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Park JY, Kim HJ, Chae JR, Cho YL, Kang WJ. Preclinical evaluation of an 18F-labeled Tenascin-C aptamer for PET imaging of atherosclerotic plaque in mouse models of atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149650. [PMID: 38377941 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein strongly expressed in coronary atherosclerotic plaque. Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that bind to specific target molecules with high affinity. This study hypothesized that tenascin-C expression at atherosclerotic plaque in vivo could be detected by tenascin-C specific aptamers using positron emission tomography (PET). This paper reports the radiosynthesis of a fluorine-18 (18F)-labeled tenascin-C aptamer for the biodistribution and PET imaging of the tenascin-C expression in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice. The aortas ApoE-/- mice showed significantly increased positive areas of Oil red O staining than control C57BL/6 mice, and tenascin-C expression was detected in foam cells accumulated in the subendothelial lesions of ApoE-/- mice. The ex vivo biodistribution of the 18F-labeled tenascin-C aptamer showed significantly increased uptake at the aorta of ApoE-/- mice, and ex vivo autoradiography of aorta revealed the high accumulation of the 18F-labeled tenascin-C aptamer in the atherosclerotic lesions of ApoE-/- mice, which was consistent with the location of the atherosclerotic plaques detected by Oil red O staining. PET imaging of the 18F-labeled tenascin-C aptamer revealed a significantly higher mean standardized uptake in the aorta of the ApoE-/- mice than the control C57BL/6 mice. These data highlight the potential use of tenascin-C aptamer to diagnose atherosclerotic lesions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363 Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin, 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Ri Chae
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Lim Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jun Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Iyoda T, Ohishi A, Wang Y, Yokoyama MS, Kazama M, Okita N, Inouye S, Nakagawa Y, Shimano H, Fukai F. Bioactive TNIIIA2 Sequence in Tenascin-C Is Responsible for Macrophage Foam Cell Transformation; Potential of FNIII14 Peptide Derived from Fibronectin in Suppression of Atherosclerotic Plaque Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1825. [PMID: 38339104 PMCID: PMC10855454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the extracellular matrix proteins, tenascin-C (TN-C), is known to be upregulated in age-related inflammatory diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Expression of this molecule is frequently detected, especially in the macrophage-rich areas of atherosclerotic lesions; however, the role of TN-C in mechanisms underlying the progression of atherosclerosis remains obscure. Previously, we found a hidden bioactive sequence termed TNIIIA2 in the TN-C molecule and reported that the exposure of this sequence would be carried out through limited digestion of TN-C by inflammatory proteases. Thus, we hypothesized that some pro-atherosclerotic phenotypes might be elicited from macrophages when they were stimulated by TNIIIA2. In this study, TNIIIA2 showed the ability to accelerate intracellular lipid accumulation in macrophages. In this experimental condition, an elevation of phagocytic activity was observed, accompanied by a decrease in the expression of transporters responsible for lipid efflux. All these observations were mediated through the induction of excessive β1-integrin activation, which is a characteristic property of the TNIIIA2 sequence. Finally, we demonstrated that the injection of a drug that targets TNIIIA2's bioactivity could rescue mice from atherosclerotic plaque expansion. From these observations, it was shown that TN-C works as a pro-atherosclerotic molecule through an internal TNIIIA2 sequence. The possible advantages of clinical strategies targeting TNIIIA2 are also indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Iyoda
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Asayo Ohishi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yunong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Miyabi-Shara Yokoyama
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mika Kazama
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Okita
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Sachiye Inouye
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nakagawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Complex Biosystem Research, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Toyama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimano
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumio Fukai
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
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Pervaiz N, Kathuria I, Aithabathula RV, Singla B. Matricellular proteins in atherosclerosis development. Matrix Biol 2023; 120:1-23. [PMID: 37086928 PMCID: PMC10225360 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an intricate network composed of various multi-domain macromolecules like collagen, proteoglycans, and fibronectin, etc., that form a structurally stable composite, contributing to the mechanical properties of tissue. However, matricellular proteins are non-structural, secretory extracellular matrix proteins, which modulate various cellular functions via interacting with cell surface receptors, proteases, hormones, and cell-matrix. They play essential roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis by regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration, and several signal transduction pathways. Matricellular proteins display a broad functionality regulated by their multiple structural domains and their ability to interact with different extracellular substrates and/or cell surface receptors. The expression of these proteins is low in adults, however, gets upregulated following injuries, inflammation, and during tumor growth. The marked elevation in the expression of these proteins during atherosclerosis suggests a positive association between their expression and atherosclerotic lesion formation. The role of matricellular proteins in atherosclerosis development has remained an area of research interest in the last two decades and studies revealed these proteins as important players in governing vascular function, remodeling, and plaque formation. Despite extensive research, many aspects of the matrix protein biology in atherosclerosis are still unknown and future studies are required to investigate whether targeting pathways stimulated by these proteins represent viable therapeutic approaches for patients with atherosclerotic vascular diseases. This review summarizes the characteristics of distinct matricellular proteins, discusses the available literature on the involvement of matrix proteins in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and suggests new avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Ishita Kathuria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Ravi Varma Aithabathula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Bhupesh Singla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA.
