1
|
Li LM, Jiang BG, Sun LL. HNF1A:From Monogenic Diabetes to Type 2 Diabetes and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:829565. [PMID: 35299962 PMCID: PMC8921476 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.829565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a disease characterized by hyperglycemia, has a serious impact on the lives and families of patients as well as on society. Diabetes is a group of highly heterogeneous metabolic diseases that can be classified as type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), or other according to the etiology. The clinical manifestations are more or less similar among the different types of diabetes, and each type is highly heterogeneous due to different pathogenic factors. Therefore, distinguishing between various types of diabetes and defining their subtypes are major challenges hindering the precise treatment of the disease. T2D is the main type of diabetes in humans as well as the most heterogeneous. Fortunately, some studies have shown that variants of certain genes involved in monogenic diabetes also increase the risk of T2D. We hope this finding will enable breakthroughs regarding the pathogenesis of T2D and facilitate personalized treatment of the disease by exploring the function of the signal genes involved. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox A (HNF1α) is widely expressed in pancreatic β cells, the liver, the intestines, and other organs. HNF1α is highly polymorphic, but lacks a mutation hot spot. Mutations can be found at any site of the gene. Some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY3) while some others do not cause MODY3 but increase the susceptibility to T2D or GDM. The phenotypes of MODY3 caused by different SNPs also differ. MODY3 is among the most common types of MODY, which is a form of monogenic diabetes mellitus caused by a single gene mutation. Both T2D and GDM are multifactorial diseases caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Different types of diabetes mellitus have different clinical phenotypes and treatments. This review focuses on HNF1α gene polymorphisms, HNF1A-MODY3, HNF1A-associated T2D and GDM, and the related pathogenesis and treatment methods. We hope this review will provide a valuable reference for the precise and individualized treatment of diabetes caused by abnormal HNF1α by summarizing the clinical heterogeneity of blood glucose abnormalities caused by HNF1α mutation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias of the Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Ge Jiang
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bei-Ge Jiang, ; Liang-Liang Sun,
| | - Liang-Liang Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bei-Ge Jiang, ; Liang-Liang Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu F, Zhu X, Jiang X, Li S, Lv Y. Transcriptional control by HNF-1: Emerging evidence showing its role in lipid metabolism and lipid metabolism disorders. Genes Dis 2021; 9:1248-1257. [PMID: 35873023 PMCID: PMC9293700 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review focuses on the roles and underlying mechanisms of action of hepatic nuclear factor-1 (HNF-1) in lipid metabolism and the development of lipid metabolism disorders. HNF-1 is a transcriptional regulator that can form homodimers, and the HNF-1α and HNF-1β isomers can form heterodimers. Both homo- and heterodimers recognize and bind to specific cis-acting elements in gene promoters to transactivate transcription and to coordinate the expression of target lipid-related genes, thereby influencing the homeostasis of lipid metabolism. HNF-1 was shown to restrain lipid anabolism, including synthesis, absorption, and storage, by inhibiting the expression of lipogenesis-related genes, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1/2 (SREBP-1/2). Moreover, HNF-1 enhances the expression of various genes, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), and suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS-3) and negatively regulates signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) to facilitate lipid catabolism in hepatocytes. HNF-1 reduces hepatocellular lipid decomposition, which alleviates the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). HNF-1 impairs preadipocyte differentiation to reduce the number of adipocytes, stunting the development of obesity. Furthermore, HNF-1 reduces free cholesterol levels in the plasma to inhibit aortic lipid deposition and lipid plaque formation, relieving dyslipidemia and preventing the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In summary, HNF-1 transcriptionally regulates lipid-related genes to manipulate intracorporeal balance of lipid metabolism and to suppress the development of lipid metabolism disorders.
