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Asselstine V, Medrano JF, Muniz MMM, Mallard BA, Karrow NA, Cánovas A. Novel lncRNA regulatory elements in milk somatic cells of Holstein dairy cows associated with mastitis. Commun Biol 2024; 7:98. [PMID: 38225372 PMCID: PMC10789785 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite regulatory elements such as long non - coding RNAs representing most of the transcriptome, the functional understanding of long non - coding RNAs in relation to major health conditions including bovine mastitis is limited. This study examined the milk somatic cell transcriptome from udder quarters of 6 Holstein dairy cows to identify differentially expressed long non - coding RNAs using RNA - Sequencing. Ninety - four differentially expressed long non - coding RNAs are identified, 5 of which are previously annotated for gene name and length, 11 are annotated for gene name and 78 are novel, having no gene name or length previously annotated. Significant inflammatory response and regulation of immune response pathways (false discovery rate < 0.05) are associated with the differentially expressed long non - coding RNAs. QTL annotation analysis revealed 31 QTL previously annotated in the genomic regions of the 94 differentially expressed long non - coding RNAs, and the majority are associated with milk traits. This research provides a better understanding of long non - coding RNAs regulatory elements in milk somatic cells, which may enhance current breeding strategies for more adaptable or high mastitis resistant cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Asselstine
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Juan F Medrano
- Department of Animal Science, University of California-Davis, 95616, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Malane M M Muniz
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Bonnie A Mallard
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Niel A Karrow
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Angela Cánovas
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Metzemaekers M, Malengier-Devlies B, Gouwy M, De Somer L, Cunha FDQ, Opdenakker G, Proost P. Fast and furious: The neutrophil and its armamentarium in health and disease. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:1537-1606. [PMID: 37036061 DOI: 10.1002/med.21958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are powerful effector cells leading the first wave of acute host-protective responses. These innate leukocytes are endowed with oxidative and nonoxidative defence mechanisms, and play well-established roles in fighting invading pathogens. With microbicidal weaponry largely devoid of specificity and an all-too-well recognized toxicity potential, collateral damage may occur in neutrophil-rich diseases. However, emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils are more versatile, heterogeneous, and sophisticated cells than initially thought. At the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity, neutrophils demonstrate their multifaceted functions in infectious and noninfectious pathologies including cancer, autoinflammation, and autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the kinetics of neutrophils and their products of activation from bench to bedside during health and disease, and provide an overview of the versatile functions of neutrophils as key modulators of immune responses and physiological processes. We focus specifically on those activities and concepts that have been validated with primary human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Metzemaekers
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert Malengier-Devlies
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Gouwy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lien De Somer
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA) at the University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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3
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Possibilities of using T-cell biophysical biomarkers of ageing. Expert Rev Mol Med 2022; 24:e35. [PMID: 36111609 PMCID: PMC9884748 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is interrelated with the development of immunosenescence. This article focuses on one of the cell sets of the adaptive immune system, T cells, and provides a review of the known changes in T cells associated with ageing. Such fundamental changes affect both cell molecular content and internal ordering. However, acquiring a complete description of the changes at these levels would require extensive measurements of parameters and, furthermore, important fine details of the internal ordering that may be difficult to detect. Therefore, an alternative approach for the characterisation of cells consists of the performance of physical measurements of the whole cell, such as deformability measurements or migration measurements: the physical parameters, complementing the commonly used chemical biomarkers, may contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of T-cell states during ageing. Mechanical measurements, among other biophysical measurements, have the advantage of their relative simplicity: one single parameter agglutinates the complex effects of the variety of changes that gradually appear in cells during ageing.
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Interconnections between Inflammageing and Immunosenescence during Ageing. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030359. [PMID: 35159168 PMCID: PMC8834134 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation is a physiological response to injury or infection, with a cascade of steps that ultimately lead to the recruitment of immune cells to clear invading pathogens and heal wounds. However, chronic inflammation arising from the continued presence of the initial trigger, or the dysfunction of signalling and/or effector pathways, is harmful to health. While successful ageing in older adults, including centenarians, is associated with low levels of inflammation, elevated inflammation increases the risk of poor health and death. Hence inflammation has been described as one of seven pillars of ageing. Age-associated sterile, chronic, and low-grade inflammation is commonly termed inflammageing-it is not simply a consequence of increasing chronological age, but is also a marker of biological ageing, multimorbidity, and mortality risk. While inflammageing was initially thought to be caused by "continuous antigenic load and stress", reports from the last two decades describe a much more complex phenomenon also involving cellular senescence and the ageing of the immune system. In this review, we explore some of the main sources and consequences of inflammageing in the context of immunosenescence and highlight potential interventions. In particular, we assess the contribution of cellular senescence to age-associated inflammation, identify patterns of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers characteristic of inflammageing, describe alterations in the ageing immune system that lead to elevated inflammation, and finally assess the ways that diet, exercise, and pharmacological interventions can reduce inflammageing and thus, improve later life health.
