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Ruiz AMP, Assumpção DD, Domene SMÁ, Francisco PMSB. Smoking and consumption of ultra-processed foods - a combination of risky choices: A cross-sectional study using Vigitel 2018 data. SAO PAULO MED J 2024; 142:e2023156. [PMID: 39045982 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2023.0156.r1.16022024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking and unhealthy diet are important risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, contributing to public health crises. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the consumption of natural/minimally processed and ultra-processed foods by Brazilian adults (18-59 years old) according to smoking status. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study of a representative population sample from 26 state capitals and the Federal District (Brazil-2018). METHODS Data were obtained from Vigitel-Surveillance System for Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey. Participants were categorized as smokers, ex-smokers, and never smokers. Multinomial logistic regression was used for analyses. RESULTS Of the 30,800 adults evaluated, 9.4% (95%CI: 8.7-10.2) were smokers and 16.5% (95%CI: 15.8-17.3) were ex-smokers. Smokers were less likely to consume fruit and natural juice, and more likely to consume soda or artificial juice (≥ 5 days/week) than ex-smokers and never smokers. Regarding the daily frequency of consumption, smokers were observed to be less likely to eat fruit more than 1 time/day and more likely to drink ≥ 3 cups/cans of soda/day. Compared to never smokers, smokers had a 42% higher chance of consuming ≥ 3 glasses of natural juice/day. On the day before the interview, fruit, milk, tubers, squash, and okra consumption were lower among smokers than non-smokers. Smokers were more likely to report consuming soft drinks, fruit juice, sauces, ready-made dishes, margarine, and sausages. CONCLUSION Smokers had lower fruit consumption, and higher consumption of natural juices and ultra-processed foods. We highlight the need for strategies that encourage healthy eating and smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Pita Ruiz
- PhD student, Collective Health Postgraduate Program, Department of Collective Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil
| | - Daniela de Assumpção
- Professor, Gerontology Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil
| | - Semíramis Martins Álvares Domene
- Associate Professor, Department of Public Policies and Collective Health, Health and Society Institute, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos (SP), Brazil
| | - Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo Francisco
- Professor, Collective Health Postgraduate Program, Department of Collective Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil
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Guedes LFF, Vegi ASF, Felisbino-Mendes MS, Menezes MC, Meireles AL, Malta DC, Machado ÍE. Economic burden for the Unified Health System attributable to excessive sodium consumption in Brazil. Public Health 2024; 228:178-185. [PMID: 38377832 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to estimate the economic costs of excessive sodium consumption in terms of hospitalizations and outpatient procedures of medium and high complexity (OPMHC) for the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) and its states in 2019. STUDY DESIGN Ecological study. METHOD This study used population attributable fractions (PAFs) of excessive sodium consumption estimated by the Global Burden of Disease study based on the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (3 g of sodium per day), the average population consumption, and relative risks of sodium-outcome pairs. PAFs were applied to the total costs of hospitalizations and OPMHC paid by SUS for each outcome obtained from the Outpatient and Hospital Information Systems. The costs per 10,000 inhabitants in all the Brazilian states were calculated and converted into international dollars (Int$), considering the purchasing parity power in the year 2019. RESULTS Excessive sodium consumption resulted in Int$ 98,882,386.36 (95% uncertainty interval: Int$ 3,398,343.53-312,065,319.80) in hospitalizations and OPMHC costs in Brazil in 2019. Males and the 55- to 69-year-old age group had the highest expenditures attributable to excessive sodium consumption. Cardiovascular diseases were the most significant contributors to the costs associated with the risk factor. Southern and southeastern states had the highest costs of diseases attributable to sodium. CONCLUSION Excessive sodium consumption has a significant economic burden on SUS, particularly among men and more developed states. This underscores the inequalities in socio-economic factors and access to health services throughout the country. Economic analyses at the subnational level can provide evidence for public policy planning to define the most appropriate actions for the population's sociodemographic reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F F Guedes
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A S F Vegi
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M S Felisbino-Mendes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - M C Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, School of Nutrition, Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A L Meireles
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, School of Nutrition, Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - D C Malta
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Í E Machado
