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Shabani P, Ohanyan V, Alghadeer A, Gavazzi D, Dong F, Yin L, Kolz C, Shockling L, Enrick M, Zhang P, Shi X, Chilian W. Bone marrow cells contribute to seven different endothelial cell populations in the heart. Basic Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00395-024-01065-x. [PMID: 38963562 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms underlying vascular regeneration in the heart is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies for myocardial ischemia. This study investigates the contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to endothelial cell populations in the heart, and their role in cardiac function and coronary circulation following repetitive ischemia (RI). Chimeric rats were created by transplanting BM cells from GFP female rats into irradiated male recipients. After engraftment chimeras were subjected to RI for 17 days. Vascular growth was assessed from recovery of cardiac function and increases in myocardial blood flow during LAD occlusion. After sorting GFP+ BM cells from heart and bone of Control and RI rats, single-cell RNA sequencing was implemented to determine the fate of BM cells. Our in vivo RI model demonstrated an improvement in cardiac function and myocardial blood flow after 17 days of RI with increased capillary density in the rats subjected to RI compared to Controls. Single-cell RNA sequencing of bone marrow cells isolated from rats' hearts identified distinct endothelial cell (EC) subpopulations. These ECs exhibited heterogeneous gene expression profiles and were enriched for markers of capillary, artery, lymphatic, venous, and immune ECs. Furthermore, BM-derived ECs in the RI group showed an angiogenic profile, characterized by upregulated genes associated with blood vessel development and angiogenesis. This study elucidates the heterogeneity of bone marrow-derived endothelial cells in the heart and their response to repetitive ischemia, laying the groundwork for targeting specific subpopulations for therapeutic angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Shabani
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Vahagn Ohanyan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Ammar Alghadeer
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Daniel Gavazzi
- Hiram College Physics and Computer Science Department, Hiram, OH, USA
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Christopher Kolz
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Lindsay Shockling
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Molly Enrick
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
| | - William Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA.
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Zhang Y, Kang Z, Wang J, Liu S, Liu X, Li Z, Li Y, Wang Y, Fu Z, Li J, Huang Y, Ru Z, Peng Y, Yang Z, Wang Y, Yang X, Luo M. Peptide OM-LV20 promotes arteriogenesis induced by femoral artery ligature via the miR-29b-3p/VEGFA axis. Atherosclerosis 2024; 391:117487. [PMID: 38492245 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Therapeutic arteriogenesis is a promising direction for the treatment of ischemic disease caused by atherosclerosis. However, pharmacological or biological approaches to stimulate functional collateral vessels are not yet available. Identifying new drug targets to promote and explore the underlying mechanisms for therapeutic arteriogenesis is necessary. METHODS Peptide OM-LV20 (20 ng/kg) was administered for 7 consecutive days on rat hindlimb ischemia model, collateral vessel growth was assessed by H&E staining, liquid latex perfusion, and specific immunofluorescence. In vitro, we detected the effect of OM-LV20 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) proliferation and migration. After transfection, we performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, in situ-hybridization and dual luciferase reporters to assessed effective miRNAs and target genes. The proteins related to downstream signaling pathways were detected by Western blot. RESULTS OM-LV20 significantly increased visible collateral vessels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), together with enhanced inflammation cytokine and monocytes/macrophage infiltration in collateral vessels. In vitro, we defined a novel microRNA (miR-29b-3p), and its inhibition enhanced proliferation and migration of HUVEC, as well as the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). OM-LV20 also promoted migration and proliferation of HUVEC, and VEGFA expression was mediated via inhibition of miR-29b-3p. Furthermore, OM-LV20 influenced the protein levels of VEGFR2 and phosphatidylinositol3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and eNOS in vitro and invivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that OM-LV20 enhanced arteriogenesis via the miR-29b-3p/VEGFA/VEGFR2-PI3K/AKT/eNOS axis, and highlighte the application potential of exogenous peptide molecular probes through miRNA, which could promote effective therapeutic arteriogenesis in ischemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zijian Kang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, Hunan, China
| | - Sahua Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571300, Hainan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhiruo Li
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yinglei Wang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yubing Huang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zeqiong Ru
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650504, China.
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Mingying Luo
- Department of Anatomy & Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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Fedai H, Tascanov MB. Effect of Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Molecule on Coronary CollateralDevelopment. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:2090-2095. [PMID: 36305157 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666221026151525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collateral arteries provide an alternative source to the myocardium resulting from ischemia due to occlusive coronary artery disease and may help preserve myocardial function in the case of coronary artery disease (CAD). Although collateral development is so important, its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated. Till now, no study has investigated the relationship between Fibroblast growth factor-21(FGF-21) and coronary collateral. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the pathophysiology of coronary collateral development. METHODS In our study, which we planned as a case-control, 60 consecutive patients with ≥90 stenosis in at least one large coronary artery as a result of coronary angiography (CAG) and 30 patients with normal coronary angiography were included in the study cross-sectional. Demographic, echocardiographic and laboratory data were recorded. Coronary collateral circulation was evaluated using the Rentrop-Cohen method. FGF-21 levels were measured in all individuals. RESULTS In the analysis, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in basic biochemical parameters other than HDL (p>0.05 for all). FGF-21 level was statistically significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group (p: 0.003). Also, the FGF-21 level was found to be statistically significantly higher in the good collateral circulation group than the poor (p:0.006). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to predict the presence of collateral. We found that FGF-21(p=0.006), and C-reactive protein (p=0.020) predicted the presence of collateral independently. CONCLUSION Collateral formation and cardiac prognosis are closely related. Our study is the first to investigate the relationship between collateral formation and FGF-21. Our study showed that the FGF-21 level is an independent predictor of collateral formation. In addition, there was a significant difference between bad and good collateral formation regarding FGF-21 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil Fedai
- Clinic of Cardiology, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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Vural A, Kurt D, Karagöz A, Emecen Ö, Aydin E. The Relationship Between Coronary Collateral Circulation and Serum Adropin Levels. Cureus 2023; 15:e35166. [PMID: 36949994 PMCID: PMC10028480 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.35166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronary collateral circulation (CCC) are vascular structures that limit the infarct area, protect left ventricular function, and reduce the frequency of arrhythmia and mortality during myocardial ischemia and infarction. In this study, we examined the relationship between the development of CCC and serum adropin levels, which has been shown in previous studies to regulate endothelial functions and increase endothelial nitric oxide synthesis, in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods This study included 41 patients with insufficient CCC and 43 patients with well-developed CCC who were hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction and underwent coronary angiography. The Cohen-Rentrop classification was used to grade the CCC. The patients were divided into two groups according to Rentrop grades: those with a 0-1 stage were considered as insufficient and those with grades of 2-3 were considered as well-developed CCC. We took blood samples to measure the adropin levels within the first 24 hours of hospitalization. Results The mean age was 59.1±11.9 years and 62 (73.8%) were male. The right coronary artery was the most frequently target vessel (n: 51, 60.7%), and the majority of the patients presented with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (n:58, 69%). The median interval between the severe chest pain and the intervention was significantly higher in patients with well-developed CCC (p=0.042). The serum adropin levels in patients with insufficient CCC were significantly lower than in those with well-developed CCC (196.3 [131.5 - 837.0] pg/mL vs. 235.5 [171.9 - 1124.2] pg/mL, p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the circumflex artery as the target vessel, NSTEMI (non-STEMI) as the type of myocardial infarction, and serum adropin level were the independent risk factors for the prediction of poor coronary collateral vessel formation (p<0.05). Conclusions In this study, we found that in patients with acute myocardial infarction, those with well-developed CCC had higher adropin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Vural
- Department of Cardiology, Giresun University Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, TUR
| | - Devrim Kurt
- Department of Cardiology, Giresun University Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, TUR
| | - Ahmet Karagöz
- Department of Cardiology, Samsun University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, TUR
| | - Ömer Emecen
- Department of Biochemistry, Giresun University Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, TUR
| | - Ertan Aydin
- Department of Cardiology, Giresun University, Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, TUR
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Bui TA, Jickling GC, Winship IR. Neutrophil dynamics and inflammaging in acute ischemic stroke: A transcriptomic review. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1041333. [PMID: 36620775 PMCID: PMC9813499 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1041333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is among the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Restoring blood flow through recanalization is currently the only acute treatment for cerebral ischemia. Unfortunately, many patients that achieve a complete recanalization fail to regain functional independence. Recent studies indicate that activation of peripheral immune cells, particularly neutrophils, may contribute to microcirculatory failure and futile recanalization. Stroke primarily affects the elderly population, and mortality after endovascular therapies is associated with advanced age. Previous analyses of differential gene expression across injury status and age identify ischemic stroke as a complex age-related disease. It also suggests robust interactions between stroke injury, aging, and inflammation on a cellular and molecular level. Understanding such interactions is crucial in developing effective protective treatments. The global stroke burden will continue to increase with a rapidly aging human population. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of age-dependent vulnerability are poorly defined. In this review, we will discuss how neutrophil-specific gene expression patterns may contribute to poor treatment responses in stroke patients. We will also discuss age-related transcriptional changes that may contribute to poor clinical outcomes and greater susceptibility to cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong An Bui
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Glen C. Jickling
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ian R. Winship
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,*Correspondence: Ian R. Winship,
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Yang H, Song L, Ning X, Ma Y, Xue A, Zhao H, Du Y, Lu Q, Liu Z, Wang J. Enhanced external counterpulsation ameliorates endothelial dysfunction and elevates exercise tolerance in patients with coronary artery disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:997109. [PMID: 36523357 PMCID: PMC9744945 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.997109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a new non-drug treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the long-term effect of EECP on endothelial dysfunction and exercise tolerance, and the relationship between the changes in the endothelial dysfunction and exercise tolerance in the patients with coronary heart disease are still unclear. METHODS A total of 240 patients with CAD were randomly divided into EECP group (n = 120) and control group (n = 120). All patients received routine treatment of CAD as the basic therapy. Patients in the EECP group received 35 1-h daily sessions of EECP during 7 consecutive weeks while the control group received the same treatment course, but the cuff inflation pressure was 0-10 mmHg. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), resistance index (RI), and inner diameter (ID) of the right carotid artery were examined using a Color Doppler Ultrasound and used to calculate the fluid shear stress (FSS). Serum levels of human vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and human angiotensin 2 (Ang2) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Exercise load time, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max ), metabolic equivalent (METs), anaerobic threshold (AT), peak oxygen pulse (VO2max/HR) were assessed using cardiopulmonary exercise tests. RESULTS After 1 year follow-up, the EDV, PSV, ID, and FSS were significantly increased in the EECP group (P < 0.05 and 0.01, respectively), whereas there were no significant changes in these parameters in the control group. The serum levels of VEGF and VEGFR2 were elevated in the EECP and control groups (all P < 0.05). However, the changes in VEGF and VEGFR2 were significantly higher in the EECP group than in the control group (P < 0.01). The serum level of Ang2 was decreased in the EECP group (P < 0.05) and no obvious changes in the control group. As for exercise tolerance of patients, there were significant increases in the exercise load time, VO2max, VO2max/HR, AT and METs in the EECP group (all P < 0.05) and VO2max and METs in the control group (all P < 0.05). Correlation analyses showed a significant and positive correlations of VEGF and VEGFR2 levels with the changes in FSS (all P < 0.001). The correlations were still remained even after adjustment for confounders (all Padjustment < 0.001). Linear regression displays the age, the medication of ACEI (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) or ARB (angiotensin receptor blockers), the diabetes and the changes in VEGF and VEGFR2 were positively and independently associated with the changes in METs after adjustment for confounders (all Padjustment < 0.05). CONCLUSION The data of our study suggested that EECP is a useful therapeutic measurement for amelioration of endothelial dysfunction and long-term elevation of exercise tolerance for patients with coronary heart disease. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION [http://www.chictr.org.cn/], identifier [ChiCTR1800020102].