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Metzemaekers M, Malengier-Devlies B, Yu K, Vandendriessche S, Yserbyt J, Matthys P, De Somer L, Wouters C, Proost P. Synovial Fluid Neutrophils From Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Display a Hyperactivated Phenotype. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:875-884. [PMID: 33264510 DOI: 10.1002/art.41605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in childhood. The predominant subtypes, oligoarticular and polyarticular JIA, are traditionally considered to be autoimmune diseases with a central role for T cells and autoantibodies. Mounting evidence suggests an important role for neutrophils in JIA pathogenesis. We undertook this study to investigate the phenotypic features of neutrophils present in the blood and inflamed joints of patients. METHODS JIA synovial fluid (SF) and parallel blood samples from JIA patients and healthy children were collected. SF-treated neutrophils from healthy donors and pleural neutrophils from patients with pleural effusion were investigated as controls for SF exposure and extravasation. Multicolor flow cytometry panels allowed for in-depth phenotypic analysis of neutrophils, focusing on the expression of adhesion molecules, activation, and maturation markers and chemoattractant receptors. Multiplex technology was used to quantify cytokines in plasma and SF. RESULTS SF neutrophils displayed an activated, hypersegmented phenotype with decreased CD62L expression, up-regulation of adhesion molecules CD66b, CD11b, and CD15, and down-regulation of CXCR1/2. An elevated percentage of CXCR4-positive neutrophils was detected in SF from patients. Pleural neutrophils showed less pronounced maturation differences. Strikingly, significant percentages of SF neutrophils showed a profound up-regulation of atypical neutrophil markers, including CXCR3, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and HLA-DR. CONCLUSION Our data show that neutrophils in inflamed joints of JIA patients have an activated phenotype. This detailed molecular analysis supports the notion that a complex intertwining between these innate immune cells and adaptive immune events drives JIA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Yu
- Katholieke University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Lien De Somer
- European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA), University Hospitals Leuven, and Katholieke University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carine Wouters
- European Reference Network for Rare Immunodeficiency, Autoinflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases (RITA), University Hospitals Leuven, and Katholieke University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- Katholieke University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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6
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Tavakoli S, Xiao L. Depletion of Intestinal Microbiome Partially Rescues Bone Loss in Sickle Cell Disease Male Mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8659. [PMID: 31209247 PMCID: PMC6572770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis or osteopenia are common clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease (SCD) with unclear mechanisms. Since senescence of circulating neutrophil can be modulated by signals derived from intestinal microbiome and neutrophils are abundant in bone marrow and can regulate osteoblasts and osteoclasts, we examined whether gut microbiome contributes to bone loss in SCD mice. SCD and their littermates control mice were treated with antibiotics to deplete gut microbiome. At the end of 7 weeks treatment, serum was collected for biochemistry marker measurements. Bone mass and remodeling were evaluated by dual beam X-ray absorptiometry, micro-computed tomography, and histomorphometry. Bone-related genes in tibia and barrier marker genes in the small intestine were analyzed by quantitative PCR. Antibiotic treatment rescued increased intestinal inflammatory cytokine marker genes (Tnfα, IL17, Ifnγ) expression, rescued decreased intestinal barrier marker genes (claudin 3 and claudin 15) expression, and rescued increased serum cytokines (IFNγ, IL27, IL10) in SCD mice. Antibiotic significantly improved decreased bone mass in SCD mice mainly through enhanced osteoblast function and increased osteoblast-related genes (Runx2 and Igf1) expression in SCD mice. Our findings support that increased bacteria load augments antigenic load traversing the impaired intestinal barrier through inflammation, leading to increased inflammatory cytokines, impaired osteoblast function, and bone loss in SCD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tavakoli
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Liping Xiao
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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Adrover JM, Del Fresno C, Crainiciuc G, Cuartero MI, Casanova-Acebes M, Weiss LA, Huerga-Encabo H, Silvestre-Roig C, Rossaint J, Cossío I, Lechuga-Vieco AV, García-Prieto J, Gómez-Parrizas M, Quintana JA, Ballesteros I, Martin-Salamanca S, Aroca-Crevillen A, Chong SZ, Evrard M, Balabanian K, López J, Bidzhekov K, Bachelerie F, Abad-Santos F, Muñoz-Calleja C, Zarbock A, Soehnlein O, Weber C, Ng LG, Lopez-Rodriguez C, Sancho D, Moro MA, Ibáñez B, Hidalgo A. A Neutrophil Timer Coordinates Immune Defense and Vascular Protection. Immunity 2019; 50:390-402.e10. [PMID: 30709741 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils eliminate pathogens efficiently but can inflict severe damage to the host if they over-activate within blood vessels. It is unclear how immunity solves the dilemma of mounting an efficient anti-microbial defense while preserving vascular health. Here, we identify a neutrophil-intrinsic program that enabled both. The gene Bmal1 regulated expression of the chemokine CXCL2 to induce chemokine receptor CXCR2-dependent diurnal changes in the transcriptional and migratory properties of circulating neutrophils. These diurnal alterations, referred to as neutrophil aging, were antagonized by CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4) and regulated the outer topology of neutrophils to favor homeostatic egress from blood vessels at night, resulting in boosted anti-microbial activity in tissues. Mice engineered for constitutive neutrophil aging became resistant to infection, but the persistence of intravascular aged neutrophils predisposed them to thrombo-inflammation and death. Thus, diurnal compartmentalization of neutrophils, driven by an internal timer, coordinates immune defense and vascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Adrover
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Del Fresno
- Area of Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Georgiana Crainiciuc
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Cuartero
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Casanova-Acebes
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Present address: Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Linnea A Weiss
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Present address: Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hector Huerga-Encabo
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona
| | - Carlos Silvestre-Roig
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Itziar Cossío
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana V Lechuga-Vieco
- Area of Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime García-Prieto
- Area of Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez-Parrizas
- Area of Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Quintana
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivan Ballesteros
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Martin-Salamanca
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Aroca-Crevillen
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shu Zhen Chong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Maximilien Evrard
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Karl Balabanian
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S996, Université Paris-Sud, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Clamart, France
| | - Jorge López
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kiril Bidzhekov
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München
| | - Françoise Bachelerie
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) S996, Université Paris-Sud, Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative Therapeutics, Clamart, France
| | - Francisco Abad-Santos
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cecilia Muñoz-Calleja
- Department of Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Medicine, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München; Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Biopolis, Singapore
| | - Cristina Lopez-Rodriguez
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona
| | - David Sancho
- Area of Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Moro
- Unidad de Investigación Neurovascular, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibáñez
- Area of Myocardial Pathophysiology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Developmental and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität München.