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Dyslipidemias include both rare single gene disorders and common conditions that have a complex underlying basis. In London, ON, there is fortuitous close physical proximity between the Lipid Genetics Clinic and the London Regional Genomics Centre. For >30 years, we have applied DNA sequencing of clinical samples to help answer scientific questions. More than 2000 patients referred with dyslipidemias have participated in an ongoing translational research program. In 2013, we transitioned to next-generation sequencing; our targeted panel is designed to concurrently assess both monogenic and polygenic contributions to dyslipidemias. Patient DNA is screened for rare variants underlying 25 mendelian dyslipidemias, including familial hypercholesterolemia, hepatic lipase deficiency, abetalipoproteinemia, and familial chylomicronemia syndrome. Furthermore, polygenic scores for LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, and triglycerides are calculated for each patient. We thus simultaneously document both rare and common genetic variants, allowing for a broad view of genetic predisposition for both individual patients and cohorts. For instance, among patients referred with severe hypertriglyceridemia, defined as ≥10 mmol/L (≥885 mg/dL), <1% have a mendelian disorder (ie, autosomal recessive familial chylomicronemia syndrome), ≈15% have heterozygous rare variants (a >3-fold increase over normolipidemic individuals), and ≈35% have an extreme polygenic score (a >3-fold increase over normolipidemic individuals). Other dyslipidemias show a different mix of genetic determinants. Genetic results are discussed with patients and can support clinical decision-making. Integrating DNA testing into clinical care allows for a bidirectional flow of information, which facilitates scientific discoveries and clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Hegele
- From the Department of Medicine (R.A.H.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry (R.A.H., J.S.D.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute (R.A.H., J.S.D.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jacqueline S. Dron
- Department of Biochemistry (R.A.H., J.S.D.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute (R.A.H., J.S.D.), Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mandaviya PR, Joehanes R, Aïssi D, Kühnel B, Marioni RE, Truong V, Stolk L, Beekman M, Bonder MJ, Franke L, Gieger C, Huan T, Ikram MA, Kunze S, Liang L, Lindemans J, Liu C, McRae AF, Mendelson MM, Müller-Nurasyid M, Peters A, Slagboom PE, Starr JM, Trégouët DA, Uitterlinden AG, van Greevenbroek MMJ, van Heemst D, van Iterson M, Wells PS, Yao C, Deary IJ, Gagnon F, Heijmans BT, Levy D, Morange PE, Waldenberger M, Heil SG, van Meurs JBJ. Genetically defined elevated homocysteine levels do not result in widespread changes of DNA methylation in leukocytes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182472. [PMID: 29084233 PMCID: PMC5662081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation is affected by the activities of the key enzymes and intermediate metabolites of the one-carbon pathway, one of which involves homocysteine. We investigated the effect of the well-known genetic variant associated with mildly elevated homocysteine: MTHFR 677C>T independently and in combination with other homocysteine-associated variants, on genome-wide leukocyte DNA-methylation. METHODS Methylation levels were assessed using Illumina 450k arrays on 9,894 individuals of European ancestry from 12 cohort studies. Linear-mixed-models were used to study the association of additive MTHFR 677C>T and genetic-risk score (GRS) based on 18 homocysteine-associated SNPs, with genome-wide methylation. RESULTS Meta-analysis revealed that the MTHFR 677C>T variant was associated with 35 CpG sites in cis, and the GRS showed association with 113 CpG sites near the homocysteine-associated variants. Genome-wide analysis revealed that the MTHFR 677C>T variant was associated with 1 trans-CpG (nearest gene ZNF184), while the GRS model showed association with 5 significant trans-CpGs annotated to nearest genes PTF1A, MRPL55, CTDSP2, CRYM and FKBP5. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not show widespread changes in DNA-methylation across the genome, and therefore do not support the hypothesis that mildly elevated homocysteine is associated with widespread methylation changes in leukocytes.
