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Johnson KL, Meyers JS, Mortensen GN, Steege JR, Mara KC, Brinkman NJ. Remimazolam: A Retrospective Study of Initial Safety and Recovery Data in Diverse Procedural Sedation. Clin Ther 2024; 46:90-95. [PMID: 38071132 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The new ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine, remimazolam, offers a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic advantage over commonly used procedural sedation medication. This retrospective study explored the real-world utilization of remimazolam during procedural sedation to support the development of a nurse sedation protocol. The primary outcome was to identify associations between recovery time, adverse reactions, and dose-response in expanded patient populations. METHODS This study reviewed charts of 292 adult patients from 3 hospitals within one institution who received remimazolam during procedural sedation between June 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021. Data were analyzed using logistic and linear regression. FINDINGS The median time to alert in patients receiving remimazolam alone was 12 minutes (interquartile range 10, 17) and increased when additional sedation medications were utilized. Receiving additional sedative medication significantly increased the odds of hypoxia (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.30-5.91, P = 0.008) after adjusting for body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA-PS), and total remimazolam dose. There was a 25% increase in odds of experiencing hypoxia for every 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI (95% CI 1.01-1.54, P = 0.037). IMPLICATIONS Remimazolam presents as a promising option for nurse procedural sedation, offering minimal impact on hemodynamics and respirations, quick recovery, and no residual sedative effects.
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Kinoshita I, Kawata R, Higashino M, Terada T, Haginomori SI, Tochizawa T. Tumor localization is the important factor for recovery time of postoperative facial nerve paralysis in benign parotid surgery. Auris Nasus Larynx 2024; 51:214-220. [PMID: 37482432 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Facial nerve paralysis is the most problematic complication of surgery for parotid tumors. This study aimed to examine the progress of recovery from postoperative transient facial nerve paralysis (POFNP). METHODS Participants were 203 patients who developed POFNP after benign parotid surgery. A Kaplan-Meier showed the progress of recovery from paralysis. Factors involved in recovery were examined. For factors for which a significant difference was found, recovery from paralysis was examined over time. RESULTS Rates of recovery from paralysis were as follows: 28.6% of patients at 1 month, 58.3% at 3 months, 85.9% at 6 months, and 95.1% at 12 months after surgery. Deep lobe tumors were shown to be significantly associated with delayed recovery from paralysis. The relationship between tumor location and the time of recovery from was that deep lobe tumors had a significantly worse recovery from paralysis at 4 and 5 months after surgery. CONCLUSION Patients who develop POFNP must be informed about the progress of recovery and factors involved in recovery from paralysis. We believe that the results of the present study are a useful reference to that end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichita Kinoshita
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Ryo Kawata
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaaki Higashino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Terada
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Haginomori
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tochizawa
- Institutional Research Office, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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Arocena P, García-Carrizosa LM. Determinants of the duration of sick leave due to occupational injuries: Evidence from Spanish manufacturing. J Safety Res 2023; 86:311-317. [PMID: 37718059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the significant economic impact of occupational injuries on companies and society, studies focused on analyzing the determinants of workdays lost due to sick leave remain scarce and incomplete. This paper contributes to this issue by (a) analyzing the drivers of sick leave duration, distinguishing factors that explain the health recovery time from those that could lead workers to a voluntary extension of the absence period, and (b) formulating and empirically testing the effect of gender, citizenship, temporary work, job tenure, amount of disability benefit, and size of the injured worker's firm on the number of days the employee is off work after the injury. METHOD Hypotheses are tested on a comprehensive dataset that includes all nonfatal occupational injuries causing sick leave that occurred in the manufacturing sector in Spain during 2015-2019, with more than 400,000 injuries. We conduct ordinary least squares and count data regression models in which the number of days off work is regressed on employees and work characteristics while accounting for a set of variables to control the injury's nature and severity. RESULTS The results show that after considering the intrinsic characteristics of the injury and the severity of the worker's injuries, women, native workers, workers with more seniority, workers with higher salaries, and those working in larger companies have longer periods of sick leave. The results suggest that moral hazard considerations significantly impact the time to return to work after an occupational injury. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Based on the findings, several insights for company managers and public decision-makers are discussed. Specifically, interventions aimed at improving the organization of work and the working conditions of workers in manufacturing industries are highlighted, as well as the need to improve control and supervision mechanisms during the recovery process of injured workers.
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Khan MI, Ashfaq M, Majid A, Noor L, Alarfaji SS. Adsorption of industry affiliated gases on buckled aluminene for gas sensing applications. J Mol Model 2023; 29:267. [PMID: 37526756 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION First-principles calculations were used to study the adsorption behavior of environmentally significant gases CO, CO2, NO, NO2, SO, and SO2 on pure buckled aluminene (b-Al) for gas sensing applications. Therefore, structural, electronic, and adsorption properties including adsorption energy values and recovery time have been calculated and discussed. METHODS All the structures were optimized using Amsterdam Density Functional (ADF) code BAND. In addition, triple zeta polarization basis with slater-type orbitals were utilized. RESULTS For every gas analyzed, we observed favorable adsorption energy values and charge transfer occurring between the gas molecule and b-Al. In the valance band, there was a strong hybridization between the p orbitals of gas and b-Al, this led to enhanced conductivity in the density of states (DOS). The recovery time suggested that the adsorption of NO, NO2, SO, and SO2 gases on b-Al is good for the application of reversible gas sensors. The recovery time indicated that the b-Al material is very sensitive to NO, NO2, SO, and SO2 gas molecules. CONCLUSION The conclusion in light of all these results is that b-Al based materials can appear as a probable candidate for high gas sensing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Isa Khan
- Institute of Physics, Baghdad ul Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
- Department of Physics, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
| | - Momina Ashfaq
- Department of Physics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Majid
- Department of Physics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Laraib Noor
- Faculty of Allied health sciences Ripah University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saleh S Alarfaji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
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Abebe A, Simachew Y, Delbiso TD. Effect of ready-to-use therapeutic foods on time to recovery among children with severe acute malnutrition in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:340. [PMID: 37407934 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic feeding unit (TFU) provides comprehensive inpatient clinical care for children suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in three stages: stabilization, transition, and rehabilitation. During the transitional and rehabilitation phases, children receive either F-100 or ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF). Although both promote weight gain, RUTF is more energy dense than F-100. There is limited and contrasting evidence regarding their effect on recovery time. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of RUTF on time to recovery among SAM children aged 6-59 months admitted to the TFU in Ethiopia. METHODS Health Facility-based prospective cohort study was conducted among 476 children treated in three hospitals and four health centers in the Sidama region from September 2021 to January 2022. A structured questionnaire adopted from the Ethiopian national protocol for the management of SAM was used for data collection. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. The Kaplan-Meir curve and log-rank test were used to compare time to recovery between children who received RUTF and F-100. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis was conducted to assess the association between time to recovery and the type of therapeutic food, controlling for the confounding variables. RESULTS The median recovery time was significantly shorter in children receiving RUTF (7 days; 95% CI: 6.62-7.38) compared to F-100 (10 days; 95% CI: 8.94-11.06). Children below 24 months (AHR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.42-0.69), dehydrated (AHR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07-1.75), edematous malnutrition (AHR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03-1.61), and anemic (AHR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.90-3.48) during admission were associated with time to recovery. CONCLUSIONS Children who received RUTF recovered faster than children who received F-100. Administering RUTF to children below 24 months, who present with anemia and dehydration can improve their recovery rate and shorten their stay in the health facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsema Abebe
- Department of Public Health Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Yilkal Simachew
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Tefera Darge Delbiso
- Department of Public Health Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Mian SA, Hussain A, Basit A, Rahman G, Ahmed E, Jang J. Molecular modeling and simulation of transition metal-doped molybdenum disulfide biomarkers in exhaled gases for early detection of lung cancer. J Mol Model 2023; 29:225. [PMID: 37402994 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05638-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath of lung cancer patients is the only available source for detecting the disease at its initial stage. Exhaled breath analysis depends purely on the performance of the biosensors. The interaction between VOCs and pristine MoS2 is repulsive in nature. Therefore, modifying MoS2 via surficial adsorption of the transition metal nickel is of prime importance. The surficial interaction of six VOCs with Ni-doped MoS2 led to substantial variations in the structural and optoelectronic properties compared to those of the pristine monolayer. The remarkable improvement in the conductivity, thermostability, good sensing response, and recovery time of the sensor exposed to six VOCs revealed that a Ni-doped MoS2 exhibits impressive properties for the detection of exhaled gases. Different temperatures have a significant impact on the recovery time. Humidity has no effect on the detection of exhaled gases upon exposure to VOCs. The obtained results may encourage the use of exhaled breath sensors by experimentalists and oncologists to enable potential advancements in lung cancer detection. METHODS The surface adsorption of transition metal and its interaction with volatile organic compounds on a MoS2 surface was studied by using Spanish Initiative for Electronic Simulations with Thousands of Atoms (SIESTA). The pseudopotentials used in the SIESTA calculations are norm-conserving in their fully nonlocal forms. The atomic orbitals with finite support were used as a basis set, allowing unlimited multiple-zeta and angular momenta, polarization, and off-site orbitals. These basis sets are the key for calculating the Hamiltonian and overlap matrices in O(N) operations. The present hybrid density functional theory (DFT) is a combination of PW92 and RPBE methods. Additionally, the DFT+U approach was employed to accurately ascertain the coulombic repulsion in the transition elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akbar Hussain
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Basit
- Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Gul Rahman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Joonkyung Jang
- Department of Nano Energy Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Liu T, Zhang X, Li A, Liu T, Yang X, Zhang H, Lei Y, Yang Q, Dong H. Effects of intra-operative administration of subanesthetic s-ketamine on emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. BMC Anesthesiol 2023; 23:221. [PMID: 37353750 PMCID: PMC10288804 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-023-02170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ketamine is administered in the perioperative period for its benefits in analgesia, anti-agitation and anti-depression when administered at a small dose. However, it is not clear whether the intra-operative administration of ketamine would affect emergence under sevoflurane anesthesia. To investigate this effect, we designed this trial. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we enrolled 44 female patients aged 18-60 who were scheduled to elective laparoscopic gynecological surgeries. All patients were randomly assigned to saline or s-ketamine group. In s-ketamine group, patients received 0.125 mg/kg s-ketamine 30 min after the start of surgery. In saline group, patients were administered the same volume of saline. Sevoflurane and remifentanil were used to maintain general anesthesia. The primary outcome was emergence time. We also assessed postoperative agitation, cognitive function, and delirium. In addition, we collected and analyzed prefrontal electroencephalogram (EEG) during and after general anesthesia. RESULTS There were no significant differences in emergence time between s-ketamine group and saline group (10.80 ± 3.77 min vs. 10.00 ± 2.78 min, P = 0.457). Neither postoperative agitation (4 [3, 4] vs. 4 [3, 4], P = 0.835) nor cognitive function (25.84 ± 2.69 vs. 25.55 ± 2.19, P = 0.412) differed between groups. No postoperative delirium was observed in either group. Subanesthetic s-ketamine resulted in active EEG with decreased power of slow (-0.35 ± 1.13 dB vs. -1.63 ± 1.03 dB, P = 0.003), delta (-0.22 ± 1.11 dB vs. -1.32 ± 1.09 dB, P = 0.011) and alpha (-0.31 ± 0.71 dB vs. -1.71 ± 1.34 dB, P = 0.0003) waves and increased power of beta-gamma bands (-0.30 ± 0.89 dB vs. 4.20 ± 2.08 dB, P < 0.0001) during sevoflurane anesthesia, as well as an increased alpha peak frequency (-0.16 ± 0.48 Hz vs. 0.31 ± 0.73 Hz, P = 0.026). EEG patterns did not differ during the recovery period after emergence between groups. CONCLUSION Ketamine administered during sevoflurane anesthesia had no apparent influence on emergence time in young and middle-aged female patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Subanesthetic s-ketamine induced an active prefrontal EEG pattern during sevoflurane anesthesia but did not raise neurological side effects after surgery. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100046479 (date: 16/05/2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yanling Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Qianzi Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Hailong Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Joseph FI, Falade A, Earland J. Time to recovery and its predictors among children 6-59 months with acute malnutrition admitted to community inpatient therapeutic feeding centers in Katsina State, Northwest Nigeria: a retrospective review of health records (2010-2016). J Health Popul Nutr 2023; 42:10. [PMID: 36800992 PMCID: PMC9936680 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among children under five years of age remains a huge public health and economic burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated time to recovery and its predictors among children aged 6 to 59 months admitted into Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) stabilisation centres for complicated severe acute malnutrition and whether the outcomes met the minimum Sphere standards. METHODS The study was a retrospective cross sectional quantitative review of data recorded in six CMAM stabilization centres registers in four Local Government Areas, Katsina state, Nigeria from September 2010 to November 2016. Records of 6925 children, aged 6-59 months with complicated SAM were reviewed. Descriptive analysis was used to compare performance indicators with Sphere project reference standards. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to estimate the predictors of recovery rate at p < 0.05 and Kaplan-Meier curve to predict the probability of surviving different forms of SAM. RESULTS Marasmus was the most common form of severe acute malnutrition (86%). Overall, the outcomes met the minimum sphere standards for inpatient management of SAM. Children with oedematous SAM (13.9%) had the lowest survival rate on Kaplan-Meier graph. The mortality rate was significantly higher during the 'lean season'-May to August (Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) = 0.491, 95% CI = 0.288-0.838). MUAC at Exit (AHR = 0.521, 95% CI = 0.306-0.890), marasmus (AHR = 2.144, 95% CI = 1.079-4.260), transfers from OTP (AHR = 1.105, 95% CI = 0.558-2.190) and average weight gain (AHR = 0.239, 95% CI = 0.169-0.340) were found to be significant predictors of time-to-recovery with p values < 0.05. CONCLUSION The study showed that, despite a high turnover of complicated SAM cases in the stabilization centres, the community approach to inpatient management of acute malnutrition enabled early detection and reduced delays in access to care of complicated SAM cases. In the face of health workforce shortage in rural communities to provide pediatric specialist care for SAM children, we recommend task shifting to community health care workers through in service training could bridge the gap and save more lives of children dying from the complication of SAM in rural communities in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friday Ilop Joseph
- Department of Paediatrics, Federal Teaching Hospital, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria.