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Morikis VA, Simon SI. Neutrophil Mechanosignaling Promotes Integrin Engagement With Endothelial Cells and Motility Within Inflamed Vessels. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2774. [PMID: 30546362 PMCID: PMC6279920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most motile of mammalian cells, a feature that enables them to protect the host against the rapid spread of pathogens from tissue into the circulatory system. A critical process is the recruitment of neutrophils to inflamed endothelium within post-capillary venules. This occurs through cooperation between at least four families of adhesion molecules and G-protein coupled signaling receptors. These adhesion molecules convert the drag force induced by blood flow acting on the cell surface into bond tension that resists detachment. A common feature of selectin-glycoprotein tethering and integrin-ICAM bond formation is the mechanics by which force acting on these specific receptor-ligand pairs influences their longevity, strength, and topographic organization on the plasma membrane. Another distinctly mechanical aspect of neutrophil guidance is the capacity of adhesive bonds to convert external mechanical force into internal biochemical signals through the transmission of force from the outside-in at focal sites of adhesive traction on inflamed endothelium. Within this region of the plasma membrane, we denote the inflammatory synapse, Ca2+ release, and intracellular signaling provide directional cues that guide actin assembly and myosin driven motive force. This review provides an overview of how bond formation and outside-in signaling controls neutrophil recruitment and migration relative to the hydrodynamic shear force of blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios A Morikis
- Simon Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Scott I Simon
- Simon Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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9
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Abstract
Circadian rhythms are a ubiquitous feature of virtually all living organisms, regulating a wide diversity of physiological systems. It has long been established that the circadian clockwork plays a key role in innate immune responses, and recent studies reveal that several aspects of adaptive immunity are also under circadian control. We discuss the latest insights into the genetic and biochemical mechanisms linking immunity to the core circadian clock of the cell and hypothesize as to why the immune system is so tightly controlled by circadian oscillations. Finally, we consider implications for human health, including vaccination strategies and the emerging field of chrono-immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Scheiermann
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Biomedical Centre, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.
| | - Julie Gibbs
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Louise Ince
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Biomedical Centre, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Andrew Loudon
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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10
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Adrover JM, Nicolás-Ávila JA, Hidalgo A. Aging: A Temporal Dimension for Neutrophils. Trends Immunol 2016; 37:334-345. [PMID: 27083489 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are first-responders, providing early protection against invading pathogens. Recent findings have revealed a temporal dimension to neutrophil function, associated with the clearance cycles for aging neutrophils, and also with a program that endows circulating neutrophils with distinct phenotypic and functional properties at different times of the day, before they are cleared from blood. We review here the process of neutrophil aging and its impact on homeostasis and inflammation. We outline the features of aged neutrophils, examine proposed mechanisms that drive aging, and discuss how these processes may contribute to tissue homeostasis and pathology. In this context we propose that neutrophil aging may optimize host defense by allowing neutrophils to anticipate infections while avoiding permanent activation and subsequent damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Adrover
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - José A Nicolás-Ávila
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain.
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11
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Fattori V, Amaral FA, Verri WA. Neutrophils and arthritis: Role in disease and pharmacological perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 112:84-98. [PMID: 26826283 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The inflammatory response in the joint can induce an intense accumulation of leukocytes in the tissue that frequently results in severe local damage and loss of function. Neutrophils are essential cells to combat many pathogens, but their arsenal can contribute or aggravate articular inflammation. Here we summarized some aspects of neutrophil biology, their role in inflammation and indicated how the modulation of neutrophil functions could be useful for the treatment of different forms of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Fattori
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Flavio A Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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12
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Zhang D, Chen G, Manwani D, Mortha A, Xu C, Faith JJ, Burk RD, Kunisaki Y, Jang JE, Scheiermann C, Merad M, Frenette PS. Neutrophil ageing is regulated by the microbiome. Nature 2015; 525:528-32. [PMID: 26374999 PMCID: PMC4712631 DOI: 10.1038/nature15367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 550] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils provide immune protection against pathogens, but may also promote tissue injury in inflammatory diseases. Although neutrophils are generally considered to be a relatively homogeneous population, evidence for heterogeneity is emerging. Under steady-state conditions, neutrophil heterogeneity may arise from ageing and replenishment by newly released neutrophils from the bone marrow. Aged neutrophils upregulate CXCR4, a receptor allowing their clearance in the bone marrow, with feedback inhibition of neutrophil production via the IL-17/G-CSF axis, and rhythmic modulation of the haematopoietic stem-cell niche. The aged subset also expresses low levels of L-selectin. Previous studies have suggested that in vitro-aged neutrophils exhibit impaired migration and reduced pro-inflammatory properties. Here, using in vivo ageing analyses in mice, we show that neutrophil pro-inflammatory activity correlates positively with their ageing whilst in circulation. Aged neutrophils represent an overly active subset exhibiting enhanced αMβ2 integrin activation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation under inflammatory conditions. Neutrophil ageing is driven by the microbiota via Toll-like receptor and myeloid differentiation factor 88-mediated signalling pathways. Depletion of the microbiota significantly reduces the number of circulating aged neutrophils and dramatically improves the pathogenesis and inflammation-related organ damage in models of sickle-cell disease or endotoxin-induced septic shock. These results identify a role for the microbiota in regulating a disease-promoting neutrophil subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dachuan Zhang
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Grace Chen
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Deepa Manwani