Collapse
Grants
- G0700704 Medical Research Council
- N01HC25195 NHLBI NIH HHS
- Wellcome Trust
- MR/K026992/1 Medical Research Council
- K99 HL136875 NHLBI NIH HHS
- BB/F019394/1 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- National Institutes of Health
- Erasmus Medical Center and Erasmus University, Rotterdam
- Netherlands Organization for the Health Research and Development (ZonMw)
- Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE)
- Ministry of Education, Culture and Science
- Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sports, the European Commission (DG XII)
- Municipality of Rotterdam
- Netherlands CardioVascular Research Initiative (the Dutch Heart Foundation, Dutch Federation of University Medical Centres, the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences) for the GENIUS project “Generating the best evidence-based pharmaceutical targets for atherosclerosis”
- BBMRI-NL, a research infrastructure financed by the Dutch government
- Région Ile de France (CORDDIM)
- Région Ile de France, Pierre and Marie Curie University
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition
- Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja R. Mandaviya
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Dylan Aïssi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Kühnel
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Riccardo E. Marioni
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Vinh Truong
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lisette Stolk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Beekman
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Jan Bonder
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Kunze
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Liming Liang
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Jan Lindemans
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Allan F. McRae
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Michael M. Mendelson
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - P. Eline Slagboom
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - John M. Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris, France
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen M. J. van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine and School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics Section, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van Iterson
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Philip S. Wells
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Chen Yao
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - France Gagnon
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bastiaan T. Heijmans
- Molecular Epidemiology Section, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America
- The Population Studies Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMR_S 1062, Inra UMR_1260, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra G. Heil
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce B. J. van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang X, Li W, Ma L, Ping F, Liu J, Wu X, Mao J, Wang X, Nie M. Variants in MODY genes associated with maternal lipids profiles in second trimester of pregnancy. J Gene Med 2017; 19. [PMID: 28591938 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health; Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health; Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Liangkun Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Fan Ping
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health; Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health; Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Jiangfeng Mao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health; Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health; Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Min Nie
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health; Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF1α) defects cause Mature Onset Diabetes of the Young type 3 (MODY3), characterized by defects in beta-cell insulin secretion. However, HNF1α is involved in many other metabolic pathways with relevance for monogenic or polygenic type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate gut hormones, lipids, and insulin regulation in response to a meal test in HNF1α defect carriers (MODY3) compared to non-diabetic subjects (controls) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods We administered a standardized liquid meal to each participant. Over 6 hours, we measured post-meal responses of insulin regulation (blood glucose, c-peptide, insulin), gut hormones (ghrelin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon-like peptide-1) and lipids (non-esterified fatty acids [NEFA] and triglycerides). Results We found that MODY3 participants had lower insulin secretion indices than controls and T2D participants, showing the expected β-cell defect. MODY3 had similar glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c median [IQR]: 6.5 [5.6–7.6]%) compared to T2D (median: 6.6 [6.2–6.9]%; P<0.05). MODY3 had greater insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index: 71.9 [29.6; 125.5]) than T2D (3.2 [4.0; 6.0]; P<0.05). MODY3 experienced a larger decrease in the ratio of NEFA to insulin (NEFA 30–0 / insulin 30–0: -39 [-78; -30] x104) in the early post-prandial period (0–30 minutes) compared to controls and to T2D (-2.0 [-0.6; -6.4] x104; P<0.05). MODY3 had lower fasting (0.66 [0.46; 1.2] mM) and post-meal triglycerides levels compared to T2D (fasting: 2.3 [1.7; 2.7] mM; P<0.05). We did not detect significant post-meal differences in ghrelin and incretins between MODY3 and other groups. Conclusion In response to a standard meal test, MODY3 showed greater early post-prandial NEFA diminution in response to relatively low early insulin secretion, and they maintained very low post-prandial triglycerides levels.