| | - Adewale Falade
- Department of Public Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Jane Earland
- Department of Public Health and Policy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Kovács Z, D’Agostino DP, Ari C. Ketone supplementation abolished isoflurane anesthesia-induced elevation in blood glucose level and increased recovery time from anesthesia in Wistar Albino Glaxo Rijswijk rats. BMC Anesthesiol 2023; 23:43. [PMID: 36750771 PMCID: PMC9903607 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-023-02000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been suggested that administration of exogenous ketone supplements (EKSs) not only increases blood ketone body levels but also decreases blood glucose level and modulates isoflurane-induced anesthesia in different rodents, such as Wistar Albino Glaxo Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rats. Thus, we investigated whether administration of EKSs can modulate the isoflurane anesthesia-generated increase in blood glucose level and the time required to recover from isoflurane-induced anesthesia. METHODS To investigate the effect of EKSs on isoflurane anesthesia-induced changes in blood glucose and R-β-hydroxybutyrate (R-βHB) level as well as recovery time from anesthesia, we used KEMCT (mix of ketone ester/KE and medium chain triglyceride/MCT oil in a 1:1 ratio) in WAG/Rij rats. First, to accustom the animals to the method, water gavage was carried out for 5 days (adaptation period). After adaptation period, rats of first group (group 1) were gavaged by water (3 g/kg), whereas, in the case of second group (group 2), the diet of animals was supplemented by KEMCT (3 g/kg, gavage) once per day for 7 days. One hour after the last gavage, isoflurane (3%) anesthesia was induced for 20 min (group 1 and group 2) and the time required for recovery from anesthesia was measured by using righting reflex. Subsequently, blood levels of both R-βHB and glucose were also evaluated. Changes in blood glucose and R-βHB levels were compared to control, which control glucose and R-βHB levels were measured on the last day of the adaptation period (group 1 and group 2). Time required for recovery from isoflurane anesthesia, which was detected after 7th KEMCT gavage (group 2), was compared to recovery time measured after 7th water gavage (group 1). RESULTS The KEMCT maintained the normal glucose level under isoflurane anesthesia-evoked circumstances preventing the glucose level elevating effect of isoflurane. Thus, we demonstrated that administration of KEMCT not only increased blood level of R-βHB but also abolished the isoflurane anesthesia-generated increase in blood glucose level. Moreover, the time required for recovery from isoflurane-evoked anesthesia increased significantly in KEMCT treated animals. CONCLUSIONS Putative influence of elevated blood ketone body level on isoflurane-evoked effects, such as modulation of blood glucose level and recovery time from anesthesia, should be considered by anesthesiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Kovács
- grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276Savaria Department of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Savaria University Centre, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Dominic P. D’Agostino
- Ketone Technologies LLC, Tampa, FL USA ,grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Laboratory of Metabolic Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA ,Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Ocala, FL USA
| | - Csilla Ari
- Ketone Technologies LLC, Tampa, FL, USA. .,Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Laboratory, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, PCD 3127, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Kadhim MM, Rheima AM, Hachim SK, Abdullaha SAH, Taban TZ, Malik SA. Theoretical Sensing Performance for Detection of Cyclophosphamide Drug by Using Aluminum Carbide (C 3Al) Monolayer: a DFT Study. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-022-04305-9. [PMID: 36656537 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Because nanomaterials are highly reactive and electronically sensitive towards a variety of drug molecules, they are thought of as efficient drug sensors. In the present research study, an aluminum carbide (C3Al) monolayer is employed and its interaction is examined with cyclophosphamide (CP) by performing DFT computations. The C3Al monolayer is highly reactive and sensitive towards CP according to the computations. CP interacts with the C3Al monolayer with the adsorption energy of -31.39 kcal/mol. A considerable charge transfer (CT) indicates an enhancement in the conductivity. Also, the charge density is explained based on the electron density differences (EDD). The decrease in CP/C3Al energy gap (Eg) by approximately 52.91% is due to the remarkable effect of adsorption on the LUMO and the HOMO levels. Therefore, due to the decrease in Eg which can generate an electrical signal, the electrical conductivity is considerably increased. These results suggest that the C3Al monolayer can be employed as a proper electronic drug sensor for CP. Also, the recovery time for the desorption process of CP form the surface of C3Al is 351 s at 598 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa M Kadhim
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, 10022, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Mahdi Rheima
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Safa K Hachim
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq.,Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Taleeb Zedan Taban
- Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Department, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit, Iraq.
| | - Samir Azzat Malik
- Pharmacy Department, Al- Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Hilla, Iraq
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Singh A, Iyer KV, Maitra S, Khanna P, Sarkar S, Ahuja V, Aravindan A, Datta PK, Ganesh V. Ketamine and dexmedetomidine (Keto-dex) or ketamine and propofol (Keto-fol) for procedural sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: Which is safer? A randomized clinical trial. Indian J Gastroenterol 2022; 41:583-590. [PMID: 36576697 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-022-01291-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimum procedural sedation is very essential for conducting non-operating room procedures such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The combination of ketamine and dexmedetomidine (KD) is expected to balance out the undesirable effects of either drug and provide smooth sedation. Together ketamine and propofol (KP) also provide synergistic sedation with stable hemodynamics. This prospective, single-blinded randomized study aimed to compare the effect of both the combinations during ERCP in terms of oxygen desaturation, respiratory depression, hemodynamic parameters, analgesia, recovery time, and ease with which the endoscopist could perform the endoscopy. METHODS This prospective, single-blinded randomized study (CTRI/2019/08/020625) was conducted on 84, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status I or II patients, of age 18-65 years presenting for ERCP in a tertiary care center. They were randomized to receive either KD (n=42) or KP (n=42) combination during ERCP. Mean SPO2 at the end of the procedure was compared between the groups. Apart from these periprocedural hemodynamic and respiratory parameters, pain scores on arrival in the recovery room (t0), 15 minutes (t15), and 30 minutes (t30), recovery time, and endoscopist's satisfaction as per a Likert's scale were recorded. RESULTS The mean SpO2 (SpO2 recorded every minute during the procedure and averaged over procedure time in minutes) in group KP (97.7 [96.1-98.6]) was significantly lower than group KD (98.5 [98.1-98.8]) (p=0.005). The post-procedure pain scores measured at t0 and t15 were higher in group KP (p<0.001 and p=0.043), and comparable at t30 in both the groups (p=0.711). The time to achieve Modified Aldrete score (MAS) ≥ 9 was significantly more in group KD (p<0.001). The lowest mean arterial pressure and heart rate in group KD were significantly lower than in group KP (p<0.001, p=0.006, respectively). The overall endoscopist satisfaction was better in group KP compared to group KD (p= 0.011). CONCLUSIONS The combination of ketamine-dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation during ERCP is a safe alternative to ketamine-propofol with a better respiratory profile. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER AND REGISTRY URL CTRI/2019/08/020625 ( www.ctri.nic.in ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Singh
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160 012, India
| | - Karthik V Iyer
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Souvik Maitra
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Puneet Khanna
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Soumya Sarkar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India.
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Ajisha Aravindan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Priyankar Kumar Datta
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Venkata Ganesh
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160 012, India
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12
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Cui Z, Kang H, Wang W, Guo W, Guo M, Chen Z. Vegetation restoration restricts rill development on dump slopes in coalfields. Sci Total Environ 2022; 820:153203. [PMID: 35051460 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Severe rill erosion on dump slopes poses a great threat to the ecological environment in mining areas. Vegetation restoration is an effective measure for controlling soil erosion on dump slopes. However, few studies have identified the long-term influence of vegetation restoration on rill development on dump slopes. Therefore, we investigated the rill development characteristics of dump slopes with three typical restoration models (CK: natural restoration; ED: Elymus dahuricus; and AO: Artemisia ordosica) and three recovery time (1 y, 3 y and 5 y). The results showed that vegetation adequately controlled rill erosion on dump slopes. ED and AO could effectively control the development of rills with widths >15 cm and depths of 10-20 cm. ED vegetation restoration inhibited the development rill morphology and network better than AO. The rill erosion modulus of the ED slope and AO slope decreased by 76.29%-90.77% and 46.66%-61.49%, respectively, compared with that of natural restoration slopes with recovery time of 1 y, 3 y, and 5 y. ED controlled rill erosion better than AO, but this effect gradually weakened with recovery time. Vegetation coverage contributed 34.99% of the total variation in rill morphology and was the main factor affecting the development of rills on dump slopes. Furthermore, vegetation coverage had a more important role in controlling rill development than did the root system on dump slopes. This study provides valuable information for optimizing vegetation construction for soil loss control on dump slopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Cui
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hongliang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
| | - Wenzhao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Mingming Guo
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China
| | - Zhuoxin Chen
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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13
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Zhou Z, Liu X, Li P. B 24N 24 nanocage as an electronic sensor for metronidazole drug: density functional theory studies. J Mol Model 2022; 28:134. [PMID: 35505197 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper implemented the density functional theory (DFT) to evaluate a nano-structured sensor of the metronidazole (ML) drug based on the interaction between pristine B24N24 nanocage and the drug. Chemisorption (adsorption energy = - 13.77 to - 15.11 kcal/mol) and physisorption (= - 1.48 to - 4.97 kcal/mol) were estimated to be potential mechanisms of adsorption. The substantial rise in the electrical conductivity of B24N24 suggested that the nanocage was capable of generating electronic noise in interaction with the drug. In addition, the adsorption of the drug significantly influenced the work function, Fermi level, and complexes (chemisorption) of the highest stability. This suggests that one can detect ML through the Φ-type nano-sensing efficiency of B24N24. The recovery process takes nearly 0.005 s, and it was observed that bare B24N24 nanocages could be employed without costly manipulations of the structure for sensitivity improvement. The UV-Vis results indicated that ML adsorption upshifted the transmission wavelength at 391.07 nm. Thus, the close distance of the drug molecule from the nanocage led to the redshift. It was concluded that B24N24 nanocages could be an effective and efficient nanosensor for the detection of ML in light of their structural characteristics and electronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenping Zhou
- Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital, Digestive Internal Medicine Department, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ping Li
- Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital, Digestive Internal Medicine Department, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, China.