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Affiliation(s)
- Huongrui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lixue Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang Ning
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Aiying Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hongbing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yimeng Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Cardio-Cerebrovascular Control and Research Center, Basic Medical College, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Akkaya H, Güntürk EE, Akkaya F, Karabıyık U, Güntürk İ, Yılmaz S. Avaliação da Relação entre Níveis de Adropina e Circulação Colateral Coronária em Pacientes com Síndrome Coronariana Crônica. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 119:402-410. [PMID: 35766616 PMCID: PMC9438532 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20210573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Association of lower serum irisin levels with diabetes mellitus: Irrespective of coronary collateral circulation, and syntax score. North Clin Istanb 2022; 8:607-614. [PMID: 35284785 PMCID: PMC8848496 DOI: 10.14744/nci.2021.73669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Irisin is a myokine thought to be involved in the pathophysiological process of atherosclerosis with its’ cardiovascular protective effects. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have lower levels of irisin. Therefore, we investigated whether there is a connection between irisin, DM, coronary collateral circulation (CCC), and SYNTAX scores representing coronary artery disease (CAD) severity. Methods: This study evaluated 86 patients who have at least one epicardial coronary artery with chronic total occlusion. We included Rentrop 0–1 into the poor CCC group (n=45) and Rentrop 2–3 into the good CCC group (n=41) and measured serum irisin levels. Results: Irisin levels did not differ (17585 [882–37741] pg/ml and (17504 [813–47683] pg/ml, p=0.772) between the two groups. Irisin levels were lower in patients with diabetes (n=41; 14485 [813–29398] pg/ml) than those without diabetes (n=45; 19724 [865–47683] pg/ml (p=0.002). Irisin was not correlated with SYNTAX scores. In multivariate analysis, DM (OR=0.463; CI: 0.184–0.783; p=0.012) was a negative predictor of good CCC development Conclusion: Although its level is decreased in patients with diabetes, serum irisin levels have no role in the pathophysiology of collateral development and CAD severity.
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The essential role for endothelial cell sprouting in coronary collateral growth. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 165:158-171. [PMID: 35074317 PMCID: PMC8940680 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Coronary collateral growth is a natural bypass for ischemic heart diseases. It offers tremendous therapeutic benefit, but the process of coronary collateral growth isincompletely understood due to limited preclinical murine models that would enable interrogation of its mechanisms and processes via genetic modification and lineage tracing. Understanding the processes by which coronary collaterals develop can unlock new therapeutic strategies for ischemic heart disease. OBJECTIVE To develop a murine model of coronary collateral growth by repetitive ischemia and investigate whether capillary endothelial cells could contribute to the coronary collateral formation in an adult mouse heart after repetitive ischemia by lineage tracing. METHODS AND RESULTS A murine model of coronary collateral growth was developed using short episodes of repetitive ischemia. Repetitive ischemia stimulation resulted in robust collateral growth in adult mouse hearts, validated by high-resolution micro-computed tomography. Repetitive ischemia-induced collateral formation compensated ischemia caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. Cardiac function improved during ischemia after repetitive ischemia, suggesting the improvement of coronary blood flow. A capillary-specific Cre driver (Apln-CreER) was used for lineage tracing capillary endothelial cells. ROSA mT/mG reporter mice crossed with the Apln-CreER transgene mice underwent a 17 days' repetitive ischemia protocol for coronary collateral growth. Two-photon and confocal microscopy imaging of heart slices revealed repetitive ischemia-induced coronary collateral growth initiated from sprouting Apelin+ endothelial cells. Newly formed capillaries in the collateral-dependent zone expanded in diameter upon repetitive ischemia stimulation and arterialized with smooth muscle cell recruitment, forming mature coronary arteries. Notably, pre-existing coronary arteries and arterioles were not Apelin+, and all Apelin+ collaterals arose from sprouting capillaries. Cxcr4, Vegfr2, Jag1, Mcp1, and Hif1⍺ mRNA levels in the repetitive ischemia-induced hearts were also upregulated at the early stage of coronary collateral growth, suggesting angiogenic signaling pathways are activated for coronary collaterals formation during repetitive ischemia. CONCLUSIONS We developed a murine model of coronary collateral growth induced by repetitive ischemia. Our lineage tracing study shows that sprouting endothelial cells contribute to coronary collateral growth in adult mouse hearts. For the first time, sprouting angiogenesis is shown to give rise to mature coronary arteries in response to repetitive ischemia in the adult mouse hearts.
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Zhao Y, Wang S, Yang J, Lin Z, Chen Q. Association of fibrinogen/albumin ratio and coronary collateral circulation in stable coronary artery disease patients. Biomark Med 2020; 14:1513-1520. [PMID: 33200965 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate whether fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) has an association with the coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Materials & methods: A total of 391 patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent coronary angiography were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to the Rentrop score. Results: The poorly developed CCC group had a significantly higher FAR level compared with the well-developed CCC group (p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the FAR (odds ratio: 1.700; 95% CI: 1.420-2.036; p < 0.001) was an independent predictor of poorly developed CCC. Conclusion: FAR can be used as one of the independent predictors of CCC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipin Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Shunli Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai 201600, PR China
| | - Zebin Lin
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
| | - Qingwei Chen
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, PR China
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Recruitment and maturation of the coronary collateral circulation: Current understanding and perspectives in arteriogenesis. Microvasc Res 2020; 132:104058. [PMID: 32798552 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The coronary collateral circulation is a rich anastomotic network of primitive vessels which have the ability to augment in size and function through the process of arteriogenesis. In this review, we evaluate the current understandings of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which this process occurs, specifically focussing on elevated fluid shear stress (FSS), inflammation, the redox state and gene expression along with the integrative, parallel and simultaneous process by which this occurs. The initiating step of arteriogenesis occurs following occlusion of an epicardial coronary artery, with an increase in FSS detected by mechanoreceptors within the endothelium. This must occur within a 'redox window' where an equilibrium of oxidative and reductive factors are present. These factors initially result in an inflammatory milieu, mediated by neutrophils as well as lymphocytes, with resultant activation of a number of downstream molecular pathways resulting in increased expression of proteins involved in monocyte attraction and adherence; namely vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). Once monocytes and other inflammatory cells adhere to the endothelium they enter the extracellular matrix and differentiate into macrophages in an effort to create a favourable environment for vessel growth and development. Activated macrophages secrete inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and matrix metalloproteinases. Finally, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferate and switch to a contractile phenotype, resulting in an increased diameter and functionality of the collateral vessel, thereby allowing improved perfusion of the distal myocardium subtended by the occluded vessel. This simultaneously reduces FSS within the collateral vessel, inhibiting further vessel growth.
