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Nanque AR, Ramos ACV, Moura HSD, Berra TZ, Tavares RBV, Monroe AA, Pinto IC, Arcêncio RA. Spatial and temporal analysis of tuberculosis incidence in Guinea-Bissau, 2018 to 2020. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76:e20220481. [PMID: 37820137 PMCID: PMC10561932 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze the epidemiological profile, spatial and temporal distribution of tuberculosis in Guinea-Bissau from 2018 to 2020. METHODS an ecological study, carried out in Guinea-Bissau, considering new cases of tuberculosis. Spatial analysis of areas was used to verify tuberculosis distribution in the country, and time series were used to identify incidence evolution over the years of study. RESULTS a total of 6,840 new cases of tuberculosis were reported. Tuberculosis incidence rate in the country ranged from 36.8 to 267.7 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with emphasis on the regions of Bissau and Biombo (over 90 cases/100,000). By using time series, it was possible to observe an increase in case incidence over the years of study. CONCLUSIONS the study made it possible to identify the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in Guinea-Bissau, spatial distribution heterogeneity, in addition to identifying the disease evolution over the years of investigation.
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Li T, Yan X, Du X, Huang F, Wang N, Ni N, Ren J, Zhao Y, Jia Z. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in China: a national survey. Int J Infect Dis 2023; 128:69-77. [PMID: 36509333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is not a notifiable infectious disease in China but is a heavy burden on public health. However, the epidemic situation of EPTB nationwide is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the magnitude and main subtypes of EPTB in China. METHODS We conducted a national cross-sectional study with multistage, stratified cluster random sampling during 2020-2021. We calculated proportions of EPTB in all patients with TB by organs. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios by characteristics. RESULTS A total of 6843 patients with TB were included. Of them, 24.6% were patients with EPTB, and the proportion of EPTB solo was 21.3%. Higher EPTB burden was observed in children, female patients, clinically diagnosed patients, provincial-level and prefectural-level health facilities, and Central and West China. EPTB occurred most frequently in respiratory (35.5%), musculoskeletal (15.8%), and peripheral lymphatic (15.8%) systems with top three subtypes, including tuberculous pleurisy (35.0%), spinal TB (9.8%) and cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy (7.9%). With the increase of age, proportion of peripheral lymphatic TB decreased, and proportion rank of genitourinary TB rose. CONCLUSION It is essential to strengthen the diagnosis and treatment capacity for EPTB in primary medical facilities. EPTB should be added to the National Tuberculosis Program as a notifiable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Yan
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Du
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ni Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ni Ni
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjuan Ren
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlin Zhao
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhongwei Jia
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Center for Intelligent Public Health, Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Beijing, China; Center for Drug Abuse Control and Prevention, National Institute of Health Data Science, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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du Preez C, Legoabe LJ, Jordaan A, Jesumoroti OJ, Warner DF, Beteck RM. Arylnitro monocarbonyl curcumin analogues: Synthesis and in vitro antitubercular evaluation. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:717-726. [PMID: 36350112 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural product that has been reported to exhibit myriad pharmacological properties, one of which is antitubercular activity. It demonstrates antitubercular activity by directly inhibiting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and also enhances immune responses that ultimately lead to the elimination of M.tb by macrophages. This natural product is, however, unstable, and several analogues, noticeably monocarbonyl analogues, have been synthesized to overcome this challenge. Curcumin and its monocarbonyl analogues reported so far exhibit moderate antitubercular activity in the range of 7 to 16 μM. Herein, we report a straightforward synthesis of novel monocarbonyl curcumin analogues, their antitubercular activity, and the structure-activity relationship. The hit compound from this study, 3a, exhibits potent MIC90 values in the range of 0.2 to 0.9 μM in both ADC and CAS media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charné du Preez
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Lesetja J Legoabe
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Audrey Jordaan
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Omobolanle J Jesumoroti
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Digby F Warner
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa (CIDRI-Africa), University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Richard M Beteck
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Diriba G, Alemu A, Eshetu K, Yenew B, Gamtesa DF, Tola HH. Bacteriologically confirmed extrapulmonary tuberculosis and the associated risk factors among extrapulmonary tuberculosis suspected patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276701. [PMID: 36417408 PMCID: PMC9683558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The actual burden of bacteriologically confirmed extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) and risk factors in Ethiopia is not well known due to the lack of a strong surveillance system in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed EPTB and the associated risk factors among persons suspected to have non-respiratory tuberculosis in Ethiopia. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies reporting the prevalence of EPTB from searched electronic databases; Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar was estimated spread across the research periods, nationally, and in different areas, using a fixed-effects model. We used I2 to analyze heterogeneity in the reported prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed extrapulmonary tuberculosis. RESULTS After reviewing 938 research articles, 20 studies (19 cross-sectional and 1 retrospective) from 2003 to 2021 were included in the final analyses. The pooled prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed EPTB was 43% (95%CI; 0.34-0.52, I2 = 98.45%). The asymmetry of the funnel plot revealed the presence of publication bias. Specifically the pooled prevalence of bacteriologically confirmed EPTB based on smear microscopy, Xpert MTB/RIF assay, and culture were 22% (95%CI; 0.13-0.30, I2 = 98.56%), 39% (95%CI; 0.23-0.54, I2 = 98.73%) and 49% (95%CI; 0.41-0.57, I2 = 96.43%) respectively. In this study, a history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) contact with PTB patients, contact with live animals, consumption of raw milk, HIV-positive, male, and lower monthly income, were found to be independently associated with bacteriologically confirmed EPTB. CONCLUSION Ethiopia has a high rate of bacteriologically confirmed EPTB. A history of previous PTB, being HIV-positive and having contact with PTB patients were the most reported risk factors for EPTB in the majority of studies. Strengthening laboratory services for EPTB diagnosis should be given priority to diagnose EPTB cases as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getu Diriba
