assessed using flow cytometry analysis of the following: P-selectin expression (CD62P), activation of GP IIb/IIIa complex (PAC-1 binding), and formation of platelet microparticles (PMPs) and platelet aggregates (PA) in agonist-stimulated (ADP, collagen) and unstimulated whole blood samples. Furthermore, we measured the level of soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) in plasma using ELISA method, to evaluate the in vivo level of platelet activation, both in healthy and SP MS subjects. We found a statistically significant increase in P-selectin expression, GP IIb/IIIa activation, and formation of PMPs and PA, as well as in unstimulated and agonist-stimulated (ADP, collagen) platelets in whole blood samples from patients with SP MS in comparison to the control group. We also determined the higher sP-selectin level in plasma of SP MS subjects than in the control group. Based on the obtained results, we might conclude that during the course of SP MS platelets are chronically activated and display hyperreactivity to physiological agonists, such as ADP or collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Morel
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Rywaniak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Miller
- Department of Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Pl. Hallera 1, 90-647, Lodz, Poland.,Neurorehabilitation Ward, III General Hospital in Lodz, Milionowa 14, 93-113, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Niwald
- Department of Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Pl. Hallera 1, 90-647, Lodz, Poland.,Neurorehabilitation Ward, III General Hospital in Lodz, Milionowa 14, 93-113, Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Saluk
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
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Ryu HJ, Seo MR, Choi HJ, Ko KP, Park PW, Baek HJ. Mean platelet volume as a marker for differentiating disease flare from infection in Behçet's disease. Int J Rheum Dis 2016; 21:1640-1645. [PMID: 27886446 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the association between mean platelet volume (MPV) and clinical manifestations, disease activity or infection in patients with Behçet's disease (BD). METHODS In total, 193 patients diagnosed with BD according to the international criteria for BD were enrolled. Demographic data, clinical manifestations and laboratory results were collected by medical interviews and reviewing medical records. RESULTS The female : male ratio was 2 : 1 and the age of symptom onset was 32.2 ± 11.1 years. The age at diagnosis of BD was 44.7 ± 11.1 years and the follow-up duration was 4.7 ± 3.8 years. MPV at diagnosis were significantly lower than of age and sex-matched controls (8.2 ± 1.2 vs. 8.6 ± 1.2 fL, P < 0.0001). Lower MPV was not related to organ involvement except skin diseases. During follow-up, MPV was lower in BD flare than in stable BD (8.2 ± 1.4 vs. 9.1 ± 1.4 fL, P < 0.0001) in the same patients. MPVs were significantly higher in cases of accompanying infections than in those with both BD flare and stable BD (9.3 ± 1.4 vs. 8.1 ± 1.3 fL, P = 0.018 and 9.7 ± 1.4 vs. 8.8 ± 1.0 fL, P = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS MPV was significantly lower in patients with BD than controls. MPV declined in BD flare and increased in cases of infection in same patients. MPV may be useful as a marker of BD activity and its monitoring can be helpful for differentiating BD flare from infection in BD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jung Ryu
- Department of Rheumatology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Mi Ryoung Seo
- Department of Rheumatology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyo Jin Choi
- Department of Rheumatology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kwang-Pil Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Pil Whan Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Han Joo Baek
- Department of Rheumatology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
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Zhang X, Zhu Y, Song F, Yao Y, Ya F, Li D, Ling W, Yang Y. Effects of purified anthocyanin supplementation on platelet chemokines in hypocholesterolemic individuals: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:86. [PMID: 27933092 PMCID: PMC5124283 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is becoming increasingly evident that platelet chemokines are involved in distinct aspects of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of long-term supplementation with purified anthocyanins on platelet chemokines in hypercholesterolemic individuals and to identify correlations of decreased platelet chemokine levels with serum lipid and inflammatory marker levels. Methods A total of 146 hypercholesterolemic individuals were recruited and treated with 320 mg of purified anthocyanins (n = 73) or a placebo (n = 73) daily for 24 weeks in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Results Anthocyanin supplementation for 24 weeks significantly decreased the plasma CXCL7 (–12.32% vs. 4.22%, P = 0.001), CXCL5 (–9.95% vs. 1.93%, P = 0.011), CXCL8 (–6.07% vs. 0.66%, P = 0.004), CXCL12 (–8.11% vs. 5.43%, P = 0.023) and CCL2 levels (–11.63% vs. 12.84%, P = 0.001) compared with the placebo. Interestingly, the decreases in the CXCL7 and CCL2 levels were both positively correlated with the decreases in the serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels after anthocyanin supplementation for 24 weeks. The decrease in the CXCL8 level was negatively correlated with the increase in the how-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level and was positively correlated with the decrease in the soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) level in the anthocyanin group. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between the decreases in the CXCL12 and tumornecrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels after anthocyanin supplementation. However, the plasma CXCL4L1, CXCL1, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and human plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) levels did not significantly change following anthocyanin supplementation. Conclusions The present study supports the notion that platelet chemokines are promising targets of anthocyanins in the prevention of atherosclerosis. Trial registration ChiCTR-TRC-08000240. Registered: 10 December 2008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenglin Song
- School of Food Science, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Yao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuli Ya