Collapse
|
7
|
Arbour L, Asuri S, Whittome B, Polanco F, Hegele RA. The Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease in Canadian and International Aboriginal Populations. Can J Cardiol 2015; 31:1094-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
8
|
A new susceptibility locus for myocardial infarction, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia on chromosome 12q24. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:291419. [PMID: 25057215 PMCID: PMC4098619 DOI: 10.1155/2014/291419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We examined the role of hepatic nuclear factor-1 alpha (HNF1a) gene polymorphism on coronary artery disease (CAD) traits in 4631 Saudi angiographed individuals (2419 CAD versus 2212 controls) using TaqMan assay on ABI Prism 7900HT sequence detection system. Following adjustment for confounders, the rs2259820_CC (1.19 (1.01–1.42); P = 0.041), rs2464196_TT (1.19 (1.00–1.40); P = 0.045), and rs2259816_T (1.13 (1.01–1.26); P = 0.031) were associated with MI. The rs2259820_T (1.14 (1.03–1.26); P = 0.011) and rs2464196_C (1.12 (1.02–1.24); P = 0.024) were associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while the rs2393791_T (1.14 (1.01–1.28); P = 0.032), rs7310409_G (1.16 (1.03–1.30); P = 0.013), and rs2464196_AG+GG (1.25 (1.05–1.49); P = 0.012) were implicated in hypertension. Hypertriglyceridemia was linked to the rs2393791_T (1.14 (1.02–1.27); P = 0.018), rs7310409_G (1.12 (1.01–1.25); P = 0.031), rs1169310_G (1.15 (1.04–1.28); P = 0.010), and rs1169313_CT+TT (1.24 (1.06–1.45); P = 0.008) and high low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were associated with rs2259820_T (1.23 (1.07–1.41); P = 0.004), rs2464196_T (1.22 (1.06–1.39); P = 0.004), and rs2259816_T (1.18 (1.02–1.36); P = 0.023). A 7-mer haplotype CATATAC (χ2 = 7.50; P = 0.0062), constructed from the studied SNPs, was associated with MI, and CATATA implicated in T2DM (χ2 = 3.94; P = 0.047). Hypertriglyceridemia was linked to TGCGGG (χ2 = 4.26; P = 0.039), and obesity to ACGGGT (χ2 = 5.04; P = 0.025). Our results suggest that the HNF1a is a common susceptibility gene for MI, T2DM, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
Collapse
|
9
|
Rempel JD, Packiasamy J, Dean HJ, McGavock J, Janke A, Collister M, Wicklow B, Sellers EAC. Preliminary analysis of immune activation in early onset type 2 diabetes. Int J Circumpolar Health 2013; 72:21190. [PMID: 23984304 PMCID: PMC3753163 DOI: 10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION First Nations and other Aboriginal children are disproportionately affected by cardiometabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). In T2D, the disruption of insulin signalling can be driven by pro-inflammatory immunity. Pro-inflammatory responses can be fueled by toll-like receptors (TLR) on immune cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC, a white blood cell population). TLR4 can bind to lipids from bacteria and food sources activating PBMC to produce cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β. These cytokines can interfere with insulin signalling. Here, we seek to understand how TLR4 activation may be involved in early onset T2D. We hypothesized that immune cells from youth with T2D (n = 8) would be more reactive upon TLR4 stimulation relative to cells from age and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls without T2D (n = 8). METHODS Serum samples were assayed for adipokines (adiponectin and leptin), as well as cytokines. Freshly isolated PBMC were examined for immune reactivity upon culture with TLR4 ligands bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 and 0.2 ng/ml) and the fatty acid palmitate (200 µM). Culture supernatants were evaluated for the amount of TNF-α and IL-1β produced by PBMC. RESULTS Youth with T2D displayed lower median serum adiponectin levels compared to controls (395 vs. 904 ng/ml, p < 0.05). PBMC isolated from youth with and without T2D produced similar levels of TNF-α and IL-1β after exposure to the higher LPS concentration. However, at the low LPS dose the T2D cohort exhibited enhanced IL-1β synthesis relative to the control cohort. Additionally, exposure to palmitate resulted in greater IL-1β synthesis in PBMCs isolated from youth with T2D versus controls (p < 0.05). These differences in cytokine production corresponded to greater monocyte activation in the T2D cohort. CONCLUSION These preliminary results suggest that cellular immune responses are exaggerated in T2D, particularly with respect to IL-1β activity. These studies aim to improve the understanding of the biology behind early onset T2D and its vascular complications that burden First Nations people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia D Rempel
