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Exploration of the Crucial Genes and Molecular Mechanisms Mediating Atherosclerosis and Abnormal Endothelial Shear Stress. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6306845. [PMID: 35990248 PMCID: PMC9391161 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6306845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Abnormal endothelial shear stress (ESS) is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis (AS); however, the genes and pathways between ESS and AS are poorly understood. Here, we screened hub genes and potential regulatory targets linked to the progression of AS induced by abnormal ESS. Methods The microarray data of ESS and AS were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The coexpression modules related to shear stress and AS were identified with weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Coexpression genes in modules obtained from GSE28829 and GSE160611 were considered as SET1. The results were validated in validation set by differential gene analysis. The limma package in R was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The common DEGs of GSE100927 and GSE103672 were regarded as SET2. Next, Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was conducted. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) enrichment analysis was assembled, and hub genes were identified using MCODE and ClueGO in Cytoscape. ROC curve analyses were conducted to assess the ability of common hub genes to distinguish samples of atherosclerotic plaque from normal arterial. The expression of common hub gene was verified in ox-LDL-induced foam cells and GSE41571. Results We identified three gene modules (the blue, tan, and cyan modules) related to AS and three shear stress-related modules (the brown, red, and pink modules). A total of 129 genes in SET1 and 476 genes in SET2 were identified. CCRL2, LGALS9, and PLCB2 were identified as common hub genes and validated in the GSE100927, GSE28829, and GSE41571. ROC analysis indicates the expression of CCRL2, LGALS9, and PLCB2 could effectively distinguish the atherosclerotic plaque and normal arterial. The expression level of CCRL2, LGALS9, and PLCB2 increases with the accumulation of lipid increased. Conclusion We identified CCRL2, LGALS9, and PLCB2 as key genes associated with abnormal ESS and AS and may provide potential prevention and treatment target of AS induced by abnormal ESS.
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2
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Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Differentially Expressed Genes Associated with Vascular Cuffing and Chronic Inflammation Mediating Early Thrombosis in Arteriovenous Fistula. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020433. [PMID: 35203642 PMCID: PMC8962355 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is vascular access created for hemodialysis in end-stage renal disease patients. AVF creation causes increased blood flow in the outflow vein with increased pressure. Increased blood flow, blood volume, and shear stress causes outward remodeling so that the outflow vein can withstand the increased pressure. Outward remodeling of the vein involved in AVF is necessary for AVF maturation, however, inward remodeling due to excessive neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) and chronic inflammation may end up with vessel thrombosis and AVF maturation failure. Early thrombosis of the vessel may be due to the luminal factors including NIH and chronic inflammation or due to chronic inflammation of the adventitial due to perivascular cuffing. Inflammation may either be due to an immune response to the vascular injury during AVF creation or injury to the surrounding muscles and fascia. Several studies have discussed the role of inflammation in vascular thrombosis due to intimal injury during AVF creation, but there is limited information on the role of inflammation due to surrounding factors like a muscle injury. The concept of perivascular cuffing has been reported in the nervous system, but there is no study of perivascular cuffing in AVF early thrombosis. We performed the bulk RNA sequencing of the femoral arterial tissue and contralateral arteries as we found thrombosed arteries after AVF creation. RNA sequencing revealed several significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to chronic inflammation and perivascular cuffing, including tripartite motif-containing protein 55 (TRIM55). Additionally, DEGs like myoblast determination protein 1 (MYOD1) increased after muscle injury and relates to skeletal muscle differentiation, and network analysis revealed regulation of various genes regulating inflammation via MYOD1. The findings of this study revealed multiple genes with increased expression in the AVF femoral artery and may provide potential therapeutic targets or biomarkers of early thrombosis in AVF maturation failure. Thus, not only the luminal factors but also the surrounding factors mediating vascular cuffing contribute to vessel thrombosis and AVF failure via early thrombosis, and targeting the key regulatory factors may have therapeutic potential.
