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Ringin E, Dunstan DW, Meyer D, McIntyre RS, Owen N, Berk M, Hallgren M, Rossell SL, Van Rheenen TE. Relative associations of behavioral and physiological risks for cardiometabolic disease with cognition in bipolar disorder during mid and later-life: findings from the UK biobank. Psychol Med 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38563285 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic disease risk factors are disproportionately prevalent in bipolar disorder (BD) and are associated with cognitive impairment. It is, however, unknown which health risk factors for cardiometabolic disease are relevant to cognition in BD. This study aimed to identify the cardiometabolic disease risk factors that are the most important correlates of cognitive impairment in BD; and to examine whether the nature of the relationships vary between mid and later life. METHODS Data from the UK Biobank were available for 966 participants with BD, aged between 40 and 69 years. Individual cardiometabolic disease risk factors were initially regressed onto a global cognition score in separate models for the following risk factor domains; (1) health risk behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior, smoking, and sleep) and (2) physiological risk factors, stratified into (2a) anthropometric and clinical risk (handgrip strength, body composition, and blood pressure), and (2b) cardiometabolic disease risk biomarkers (CRP, lipid profile, and HbA1c). A final combined multivariate regression model for global cognition was then fitted, including only the predictor variables that were significantly associated with cognition in the previous models. RESULTS In the final combined model, lower mentally active and higher passive sedentary behavior, higher levels of physical activity, inadequate sleep duration, higher systolic and lower diastolic blood pressure, and lower handgrip strength were associated with worse global cognition. CONCLUSIONS Health risk behaviors, as well as blood pressure and muscular strength, are associated with cognitive function in BD, whereas other traditional physiological cardiometabolic disease risk factors are not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysha Ringin
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong, Australia
| | - Denny Meyer
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Orygen Youth Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment (EPiCSS), Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
- St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
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Chu M, Lee CY, Li X, Zhao Z, Gao M, Chiang YC. Association of Friendly School and Family Contexts and Reducing Health Risk Behaviors Among Adolescents: A Cross-National Study in Europe, North America, and China. J Sch Health 2024; 94:57-68. [PMID: 36967472 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social factors play an important role in adolescents' behaviors. This study aims to understand percentages of health risk behaviors across country in Europe, North America, and China; explore the associations between friendly school and family contexts and involvement for several health risk behaviors among adolescents. METHODS Data derived from health behavior in school-aged children cross-sectional surveys and China Education Panel Survey in 2014-2015. Hierarchical generalized linear modeling was used to analyze data. RESULTS The highest percentages of health risk behaviors including unhealthy diet, smoking or alcohol, screen-based sedentary behaviors, and violent behaviors across country ranged from 28.62% to 65.24%. National classmate friendliness was negatively associated with 5 out of 9 health risk behaviors prevalence rates in 41 countries (p < 0.05). Adolescents' perceived peer friendly and helpful were common protective factor for engaging in several health risk behaviors (p < 0.01). Individual family contexts were associated with 3 types of health risk behaviors involvement (p < 0.001). SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY IMPLICATIONS Health risk behaviors among adolescents reducing was associated with the implementation of friendly school and family contexts, emphasizing the significance of the goals of embedding friendly adolescents, along with the home-school collaboration. CONCLUSIONS Public health strategies should promote national climate of friendship and individual perceived friendly school contexts to reduce health risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chun-Yang Lee
- School of International Business, Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi-Chen Chiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Ahmed N, Islam NS. The Health Implications of Perceived Anti-Muslim Discrimination Among South Asian Muslim Americans. AJPM Focus 2023; 2:100139. [PMID: 37928060 PMCID: PMC10624581 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2023.100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Anti-Muslim discrimination in the U.S. has increased exponentially since 2001, but the impact of anti-Muslim discrimination has yet to be fully examined because of limited data available on this topic and population. The objectives of this study were to (1) examine the association between perceived anti-Muslim discrimination and health risk behaviors, with depressive symptoms as a potential mediator, among South Asian Muslim Americans and (2) examine the association between other forms of perceived discrimination and health risk behaviors, with depressive symptoms as a potential mediator, among South Asian Muslim Americans. Methods Data were collected using an online survey, which was disseminated on subscriber e-mail lists for organizations that serve South Asian or Muslim communities. Participants were asked about perceived discrimination, depressive symptoms, diet, physical activity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in Mplus 8. Results Societal anti-Muslim discrimination had a positive association with depressive symptoms (0.19, p<0.05), as did interpersonal anti-Muslim discrimination (0.20, p<0.05) and other forms of discrimination (0.22, p<0.05). None of the discrimination scales were associated with dietary patterns, tobacco use, or alcohol consumption. Conclusions Study results demonstrated a link between discrimination and depressive symptoms. Further research is needed to examine associations with other adverse health outcomes and potential buffers against discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naheed Ahmed
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Nadia S. Islam
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Joe GW, Lehman WEK, Yang Y, Knight K. The Effectiveness of the StaySafe Intervention Using a Paradigm for Predicting Missing Outcome Data. Eval Health Prof 2023:1632787231212462. [PMID: 37956984 DOI: 10.1177/01632787231212462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Sample attrition is a confounding issue in the analysis of data collected in follow-up studies. The present study uses a regression procedure that includes a propensity score as a predictor in estimating imputed data. The utility of the procedure was addressed by comparing results from this augmented data with those from the original data. Data were from a randomized controlled study testing the utility of a tablet-based intervention designed to improve decision-making with respect to health risk behaviors. Outcomes included self-reported testing for HIV, STD, and hepatitis. Two samples were used (163 in community facilities and 348 in residential facilities). Seventy-eight in the community sample and 238 in the residential sample completed follow-up surveys. Propensity scores based on a stepwise logistic regression were used to make the calibration sample and the missing data sample as close as possible. Multilevel analysis was performed for each outcome and multiple imputation compared estimated mean differences for the augmented and original analyses. The model imputing missing data was effective for the three outcomes and increased power. Least square mean differences between augmented and original data appeared to be essentially the same for most of the outcomes. This protocol has been registered with https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/(NCT02777086).
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Sari E, Moilanen M, Bambra C, Grimsgaard S, Njølstad I. Association between neighborhood health behaviors and body mass index in Northern Norway: evidence from the Tromsø Study. Scand J Public Health 2023; 51:976-985. [PMID: 34903094 PMCID: PMC10599075 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211059972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM The prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen rapidly worldwide, and the ongoing obesity pandemic is one of the most severe public health concerns in modern society. The average body mass index (BMI) of people living in Northern Norway has also steadily increased since the late 1970s. This study aimed to understand how individuals' health behavior is associated with the general health behavior of the people in their neighborhood. METHODS Using the population-based Tromsø Study, we examined the life course association between average leisure time physical activity at the neighborhood level and the BMI of individuals living in the same neighborhood. We used a longitudinal dataset following 25,604 individuals living in 33 neighborhoods and performed a linear mixed-effects analysis. RESULTS The results showed that participants living in neighborhoods whose residents were more physically active during their leisure time, were likely to have a significantly lower BMI (-0.9 kg/m², 95% CI -1.5 to -0.4). Also, individuals living in neighborhoods whose residents were doing mainly manual work, had significantly higher BMIs (0.7 kg/m², 95% CI 0.4-1.0). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed a strong association between the average leisure time physical activity level of neighborhood residents and the higher BMI levels of residents of the same neighborhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Sari
- UiT the Arctic University of Norway
- Vrije University Amsterdam
| | | | - Clare Bambra
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Sameline Grimsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Norway
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Xu T, Yu J, Lei L, Zhang Z. [Latent classes of health risk behaviors and their relationship with self-control among rural secondary school students in Guizhou Province]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2023; 52:950-955. [PMID: 38115660 DOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2023.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the potential categories of health risk Guizhou Province. METHODS From November to December 2021, 4452 rural students in middle school students with average age of(13.5±1.6) years were selected from Guizhou Province by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method.1505(33.8%) students in the first grade, 1958(44.0%) students in the second grade and 989(22.2%) students in the third grade. There were 2295 boys(51.5%) and 2157 girls(48.5%). Basic information questionnaire, health risk behavior questionnaire and self-control scale were used for questionnaire survey. Latent category analysis was used to explore the potential categories of health risk behaviors, and disordered multiple classification logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between potential categories and self-control. RESULTS The health risk behaviors of rural middle school students in Guizhou Province could be divided into four potential categories: low risk group(71.4%), medium risk group(11.6%), sub-high risk group(5.2%) and high risk group(10.7%). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution characteristics of potential categories of junior middle school students with different gender, grade, nationality, only child, accommodation, stay-behind, academic performance, academic pressure, peer relationship, parent-child relationship, teacher-student relationship and domestic violence(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Taking the low-risk group as the reference group, the highest self-control scores were in the medium risk group(OR=1.049, 95%CI 1.040-1.058), the sub-high risk group(OR=1.098, 95%CI 1.083-1.113), and the high risk group(OR=1.077, 95%CI 1.066-1.087). CONCLUSION The latent characteristics of health risk behavior of rural junior middle school students in Guizhou Province are obvious. Improving self-control ability can reduce the occurrence of medium risk group, sub-high risk group and high risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- School of Sports and Health Science, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Jing Yu
- School of Sports and Health Science, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Li Lei
- School of Sports and Health Science, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Zihua Zhang
- School of Sports and Health Science, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, China
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Passinho RS, Bressan J, Hermsdorff HHM, Oliveira FLPD, Pimenta AM. The 30-year cardiovascular risk trajectories and their independently associated factors in participants of a Brazilian cohort (CUME Study). CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2023; 39:e00041323. [PMID: 37792815 PMCID: PMC10552817 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen041323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to analyze the different trajectories of 30-year cardiovascular risk (CVR) and its independently associated factors in participants of the CUME Study, a prospective study with alumni from federal universities of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. In this study, 1,286 participants who answered the baseline (2016) and follow-up (2018 and 2020) questionnaires were included. Trajectories of CVR, according to the Framingham score, were identified with the latent class growth modelling technique with the use of the censored normal model. Analysis of the factors independently associated with each of the trajectories was conducted with multinomial logistic regression technique. Three CVR trajectories were identified: Low-Low (68.3%), Medium-Medium (26.2%), and High-High (5.5%). Male sex, living in a stable union, and having moderate and high intakes of ultra-processed foods were positively associated with the Medium-Medium and High-High CVR trajectories. Having non-healthcare professional training and working were positively associated with the Medium-Medium CVR trajectory, whereas being physically active was negatively associated with the High-High CVR trajectory. In conclusion, more than one-third of participants had CVR trajectories in the Medium-Medium and High-High categories. Food consumption and physical activity are modifiable factors that were associated with these trajectories; thus, implementing health promotion measures could help prevent the persistence or worsen of CVR. On the other hand, sociodemographic and labor characteristics are non-modifiable factors that were associated with Medium-Medium and High-High trajectories, which could help identify people who should be monitored with more caution by health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Soares Passinho
- Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Teixeira de Freitas, Brasil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Departamento de Nutrição e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brasil
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Perez-Fernandez J, Arroyo-Velasco DO, Huaman MR, Chavez-Bustamante SG, Llamo-Vilcherrez AP, Delgado-Flores CJ, Toro-Huamanchumo CJ. Association between early sexual initiation and sexually transmitted infections among Peruvian reproductive-age women. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1191722. [PMID: 37790721 PMCID: PMC10544918 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1191722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a serious public health problem worldwide, especially among reproductive-age women. The early sexual onset of sexual intercourse (EOSI) has been suggested as a risk factor, although there is no data at the national level. Objective To evaluate the association between EOSI and STIs in Peruvian women of childbearing age. Methods Analytical cross-sectional study with secondary data analyzes of the Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey 2018. The outcome was the presence of STIs in the last 12 months and the exposure variable was EOSI (age < 15 years at the time of their first sexual experience). To evaluate the association of interest, crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) were calculated using generalized linear models with Poisson family and logarithmic link function. Results We analyzed data from 31,028 women of childbearing age. The 11.3% reported having STIs in the last 12 months and 20.2% of the participants had an EOSI. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that EOSI was associated with STIs (aPR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.08-1.50; p = 0.005). When conducting stratified analysis by area of residence and number of sexual partners, this association was maintained in women living in urban areas (aPR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.11-1.66; p = 0.003) those who did not report having a history of multiple sexual partners (aPR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.08-1.51; p = 0.005), and those in the middle (aPR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.03-1.97; p = 0.034) and highest (aPR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.33-3.39; p = 0.002) wealth quintiles. Conclusion Among reproductive-age women from Peru, EOSI was associated with STIs, especially in women living in urban areas, with no history of multiple sexual partners, and belonging to the middle to higher wealth index. The implementation of measures to prevent EOSI and fostering appropriate sexual health counseling for women with EOSI is advised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariella R. Huaman
- Sociedad Científica San Fernando, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Anita P. Llamo-Vilcherrez
- Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Carolina J. Delgado-Flores
- Carrera de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo
- Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
- OBEMET Centro de Obesidad y Salud Metabólica, Lima, Peru
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JuÁrez SP, Honkaniemi H, Gustafsson NK, Berg L. Is duration of residence a proxy for acculturation? The case of health risk behaviors among international immigrants. Scand J Public Health 2023:14034948231199534. [PMID: 37723980 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231199534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Among international immigrants, health changes by duration of residence are commonly interpreted as an expression of acculturation to the receiving country context. This study compares changes in immigrants' health risk behaviors by duration of residence to changes by acculturation levels, in order to assess whether duration of residence can be regarded as a proxy for acculturation. METHODS Using data from a previous systematic review, we identified 17 quantitative studies examining changes in alcohol, tobacco and drug use, physical inactivity, and diet by both duration of residence and acculturation level in the same population. We compared the directionality and consistency of these associations through tabulation and vote counting. RESULTS The majority of studies reported no or inconsistent changes in health risk behaviors by duration of residence versus by acculturation, including with opposite directionality. Four studies reported significant estimates with consistent directionality, while five reported consistent, non-significant estimates. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that duration of residence should not be used as a proxy for acculturation when studying health risk behaviors among immigrants. Researchers should consider additional time-dependent factors to explain behavioral changes by duration of residence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol P JuÁrez
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Helena Honkaniemi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Nina-Katri Gustafsson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Lisa Berg
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
- Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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Reis RK, Antonini M, Milanês Sousa LR, Rocha KADA, Naiff Ferreira GRO, Vettore MV, Gir E. Amplified HIV Transmission Risk Among People Living With HIV in Southeast Brazil. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2023; 34:469-480. [PMID: 37565984 PMCID: PMC10470434 DOI: 10.1097/jnc.0000000000000421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study investigated the factors associated with amplified HIV transmission risk among people living with HIV from a city in southeast Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 397 people living with HIV recruited in infectious diseases clinics. Data on risk of HIV transmission, sociodemographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, professional counseling, serological HIV status, HIV-related clinical data, and beliefs about risk of HIV transmission were collected through interviews and medical records. Hierarchical ordered multinomial regression analyses were performed. Amplified HIV risk transmission was associated with lower age, alcohol consumption before having sex, illicit drug use before sexual intercourse, and not receiving professional counseling about HIV transmission. The belief that HIV can be transmitted to a partner not living with HIV was associated with lower likelihood of amplified risk for HIV transmission. Our findings suggest the importance of minimizing substance use before having sex, professional counseling, and beliefs about HIV transmission on amplified HIV risk transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Karina Reis
- Renata Karina Reis, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Marcela Antonini, RN, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Laelson Rochelle Minanês Sousa, PhD, is a Post-Doctorate Candidate, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha, MSc, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, PhD, is a Professor, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, University of Para, Para, Brazil. Mario Vianna Vettore, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder (UiA), Kristiansand, Norway. Elucir Gir, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marcela Antonini
- Renata Karina Reis, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Marcela Antonini, RN, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Laelson Rochelle Minanês Sousa, PhD, is a Post-Doctorate Candidate, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha, MSc, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, PhD, is a Professor, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, University of Para, Para, Brazil. Mario Vianna Vettore, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder (UiA), Kristiansand, Norway. Elucir Gir, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Laelson Rochelle Milanês Sousa
- Renata Karina Reis, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Marcela Antonini, RN, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Laelson Rochelle Minanês Sousa, PhD, is a Post-Doctorate Candidate, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha, MSc, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, PhD, is a Professor, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, University of Para, Para, Brazil. Mario Vianna Vettore, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder (UiA), Kristiansand, Norway. Elucir Gir, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha
- Renata Karina Reis, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Marcela Antonini, RN, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Laelson Rochelle Minanês Sousa, PhD, is a Post-Doctorate Candidate, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha, MSc, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, PhD, is a Professor, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, University of Para, Para, Brazil. Mario Vianna Vettore, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder (UiA), Kristiansand, Norway. Elucir Gir, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira
- Renata Karina Reis, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Marcela Antonini, RN, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Laelson Rochelle Minanês Sousa, PhD, is a Post-Doctorate Candidate, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha, MSc, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, PhD, is a Professor, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, University of Para, Para, Brazil. Mario Vianna Vettore, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder (UiA), Kristiansand, Norway. Elucir Gir, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mario Vianna Vettore
- Renata Karina Reis, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Marcela Antonini, RN, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Laelson Rochelle Minanês Sousa, PhD, is a Post-Doctorate Candidate, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha, MSc, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, PhD, is a Professor, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, University of Para, Para, Brazil. Mario Vianna Vettore, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder (UiA), Kristiansand, Norway. Elucir Gir, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Elucir Gir
- Renata Karina Reis, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Marcela Antonini, RN, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Laelson Rochelle Minanês Sousa, PhD, is a Post-Doctorate Candidate, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Karyanna Alves de Alencar Rocha, MSc, is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Fundamental Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira, PhD, is a Professor, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, University of Para, Para, Brazil. Mario Vianna Vettore, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder (UiA), Kristiansand, Norway. Elucir Gir, PhD, is a Professor, Department of General and Specialized Nursing, University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Saltychev M, Hellgren H, Juhola J. Factors affecting association between pain severity and physical activity among people with low back pain. Int J Rehabil Res 2023; 46:293-296. [PMID: 37421303 PMCID: PMC10653291 DOI: 10.1097/mrr.0000000000000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to identify factors, which may affect the relationship between physical activity and pain severity among patients with low back pain (LBP). It was a cross-sectional survey-based study among 1332 consecutive patients with LBP. Linear regression models were employed. Patients were 47.6 years old and 64% were women. For the entire sample, pain severity and the intensity of physical activity were negatively associated. Higher physical activity was associated with younger age, higher educational level, normal weight and optimal perceived general health. Sex, smoking, marital status and occupation did not demonstrate significant interactions on the association. The severity of disability showed paradoxical effect on the relationship between pain and physical activity - severe disability was associated with increase in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Saltychev
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku
| | - Henri Hellgren
- Clinical Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juhani Juhola
- Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku
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Perak AM, Baker-Smith C, Hayman LL, Khoury M, Peterson AL, Ware AL, Zachariah JP, Raghuveer G. Toward a Roadmap for Best Practices in Pediatric Preventive Cardiology: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2023; 16:e000120. [PMID: 37548024 DOI: 10.1161/hcq.0000000000000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease risk factors are highly prevalent among youth in the United States and Canada. Pediatric preventive cardiology programs have independently developed and proliferated to address cardiovascular risk factors in youth, but there is a general lack of clarity on best practices to optimize and sustain desired outcomes. We conducted surveys of pediatric cardiology division directors and pediatric preventive cardiology clinicians across the United States and Canada to describe the current landscape and perspectives on future directions for the field. We summarize the data and conclude with a call to action for various audiences who seek to improve cardiovascular health in youth, reduce the burden of premature cardiovascular disease, and increase healthy longevity. We call on heart centers, hospitals, payers, and policymakers to invest resources in the important work of pediatric preventive cardiology programs. We urge professional societies to advocate for pediatric preventive cardiology and provide opportunities for training and cross-pollination across programs. We encourage researchers to close evidence gaps. Last, we invite pediatric preventive cardiology clinicians to collaborate and innovate to advance the practice of pediatric preventive cardiology.