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Khaki N, Fosshat S, Pourhakkak P, Thanoon RD, Jalil AT, Wu L. Sensing of Acetaminophen Drug Using Zn-Doped Boron Nitride Nanocones: a DFT Inspection. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:2481-2491. [PMID: 35132521 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03830-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
During environmental testing, scientists face the problem of developing and designing a new type of sensor electrode with distinguished stability, high activity, and cost-effectiveness to detect acetaminophen (ACE). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to investigate the interaction and electrical response of Zn-doped and pristine boron nitride nanocones (BNNCs) with and to ACE with the disclination angle of 240°. The adsorption energy for ACE in the Zn-doped was - 56.94 kJ.mol-1. This value for BNNCs was approximately - 26.11 kJ.mol-1. Furthermore, after the adsorption of ACE, the value of band gap (Eg) for Zn-doped BNNCs decreased significantly (from 4.01 to 3.10 eV), thereby increasing the electrical conductivity. However, Eg value of the pristine BNNCs decreased marginally after the adsorption of ACE. Compared with the pristine BNNCs, the Zn-doped BNNCs could be considered promising materials for the detection of ACE and could be employed in electronic sensors. In the Zn-doped BNNCs, the molecular and electrostatic interactions and the creation of Zn-O bond played key roles in the adsorption of ACE. The Zn-doped BNNCs had other merits such as slight recovery time which was approximately 7.09 ms for the desorption of ACE at ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Khaki
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Fosshat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, 71454, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Raid D Thanoon
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, 230023, Grodno, Belarus
- College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit, 52001, Iraq
| | - Liang Wu
- College of Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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Watt J, Fitzpatrick J, Sozio SM, Jaar BG, Estrella MM, Tereshchenko LG, Monroy-Trujillo JM, Walsh M, Parekh RS. Association of abnormal electrocardiograph metrics with prolonged recovery time in incident hemodialysis patients. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:46. [PMID: 35086494 PMCID: PMC8796483 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-02664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients receiving intermittent hemodialysis have variable times of recovery to feeling better after dialysis. QT prolongation, a precursor to clinical and subclinical cardiovascular events, may contribute to delayed recovery time. We hypothesized that abnormal electrocardiographic parameters indicating perturbations in ventricular action are associated with longer recovery times thus impacting a patient-centered quality of life. METHODS Among 242 incident in-center hemodialysis participants from the Predictors of Arrhythmic and Cardiovascular Risk in End Stage Renal Disease (PACE) study, corrected QT interval (QTc), QRST angle and heart rate variance were measured on non-dialysis days using a standard 5-min electrocardiograph recording. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was defined using the Cornell voltage product. Recovery time was ascertained during a phone interview with a standardized validated questionnaire. Associations between QTc, QRST angle, heart rate variance, and LVH and natural log-transformed recovery time were examined using linear regression adjusted for participant characteristics and electrolytes. RESULTS Mean age was 55 (standard deviation 13) years, 55% were male, 72% were African American. Longer QTc interval was associated with increased recovery time (per 10 ms increase in QTc, recovery time increased by 6.2%; 95% confidence interval: 0.0-10.5). QRST angle, heart rate, heart rate variability and LVH were not significantly associated with recovery time. CONCLUSION Longer QTc intervals are associated with longer recovery time independent of serum electrolytes. This supports a relationship between a patient's underlying arrhythmic status and time to recovery after hemodialysis. Future studies will determine if maneuvers to reduce QTc improves recovery time and quality of life of patients on hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Watt
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Fitzpatrick
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen M Sozio
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bernard G Jaar
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Nephrology Center of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle M Estrella
- Kidney Health Research Collaborative, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
- Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Larisa G Tereshchenko
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Michael Walsh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rulan S Parekh
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University Health Network and University of Toronto, 555 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
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16
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Kaso AW, Hareru HE, Kaso T, Agero G. Time to recovery from Covid-19 and its associated factors among patients hospitalized to the treatment center in South Central Ethiopia. Environ Chall (Amst) 2022; 6:100428. [PMID: 36632239 PMCID: PMC8673952 DOI: 10.1016/j.envc.2021.100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus outbreak was a public health emergency. The surge of new confirmed cases and deaths was observed in developing countries due to the occurrence of new variants. However, factors associated with the duration of recovery among admitted patients remained uncertain. Therefore, we assessed factors associated with time to recovery from Covid-19 among hospitalized patients at the treatment center in South Central, Ethiopia. We employed a retrospective cross-sectional study among 422 patients hospitalized at Bokoji Hospital treatment center with Covid-19 from July 1, 2020, through October 30, 2021. Data were entered, coded, and analyzed using SPSS 26 version. We computed the survival probability using the Kaplan Meier method and determined factors associated with time to recovery using Cox regression analysis. Finally, the interpretation of adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and P-values less than 0.05 were declared as statistically significant. Our study found that the median time to recovery from Covid-19 infection of 13 days, with an IQR of 9-17 days. In multivariate Cox regression, ≥ 60 years old (AHR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.895), chronic pulmonary disease (AHR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.455, 0.978), Male (AHR = 0.77; 95% CI: 0.611, 0.979), and being on Intranasal oxygen care (AHR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.427-0.717) were significantly associated with time to recovery. Thus, health providers in treatment centers should give strict follow-up and priority for elders, patients with underlying diseases, and under supportive treatment during case management.
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Key Words
- AHR, Adjusted Hazard Ratio
- AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
- CFR, Case Fatality Rate, CI, Confidence Interval
- CHR, Crude Hazard Ratio
- Coronavirus
- Covid-19
- Ethiopia
- HIV, Human Immune Virus
- HR, Hazard Ratio
- ICU, Intensive Care Unit
- IQR, Interquartile Range
- LOS, Length of Stay
- RT-PCR, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Recovery time
- SD, Standard Deviation
- South Central Ethiopia
- WHO, World Health Organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdene Weya Kaso
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Ethiopia
| | | | - Taha Kaso
- Departments of Surgery, College of Health Science, Arsi University, Ethiopia
| | - Gebi Agero
- Departments of Public Health, College of Health Science, Arsi University, Ethiopia
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Cluitmans M, Coll-Font J, Erem B, Bear L, Nguyên UC, Ter Bekke R, Volders PGA, Brooks D. Spatiotemporal approximation of cardiac activation and recovery isochrones. J Electrocardiol 2021; 71:1-9. [PMID: 34979408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sequence of myocardial activation and recovery can be studied in detail by invasive catheter recordings of cardiac electrograms (EGMs), or noninvasive inverse reconstructions thereof with electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI). Local activation and recovery times are obtained from a unipolar EGM by the moment of maximum downslope of the QRS complex or maximum upslope of the T wave, respectively. However, both invasive and noninvasive recordings of intracardiac EGMs may suffer from noise and fractionation, making reliable detection of these deflections nontrivial. METHODS Here, we introduce a novel method that benefits from the spatial coupling of these processes, and incorporate not only the temporal EGM deflection, but also the spatial gradients. We validated this approach in computer simulations, in animal data with ECGI and invasive electrode recordings, and illustrated its use in a clinical case. RESULTS In the simulated data, the spatiotemporal approach was able to incorporate spatial information to better select the correct deflection in artificially fractionated EGMs and outperformed the traditional temporal-only method. In experimental data, the accuracy of time estimation from ECGI compared to invasive recordings significantly increased from R = 0.73 (activation) and R = 0.58 (recovery) with the temporal-only method to R = 0.79 (activation) and R = 0.72 (recovery) with the novel approach. Localization of the pacing origin of paced beats improved significantly from 36 mm mean error with the temporal-only approach to 23 mm with the spatiotemporal approach. CONCLUSION The spatiotemporal method to compute activation and recovery times from EGMs outperformed the traditional temporal-only approach in which spatial information was not taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs Cluitmans
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, the Netherlands.
| | - Jaume Coll-Font
- Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Uyên Châu Nguyên
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Rachel Ter Bekke
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Paul G A Volders
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Dana Brooks
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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Tran K, Dossabhoy SS, Sorondo S, Lee JT. Bicycle exercise ankle brachial index recovery time as a novel metric for evaluating the hemodynamic significance of external iliac endofibrosis in competitive cyclists. J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech 2021; 7:681-685. [PMID: 34746530 PMCID: PMC8556481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Subtle radiographic findings can increase the challenge of diagnosing external iliac artery endofibrosis. We evaluated a new metric, the bicycle exercise ankle brachial index recovery time (BART), in a cohort of cyclists with symptomatic external iliac artery endofibrosis. BART was defined as the time required in minutes for the ankle brachial index to return to 0.9 after a period of exercise. Surgical correction resulted in an improvement in BART postoperatively (4.5 ± 4.1 vs 9.1 ± 4.3 minutes; P < .001), with improved values correlating with better patient satisfaction. Documentation of the BARTs before and after surgical treatment provides an additional measure of postoperative hemodynamic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Tran
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.,Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Shernaz S Dossabhoy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Sabina Sorondo
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
| | - Jason T Lee
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.,Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
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Gutierrez D, Goshorn JR, Dorais S. An exploration of thriving over time in recovery. J Subst Abuse Treat 2021; 132:108612. [PMID: 34489158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2021.108612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging models of recovery have redirected the traditional focus on relapse prevention to an emphasis on wellness. According to this new framework of recovery, aspects of thriving can strengthen recovery and prevent relapse in substance use. However, the empirical support for these models is sparse. To fill the gap in the literature, the authors sought to predict the risk of relapse based on factors of thriving. METHOD Participants consisted of a stratified sample of 412 adults in early, middle, and late stages of recovery (based on length of time in recovery) who the study recruited via Qualtrics Online Panels. We utilized a sequential regression to examine the ability of factors of thriving, the influence of time in recovery and demographic variables to predict relapse risk. RESULTS Thriving, length of recovery, and demographics significantly predicted risk of relapse (p < .001, R2 = 65%), with Thriving accounting for 55% of the variance (ΔR2 = 55%). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that the natural developmental process that comes from the passage of time dedicated to recovery is significant but thriving or the quality of that time serves as a stronger protective factor preventing relapse. Addiction treatment and prevention specialists could benefit from including thriving in conceptual models and interventions for recovery. Further, these findings provide support for holistic models of addiction recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gutierrez
- Department of School Psychology and Counselor Education, William & Mary, United States of America.