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (Northern Campus), Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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42
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Alard JE, Ortega-Gomez A, Wichapong K, Bongiovanni D, Horckmans M, Megens RTA, Leoni G, Ferraro B, Rossaint J, Paulin N, Ng J, Ippel H, Suylen D, Hinkel R, Blanchet X, Gaillard F, D'Amico M, von Hundelshausen P, Zarbock A, Scheiermann C, Hackeng TM, Steffens S, Kupatt C, Nicolaes GAF, Weber C, Soehnlein O. Recruitment of classical monocytes can be inhibited by disturbing heteromers of neutrophil HNP1 and platelet CCL5. Sci Transl Med 2016; 7:317ra196. [PMID: 26659570 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aad5330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In acute and chronic inflammation, neutrophils and platelets, both of which promote monocyte recruitment, are often activated simultaneously. We investigated how secretory products of neutrophils and platelets synergize to enhance the recruitment of monocytes. We found that neutrophil-borne human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP1, α-defensin) and platelet-derived CCL5 form heteromers. These heteromers stimulate monocyte adhesion through CCR5 ligation. We further determined structural features of HNP1-CCL5 heteromers and designed a stable peptide that could disturb proinflammatory HNP1-CCL5 interactions. This peptide attenuated monocyte and macrophage recruitment in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. These results establish the in vivo relevance of heteromers formed between proteins released from neutrophils and platelets and show the potential of targeting heteromer formation to resolve acute or chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Eric Alard
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Almudena Ortega-Gomez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Kanin Wichapong
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University Maastricht, 6200 Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dario Bongiovanni
- Medizinische Klinik I, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Horckmans
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Remco T A Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany. Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University Maastricht, 6200 Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Giovanna Leoni
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Bartolo Ferraro
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nicole Paulin
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Judy Ng
- Medizinische Klinik I, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University Maastricht, 6200 Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Dennis Suylen
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University Maastricht, 6200 Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany. Medizinische Klinik I, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany. German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Xavier Blanchet
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Fanny Gaillard
- Roscoff Biological Station, Pierre et Marie Curie University, 29682 Paris, France
| | - Michele D'Amico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Walter-Brendel-Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University Maastricht, 6200 Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany. German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Kupatt
- Medizinische Klinik I, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany. German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerry A F Nicolaes
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University Maastricht, 6200 Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany. Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University Maastricht, 6200 Maastricht, Netherlands. German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany. German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany. Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, 1105 Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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Norozi F, Shahrabi S, Hajizamani S, Saki N. Regulatory role of Megakaryocytes on Hematopoietic Stem Cells Quiescence by CXCL4/PF4 in Bone Marrow Niche. Leuk Res 2016; 48:107-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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44
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Mechanisms of antibody-mediated acute and chronic rejection of kidney allografts. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2016; 21:7-14. [PMID: 26575854 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Antibody-mediated rejection is responsible for up to half of acute rejection episodes in kidney transplant patients and more than half of late graft failures. Antibodies cause acute graft abnormalities that are distinct from T cell-mediated rejection and at later times posttransplant, a distinct pathologic lesion is associated with capillary basement membrane multilayering and glomerulopathy. Despite the importance of donor-reactive antibodies as the leading cause of kidney graft failure, mechanisms underlying antibody-mediated acute and chronic kidney graft injury are poorly understood. Here, we review recent insights provided from clinical studies as well as from animal models that may help to identify new targets for therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Studies of biopsies from kidney grafts in patients with donor-specific antibody versus those without have utilized analysis of pathologic lesions and gene expression to identify the distinct characteristics of antibody-mediated rejection. These analyses have indicated the presence of natural killer cells and their activation during antibody-mediated rejection. The impact of studies of antibody-mediated allograft injury in animal models have lagged behind these clinical studies, but have been useful in testing the activation of innate immune components within allografts in the presence of donor-specific antibodies. SUMMARY Most insights into processes of antibody-mediated rejection of kidney grafts have come from carefully designed clinical studies. However, several new mouse models of antibody-mediated kidney allograft rejection may replicate the abnormalities observed in clinical kidney grafts and may be useful in directly testing mechanisms that underlie acute and chronic antibody-mediated graft injury.