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Wang M, Mou X, Li T, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Tao S, Wan Y, Tao F, Wu X. Association Between Comorbid Anxiety and Depression and Health Risk Behaviors Among Chinese Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e46289. [PMID: 37405826 DOI: 10.2196/46289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety is very common among children and adolescents. Few studies have examined how comorbid anxiety and depression are associated with health risk behaviors (HRBs) in adolescents, which could inform preventative approaches for mental health. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association between HRBs and comorbid anxiety and depression in a large adolescent cohort. METHODS We used data from 22,868 adolescents in the National Youth Cohort (China). Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire scale and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, respectively. Comorbidity was determined by the coexistence of anxiety and depression. HRBs including poor diet, smoking, physical inactivity, and poor sleep, as well as the above HRB scores, were added to obtain the total HRB score (HRB risk index). Based on single and total HRB scores, we divided participants into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups. Potential confounders included gender, presence of siblings, regional economic level, educational status, self-rated health, parental education level, self-reported family income, number of friends, learning burden, and family history of psychosis. Correlation analysis was used to explore associations between single risk behaviors. Binary logistic regression estimated the association between HRBs and anxiety-depression comorbidity before and after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The comorbidity rate of anxiety and depression among Chinese adolescents was 31.6% (7236/22,868). There was a statistically significant association between each HRB (P<.05), and HRBs were positively associated with comorbid anxiety and depression in the above population. For single HRBs, adolescents with poor diet, smoking, and poor sleep (medium-risk) were more prone to anxiety-depression comorbidity after adjusting for confounders compared to low-risk adolescents. However, adolescents with all high-risk HRBs were more likely to have comorbid anxiety and depression after adjusting for confounders (poor diet odds ratio [OR] 1.50, 95% CI 1.39-1.62; smoking OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.67-2.81; physical inactivity OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.06-1.28; poor sleep OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.70-2.01). Moreover, in both unadjusted (medium risk OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.56-2.05; high risk OR 3.09, 95% CI 2.72-3.52) and adjusted (medium risk OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.37-1.80; high risk OR 2.33, 95% CI 2.03-2.68) models, HRB risk index, like clustered HRBs, was positively associated with anxiety-depression comorbidity, and the strength of the association was stronger than for any single HRB. In addition, we found that compared to girls, the association between clustered HRBs and anxiety-depression comorbidity was stronger in boys after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that HRBs are related to comorbid anxiety and depression. Interventions that decrease HRBs may support mental health development in adolescence, with the potential to improve health and well-being through to adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xingyue Mou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Hefei, China
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Okada LM, Azeredo CM, Silva RRV, Silveira MF, Haikal DS, De Pinho L, Pena GDG. Association between health risk behaviors and food consumption in adolescents. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:2286-2299. [PMID: 36927223 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2190990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to evaluate the association between substance use and social isolation with food consumption in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,040 adolescents from a medium-sized city in Brazil. The exposures assessed were the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances, and social isolation. The outcomes were the regular consumption (≥5 times/week) of beans, fruit/fruit salad, candies, and soft drinks, and an unhealthy eating score. The association between health risk behaviors and food consumption was assessed through logistic and linear regressions. Regular users of alcohol were more likely to have regular consumption of candies and soft drinks, and those who used tobacco regularly were less likely to have regular bean consumption and more likely to have regular candies consumption. The use of at least one substance was negatively associated with regular bean consumption and positively associated with regular consumption of sweets and soft drinks. Socially isolated adolescents were less likely to have regular bean consumption. Substance use was positively associated with the unhealthy eating score. In conclusion, substance use and social isolation were associated with less regular consumption of healthy food markers and greater regular consumption of unhealthy food markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Martins Okada
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicineb Graduate Program in Primary Health Care, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Catarina Machado Azeredo
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicineb Graduate Program in Primary Health Care, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Geórgia das Graças Pena
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicineb Graduate Program in Primary Health Care, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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Lee JJ, Kim N, Park MK, Ji H, Kim GS. The association between depression and non-compliance with COVID-19 preventive behaviors in South Korean older adults stratified by sex. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 38:e5949. [PMID: 37303124 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the association between depression and non-compliance with COVID-19 preventive behaviors among community-dwelling South Korean older adults. METHODS We utilized the 2020 Korean Community Health Survey-a community-based nationwide survey. A score of 10 points or higher on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was defined as depression. Non-compliance with COVID-19 preventive behaviors was assessed on the following three behaviors: washing hands, wearing masks, and watching distance. We also included socio-demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and COVID-19-related characteristics as covariates. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed, and all statistical analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS The 70,693 participants included 29,736 men and 40,957 women. Notably, 2.3% of men and 4.2% of women had depression. Non-compliance with washing hands was significantly higher in men than women (1.3% vs. 0.9%), whereas no significant differences were observed in wearing masks and watching distance. The adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that depression was positively associated with non-compliance with washing hands and watching distance in both sexes. The association between depression and non-compliance with wearing masks was significant only in women. CONCLUSIONS There was an association between depression and non-compliance with COVID-19 preventive behaviors in South Korean older adults. This signifies that health providers need to reduce depression to improve compliance with preventive behaviors in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Jun Lee
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Wonju College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Park
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Ji
- Division of Nursing, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Suk Kim
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Herd T, Jacques K, Brieant A, Noll JG, King-Casas B, Kim-Spoon J. Parenting, emotion regulation, and externalizing symptomatology as adolescent antecedents to young adult health risk behaviors. J Res Adolesc 2023; 33:632-640. [PMID: 36658680 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study used longitudinal data to elucidate how trajectories of negative parenting across adolescence are associated with young adult health risk behaviors (HRBs) by testing difficulties with emotion regulation and externalizing symptomatology as sequential underlying mediators. The sample included 167 adolescents (53% males, Mage = 14 at Time 1 and Mage = 18 at Time 5) who were assessed five times. Adolescents self-reported on negative parenting, emotion regulation, externalizing symptomatology, and engagement in HRBs. Results suggest that increasingly negative parenting across adolescence has adverse consequences for emotion regulation development and in turn, externalizing symptomatology, which confers risk for young adult HRBs. Results offer insights towards mechanisms for prevention and intervention and public health policy aimed at reducing the prevalence and consequences of engagement in HRBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toria Herd
- College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karen Jacques
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alexis Brieant
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jennie G Noll
- College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brooks King-Casas
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia, USA
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
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17
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Tran T, Song S, Texeira AJ, Rechis R, Nelson KC. Educational interventions to promote sun-protection behaviors in adolescents in the United States: A systematic review. Pediatr Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 37160666 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The most prevalent modifiable risk factor for skin cancer is cumulative lifetime exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, supporting the development of interventions promoting the early adoption of sun-protection behaviors. This systematic review summarizes behavioral interventions designed to promote sun-protection behaviors and reduce harmful UV exposure among U.S. adolescents. Ten studies describing 15 intervention arms were ultimately included in this review and comprised seven cross-sectional studies, a cohort study, a quasi-experimental study, and a randomized controlled trial. Most interventions included in this review were effective in increasing awareness of skin cancer and knowledge of the risk factors for skin cancer, but knowledge did not correlate with self-reported frequency of sun-protection behaviors in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Song
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston John P. and Kathrine G. McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ruth Rechis
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kelly C Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Zhao J, Goodhines PA, Park A. The intersection of neighborhood and race in urban adolescent health risk behaviors. J Community Psychol 2023; 51:1785-1802. [PMID: 36434809 PMCID: PMC10081941 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Racial variability in associations of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and neighborhood disorder with adolescent health risk behaviors remains under-researched, which this study examined over 1 year among racially diverse adolescents. METHODS High school students (N = 345; 18% Asian, 44% Black, 16% Multiracial, 22% White) completed surveys assessing neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and neighborhood disorder, and health risk behaviors (lifetime alcohol, cannabis, and cigarette use, number of sexual partners) at baseline (Year 1) and 1-year follow-up (Year 2). RESULTS Asian, Black, and Multiracial adolescents were more likely to endorse health risk behaviors in Year 2 compared to White adolescents living in similarly disadvantaged neighborhoods at Year 1. Associations of neighborhood disorder with health risk behavior did not differ by race. CONCLUSION Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage (but not neighborhood disorder) may predispose Asian, Black, and Multiracial adolescents to health risk behaviors. Findings may inform interventions to address racial disparities in adolescent health risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University
| | | | - Aesoon Park
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University
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Tam HL, Chair SY, Leung ISH, Leung LYL, Chan ASW. US Adults Practicing Healthy Lifestyles Before and During COVID-19: Comparative Analysis of National Surveys. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e45697. [PMID: 36940169 PMCID: PMC10131672 DOI: 10.2196/45697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Practicing healthy lifestyles can reduce the risk to develop noncommunicable diseases and the related mortality. Studies showed that practicing healthy lifestyles could enhance disease-free life expectancy and preserve bodily functions. However, engagement in healthy lifestyle behavior was suboptimal. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to define individuals' lifestyle characteristics before and during COVID-19 and determine the factors associated with practicing a healthy lifestyle. This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2019 and 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys. METHODS US individuals aged ≥18 years were interviewed via phone call. Healthy lifestyles were assessed through corresponding questions regarding the maintenance of optimal body weight, physical activity, daily consumption of at least five portions of fruits and vegetables, current smoking status, and alcohol consumption. Missing data were imputed using a package in the R statistical software. The effects of practicing a healthy lifestyle on cases without missing data and those with imputation were reported. RESULTS There were 550,607 respondents (272,543 and 278,064 from 2019 and 2021, respectively) included in this analysis. The rates of practicing a healthy lifestyle were 4% (10,955/272,543) and 3.6% (10,139/278,064) in 2019 and 2021, respectively. Although 36.6% (160,629/438,693) of all 2021 respondents had missing data, the results of the logistic regression analysis for cases without missing data and those with imputation were similar. Of the cases with imputation, women (odds ratio [OR] 1.87) residing in urban areas (OR 1.24) with high education levels (OR 1.73) and good or better health status (OR 1.59) were more likely to practice healthier lifestyles than young individuals (OR 0.51-0.67) with a low household income (OR 0.74-0.78) and chronic health conditions (OR 0.48-0.74). CONCLUSIONS A healthy lifestyle should be strongly promoted at the community level. In particular, factors associated with a low rate of practice of healthy lifestyles should be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon Lon Tam
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Sek Ying Chair
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Isaac Sze Him Leung
- Department of Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, China (Hong Kong)
| | - Leona Yuen Ling Leung
- The Ronin Institute, Montclair, NJ, United States
- Canadian Academy of Independent Scholars, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alex Siu Wing Chan
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, China (Hong Kong)
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DiPietro Mager NA, Zollinger TW, Turman JE, Zhang J, Dixon BE. Preconception health status and associated disparities among rural, Midwestern women in the United States. Birth 2023; 50:127-137. [PMID: 36696365 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the preconception/interconception health and behaviors of reproductive-age women in the rural Midwest of the United States. The purpose of this study was to quantify preconception/interconception health status and to identify disparities compared with statewide estimates. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we collected data on 12 health conditions and behaviors that are risk factors for adverse maternal and infant health outcomes from nonpregnant women ages 18-45 years in rural northwestern Ohio. Statistical tests were used to identify associations between selected demographic characteristics and a subset of eight high-priority health measures (smoking, diabetes, heavy alcohol use, folic acid intake, normal weight, sufficient physical activity, and effective contraception use); all but physical activity could be compared with Ohio estimates derived from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Ohio Pregnancy Assessment Survey. RESULTS Three hundred-fifteen women participated, with 98.4% reporting at least one high-priority risk factor. Statistically significant differences were identified among subpopulations related to smoking, folic acid, normal weight, sufficient physical activity, and effective contraception use. In addition, the proportion of participants reporting hypertension (P < 0.001), smoking (P < 0.001), abnormal weight (P = 0.002), and lack of daily folic acid intake (P = 0.006) were statistically significantly higher than expected based on statewide estimates. CONCLUSIONS Women in the rural Midwest of the United States are at risk for poor health and pregnancy outcomes. Statewide estimates tracking preconception/interconception health status may obscure variation for at-risk groups, particularly in rural or underserved areas. These findings illustrate the need for interventions to advance preconception/interconception health and improve methods to capture and analyze data for rural women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A DiPietro Mager
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Terrell W Zollinger
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jack E Turman
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Brian E Dixon
- Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Center for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Rizk Y, Hoteit R, Khater B, Naous J. Psychosocial wellbeing and risky health behaviors among Syrian adolescent refugees in South Beirut: a study using the HEEADSSS interviewing framework. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1019269. [PMID: 37205080 PMCID: PMC10187139 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1019269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Adolescent refugees are at risk of mental health disorders and underdiagnosed risky behaviors. Limited research exists in the Middle East and North Africa. This study aims to assess psychosocial wellbeing and risk-taking behaviors among adolescent refugees displaced to South Beirut following a standardized framework. Methods A cross-sectional study using face-to-face confidential HEEADSSS (Home, Education/Employment, Eating, Activities, Drugs, Sexuality, Safety and Suicide/Depression) interviews was conducted among 52 Syrian adolescent refugees, between the ages of 14 and 21, in a health center in South Beirut. Results The mean age of the interviewees was 17.04 ± 1.77 years, with a male predominance 34 (65.4%). Five (9.6%) were married, 38 (73.1%) were not attending school 27 (52.9%) lived in a place with a crowding index ≥3.5 and 21 (40.4%) were working. Risky health concerns or behaviors detected included no activities or exercise 38 (73.1%), eating one to two meals per day 39 (75%) and smoking 22 (42.3%). Eleven (21.2%) have been ever offered drugs and 22 (42.3%) believed they should carry a weapon for protection. Twenty one out of 32 (65.7%) had major depressive disorders and 33 (63.5%) screened positive for behavioral problems. Exposure to home verbal or physical violence, male gender, smoking, and employment were associated with high scoring in behavioral problems. Smoking and ever been touched in an unwanted way were found to be associated with depression. Conclusion and practical implications Implementing the HEEADSSS interviewing assessment within medical encounters with refugee adolescents is one efficient way to detect risky health behaviors and mental health problems. Interventions need to be implemented as early as possible in the refugees' journey to help them cope and gain resilience. Training health care providers to conduct the questionnaire and delivering brief counseling when required is recommended. Establishing a network of referrals to provide multidisciplinary care to adolescents can be helpful. Obtaining a fund to distribute safety helmets for adolescent motorbike drivers can be a way to reduce injuries. More research among adolescent refugees in multiple settings, including teenagers in the host country, is needed to serve this population better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Rizk
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Lebanese American University Medical Center Rizk Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Reem Hoteit
- Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Beatrice Khater
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jihane Naous
- Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Jihane Naous,
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22
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Culatta E, Clay-Warner J. "I'm an adult now": Health risk behaviors and identifying as an adult. J Health Psychol 2022; 27:3164-3176. [PMID: 35422145 DOI: 10.1177/13591053221086184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Is identifying as an adult associated with lower rates of participation in risky behaviors? This study focuses on how identity affects health behaviors for young adults. We use an original sample of over 500 18- to 29-year-olds in the United States to explore how self-identification as an adult is associated with three clusters of health risk behaviors: substance use, risky sexual behavior, and risky driving behavior. Consistent with our predictions, we find that viewing oneself as an adult is associated with lower levels of participation in each of the health risk behavior outcomes.