| | - Jeremy R Goshorn
- Department of Counseling, Wake Forest University, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Dorais
- Department of Counselor Education, Kean University, United States of America
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20
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Bossola M, Picca A, Monteburini T, Parodi E, Santarelli S, Cenerelli S, Sirolli V, Bonomini M, Di Stasio E. Post-dialysis fatigue and survival in patients on chronic hemodialysis. J Nephrol 2021. [PMID: 34390478 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-021-01141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Strohleit D, Galetin T, Kosse N, Lopez-Pastorini A, Stoelben E. Guidelines on analgosedation, monitoring, and recovery time for flexible bronchoscopy: a systematic review. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:198. [PMID: 34112130 PMCID: PMC8193886 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01532-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients undergoing bronchoscopy in spontaneous breathing are prone to hypoxaemia and hypercapnia. Sedation, airway obstruction, and lung diseases impair respiration and gas exchange. The restitution of normal respiration takes place in the recovery room. Nonetheless, there is no evidence on the necessary observation time. We systematically reviewed current guidelines on bronchoscopy regarding sedation, monitoring and recovery. METHODS This review was registered at the PROSPERO database (CRD42020197476). MEDLINE and awmf.org were double-searched for official guidelines, recommendation or consensus statements on bronchoscopy from 2010 to 2020. The PICO-process focussed on adults (Patients), bronchoscopy with maintained spontaneous breathing (Interventions), and recommendations regarding the intra- and postprocedural monitoring and sedation (O). The guideline quality was graded. A catalogue of 54 questions was answered. Strength of recommendation and evidence levels were recorded for each recommendation. RESULTS Six guidelines on general bronchoscopy and three expert statements on special bronchoscopic procedures were identified. Four guidelines were evidence-based. Most guidelines recommend sedation to improve the patient's tolerance. Midazolam combined with an opioid is preferred. The standard monitoring consists of non-invasive blood pressure, and pulse oximetry, furthermore electrocardiogram in cardiac patients. Only one guideline discusses hypercapnia and capnometry, but without consensus. Two guidelines discuss a recovery time of two hours, but a recommendation was not given because of lack of evidence. CONCLUSION Evidence for most issues is low to moderate. Lung-diseased patients are not represented by current guidelines. Capnometry and recovery time lack evidence. More primary research in these fields is needed so that future guidelines may address these issues, too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Strohleit
- Lung Clinic Cologne-Merheim, Thoracic Surgery, Hospital of Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Galetin
- Lung Clinic Cologne-Merheim, Thoracic Surgery, Hospital of Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Nils Kosse
- Lung Clinic Cologne-Merheim, Thoracic Surgery, Hospital of Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alberto Lopez-Pastorini
- Lung Clinic Cologne-Merheim, Thoracic Surgery, Hospital of Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
| | - Erich Stoelben
- Lung Clinic Cologne-Merheim, Thoracic Surgery, Hospital of Cologne, University of Witten/Herdecke, Ostmerheimer Str. 200, 51109, Cologne, Germany
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Benoni R, Campagna I, Panunzi S, Varalta MS, Salandini G, De Mattia G, Turrina G, Moretti F, Lo Cascio G, Spiteri G, Porru S, Tardivo S, Poli A, Bovo C. Estimating COVID-19 recovery time in a cohort of Italian healthcare workers who underwent surveillance swab testing. Public Health 2021; 196:52-58. [PMID: 34144335 PMCID: PMC8133387 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic is putting a huge strain on the provision and continuity of care. The length of sickness absence of the healthcare workers as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection plays a pivotal role in hospital staff management. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the timing of COVID-19 recovery and viral clearance, and its predictive factors, in a large sample of healthcare workers. STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective cohort study. METHODS The analysis was conducted on data collected during the hospital health surveillance programme for healthcare staff at the University Hospital of Verona; healthcare workers were tested for SARS-CoV-2 through RT-PCR with oronasopharyngeal swab samples. The health surveillance programme targeted healthcare workers who either had close contact with SARS-CoV-2-infected patients or were tested as part of the screening-based strategy implemented according to national and regional requirements. Recovery time was estimated from the first positive swab to two consecutive negative swabs, collected 24 h apart, using survival analysis for both right-censored and interval-censored data. Cox proportional hazard was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS During the health surveillance programme, 6455 healthcare workers were tested for SARS-CoV-2 and 248 (3.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4-4.3) reported positive results; among those who tested positive, 49% were asymptomatic, with a median age of 39.8 years, which is significantly younger than symptomatic healthcare workers (48.2 years, P < 0.001). Screening tests as part of the health surveillance programme identified 31 (12.5%) of the positive cases. Median recovery time was 24 days (95% CI: 23-26) and 21.5 days (95% CI: 15.5-30.5) in right- and interval-censoring analysis, respectively, with no association with age, sex or presence of symptoms. Overall, 63% of participants required >20 days to test negative on two consecutive swabs. Hospitalised healthcare workers (4.8%) were older and had a significantly longer recovery time compared with non-hospitalised healthcare workers in both analyses (33.5 vs 24 days, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Recovery from COVID-19 and viral clearance may take a long time, especially in individuals who are hospitalised. To detect asymptomatic cases, screening programmes for healthcare workers is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Benoni
- Postgraduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - I Campagna
- Postgraduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Panunzi
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M S Varalta
- Postgraduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Salandini
- Postgraduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G De Mattia
- Postgraduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Turrina
- Postgraduate School of Occupational Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - F Moretti
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Lo Cascio
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Spiteri
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Porru
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Tardivo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; Medical Direction, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - A Poli
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - C Bovo
- Medical Direction, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Farò D, Zolezzi G, Wolter C. How much habitat does a river need? A spatially-explicit population dynamics model to assess ratios of ontogenetical habitat needs. J Environ Manage 2021; 286:112100. [PMID: 33639426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Restoration of spawning and juvenile habitats is often used to restore fish abundances in rivers, although often with unclear results. To study the effects of habitat limitations on the common barbel (Barbus barbus), a riverine litophilic cyprinid fish, an age-structured population model was developed. Using a Bayesian modeling approach, spawning and fry (0+ juvenile) habitat availability was integrated in the model in a spatially explicit way. Using Beverton-Holt and Ricker recruitment models, density dependence was incorporated in the spawning process and the recruitment of 0+ juveniles. Model parameters and their uncertainty ranges were obtained from reviewing the existing literature. The uncertainty of the processes was intrinsically accounted for by the inherently probabilistic nature of the Bayesian model. By testing various scenarios of habitat availabilities for the barbel, we hypothesize that improvement of the fish stock will be reached only at a well specified ratio of spawning to fry habitat. Model simulations revealed substantial abundance improvements at rather equal amounts of about 10% cover of both habitats, while even substantial improvements of either spawning or fry habitats only will result in little or no increase of abundance. Higher ratios of spawning to fry habitat were found to lower population recovery times. This work provides a tool that serves the assessment and comparison of river restoration scenarios as well as benchmarking rehabilitation targets in the planning phase. When targeting restoration of fish stocks, focusing only on one key life stage or process (such as spawning), without considering potential bottlenecks in other stages, can result in little to no improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Farò
- University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Via Mesiano 77, Trento, 38123, Italy.
| | - Guido Zolezzi
- University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, Via Mesiano 77, Trento, 38123, Italy
| | - Christian Wolter
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, Berlin, 12587, Germany
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Huang W, Wang W, Cao M, Fu G, Xia J, Wang Z, Li J. Local climate and biodiversity affect the stability of China's grasslands in response to drought. Sci Total Environ 2021; 768:145482. [PMID: 33736341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The stability of ecosystems is of great significance to the supply of ecosystem services and human well-being. Frequently occurring drought events seriously threaten the stability of terrestrial ecosystems. In particular, in grasslands with low rainfall, ecosystems are more vulnerable to drought. To date, most studies have focused on forest ecosystems, while the difference in the stability of various types of grassland ecosystems under drought is less studied. Here, we selected China's grasslands as the study system and used the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) to identify drought years and drought events (2001-2015) that occurred in China. Subsequently, we used the satellite-based enhanced vegetation index (EVI) to calculate the resistance (the ability to maintain the original EVI level in a drought year), resilience (the capacity of ecosystem functioning to recover to its normal state after a drought year), and recovery time (how long an ecosystem requires to recover to its predrought EVI) of different grassland types in China from 2001 to 2015. Finally, random forest analysis was used to identify the factors affecting the spatial patterns of the three indicators of stability. The results showed that the grassland ecosystem vulnerability to drought was significantly different among grassland types. The alpine steppe and alpine meadow ecosystems located on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have the strongest resistance, the weakest resilience, and the longest recovery time. The meadow steppe and typical steppe ecosystems located in Inner Mongolia have the weakest resistance, the strongest resilience, and the shortest recovery time. The stability of grassland ecosystems is mainly affected by the characteristics of drought events (drought severity and duration), local climate factors (precipitation and temperature), and biodiversity. These results provide a scientific basis for taking appropriate management measures to address the impacts of future drought events on various types of grassland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Ming Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Gang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Juyi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Zhixue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Junsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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George N, Tyagi NK, Prasad JB. COVID-19 pandemic and its average recovery time in Indian states. Clin Epidemiol Glob Health 2021; 11:100740. [PMID: 33875974 PMCID: PMC8046709 DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have been carried out in modelling COVID-19 pandemic. However, region-wise average duration of recovery from COVID-19 has not been attempted; hence, an effort has been made to estimate state-wise recovery duration of India's COVID-19 patients. Determining the recovery time in each region is intended to assist healthcare professionals in providing better care and planning of logistics. Methods This study used database provided by Kaggle, which takes data from the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. The simple Linear Regression model between incidence, prevalence, and duration was used to assess the duration of COVID-19 disease in various Indian states. Results The fitted model suits ideal for most of the states, except for some union territories and northeastern states. The average time to recover from disease was ranging from 5 to 36 days in Indian states/union territories except for Madhya Pradesh. Tamil Nadu has an average recovery time of 7 days with an value of 0.96, followed by Odisha, Karnataka, West Bengal, Kerala and Chhattisgarh and the average recovery duration was estimated as 7, 13, 17, 11, 14 and 12 days respectively. Conclusion The average recovery from COVID-19 was ten or less days in twenty percentage of states, whereas in forty-four percentage of states/union territories had an average recovery duration between ten to twenty days. However, around twentyfour percentage of states/union territory recovered between twenty to thirty days. In the rest of Indian states/union territories, the average duration of recovery was more than thirty days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel George
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, KAHER, Belagavi, 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Naresh K Tyagi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, KAHER, Belagavi, 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Jang Bahadur Prasad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, KAHER, Belagavi, 590010, Karnataka, India
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Sánchez-García Á, González-Pérez J. Objective evaluation of static and dynamic behavior of different toric silicone-hydrogel contact lenses. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:101437. [PMID: 33846086 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to estimate how orientation position, recovery time, and contact lens decentration, associated with visual performance, may vary on several designs of the most recent toric silicone-hydrogel toric contact lenses in two-time different moments. METHODS To evaluate the toric silicone-hydrogel toric contact lens position and stability, it was conducted with a prospective, observational, randomized, and single-center case series including 95 astigmatic eyes wearing four toric silicone-hydrogel toric contact lenses for two weeks. Orientation and decentration were analyzed with ImageJ software from video-frames extracted with a Python application. Recovery time was evaluated after 45 degrees of inferior-temporal misorientation. RESULTS Evaluation of misorientation after 20 min of wear revealed the highest amount for Saphir RX, -20.41 ± 10.84 deg, and lowest for Air Optix Aqua for Astigmatism, -1.43 ± 7.48 deg. The highest horizontal misalignment was found for Air Optix Aqua for Astigmatism, -0.627 ± 0.330 mm, and lowest for Biofinity Toric, 0.004 ± 0.270 mm. Vertical misalignment presented the highest value for Acuvue Vita for Astigmatism, -0.652 ± 0.369 mm, and lowest for Air Optix Aqua for Astigmatism, -0.126 ± 0.231 mm. Recovery time showed the highest amount for Saphir RX, 80.70 ± 33.26 s, and lowest for Biofinity Toric 43.67 ± 23.70 s. Only Air Optix Aqua for Astigmatism presented significant differences after two-week of wear for misorientation (P = 0.02) and horizontal misalignment (P < 0.001). When pairwise comparisons are made between toric silicone-hydrogel toric contact lenses, significant differences (P < 0.001) are found. CONCLUSIONS Although there was acceptable fitting, based upon decentration, orientation, and recovery with the study contact lenses, the stabilization and profile design used in the Air Optix Aqua for Astigmatism helped to minimize rotation and vertical misalignment. In addition, the peri-ballast and thickness profile of the Biofinity Toric improved rotational recovery and horizontal misalignment compared to the other contact lenses. Finally, lenses with a better fitting profile showed better visual performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Sánchez-García
- Ocular Surface and Contact Lens Research Laboratory, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Javier González-Pérez
- Ocular Surface and Contact Lens Research Laboratory, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Beyene AM, Eshetie A, Tadesse Y, Getnet MG. Time to recovery from cataract and its predictors among eye cataract patients treated with cataract surgery: A retrospective cohort study in Ethiopia. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 65:102275. [PMID: 33898037 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cataracts is the major global causes of blindness and a vision-affecting disease of the eye. Cataract surgery is a curative and cost-effective intervention. The number of people who undergo cataract surgery has increased rapidly. Hence, this study was aimed to determine predictors and the time of recovery of cataract patients after cataract surgery by using Simi parametric models of survival analysis. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January/01/2015 and January/30/2019. STATA version14.0 statistical software was used for analysis. The Kaplan-Meier survival method and log-rank test curves were applied. Weibull regression was used and adjusted hazard ratio 95% CI with a value of p less than 0.05 was used to identify a significant association. Results Two hundred twenty three cataract patients were recovered from cataract, 72.6% (95% CI 69.8%–75.9%). The overall median survival time was 23 weeks (IQR = 16 to 35) with (95% CI, 21%–25%). aged between 16 and 30year (AHR = 1.20 CI; 1.07–2.36), age 31 to 45 (AHR = 1.24 CI; 1.08–1.54), urban dwellers (AHR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.18–2.14), medium visual acuity (AHR = 4.14 CI; 2.57–6.67), high visual acuity (AHR = 5.23 CI; 3.06–8.93), Secondary cataract (AHR = 2.59 CI; 1.01–3.02), traumatic cataract (AHR = 1.75 CI; 1.01–3.02), extra capsular cataract extraction surgery (AHR = 1.43 CI; 1.07–1.94),and diabetes mellitus (AHR = 0.75, CI; 0.41–0.96) were notably associated with time to recovery. Conclusion Time to recovery in the study area was slightly higher as compared with the global cut of time. Cataract patients with comorbidity of DM had lower recovery time. A 72.6% cataract patients were recovered and 27.4% of were censored from cataract. The overall median survival time was 23 weeks and the mean recovery time of the patients was 23.24 weeks. A significant difference seen in the recovery rate among cataract patients with/out diabetes mellitus. Time to recovery in the study area was slightly higher.