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.,The Immunology Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Chunliang Xu
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Jeremiah J Faith
- The Immunology Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.,The Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Yuya Kunisaki
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Jung-Eun Jang
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Miriam Merad
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.,The Immunology Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Paul S Frenette
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.,Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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13
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Poniedziałek B, Rzymski P, Karczewski J. Cylindrospermopsin decreases the oxidative burst capacity of human neutrophils. Toxicon 2014; 87:113-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Gasparoto TH, Vieira NA, Porto VC, Campanelli AP, Lara VS. Ageing exacerbates damage of systemic and salivary neutrophils from patients presenting Candida-related denture stomatitis. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2009; 6:3. [PMID: 19327169 PMCID: PMC2669447 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4933-6-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2008] [Accepted: 03/28/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Ageing leads to a decline in the function of the immune system, increasing the body's susceptibility to infections through the impairment of T-cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells Denture stomatitis is a primary oral disease affecting elderly denture wearers. The major etiologic factor involved in this pathology is the infection by Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogen that causes local and disseminated diseases in immunosuppressed humans. Neutrophils play a critical role in the immune response against C. albicans and are continually present in the salivary fluid and in the blood. The aim of this study was to determine ageing-related changes in salivary and blood neutrophils and their potential implications in Candida-related denture stomatitis. Results Our results showed a lower number of neutrophils in the saliva from patients presenting Candida-related denture stomatitis in comparison to their matched controls. Furthermore, fewer neutrophils were isolated from the saliva of aged control individuals in comparison to matched younger subjects. CXCR1, CD62L and CD11b expression were significantly greater on systemic neutrophils from younger control individuals. Elderly individuals showed more apoptotic salivary neutrophils and lower GM-CSF levels than younger ones, regardless of the occurrence of Candida infection. On the other hand, CXCL-8 concentrations were higher in the saliva from elderly individuals. Besides, TNF-α was detected at elevated levels in the saliva from infected elderly subjects. Salivary neutrophils from elderly and young patients presented impaired phagocytic activity against C. albicans. However, just systemic neutrophils from elderly showed decreased phagocytosis when compared to the younger ones, regardless of the occurrence of infection. In addition, neutrophils from aged individuals and young patients presented low fungicidal activity. Conclusion The data suggests that the Candida related-denture stomatitis is associated to neutrophils function deficiency, and ageing drastically appears to alter important characteristics of such cells, facilitating the establishment of this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Helena Gasparoto
- Department of Biological Sciences (Microbiology and Immunology), Bauru Dental School, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
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15
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Kassirer M, Zeltser D, Gluzman B, Leibovitz E, Goldberg Y, Roth A, Keren G, Rotstein R, Shapira I, Arber N, Berliner AS. The appearance of L-selectin(low) polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the circulating pool of peripheral blood during myocardial infarction correlates with neutrophilia and with the size of the infarct. Clin Cardiol 2009; 22:721-6. [PMID: 10554687 PMCID: PMC6656141 DOI: 10.1002/clc.4960221109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is assumed that not only leukocytosis, but also the activation of white blood cells (WBC) may play a role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Activation of WBC includes upregulation of CD11b/CD18 and downregulation of CD62L (L-selectin) antigens. HYPOTHESIS The activation of WBC is associated with the appearance of a larger MI. METHODS CD11b/CD18 and CD62L were measured on the surface of WBC on Day 1 and Day 3 from the onset of MI. The size of the infarct with estimated by calculating the area under the curve of the creatine kinase enzyme, which was measured every 6 h. RESULTS A negative correlation was noted between the absolute polymorphonuclear count and the availability of the CD62L on these cells during Day 1 (r = -0.46, p = 0.003) and Day 3 (r = -0.35, p = 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the size of MI and the WBC count (r = 0.46, p = 0.004) and a negative correlation with CD62L on polymorphonuclears (r = -0.35, p = 0.03). During Day 3, the CD11b/CD18 on the polymorphonuclears increased despite a decrement in the absolute number of these cells. CONCLUSION The neutrophilia during the early phases of acute MI correspond to the appearance of the L-selectin(low) population of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. There is a correlation between the appearance of this population and the size of the infarct.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kassirer
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel
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16
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Rios-Santos F, Alves-Filho JC, Souto FO, Spiller F, Freitas A, Lotufo CMC, Soares MBP, Dos Santos RR, Teixeira MM, Cunha FDQ. Down-regulation of CXCR2 on neutrophils in severe sepsis is mediated by inducible nitric oxide synthase-derived nitric oxide. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 175:490-7. [PMID: 17138957 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200601-103oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The failure of neutrophils to migrate to an infection focus during severe sepsis is an important determinant of the inability of a host to deal with an infectious insult. Our laboratory has shown that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction and NO production contribute to the failure of neutrophils to migrate in the context of sepsis. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We investigated whether CXCR2 expression contributed to the failure of neutrophils to migrate during severe sepsis and the role of NO in modulating CXCR2 expression on neutrophils in mice subjected to nonsevere (NS) or severe (S) cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). RESULTS Neutrophil migration to the infection focus was deficient in S-CLP mice, a phenomenon prevented by pharmacologic (aminoguanidine, l-canavanine) or genetic (iNOS gene deletion) inhibition of iNOS. The expression of CXCR2 on neutrophils from S-CLP mice was significantly reduced when compared with neutrophils from NS-CLP or sham-operated mice. CXCR2 expression was reestablished by pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of iNOS. Immunofluorescence and confocal analysis revealed that iNOS blockade reduced neutrophil CXCR2 internalization. Adhesion and emigration of neutrophils in macrophage inflammatory protein-2-stimulated mesentery microcirculation were reduced in S-CLP mice, compared with NS-CLP mice, and reestablished by pretreatment with aminoguanidine or l-canavanine. The NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d,l-penicillamine inhibited CXCL8-induced human neutrophil chemotaxis and CXCR2 expression on human and murine neutrophils. CONCLUSION These results highlight evidences that the failure of neutrophils to migrate to an infection focus during severe sepsis is associated with excessive NO production and NO-dependent regulation of the expression of CXCR2 on the neutrophil surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Rios-Santos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Monte Alegre, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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17