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Bozzini AB, Maruyama JM, Santos IS, Murray J, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Munhoz TN, Matijasevich A. Prevalence of adolescent's risk behaviors at age 11 and 15: data from the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort. Braz J Psychiatry 2022; 45:93-101. [PMID: 36318481 PMCID: PMC10154011 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the following risk behaviors: cigarette, electronic cigarette, alcohol, substance and sexual experimentation and delinquent behavior at age 15, stratified by sex and socioeconomic position. We also investigated the prevalence of cigarette and alcohol experimentation at age 11 and the persistence and cumulative incidence of these behaviors between 11 to 15 age. METHODS Cohort study. We included 3,491 11-year-old and 1,949 15-year-old adolescents from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort. All outcomes were identified via confidential questionnaires and were analyzed as binary variables. RESULTS At age 11, we found a male preponderance of cigarette experimentation. At age 15, alcohol experimentation, cigarette experimentation and substance experimentation had a female preponderance; and cigarette experimentation and sexual experimentation were more prevalent in individuals belonging to low socioeconomic position. We found high rates of cumulative incidence of 'alcohol experimentation' in male and in female adolescents; and high rates of persistence of alcohol experimentation both in male and female. CONCLUSIONS Further research should clarify causal paths of high prevalence of risk behaviors during adolescence and its increase in female adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Bozzini
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Jessica Mayumi Maruyama
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Iná S Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Joseph Murray
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. Human Development and Violence Research Centre, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago N Munhoz
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil. School of Psychology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUSP), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Gong F, Lei Z, Gong Z, Min H, Ge P, Guo Y, Ming WK, Sun X, Wu Y. The Role of Family Health in Mediating the Association between Smartphone Use and Health Risk Behaviors among Chinese Adolescent Students: A National Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:13378. [PMID: 36293956 PMCID: PMC9603663 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The direct impact of smartphones on health risk behaviors of adolescent students has been verified. However, the mediating mechanisms that underly this relationship remain largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of the study is to explore the role of family health in mediating the relationship between the frequency of smartphone use and adolescent students' health risk behaviors. A questionnaire was used to collect cross-sectional data from 693 adolescent students aged 12-18 in China and a structural equation model was analyzed. Among the nine health risk behaviors, the most frequent health risk behaviors in Chinese adolescent students were non-compliance walking behaviors (M=Mean; SD = Standard deviation) (M ± SD) (2.78 ± 1.747), eating unhygienic food (M ± SD) (2.23 ± 1.299), being subjected to physical violence (M ± SD) (2.19 ± 0.645), and leaving home (M ± SD) (2.13 ± 0.557). The SEM results showed that the adolescent students' smartphone use had a positive impact on delaying the age of first alcohol consumption (β = 0.167, CI:0.067 0.287) and a negative impact on the non-compliance walking behaviors (β = 0.176, CI:0.011 0.266). Family health plays an indirect-only mediated role (the proportions of indirect-only mediated roles are 11.2%, 12.4%, and 11.5%) in the relationship between smartphone use and adolescent students' partial health risk behaviors: (CI: -0.042 -0.002), (CI: -0.049 -0.005), and (CI: -0.043 -0.002). These findings provided a theoretical and practical basis for better interventions in adolescent health risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmin Gong
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Zhaowen Lei
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Zhuliu Gong
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Hewei Min
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pu Ge
- Bachelor of Pharmacy Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Yi Guo
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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25
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Simmons JD, Smith JE, Erickson SJ, Warner TD. A factor analytic approach to understanding health risk behaviors and resilience among multi-racial/ethnic adolescents in New Mexico. Ethn Health 2022; 27:1652-1670. [PMID: 33971771 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1925227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the factor validity of health risk behaviors and resilience indicators and their covariation across a large racially/ethnically diverse adolescent population. DESIGN The study subsample (47% Hispanic, 31% White Non-Hispanic, 17% American Indian) was derived from the 2013 New Mexico Youth Risk Resilience Survey (YRRS; N-19,033). We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis on the 6 health risk domains identified by the CDC as contributing most to adolescent morbidity/mortality: (1) cigarette use, (2) alcohol and other illicit drug use, (3) marijuana use, (4) sexual activity, (5) nutrition habits, and (6) physical activity. RESULTS A 4-factor CFA model of adolescent health risk behaviors was replicated, and a hypothesized 6-factor structure based on behaviors that contribute most to adolescent morbidity/mortality was confirmed. The pattern of covarying risk behaviors differed by Hispanic, Native American, and Non-Hispanic White groups. We also confirmed a single external resilience-interference factor (decreased parental support, low school/community engagement, negative peer associations) that positively correlated with all six risk behaviors. CONCLUSION This study described the structure of adolescent health risk behaviors within a context of psychosocial resilience for American Indian and Hispanic adolescents in contrast to Non-Hispanic White adolescents. Our findings provided evidence for the construct validity of six health-risk behavior dimensions within a large racially/ethnically diverse adolescent sample, which reveal different patterns of loadings, degrees of model fit, and factor inter-correlations across the three racial/ethnic groups. Patterns of covarying risk behaviors differed in strength and direction by racial/ethnic group. Results suggest that interventions should target multiple behaviors and be tailored for different racial/ethnic groups. Targeting health risk and resilience indicators supports the use of multi-level health interventions at the individual, school, family, and community level by identifying individuals based on external resilience scores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Teddy D Warner
- Psychology Department, University of New Mexico
- Dept. of Family & Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque
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26
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Ge G, Huangfu C, Ge M, Gao Y, Tang N. Influence factors associated with health risk behaviors of middle school students in the poverty area of China: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29922. [PMID: 35984118 PMCID: PMC9388017 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We aim to investigate the status and influence factors of health risk behaviors among middle school students and explore the relationship between social support, family care, and the health risk behaviors. The study was conducted in 3 middle schools in the Fan county located in the Puyang city. Independent measures were applied to assess adolescent health risk behaviors, perceive social support, and family care. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the main factors that affect adolescent health risk behaviors. The total scores of health risk behaviors were 53.87 ± 9.97, and all kinds of health risk behaviors were very common. The highest score was health-compromising (2.45 ± 0.43), and the lowest score was unprotected sex behaviors (1.07 ± 0.28). Multiple regression analysis showed that sex (P < .001), grade (P < .001), parent relationships (P < .001), father's occupation (P = .035), mother's education level (P = .011), social support (P < .001), affection (P < .001), and growth (P = .003) were the main factors of health risk behaviors, accounting for 25.3%. The health risk behaviors among middle school students in Fan county should attract the attention of education administration, schools, and parent due to the varied influencing factors. Related interventions should be conducted to reduce the severity and frequency of adolescent health risk behaviors and protect the health and growth of adolescents. In order to better analyze the health risk behaviors of middle school students, we will incorporate more influencing factors and carry out further causal analysis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqi Ge
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Nursing School of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chaoji Huangfu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Min Ge
- Puyang City People’s Hospital, Puyang, Henan Province, 457000, China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Nursing School of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Nan Tang
- Center for evidence-based nursing, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- *Correspondence: Nan Tang, Center for Evidence-Based Nursing, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, No. 28 Yanxi Road, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China (e-mail: )
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Papageorgiou V, Crittendon E, Coukan F, Davies B, Ward H. Impact of daily, oral pre-exposure prophylaxis on the risk of bacterial sexually transmitted infections among cisgender women: a systematic review and narrative synthesis. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:108. [PMID: 36051893 PMCID: PMC9391742 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17457.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are concerns that the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may result in an increased incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Evidence for this is mixed and has mostly been based on reviews focussed on gay and bisexual men and transgender women, while none have summarised evidence in cisgender women. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to explore whether daily, oral PrEP use is associated with changes in bacterial STI occurrence (diagnoses or self-reported) and/or risk among HIV seronegative cisgender women (ciswomen). The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Results: We included 11 full text articles in a narrative synthesis, with the studies published between 2012 and 2021. The studies were mostly based in Africa (n=7, 63.6%) and reported on 3168 ciswomen using PrEP aged 16-56 years. Studies had marked differences in variables, including measurements and definitions (e.g., STI type) and limited data available looking specifically at ciswomen, principally in studies with both male and female participants. The limited evidence suggests that PrEP use is not associated with increased STI rates in ciswomen generally; however, adolescent girls and young women in Sub Saharan Africa have a higher prevalence of bacterial STIs prior to PrEP initiation, compared to adult ciswomen and female sex workers. Conclusions: We suggest future PrEP research make efforts to include ciswomen as study participants and report stratified results by gender identity to provide adequate data to inform guidelines for PrEP implementation. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019130438.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Papageorgiou
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Erica Crittendon
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Flavien Coukan
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration Northwest London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Bethan Davies
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Helen Ward
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration Northwest London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, W2 1NY, UK
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
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28
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Hoek AG, van Oort S, Elders PJM, Beulens JWJ. Causal Association of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Lifestyle Behaviors With Peripheral Artery Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Approach. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e025644. [PMID: 35929454 PMCID: PMC9496309 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.025644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background We investigated the causal associations between the genetic liability to cardiovascular and lifestyle risk factors and peripheral artery disease (PAD), using a Mendelian randomization approach. Methods and Results We performed a 2‐sample inverse‐variance weighted Mendelian randomization analysis, multiple sensitivity analyses to assess pleiotropy and multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses to assess mediating/confounding factors. European‐ancestry genomic summary data (P<5×10−8) for type 2 diabetes, lipid‐fractions, smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption, physical activity, sleep, and education level were selected. Genetic associations with PAD were extracted from the Million‐Veteran‐Program genome‐wide association studies (cases=31 307, controls=211 753, 72% European‐ancestry) and the GoLEAD‐SUMMIT genome‐wide association studies (11 independent genome‐wide association studies, European‐ancestry, cases=12 086, controls=449 548). Associations were categorized as robust (Bonferroni‐significant (P<0.00294), consistent over PAD‐cohorts/sensitivity analyses), suggestive (P value: 0.00294–0.05, associations in 1 PAD‐cohort/inconsistent sensitivity analyses) or not present. Robust evidence for genetic liability to type 2 diabetes, smoking, insomnia, and inverse associations for higher education level with PAD were found. Suggestive evidence for the genetic liability to higher low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride‐levels, alcohol consumption, and inverse associations for high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased sleep duration were found. No associations were found for physical activity and coffee consumption. However, effects fully attenuated for low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides after correcting for apoB, and for insomnia after correcting for body mass index and lipid‐fractions. Nonsignificant attenuation by potential mediators was observed for education level and type 2 diabetes. Conclusions Detrimental effects of smoking and type 2 diabetes, but not of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, on PAD were confirmed. Lower education level and insomnia were identified as novel risk factors for PAD; however, complete mediation for insomnia and incomplete mediation for education level by downstream risk factors was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna G Hoek