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Gudmundsson SV, Cattaneo M, Redondi R. Forecasting temporal world recovery in air transport markets in the presence of large economic shocks: The case of COVID-19. J Air Transp Manag 2021; 91:102007. [PMID: 36568736 PMCID: PMC9759425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jairtraman.2020.102007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper estimates the relationship between the strength of economic shocks and temporal recovery in the world air transport industry. Our results show that world recovery of passenger demand to pre-COVID-19 levels is estimated to take 2.4 years (recovery by late-2022), with the most optimistic estimate being 2 years (recovery by mid-2022), and the most pessimistic estimate 6 years (recovery in 2026). Large regional differences are detected, Asia Pacific has the shortest estimated average recovery time 2.2 years, followed by North America 2.5 years and Europe 2.7 years. For air freight the results show a shorter average world recovery time of 2.2 years compared to passenger demand. At the regional level, Europe and Asia Pacific are comparable with average recovery times of 2.2 years while North America is predicted to recover faster in 1.5 years. The results show that the strength of economic shocks of various origins impacts the linear growth of passenger and freight traffic and the temporal recovery of the industry in a predictable transitory way. Hence, the impact of the COVID-19 recession will represent a temporary, although long-lasting, correction to previous growth levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Cattaneo
- University of Bergamo Via Pasubio 5b, 24044, Dalmine, Italy
| | - R Redondi
- University of Bergamo Via Pasubio 5b, 24044, Dalmine, Italy
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Sartorius A, Beuschlein J, Remennik D, Pfeifer AM, Karl S, Bumb JM, Aksay SS, Kranaster L, Janke C. Empirical ratio of the combined use of S-ketamine and propofol in electroconvulsive therapy and its impact on seizure quality. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 271:457-63. [PMID: 32699969 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-020-01170-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for depressive disorders. In certain cases, ECT-associated anaesthesia can be improved by the use of ketofol (i.e., S-ketamine + propofol). We aimed to evaluate the empirical mixing ratio of ketofol in these cases for better clinical implementation. We retrospectively investigated n = 52 patients who received 919 ECT sessions with S-ketamine plus propofol as anaesthetic agents. Several anaesthesia and ECT-related parameters including doses of S-ketamine and propofol were analysed. The mean empirically determined S-ketamine/propofol ratio was 1.38 (SD ± 0.57) for 919 individual ECT sessions and 1.52 (SD ± 0.62) for 52 patients, respectively. The mean relative dose was 0.72 (± 0.18) mg/kg S-ketamine and 0.54 (± 0.21) mg/kg propofol. Higher propofol dose was associated with poorer seizure quality. Seizure quality and time in recovery room were significantly influenced by age. Ketofol could be an option to exploit the advantageous qualities of S-ketamine and propofol, if both doses are reduced compared with single use of S-ketamine or propofol. Patients with poor seizure quality may benefit from lower propofol doses, which are applicable by the addition of ketamine. An empirically determined mixing ratio in favour of ketamine turned out to be preferable in a clinical setting. Recovery time was primarily prolonged by higher age rather than by ketamine dose, which had previously often been associated with a prolonged monitoring time in the recovery room. These new findings could improve electroconvulsive therapy and should be replicated in a prospective manner.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of the neuromonitoring signal (LOS) during thyroidectomy signifies recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury, which is one of the common complications, especially by traction injury. Transient intraoperative LOS means spontaneous recovery of nerve function during surgery or within 6-month post-surgery. Few articles discuss intraoperative recovery time and transient LOS, and there is no consensus on the risk factors for RLN traction injury and its recovery course; thus, we wanted to determine the maximum intraoperative recovery time. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included patients who had undergone thyroidectomies at Tainan National Cheng Kung University Hospital between January 2015 and August 2018. A total of 775 patients (with 1000 nerves at risk) who underwent intermittent intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroidectomy were included in this study. The LOS nerves were divided into 4 groups based on the LOS subtype and the intraoperative status of the recovery. The postoperative vocal cord function was determined by thyroid ultrasound and/or laryngoscope. All the patients would be followed up postoperatively in 2-3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4-6 weeks. RESULTS LOS occurred in 67 of 775 (8.6%) patients and in 70 of 1000 nerves at risk (7.0%). There were 2 in 70 nerves (2.9%) with LOS type 1 (segmental nerve traction injury) with intraoperative recovery (Group 1), 5 (7.1%) with LOS type 1 without intraoperative recovery (Group 2), 47 (67.1%) with LOS type 2 (global injury) with intraoperative recovery (Group 3), and 16 (22.8%) with LOS type 2 without intraoperative recovery (Group 4). All LOS type 1 (segmental nerve injury) nerves had pathologic lesions near the RLN or vagus nerve, but none had invaded the nerves (p < 0.05). The resolving time intraoperatively in the 2 patients in Group 1 was 5 min and 10 min, respectively. The resolving time intraoperatively in Group 3 was 1-20 min, and the average time was 4.8 min. In Group 2, 3 injured nerves recovered within 6 weeks postoperatively, and 2 nerves in 12 weeks. In Group 4, all the 16 injured nerves recovered within 6 weeks postoperatively. CONCLUSION Applying intermittent intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroidectomy, traction recurrent laryngeal nerve injury still happened in 7.0%. 70% of the injured nerves recovered the function intraoperatively after releasing the traction, and the longest duration of recovery is 20 min.
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Pardue B, Thomas A, Buckley J, Suggs WJ. An Opioid-Sparing Protocol Improves Recovery Time and Reduces Opioid Use After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2020; 30:4919-4925. [PMID: 32951136 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04980-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current literature is sparse on post discharge pain management for bariatric surgical patients. This study aimed to determine if an opioid-sparing protocol could decrease opioid use during the postoperative period (hospital to home). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we implemented an opioid-sparing protocol in January 2018, for patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) at our institution. We compared recovery time, pain scores (in hospital and at home), and perioperative opioid use between the historic control group (February 2017 to December 2017) and the opioid-sparing group (January 2018 to December 2018). A p value of < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The study included 400 patients (200 in each group), and 165 participated in the phone survey. Baseline characteristics were similar, except the control group had a higher body mass index and body weight. The average recovery time was significantly shorter in the opioid-sparing group (18.9 versus 35.3 days, P = .043). There was no significant difference in mean postoperative pain scores in the hospital or at home. The opioid-sparing group required significantly fewer opioids postoperatively (10.4 versus 16.1 morphine milligram equivalents, P < .001). Only 1 out of the 200 patients in the opioid-sparing arm requested an opioid prescription after discharge. CONCLUSION Implementation of an opioid-sparing protocol improved recovery time and reduced postoperative opioid use in the hospital and after discharge without changing perceived pain in patients undergoing LSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pardue
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, 910 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
| | - Austin Thomas
- Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Auburn Campus, 910 South Donahue Drive, Auburn, AL, 36832, USA
| | - Jake Buckley
- Crestwood Medical Center, One Hospital Drive, Huntsville, AL, 35801, USA
| | - William J Suggs
- Crestwood Medical Center, One Hospital Drive, Huntsville, AL, 35801, USA.
- Alabama Bariatrics, 705 Bank Street, Decatur, AL, 35601, USA.