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Ayinalem Alemu
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kirubel Eshetu
- USAID Eliminate TB Project, Management Sciences for Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bazezew Yenew
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Scholze AR, Alves JD, Berra TZ, Ramos ACV, Pieri FM, Pillon SC, Martins JT, Galdino MJQ, Melo EC, Delpino FM, Tártaro AF, Fronteira I, Arcêncio RA. Tuberculosis among People Living on the Street and Using Alcohol, Tobacco, and Illegal Drugs: Analysis of Territories in Extreme Vulnerability and Trends in Southern Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137721. [PMID: 35805377 PMCID: PMC9265499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Tuberculosis presents an epidemiological trend toward inequality, especially among people in social exclusion and situations of vulnerability. This study aimed to analyze territories with a concentration of people diagnosed with tuberculosis in a street situation and who partake in chronic use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs. We also analyzed trends in this health condition in southern Brazil. (2) Methods: Ecological study, developed in the 399 municipalities of Paraná, southern Brazil, with all tuberculosis cases in the homeless population registered in the Information System of Notifiable Diseases between 2014 and 2018. For data analysis, we used descriptive statistics, the Prais–Winsten autoregression method for the time series, and the Getis-Ord Gi technique* for spatial analysis. (3) Results: in total, 560 cases were reported. We found a predominance of alcohol, smoking, and illicit drug users, with an increasing trend in the state and clusters of spatial risk in the East health macro-region. (4) Conclusions: We observed territories with critical levels of highly vulnerable people who use psychoactive substances and are in a street situation. The results highlight the importance of incorporating public policies of social protection for these individuals and resolutive health services that receive these cases and assist in eradicating TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Rolim Scholze
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(43)-99602-8846
| | - Josilene Dália Alves
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças 78605-091, Brazil;
| | - Thaís Zamboni Berra
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Antônio Carlos Vieira Ramos
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Flávia Meneguetti Pieri
- Department of Nursing, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Sandra Cristina Pillon
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Human Sciences, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil;
| | - Júlia Trevisan Martins
- Department of Nursing, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (F.M.P.); (J.T.M.)
| | - Maria José Quina Galdino
- Department of Nursing, State University of Northern Paraná, Bandeirantes 86360-000, Brazil; (M.J.Q.G.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Emiliana Cristina Melo
- Department of Nursing, State University of Northern Paraná, Bandeirantes 86360-000, Brazil; (M.J.Q.G.); (E.C.M.)
| | - Felipe Mendes Delpino
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Ariela Fehr Tártaro
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
| | - Inês Fronteira
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, University Nova de Lisboa, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-902, Brazil; (T.Z.B.); (A.C.V.R.); (F.M.D.); (A.F.T.); (R.A.A.)
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González-Domenech CM, Pérez-Hernández I, Gómez-Ayerbe C, Viciana Ramos I, Palacios-Muñoz R, Santos J. A Pandemic within Other Pandemics. When a Multiple Infection of a Host Occurs: SARS-CoV-2, HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Viruses 2021; 13:931. [PMID: 34067925 PMCID: PMC8156167 DOI: 10.3390/v13050931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
By the middle of 2021, we are still immersed in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The concurrence of this new pandemic in regions where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infections possess the same epidemiological consideration, has arisen concerns about the prognosis, clinical management, symptomatology, and treatment of patients with triple infection. At the same time, healthcare services previously devoted to diagnosis and treatment of TB and HIV are being jeopardized by the urgent need of resources and attention for COVID-19 patients. The aim of this review was to collect any article considering the three conditions (HIV, TB, and SARS-CoV-2), included in PubMed/Medline and published in the English language since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. We focused on detailed descriptions of the unusual cases describing the three co-infections. Eighty-four out of 184 publications retrieved met our inclusion criteria, but only three of them reported cases (five in total) with the three concomitant infections. The clinical evolution, management, and therapy of all of them were not different from mild/severe cases with exclusive COVID-19; the outcome was not worse either, with recovery for the five patients. Cases of patients with COVID-19 besides HIV and TB infections are scarce in literature, but studies deliberately embracing the triple infection as a priori inclusion criterion should be carried out in order to provide a complete understanding of joint influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen María González-Domenech
- Clinical Research in HIV Infection, Endovascular Infection and Bacteriemia, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, Spain; (C.G.-A.); (I.V.R.); (R.P.-M.); (J.S.)
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Gómez-Ayerbe
- Clinical Research in HIV Infection, Endovascular Infection and Bacteriemia, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, Spain; (C.G.-A.); (I.V.R.); (R.P.-M.); (J.S.)
- Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Unit, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Viciana Ramos
- Clinical Research in HIV Infection, Endovascular Infection and Bacteriemia, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, Spain; (C.G.-A.); (I.V.R.); (R.P.-M.); (J.S.)
- Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Unit, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Rosario Palacios-Muñoz
- Clinical Research in HIV Infection, Endovascular Infection and Bacteriemia, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, Spain; (C.G.-A.); (I.V.R.); (R.P.-M.); (J.S.)
- Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Unit, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Santos
- Clinical Research in HIV Infection, Endovascular Infection and Bacteriemia, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga (IBIMA), 29010 Malaga, Spain; (C.G.-A.); (I.V.R.); (R.P.-M.); (J.S.)
- Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Unit, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, 29010 Malaga, Spain
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