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sabine van Oort
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam The Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam General Practice Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Petra J M Elders
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam General Practice Amsterdam The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Amsterdam The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology Amsterdam The Netherlands.,University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht University, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care Utrecht The Netherlands
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29
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Gomes NL, Lopes CDS. Panorama of risky sexual behaviors in the Brazilian adult population - PNS 2019. Rev Saude Publica 2022; 56:61. [PMID: 35766790 PMCID: PMC9239426 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the risky sexual behaviors of Brazilian adults according to socioeconomic, demographic, and regional characteristics. METHODS Data from the 2019 National Health Survey, referring to the population aged 18 years or older, were analyzed. Risky sexual behaviors were considered: early sexual initiation, before the age of 15 years, and nonuse of condoms in the last sexual intercourse. Prevalence and respective confidence intervals were calculated for the subgroups of interest. RESULTS Early sexual initiation among adult individuals was 24% among men and 11% among women, being higher among young people with lower levels of education and household income. The nonuse of condoms was higher among married/cohabiting partners, no schooling or with some elementary school, and among older people. The prevalence of nonuse of condoms among married/cohabiting partners was the same in both sexes (75%). However, among non-cohabiting partners, gender disparity was relevant, as 39.1% of women did not use condoms in the last sexual intercourse, while among men this result was 26.9%. CONCLUSIONS Higher prevalence of early sexual initiation for younger generations is noteworthy, especially among women. Concerning the nonuse of condoms, there are important gender disparities in the group of non-cohabiting partners, in addition to the high prevalence among older people, which should be considered in the formulation of public policies. The results of the present study are extremely relevant for understanding the adult population currently more vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections, after over five years without official statistics on this matter at the national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Lopes Gomes
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroInstituto de Medicina SocialRio de JaneiroRJBrasilUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Medicina Social. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil,Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e EstatísticaDiretoria de PesquisasCoordenação de Trabalho e RendimentoRio de JaneiroRJBrasilInstituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento.Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Claudia de Souza Lopes
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroInstituto de Medicina SocialRio de JaneiroRJBrasilUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Medicina Social. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Lastrucci V, Lazzeretti M, Innocenti F, Lorini C, Berti A, Silvestri C, Chiesi F, Schirripa A, Paoli S, Di Pisa G, Moscadelli A, Bonaccorsi G, Voller F. Trends in Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors and Wellbeing: A 10 Year Observation from the EDIT Surveillance of Tuscany Region, Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19116863. [PMID: 35682446 PMCID: PMC9180865 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the trends of prevalence of health risk behaviors (HRBs) and health conditions over a 10 year period (2008-2018) in a representative sample of adolescents of Tuscany Region, Italy. Methods: This was a repeated cross-sectional (four survey waves) study. The prevalence of 17 HRBs and health conditions were analyzed by age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES). Results: A total of 21,943 students were surveyed. During the study period, decreases in smoking participation, cocaine use, driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs, and problem gambling were observed, while alcohol abuse and at-risk sexual behaviors remained unchanged or increased. Males resulted more frequently involved in most of the HRBs, while females more frequently reported physical inactivity, regular smoking, and not using a condom. Female participation in smoking and alcohol abuse behaviors, fruit and vegetable consumption, and bullying worsened over the study period. Smoking, poor dietary habits, physical inactivity, high distress level, and obesity were more frequently observed in low-SES students than in high-SES students. Conclusions: The findings showed different tendencies in adolescent participation in HRBs over the last decade; concerning trends in at-risk sexual behaviors and alcohol consumption and females' risk-taking behavior on the rise require careful monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vieri Lastrucci
- Epidemiology Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 24, 50139 Florence, Italy;
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 48, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Marco Lazzeretti
- Epidemiologic Observatory, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Via Pietro Dazzi 1, 50141 Florence, Italy; (M.L.); (F.I.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Francesco Innocenti
- Epidemiologic Observatory, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Via Pietro Dazzi 1, 50141 Florence, Italy; (M.L.); (F.I.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Chiara Lorini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 48, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Alice Berti
- Epidemiologic Observatory, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Via Pietro Dazzi 1, 50141 Florence, Italy; (M.L.); (F.I.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Caterina Silvestri
- Epidemiologic Observatory, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Via Pietro Dazzi 1, 50141 Florence, Italy; (M.L.); (F.I.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (F.V.)
| | - Fabrizio Chiesi
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.S.); (S.P.); (G.D.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Annamaria Schirripa
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.S.); (S.P.); (G.D.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Sonia Paoli
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.S.); (S.P.); (G.D.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Giulia Di Pisa
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.S.); (S.P.); (G.D.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrea Moscadelli
- Medical Specialization School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.S.); (S.P.); (G.D.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Guglielmo Bonaccorsi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale GB Morgagni 48, 50134 Florence, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Fabio Voller
- Epidemiologic Observatory, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Via Pietro Dazzi 1, 50141 Florence, Italy; (M.L.); (F.I.); (A.B.); (C.S.); (F.V.)
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Scherer EA, Kim SJ, Metcalf SA, Sweeney MA, Wu J, Xie H, Mazza GL, Valente MJ, MacKinnon DP, Marsch LA. Momentary Self-regulation: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e35273. [PMID: 35536605 PMCID: PMC9131140 DOI: 10.2196/35273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-regulation refers to a person's ability to manage their cognitive, emotional, and behavioral processes to achieve long-term goals. Most prior research has examined self-regulation at the individual level; however, individual-level assessments do not allow the examination of dynamic patterns of intraindividual variability in self-regulation and thus cannot aid in understanding potential malleable processes of self-regulation that may occur in response to the daily environment. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a brief, psychometrically sound momentary self-regulation scale that can be practically administered through participants' mobile devices at a momentary level. METHODS This study was conducted in 2 phases. In the first phase, in a sample of 522 adults collected as part of a larger self-regulation project, we examined 23 previously validated assessments of self-regulation containing 594 items in total to evaluate the underlying structure of self-regulation via exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. We then selected 20 trait-level items to be carried forward to the second phase. In the second phase, we converted each item into a momentary question and piloted the momentary items in a sample of 53 adults over 14 days. Using the results from the momentary pilot study, we explored the psychometric properties of the items and assessed their underlying structure. We then proposed a set of subscale and total score calculations. RESULTS In the first phase, the selected individual-level items appeared to measure 4 factors of self-regulation. The factors identified were perseverance, sensation seeking, emotion regulation, and mindfulness. In the second phase of the ecological momentary assessment pilot, the selected items demonstrated strong construct validity as well as predictive validity for health risk behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide preliminary evidence for a 12-item momentary self-regulation scale comprising 4 subscales designed to capture self-regulatory dynamics at the momentary level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Scherer
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Sunny Jung Kim
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Health Communication and Digital Innovation, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Stephen A Metcalf
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Ann Sweeney
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Jialing Wu
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
- School of Media and Design, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Haiyi Xie
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Gina L Mazza
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Matthew J Valente
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - David P MacKinnon
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
| | - Lisa A Marsch
- Center for Technology and Behavioral Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
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Zhai S, Tao S, Wu X, Yang Y, Xiang J, Xu Y, Zou L, Xie Y, Li T, Tao F. [Mediating role of IL-10 in the association between health-risk behaviors and depressive symptoms of college students]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2022; 51:353-360. [PMID: 35718894 DOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between health-risk behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students, and explore the mediating role of plasma IL-10 level in the relationship between the two. METHODS Freshman students in two universities in Hefei City, Anhui Province and Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province were recruited between April and May 2019, and follow-up investigation was conducted 6 months later. Health risk behaviors were measured based on the Young Risk Behavior Surveillance System(YRBSS) questionnaire, and depressive symptoms was evaluated by using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale(DASS-21) among college students at baseline and 6 months follow-up survey. Plasma interleukin-10(IL-10) level was measured at baseline. Univariate analysis was used to compare the correlation between health risk behaviors and depressive symptoms among college students. Binary Logistic regression analyzed the relationship between health risk behaviors, IL-10 and depressive symptoms. The mediation model was used to explore the mediating role of IL-10 levels in the association between health risk behaviors and depressive symptoms. RESULTS At baseline, boys reported a higher rate of depressive symptoms than that of girls(χ~2=6.33, P=0.01); higher rates of depressive symptoms were observed in students who were from a family with a low perceived economic status(χ~2=7.31, P=0.03)or in poor health(χ~2=6.71, P=0.04). Participants who reported low physical activity(χ~2=19.09, P<0.01), smoking(χ~2=7.03, P<0.01), and poor sleep quality(χ~2=68.78, P<0.01)at baseline were more likely to experience depressive symptoms. Multiple health-risk behaviors at baseline were positively correlated with depressive symptoms among college students. After adjusting gender, self-reported family economy and self-rated health, the regression model showed that plasma IL-10 at baseline was negatively associated with the prevalence of depressive symptoms(OR=0.36, 95% CI 0.18-0.72) and the incidence of depressive symptoms after 6 months(OR=0.20, 95% CI 0.08-0.49). Structural equation model showed that health-risk behaviors was negatively correlated to IL-10 level(β=-0.13, SE=0.04), IL-10 negatively predicted depressive symptoms at follow-up(β=-0.09, SE=0.04), and IL-10 play a mediating role between health risk behavior and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Health risk behaviors are positively correlated with depressive symptoms among college students. Plasma IL-10 level at baseline was negatively associated with the incidence of depressive symptoms after 6 months, and IL-10 level at baseline has a partial mediating effect between baseline health risk behavior clustering and depressive symptoms at follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhai
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jianmin Xiang
- School of Physical Education, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| | - Yongsheng Xu
- School of Physical Education, Shangrao Normal University, Shangrao 334001, China
| | - Liwei Zou
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yang Xie
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei 230032, China