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Liu N, Chen B, Li L, Zeng Q, Sheng L, Zhang B, Liang W, Lv B. Mechanisms of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury near the nerve entry point during thyroid surgery: A retrospective cohort study. Int J Surg 2020; 83:125-130. [PMID: 32931979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) for visual identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) has decreased the rates of RLN injury (RLNI) during thyroid surgery. However, little attention has been paid to RLNI near the nerve entry point (NEP), where most injuries occur. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of RLNI near the NEP and to describe the recovery of nerve function. METHODS Patients undergoing thyroid surgery were analyzed to identify true loss of signal (LOS) by IONM. Follow-up for vocal cord palsy (VCP) was confirmed by a postoperative laryngoscopy. The risk factors for RLNI, the type of RLNI, the prevalence of VCP and the time for VCP recovery were all recorded and analyzed. RESULTS We analyzed 3582 at-risk nerves in 2257 surgical patients. The overall rate of RLNI near the NEP in at-risk nerves was 3.2%. RLNI was more likely to occur in nerves with extralaryngeal bifurcation (p = 0.013). The distribution of RLNI types, in order of frequency, was traction (52.6%; n = 61), compression (38.8%; n = 45), thermal (7.8%; n = 9), and nerve transection (0.9%; n = 1). Complete recovery from VCP was documented in 93.1% (n = 108) of RLNI. CONCLUSION Patients with a bifurcated RLN were at a higher risk of RLNI near the NEP than those without bifurcation. Traction and compression injuries occurred most frequently, but would eventually recover. Excessive stretching of the thyroid lobe played a role in RLNIs near the NEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Luchuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Qingdong Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Lei Sheng
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Weili Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Lehman A, Kemp EV, Brown J, Crane EK, Tait DL, Taylor VD, Naumann RW. Pre-emptive Non-narcotic Pain Medication before Minimally Invasive Surgery in Gynecologic Oncology. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2020; 28:811-816. [PMID: 32730991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To review the impact of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) after minimally invasive surgery (MIS) with respect to perioperative narcotics, time in the recovery room, and total time in hospital. DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTING Teaching hospital. PATIENTS All patients having MIS in the division of gynecologic oncology during a 20-month period. INTERVENTION MIS cases were compared before and after the implementation of an ERAS protocol that incorporated orally administered acetaminophen, gabapentin, and celecoxib. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS A total of 800 MIS cases were performed during the period (77% laparoscopy, 18% robotic, 5% mini-lap). Of these, 449 cases were treated without and 351 with the ERAS protocol. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to age, BMI, surgery type, smoking, surgical indication, blood loss, or diagnosis. Total narcotic use in milligram intravenous equivalents of morphine (mg IV Eq) was significantly less in the ERAS patients (28.5-mg IV Eq vs 23.6-mg IV Eq; p <.001). There was a trend toward less narcotics in recovery (4.8-mg IV Eq vs 4.1-mg IV Eq; p = .08). Postoperative recovery room time was not different between the groups (129 minutes vs 131 minutes; p = .66). ERAS was associated with a higher rate of same day discharge (38.5% vs 49.0%; p = .003) and a shorter length of hospital stay (22.9 hours vs 18.5 hours; p = .008), with a hazard ratio for discharge of 0.82 (0.71-0.94). However, the same day discharge rate varied widely between treating physicians (20% to 56%). CONCLUSIONS Implementation of an ERAS protocol for MIS appears to reduce total perioperative narcotic use but does not reduce recovery room time. There was a reduction in total hospital time, but this may be dependent on practice patterns of individual physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Lehman
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina (all authors)
| | - Erin V Kemp
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina (all authors)
| | - Jubilee Brown
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina (all authors)
| | - Erin K Crane
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina (all authors)
| | - David L Tait
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina (all authors)
| | - Valerie D Taylor
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina (all authors)
| | - R Wendel Naumann
- Levine Cancer Institute, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina (all authors).
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McCord CL, Whiteley E, Liang J, Trejo C, Caputo R, Itehua E, Hasan H, Hernandez S, Jagnandan K, Fudge D. Concentration effects of three common fish anesthetics on Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii). Fish Physiol Biochem 2020; 46:931-943. [PMID: 31955312 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00761-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of three common fish anesthetics (clove oil, 2-phenoxyethanol, and tricaine methanesulfonate) was evaluated in the Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii). The overarching aim of our study was to identify the best anesthetic and concentration for the purposes of routine laboratory use of Pacific hagfish (i.e., short and consistent induction and recovery times and minimized stress and safety risk to hagfish). The objectives of our study were fourfold: (1) identify anesthetic stages of Pacific hagfish using clove oil anesthesia; (2) establish standardized anesthesia preparation procedures; (3) determine the optimal anesthetic and concentration for safely achieving stage V anesthesia; and (4) investigate the effects of repeatedly exposing Pacific hagfish to anesthesia. Experimental concentrations, ranging from 50 to 400 mg/L, of each anesthetic were tested on at least three Pacific hagfish individuals. We found the following: (1) Pacific hagfish exhibited similar stages of anesthesia to those described for bony fishes; (2) sufficient mixing of clove oil with seawater had a considerable effect on the consistency and timing of anesthetic induction; (3) concentration and anesthetic significantly impacted induction and recovery timing, whereas body mass had no impact on anesthetic trends; and (4) repeatedly exposing Pacific hagfish to optimal concentrations of clove oil or MS-222 had no effect on induction or recovery timing, whereas exposure number significantly impacted induction timing when using 2-PE. Due to consistent induction and recovery times, low risk of accidental overdose, and high safety margins for both handler and hagfish, we recommend 175 mg/L of clove oil as the ideal anesthetic and concentration for the routine laboratory use of Pacific hagfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlene L McCord
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA.
- California State University Dominguez Hills, 1000 E. Victoria St, Carson, CA, 90746, USA.
| | - Emma Whiteley
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Jessica Liang
- San Diego City College, 1313 Park Blvd, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA
| | - Cathy Trejo
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Rebecca Caputo
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Estefania Itehua
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Hina Hasan
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Stephanie Hernandez
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Kevin Jagnandan
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, 500 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Douglas Fudge
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, 1 University Drive, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
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Deana C, Barbariol F, D'Incà S, Pompei L, Rocca GD. SUGAMMADEX versus neostigmine after ROCURONIUM continuous infusion in patients undergoing liver transplantation. BMC Anesthesiol 2020; 20:70. [PMID: 32213163 PMCID: PMC7093942 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-020-00986-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid neuromuscular block reversal at the end of major abdominal surgery is recommended to avoid any postoperative residual block. To date, no study has evaluated sugammadex performance after rocuronium administration in patients undergoing liver transplantation. This is a randomized controlled trial with the primary objective of assessing the neuromuscular transmission recovery time obtained with sugammadex versus neostigmine after rocuronium induced neuromuscular blockade in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. METHODS The TOF-Watch SX®, calibrated and linked to a portable computer equipped with TOF-Watch SX Monitor Software®, was used to monitor and record intraoperative neuromuscular block maintained with a continuous infusion of rocuronium. Anaesthetic management was standardized as per our institution's internal protocol. At the end of surgery, neuromuscular moderate block reversal was obtained by administration of 2 mg/kg of sugammadex or 50 mcg/kg of neostigmine (plus 10 mcg/kg of atropine). RESULTS Data from 41 patients undergoing liver transplantation were analysed. In this population, recovery from neuromuscular block was faster following sugammadex administration than neostigmine administration, with mean times±SD of 9.4 ± 4.6 min and 34.6 ± 24.9 min, respectively (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Sugammadex is able to reverse neuromuscular block maintained by rocuronium continuous infusion in patients undergoing liver transplantation. The mean reversal time obtained with sugammadex was significantly faster than that for neostigmine. It is important to note that the sugammadex recovery time in this population was found to be considerably longer than in other surgical settings, and should be considered in clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.govNCT02697929 (registered 3rd March 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Deana
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Academic Hospital "S. Maria della Misericordia", Piazzale S. M. della Misericordia, 15, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Federico Barbariol
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care 1, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Academic Hospital "S. Maria della Misericordia", Piazzale S. M. della Misericordia, 15, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Incà
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Department of Emergency, Azienda per l' Assistenza Sanitaria n° 3 Alto Friuli-Collinare-Medio Friuli, Tolmezzo, Italy
| | - Livia Pompei
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Clinic, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Academic Hospital "S. Maria della Misericordia", Udine, Italy
| | - Giorgio Della Rocca
- Full Professor of Anaesthesiology of the Department of Medical Area, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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Tillmann RP, Ray K, Aylett SE. Transient episodes of hemiparesis in Sturge Weber Syndrome - Causes, incidence and recovery. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020; 25:90-96. [PMID: 31894017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sturge Weber Syndrome (SWS) arises from a sporadic condition secondary to a post zygotic mutation in the GNAQ gene, manifested in the majority of cases by capillary malformation of the skin. Children present with seizures, acquired hemiparesis, transient hemiparesis and intellectual disabilities. This project aimed to establish incidence of transient episodes, their recovery time if full recovery was achieved, and events associated with the transient episode. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study, approved for clinical audit (Institution number 2182). Children with a diagnosis of SWS seen in a tertiary multidisciplinary clinic from September 2013 to September 2016 were included in the analysis. Data was collated from clinical notes. SPSS 21 was used for analysis. RESULTS A total of 102 patients had a diagnosed of SWS, the mean age was 10.86 years (range 2-22years). 47/102 participants with SWS had permanent hemiparesis. 32/102 presented with transient episodes. All children with transient hemiparesis had epilepsy. Median recovery time to previous function, following a transient episode was 24 h (range 1 minute-4392 h). All participants fully recovered from the transient episode within a 6 months' time frame. The factors associated with transient episodes were seizures, or a blow to the head. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge this is the largest cohort of children with SWS analysed to describe occurrence, association and recovery time of transient hemiparesis. The findings informed service development including change in method to record details of transient episodes. Further information provided to other health professionals will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Ray
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Aylett
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London, United Kingdom; UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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Nhat PV, Nguyen PTN, Si NT. A computational study of thiol-containing cysteine amino acid binding to Au 6 and Au 8 gold clusters. J Mol Model 2020; 26:58. [PMID: 32055987 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-4312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to examine the adsorption behaviors of cysteine on the gold surface using Au6 and Au8 species as model reactants. Computed results show that cysteine molecules prefer to bind with gold clusters via the S-atom of the thiol group in vacuum and thiolate group in water. The gas-phase adsorption energies are around 20.2 kcal/mol for Au6 and 24.4 kcal/mol for Au8. In water environment, such values are slightly reduced for Au6 (19.6 kcal/mol), but increased a little more for Au8 (25.6 kcal/mol). As a result, if a visible light with a frequency of ν ≈ 6 × 1014 Hz (500 nm) is applied, the time for the recovery of Au6 and Au8 from the most stable complexes will be about 0.38 and 9.3 × 103 s, respectively, at 298 K in water. The Au6 is in addition found to benefit from a larger change of energy gap that could be converted to an electrical signal for detection of cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Vu Nhat
- Department of Chemistry, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Pham Tran Nguyen Nguyen
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Computational Chemistry Lab, Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Sciences, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Si
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
- Computational Chemistry Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