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Department of Family Medicine, Mental and Collective Health, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Mon AS, Win HH, Sandar WP, Walton P, Swe KH, Vervoort JPM, Landsman JA, Rusnak M, Koot JAR. Co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors for non-communicable diseases among 40-year and above aged community members in three regions of Myanmar. OPEN RESEARCH EUROPE 2024; 3:77. [PMID: 38357680 PMCID: PMC10864818 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.15859.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Risky behaviours such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables are known contributing factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) which account for 74% of global mortality. Such behavioural risk factors co-occur frequently resulting in synergistic action for developing NCD related morbidity and mortality. This study aims to assess the existence of multiple risk behaviours and determine the socio-economic and demographic factors associated with co-occurrence of behavioural risks among Myanmar adult population. Method Data were collected, in the context of the SUNI-SEA project (Scaling Up NCD interventions in Southeast Asia), from 660 community members aged 40 years and above of both sexes, residing in selected urban and rural areas from Ayeyawaddy, Yangon and Mandalay regions of Myanmar. The co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors was presented as percentage with 95% CI and its determinants were identified by multinomial logistic regression. Results The co-occurrence of two risk behaviours and three or four risk behaviours were found in 40% (95% CI: 36.2%, 43.9%) and 10.8% (95% CI: 8.5%, 13.4%) respectively. Urban residents, men, participants without formal schooling and unemployed persons were more likely to exhibit co-occurrence of two risk behaviors and three or four risk behaviours. Conclusion The current study shows high prevalence of co-occurrence of behavioural risk factors among Myanmar adults in the study area. NCD prevention and control programs emphasizing management of behavioural risks should be intensively promoted, particularly directed towards multiple behavioural risk factors, and not focused on individual factors only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Sandar Mon
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Demography, University of Public Health, Yangon, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Hla Hla Win
- University of Public Health, Yangon, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Win Pa Sandar
- SUNI-SEA project, HelpAge International Myanmar, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Poppy Walton
- SUNI-SEA project, HelpAge International Myanmar, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Khin Hnin Swe
- SUNI-SEA project, HelpAge International Myanmar, Yangon, Yangon, 11011, Myanmar
| | - Johanna P. M. Vervoort
- Global Health Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanet A. Landsman
- Department of Health Science, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Rusnak
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Care and Social Work, University of Trnava, Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Jaap A. R. Koot
- Global Health Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713 AV, The Netherlands
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Coletro HN, de Menezes-Júnior LAA, Mendonça RDD, Meireles AL, Machado-Coelho GLL, de Menezes MC. The combined consumption of fresh/minimally processed food and ultra-processed food on food insecurity: COVID Inconfidentes, a population-based survey. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1414-1423. [PMID: 36919847 PMCID: PMC10346086 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002300054x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the combined consumption of fresh/minimally processed and ultra-processed food is associated with food insecurity (FI) during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study was derived from a survey using a population-based search of a complex sample. FI was assessed using the validated Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Food consumption was assessed using a qualitative FFQ and the NOVA classification for fresh/minimally processed food and ultra-processed food. A scoring system was used to evaluate combined food consumption according to the extent and purpose of processing, considering the weekly consumption of the two groups (according to the NOVA classification). Higher punctuation reflects worse diet quality (higher consumption of ultra-processed foods and lower consumption of fresh/minimally processed foods). A theoretical causality model was constructed using a directed acyclic graph, and multivariate analysis was performed using Poisson regression to test the association between FI and food consumption. SETTING Ouro Preto and Mariana, Brazil, between October and December 2020. PARTICIPANTS An epidemiological household survey was conducted with 1753 individuals selected through a stratified and clustered sampling design in three stages. RESULTS Those with food consumption scores in the fourth quartile had a 60 % higher prevalence ratio (PR) for FI (PR: 1·60 and 95 % CI: 1·06 - 2·40). Also, the increased consumption of fresh/minimally processed foods and low consumption of ultra-processed foods presented a 45 % lower prevalence ratio of FI (PR: 0·55 and 95 % CI: 0·40 - 0·80). CONCLUSION These results indicate an inverse association between FI and diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary Nascimento Coletro
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antônio Alves de Menezes-Júnior
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Deus Mendonça
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Carvalho de Menezes