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Chen X, Lin Y, Tian L, Wang Z. Correlation between ischemia-modified albumin level and coronary collateral circulation. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:326. [PMID: 32641068 PMCID: PMC7341651 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels and coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with chronic total occlusive (CTO). METHODS Coronary angiography was performed in the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from 2017 to 08 to 2019-02 to identify 128 patients with CTO lesions in at least one major coronary artery. According to the Rentrop evaluation criteria, the degree of CCC formation was divided into the poor CCC formation group (Rentrop0-1 grade,n = 69) and the good CCC formation group (Rentrop2-3 grade,n = 59). The IMA level of the patients was measured using an albumin-cobalt binding assay. The general data, routine blood panel, total bilirubin (TBIL), blood lipids, uric acid (UA), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and other indicators of the patients were recorded and analyzed while assessing the patients' blood vessel occlusion. RESULTS The proportion of platelet count and diabetes in the poor CCC group was higher than that in the good CCC group (P < 0.05). The ratio of ischemia-modified albumin and total bilirubin in the poor CCC group was lower than that in the good CCC group (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ischemia-modified albumin was positively correlated with CCC formation [OR = 1.190,95% CI (1.092-1.297),P < 0.001], while diabetes was negatively correlated with CCC formation [OR = 0.285,95% CI (0.094-0.864), P < 0.05]. Ischemic modified albumin predicted good formation of CCC according to the ROC curve, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.769(95% CI,0.686-0.851, P<0.001); the optimal cut-off value was 63.35 KU/L, and the sensitivity was 71.2%,specificity is 71%. CONCLUSION The IMA level is closely related to good formation of CCC. Higher IMA levels can be used as an effective predictor of good CCC formation in patients with CTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Lihua Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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13
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Stam K, Cai Z, van der Velde N, van Duin R, Lam E, van der Velden J, Hirsch A, Duncker DJ, Merkus D. Cardiac remodelling in a swine model of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: comparison of right vs. left ventricle. J Physiol 2019; 597:4465-4480. [PMID: 31194256 PMCID: PMC6852085 DOI: 10.1113/jp277896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Right ventricle (RV) function is the most important determinant of survival and quality of life in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The changes in right and left ventricle gene expression that contribute to ventricular remodelling are incompletely investigated. RV remodelling in our CTEPH swine model is associated with increased expression of the genes involved in inflammation (TGFβ), oxidative stress (ROCK2, NOX1 and NOX4), and apoptosis (BCL2 and caspase-3). Alterations in ROCK2 expression correlated inversely with RV contractile reserve during exercise. Since ROCK2 has been shown to be involved in hypertrophy, oxidative stress, fibrosis and endothelial dysfunction, ROCK2 inhibition may present a viable therapeutic target in CTEPH. ABSTRACT Right ventricle (RV) function is the most important determinant of survival and quality of life in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The present study investigated whether the increased cardiac afterload is associated with (i) cardiac remodelling and hypertrophic signalling; (ii) changes in angiogenic factors and capillary density; and (iii) inflammatory changes associated with oxidative stress and interstitial fibrosis. CTEPH was induced in eight chronically instrumented swine by chronic nitric oxide synthase inhibition and up to five weekly pulmonary embolizations. Nine healthy swine served as a control. After 9 weeks, RV function was assessed by single beat analysis of RV-pulmonary artery (PA) coupling at rest and during exercise, as well as by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Subsequently, the heart was excised and RV and left ventricle (LV) tissues were processed for molecular and histological analyses. Swine with CTEPH exhibited significant RV hypertrophy in response to the elevated PA pressure. RV-PA coupling was significantly reduced, correlated inversely with pulmonary vascular resistance and did not increase during exercise in CTEPH swine. Expression of genes associated with hypertrophy (BNP), inflammation (TGFβ), oxidative stress (ROCK2, NOX1 and NOX4), apoptosis (BCL2 and caspase-3) and angiogenesis (VEGFA) were increased in the RV of CTEPH swine and correlated inversely with RV-PA coupling during exercise. In the LV, only significant changes in ROCK2 gene-expression occurred. In conclusion, RV remodelling in our CTEPH swine model is associated with increased expression of genes involved in inflammation and oxidative stress, suggesting that these processes contribute to RV remodelling and dysfunction in CTEPH and hence represent potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Stam
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Zongye Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nikki van der Velde
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Richard van Duin
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Esther Lam
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hirsch
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Daphne Merkus
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MCUniversity Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
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Rajendran S, Shen X, Glawe J, Kolluru GK, Kevil CG. Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide Regulation of Ischemic Vascular Growth and Remodeling. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1213-1247. [PMID: 31187898 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c180026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic vascular remodeling occurs in response to stenosis or arterial occlusion leading to a change in blood flow and tissue perfusion. Altered blood flow elicits a cascade of molecular and cellular physiological responses leading to vascular remodeling of the macro- and micro-circulation. Although cellular mechanisms of vascular remodeling such as arteriogenesis and angiogenesis have been studied, therapeutic approaches in these areas have had limited success due to the complexity and heterogeneous constellation of molecular signaling events regulating these processes. Understanding central molecular players of vascular remodeling should lead to a deeper understanding of this response and aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) are gaseous signaling molecules that are critically involved in regulating fundamental biochemical and molecular responses necessary for vascular growth and remodeling. This review examines how NO and H2 S regulate pathophysiological mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, along with important chemical and experimental considerations revealed thus far. The importance of NO and H2 S bioavailability, their synthesis enzymes and cofactors, and genetic variations associated with cardiovascular risk factors suggest that they serve as pivotal regulators of vascular remodeling responses. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1213-1247, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinggui Shen
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - John Glawe
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Gopi K Kolluru
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Departments of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport.,Departments of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport
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15
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Sella G, Kracoff SL. Unusual intercoronary communication of possible traumatic origin: a case report. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CASE REPORTS 2019; 2:yty070. [PMID: 31020147 PMCID: PMC6177065 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/yty070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The normal coronary circulation is physiologically interconnected by intercoronary and intracoronary anastomoses that are functionally insignificant and cannot be visualized by conventional coronary angiography due to their small size. The development of significant coronary stenosis increases the flow through these anastomoses and hence their size, making them readily visible. Large intercoronary communications in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease constitute a very rare coronary artery anomaly, which is thought to be congenital in origin and located in specific anatomic locations. Case presentation A 62-year-old man was admitted to our department due to typical anginotic pain. Coronary angiography revealed a subtotal occlusion of the proximal circumflex and a very unusual tortuous intercoronary communication between the left main coronary artery and the left anterior descending artery. A drug eluting stent was successfully deployed at the circumflex and the patient’s symptoms resolved. Medical history was retaken revealing that he suffered a strong blunt trauma of the chest as an adolescent, which we believe could be a possible alternative explanation for the formation of the intercoronary communication. Comparison to a previous angiogram performed 4 years earlier showed that the intercoronary communication was already present and remained unchanged over the years. Discussion It is suggested that intercoronary communication arising from unusual locations and developing in disorganized fashion can be suspected as being of traumatic origin. We believe that there is no need for intervention to treat this type of anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Sella
- Department of Cardiology, Kaplan Medical Center, Pasternak St. POB 1, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sharon L Kracoff
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaplan Medical Center, Pasternak St. POB 1, Rehovot, Israel
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Chen W, Ni J, Qiao Z, Wu Y, Lu L, Zheng J, Chen R, Lu X. Comparison of the Clinical Outcomes of Two Physiological Ischemic Training Methods in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease. Open Med (Wars) 2019; 14:224-233. [PMID: 30847399 PMCID: PMC6401491 DOI: 10.1515/med-2019-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to verify the effectiveness of physiological ischemic training (PIT) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and compare differences in clinical outcomes between isometric exercise training (IET) and cuff inflation training (CIT). Fifty-five CHD patients were randomized into three groups: IET group (n=19), CIT group (n=18), and no-exercise group (n=18). PIT was practiced in the IET and CIT groups. Changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded. The cardiac structure and function were evaluated and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) measured. SBP and DBP decreased significantly in both PIT groups after 3-month training (P<0.01). Cardiac function and structure were significantly improved in both PIT groups after 3-month training (P<0.01). Cardiac structure and function in the IET group were both superior to those in the CIT group by the end of training (P<0.01). The VEGF level in both PIT groups increased significantly after 3-month training (P<0.01). PIT was safe and feasible when performed in CHD patients. An appropriate period of PIT helped improve blood pressure and the cardiac structure and function, with the outcome more positive in the IET group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200 China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Zhenguo Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, 169 Gongyuan Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, China
| | - Yanming Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200 China
| | - Lijuan Lu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, China
| | - Ju Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Wujiang District, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200 China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Department of Geriatric, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215002, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Keszler A, Lindemer B, Hogg N, Lohr NL. Ascorbate attenuates red light mediated vasodilation: Potential role of S-nitrosothiols. Redox Biol 2019; 20:13-18. [PMID: 30261342 PMCID: PMC6156744 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is significant therapeutic advantage of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) independent nitric oxide (NO) production in maladies where endothelium, and thereby NOS, is dysfunctional. Electromagnetic radiation in the red and near infrared region has been shown to stimulate NOS-independent but NO-dependent vasodilation, and thereby has significant therapeutic potential. We have recently shown that red light induces acute vasodilatation in the pre-constricted murine facial artery via the release of an endothelium derived substance. In this study we have investigated the mechanism of vasodilatation and conclude that 670 nm light stimulates vasodilator release from an endothelial store, and that this vasodilator has the characteristics of an S-nitrosothiol (RSNO). This study shows that 670 nm irradiation can be used as a targeted and non-invasive means to release biologically relevant amounts of vasodilator from endothelial stores. This raises the possibility that these stores can be pharmacologically built-up in pathological situations to improve the efficacy of red light treatment. This strategy may overcome eNOS dysfunction in peripheral vascular pathologies for the improvement of vascular health.