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Adimasu M, Sebsibie G, Abebe F, Baye G, Abere K. Recovery time from severe acute malnutrition and associated factors among under-5 children in Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study. Epidemiol Health 2020; 42:e2020003. [PMID: 32023778 PMCID: PMC7056942 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2020003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recovery time from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is often a neglected topic despite its clinical impact. Although a few studies have examined nutritional recovery time, the length of hospitalization in those studies varied greatly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the recovery time from SAM and to identify predictors of length of hospitalization among under-5 children. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 423 under-5 children with SAM who had been admitted to Yekatit 12 Hospital. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate time to nutritional recovery, and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors. RESULTS The nutritional recovery rate was 81.3%, and the median recovery time was 15.00 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.61 to 16.39). Age, daily weight gain per kilogram of body weight, vaccination status, and the existence of at least 1 comorbidity (e.g., pneumonia, stunting, shock, and deworming) were found to be significant independent predictors of nutritional recovery time. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for nutritional recovery decreased by 1.9% for every 1-month increase in child age (aHR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97 to 0.99). CONCLUSIONS The overall nutritional recovery time in this study was within the Sphere standards. However, approximately 13.0% of children stayed in the hospital for more than 28.00 days, which is an unacceptably large proportion. Daily weight gain of ≥8 g/kg, full vaccination, and deworming with albendazole or mebendazole reduced nutritional recovery time. Conversely, older age, pneumonia, stunting, and shock increased nutritional recovery time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekonen Adimasu
- School of Nursing, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Girum Sebsibie
- School of Nursing, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Fikrtemariam Abebe
- School of Nursing, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Getaneh Baye
- Debre Berhan University College of Medicine, Debre-Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Kerebih Abere
- School of Nursing, Addis Ababa University College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Bossola M, Di Stasio E, Monteburini T, Parodi E, Ippoliti F, Bonomini M, Santarelli S, Eugenio Nebiolo P, Sirolli V, Cenerelli S. Intensity, Duration, and Frequency of Post-Dialysis Fatigue in Patients on Chronic Haemodialysis. J Ren Care 2020; 46:115-123. [PMID: 31984649 DOI: 10.1111/jorc.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although frequent and debilitating, little is known about the characteristics of post-dialysis fatigue (PDF). OBJECTIVE To characterise the intensity, duration and frequency of PDF and the associated variables in patients on chronic haemodialyses. DESIGN Prospective, observational and multicenter study. PATIENTS We studied 271 patients. MEASUREMENTS Patients were considered to be suffering from PDF if they spontaneously offered this complaint when asked the open-ended question: "Do you feel fatigued after dialysis? Then, each patient was invited to rate the intensity, duration and frequency of PDF from 1 to 5. RESULTS One hundred sixty-four patients (60.5%) had PDF. The median [95% confidence interval (CI)] scores of PDF intensity, duration and frequency were 3 (3-4), 3 (3-4) and 4 (4-4), respectively. The median (95% CI) of the sum of the scores (Sum Score) of PDF intensity, duration and frequency was 11 (10-12). Seventy four patients had a Sum Score ≥ 12. Using multiple regression analysis, PDF intensity was associated with dialytic age and ultrafiltration rate (UFR), PDF duration with dialytic age, while PDF fatigue frequency was associated with height. The Sum Score was associated with dialytic age and recovery time and negatively associated with daily activity, height and UFR (ml/kg/h). CONCLUSION The intensity, duration and frequency of PDF are high in a large percentage of patients, suggesting that PDF is an intense event in terms of quantity and quality. Understanding the relationship between the variables associated with PDF and its intensity, duration and frequency may help better understand the underlying mechanisms of this burdensome condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Bossola
- Servizio Emodialisi, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Enrico Di Stasio
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy.,Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Parodi
- Dipartimento di Nefrologia, Ospedale "Umberto Parini", Aosta, Italy
| | - Fabio Ippoliti
- Dipartimento di Nefrologia, Ospedale "Civile", Senigallia, Italia
| | - Mario Bonomini
- Dipartimento di Nefrologia, Università di Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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Zhang XX, Qin J, Yuan JW, Lu MX, Du YZ. Cloning of a new HSP70 gene from western flowerthrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, and expression patterns during thermal stress. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7687. [PMID: 31579591 PMCID: PMC6765361 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) is an invasive pest that endangers a wide variety of horticultural and agronomic crops. HSP70 is the most important member of the heat shock protein (HSP) family and plays an important role in insect thermal tolerance. In this study, a new gene encoding HSP70 from F. occidentalis, Fohsp706, was selected from the F. occidentalis transcriptome exposed to thermal stress (40 °C) and cloned by RT-PCR and RACE. Further characterization indicated that Fohsp706 localizes to the cytoplasm and does not contain introns. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR indicated that Fohsp706 expression was significantly up-regulated by thermal stress; furthermore, there were significant differences in Fohsp706 expression in adults and second instar nymphs after heat stress. Our results indicated that Fohsp706 contributes to thermotolerance in F. occidentalis and provides another example of how this pest adapts to unfavorable environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiang Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Qin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Wen Yuan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Xing Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection & Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Chen G, Huang K, Ji B, Chen C, Liu C, Wang X, Zhao X. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy in a Chinese Tertiary Care Center: a retrospective study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300:897-901. [PMID: 31435779 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe some prenatal clinical features and laboratory findings of AFLP and provide the clinicians with potential predictors in postpartum recovery time. METHODS Forty-four cases of AFLP previously treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS The maternal and fetal mortalities after treatment were both 18.2%. The main symptoms of AFLP were nausea and vomiting (63.6%), jaundice (61.4%). Moreover, the most common maternal complication was acute renal dysfunction (79.5%), followed by DIC (47.7%) and MODS (38.6%). The level of platelets, total protein and total bilirubin were found to be correlated with postpartum recovery time (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.434, P = 0.008; 0.466, P = 0.005; 0.484, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS AFLP is a rare, but lethal complication in the third trimester. Termination of pregnancy should be applied once AFLP was highly suspected. Prenatal platelets, total protein and total bilirubin may be potential predictors of postpartum recovery.
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Herzog-Niescery J, Steffens T, Bellgardt M, Breuer-Kaiser A, Gude P, Vogelsang H, Weber TP, Seipp HM. Photoacoustic gas monitoring for anesthetic gas pollution measurements and its cross-sensitivity to alcoholic disinfectants. BMC Anesthesiol 2019; 19:148. [PMID: 31399025 PMCID: PMC6689173 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-019-0822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Real-time photoacoustic gas monitoring is used for personnel exposure and environmental monitoring, but its accuracy varies when organic solvents such as alcohol contaminate measurements. This is problematic for anesthetic gas measurements in hospitals, because most disinfectants contain alcohol, which could lead to false-high gas concentrations. We investigated the cross-sensitivities of the photoacoustic gas monitor Innova 1412 (AirTech Instruments, LumaSense, Denmark) against alcohols and alcoholic disinfectants while measuring sevoflurane, desflurane and isoflurane in a laboratory and in hospital during surgery. Methods 25 mL ethyl alcohol was distributed on a hotplate. An optical filter for isoflurane was used and the gas monitor measured the ‘isoflurane’ concentration for five minutes with the measuring probe fixed 30 cm above the hotplate. Then, 5 mL isoflurane was added vaporized via an Anesthetic Conserving Device (Sedana Medical, Uppsala, Sweden). After one-hour measurement, 25 mL isopropyl alcohol, N-propanol, and two alcoholic disinfectants were subsequently added, each in combination with 5 mL isoflurane. The same experiment was in turn performed for sevoflurane and desflurane. The practical impact of the cross-sensitivity was investigated on abdominal surgeons who were exposed intraoperatively to sevoflurane. A new approach to overcome the gas monitor’s cross-sensitivity is presented. Results Cross-sensitivity was observed for all alcohols and its strength characteristic for the tested agent. Simultaneous uses of anesthetic gases and alcohols increased the concentrations and the recovery times significantly, especially while sevoflurane was utilized. Intraoperative measurements revealed mean and maximum sevoflurane concentrations of 0.61 ± 0.26 ppm and 15.27 ± 14.62 ppm. We replaced the cross-sensitivity peaks with the 10th percentile baseline of the anesthetic gas concentration. This reduced mean and maximum concentrations significantly by 37% (p < 0.001) and 86% (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion Photoacoustic gas monitoring is useful to detect lowest anesthetic gases concentrations, but cross-sensitivity caused one third falsely high measured mean gas concentration. One possibility to eliminate these peaks is the recovery time-based baseline approach. Caution should be taken while measuring sevoflurane, since marked cross-sensitivity peaks are to be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Herzog-Niescery
- Department of Anesthesiology, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Thomas Steffens
- Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
| | - Martin Bellgardt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Breuer-Kaiser
- Department of Anesthesiology, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Philipp Gude
- Department of Anesthesiology, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heike Vogelsang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Peter Weber
- Department of Anesthesiology, Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, Ruhr-University Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Gudrunstraße 56, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Seipp
- Department of Life Science Engineering, University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
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Fikrie A, Alemayehu A, Gebremedhin S. Treatment outcomes and factors affecting time-to-recovery from severe acute malnutrition in 6-59 months old children admitted to a stabilization center in Southern Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study. Ital J Pediatr 2019; 45:46. [PMID: 30971316 PMCID: PMC6458656 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-019-0642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite improving access to Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) management, information on the quality of the service, as measured by timely recovery, is scare. This study is designed to assess treatment outcomes and factors affecting time-to-recovery from SAM in children 6-59 months admitted to a stabilizing center in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HU-CSH), Southern Ethiopia. METHODS Institutional-based retrospective cohort study was conducted on 420 randomly selected children aged 6-59 months. The children were managed at the hospital from July, 2015 to June, 2017. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to extract data from medical records. Data were analyzed using Kaplan Meir (KM) curve, Log rank test and Cox-Proportional hazards model. The outputs of the bivariable and multivariable Cox model are presented using Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) with the respective 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). RESULTS After a maximum of 59 days treatment 69.3% of the children recovered and 10.8% died. The mean (±SD) weight gain rates was 12.7 (±8.9) g/kg/days. The overall incidence density rate of recovery was 3.8 per 100 person-days. The overall median (IQR) time of recovery was 17(10, 24) days. F-100 intake (AHR = 0.502, 95%, CI: 0.29-0.86), Tuberculosis infection (AHR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.00-1.91) and provision of special medication (IV fluid, IV antibiotic and blood transfusion) (AHR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52-0.99) at admission were found to be significant predictors of time-to-recovery from SAM. CONCLUSION The overall recovery from complicated SAM children admitted at HU-CSH after a maximum of 59 days treatment was low (69.4%) and a very high proportion of children (10.8%) end up in death. Therefore, HU-CSH should give special focus for those children present with medical comorbidities during admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anteneh Fikrie
- Community Service and Research Directorate, Pharma College Hawassa Campus, P.O.B: 67, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Akalewold Alemayehu
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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Du J, Park K, Dellapenna TM, Clay JM. Dramatic hydrodynamic and sedimentary responses in Galveston Bay and adjacent inner shelf to Hurricane Harvey. Sci Total Environ 2019; 653:554-564. [PMID: 30414585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hurricane Harvey, one of the worst hurricanes that hit the United States in recent history, poured record-breaking rainfall across the Houston metropolitan area. Based on a comprehensive set of data from various sources, we examined the dramatic responses in hydrodynamic and sedimentary processes of Galveston Bay to this extreme event. Using a freshwater fraction method that circumvents the uncertainties in surface runoff and groundwater discharge, the freshwater load into the bay during Harvey and the following month was estimated to be 11.1 × 109 m3, about 3 times the bay volume, which had completely refreshed the entire bay. Harvey also delivered 9.86 × 107 metric tons of sediment into the bay, equivalent to 18 years of average annual sediment load. At a site inside the San Jacinto Estuary, acute bed erosion of 48 cm followed by deposition of 22 cm of new sediment was observed from the sediment cores. Slow salinity recovery (~2 month) and a thick flood deposit (~10.5 cm average over the entire bay) had likely impacted the ecosystem in the bay and the adjacent inner shelf. Estuaries with similar bathymetric and geometric characteristics, i.e., shallow bathymetry with narrow outlets, are expected to experience similar dramatic estuarine responses while extreme precipitation events are expected to occur more frequently under the warming climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabi Du
- Department of Marine Sciences, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77554, United States.