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), School of Nutrition, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Nogueira FDAM, Damacena GN, Souza Júnior PRBD, Szcwarcwald CL. [Self-reported morbidities and lifestyles of agricultural and non-agricultural workers in Brazil: a comparative analysis between 2013 and 2019]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:1971. [PMID: 37436311 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023287.15922022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Differences in the profiles of illness and lifestyles among agricultural and non-agricultural workers were investigated using data from the National Health Survey (Brazilian acronym PNS) of 2013 and 2019. The prevalence and 95% CIs were calculated for the following variables: self-reported morbidities, poor self-rated health, limitations of usual activities, number of NCD, major or minor depression and lifestyles. The Poisson model was used to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, by gender and age. The sample weights and the conglomerate effect in 2013 and 2019 were considered in the analyses. A total of 33,215 non-agricultural workers and 3,797 agricultural workers were evaluated in 2013, whereas 47,849 non-agricultural workers and 4,751 agricultural workers were assessed in 2019. Agricultural workers are more susceptible to poor self-rated health, chronic back problems, excessive physical activity at work, smoking and lower consumption of vegetables and fruit. On the other hand, non-agricultural workers revealed a higher prevalence of asthma/bronchitis, depression and diabetes mellitus and greater consumption of candies and soft drinks. Differentiated NCD prevention and treatment actions for both groups of workers need to be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Albuquerque Melo Nogueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informação e Comunicação em Saúde, Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Brasil 4.036, sala 210, Manguinhos. 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | - Giseli Nogueira Damacena
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
| | | | - Celia Landmann Szcwarcwald
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
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Meller FDO, Santos LPD, Vargas BL, Quadra MR, Martins CD, Schäfer AA. Household food insecurity before and during COVID-19 pandemic and its association with perceived stress: population-based studies. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2023; 39:e00285121. [PMID: 36651379 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen285121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of food insecurity observed in the last years, has been favored by the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to mental health issues, such as stress. We aim to analyze the prevalence of household food insecurity before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with perceived stress. We analyzed data from two population-based studies conducted in 2019 and 2020-2021 in the municipality of Criciúma, State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil. Food insecurity and perceived stress were assessed with the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale. The covariables were sex, age, skin color, schooling level, income, job status, marital status, household crowding, overweight, and diet quality. Crude and adjusted associations between food insecurity and perceived stress were assessed using Poisson regression. A total of 1,683 adult individuals were assessed. Prevalence of food insecurity was 25.8% in 2019, decreasing to 21.6% in 2020. Prevalence of perceived stress was about 38% for both years. Before the pandemic, food insecurity increased the prevalence of perceived stress by 29% (PR = 1.29; 95%CI: 1.02; 1.63), but no association was found during COVID-19. We found a worrying prevalence of food insecurity before and after de pandemic, nonetheless food insecurity and perceived stress were associated only in 2019. An assessment of these aspects after COVID-19 is needed to ensure basic life rights for all.
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First Report on the Co-Occurrence and Clustering Profiles of Cardiovascular Lifestyle Risk Factors among Adults in Burkina Faso. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148225. [PMID: 35886077 PMCID: PMC9316222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The co-occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors is usually associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the co-occurrence and its determinants and to identify the clustering profiles of lifestyle risk factors among the adult population in Burkina Faso. Among 4692 participants, 4377 adults from the first STEPS survey conducted in Burkina Faso were considered in this analysis. Four lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake and low physical activity) were analysed. The clustering was evaluated using the observed/expected (O/E) ratio approach. To identify the determinants of co-occurrence, we performed a modified Poisson regression. The prevalence of the co-occurrence of two or more cardiovascular lifestyle risk factors was 46.4% (95% CI: 43.1–49.7). The main determinants of the co-occurrence were being male (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR): 1.27 (95% CI: 1.16–1.38)), advanced age (55–64 years old: aPR: 1.45 (95% CI: 1.31–1.60)) and a high level of education (aPR: 1.29 (95% CI: 1.09–1.52)). The clustering profile for lifestyle risk factors was tobacco consumption combined with alcohol consumption (O/E: 2.77 (95% CI: 2.12–3.56)), and concurrent involvement in all four lifestyle risk factors (O/E = 1.51 (95% CI: 1.19–1.89)). This first population-based report on the co-occurrence of lifestyle risk factors calls for action to tailor health-promoting interventions to increase healthy lifestyle behaviors. The identified CVD-risk clustering should be considered as an important step in this strategy development in Burkina Faso.