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Arashiro T, Arima Y, Muraoka H, Sato A, Oba K, Uehara Y, Arioka H, Yanai H, Yanagisawa N, Nagura Y, Kato Y, Kato H, Ueda A, Ishii K, Ooki T, Oka H, Nishida Y, Stucky A, Miyahara R, Smith C, Hibberd M, Ariyoshi K, Suzuki M. Behavioral factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Japan. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2022; 16:952-961. [PMID: 35470969 PMCID: PMC9111610 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relative burden of COVID‐19 has been less severe in Japan. One reason for this may be the uniquely strict restrictions imposed upon bars/restaurants. To assess if this approach was appropriately targeting high‐risk individuals, we examined behavioral factors associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the community. Methods This multicenter case–control study involved individuals receiving SARS‐CoV‐2 testing in June–August 2021. Behavioral exposures in the past 2 weeks were collected via questionnaire. SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR‐positive individuals were cases, while PCR‐negative individuals were controls. Results The analysis included 778 individuals (266 [34.2%] positives; median age [interquartile range] 33 [27–43] years). Attending three or more social gatherings was associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.00 [95% CI 1.31–3.05]). Attending gatherings with alcohol (aOR 2.29 [1.53–3.42]), at bars/restaurants (aOR 1.55 [1.04–2.30]), outdoors/at parks (aOR 2.87 [1.01–8.13]), at night (aOR 2.07 [1.40–3.04]), five or more people (aOR 1.81 [1.00–3.30]), 2 hours or longer (aOR 1.76 [1.14–2.71]), not wearing a mask during gatherings (aOR 4.18 [2.29–7.64]), and cloth mask use (aOR 1.77 [1.11–2.83]) were associated with infection. Going to karaoke (aOR 2.53 [1.25–5.09]) and to a gym (aOR 1.87 [1.11–3.16]) were also associated with infection. Factors not associated with infection included visiting a cafe with others, ordering takeout, using food delivery services, eating out by oneself, and work/school/travel‐related exposures including teleworking. Conclusions We identified multiple behavioral factors associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, many of which were in line with the policy/risk communication implemented in Japan. Rapid assessment of risk factors can inform decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Arashiro
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuzo Arima
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Kunihiro Oba
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Uehara
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Arioka
- Department of General Internal Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Yanai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukujuji Hospital, Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, Kiyose, Japan
| | | | | | - Yasuyuki Kato
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kato
- Infection Prevention and Control Department, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ueda
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Ishii
- Saitama Sekishinkai Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takao Ooki
- Saitama Sekishinkai Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Oka
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nishida
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ashley Stucky
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Miyahara
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chris Smith
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Martin Hibberd
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Koya Ariyoshi
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Motoi Suzuki
- Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Papageorgiou V, Crittendon E, Coukan F, Davies B, Ward H. Impact of daily, oral pre-exposure prophylaxis on the risk of bacterial sexually transmitted infections among cisgender women: a systematic review and narrative synthesis. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 7:108. [PMID: 36051893 PMCID: PMC9391742 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17457.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There are concerns that the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may result in an increased incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Evidence for this is mixed and has mostly been based on reviews focussed on gay and bisexual men and transgender women, while none have summarised evidence in cisgender women. Methods: We conducted a systematic review to explore whether daily, oral PrEP use is associated with changes in bacterial STI occurrence (diagnoses or self-reported) and/or risk among HIV seronegative cisgender women (ciswomen). The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Results: We included 11 full text articles in a narrative synthesis, with the studies published between 2012 and 2021. The studies were mostly based in Africa (n=7, 63.6%) and reported on 3168 ciswomen using PrEP aged 16-56 years. Studies had marked differences in variables, including measurements and definitions (e.g., STI type) and limited data available looking specifically at ciswomen, principally in studies with both male and female participants. The limited evidence suggests that PrEP use is not associated with increased STI rates in ciswomen generally; however, adolescent girls and young women in Sub Saharan Africa have a higher prevalence of bacterial STIs prior to PrEP initiation, compared to adult ciswomen and female sex workers. Conclusions: We suggest future PrEP research make efforts to include ciswomen as study participants and report stratified results by gender identity to provide adequate data to inform guidelines for PrEP implementation. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019130438.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Papageorgiou
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Erica Crittendon
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Flavien Coukan
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration Northwest London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Bethan Davies
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Helen Ward
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Applied Research Collaboration Northwest London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, SW10 9NH, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, London, W2 1NY, UK
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, Imperial College London, London, W2 1PG, UK
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35
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Moore JR, Castro Y, Cubbin C, von Sternberg K. Associations of At-Risk Drinking, Current Smoking, and Their Co-Occurrence With Primary Care Service Utilization. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:429-439. [PMID: 34865517 PMCID: PMC10409595 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211056130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Smoking and at-risk drinking are each associated with lower primary care utilization, but the influence of their co-occurrence is not known. The current study compared associations of endorsement of one behavior vs endorsement of both with primary care utilization. DESIGN Cross-sectional telephone survey. SETTING All United States and Territories. SUBJECTS 246 801 adults aged 18-64. MEASURES The outcome was endorsement of attending a past-year primary care visit. Predictor variables included drinking and smoking status examined individually and combined. ANALYSIS Multivariable logistic regressions, adjusted for socio-demographics and number of chronic health conditions. RESULTS The odds of attending a past-year primary care visit were 24% lower for persons who drank at risk levels compared to the odds of persons who did not drink and 36% lower for persons who smoked vs those who did not smoke. Among persons who endorsed at least one risk behavior, the odds of attending a past-year primary care visit were 25-35% lower for those who engaged in multiple behaviors compared to the odds of persons who engaged in one behavior. CONCLUSION Substance use screening and intervention services in primary care may not be reaching individuals with the greatest need for services. Proactive outreach and identification of primary care utilization barriers are needed, with special consideration of those with co-occurring substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Moore
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yessenia Castro
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Catherine Cubbin
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Kirk von Sternberg
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Echeverria MS, Schuch HS, Cenci MS, Motta JVS, Bertoldi AD, Hallal PC, Demarco FF. Trajectories of Sugar Consumption and Dental Caries in Early Childhood. J Dent Res 2022; 101:724-730. [PMID: 35114848 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211068743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study verifies the association between the trajectory of sugar consumption and dental caries in the 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort in Pelotas, Brazil. It was conducted with data from the follow-ups at 3, 12, 24, and 48 mo from the 2015 Birth Cohort, which included 4,275 children born alive in hospitals in Pelotas. Data collection included standardized questionnaires for first caregivers applied by trained interviewers at all follow-ups. Exposure was the trajectory of sugar consumption from 3 to 48 mo (always low, always intermediate, increasing, and always high), obtained by group-based trajectory modeling. The outcome of this study was dental caries, obtained through clinical examination performed by calibrated dentists at 48 mo of age. Socioeconomic conditions and oral health instruction from a health professional during the first 4 y of life were included in the analysis as potential confounders. Prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were provided from generalized estimating equations with a log-Poisson with robust variance specification. In total, 3,654 (91.1%) children participated in the survey at 48 mo, and 2,806 children had complete data for the analyzes performed. Of these, 1,012 (36.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 34.3-37.8) experienced caries, and 723 (25.8%; 95% CI, 24.2-27.4) had cavitated caries. Regarding cavitated caries, the prevalence was 1.48 times higher in the group with increasing sugar consumption than children with always low consumption. There is an association between the trajectory of sugar consumption and dental caries at 48 mo. Children with increasing and always high sugar consumption have the highest prevalence of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Echeverria
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - H S Schuch
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - M S Cenci
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - J V S Motta
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - A D Bertoldi
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - P C Hallal
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - F F Demarco
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Moore JR, Guerra ZC, Heydarian NM, Londoño T, Castro Y. Associations of positive and negative affect on health risk behaviors among Latinos. Health Psychol 2022; 41:145-154. [PMID: 35157479 PMCID: PMC10868635 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Negative affect is widely emphasized in behavior modification interventions. However, positive affect is associated with smoking cessation, physical activity, and healthy dietary habits and may be an important treatment target. Few studies have examined the relationship between positive affect and health behaviors among Latinos, who disproportionately experience modifiable health risk behaviors. This study examined the independent associations of positive affect and negative affect on modifiable health risk behaviors among Latino adults. METHOD Data came from 432 persons who participated in one of two studies examining determinants of modifiable health risk behaviors among Latino adults. Primary outcomes were current smoking, at-risk drinking, insufficient physical activity, and insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption. Predictors were positive and negative affect as measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Associations between positive and negative affect and health risk behaviors were examined using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Positive affect was associated with lower odds of insufficient physical activity and insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption and lower odds of engaging in multiple health risk behaviors. Negative affect was associated with higher odds of at-risk drinking and current smoking. CONCLUSIONS Emphasis on increasing positive affect may be warranted for multiple health risk behavior interventions targeting Latinos. Intervention development efforts may also consider prioritizing positive affect for physical activity and dietary interventions, and negative affect for at-drinking and smoking cessation interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Moore
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Zully C. Guerra
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Nazanin M. Heydarian
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Tatiana Londoño
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
| | - Yessenia Castro
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
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Singh P. Emotion Regulation Difficulties Mediate the Relationship between Neuroticism and Health-Risk Behaviours in Adolescents. J Psychol 2022; 156:48-67. [PMID: 35015628 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2021.2006124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Health-Risk-Behaviors (HRBs) are significant antecedent conditions of adolescents' poor health and mortality. Prevention of avoidable adverse health outcomes requires an in-depth understanding of the factors associated with such outcomes. Among other possible pathways, the 'Neuroticism- HRBs-adverse health' link has been supported in previous studies. However, more extensive exploration of this link is required to identify the underlying modifiable risk factors. In the present study, one such factor, namely, emotion regulation difficulties, was explored to see its mediating effect in the relationship between neuroticism and HRBs-the first two constructs of the mentioned link. In this quantitative study, a total of 759 adolescents belonging to the Indian state of Punjab (Males= 402; M(age)=16.08) provided relevant information on a set of standardized questionnaires. Mediation analysis supported the major hypothesis of the present study. The results suggest that emotion regulation difficulty may be a significant mediator in the neuroticism-HRBs link. One's difficulty in regulating emotions might be an underlying mechanism through which high neuroticism increases the probability of indulging in HRBs, resulting in adverse health outcomes. The study implies that the assessment of emotion regulation difficulties should be included in interventional programs aimed at achieving adolescents' wellbeing, and early intervention may avoid progression toward adverse health outcomes in adulthood.