- OOH-QUIN Immunology Laboratory, Section of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, Winnipeg, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Harries LW. Messenger RNA processing and its role in diabetes. Diabet Med 2011; 28:1010-7. [PMID: 21699562 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03373.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The past few years have seen huge advances in our understanding of the genetics of diabetes. However, definition of the mechanisms that underpin these observations is less clear. It is now becoming apparent that the processes that mediate these effects are complex and interlinked, and will require consideration of other factors in addition to the DNA sequence. The information in our genes is conveyed to the cellular machinery via an intermediate molecule, RNA. However, we now understand that RNA is not merely a messenger, as RNA-based mechanisms are responsible for a large proportion of the fine-tuning of gene expression and gene regulation. The initial RNA transcript produced undergoes a series of modifications known as RNA processing to generate a mature messenger RNA (mRNA). This includes addition of the 5' cap sequences and the poly-A tail of the mRNA molecule, and removal of its intronic sequences. The exact pattern of mRNA processing may vary from cell type to cell type and differ in response to internal and external stimuli. In this review, using examples from my own work, I will outline how mRNA processing mechanisms can sometimes provide a mode of action for mutations causing monogenic diabetes, and also suggest potential explanations for phenotypic variation in this condition. The potential for mRNA processing to impact on more complex causes of diabetes as well will also be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L W Harries
- Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Giuffrida FMA, Furuzawa GK, Kasamatsu TS, Oliveira MM, Reis AF, Dib SA. HNF1A gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals with late-onset autosomal dominant diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2009; 8:28. [PMID: 19490620 PMCID: PMC2696421 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-8-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a genetically heterogeneous disease, hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 homeobox A (HNF1A) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) playing a minor role in its pathogenesis. HNF1A is a frequent cause of monogenic diabetes, albeit with early-onset. Some uncommon subgroups like late-onset autosomal dominant diabetes mellitus (LOADDM) may present peculiar inheritance patterns with a stronger familial component. This study aims to investigate the relationship of HNF1A SNPs with cardiovascular risk factors in this group, as well as to characterize them in contrast with classical T2DM (CT2DM). Methods eighteen LOADDM (age at onset > 40 y.o.; diabetes in 3 contiguous generations, uniparental lineage) along with 48 CT2DM patients and 42 normoglycemic controls (N group) have been evaluated for cardiovascular risk factors and SNPs of HNF1A. Results LOADDM showed significantly higher frequencies of SNPs A98V (22.2% vs 2.1%, p = 0.02) and S487N (72.2% vs 43.8%, p = 0.049) of HNF1A compared to CT2DM. I27L did not show significant difference (66.7% vs 45.8%), but associated with lower risk of hypertriglyceridemia (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04–0.65, p = 0.01). "Protective effect" was independent from other well-known predictive risk factors for hypertriglyceridemia, such as waist circumference (OR 1.09 per 1 cm increase, p = 0.01) and HDL (OR 0.01 per 1 mmol/l, p = 0.005), after logistic regression. Conclusion Late onset autosomal dominant diabetes mellitus is clinically indistinguishable from classical type 2 diabetes individuals. However, LOADDM group is enriched for common HNF1A polymorphisms A98V and S487N. I27L showed "protective effect" upon hypertriglyceridemia in this sample of individuals, suggesting a role for HNF1A on diabetic individuals' lipid profile. These data contribute to the understanding of the complex interactions between genes, hyperglycemia and cardiovascular risk factors development in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M A Giuffrida