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Menezes-Júnior LAAD, Andrade ACDS, Coletro HN, Mendonça RDD, Menezes MCD, Machado-Coelho GLL, Meireles AL. Food consumption according to the level of processing and sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 49:348-356. [PMID: 35623836 PMCID: PMC8942582 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Consumption of ultra-processed foods is negatively associated with health outcomes, however, the contribution to sleep quality is limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association between food intake by frequency and degree of processing and sleep quality in adults during the covid-19 pandemic. METHODS Population-based survey of adults from October to December 2020 in the Iron Quadrangle region, Brazil. The exposure variable was a food intake score that considered the frequency of consumption and food processing degree. The total score ranged from 0 (best) to 48 points (worst food quality), categorized into quartiles. Furthermore, we also evaluated whether individuals replaced their lunch and/or dinner based mostly on fresh/minimally processed foods for ultra-processed foods, for five or more days in the week. The outcome variable was sleep quality assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We constructed a contrasting directed acyclic graph (DAG) model to estimate the adjusted odds ratio of the association between score eating and sleep, by logistic regression. RESULTS Most of the 1762 individuals evaluated had poor sleep quality (52.5%). The minimum and maximum food scores were 0 and 30 points (mean 9.16; 95% CI 8.50, 9.81). The higher values of the score corresponded to lower consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods and higher consumption of ultraprocessed foods. In multivariate analysis, individuals in the third food consumption score had 71% greater odds of poor sleep quality (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.85) and in the fourth quartile 144% greater odds (OR = 2.44; 95% CI: 1.32, 2.44). Besides, replacing the dinner meal with ultra-processed foods five days or more in the week was also associated with poor sleep quality (OR = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.14, 3.57). CONCLUSION Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods concomitant with lower consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods is associated with a higher chance of poor sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Antônio Alves de Menezes-Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | | | - Hillary Nascimento Coletro
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil.
| | - Raquel de Deus Mendonça
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil; Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Carvalho de Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil; Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Research and Study Group on Nutrition and Public Health (GPENSC), Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil; Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Pita Ruiz AM, De Assumpçã D, Contrera-Avila J, Carvalho Malta D, Stolses Bergamo Francisco PM. Ocorrência simultânea de uso abusivo de álcool e alimentação não saudável em adultos. Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) 2022. [DOI: 10.15446/rsap.v24n3.100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Estimar a prevalência da coocorrência do uso abusivo de álcool e alimentação não saudável em adultos brasileiros e verificar sua relação com o consumo alimentar, segundo o sexo.
Métodos Estudo com dados do inquérito telefônico Vigitel, 2016. Considerou-se uso abusivo de álcool: ingestão ≥5 doses/homens e ≥4/mulheres em uma única ocasião, pelo menos uma vez no último mês. Alimentação não saudável foi caracterizada a partir de um indicador composto por oito alimentos. Foram usados os testes Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Wald, com nível de significância de 5%, e razões de chances ajustadas com regressão logística.
Resultados A coocorrência dos fatores de risco (24,7% vs. 10,0%) foi superior nos homens, nos indivíduos com melhor escolaridade, sem cônjuge, com plano de saúde, nas mulheres que se declararam pretas, e foi menor nos adultos (40-59 anos) e idosos. A coocorrência associou-se com menores chances de consumo de hortaliças cruas e cozidas, frutas, suco, leite e frango (≥5 dias/semana), e com maiores chances de consumo de carne vermelha, refrigerante (≥3 dias/semana) e carnes com excesso de gordura.
Conclusão Os resultados mostram os prejuízos da coocorrência do uso excessivo de álcool e alimentação inadequada sobre os padrões alimentares da população adulta.