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Barbosa BCR, Parajára MDC, de Paula W, Machado EL, Meireles AL. Age, skin color, self-rated health, and depression associated with co-occurrence of obesogenic behaviors in university students: a cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2022; 141:e2022301. [PMID: 36541955 PMCID: PMC10065088 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0301.r1.10102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The university context plays an important role in the health-disease process since students are potentially vulnerable to obesogenic behaviors that can influence long-term health. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of and factors associated with the co-occurrence of obesogenic behaviors among university students. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a cross-sectional study at a Brazilian public university. METHODS This study was conducted with all university students in the first and second semesters of 2019 at Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected between April and September 2019, using a self-administered questionnaire. The outcome was the co-occurrence of obesogenic behaviors, measured as the sum of three risk behaviors: inadequate eating practices, leisure-time physical inactivity, and sedentary behavior. A Venn diagram was used to evaluate the simultaneous occurrence of risk behaviors. Pearson's chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS A total of 351 students participated in the study. Inadequate eating practices constituted the most prevalent isolated risk behavior (80.6%), which was also the most prevalent when combined with sedentary behavior (23.6%). University students aged 20 years or younger, with non-white skin color, poor self-rated health, and symptoms of depression had increased chances of simultaneous occurrence of obesogenic behaviors. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the importance of developing and implementing actions to reduce combined obesogenic behaviors in the university environment. Institutions should focus on creating an environment that promotes health-protective behaviors such as physical activity and healthy eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Carolina Rafael Barbosa
- MSc. Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program in Health and
Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro
Preto (MG), Brazil
| | - Magda do Carmo Parajára
- MSc. Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program in Health and
Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro
Preto (MG), Brazil
| | - Waléria de Paula
- MSc. Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program on Pharmaceutical
Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro
Preto (MG), Brazil
| | - Elaine Leandro Machado
- PhD. Professor, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte
(MG), Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- PhD. Professor, Department of Clinical and Social Nutrition,
School of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto (MG),
Brazil
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Serkut Bulut N, Yorguner N, Akvardar Y. Impact of COVID-19 on the Life of Higher-Education Students in İstanbul: Relationship Between Social Support, Health-Risk Behaviors, and Mental/Academic Well-Being. Alpha Psychiatry 2021; 22:291-300. [PMID: 36448009 PMCID: PMC9685650 DOI: 10.1530/alphapsychiatry.2021.21319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to draw a general picture of the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) -pandemic on the life of higher-education students in İstanbul, with specific emphasis on the relationship between students' social support systems, health-risk behaviors, and mental/academic well-being. METHODS A total of 2583 higher-education students from different fields of study participated in an online survey gathering information from several domains, including available social networks, support-seeking attitudes, substance use patterns, physical activity levels, academic stress, academic satisfaction, and psychological well-being during the pandemic. RESULTS Our findings pointed to major changes in students' life circumstances and daily routines during COVID-19, including a significant decrease in contact with friends, overall substance use, and physical activity as well as high levels of depression, academic stress, and academic dissatisfaction. Depressive symptoms were significantly predicted by the loneliness score (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.88-2.29), female gender (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.21-2.24), frequency of binge drinking (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.06-1.86), and level of academic stress (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.1-1.19), whereas the number of people to easily borrow money from was found to be a protective factor against depression (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92-0.99). CONCLUSION Our results highlight the need for higher-education institutions to take the appropriate social and mental health interventions, tailored to fit the specific requirements of the COVID-19-related measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necati Serkut Bulut
- Department of Psychiatry, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Neşe Yorguner
- Department of Psychiatry, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yıldız Akvardar
- Department of Psychiatry, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Serkut Bulut N, Yorguner N, Akvardar Y. Impact of COVID-19 on the Life of Higher-Education Students in İstanbul: Relationship Between Social Support, Health-Risk Behaviors, and Mental/Academic Well-Being. Alpha Psychiatry 2021; 22:291-300. [PMID: 36448009 PMCID: PMC9685650 DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2021.21319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to draw a general picture of the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) -pandemic on the life of higher-education students in İstanbul, with specific emphasis on the relationship between students' social support systems, health-risk behaviors, and mental/academic well-being. METHODS A total of 2583 higher-education students from different fields of study participated in an online survey gathering information from several domains, including available social networks, support-seeking attitudes, substance use patterns, physical activity levels, academic stress, academic satisfaction, and psychological well-being during the pandemic. RESULTS Our findings pointed to major changes in students' life circumstances and daily routines during COVID-19, including a significant decrease in contact with friends, overall substance use, and physical activity as well as high levels of depression, academic stress, and academic dissatisfaction. Depressive symptoms were significantly predicted by the loneliness score (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.88-2.29), female gender (OR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.21-2.24), frequency of binge drinking (OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.06-1.86), and level of academic stress (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.1-1.19), whereas the number of people to easily borrow money from was found to be a protective factor against depression (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92-0.99). CONCLUSION Our results highlight the need for higher-education institutions to take the appropriate social and mental health interventions, tailored to fit the specific requirements of the COVID-19-related measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necati Serkut Bulut
- Department of Psychiatry, Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Neşe Yorguner
- Department of Psychiatry, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yıldız Akvardar
- Department of Psychiatry, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Brandão MP, Romani AQ, Sudzina F, Bo IG, Mikkelsen BE. Is health behavior among university students determined by actual body shape or by body image? A European study. Work 2021; 70:937-944. [PMID: 34744040 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate body image self-perceptions provide a good help to increase the feeling of personal well-being, thus having an important impact on health. Universities, having an important role in shaping of the future workers, represent an important setting to approach health issues. OBJECTIVE This study determined to what extent different types of students in higher education (four categories of students were created: "self-secure", "perfect", "destructive" and "apologetic") are likely to adopt different health risk behaviors. METHODS A cross-sectional study in a sample of students from five European Universities in the 2016/2017 academic year was conducted. Based on the combination of body image perception and body mass index, four types of students were identified: "self-secure" (overweight students with a good self-esteem); "perfect" (underweight students with a good self-esteem); "destructive" (overweight students with a poor self-esteem); "apologetic" (underweight students with a poor self-esteem). RESULTS The study reveals that the defined types of students differed in terms of risk behavior. When the control was included, the "self-secure" student type had a reduced likelihood of being on a diet (22.3%) and physically active (17.8%) than other students (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results of this paper raise concerns about the future because the body dissatisfaction of the college student could be a big impact in long term whether at collective, personally or even professionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Piedade Brandão
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Portugal.,Centre for Health Technology andServices Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Frantitsek Sudzina
- Department ofBusiness and Management, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Inger Glavind Bo
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, AalborgUniversity, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bent Egberg Mikkelsen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Yu Y, Mo PKH, Zhang J, Li J, Lau JTF. Impulsivity, Self-control, Interpersonal Influences, and Maladaptive Cognitions as Factors of Internet Gaming Disorder Among Adolescents in China: Cross-sectional Mediation Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e26810. [PMID: 34704960 PMCID: PMC8581749 DOI: 10.2196/26810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gaming disorder, including internet gaming disorder (IGD), was recently defined by the World Health Organization as a mental disease in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Thus, reducing IGD is warranted. Maladaptive cognitions related to internet gaming (MCIG) have been associated with IGD, while impulsivity, self-control, parental influences, and peer influences are key risk factors of IGD. Previous literature suggests that MCIG is associated with the aforementioned 4 risk factors and IGD, and may thus mediate between these risk factors and IGD. These potential mediations, if significant, imply that modification of MCIG may possibly alleviate these risk factors’ harmful impacts on increasing IGD. These mediation hypotheses were tested in this study for the first time. Objective This study tested the mediation effects of MCIG between intrapersonal factors (impulsivity and self-control) and IGD, and between interpersonal factors (parental influences and peer influences) and IGD among adolescents in China. Methods An anonymous, cross-sectional, and self-administered survey was conducted among secondary school students in classroom settings in Guangzhou and Chengdu, China. All grade 7 to 9 students (7 to 9 years of formal education) of 7 secondary schools were invited to join the study, and 3087 completed the survey. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) checklist was used to assess IGD. MCIG was assessed by using the Chinese version of the Revised Internet Gaming Cognition Scale. Impulsivity, self-control, and parental or peer influences were measured by using the motor subscale of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, the Brief Self-Control Scale, and the modified interpersonal influence scale, respectively. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the mediation effects of MCIG between these risk factors and IGD. Results The prevalence of IGD was 13.57% (418/3081) and 17.67% (366/2071) among all participants and adolescent internet gamers, respectively. The 3 types of MCIG (perceived rewards of internet gaming, perceived urges for playing internet games, and perceived unwillingness to stop playing without completion of gaming tasks) were positively associated with IGD. Impulsivity, self-control, parental influences, and peer influences were all significantly associated with the 3 types of MCIG and IGD. The 3 types of MCIG partially mediated the associations between the studied factors and IGD (effect size of 30.0% to 37.8%). Conclusions Impulsivity, self-control, and interpersonal influences had both direct and indirect effects via MCIG on IGD. Modifications of the 3 types of MCIG can potentially reduce the harmful impacts of impulsivity and interpersonal influences on IGD and enhance the protective effect of self-control against IGD. Future longitudinal studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Phoenix Kit-Han Mo
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jibin Li
- Department of Clinical Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joseph Tak-Fai Lau
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Deputy NP, Bryan L, Lowry R, Brener N, Underwood JM. Health Risk Behaviors, Experiences, and Conditions Among Students Attending Private and Public High Schools. J Sch Health 2021; 91:683-696. [PMID: 34278580 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 8.8% of US high school students attended private schools in 2015. Few studies have characterized health risk behaviors among these students or compared prevalence of behaviors between students in private and public schools using a contemporary, nationally representative sample. METHODS Pooled 2007-2017 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey data were used to estimate the prevalence of 35 health risk behaviors for 89,848 public and private high school students. Unadjusted prevalence ratios were used to compare prevalence by school type. Differences in behaviors by school type were explored by sex and grade. RESULTS Among private school students, the prevalence ranged from 5.0% to 31.9% for sexual risk behaviors; from 0.8% to 30.1% for substance use behaviors; from 0.7% to 21.8% for behaviors related mental health and suicide; from 3.2% to 6.8% for violence victimization experiences; and from 3.1% to 52.9% for behaviors related to unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. Private school students were less likely than public school students to report most behaviors; differences by school type were generally consistent across sex and grade. CONCLUSIONS Students in both public and private schools reported health risk behaviors. Findings might inform prevention activities by identifying behaviors to prioritize in each school setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Deputy
- Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer, , Division of Adolescent and School Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE MS US8-1, Atlanta, GA, 30329., USA
| | - Leah Bryan
- Statistician, , Division of Adolescent and School Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE MS US8-1, Atlanta, GA, 30329., USA
| | - Richard Lowry
- Medical Officer, , Division of Adolescent and School Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE MS US8-1, Atlanta, GA, 30329., USA