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Key Words
- enos, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- rsno, s-nitrosothiols
- r/nir, red and near infrared light
- gsno, s-nitrosoglutathione
- dnic, dinitrosyl iron complex
- gsh-dnic, glutathione dinitrosyl iron complexes
- proli/no, 1-(hydroxy-nno-azoxy)-l-proline
- cl, ozone-chemiluminescence signal
- dha, dehydroascorbate
- dtpa, diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid
- nem, n-ethylmaleimide
- se, standard error
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Keszler
- Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Brian Lindemer
- Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Neil Hogg
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Redox Biology Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Nicole L Lohr
- Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Clement J Zablocki VA Medical Center, 5000 W National Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53295, USA.
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18
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Tykhomyrov AA, Nedzvetsky VS, Zabida AA, Ağca CA, Kuryata OV. l-Arginine treatment improves angiogenic response and reduces matrix metalloproteinase activity in chronic heart failure patients with coronary artery disease. PHARMANUTRITION 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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Differential Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A 165 Isoforms Between Intracranial Atherosclerosis and Moyamoya Disease. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018; 28:360-368. [PMID: 30392834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor-A165 (VEGF-A165) has been identified as a combination of 2 alternative splice variants: proangiogenic VEGF-A165a and antiangiogenic VEGF-A165b. Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) and moyamoya disease (MMD) are 2 main types of intracranial arterial steno-occlusive disorders with distinct capacities for collateral formation. Recent studies indicate that VEGF-A165 regulates collateral growth in ischemia. Therefore, we investigated if there is a distinctive composition of VEGF-A165 isoforms in ICAD and MMD. METHODS Sixty-six ICAD patients, 6 MMD patients, and 5 controls were enrolled in this prospective study. ICAD and MMD patients received intensive medical management upon enrollment. Surgery was offered to 9 ICAD patients who had recurrent ischemic events, 6 MMD patients, and 5 surgical controls without ICAD. VEGF-A165a and VEGF-A165b plasma levels were measured at baseline, within 1 week after patients having surgery, and at 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. RESULTS A significantly higher baseline VEGF-A165a/b ratio was observed in MMD compared to ICAD (P = .016). The VEGF-A165a/b ratio increased significantly and rapidly after surgical treatment in ICAD (P = .026) more so than in MMD and surgical controls. In patients with ICAD receiving intensive medical management, there was also an elevation of the VEGF-A165a/b ratio, but at a slower rate, reaching the peak at 3 months after initiation of treatment (baseline versus 3 months VEGF-A165a/b ratio, P = .028). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows an increased VEGF-A165a/b ratio in MMD compared to ICAD, and suggests that both intensive medical management and surgical revascularization elevate the VEGF-A165a/b ratio in ICAD patients.
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Stam K, van Duin RW, Uitterdijk A, Krabbendam-Peters I, Sorop O, Danser AHJ, Duncker DJ, Merkus D. Pulmonary microvascular remodeling in chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L951-L964. [PMID: 30260284 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00043.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension involves perturbations in the nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) pathways. However, the implications of pulmonary vascular remodeling and these pathways remain unclear in chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). The objective of the present study was to characterize changes in microvascular morphology and function, focussing on the ET-1 and NO pathways, in a CTEPH swine model. Swine were chronically instrumented and received up to five pulmonary embolizations by microsphere infusion, whereas endothelial dysfunction was induced by daily administration of the endothelial NO synthase inhibitor Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester until 2 wk before the end of study. Swine were subjected to exercise, and the pulmonary vasculature was investigated by hemodynamic, histological, quantitative PCR, and myograph experiments. In swine with CTEPH, the increased right-ventricular afterload, decreased cardiac index, and mild ventilation-perfusion-mismatch were exacerbated during exercise. Pulmonary microvascular remodeling was evidenced by increased muscularization, which was accompanied by an increased maximal vasoconstriction. Although ET-1-induced vasoconstriction was increased in CTEPH pulmonary small arteries, the ET-1 sensitivity was decreased. Moreover, the contribution of the ETA receptor to ET-1 vasoconstriction was increased, whereas the contribution of the ETB receptor was decreased and the contribution of Rho-kinase was lost. A reduction in endogenous NO production was compensated in part by a decreased phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) activity resulting in an apparent increased NO sensitivity in CTEPH pulmonary small arteries. These findings suggest that pulmonary microvascular remodeling with a reduced activity of PDE5 and Rho-kinase may contribute to the lack of therapeutic efficacy of PDE5 inhibitors and Rho-kinase inhibitors in CTEPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Stam
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Richard W van Duin
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - André Uitterdijk
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Ilona Krabbendam-Peters
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Oana Sorop
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - A H Jan Danser
- Department of Pharmacology, Erasmus Medical Center , Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Daphne Merkus
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam , The Netherlands
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Impact of Admission Blood Glucose on Coronary Collateral Flow in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Cardiol Res Pract 2018; 2018:4059542. [PMID: 29721336 PMCID: PMC5867605 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4059542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with acute myocardial infarction, glucose metabolism is altered and acute hyperglycemia on admission is common regardless of diabetes status. The development of coronary collateral is heterogeneous among individuals with coronary artery disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether glucose value on admission is associated with collateral flow in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. We retrospectively evaluated 190 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of first STEMI within 12 hours of onset of chest pain. Coronary collateral development was graded according to Rentrop classification. Rentrop 0-1 was graded as poor collateral development, and Rentrop 2-3 was graded as good collateral development. Admission glucose was measured and compared between two groups. Mean admission glucose level was 173.0 ± 80.1 mg/dl in study population. Forty-five (23.7%) patients had good collateral development, and 145 (76.3%) patients had poor collateral development. There were no statistically significant differences in demographic characteristics between two groups. Three-vessel disease was more common in patients with good collateral development (p=0.026). Mean admission glucose level was higher in patients with poor collateral than good collateral (180.6 ± 84.9 mg/dl versus 148.7 ± 56.6 mg/dl, resp., p=0.008). In univariate analysis, higher admission glucose was associated with poor collateral development, but multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a borderline result (odds ratio 0.994, 95% CI 0.989-1.000, p=0.049). Our results suggest that elevated glucose on admission may have a role in the attenuation of coronary collateral blood flow in acute myocardial infarction. Further studies are needed to validate our results.
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Shoeibi S, Mozdziak P, Mohammadi S. Important signals regulating coronary artery angiogenesis. Microvasc Res 2017; 117:1-9. [PMID: 29247718 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a complex process of budding, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing microvessels, via migration, proliferation and survival. Vascular angiogenesis factors include different classes of molecules that have a fundamental role in blood vessel formation. Numerous inducers of angiogenesis, such as the members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), angiopoietin (Ang), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), have an important role in angiogenesis. However, VEGF, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) expression appear to be important in intraplaque angiogenesis. Interaction and combined effects between growth factors is essential in endothelial cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and endothelial cell-cell communication that ultimately lead to the microvessel formation. Since VEGF has a key role during angiogenesis; it may be considered as a good therapeutic target in the clinic. The essential function of several angiogenic factors involved in coronary angiogenesis and intraplaque angiogenesis in atherosclerosis are carefully considered along with the use of angiogenic factors in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Shoeibi
- Cellular and Molecular research Center, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Graduate Physiology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Shabnam Mohammadi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
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Kundi H, Gok M, Kiziltunc E, Cetin M, Ornek E. Association of IGF-1 with coronary collateral circulation in stable coronary artery disease. Biomark Med 2017; 11:527-534. [PMID: 28685580 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the relationship between coronary collateral circulation (CCC) grade and serum IGF-1 levels in patients diagnosed with stable coronary artery disease. Methods: Totally, 190 consecutive patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent coronary angiography were included in this study. Results: The patients with good CCC had significantly higher IGF-1 levels compared with the poor ones. On the contrary, hs-CRP was significantly lower in the good CCC group. We also demonstrated that IGF-1 level was significantly related with the grade of CCC. Conclusion: We believe that measurement of IGF-1 level may help clinicians for predicting CCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun Kundi
- Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education & Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Gok
- Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education & Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emrullah Kiziltunc
- Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education & Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cetin
- Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education & Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ender Ornek
- Cardiology Department, Ankara Numune Education & Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Dyakov IN, Zyryanov SK. [Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration]. Vestn Oftalmol 2017; 133:125-129. [PMID: 28524152 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma20171332125-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in older patients. An important role in angiogenesis is played by regulatory mechanisms (an increase in the number of proliferating endothelial and stromal cells and morphological alterations in the vascular network) induced by factors from the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. Since 2006, the key treatment of neovascular AMD includes agents that inhibit the activity of VEGF. This review covers the effectiveness and safety of the use of anti-VEGF agents in neovascular AMD patients. A comparison is drawn between monoclonal antibody-based therapy and a new drug from the VEGF-Trap group.