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de Almeida Maia M, Saporito FMF, dos Santos Figueiredo FW. Regional inequalities in type 2 diabetes epidemiologic indices in Brazil. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-021-01042-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Barbosa BCR, Parajára MDC, de Paula W, Machado EL, Meireles AL. Age, skin color, self-rated health, and depression associated with co-occurrence of obesogenic behaviors in university students: a cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2022; 141:e2022301. [PMID: 36541955 PMCID: PMC10065088 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0301.r1.10102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The university context plays an important role in the health-disease process since students are potentially vulnerable to obesogenic behaviors that can influence long-term health. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with the co-occurrence of obesogenic behaviors among university students. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a cross-sectional study at a Brazilian public university. METHODS This study was conducted with all university students in the first and second semesters of 2019 at Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected between April and September 2019, using a self-administered questionnaire. The outcome was the co-occurrence of obesogenic behaviors, measured as the sum of three risk behaviors: inadequate eating practices, leisure-time physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior. A Venn diagram was used to evaluate the simultaneous occurrence of risk behaviors. Pearson's chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS A total of 351 students participated in the study. Inadequate eating practices constituted the most prevalent isolated risk behavior (80.6%), which was also the most prevalent when combined with sedentary behavior (23.6%). University students aged 20 years or younger, with non-white skin color, poor self-rated health, and symptoms of depression had increased chances of simultaneous occurrence of obesogenic behaviors. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of developing and implementing actions to reduce combined obesogenic behaviors in the university environment. Institutions should focus on creating an environment that promotes health-protective behaviors such as physical activity and healthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Carolina Rafael Barbosa
- MSc. Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program in Health and
Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro
Preto (MG), Brazil
| | - Magda do Carmo Parajára
- MSc. Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program in Health and
Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro
Preto (MG), Brazil
| | - Waléria de Paula
- MSc. Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program on Pharmaceutical
Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro
Preto (MG), Brazil
| | - Elaine Leandro Machado
- PhD. Professor, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte
(MG), Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- PhD. Professor, Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition,
School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto (MG),
Brazil
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Malta DC, Gomes CS, Prates EJS, Santos FPD, Almeida WDSD, Stopa SR, Pereira CA, Szwarcwald CL. Analysis of demand and access to services in the last two weeks previous to the National Health Survey 2013 and 2019. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2021; 24:e210002. [PMID: 34910056 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720210002.supl.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compare the demand and use of health services between 2013 and 2019, and analyze the associated sociodemographic and health variables in 2019. METHODS Cross-sectional study with data from the National Health Survey (PNS) 2013 and 2019. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the demand and use of health services were estimated. In 2019, the differences in the indicators were analyzed according to sociodemographic variables and the crude and adjusted by sex and age prevalence ratios (RP) were estimated. RESULTS There was an increase of 22% in the demand for health care in the last two weeks, going from 15.3% (95%CI 15.0-15.7) in 2013 to 18.6% (95%CI 18.3-19.0) in 2019. There was a reduction in use in the last two weeks, from 97% (95%CI 96.6-97.4) in 2013 to 86.1% (95%CI 85.4-86.8) in 2019, which was observed for most Federation Units. In 2019, the demand for care was greater among women, the elderly, those with high schooling, individuals with health insurance and poor self-rated health. They obtained greater access to health services in the fifteen days prior to the survey: men, children or adolescents up to 17 years of age, people with health insurance and poor health self-assessment. CONCLUSION The demand for health services has grown and reduced access in the last 15 days between 2013 and 2019. These differences may have been exacerbated by the austerity measures implemented in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Carvalho Malta
- Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | - Crizian Saar Gomes
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil
| | | | | | - Wanessa da Silva de Almeida
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Sheila Rizzato Stopa
- Department of Health Analysis and Surveillance of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases, Secretariat of Health Surveillance, Ministry of Health - Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - Cimar Azeredo Pereira
- Directorate of Research, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Célia Landmann Szwarcwald
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
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Sousa APDM, Pereira IC, Araujo LDL, Rocha MRD, Bandeira HMM, Lima LHDO. Prevalence and factors associated with overweight in adults in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District, 2019. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e2020838. [PMID: 34287557 DOI: 10.1590/s1679-49742021000300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Se To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with overweight in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District, Brazil, 2019. METHODS Se Cross-sectional study, with data from the Surveillance of risk and protective factors for chronic diseases by telephone survey, 2019. Prevalence was calculated overweight and association with sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics and health status, stratified according to sex. RESULTS Se The prevalence of overweight was 55.9% (95%CI 54.9;56.9), associated in men with age of 35-44 years (PR=1.87 - 95%CI 1.65;2.12), alcohol consumption (PR=1.09 - 95%CI 1.03;1.15), and hypertension (PR=1.24 - 95%CI 1.17;1.31); and in women, associated to age 45-54 years (PR=2.03 - 95%CI 1.77;2.32), habit of watching television for 3h/day (PR=1.09 - 95%CI 1.04;1.15), and poor/very poor health status (PR=1.31 - 95%CI 1.20;1.43). CONCLUSION Se Overweight was observed in more than half of the sample, associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and alcohol consumption, in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izabela Cristina Pereira