| | - Nancy Brener
- Health Scientist, , Division of Adolescent and School Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE MS US8-1, Atlanta, GA, 30329., USA
| | - J Michael Underwood
- Branch Chief, , Division of Adolescent and School Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE MS US8-1, Atlanta, GA, 30329., USA
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Guerra SIS, Vale JM, Nunes RD. Smoking cessation program in hospitalized patients due to acute respiratory disease. Intern Med J 2021; 52:2130-2135. [PMID: 34448335 DOI: 10.1111/imj.15498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospital environment is generally propitious to smoking cessation for several reasons such as a legal ban on smoking in hospital facilities, greater vulnerability facing acute illness and the continuous contact with healthcare professionals. AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness of intensive smoking cessation intervention during hospital admission due to acute respiratory disease and 6-month follow-up after hospital discharge. METHODS Prospective study that included patients admitted at our Pulmonology Department, due to acute respiratory disease, active smokers who consented to participate in smoking cessation counseling program, between January and December 2019. After hospital discharge, the patient completed 6-month follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS system version 24.0, using univariate analysis chi-square and t-test. RESULTS We included 30 patients, 86.7% male, with a mean age of 58.6 ±13.6 years. The mean length of stay was 10 ±11 days. The mean smoking time was 40.3 ±14.4 years and mean smoking load 40 ±26 pack-year units. The mean level of nicotine dependence by the Fagerström test was 4.3 ±2.8. None of the patients accepted smoking cessation pharmacological therapy. After hospital discharge, 19 patients were seen in consultation, 11 of whom maintained smoking cessation at 6 months, determining an overall smoking cessation rate of 36.7%. There was a statistically significant difference in the smoking cessation successful group regarding the motivation to quit smoking and the Richmond test, comparatively to unsuccessful group. CONCLUSIONS Smoking cessation counseling behavior programs during hospitalization, with regular follow-up after hospital discharge, contribute to an increase in smoking cessation rate. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorge Marques Vale
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Centre of Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Rui Dias Nunes
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Centre of Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
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46
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Vogel EA, Ramo DE. Smoking cessation, metabolic risk behaviors, and stress management over time in a sample of young adult smokers. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:189-197. [PMID: 31595303 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking cessation may support changes in metabolic risk behaviors (e.g., high-fat diet, physical inactivity, poor sleep, low fruit and vegetable consumption [FVC]). We examined the association between smoking cessation and metabolic risk behavior profiles, mediated by readiness to change risk behaviors and moderated by stress management. Participants were young adult smokers in a randomized controlled trial of a Facebook smoking cessation intervention. Measures included stage of change for five metabolic risk behaviors: FVC, diet, physical activity, sleep hygiene, and stress management. Moderated mediation was used to examine relationships between smoking cessation at T1 (predictor), readiness to change metabolic risk behaviors at T2 (mediators), stress management at T3 (moderator), and metabolic risk behavior profile at T3 (outcome) over 9 months. T1 smoking abstinence was associated with greater readiness to increase FVC at T2, which predicted lower likelihood of T3 metabolic risk (β = -0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.53, -0.03]). This indirect effect was moderated by stress management such that greater readiness to increase FVC at T2 was associated with lower T3 metabolic risk for participants with unmanaged stress (β = -0.90, 95% CI [-1.32, -0.49], p < .001), but not for participants with well-managed stress (β = -.22, 95% CI [-0.48, 0.04], p = .096). Young adults who quit smoking subsequently had lower metabolic risk behaviors. Among participants with unmanaged stress, those who quit smoking had greater readiness to increase FVC and lower likelihood of subsequent metabolic risk. Smoking cessation interventions could aim to teach broadly applicable behavior change skills and build confidence for decreasing metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A Vogel
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Danielle E Ramo
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Hopelab, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Reid AL, Porter KJ, You W, Kirkpatrick BM, Yuhas M, Vaught SS, Zoellner JM. Low Health Literacy Is Associated With Energy-Balance-Related Behaviors, Quality of Life, and BMI Among Rural Appalachian Middle School Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Sch Health 2021; 91:608-616. [PMID: 34096052 PMCID: PMC9660538 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies document associations between low health literacy (HL) and poor health behaviors and outcomes. Yet, HL is understudied among adolescents, particularly from underserved, rural communities. We targeted rural adolescents in this cross-sectional study and explored relationships between HL and (1) energy-balance-related health behaviors and (2) body mass index (BMI) and quality of life (QOL). METHODS Surveys were administered to 7th graders across 8 middle schools in rural Appalachia. HL was assessed using the Newest Vital Sign. Energy-balance-related behaviors and QOL were assessed using validated instruments. Height and weight were objectively measured. Analyses were conducted using the Hodges-Lehmann nonparametric median difference test. RESULTS Of the 854 adolescent students (mean age = 12; 55% female), 47% had limited HL. Relative to students with higher HL, students with lower HL reported significantly lower frequency of health-promoting behaviors (water, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity, sleep), higher frequency of risky health behaviors (sugar-sweetened beverages, junk food, screen time), and had higher BMI percentiles and lower QOL (all p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Low HL is associated with energy-balance-related behaviors, BMI, and QOL among rural, Appalachian adolescents. Findings underscore the relevance of HL among rural middle school students and highlight implications for school health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie L Reid
- Researcher, , School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, 16 E. Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073., USA
| | - Kathleen J Porter
- Assistant Professor, , School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, 16 E. Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073., USA
| | - Wen You
- Associate Professor, , School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 800717, Charlottesville, VA, 22908., USA
| | - Brittany M Kirkpatrick
- Postdoctoral Research Associate, , School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, 16 E. Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073., USA
| | - Maryam Yuhas
- Assistant Professor, , Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Syracuse University, 558 White Hall, Syracuse, NY, 13244., USA
| | - Shannon S Vaught
- Director of Middle Schools and Division Director of Testing, , Wythe County Public Schools, 1570 West Reservoir Street, Wytheville, VA, 24382., USA
| | - Jamie M Zoellner
- Professor, , School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, 16 E. Main Street, Christiansburg, VA, 24073., USA
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Chauhan PA, Rupani MP. High-risk health behaviors predict depression among school-going adolescents: the need for integration of mental health with school health program in India. J Community Psychol 2021; 49:1891-1903. [PMID: 34061997 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of depression and to determine whether high-risk health behaviors were associated with it among school-going adolescents, thereby assessing the need to integrate mental health services with the school health program. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 260 adolescents in schools of Bhavnagar city (western India) during January-October 2017. To assess depression, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was used and high-risk health behaviors were assessed by the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) tool. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess whether high-risk health behaviors were independent predictors of depression. The prevalence of depression was found to be 43%. Among high-risk health behaviors, adolescents carrying a sharp weapon to the school was the lowest (4%) and not eating breakfast was the highest (88%). On multiple logistic regression, feeling unsafe at school, self-perception regarding overweight, being a female, not living with both parents in the same house, being unhappy with school performance, having illness/seriously injured, and immediate family member being seriously ill/injured were found to be the significant predictors of depression among the adolescents. There is a need to address mental health issues like depression and high-risk health behaviors under the school health program through screening interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja A Chauhan
- Department of Community Medicine, NAMO Medical Education & Research Institute, Sayali Road, Silvassa, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, India
| | - Mihir Prafulbhai Rupani
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College Bhavnagar (Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University), Near ST Bus Stand, Jail Road, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
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Flynn TP, Parnes JE, Conner BT. Personality Disorders, Risky Behaviors, and Adversity: The Moderating Role of Resilience. Psychol Rep 2021; 125:2936-2955. [PMID: 34292099 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211028998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with personality disorders (PDs) comprise 30% to 40% of individuals receiving mental health treatment. Treatment of PDs is exceedingly difficult; therefore, research has focused on PD etiology and preventative factors. One known influence on PD etiology is adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). ACEs are associated with increased prevalence of several health risk behaviors (HRBs), including engagement in substance use, criminal, and risky sexual behavior. One protective factor, childhood resiliency, predicts lower prevalence of PDs and engagement in HRBs. We hypothesized that increased prevalence of ACEs would predict higher levels of PD symptoms and HRBs engagement. Furthermore, we predicted that childhood resiliency would moderate the relation between ACEs, PD symptoms, and HRBs. In the present study, students (N = 531) completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences survey, the Self-Administered - Standardized Assessment of Personality Abbreviated Scale, and the Childhood Youth and Resiliency Measure-28. They also responded to questions about substance use, criminal, and sexual behavior which were used to define a latent HRB variable. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine study hypotheses. As hypothesized, we found positive relations between ACEs, PD symptoms, and our HRB latent variable. Childhood resiliency moderated both ACE and PD symptom paths. At lower levels of reported ACEs, individuals high in childhood resiliency reported fewer PD symptoms and HRBs than individuals low in childhood resiliency. At high levels of ACEs, childhood resiliency did not serve as a protective factor. Additionally, study findings suggest that childhood resiliency factors are integral for protecting against the development of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talon P Flynn
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jamie E Parnes
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Bradley T Conner
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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50
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Constantinou H, Fairley CK, Hocking JS, Bradshaw CS, Choi EPH, Maddaford K, Phillips TR, Chow EPF. Associations Between Methods of Meeting Sexual Partners and Sexual Practices Among Heterosexuals: Cross-sectional Study in Melbourne, Australia. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e26202. [PMID: 34283024 PMCID: PMC8335617 DOI: 10.2196/26202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between meeting partners on the web and sexual practices has been understudied in heterosexuals. Objective This study aims to examine the associations between the methods of meeting partners and sexual practices and HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in heterosexuals. Methods We conducted a survey among heterosexuals attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre in 2019. This survey asked about the methods through which the participants engaged in meeting their sexual partners, sexual practices, and intravenous drug use (IVDU) over the past 3 months. The participants’ HIV and STI (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) status was obtained from clinical testing. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between each method of meeting and the participants’ sexual practices, IVDU, and STI status. Results A total of 698 participants (325 men and 373 women) were included in the study. Most of the participants reported using only one method to meet partners (222/325, 68.3% men; 245/373, 65.7% women; P=.05). The men met partners most commonly at social venues (eg, bar, pub, or party; 126/325, 38.8%), whereas the women met partners most commonly through friends or family (178/373, 47.7%). Paying for sex was associated with men meeting partners at sex venues (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 145.34, 95% CI 26.13-808.51) and on the internet (AOR 10.00, 95% CI 3.61-27.55). There was no association between IVDU and methods of meeting. Social venues were associated with condomless vaginal sex among men (AOR 3.31, 95% CI 1.94-5.71) and women (AOR 2.58, 95% CI 1.61-4.13) and testing positive for STI among men (AOR 3.04, 95% CI 1.24-7.48) and women (AOR 3.75, 95% CI 1.58-8.89). Conclusions Heterosexuals who met partners at social venues had a more than threefold risk of testing positive for STIs, indicating that heterosexuals may benefit from health promotion campaigns that are delivered through a public setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Constantinou
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Australia
| | - Christopher K Fairley
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Australia
| | - Jane S Hocking
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Catriona S Bradshaw
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Australia
| | - Edmond P H Choi
- School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kate Maddaford
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Australia
| | - Tiffany R Phillips
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Australia
| | - Eric P F Chow
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Carlton, Australia.,Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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