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Ahmadsei M, Lievens D, Weber C, von Hundelshausen P, Gerdes N. Immune-mediated and lipid-mediated platelet function in atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol 2015; 26:438-48. [PMID: 26270811 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Detailed knowledge of the mechanisms of atherosclerosis, the main underlying disease of CVD, will enable improved preventive and therapeutic options, thus potentially limiting the burden of vascular disease in aging societies. A large body of evidence illustrates the contribution of platelets to processes beyond their traditionally recognized role as mediators in thrombosis and hemostasis. Recent advances in molecular biology help to understand the complexity of atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS This article outlines the role of platelets as modulators of immune responses in the context of atherosclerosis. It provides a short overview of interactions between platelets and endothelial cells or immune cells via direct cell contact or soluble factors during atherogenesis. By means of some well examined, exemplary pathways (e.g. CD40/CD40L dyad), this article will discuss recent discoveries in immune-related function of platelets. We also focus on the relationship between platelets and the lipid metabolism highlighting potential consequences to atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. SUMMARY A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of platelet-related immune activity allows their utilization as powerful diagnostic tools or targets of therapeutic intervention. Those findings might help to develop new classes of drugs which may supplement or replace classical anticoagulants and help clinicians to tackle CVD more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiwand Ahmadsei
- aInstitute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany bDZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Flierl U, Bauersachs J, Schäfer A. Modulation of platelet and monocyte function by the chemokine fractalkine (CX3 CL1) in cardiovascular disease. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45:624-33. [PMID: 25832902 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chemokine fractalkine, CX3CL1, bears unique features within the chemokine family: it exists in a membrane bound form acting as an adhesion molecule and surface receptor; however, when cleaved by ADAM 10, it functions as a soluble chemokine. Fractalkine and its chemokine receptor CX3CR1 are known to have multiple roles in diverse human diseases, for example inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, renal diseases and atherosclerosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS This review is based on the material obtained via PubMed up to November 2014. The key search terms used were 'fractalkine', 'CX3CL1', 'CX3CR1', 'cardiovascular disease', 'platelets', 'monocytes' and 'platelet-monocyte complexes'. RESULTS Atherosclerosis is recognized as a highly inflammatory disease, and it has become increasingly evident that the immune system plays an important role in atherogenesis and atheroprogression. Two blood cell populations are crucially involved in the early development of atherosclerotic lesions: monocytes and platelets. They are detected at vascular sites of endothelial dysfunction and are involved in inflammatory immune responses. These cells directly interact with each other, forming platelet-monocyte complexes that are increased in cardiovascular diseases. During the development of atherosclerosis, fractalkine mediates leukocyte recruitment to the inflamed endothelium, which promotes early formation of lesions. This process only effectively works in the presence of activated platelets. It has been suggested that fractalkine and its receptor contribute to platelet-monocyte aggregate formation underlining the two important impacts of this chemokine for platelets as well as monocytes. CONCLUSION Interesting data hint at a role of fractalkine for platelet activation, adhesion and subsequent monocyte recruitment to activated endothelial cells in cardiovascular diseases. However, the exact mechanisms remain to become unravelled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Flierl
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Schäfer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Schrottmaier WC, Kral JB, Badrnya S, Assinger A. Aspirin and P2Y12 Inhibitors in platelet-mediated activation of neutrophils and monocytes. Thromb Haemost 2015; 114:478-89. [PMID: 25904241 DOI: 10.1160/th14-11-0943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are key players in haemostasis and represent a pivotal link between inflammation, immunity and atherogenesis. Depending on the (patho)physiological environment platelets modulate various leukocyte functions via release of inflammatory mediators and direct cell-cell interactions. Elevated levels of circulating platelet-leukocyte aggregates are found in patients suffering from several thrombotic or inflammatory conditions. Platelet-monocyte and platelet-neutrophil