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Tsai HJ, Shih CC, Chang KY, Liao MH, Liaw WJ, Wu CC, Tsao CM. Angiotensin-(1-7) treatment blocks lipopolysaccharide-induced organ damage, platelet dysfunction, and IL-6 and nitric oxide production in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:610. [PMID: 33436885 PMCID: PMC7804205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79902-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis can lead to shock, multiple organ failure, and even death. Platelets play an active role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Angiotensin (Ang)-(1–7), a biologically active peptide, counteracts various effects of Ang II and attenuates inflammatory responses, reactive oxygen species production, and apoptosis. We evaluated the effects of Ang-(1–7) on organ injury and platelet dysfunction in rats with endotoxaemia. We treated male Wistar rats with saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg, intravenously) then Ang-(1–7) (1 mg/kg, intravenous infusion for 3 h beginning 30 min after LPS administration). We analysed several haemodynamic, biochemical, and inflammatory parameters, as well as platelet counts and aggregation. Ang-(1–7) improved hypotension and organ dysfunction, and attenuated plasma interleukin-6, chemokines and nitric oxide production in rats after LPS administration. The LPS-induced reduction in platelet aggregation, but not the decreased platelet count, was restored after Ang-(1–7) treatment. The protein expression of iNOS and IκB, but not phosphorylated ERK1/2 and p38, was diminished in Ang-(1–7)-treated LPS rats. The histological changes in liver and lung were significantly attenuated in Ang-(1–7)-treated LPS rats. Our results suggest that Ang-(1–7) ameliorates endotoxaemic-induced organ injury and platelet dysfunction, likely through the inhibition of the inflammatory response and nitric oxide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jung Tsai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chin Shih
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yi Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hui Liao
- Department of Nursing, Oriental Institute of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jinn Liaw
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chung Shan Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chen Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Tsao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Department of Anesthesiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zhang H, Xie T, Shui Y, Qi Y. Knockdown of PLCB2 expression reduces melanoma cell viability and promotes melanoma cell apoptosis by altering Ras/Raf/MAPK signals. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:420-428. [PMID: 31746389 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma has the highest malignancy rate among all skin cancer and is characterized by an insidious onset, high invasion and poor patient prognosis. Yet, the mechanisms involved remain unclear and warrant further investigation. Based on bioinformatic analysis, phospholipase C β2 (PLCB2) has been found to be correlated with melanoma growth. The present study was the first to demonstrate that PLCB2 is a key factor affecting melanoma proliferation and apoptosis. Here, microarray datasets from the publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were employed, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was introduced to identify candidate transcription factors. PLCB2 was identified as a crucial gene in the protein‑protein interaction (PPI) network. The expression of PLCB2 mRNA in various cancer lines was analyzed by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction (RT‑PCR). In addition, the proliferation ability and apoptosis rate in human melanoma cells overexpressing or not overexpressing PLCB2 were assessed using colony formation assay, flow cytometry and the Cell Counting Kit‑8 (CCK‑8) assay. Cell viability and apoptosis‑related factors, such as p53, Bcl‑2, Bax and caspase‑3 were significantly regulated. Knockdown of PLCB2 suppressed the activation of the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway. In conclusion, knockdown of PLCB2 suppressed cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis by activating the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway. Thus, PLCB2 may utilized as a potential therapeutic target in patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahui Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Tao Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yongjie Shui
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yiying Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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Torshin IY, Lila AM, Gromova OA, Naumov AV, Gromov AN. On the anticoagulant and antiaggregatory properties of a glucosamine sulfate molecule. MODERN RHEUMATOLOGY JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/1996-7012-2019-3-135-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Yu. Torshin
- Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, Federal Research Center «Informatics and Management, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. M. Lila
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; Department of Rheumatology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - O. A. Gromova
- Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, Federal Research Center «Informatics and Management, Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. V. Naumov
- Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Center, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - A. N. Gromov
- Institute of Pharmacoinformatics, Federal Research Center «Informatics and Management, Russian Academy of Sciences