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Matsuzaki T, Amakawa K, Yamaguchi K, Ishizaka A, Terashima T, Matsumaru A, Morishita T. Effects of diesel exhaust particles on human neutrophil activation. Exp Lung Res 2006; 32:427-39. [PMID: 17162650 DOI: 10.1080/01902140601047641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) are associated with respiratory disease and exposure to diesel exhaust induces an inflammatory response associated with marked leukocytic infiltration in the lung. This study examined whether neutrophils are activated by the active component of DEP (methanol extract of DEP [me-DEP]). The authors demonstrated that neutrophils exposed to me-DEP had increased levels of the f-actin content, the surface expression of adhesion molecules, and the release of interleukin (IL-8) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4), superoxide, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9). Thus, the author conclude that DEP exposure activates neutrophils and that these activated neutrophils could contribute to the adverse respiratory health effects associated with DEP and to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsu Matsuzaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Panasiuk A, Wysocka J, Maciorkowska E, Panasiuk B, Prokopowicz D, Zak J, Radomski K. Phagocytic and oxidative burst activity of neutrophils in the end stage of liver cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 11:7661-5. [PMID: 16437695 PMCID: PMC4727231 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i48.7661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the phagocytic activity and neutrophil oxidative burst in liver cirrhosis. METHODS In 45 patients with advanced postalcoholic liver cirrhosis (aged 45+/-14 years) and in 25 healthy volunteers (aged 38+/-5 years), the percentage of phagocytizing cells after in vitro incubation with E. coli (Phagotest Kit), phagocytic activity (mean intensity of fluorescence, MIF) and the percentage of neutrophil oxidative burst (Bursttest Kit), and the level of free oxygen radical production (MIF of Rodamine 123) were analyzed by flow cytometry. The levels of soluble sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, sP-selectin, sE-selectin, sL-selectin, and TNF-alpha were determined in blood serum. RESULTS The percentage of E. coli phagocytizing neutrophils in liver cirrhosis patients was comparable to that in healthy subjects. MIF of neutrophil -- ingested E. coli was higher in patients with liver cirrhosis. The oxidative burst in E. coli phagocytizing neutrophils generated less amount of active oxygen compounds in liver cirrhosis patients (MIF of R123: 24.7+/-7.1 and 29.7+/-6.6 in healthy, P<0.01). Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) -- stimulated neutrophilsproduced less reactive oxidants in liver cirrhosis patients than in healthy subjects (MIF of R123: 42.7+/-14.6 vs 50.2+/-13.3, P<0.01). A negative correlation was observed between oxidative burst MIF of PMA-stimulated neutrophils and ALT and AST levels (r -0.35, P<0.05; r-0.4, P<0.03). sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, sE-selectin concentrations correlated negatively with the oxygen free radical production (MIF of R123) in neutrophils after PMA stimulation in liver cirrhosis patients (r-0.45, P<0.05; r-0.41, P<0.05; r-0.39, P<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION Neutrophil metabolic activity diminishes together with the intensification of liver failure. The metabolic potential of phagocytizing neutrophils is significantly lower in liver cirrhosis patients, which can be one of the causes of immune mechanism damage. The evaluation of oxygen metabolism of E. coli-stimulated neutrophils reveals that the amount of released oxygen metabolites is smaller in liver cirrhosis patients than in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatol Panasiuk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia Str, 14, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland.
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19
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Burton JL, Madsen SA, Chang LC, Weber PSD, Buckham KR, van Dorp R, Hickey MC, Earley B. Gene expression signatures in neutrophils exposed to glucocorticoids: A new paradigm to help explain “neutrophil dysfunction” in parturient dairy cows. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2005; 105:197-219. [PMID: 15808301 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2005.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first line of immunity against most pathogens that infect cattle. These normally short-lived white blood cells develop from myeloid-lineage cells in bone marrow. Upon maturation, bone marrow neutrophils are released into the circulation where they marginate on inflamed blood vessel endothelial cells and migrate through them into the area of infection. Once migrated, neutrophils do not reenter the circulation, but rather, perform their bactericidal functions and die by apoptosis in the tissue. The cytokine and hormonal milieu of the blood and extracellular tissue fluid can influence neutrophil development and immunity-related activities, but the molecular basis of these phenotypic changes and physiological benefits or drawbacks of them are poorly understood. In the current paper, we review new gene expression information that resulted from two of our functional genomics studies designed to evaluate effects of glucocorticoid hormones on bovine neutrophils. This work provides one model to describe complex changes that occur in neutrophils as the cells respond to glucocorticoids, which might act to alter the cells' functional priorities and tip the delicate balance between health and disease during stress, including at parturition. A bovine immunobiology microarray and real time RT-PCR were used to study blood neutrophils collected during the natural surge of endogenous glucocorticoid (cortisol) in parturient dairy cows and bone marrow neutrophils collected from glucocorticoid (dexamethasone)-treated dairy steers. The gene expression signatures we observed led us to perform additional phenotyping of the neutrophils and correlation analyses, which together painted a picture suggesting that glucocorticoids have key roles in modulating neutrophil development, life span, and tissue defense functions during parturition and hormone therapy. Based on these observations, we postulate that glucocorticoids orchestrate adaptive changes in the entire neutrophil system that support increased cell numbers and longevity in blood and heightened remodeling activity in tissues, while at the same time decreasing some important antimicrobial defense activities of the cells. Thus, our functional genomics studies have enabled us to elucidate multiple consequences of neutrophil exposure to glucocorticoids, highlighting a probable role for this interaction in the induction of parturition and partly explaining why some parturient dairy cows may experience heightened incidence and severity of inflammatory diseases like mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne L Burton