interaction can trigger pro- and anti-inflammatory responses and modulate effector functions of all leukocyte subpopulations. These platelet-mediated immune responses have implications for the progression of cardiovascular diseases and also play a crucial role during infections, cancer, transplantations and other inflammatory diseases of several organs. Antiplatelet therapy including the COX inhibitor aspirin and/or ADP receptor P2Y12 inhibitors such as clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor are the therapy of choice for various cardiovascular complications. Both aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors attenuate platelet-leukocyte interactions, thereby also modulating immune responses. This may have beneficial effects in some pathological conditions, while it might be detrimental in others. This review aims to summarise the current knowledge on platelet-leukocyte interactions and the impact of aspirin and P2Y12 inhibition on platelet-mediated immune responses and to give an overview on the effects of antiplatelet therapy on platelet-leukocyte interplay in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alice Assinger
- Dr. Alice Assinger, Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, Tel.: +43 1 40160 31405, E-mail:
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Hamzeh-Cognasse H, Damien P, Chabert A, Pozzetto B, Cognasse F, Garraud O. Platelets and infections - complex interactions with bacteria. Front Immunol 2015; 6:82. [PMID: 25767472 PMCID: PMC4341565 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets can be considered sentinels of vascular system due to their high number in the circulation and to the range of functional immunoreceptors they express. Platelets express a wide range of potential bacterial receptors, including complement receptors, FcγRII, Toll-like receptors but also integrins conventionally described in the hemostatic response, such as GPIIb–IIIa or GPIb. Bacteria bind these receptors either directly, or indirectly via fibrinogen, fibronectin, the first complement C1q, the von Willebrand Factor, etc. The fate of platelet-bound bacteria is questioned. Several studies reported the ability of activated platelets to internalize bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus or Porphyromonas gingivalis, though there is no clue on what happens thereafter. Are they sheltered from the immune system in the cytoplasm of platelets or are they lysed? Indeed, while the presence of phagolysosome has not been demonstrated in platelets, they contain antimicrobial peptides that were shown to be efficient on S. aureus. Besides, the fact that bacteria can bind to platelets via receptors involved in hemostasis suggests that they may induce aggregation; this has indeed been described for Streptococcus sanguinis, S. epidermidis, or C. pneumoniae. On the other hand, platelets are able to display an inflammatory response to an infectious triggering. We, and others, have shown that platelet release soluble immunomodulatory factors upon stimulation by bacterial components. Moreover, interactions between bacteria and platelets are not limited to only these two partners. Indeed, platelets are also essential for the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps by neutrophils, resulting in bacterial clearance by trapping bacteria and concentrating antibacterial factors but in enhancing thrombosis. In conclusion, the platelet–bacteria interplay is a complex game; its fine analysis is complicated by the fact that the inflammatory component adds to the aggregation response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pauline Damien
- GIMAP-EA3064, Université de Lyon , Saint-Etienne , France
| | - Adrien Chabert
- GIMAP-EA3064, Université de Lyon , Saint-Etienne , France
| | - Bruno Pozzetto
- GIMAP-EA3064, Université de Lyon , Saint-Etienne , France
| | - Fabrice Cognasse
- GIMAP-EA3064, Université de Lyon , Saint-Etienne , France ; Etablissement Français du Sang Auvergne-Loire , Saint-Etienne , France
| | - Olivier Garraud
- GIMAP-EA3064, Université de Lyon , Saint-Etienne , France ; Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine , Paris , France
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Assinger A. Platelets and infection - an emerging role of platelets in viral infection. Front Immunol 2014; 5:649. [PMID: 25566260 PMCID: PMC4270245 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate blood cells that play a crucial role in the maintenance of hemostasis. While platelet activation and elevated platelet counts (thrombocytosis) are associated with increased risk of thrombotic complications, low platelet counts (thrombocytopenia) and several platelet function disorders increase the risk of bleeding. Over the last years, more and more evidence has emerged that platelets and their activation state can also modulate innate and adaptive immune responses and low platelet counts have been identified as a surrogate marker for poor prognosis in septic patients. Viral infections often coincide with platelet activation. Host inflammatory responses result in the