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Bertagnolo V, Grassilli S, Volinia S, Al-Qassab Y, Brugnoli F, Vezzali F, Lambertini E, Palomba M, Piubello Q, Orvieto E, Natali C, Piva R, Croce CM, Capitani S. Ectopic expression of PLC-β2 in non-invasive breast tumor cells plays a protective role against malignant progression and is correlated with the deregulation of miR-146a. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:708-721. [PMID: 30582225 PMCID: PMC6590318 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells in non‐invasive breast lesions are widely believed to possess molecular alterations that render them either susceptible or refractory to the acquisition of invasive capability. One such alteration could be the ectopic expression of the β2 isoform of phosphoinositide‐dependent phospholipase C (PLC‐β2), known to counteract the effects of hypoxia in low‐invasive breast tumor‐derived cells. Here, we studied the correlation between PLC‐β2 levels and the propensity of non‐invasive breast tumor cells to acquire malignant features. Using archival FFPE samples and DCIS‐derived cells, we demonstrate that PLC‐β2 is up‐regulated in DCIS and that its forced down‐modulation induces an epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal shift, expression of the cancer stem cell marker CD133, and the acquisition of invasive properties. The ectopic expression of PLC‐β2 in non‐transformed and DCIS‐derived cells is, to some extent, dependent on the de‐regulation of miR‐146a, a tumor suppressor miRNA in invasive breast cancer. Interestingly, an inverse relationship between the two molecules, indicative of a role of miR‐146a in targeting PLC‐β2, was not detected in primary DCIS from patients who developed a second invasive breast neoplasia. This suggests that alterations of the PLC‐β2/miR‐146a relationship in DCIS may constitute a molecular risk factor for the appearance of new breast lesions. Since neither traditional classification systems nor molecular characterizations are able to predict the malignant potential of DCIS, as is possible for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), we propose that the assessment of the PLC‐β2/miR‐146a levels at diagnosis could be beneficial for identifying whether DCIS patients may have either a low or high propensity for invasive recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Bertagnolo
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Grassilli
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Volinia
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Yasamin Al-Qassab
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Federica Brugnoli
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Federica Vezzali
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lambertini
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Palomba
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Quirino Piubello
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enrico Orvieto
- Department of Medicine DIMED, Surgical Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristina Natali
- Pathology Division, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Rovigo, Italy
| | - Roberta Piva
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Croce
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Flentje A, Kober KM, Carrico AW, Neilands TB, Flowers E, Heck NC, Aouizerat BE. Minority stress and leukocyte gene expression in sexual minority men living with treated HIV infection. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 70:335-345. [PMID: 29548994 PMCID: PMC5953835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual minority (i.e., non-heterosexual) individuals experience poorer mental and physical health, accounted for in part by the additional burden of sexual minority stress occurring from being situated in a culture favoring heteronormativity. Informed by previous research, the purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between sexual minority stress and leukocyte gene expression related to inflammation, cancer, immune function, and cardiovascular function. Sexual minority men living with HIV who were on anti-retroviral medication, had viral load < 200 copies/mL, and had biologically confirmed, recent methamphetamine use completed minority stress measures and submitted blood samples for RNA sequencing on leukocytes. Differential gene expression and pathway analyses were conducted comparing those with clinically elevated minority stress (n = 18) and those who did not meet the clinical cutoff (n = 20), covarying reactive urine toxicology results for very recent stimulant use. In total, 90 differentially expressed genes and 138 gene set pathways evidencing 2-directional perturbation were observed at false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.10. Of these, 41 of the differentially expressed genes and 35 of the 2-directionally perturbed pathways were identified as functionally related to hypothesized mechanisms of inflammation, cancer, immune function, and cardiovascular function. The neuroactive-ligand receptor pathway (implicated in cancer development) was identified using signaling pathway impact analysis. Our results suggest several potential biological pathways for future work investigating the relationship between sexual minority stress and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annesa Flentje
- Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, United States.
| | - Kord M Kober
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, United States; Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Torsten B Neilands
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Elena Flowers
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, United States; Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Nicholas C Heck
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, United States
| | - Bradley E Aouizerat
- Bluestone Center for Clinical Research, College of Dentistry, New York University, United States
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Lip GYH, Weber C. Editors’ Choice 2016 papers in Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:204-206. [DOI: 10.1160/th16-11-0899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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