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, 1205E Anthony Hall, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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20
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Liu CY, Chuang PI, Chou CL, Lin SM, Chen HC, Chou P, Liu YH, Yu CT, Wang CH, Lin HC, Kuo HP. Cytoprotective response of A1, a Bcl-2 homologue expressed in mature human neutrophils and promyelocytic HL-60 cells, to oxidant stress-induced cell death. J Biomed Sci 2004; 11:214-27. [PMID: 14966372 DOI: 10.1007/bf02256565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2003] [Accepted: 10/16/2003] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to generate reactive oxidative intermediates is one of the quintessential properties of mature human neutrophils. Endogenously generated oxidants have been shown to be an important mechanism underlying neutrophil cell death. In acute lung inflammation, newly recruited neutrophils further encounter external oxidants, including reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates. In our present study, we showed that A1, a constitutive and inducible Bcl-2 homologue expressed in mature circulating human neutrophils, might confer the protection from hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))- and peroxynitrite (ONOO)-induced cell death. Utilizing the myeloid precursor cell line, HL-60, we further examined the hypothesis that A1 was capable of conferring cytoprotective activity against these oxidative stresses. Whereas the control-transfected HL-60 cells expressed small amounts of A1 and were sensitive to the biologically relevant, cell death-inducing oxidants, H(2)O(2) and ONOO, the stable transfectants that overexpressed A1 were significantly more tolerant. Furthermore, there was a correlation between the level of A1 expression and the antiapoptotic activity. Thus, our results suggest a cytoprotective role of A1 in mature human neutrophils under oxidant stresses in host defense and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ying Liu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine II, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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21
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Choi JY, Oughton JA, Kerkvliet NI. Functional alterations in CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells in mice injected with allogeneic tumor cells and treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Int Immunopharmacol 2003; 3:553-70. [PMID: 12689660 DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5769(03)00046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure results in an increased percentage of CD11b(+) (Mac-1(+)) cells in the spleens of mice challenged with P815 tumor cells, coincident with a failure of the mice to generate allospecific CD8(+) CTL activity. Since CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) myeloid suppressor cells (MSC) have been described as that which prevent cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) development in a variety of disease states, we hypothesized that TCDD promoted MSC development, leading to suppression of CTL activity. The purpose of the present studies was to compare the phenotypic and functional characteristics of CD11b(+) cells in vehicle- and TCDD-treated mice during the P815 tumor allograft response to determine their potential to function as MSC. Initial studies showed that virtually all splenic CD11b(+) cells in both vehicle- and TCDD-treated mice co-expressed Gr-1. Consistent with MSC activity, CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells isolated from TCDD- but not vehicle-treated mice suppressed the development of CTL activity when added in vitro to mixed lymphocyte-P815 tumor cell cultures. Also consistent with MSC activity, this suppressive effect in vitro required cell-to-cell contact. Surprisingly, however, in vivo depletion of CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells failed to affect TCDD-induced suppression of the CTL response, arguing against an immunoregulatory role for the cells in vivo. Immunohistochemical analysis of the spleen showed that CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells were localized in the red pulp, and physically separated from the T cells in the white pulp. The localization of CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells in the red pulp was indicative of extramedullary myelopoiesis and suggested that TCDD enhanced myelopoiesis. A significantly enhanced neutrophilia in the blood of TCDD-treated mice supported this conclusion. CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells isolated from the blood or spleen of TCDD-treated mice produced up to fivefold higher levels of superoxide following PMA stimulation when compared with cells from vehicle-treated mice. However, unlike vehicle-treated mice, CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) cells from TCDD-treated mice were unable to kill YAC-1 target cells. These results indicate that TCDD exposure alters the host response to allogeneic tumor growth, resulting in enhanced myelopoiesis perhaps as a compensatory response to the suppressed T cell-mediated immunity in the face of an increasing P815 tumor burden. Furthermore, within the context of the P815 response, TCDD appears to alter the functional capabilities of mature neutrophils, by enhancing their oxidative burst capacity but reducing their tumoricidal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Choi
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Agricultural Life Sciences Building, Room 1007 Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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22
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Hendey B, Zhu CL, Greenstein S. Fas activation opposes PMA‐stimulated changes in the localization of PKCδ: a mechanism for reducing neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells. J Leukoc Biol 2002. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.71.5.863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bill Hendey
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chun Liu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
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23
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Van Oostveldt K, Tomita GM, Paape MJ, Capuco AV, Burvenich C. Apoptosis of bovine neutrophils during mastitis experimentally induced with Escherichia coli or endotoxin. Am J Vet Res 2002; 63:448-53. [PMID: 11911583 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.2002.63.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether apoptosis of neutrophils was accelerated during mastits experimentally induced by use of Escherichia coli or E coli endotoxin and whether differences were apparent in the response to E coli or endotoxin. ANIMALS 11 healthy lactating Holstein cows. PROCEDURE Blood samples were collected from cows at various intervals after intramammary inoculation with E coli or endotoxin. Percentage of apoptotic neutrophils detected after in vitro incubation for 3 hours was determined. Fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled annexin-V in combination with propidium iodide was used to distinguish apoptosis and necrosis of neutrophils. Total and differential circulating leukocyte counts and rectal temperature were determined at the time of collection of blood samples. Milk yield and milk somatic cell counts were determined at the time of milking. RESULTS Inoculation of endotoxin did not accelerate in vitro induction of neutrophil apoptosis. However, inoculation of E coli increased the percentage of apoptotic neutrophils. At 18 hours after inoculation, 20% of the neutrophils were apoptotic, compared with 5% before inoculation. Milk somatic cell count and rectal temperature increased, milk production and total leukocyte count decreased, and percentage of immature neutrophils increased after inoculation with E coli or endotoxin. However, kinetics of the responses were more rapid, more severe, and of shorter duration during endotoxin-induced mastitis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE In vitro induction of apoptosis of neutrophils was accelerated only during E coli-induced mastitis and not during endotoxin-induced mastitis. Endotoxin inoculation as a model for studying coliform mastitis in dairy cows should be viewed with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaat Van Oostveldt