release of platelet activating mediators and a pro-oxidative and pro-coagulant environment, which favors platelet activation. However, viruses can also directly interact with platelets and megakaryocytes and modulate their function. Furthermore, platelets can be activated by viral antigen-antibody complexes and in response to some viruses B-lymphocytes also generate anti-platelet antibodies. All these processes contributing to platelet activation result in increased platelet consumption and removal and often lead to thrombocytopenia, which is frequently observed during viral infection. However, virus-induced platelet activation does not only modulate platelet count but also shape immune responses. Platelets and their released products have been reported to directly and indirectly suppress infection and to support virus persistence in response to certain viruses, making platelets a double-edged sword during viral infections. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on platelet interaction with different types of viruses, the viral impact on platelet activation, and platelet-mediated modulations of innate and adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Assinger
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria ; Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
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Karshovska E, Zhao Z, Blanchet X, Schmitt MMN, Bidzhekov K, Soehnlein O, von Hundelshausen P, Mattheij NJ, Cosemans JMEM, Megens RTA, Koeppel TA, Schober A, Hackeng TM, Weber C, Koenen RR. Hyperreactivity of junctional adhesion molecule A-deficient platelets accelerates atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. Circ Res 2014; 116:587-99. [PMID: 25472975 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.304035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Besides their essential role in hemostasis, platelets also have functions in inflammation. In platelets, junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A was previously identified as an inhibitor of integrin αIIbβ3-mediated outside-in signaling and its genetic knockdown resulted in hyperreactivity. OBJECTIVE This gain-of-function was specifically exploited to investigate the role of platelet hyperreactivity in plaque development. METHODS AND RESULTS JAM-A-deficient platelets showed increased aggregation and cellular and sarcoma tyrosine-protein kinase activation. On αIIbβ3 ligation, JAM-A was shown to be dephosphorylated, which could be prevented by protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 1 inhibition. Mice with or without platelet-specific (tr)JAM-A-deficiency in an apolipoprotein e (apoe(-/-)) background were fed a high-fat diet. After ≤12 weeks of diet, trJAM-A(-/-)apoe-/- mice showed increased aortic plaque formation when compared with trJAM-A(+/+) apoe(-/-) controls, and these differences were most evident at early time points. At 2 weeks, the plaques of the trJAM-A(-/-) apoe(-/-) animals revealed increased macrophage, T cell, and smooth muscle cell content. Interestingly, plasma levels of chemokines CC chemokine ligand 5 and CXC-chemokine ligand 4 were increased in the trJAM-A(-/-) apoe(-/-)mice, and JAM-A-deficient platelets showed increased binding to monocytes and neutrophils. Whole-blood perfusion experiments and intravital microscopy revealed increased recruitment of platelets and monocytes to the inflamed endothelium in blood of trJAM-A(-/-) apoe(-/-)mice. Notably, these proinflammatory effects of JAM-A-deficient platelets could be abolished by the inhibition of αIIbβ3 signaling in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Deletion of JAM-A causes a gain-of-function in platelets, with lower activation thresholds and increased inflammatory activities. This leads to an increase of plaque formation, particularly in early stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Karshovska
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Zhen Zhao
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Xavier Blanchet
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Martin M N Schmitt
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Kiril Bidzhekov
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Nadine J Mattheij
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Remco T A Megens
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Thomas A Koeppel
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Andreas Schober
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Christian Weber
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.)
| | - Rory R Koenen
- From the Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK) (E.K., Z.Z., X.B., M.M.N.S., K.B., O.S., P.v.H., R.T.A.M., A.S., C.W., R.R.K.) and Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery (Z.Z., T.A.K.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands (O.S.); German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S., P.v.H., A.S., C.W.); and Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands (N.J.M., J.M.E.M.C., R.T.A.M., T.M.H., C.W., R.R.K.).
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