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Endocrinologia, R, Pedro de Toledo, 981 12o andar, Vila Clementino, Sao Paulo, SP - Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kathiresan S, Willer CJ, Peloso GM, Demissie S, Musunuru K, Schadt EE, Kaplan L, Bennett D, Li Y, Tanaka T, Voight BF, Bonnycastle LL, Jackson AU, Crawford G, Surti A, Guiducci C, Burtt NP, Parish S, Clarke R, Zelenika D, Kubalanza KA, Morken MA, Scott LJ, Stringham HM, Galan P, Swift AJ, Kuusisto J, Bergman RN, Sundvall J, Laakso M, Ferrucci L, Scheet P, Sanna S, Uda M, Yang Q, Lunetta KL, Dupuis J, de Bakker PIW, O'Donnell CJ, Chambers JC, Kooner JS, Hercberg S, Meneton P, Lakatta EG, Scuteri A, Schlessinger D, Tuomilehto J, Collins FS, Groop L, Altshuler D, Collins R, Lathrop GM, Melander O, Salomaa V, Peltonen L, Orho-Melander M, Ordovas JM, Boehnke M, Abecasis GR, Mohlke KL, Cupples LA. Common variants at 30 loci contribute to polygenic dyslipidemia. Nat Genet 2009; 41:56-65. [PMID: 19060906 PMCID: PMC2881676 DOI: 10.1038/ng.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1077] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2008] [Accepted: 10/28/2008] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To dissect the polygenic basis of these traits, we conducted genome-wide association screens in 19,840 individuals and replication in up to 20,623 individuals. We identified 30 distinct loci associated with lipoprotein concentrations (each with P < 5 x 10(-8)), including 11 loci that reached genome-wide significance for the first time. The 11 newly defined loci include common variants associated with LDL cholesterol near ABCG8, MAFB, HNF1A and TIMD4; with HDL cholesterol near ANGPTL4, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3, HNF4A, LCAT, PLTP and TTC39B; and with triglycerides near AMAC1L2, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3 and PLTP. The proportion of individuals exceeding clinical cut points for high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides varied according to an allelic dosage score (P < 10(-15) for each trend). These results suggest that the cumulative effect of multiple common variants contributes to polygenic dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sekar Kathiresan
- Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rufibach LE, Duncan SA, Battle M, Deeb SS. Transcriptional regulation of the human hepatic lipase (LIPC) gene promoter. J Lipid Res 2006; 47:1463-77. [PMID: 16603721 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m600082-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic lipase (HL) plays a key role in the metabolism of plasma lipoproteins, and its level of activity requires tight regulation, given the association of both low and high levels with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. However, little is known about the factors responsible for HL expression. Here, we report that the human hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) promoter is regulated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha (HNF4alpha), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha), apolipoprotein A-I regulatory protein-1 (ARP-1), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha (HNF1alpha). Reporter analysis showed that HNF4alpha directly regulates the LIPC promoter via two newly identified direct repeat elements, DR1 and DR4. PGC-1alpha is capable of stimulating the HNF4alpha-dependent transactivation of the LIPC promoter. ARP-1 displaces HNF4alpha from the DR1 site and blocks its ability to activate the LIPC promoter. Induction by HNF1alpha requires the HNF1 binding site and upon cotransfection with HNF4alpha leads to an additive effect. In addition, the in vivo relevance of HNF4alpha in LIPC expression is shown by the ability of the HNF4alpha antagonist Medica 16 to repress endogenous LIPC mRNA expression. Furthermore, disruption of Hnf4alpha in mice prevents the expression of HL mRNA in liver. The overall effect these transcription factors have on HL expression will ultimately depend on the interplay between these various factors and their relative intracellular concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Rufibach