- University of Ghent, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Biometrics, Merelbeke, Belgium
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24
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Fiuza C, Salcedo M, Clemente G, Tellado JM. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor improves deficient in vitro neutrophil transendothelial migration in patients with advanced liver disease. CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY 2002; 9:433-9. [PMID: 11874890 PMCID: PMC119958 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.9.2.433-439.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections are frequent complications in patients with liver cirrhosis. Cirrhotic patients present abnormalities in both innate and adaptive immune responses, including a deficient neutrophil recruitment to infected sites. The purpose of this study was to assess neutrophil-endothelium interactions in cirrhotic patients and evaluate the effects of G-CSF on this process. We studied neutrophil adhesion and transendothelial migration in 14 cirrhotic patients and 14 healthy controls. We also analyzed neutrophil expression of the adhesion molecules CD62L and CD11b in whole blood by flow cytometry. Cirrhotic patients expressed higher levels of CD11b than healthy controls, whereas CD62L expression was significantly lower, suggesting exposure of neutrophils to activating agents within the bloodstream. Neutrophils from cirrhotic patients showed increased adhesion to both resting and tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulated microvascular endothelial cells and decreased transendothelial migration. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (100 ng/ml) significantly enhanced neutrophil adhesion to microvascular endothelial cells in healthy controls but not in cirrhotic patients. G-CSF also significantly improved neutrophil transmigration in cirrhotic patients and healthy controls. In conclusion, cirrhotic patients exhibit increased neutrophil adhesion to microvascular endothelium and deficient transendothelial migration. G-CSF enhances neutrophil transendothelial migration in cirrhotic patients despite having no effect on neutrophil adhesion. Therefore, G-CSF may be able to increase neutrophil recruitment into infected sites in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fiuza
- Surgical Infections Unit, Department of Surgery, HGU Gregorio Marañon, Madrid 28007, Spain
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25
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Klein JB, Buridi A, Coxon PY, Rane MJ, Manning T, Kettritz R, McLeish KR. Role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase in chemoattractant and LPS delay of constitutive neutrophil apoptosis. Cell Signal 2001; 13:335-43. [PMID: 11369515 DOI: 10.1016/s0898-6568(01)00151-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-stimulated Akt (PI-3K/Akt) in the regulation of constitutive human neutrophil apoptosis by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and two chemoattractants, fMLP and leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)). LPS and LTB(4) inhibited apoptosis, while fMLP had no effect. Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) with PD098059 significantly inhibited the anti-apoptotic effect of both LPS and LTB(4), while inhibition of p38 kinase with SB203580 had no effect. Inhibition of PI-3K with wortmannin and LY294002 significantly attenuated the anti-apoptotic effect of LTB(4), but not LPS. LPS, fMLP, and LTB(4) stimulated similar levels of ERK and Akt activation. LTB(4) and LPS inhibited neutrophil apoptosis when added simultaneously with fMLP, and LTB(4) and LPS demonstrated an additive effect. We conclude that the ERK and/or PI-3K/Akt pathways are necessary, but not sufficient, for LPS and LTB(4) to delay apoptosis, but other anti-apoptotic pathways remain to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Klein
- Molecular Signaling Group, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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26
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Durand V, Pers J, Renaudineau Y, Saraux A, Youinou P, Jamin C. Differential effects of anti‐FcγRIIIb autoantibodies on polymorphonuclear neutrophil apoptosis and function. J Leukoc Biol 2001. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.69.2.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alain Saraux
- Department of Rheumatology, Institut de Synergie des Sciences et de la Santé, Brest University Medical School, Brest, France
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27
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Greenstein S, Barnard J, Zhou K, Fong M, Hendey B. Fas activation reduces neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells. J Leukoc Biol 2000. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.68.5.715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Barnard
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
- Otsuka America Pharmaceuticals, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Kairong Zhou
- Otsuka America Pharmaceuticals, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Miranda Fong
- Otsuka America Pharmaceuticals, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Bill Hendey
- Department of Pharmacology, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
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28
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Skoutelis AT, Kaleridis V, Athanassiou GM, Kokkinis KI, Missirlis YF, Bassaris HP. Neutrophil deformability in patients with sepsis, septic shock, and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:2355-9. [PMID: 10921564 DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200007000-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the deformability of morphologically active and passive neutrophils in patients with sepsis (SP), septic shock (SS), and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). DESIGN Prospective, observational study. SETTING A university hospital intensive care unit and research laboratory. PATIENTS Six patients with sepsis, six patients with septic shock, and six patients with ARDS. Eight healthy volunteers and eight ventilated but noninfected patients served as controls. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Morphologically passive and active neutrophil deformability as defined by the micropipette method was significantly decreased in patients with SP, SS, and ARDS associated with sepsis as compared with both control groups. Neutrophils from SS and ARDS patients were significantly more rigid as compared with neutrophils from SP patients but they did not differ from each other. The percentage of activated neutrophils was significantly higher in SP, SS, and ARDS patients. Increased passive neutrophil rigidity was significantly attenuated after coincubation with cytochalasin D. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta serum levels were significantly higher in SP, SS, and ARDS patients. CONCLUSIONS The entire neutrophil population is less deformable in SP, SS, and ARDS patients. The decreased deformability of passive neutrophils suggests that a direct mechanism involving actin polymerization, distinct from cell activation, is involved. These observations may be important in the mechanism of impaired vascular flow in patients with sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Skoutelis