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Affiliation(s)
- I N Dyakov
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccine and Sera, 5a Malyy Kazennyy pereulok, Moscow, Russian Federation, 105064
| | - S K Zyryanov
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Medical Institute, Medical Faculty, Department of the Common and Clinical Pharmacology, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 1171986
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25
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Yapp JH, Kamil R, Rozi M, Mohtarrudin N, Loqman MY, Ezamin AR, Ahmad SA, Abu Bakar Z. Trends of reactive hyperaemia responses to repetitive loading on skin tissue of rats - Implications for pressure ulcer prevention. J Tissue Viability 2017; 26:196-201. [PMID: 28438463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tissue recovery is important in preventing tissue deterioration, which is induced by pressure and may lead to pressure ulcers (PU). Reactive hyperaemia (RH) is an indicator used to identify people at risk of PU. In this study, the effect of different recovery times on RH trend is investigated during repetitive loading. Twenty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats (seven per group), with body weight of 385-485 g, were categorised into three groups and subjected to different recovery times with three repetitive loading cycles. The first, second, and third groups were subjected to short (3 min), moderate (10 min), and prolonged (40 min) recovery, respectively, while fixed loading time and pressure (10 min and 50 mmHg, respectively). Peak hyperaemia was measured in the three cycles to determine trends associated with different recovery times. Three RH trends (increasing, decreasing, and inconsistent) were observed. As the recovery time is increased (3 min vs. 10 min vs. 40 min), the number of samples with increasing RH trend decreases (57% vs. 29% vs. 14%) and the number of samples with inconsistent RH trend increases (29% vs. 57% vs. 72%). All groups consists of one sample with decreasing RH trend (14%). Results confirm that different recovery times affect the RH trend during repetitive loading. The RH trend may be used to determine the sufficient recovery time of an individual to avoid PU development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Heng Yapp
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Raja Kamil
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - M Rozi
- Cancer Resource and Education Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Norhafizah Mohtarrudin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - M Y Loqman
- Department of Companion Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - A R Ezamin
- Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Anom Ahmad
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Zuki Abu Bakar
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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26
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Abstract
The heart is uniquely responsible for providing its own blood supply through the coronary circulation. Regulation of coronary blood flow is quite complex and, after over 100 years of dedicated research, is understood to be dictated through multiple mechanisms that include extravascular compressive forces (tissue pressure), coronary perfusion pressure, myogenic, local metabolic, endothelial as well as neural and hormonal influences. While each of these determinants can have profound influence over myocardial perfusion, largely through effects on end-effector ion channels, these mechanisms collectively modulate coronary vascular resistance and act to ensure that the myocardial requirements for oxygen and substrates are adequately provided by the coronary circulation. The purpose of this series of Comprehensive Physiology is to highlight current knowledge regarding the physiologic regulation of coronary blood flow, with emphasis on functional anatomy and the interplay between the physical and biological determinants of myocardial oxygen delivery. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:321-382, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Goodwill
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Gregory M Dick
- California Medical Innovations Institute, 872 Towne Center Drive, Pomona, CA
| | - Alexander M Kiel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S Martin Jischke Drive, Lafayette, IN
| | - Johnathan D Tune
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
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27
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Zhang P, Fassett JT, Zhu G, Li J, Hu X, Xu X, Chen Y, Bache RJ. Repetitive ischemia increases myocardial dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 expression. Vasc Med 2017; 22:179-188. [PMID: 28145161 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x16681215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacologic inhibition of nitric oxide production inhibits growth of coronary collateral vessels. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) is the major enzyme that degrades asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Here we examined regulation of the ADMA-DDAH1 pathway in a canine model of recurrent myocardial ischemia during the time when coronary collateral growth is known to occur. Under basal conditions, DDAH1 expression was non-uniform across the left ventricular (LV) wall, with expression strongest in the subepicardium. In response to ischemia, DDAH1 expression was up-regulated in the midmyocardium of the ischemic zone, and this was associated with a significant reduction in myocardial interstitial fluid (MIF) ADMA. The decrease in MIF ADMA during ischemia was likely due to increased DDAH1 because myocardial protein arginine N-methyl transferase 1 (PRMT1) and the methylated arginine protein content (the source of ADMA) were unchanged or increased, respectively, at this time. The inflammatory mediators interleukin (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were also elevated in the midmyocardium where DDAH1 expression was increased. Both of these factors significantly up-regulated DDAH1 expression in cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells. Taken together, these results suggest that inflammatory factors expressed in response to myocardial ischemia contributed to up-regulation of DDAH1, which was responsible for the decrease in MIF ADMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- 1 Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John T Fassett
- 2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Karl Franzen University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Guangshuo Zhu
- 1 Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jingxin Li
- 3 Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Hu
- 4 Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Xu
- 1 Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Yingjie Chen
- 1 Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Robert J Bache
- 1 Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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28
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Joseph G, Soler A, Hutcheson R, Hunter I, Bradford C, Hutcheson B, Gotlinger KH, Jiang H, Falck JR, Proctor S, Schwartzman ML, Rocic P. Elevated 20-HETE impairs coronary collateral growth in metabolic syndrome via endothelial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 312:H528-H540. [PMID: 28011587 PMCID: PMC5402017 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00561.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronary collateral growth (CCG) is impaired in metabolic syndrome (MetS). microRNA-145 (miR-145-Adv) delivery to our rat model of MetS (JCR) completely restored and neutrophil depletion significantly improved CCG. We determined whether low endogenous levels of miR-145 in MetS allowed for elevated production of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), which, in turn, resulted in excessive neutrophil accumulation and endothelial dysfunction leading to impaired CCG. Rats underwent 0-9 days of repetitive ischemia (RI). RI-induced cardiac CYP4F (neutrophil-specific 20-HETE synthase) expression and 20-HETE levels were increased (4-fold) in JCR vs. normal rats. miR-145-Adv and 20-HETE antagonists abolished and neutrophil depletion (blocking antibodies) reduced (~60%) RI-induced increases in CYP4F expression and 20-HETE production in JCR rats. Impaired CCG in JCR rats (collateral-dependent blood flow using microspheres) was completely restored by 20-HETE antagonists [collateral-dependent zone (CZ)/normal zone (NZ) flow ratio was 0.76 ± 0.07 in JCR + 20-SOLA, 0.84 ± 0.05 in JCR + 20-HEDGE vs. 0.11 ± 0.02 in JCR vs. 0.84 ± 0.03 in normal rats]. In JCR rats, elevated 20-HETE was associated with excessive expression of endothelial adhesion molecules and neutrophil infiltration, which were reversed by miR-145-Adv. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation of coronary arteries, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Ser1179 phosphorylation, eNOS-dependent NO·- production and endothelial cell survival were compromised in JCR rats. These parameters of endothelial dysfunction were completely reversed by 20-HETE antagonism or miR-145-Adv delivery, whereas neutrophil depletion resulted in partial reversal (~70%). We conclude that low miR-145 in MetS allows for increased 20-HETE, mainly from neutrophils, which compromises endothelial cell survival and function leading to impaired CCG. 20-HETE antagonists could provide viable therapy for restoration of CCG in MetS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Elevated 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) impairs coronary collateral growth (CCG) in metabolic syndrome by eliciting endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis via excessive neutrophil infiltration. 20-HETE antagonists completely restore coronary collateral growth in metabolic syndrome. microRNA-145 (miR-145) is an upstream regulator of 20-HETE production in metabolic syndrome; low expression of miR-145 in metabolic syndrome promotes elevated production of 20-HETE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Joseph
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Amanda Soler
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Rebecca Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Ian Hunter
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | | | - Brenda Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | | | - Houli Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; and
| | - Spencer Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York;
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29
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Diane A, Pierce WD, Kelly SE, Sokolik S, Borthwick F, Jacome-Sosa M, Mangat R, Pradillo JM, Allan SM, Ruth MR, Field CJ, Hutcheson R, Rocic P, Russell JC, Vine DF, Proctor SD. Mechanisms of Comorbidities Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome: Insights from the JCR:LA-cp Corpulent Rat Strain. Front Nutr 2016; 3:44. [PMID: 27777929 PMCID: PMC5056323 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2016.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its metabolic complications have emerged as the epidemic of the new millennia. The use of obese rodent models continues to be a productive component of efforts to understand the concomitant metabolic complications of this disease. In 1978, the JCR:LA-cp rat model was developed with an autosomal recessive corpulent (cp) trait resulting from a premature stop codon in the extracellular domain of the leptin receptor. Rats that are heterozygous for the cp trait are lean-prone, while those that are homozygous (cp/cp) spontaneously display the pathophysiology of obesity as well as a metabolic syndrome (MetS)-like phenotype. Over the years, there have been formidable scientific contributions that have originated from this rat model, much of which has been reviewed extensively up to 2008. The premise of these earlier studies focused on characterizing the pathophysiology of MetS-like phenotype that was spontaneously apparent in this model. The purpose of this review is to highlight areas of recent advancement made possible by this model including; emerging appreciation of the "thrifty gene" hypothesis in the context of obesity, the concept of how chronic inflammation may drive obesogenesis, the impact of acute forms of inflammation to the brain and periphery during chronic obesity, the role of dysfunctional insulin metabolism on lipid metabolism and vascular damage, and the mechanistic basis for altered vascular function as well as novel parallels between the human condition and the female JCR:LA-cp rat as a model for polycystic ovary disease (PCOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoulaye Diane
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - W. David Pierce
- Department of Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sandra E. Kelly
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sharon Sokolik