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hegele RA, Zinman B, Hanley AJG, Harris SB, Barrett PH, Cao H. Genes, environment and Oji-Cree type 2 diabetes. Clin Biochem 2003; 36:163-70. [PMID: 12726923 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9120(03)00004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Canadian Oji-Cree is among the highest in the world. Our research has uncovered genetic determinants of Oji-Cree type 2 diabetes and related metabolic traits. The most important genetic discovery by far was the private G319S mutation in transcription factor HNF-1alpha, encoded by the HNF1A gene. HNF1A G319S was discovered by candidate gene sequencing and would have been missed using the currently favored strategy of genome-wide scanning. G319S was associated with increased odds of having type 2 diabetes across the whole study sample and in all subgroups, including adolescent Oji-Cree. Furthermore, G319S had specificity and positive predictive value of 97% and 95%, respectively, for developing type 2 diabetes by age 50. The protein bearing the G319S mutation had impaired function in vitro. Sigmoidal modeling showed that each dose of the G319S allele accelerated the median age of diabetes onset by about 7 yr. This approach also showed that environment more strongly accelerated the median age-of-onset of Oji-Cree diabetes onset than did G319S, which could have implications for intervention strategies to reduce the burden of this epidemic. There is also evidence for genetic determination of related metabolic traits in the Oji-Cree.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ellison GTH, Jones IR. Social identities and the 'new genetics': Scientific and social consequences. CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2002. [DOI: 10.1080/09581590210153362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
16
|
Langmann T, Porsch-Ozcürümez M, Heimerl S, Probst M, Moehle C, Taher M, Borsukova H, Kielar D, Kaminski WE, Dittrich-Wengenroth E, Schmitz G. Identification of sterol-independent regulatory elements in the human ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 promoter: role of Sp1/3, E-box binding factors, and an oncostatin M-responsive element. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:14443-50. [PMID: 11839742 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110270200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) shows a differentiation-, cAMP-, and sterol-dependent up-regulation in human monocytes. As part of an ongoing study, we investigated the proximal promoter regions that are highly conserved between the human and murine ABCA1 genes. Using reporter gene assays, we show here that a TATA box 24 bp upstream of the transcription initiation site is essential for promoter activity in RAW 264.7 and HepG2 cells, whereas further enhancement of transcriptional activity is mediated by the -175 bp promoter region. Gel shift assays revealed in vitro binding of Sp1 to a -91 GnC motif as well as binding of Sp1 and Sp3 to a -157 GnC promoter region. In co-transfection experiments using Drosophila S2 cells, we demonstrate that Sp3 competes with Sp1 for binding to the -157 GnC motif and acts as a repressor. On the other hand, overexpression of Sp1 increased ABCA1 mRNA expression in HeLa cells and enhanced cellular cholesterol and phospholipid efflux in RAW 246.7 macrophages. We also show here that the conserved E-box at position -140 binds upstream stimulatory factors 1 and 2 and hepatic nuclear factor 1alpha and that mutagenesis of the E-box enhanced constitutive ABCA1 expression in RAW 264.7 cells, implying a role for this element in silencing ABCA1 expression. Besides the functional importance for basal gene expression, we have identified that the core promoter region (-175 to +224) is also responsible for the induction of ABCA1 by the cytokine oncostatin M, resulting in a rapid increase in ABCA1 mRNA levels in HepG2 cells. Interestingly, this oncostatin M-induced expression is not dependent on the currently known sequence motifs in the ABCA1 promoter. In conclusion, a functional complex of cis-elements within the proximal human ABCA1 promoter associated with the transcription factors Sp1/3, upstream stimulatory factors 1 and 2, and hepatic nuclear factor 1alpha has been characterized, which allows a subtle tissue-specific regulation of ABCA1 gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Langmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany, and the Pharma Research Center, Bayer AG, Aprather Wey 18a, D-42096 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hegele RA. Monogenic dyslipidemias: window on determinants of plasma lipoprotein metabolism. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69:1161-77. [PMID: 11704922 PMCID: PMC1235529 DOI: 10.1086/324647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2001] [Accepted: 09/27/2001] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R A Hegele
- John P. Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|