- Department of Medicine, Patras University School, Patras University Medical School, Greece
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29
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van Eeden SF, Klut ME, Walker BA, Hogg JC. The use of flow cytometry to measure neutrophil function. J Immunol Methods 1999; 232:23-43. [PMID: 10618507 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(99)00148-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are important professional phagocytic cells that provide the host with a first line of defense against acute bacterial and fungal diseases and recurrent, severe or unusual infections are associated with inherited defects of neutrophil function. Furthermore, abundant evidence links inappropriate neutrophil-mediated tissue damage to the pathogenesis of conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, septicemia with multiorgan failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury and rheumatoid arthritis. Flow cytometry has been increasingly used to evaluate the functional capabilities of neutrophils. In this review, we discuss the use of flow cytometry to assess neutrophil functional responses including calcium mobilization, F-actin assembly, adhesion, aggregation, degranulation, phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The use of flow cytometry to identify neutrophil priming is also discussed. The advantage of flow cytometry is that the majority of neutrophil functions can be measured using a small volume of whole blood that reduces artifactual changes in function caused by purification procedures. The advent of numerous new fluorochromes and multiparametric analysis allows the simultaneous measurement of several neutrophil functions in the same population of cells. Flow cytometric analysis provides a rapid screen for abnormalities of neutrophil function and reflects more accurately their behavior in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F van Eeden
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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30
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Rizoli SB, Rotstein OD, Kapus A. Cell volume-dependent regulation of L-selectin shedding in neutrophils. A role for p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:22072-80. [PMID: 10419535 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.31.22072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-mediated organ damage is a common feature of many disease states. We previously demonstrated that resuscitation with hypertonic salt solutions prevented the endotoxin-induced leukosequestration and consequent lung injury, and this effect was partially attributed to an altered surface expression of adhesion molecules, CD11b and L-selectin. In this study we investigated the mechanisms whereby osmotic stress evokes L-selectin shedding. The metalloprotease inhibitor RO 31-9790 prevented the osmotic down-regulation of L-selectin, indicating that this process was catalyzed by the same "sheddase" responsible for L-selectin cleavage induced by diverse inflammatory stimuli. The trigger for hypertonic shedding was cell shrinkage and not increased osmolarity, ionic strength, or intracellular pH. Volume reduction caused robust tyrosine phosphorylation and its inhibition by genistein and erbstatin abrogated shedding. Shrinkage stimulated tyrosine kinases Hck, Syk, and Pyk2, but prevention of their activation by the Src-family inhibitor PP1 failed to affect the L-selectin response. Hypertonicity elicited the Src family-independent activation of p38, and the inhibition of this kinase by SB203580 strongly reduced shedding. p38 was also essential for the N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine- and lipopolysaccharide-induced shedding but not the phorbol ester-induced shedding. Thus, cell volume regulates L-selectin surface expression in a p38-mediated, metalloprotease-dependent manner. Moreover, p38 has a central role in shedding induced by many inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Rizoli
- Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
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31
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van Eeden SF, Granton J, Hards JM, Moore B, Hogg JC. Expression of the cell adhesion molecules on leukocytes that demarginate during acute maximal exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 1999; 86:970-6. [PMID: 10066712 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1999.86.3.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary vascular bed is an important reservoir for the marginated pool of leukocytes that can be mobilized by exercise or catecholamines. This study was designed to determine the phenotypic characteristics of leukocytes that are mobilized into the circulation during exercise. Twenty healthy volunteers performed incremental exercise to exhaustion [maximal O2 consumption (VO2 max)] on a cycle ergometer. Blood was collected at baseline, at 3-min intervals during exercise, at VO2 max, and 30 min after exercise. Total white cell, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN), and lymphocyte counts increased with exercise to VO2 max (P < 0.05). Flow cytometric analysis showed that the mean fluorescence intensity of L-selectin on PMN (from 14.9 +/- 1 at baseline to 9.5 +/- 1.6 at VO2 max, P < 0.05) and lymphocytes (from 11.7 +/- 1.2 at baseline to 8 +/- 0.8 at VO2 max, P < 0.05) decreased with exercise. Mean fluorescence intensity of CD11b on PMN increased with exercise (from 10.2 +/- 0.6 at baseline to 25 +/- 2.5 at VO2 max, P < 0.002) but remained unchanged on lymphocytes. Myeloperoxidase levels in PMN did not change with exercise. In vitro studies showed that neither catecholamines nor plasma collected at VO2 max during exercise changed leukocyte L-selectin or CD11b levels. We conclude that PMN released from the marginated pool during exercise express low levels of L-selectin and high levels of CD11b.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F van Eeden
- Pulmonary Research Laboratory, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6Z 1Y6.
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Rogowski O, Sasson Y, Kassirer M, Zeltser D, Maharshak N, Arber N, Halperin P, Serrov J, Sorkin P, Eldor A, Berliner S. Down-regulation of the CD62L antigen as a possible mechanism for neutrophilia during inflammation. Br J Haematol 1998; 101:666-9. [PMID: 9674739 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1998.00768.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The expressions of both the CD11b/CD18 and CD62L (L-selectin) antigens as well as the absolute number of white blood cells in the peripheral circulating pool of blood in 116 patients with various inflammatory conditions were determined. A highly significant (P<0.0001) negative correlation (r = -0.57) was noted between the absolute number of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes and the expression of the CD62L antigen on their surface. In view of the role of CD62L antigen in the rolling of leucocytes along endothelial cells in the microvasculature, its down-regulation might explain, at least in part, the demargination and appearance of neutrophilia during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Rogowski
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Israel
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