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Laécio de Lima Araujo
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brasil
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de Carvalho RBN, Rauber F, Claro RM, Levy RB. Risk and protective behaviors for chronic non-communicable diseases among Brazilian adults. Public Health 2021; 195:7-14. [PMID: 34022664 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze behavioral patterns of protective and risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adults and to explore the association between these patterns and sociodemographic characteristics using data from the National Health Survey 2013. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS This is a population-based study, nationwide, of individuals aged ≥18 years (n = 60,202). The sampling process used was grouping with three selection stages: census sector, households, and individuals. The factor analysis by principal component was used to identify behavioral patterns of protective and risk factors for NCDs. Linear regression was used to explore the association between patterns and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Two behavioral patterns were identified: a 'protective pattern' featured by consumption of vegetable, fruits/natural fruit juice, and low-fat milk and recommended physical activity practice during leisure time; and a 'risk pattern' characterized by consumption of high-fat meat and soft drinks, alcohol abuse, and smoking habit. Adherence to the protective pattern was associated with older White women who had higher levels of education, were economically active, and lived in the urban areas of the country. Younger, economically active men living in the urban areas were associated with the risk patterns. CONCLUSIONS Two behavioral patterns for NCDs have been identified and are distributed non-randomly in the adult Brazilian population. These findings are expected to contribute to better targeting health promotion and prevention of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B N de Carvalho
- Program of Post-Graduation in Public Health Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; Nursing Course, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Federal University of Piaui, Picos, 64607-670, Brazil.
| | - F Rauber
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil.
| | - R M Claro
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 3013100, Brazil.
| | - R B Levy
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-904, Brazil; Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil.
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Guimarães RM, Andrade FCD. Healthy life-expectancy and multimorbidity among older adults: Do inequality and poverty matter? Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 90:104157. [PMID: 32585554 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multimorbidity among older adults increases with age. There are large socioeconomic differences across states in Brazil. We believe that estimates of healthy life expectancy differ according to poverty and income inequality status. The objective of the study is to describe patterns of life expectancy with multimorbidity with distinct levels of poverty and inequality in Brazil. We constructed life tables for Brazilian states and estimated the prevalence of multimorbidity for populations aged 60 and over, and divided the states into three groups according to poverty and inequality status and compare them. The group with high poverty and inequality lives fewer years with multimorbidity than the group with lower poverty and inequality. We believe this approach can be used to compare estimates between populations and to identify health inequalities within the country that require attention, optimizing resources, and planning interventions to improve population health, mainly through primary health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Mendonça Guimarães
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21041-360, Brazil; University of Illinois at Urban-Champaign, 1010W Nevada Street, Office 2107, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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López-Bueno R, Calatayud J, Casaña J, Casajús JA, Smith L, Tully MA, Andersen LL, López-Sánchez GF. COVID-19 Confinement and Health Risk Behaviors in Spain. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1426. [PMID: 32581985 PMCID: PMC7287152 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a world pandemic due to COVID-19. In response, most affected countries have enacted measures involving compulsory confinement and restrictions on free movement, which likely influence citizens' lifestyles. This study investigates changes in health risk behaviors (HRBs) with duration of confinement. An online cross-sectional survey served to collect data about the Spanish adult population regarding health behaviors during the first 3 weeks of confinement. A large sample of participants (N = 2,741) (51.8% women; mean age 34.2 years [SD 13.0]) from all Spanish regions completed the survey. Binomial logistic regressions adjusted for socioeconomic characteristics (i.e., gender, age, civil status, education, and occupation), body mass index (BMI), previous HRBs, and confinement context (i.e., solitude and exposure to COVID-19) were conducted to investigate associations between the number of weeks confined and a set of six HRBs (physical activity, alcohol consumption, fresh fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, screen exposure, and sleep hours). When adjusted, we observed significantly lower odds of experiencing a higher number of HRBs than before confinement overall in a time-dependent fashion: OR 0.63; 95% CI: 0.49-0.81 for the second and OR 0.47; 95% CI: 0.36-0.61 for the third week of confinement. These results were equally consistent in all age and gender subgroup analyses. The present study indicates that changes toward a higher number of HRBs than before confinement, as well as the prevalence of each HRB except screen exposure, decreased during the first 3 weeks of COVID-19 confinement, and thus the Spanish adult population may have adapted to the new situational context by gradually improving their health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joaquín Calatayud
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Casaña
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José A Casajús
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Tully
- Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Lars L Andersen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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