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Faye Borthwick
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Miriam Jacome-Sosa
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rabban Mangat
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Stuart McRae Allan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Megan R. Ruth
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine J. Field
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - James C. Russell
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Donna F. Vine
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Spencer D. Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Division of Human Nutrition, Alberta Diabetes and Mazakowski Heart Institutes, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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30
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Unthank JL, Sheridan KM, Dalsing MC. Collateral Growth in the Peripheral Circulation: A Review. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2016; 38:291-313. [PMID: 15306947 DOI: 10.1177/153857440403800401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arterial occlusive diseases are a major cause of morbidity and death in the United States. The enlargement of pre-existing vessels, which bypass the site of arterial occlusion, provide a natural way for the body to compensate for such obstructions. Individuals differ in their capacity to develop collateral vessels. In recent years much attention has been focused upon therapy to promote collateral development, primarily using individual growth factors. Such studies have had mixed results. Persistent controversies exist regarding the initiating stimuli, the processes involved in enlargement, the specific vessels that should be targeted, and the most appropriate terminology. Consequently, it is now recognized that more research is needed to extend our knowledge of the complex process of collateral growth. This basic science review addresses five questions essential in understanding current problems in collateral growth research and the development of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Unthank
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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31
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Konsola T, Siasos G, Antonopoulos AS, Kollia C, Oikonomou E, Tentolouris N, Gouliopoulos N, Vogiatzi G, Papamikroulis GA, Kassi E, Tousoulis D. The impact of T786C and G894T polymorphisms of eNOS on vascular endothelial growth factor serum levels in type 2 diabetes patients. Int J Cardiol 2016; 222:155-156. [PMID: 27494728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.07.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theodosia Konsola
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios S Antonopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Kollia
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Nicholas Tentolouris
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Gouliopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Vogiatzi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Eva Kassi
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
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32
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Ranjbar K, Nazem F, Nazari A, Gholami M, Nezami AR, Ardakanizade M, Sohrabi M, Ahmadvand H, Mottaghi M, Azizi Y. Synergistic effects of nitric oxide and exercise on revascularisation in the infarcted ventricle in a murine model of myocardial infarction. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 14:1104-15. [PMID: 26869868 PMCID: PMC4746998 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that density of microvessels decreases in the left ventricular after myocardial infarction (MI). The change of angiogenic and angiostatic factors as the main factors in revascularisation after exercise training in area at risk is not determined yet in MI. Therefore, the aim of the present study was the effect of exercise training and L-arginine supplementation on area at risk angiogenesis in myocardial infarction rat. Four weeks after surgery (Left Anterior Descending Coronary artery Ligation), myocardial infarction rats were divided into 4 groups: Sedentary rats (Sed-MI); L-arginine supplementation (La-MI); Exercise training (Ex-MI) and Exercise + L-arginine (Ex+La). Exercise training (ET) lasted for 10 weeks at 17 m/min for 10-50 min day(-1). Rats in the L-arginine-treated groups drank water containing 4 % L-arginine. After ET and L-arginine supplementation, ventricular function was evaluated and angiogenic and angiostatic indices were measured at ~1 mm from the edge of scar tissue (area at risk). Statistical analysis revealed that gene expression of VEGF as an angiogenic factor, angiostatin as an angiostatic factor and caspase-3 at area at risk decrease significantly in response to exercise training compared to the sedentary group. The capillary and arteriolar density in the Ex groups were significantly higher than those of the Sed groups. Compared to the Ex-MI group, the Ex+La group showed a markedly increase in capillary to fiber ratio. No significant differences were found in infarct size among the four groups, but cardiac function increased in response to exercise. Exercise training increases revascularization at area at risk by reduction of angiostatin. L-arginine supplementation causes additional effects on exercise-induced angiogenesis by preventing more reduction of VEGF gene expression in response to exercise. These improvements, in turn, increase left ventricular systolic function and decrease mortality in myocardial infarction rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Ranjbar
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Farzad Nazem
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Afshin Nazari
- Department of Physiology, Razi Herbal Medicine Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Gholami
- Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Nezami
- Department of cardiology, Shahid madani hospital, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Malihe Ardakanizade
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Maryam Sohrabi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hasan Ahmadvand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mottaghi
- Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Department of Physiology, Physiology research center, School of Medicine, Iran Universty of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Yue X, Lin X, Yang T, Yang X, Yi X, Jiang X, Li X, Li T, Guo J, Dai Y, Shi J, Wei L, Youker KA, Torre-Amione G, Yu Y, Andrade KC, Chang J. Rnd3/RhoE Modulates Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling by Stabilizing Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α and Regulates Responsive Cardiac Angiogenesis. Hypertension 2016; 67:597-605. [PMID: 26781283 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.06412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The insufficiency of compensatory angiogenesis in the heart of patients with hypertension contributes to heart failure transition. The hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-vascular endothelial growth factor (HIF1α-VEGF) signaling cascade controls responsive angiogenesis. One of the challenges in reprograming the insufficient angiogenesis is to achieve a sustainable tissue exposure to the proangiogenic factors, such as HIF1α stabilization. In this study, we identified Rnd3, a small Rho GTPase, as a proangiogenic factor participating in the regulation of the HIF1α-VEGF signaling cascade. Rnd3 physically interacted with and stabilized HIF1α, and consequently promoted VEGFA expression and endothelial cell tube formation. To demonstrate this proangiogenic role of Rnd3 in vivo, we generated Rnd3 knockout mice. Rnd3 haploinsufficient (Rnd3(+/-)) mice were viable, yet developed dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure after transverse aortic constriction stress. The poststress Rnd3(+/-) hearts showed significantly impaired angiogenesis and decreased HIF1α and VEGFA expression. The angiogenesis defect and heart failure phenotype were partially rescued by cobalt chloride treatment, a HIF1α stabilizer, confirming a critical role of Rnd3 in stress-responsive angiogenesis. Furthermore, we generated Rnd3 transgenic mice and demonstrated that Rnd3 overexpression in heart had a cardioprotective effect through reserved cardiac function and preserved responsive angiogenesis after pressure overload. Finally, we assessed the expression levels of Rnd3 in the human heart and detected significant downregulation of Rnd3 in patients with end-stage heart failure. We concluded that Rnd3 acted as a novel proangiogenic factor involved in cardiac responsive angiogenesis through HIF1α-VEGFA signaling promotion. Rnd3 downregulation observed in patients with heart failure may explain the insufficient compensatory angiogenesis involved in the transition to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Yue
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Xi Lin
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Tingli Yang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Xiangsheng Yang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Xin Yi
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Tianfa Li
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Junli Guo
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Yuan Dai
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Jianjian Shi
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Lei Wei
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Keith A Youker
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Guillermo Torre-Amione
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Yanhong Yu
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Kelsey C Andrade
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.)
| | - Jiang Chang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (X.Y., Y.Y.); Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Houston (X.Y., X.L., T.Y., X.Y., Y.D., K.C.A., J.C.); Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (X.Y., X.J., X.L.); Cardiovascular Disease and Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan, China (T.L., J.G.); Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (J.S., L.W.); and Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX (K.A.Y., G.T.-A.).
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Uchida C, Nwadozi E, Hasanee A, Olenich S, Olfert IM, Haas TL. Muscle-derived vascular endothelial growth factor regulates microvascular remodelling in response to increased shear stress in mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 214:349-60. [PMID: 25659833 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM The source of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) may influence vascular function. Exercise-induced vascular growth has been attributed to elevated metabolic demand and to increased blood flow, involving the production of VEGF-A by skeletal muscle and by endothelial cells respectively. We hypothesized that muscle-derived VEGF-A is not required for vascular adaptations to blood flow in skeletal muscle, as this remodelling stimulus originates within the capillary. METHODS Myocyte-specific VEGF-A (mVEGF(-/-) ) deleted mice were treated for 7-21 days with the vasodilator prazosin to produce a sustained increase in skeletal muscle blood flow. RESULTS Capillary number increased in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle in response to prazosin in wild type but not mVEGF(-/-) mice. Prazosin increased the number of smooth muscle actin-positive blood vessels in the EDL of wild-type but not mVEGF(-/-) mice. The average size of smooth muscle actin-positive blood vessels also was smaller in knockout mice after prazosin treatment. In response to prazosin treatment, VEGF-A mRNA was elevated within the EDL of wild-type but not mVEGF(-/-) mice. Ex vivo incubation of wild-type EDL with a nitric oxide donor increased VEGF-A mRNA. Likewise, we demonstrated that nitric oxide donor treatment of cultured myoblasts stimulated an increase in VEGF-A mRNA and protein. CONCLUSION These results suggest a link through which flow-mediated endothelial-derived signals may promote myocyte production of VEGF-A. In turn, myocyte-derived VEGF-A is required for appropriate flow-mediated microvascular remodelling. This highlights the importance of the local environment and paracrine interactions in the regulation of tissue perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Uchida
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science; Angiogenesis Research Group; York University; Toronto ON Canada
| | - E. Nwadozi
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science; Angiogenesis Research Group; York University; Toronto ON Canada
| | - A. Hasanee
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science; Angiogenesis Research Group; York University; Toronto ON Canada
| | - S. Olenich
- Division of Exercise Physiology & Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences; West Virginia University; Morgantown WV USA