| | - Kyeong Park
- Department of Marine Sciences, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77554, United States
| | - Timothy M Dellapenna
- Department of Marine Sciences, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77554, United States
| | - Jacinta M Clay
- Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
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Yismaw L, Alemu K, Addis A, Alene M. Time to recovery from obstetric fistula and determinants in Gondar university teaching and referral hospital, northwest Ethiopia. BMC Womens Health 2019; 19:5. [PMID: 30616532 PMCID: PMC6323782 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-018-0700-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstetric fistula is an abnormal connection between the vagina and rectum and/or bladder, which leads to continuous urinary or fecal incontinence. It is a serious problem in the world poorest countries, where most mothers give birth without any medical care. In most cases obstetric fistula is preventable and can be treated successfully, if it is carried out by a competent surgeon with a good follow-up of postoperative care. However, there remains to explore more on the duration of obstetric fistula recovery and determinant factors. The aim of this study was to estimate the average recovery time of obstetric fistula and to identify its determinants in Gondar University teaching and referral hospital, northwest Ethiopia. METHOD A retrospective follow up study was conducted at Gondar University teaching and referral hospital. A total of 612 fistula cases were included in the study and simple random sampling technique was applied to select the study subjects. Kaplan-Meier and log rank test were computed to explore the data. Weibull regression survival model with univariate frailty was done to identify the determinant factors of time to recovery. RESULTS Of 612 fistula patients, 539(88.07%) were recovered. The Average (median) recovery time was 5.14 (IQR = 3.14, 9.14) weeks. Using Antibiotic (AHR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.11-2.01), having history of antenatal care (ANC) (AHR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.39-2.73), being literate (AHR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.62-3.06), duration of bladder catheterization (AHR = 0.93, CI = 0.90-0.95) and being multiparous (AHR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.17-1.96) were a significant predictors of the rate of recovery. Also, underweight (AHR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.30-0.68), overweight (AHR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.41-0.76), being obese (AHR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.21-0.80), having extensive fistula (AHR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.73-0.91), large fistula (AHR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.23-0.78), medium width (AHR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.43-0.91) and large width (AHR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.23-0.78) were statistically significant predictors of the rate of recovery from fistula patients. CONCLUSION The average recovery time from obstetric fistula patients was 5.14 weeks. Small Length and width of fistula, patients' educational status (literacy), antibiotic use, history of antenatal care visits, normal BMI, short period catheterization and being multiparous were the significant determinate variables which shorten the recovery time of obstetric fistula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leltework Yismaw
- Department of Public Health, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
| | - Kassahun Alemu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Addis
- Department of Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Muluneh Alene
- Department of Statistics, Mizan-Tepi University, Teppi, Ethiopia
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Glazebrook M, Younger ASE, Daniels TR, Singh D, Blundell C, de Vries G, Le ILD, Nielsen D, Pedersen ME, Sakellariou A, Solan M, Wansbrough G, Baumhauer JF. Treatment of first metatarsophalangeal joint arthritis using hemiarthroplasty with a synthetic cartilage implant or arthrodesis: A comparison of operative and recovery time. Foot Ankle Surg 2018; 24:440-447. [PMID: 29409199 DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ1) hemiarthroplasty using a novel synthetic cartilage implant was as effective and safe as MTPJ1 arthrodesis in a randomized clinical trial. We retrospectively evaluated operative time and recovery period for implant hemiarthroplasty (n=152) and MTPJ1 arthrodesis (n=50). METHODS Perioperative data were assessed for operative and anaesthesia times. Recovery and return to function were prospectively assessed with the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) Sports and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) subscales and SF-36 Physical Functioning (PF) subscore. RESULTS Mean operative time for hemiarthroplasty was 35±12.3min and 58±21.5min for arthrodesis (p<0.001). Anaesthesia duration was 28min shorter with hemiarthroplasty (p<0.001). At weeks 2 and 6 postoperative, hemiarthroplasty patients demonstrated clinically and statistically significantly higher FAAM Sport, FAAM ADL, and SF-36 PF subscores versus arthrodesis patients. CONCLUSION MTPJ1 hemiarthroplasty with a synthetic cartilage implant took less operative time and resulted in faster recovery than arthrodesis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III, Retrospective case control study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Glazebrook
- Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax Infirmary (Room 4867), 1796 Summer Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3A7, Canada.
| | - Alastair S E Younger
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, 560-1144 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 2A5, Canada.
| | - Timothy R Daniels
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, 55 Queen St. E, Suite 800, Toronto, ON M5C 1R6, Canada.
| | - Dishan Singh
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, Middlesex HA74LP, United Kingdom.
| | - Chris Blundell
- Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield S7 5AU, United Kingdom.
| | - Gwyneth de Vries
- Dalhousie University and Memorial University of Newfoundland, 440 King Street, Suite 405, Fredericton, NB E3B 5H8, Canada.
| | - Ian L D Le
- University of Calgary and LifeMark Health Centre, 2225 Macleod Trail South, Calgary, Alberta T2G 5B6, Canada.
| | - Dominic Nielsen
- St. George's Hospital, St. James Wing, 5th Floor, Blackshaw Road, London SW170QT, United Kingdom.
| | - M Elizabeth Pedersen
- University of Alberta, Orthopedic Research, 8440-112 Street, 6-110 Clinical Sciences Bldg., Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada.
| | - Anthony Sakellariou
- Frimley Park Hospital, Portsmouth Road, Frimley, Camberley GU167UJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew Solan
- Royal Surrey County Hospital, Egerton Road, Guildford, Surrey GU27XX, United Kingdom.
| | - Guy Wansbrough
- Torbay Hospital, Lawes Bridge, Torquay, Devon TQ27AA, United Kingdom.
| | - Judith F Baumhauer
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Cansu DÜ, Teke HÜ, Bodakçi E, Korkmaz C. How should we manage low-dose methotrexate-induced pancytopenia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37:3419-25. [PMID: 30056523 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4242-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Low-dose methotrexate (ld-MTX) that is administered during rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment has hematological adverse effects such as pancytopenia, although rare. Although well-established and widely used for hematological adverse effects caused by high-dose MTX, leucovorin (folinic acid) treatment does not have an agreed-upon administration for ld-MTX-induced pancytopenia. Here, we aimed to figure out whether there was any difference in response time between the regimens with and without folinic acid prescribed to our patients who developed pancytopenia while on MTX therapy, and to identify risk factors for its development. Our cases were collectively assessed together with other rare cases available in the literature that were reported in a similar manner with an explicitly indicated response time, in days. Thereupon, we looked for any difference in response time between the regimens with and without folinic acid. In total, ten of our patients experienced pancytopenia while on ld-MTX treatment. Mean day on which hematological response was achieved was as follows: 7 days in one patient on folic acid monotherapy, 6 days in three patients on granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) monotherapy, 4.5 days in two patients on leucovorin monotherapy, and 4 days in the remaining three patients who were treated with G-CSF + folinic acid/leucovorin. When we collectively evaluated our patients and the patients with an explicitly stated response duration in the literature (15 patients) and compared regimens including folinic acid to those without folinic acid, duration until response/recovery from pancytopenia was significantly shorter in folinic acid group than that in the group without folinic acid (5.47 ± 2.9 days vs 10 ± 3.77 days, p = 0.002). Treatment modalities including folinic acid (leucovorin) either with or without G-CSF result in a shorter recovery/response time compared to other agents. Leucovorin should definitely be considered and applied in rescue therapy for ld-MTX-associated side effects.
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Nagarajan V, Thayumanavan A. CdFe 2O 4 films for electroresistive detection of ethanol and formaldehyde vapors. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:319. [PMID: 29876668 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2855-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Spinel CdFe2O4 thin films were synthesized by spray pyrolysis. The structural probe studies confirmed the multicrystalline nature of the films with their spinel structure. The crystallites have sizes between 13 and 37 nm and island morphology. The energy dispersive spectroscopy reveals the presence of iron, oxygen and cadmium in the film. The room temperature electrical resistance of the thin film, best measured at a voltage of 10 V, decreases rapidly if it is exposed to vapors of formaldehyde or ethanol. The sensor has detection limits of 15 ppm for ethanol and of 15 ppm for formaldehyde and a sensitivity of 0.0387 nA per ppm of ethanol. Graphical abstract The perception on the interaction properties of alcohol vapors namely ethanol and formaldehyde in CdFe2O4 thin film. This work clearly suggested that the CdFe2O4 material is a good candidate for sensing ethanol and formaldehyde vapor molecules.
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Hernando B, Martinez-Simon A, Cacho-Asenjo E, Troconiz IF, Honorato-Cia C, Panadero A, Naval LL, Nuñez-Cordoba JM. Recovery time after oral and maxillofacial ambulatory surgery with dexmedetomidine: an observational study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 23:391-397. [PMID: 29679228 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2447-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between pharmacokinetic descriptors of dexmedetomidine (predicted area under the curve during the procedure, predicted plasma level at the end of the procedure, and duration of procedure) and sedation depth (proportion of time with bispectral index < 85 during the procedure) with recovery time after ambulatory procedures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical observational study of patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial ambulatory surgery with dexmedetomidine as sole sedative agent. Patients received a loading dose of dexmedetomidine (0.25-1 μg kg-1) followed by a maintenance infusion (0.2-1.4 μg kg-1 h-1) to keep a bispectral index < 85 until 5 min before the end of the procedure, and were transferred to a post-anesthesia care unit until criteria for discharge were met. RESULTS Data from 75 patients was analyzed. Sedation depth was directly associated with recovery time (Pearson correlation coefficient [r] = 0.26; p = 0.024). Around 7% of the variation in recovery time was explained by the proportion of time with bispectral index < 85. No association with procedure duration (r = 0.01; p = 0.9), predicted area under the curve (r = 0.1; p = 0.4), or predicted plasma level of dexmedetomidine at the end of the procedure (r = 0.12; p = 0.3) with recovery time was observed. CONCLUSIONS Sedation depth with dexmedetomidine could play a role in increasing recovery time after oral and maxillofacial ambulatory surgery. In our study, the pharmacokinetic descriptors of dexmedetomidine did not seem to influence recovery time. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Sedation depth with dexmedetomidine could play a role in increasing recovery time after ambulatory procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Hernando
- Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Critical Care, University of Navarra Clinic, Pio XII n° 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Antonio Martinez-Simon
- Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Critical Care, University of Navarra Clinic, Pio XII n° 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Cacho-Asenjo
- Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Critical Care, University of Navarra Clinic, Pio XII n° 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñaki F Troconiz
- Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Honorato-Cia
- Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Critical Care, University of Navarra Clinic, Pio XII n° 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfredo Panadero
- Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Critical Care, University of Navarra Clinic, Pio XII n° 36, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis L Naval
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jorge M Nuñez-Cordoba
- Research Support Service, Central Clinical Trials Unit, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
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Asres DT, Prasad RPCJ, Ayele TA. Recovery time and associated factors of severe acute malnutrition among children in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: an institution based retrospective cohort study. BMC Nutr 2018; 4:17. [PMID: 32153881 PMCID: PMC7050698 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-018-0224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Malnutrition commonly affects all groups in a community, but infants and young children are the most vulnerable. Worldwide, nearly 24 million under five children experience severe acute malnutrition (SAM) which contributes to one million child deaths yearly and 19 million severely wasted children are living in developing countries. While the treatment of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is well established, achieving desired outcomes has proven to be challenging. There is limited evidence showing the success of treatments in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to determine recovery time from severe acute malnutrition and identify predictors among children of 6-59 months of age. Methods Facility based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 401 children 6-59 months of age who have been treated for SAM. Both descriptive and analytic analyses were executed. The results were determined using Kaplan-Meier procedure, log-rank test and Cox-regression. Variables having P-value ≤0.2 during binary analysis were entered into multivariate analysis. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The recovery rate was 51.9% and the median recovery time was 16 days (95%CI: 14.233-17.767). Controlling for other factors; having anemia at admission, no plumpy nut provision, failing to enter in to phase 2 on day 10 and a weight gain of more than 8 g/kg/day were significant predictors of recovery time. Conclusions Nutritional recovery rate was far outside of the accepted minimum international standard while median recovery time ranged in the accepted minimum international standard. Children had a lower chance of recovering early when they had anemia at admission, not provided plumpy nut, failed to enter phase 2 on day 10 and failed to gain more than 8 g/kg/day. Therefore, efforts should be strengthened to facilitate early recovery of children by considering the identified predictors of recovery time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degnet Teferi Asres
- 1Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Reddy P C J Prasad
- 1Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Awoke Ayele
- 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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