| | - I. M. Olfert
- Division of Exercise Physiology & Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences; West Virginia University; Morgantown WV USA
| | - T. L. Haas
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science; Angiogenesis Research Group; York University; Toronto ON Canada
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Heinonen I, Sorop O, de Beer VJ, Duncker DJ, Merkus D. What can we learn about treating heart failure from the heart's response to acute exercise? Focus on the coronary microcirculation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:934-43. [PMID: 26048972 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00053.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary microvascular function and cardiac function are closely related in that proper cardiac function requires adequate oxygen delivery through the coronary microvasculature. Because of the close proximity of cardiomyocytes and coronary microvascular endothelium, cardiomyocytes not only communicate their metabolic needs to the coronary microvasculature, but endothelium-derived factors also directly modulate cardiac function. This review summarizes evidence that the myocardial oxygen balance is disturbed in the failing heart because of increased extravascular compressive forces and coronary microvascular dysfunction. The perturbations in myocardial oxygen balance are exaggerated during exercise and are due to alterations in neurohumoral influences, endothelial function, and oxidative stress. Although there is some evidence from animal studies that the myocardial oxygen balance can partly be restored by exercise training, it is largely unknown to what extent the beneficial effects of exercise training include improvements in endothelial function and/or oxidative stress in the coronary microvasculature and how these improvements are impacted by risk factors such as diabetes, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkka Heinonen
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Oana Sorop
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Vincent J de Beer
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Daphne Merkus
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and
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Bagi Z. Impaired coronary collateral growth: miR-shaken neutrophils caught in the act. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 308:H1321-2. [PMID: 25910807 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00274.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Bagi
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia
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Söğüt E, Kadı H, Karayakalı M, Mertoğlu C. The association of plasma vitamin A and E levels with coronary collateral circulation. Atherosclerosis 2015; 239:547-51. [PMID: 25728388 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if plasma levels of vitamin A and E have an association with coronary collateral development. METHODS A total of 189 patients who underwent coronary angiography and had total occlusion in at least one major epicardial coronary artery were enrolled in the study. To classify coronary collateral circulation (CCC), the Rentrop scoring system was used. Patients were classified as having poor CCC (Rentrop grades 0-1) or good CCC (Rentrop grades 2-3), and all patients were also screened for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and smoking history. RESULTS There were no differences in plasma vitamin A and E levels between the two groups (vitamin A: 2.37 ± 0.65 vs. 2.35 ± 0.78, p = 0.253; vitamin E: 47.1 ± 12.8 vs. 44.6 ± 15.1, p = 0.082), and plasma vitamin A and E levels were not associated with CCC. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels were significantly higher in patients with poor CCC (4.68 ± 2.52 vs. 3.89 ± 1.78, p = 0.001). The higher frequency of diabetes and higher serum hs-CRP levels were found to be an independent predictor for poor CCC (odds ratio = 2.44, p = 0.006; odds ratio = 1.24, p = 0.007, respectively). And a higher frequency of total occluded RCA was found to be a positive predictor for good CCC (odds ratio = 2.36, p = 0.06) in a multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS We found that serum hs-CRP levels, presence of diabetes, and total occlusion of RCA have an effect on coronary collateral development. We found no correlation between plasma vitamin A and E levels and CCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Söğüt
- Izmir Kâtip Çelebi University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Hasan Kadı
- Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Metin Karayakalı
- Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Cuma Mertoğlu
- Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Tokat, Turkey
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Logan SJ, Yin L, Geldenhuys WJ, Enrick MK, Stevanov KM, Carroll RT, Ohanyan VA, Kolz CL, Chilian WM. Novel thiazolidinedione mitoNEET ligand-1 acutely improves cardiac stem cell survival under oxidative stress. Basic Res Cardiol 2015; 110:19. [PMID: 25725808 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-015-0471-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, and regenerative therapies through exogenous stem cell delivery hold promising potential. One limitation of such therapies is the vulnerability of stem cells to the oxidative environment associated with IHD. Accordingly, manipulation of stem cell mitochondrial metabolism may be an effective strategy to improve survival of stem cells under oxidative stress. MitoNEET is a redox-sensitive, mitochondrial target of thiazolidinediones (TZDs), and influences cellular oxidative capacity. Pharmacological targeting of mitoNEET with the novel TZD, mitoNEET Ligand-1 (NL-1), improved cardiac stem cell (CSC) survival compared to vehicle (0.1% DMSO) during in vitro oxidative stress (H2O2). 10 μM NL-1 also reduced CSC maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) compared to vehicle. Following treatment with dexamethasone, CSC maximal OCR increased compared to baseline, but NL-1 prevented this effect. Smooth muscle α-actin expression increased significantly in CSC following differentiation compared to baseline, irrespective of NL-1 treatment. When CSCs were treated with glucose oxidase for 7 days, NL-1 significantly improved cell survival compared to vehicle (trypan blue exclusion). NL-1 treatment of cells isolated from mitoNEET knockout mice did not increase CSC survival with H2O2 treatment. Following intramyocardial injection of CSCs into Zucker obese fatty rats, NL-1 significantly improved CSC survival after 24 h, but not after 10 days. These data suggest that pharmacological targeting of mitoNEET with TZDs may acutely protect stem cells following transplantation into an oxidative environment. Continued treatment or manipulation of mitochondrial metabolism may be necessary to produce long-term benefits related to stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanna J Logan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Rt. 44, Rootstown, OH, 44272, USA
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Cardiac function in a long-term follow-up study of moderate and severe porcine model of chronic myocardial infarction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:209315. [PMID: 25802838 PMCID: PMC4352740 DOI: 10.1155/2015/209315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel therapies need to be evaluated in a relevant large animal model that mimics the clinical course and treatment in a reasonable time frame. To reliably assess therapeutic efficacy, knowledge regarding the translational model and the course of disease is needed. METHODS Landrace pigs were subjected to a transient occlusion of the proximal left circumflex artery (LCx) (n = 6) or mid-left anterior descending artery (LAD) (n = 6) for 150 min. Cardiac function was evaluated before by 2D echocardiography or 3D echocardiography and pressure-volume loop analysis. At 12 weeks of follow-up the heart was excised for histological analysis and infarct size calculations. RESULTS Directly following AMI, LVEF was severely reduced compared to baseline in the LAD group (-17.1 ± 1.6%, P = 0.009) compared to only a moderate reduction in the LCx group (-5.9 ± 1.5%, P = 0.02) and this effect remained unchanged during 12 weeks of follow-up. CONCLUSION Two models of chronic MI, representative for different patient groups, can reproducibly be created through clinically relevant ischemia-reperfusion of the mid-LAD and proximal LCx.
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van Hout G, Jansen of Lorkeers S, Wever K, Sena E, van Solinge W, Doevendans P, Pasterkamp G, Chamuleau S, Hoefer I. Anti-inflammatory compounds to reduce infarct size in large-animal models of myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ebm2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G.P.J. van Hout
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | | | - K.E. Wever
- Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; Nijmegen the Netherlands
| | - E.S. Sena
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | - W.W. van Solinge
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - P.A. Doevendans
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - G. Pasterkamp
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - S.A.J. Chamuleau
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - I.E. Hoefer
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht the Netherlands
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Veeranki S, Tyagi SC. Mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia induced skeletal muscle myopathy after ischemia in the CBS-/+ mouse model. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:1252-65. [PMID: 25608649 PMCID: PMC4307302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16011252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) elicits lower than normal body weights and skeletal muscle weakness, the mechanisms remain unclear. Despite the fact that HHcy-mediated enhancement in ROS and consequent damage to regulators of different cellular processes is relatively well established in other organs, the nature of such events is unknown in skeletal muscles. Previously, we reported that HHcy attenuation of PGC-1α and HIF-1α levels enhanced the likelihood of muscle atrophy and declined function after ischemia. In the current study, we examined muscle levels of homocysteine (Hcy) metabolizing enzymes, anti-oxidant capacity and focused on protein modifications that might compromise PGC-1α function during ischemic angiogenesis. Although skeletal muscles express the key enzyme (MTHFR) that participates in re-methylation of Hcy into methionine, lack of trans-sulfuration enzymes (CBS and CSE) make skeletal muscles more susceptible to the HHcy-induced myopathy. Our study indicates that elevated Hcy levels in the CBS-/+ mouse skeletal muscles caused diminished anti-oxidant capacity and contributed to enhanced total protein as well as PGC-1α specific nitrotyrosylation after ischemia. Furthermore, in the presence of NO donor SNP, either homocysteine (Hcy) or its cyclized version, Hcy thiolactone, not only increased PGC-1α specific protein nitrotyrosylation but also reduced its association with PPARγ in C2C12 cells. Altogether these results suggest that HHcy exerts its myopathic effects via reduction of the PGC-1/PPARγ axis after ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Veeranki
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Effects of intravitreal injection of bevacizumab on nitric oxide levels. Eye (Lond) 2014; 29:436-42. [PMID: 25523201 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2014.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the possible effects of single-dose intravitreal bevacizumab on nitric oxide (NO) levels in serum and remote organs and to reveal one of the possible mechanisms in the pathophysiology of hypertension. METHODS Thirty-eight adult New Zealand albino rabbits were divided into a control group (no injection was performed, killed on day 28 of the study), group 1 (killed on day 1 of the study), group 2 (killed on day 7 of the study), group 3 (killed on day 14 of the study), and group 4 (killed on day 28 of the study). The right eyes of the animals in groups 1-4 received an intravitreal single injection of 1.25 mg (0.05 ml) bevacizumab (Avastin), and their brain, heart, liver, kidney, and blood samples were collected. NO levels were evaluated in the serum and organ homogenates. Kidney tissues were assessed by electron microscopy. RESULTS Serum, brain, kidney, and liver NO levels significantly decreased in groups 2, 3, and 4 as compared with the control group (P<0.05). In addition, heart NO levels significantly decreased in groups 3 and 4 compared with the control group (P<0.05). There were no electron microscopic changes in the kidneys of either group. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab decreased NO levels in serum, brain, heart, liver, and kidneys. In addition, there were no electron microscopic changes in the kidneys.
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Akboga MK, Akyel A, Sahinarslan A, Demirtas CY, Yayla C, Boyaci B, Yalcin R. Relationship between plasma apelin level and coronary collateral circulation. Atherosclerosis 2014; 235:289-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Leavesley SJ, Ledkins W, Rocic P. A device for performing automated balloon catheter inflation ischemia studies. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95823. [PMID: 24769885 PMCID: PMC4000226 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary collateral growth (arteriogenesis) is a physiological adaptive response to transient and repetitive occlusion of major coronary arteries in which small arterioles (native collaterals) with minimal to no blood flow remodel into larger conduit arteries capable of supplying adequate perfusion to tissue distal to the site of occlusion. The ability to reliably and reproducibly mimic transient, repetitive coronary artery occlusion (ischemia) in animal models is critical to the development of therapies to restore coronary collateral development in type II diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Current animal models for repetitive coronary artery occlusion implement a pneumatic occluder (balloon) that is secured onto the surface of the heart with the suture, which is inflated manually, via a catheter connected to syringe, to effect occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). This method, although effective, presents complications in terms of reproducibility and practicality. To address these limitations, we have designed a device for automated, transient inflation of balloon catheters in coronary artery occlusion models. This device allows repeated, consistent inflation (to either specified pressure or volume) and the capability for implementing very complex, month-long protocols. This system has significantly increased the reproducibility of coronary collateral growth studies in our laboratory, resulting in a significant decrease in the numbers of animals needed to complete each study while relieving laboratory personnel from the burden of extra working hours and enabling us to continue studies over periods when we previously could not. In this paper, we present all details necessary for construction and operation of the inflator. In addition, all of the components for this device are commercially available and economical (Table S1). It is our hope that the adoption of automated balloon catheter inflation protocols will improve the experimental reliability of transient ischemia studies at many research institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silas J. Leavesley
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Pharmacology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Whitley Ledkins
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Petra Rocic
- Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, United States of America
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Predictors of coronary collaterals in patients with non ST-elevated acute coronary syndrome: the paradox of the leukocytes. Cent Eur J Immunol 2014; 39:83-90. [PMID: 26155105 PMCID: PMC4439991 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2014.42130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study Atherosclerosis represents active inflammation in which leukocytes play significant role. Coronary collateral development is a response to myocardial ischaemia. In this study we aimed to investigate the association of the leukocytes with coronary collateral development in patients with non ST-elevated acute coronary syndromes (NST-ACS). Material and methods A total of 251 consecutive patients were hospitalized in our hospital with a diagnosis of NST-ACS. The blood samples were collected 1-hour after admission to the hospital and peripheral leukocytes (neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes) were examined. All patients underwent coronary angiography. The coronary collateral vessels (CCV) are graded according to the Rentrop scoring system. Results Group 1 consisted of 146 patients with Rentrop 0 and Group 2 consisted of 105 patients with Rentrop 1, 2 and 3. The presence of CCV was significantly associated with neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). In subgroup analyses, higher NLR was significantly associated with good CCV development in patients with NST-ACS. Conclusions Higher neutrophil count, monocyte count and NLR and lower lymphocyte count on admission, were associated with the presence of CCV in patients with NST-ACS. High NLR may predict good collateral development in patients with NST-ACS.
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Akın F, Ayça B, Çelik Ö, Şahin C. Predictors of poor coronary collateral development in patients with stable coronary artery disease: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelets. Anatol J Cardiol 2014; 15:218-23. [PMID: 25880175 PMCID: PMC5337058 DOI: 10.5152/akd.2014.5263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The heterogeneity in the degree of collateralization among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains incompletely understood. We evaluated the predictors of poorly developed coronary collateral circulation (CCC) in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Methods: Current study is a retrospective study, consisting of 118 patients with poor CCC and 130 patients with good CCC. We investigated predictors of poor coronary collaterals in a cohort of 248 patients who had high-grade coronary stenosis or occlusion on their angiograms. To classify CCC, we used the Rentrop classification. Results: Patients with poorly developed CCC had significantly higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (N/L) compared with those with well-developed CCC, (4.2±2.8 vs. 3±3.1, p=0.001), whereas mean platelet volume, red cell distribution width and uric acid were not significantly different. Logistic regression analysis showed that N/L ratio (odds ratio 1.199, 95% confidence interval 1.045-1.375) and serum triglyceride levels [odds ratio (OR)=1.006, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.001-1.010] were independent predictors of poorly developed CCC. Conclusion: An elevated level of N/L ratio is independently associated with a significant impairment in coronary collateralization. Our findings suggest that N/L ratio is an inexpensive, universally available hematological marker for sufficiency of CCC in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Akın
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University; Muğla-Turkey.
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Goetzenich A, Hatam N, Preuss S, Moza A, Bleilevens C, Roehl AB, Autschbach R, Bernhagen J, Stoppe C. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor in late-phase preconditioning with xenon, isoflurane and levosimendan in rat cardiomyocytes. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013; 18:321-8. [PMID: 24351506 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The protective effects of late-phase preconditioning can be triggered by several stimuli. Unfortunately, the transfer from bench to bedside still represents a challenge, as concomitant medication or diseases influence the complex signalling pathways involved. In an established model of primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, we analysed the cardioprotective effects of three different stimulating pharmaceuticals of clinical relevance. The effect of additional β-blocker treatment was studied as these were previously shown to negatively influence preconditioning. METHODS Twenty-four hours prior to hypoxia, cells pre-treated with or without metoprolol (0.55 µg/ml) were preconditioned with isoflurane, levosimendan or xenon. The influences of these stimuli on hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as inducible and endothelial nitric synthase (iNOS/eNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were analysed by polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The preconditioning was proved by trypan blue cell counts following 5 h of hypoxia and confirmed by fluorescence staining. RESULTS Five hours of hypoxia reduced cell survival in unpreconditioned control cells to 44 ± 4%. Surviving cell count was significantly higher in cells preconditioned either by 2 × 15 min isoflurane (70 ± 16%; P = 0.005) or by xenon (59 ± 8%; P = 0.049). Xenon-preconditioned cells showed a significantly elevated content of VEGF (0.025 ± 0.010 IDV [integrated density values when compared with GAPDH] vs 0.003 ± 0.006 IDV in controls; P = 0.0003). The protein expression of HIF-1α was increased both by levosimendan (0.563 ± 0.175 IDV vs 0.142 ± 0.042 IDV in controls; P = 0.0289) and by xenon (0.868 ± 0.222 IDV; P < 0.0001) pretreatment. A significant elevation of mRNA expression of iNOS was measureable following preconditioning by xenon but not by the other chosen stimuli. eNOS mRNA expression was found to be suppressed by β-blocker treatment for all stimuli. In our model, independently of the chosen stimulus, β-blocker treatment had no significant effect on cell survival. CONCLUSIONS We found that the stimulation of late-phase preconditioning involves several distinct pathways that are variably addressed by the different stimuli. In contrast to isoflurane treatment, xenon-induced preconditioning does not lead to an increase in COX-2 gene transcription but to a significant increase in HIF-1α and subsequently VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Goetzenich
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Silvestre JS, Smadja DM, Lévy BI. Postischemic revascularization: from cellular and molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. Physiol Rev 2013; 93:1743-802. [PMID: 24137021 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00006.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After the onset of ischemia, cardiac or skeletal muscle undergoes a continuum of molecular, cellular, and extracellular responses that determine the function and the remodeling of the ischemic tissue. Hypoxia-related pathways, immunoinflammatory balance, circulating or local vascular progenitor cells, as well as changes in hemodynamical forces within vascular wall trigger all the processes regulating vascular homeostasis, including vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, and collateral growth, which act in concert to establish a functional vascular network in ischemic zones. In patients with ischemic diseases, most of the cellular (mainly those involving bone marrow-derived cells and local stem/progenitor cells) and molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of vessel growth and vascular remodeling are markedly impaired by the deleterious microenvironment characterized by fibrosis, inflammation, hypoperfusion, and inhibition of endogenous angiogenic and regenerative programs. Furthermore, cardiovascular risk factors, including diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, and aging, constitute a deleterious macroenvironment that participates to the abrogation of postischemic revascularization and tissue regeneration observed in these patient populations. Thus stimulation of vessel growth and/or remodeling has emerged as a new therapeutic option in patients with ischemic diseases. Many strategies of therapeutic revascularization, based on the administration of growth factors or stem/progenitor cells from diverse sources, have been proposed and are currently tested in patients with peripheral arterial disease or cardiac diseases. This review provides an overview from our current knowledge regarding molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in postischemic revascularization, as well as advances in the clinical application of such strategies of therapeutic revascularization.
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Pung YF, Sam WJ, Hardwick JP, Yin L, Ohanyan V, Logan S, Di Vincenzo L, Chilian WM. The role of mitochondrial bioenergetics and reactive oxygen species in coronary collateral growth. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 305:H1275-80. [PMID: 23997092 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00077.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Coronary collateral growth is a process involving coordination between growth factors expressed in response to ischemia and mechanical forces. Underlying this response is proliferation of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, resulting in an enlargement in the caliber of arterial-arterial anastomoses, i.e., a collateral vessel, sometimes as much as an order of magnitude. An integral element of this cell proliferation is the process known as phenotypic switching in which cells of a particular phenotype, e.g., contractile vascular smooth muscle, must change their phenotype to proliferate. Phenotypic switching requires that protein synthesis occurs and different kinase signaling pathways become activated, necessitating energy to make the switch. Moreover, kinases, using ATP to phosphorylate their targets, have an energy requirement themselves. Mitochondria play a key role in the energy production that enables phenotypic switching, but under conditions where mitochondrial energy production is constrained, e.g., mitochondrial oxidative stress, this switch is impaired. In addition, we discuss the potential importance of uncoupling proteins as modulators of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and bioenergetics, as well as the role of AMP kinase as an energy sensor upstream of mammalian target of rapamycin, the master regulator of protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuh Fen Pung
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
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