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Shi X, Zhu S, Liu M, Stone SS, Rong Y, Mao K, Xu X, Ma C, Jiang Z, Zha Y, Yan C, Yu X, Wu D, Liu G, Mi J, Zhao J, Li Y, Ding Y, Wang X, Zhang YB, Ji X. Single-Cell RNA-Seq Reveals a Population of Smooth Muscle Cells Responsible for Atherogenesis. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1939-1953. [PMID: 36465170 PMCID: PMC9662277 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the regional propensity differences of atherosclerosis (AS) development is hindered by the lack of animal models suitable for the study of the disease process. In this paper, we used 3S-ASCVD dogs, an ideal large animal human-like models for AS, to interrogate the heterogeneity of AS-prone and AS-resistant arteries; and at the single-cell level, identify the dominant cells involved in AS development. Here we present data from 3S-ASCVD dogs which reliably mimic human AS pathophysiology, predilection for lesion sites, and endpoint events. Our analysis combined bulk RNA-seq with single-cell RNA-seq to depict the transcriptomic profiles and cellular atlas of AS-prone and AS-resistant arteries in 3S-ASCVD dogs. Our results revealed the integral role of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in regional propensity for AS. Notably, TNC+ SMCs were major contributors to AS development in 3S-ASCVD dogs, indicating enhanced extracellular matrix remodeling and transition to myofibroblasts during the AS process. Moreover, TNC+ SMCs were also present in human AS-prone carotid plaques, suggesting a potential origin of myofibroblasts and supporting the relevance of our findings. Our study provides a promising large animal model for pre-clinical studies of ASCVD and add novel insights surrounding the regional propensity of AS development in humans, which may lead to interventions that delay or prevent lesion progression and adverse clinical events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Shi
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Shangming Zhu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Meijing Liu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Sara Saymuah Stone
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Yao Rong
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ke Mao
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Ma
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhuoyuan Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yan Zha
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chun Yan
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaofan Yu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jidong Mi
- Beijing SINOGENE Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Beijing SINOGENE Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing SINOGENE Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuchuan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University) Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong-Biao Zhang
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University) Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Department of Neurology and China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Kong Ho S, Leu HB, Wu CC, Yeh HI, Yin WH, Lin TH, Chang KC, Wang JH, Tseng WK, Chen JW, Wu YW. The prognostic significance of the presence of tenascin-C in patients with stable coronary heart disease. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 535:68-74. [PMID: 35963306 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the prognostic value of tenascin-C in patients with stable coronary heart disease. METHODS A total of 666 patients were enrolled and followed for 72 months. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac events. The secondary outcomes were all-cause death, cardiovascular death, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and heart failure hospitalization. RESULTS The area under the curve of tenascin-C to discriminate the occurrence of composite cardiac events was 70 % (95 % CI: 64.2 % to 75.8 %), and the corresponding optimal cutoff value was 19.91 ng/ml. A higher concentration of tenascin-C was associated with a greater risk of composite cardiac events (P trend < 0.001). Similar results were observed in all-cause death, AMI, and heart failure hospitalization. CONCLUSION Tenascin-C was found to be an independent predictor of total cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease at 72 months, and also for all-cause death, AMI, and heart failure hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing Kong Ho
- Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Bang Leu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Healthcare and Services Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chung Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Bioethics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Yeh
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsian Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Heart Center, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Cheng Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Hung Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Buddhist Tzu-Chi General Hospital, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kung Tseng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Healthcare and Services Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Wen Wu
- Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Cardiovascular changes after pneumonia in a dual disease mouse model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11124. [PMID: 35778475 PMCID: PMC9249762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15507-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Residual inflammation in cardiovascular organs is thought to be one of the catalysts for the increased risk of cardiovascular complications seen following pneumonia. To test this hypothesis, we investigated changes in plaque characteristics and inflammatory features in ApoE−/− mouse aorta and heart following pneumonia. Male ApoE−/− mice were fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks before intranasal inoculation with either Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 4 (test group) or phosphate buffered saline (control group). Mice were sacrificed at 2-, 7- and 28-days post-challenge. Changes in plaque burden and characteristics in aortic root and thoracic aorta were characterized by Oil red O and Trichrome stains. Inflammatory changes were investigated by FDG-PET imaging and immunofluorescence staining. We found TIGR4-infected mice present with increased plaque presence in the aortic root and thoracic aorta at 2- and 28-days post-inoculation, respectively. Aortic wall remodelling was also more pronounced in mice challenged with pneumococci at 28 days post-inoculation. Aortic root plaques of infected mice had reduced collagen and smooth muscle cells, consistent with an unstable plaque phenotype. Pneumonia alters plaque burden, plaque characteristics, and aortic wall remodelling in ApoE−/− mice. These effects caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4, may contribute to the increased risk of cardiovascular complications seen in survivors of this infection.
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7
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Ceauşu Z, Popa M, Socea B, Gorecki G, Costache M, Ceauşu M. Influence of the microenvironment dynamics on extracellular matrix evolution under hypoxic ischemic conditions in the myocardium. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:199. [DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zenaida Ceauşu
- Pathology Department, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Manuela Popa
- Pathology Department, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Socea
- Department of Surgery, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Gorecki
- Department of Anesthesiology, ‘Sf. Pantelimon’ Emergency Hospital, 021659 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Costache
- Pathology Department, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Ceauşu
- Pathology Department, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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8
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Li M, Wu M, Zhu H, Hua Y, Ma Z, Yao J, Feng B, Shi B. Serum Tenascin-C and Alarin Levels Are Associated with Cardiovascular Diseases in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:2009724. [PMID: 35493201 PMCID: PMC9050282 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2009724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tenascin-C (TNC), an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, is elevated in inflammatory and cardiovascular pathologies, whereas alarin, a novel orexigenic peptide, participates in insulin resistance and glycometabolism. The roles of these molecules in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), clinical conditions associating with metabolic disorders, and chronic inflammation, remain controversial. Our study aimed at determining the potential role of TNC and alarin in CVD adult patients with T2DM. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Basic and clinical information for 250 patients with T2DM were analyzed. Based on their cardiovascular disease status, participants were assigned into the CVD and non-CVD groups. Serum TNC and alarin levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Serum TNC and alarin concentrations in the CVD group were significantly higher than those of the non-CVD group. Moreover, serum TNC levels were positively correlated with age, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio; however, they were negatively correlated with TC, LDL-C, and eGFR levels. Alarin levels were positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference. In logistic regression models, TNC and alarin were also established to be independent determinants for CVD in T2DM patients and their increases were associated with CVD severity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under curve (AUC) values for TNC and alarin were 0.68 and 0.67, respectively. TNC and alarin were good predictors of CVD occurrence. When the cutoff value for TNC was 134.05 pg/mL, its sensitivity was 69.47% while its specificity was 61.29%. When the cutoff value for alarin was 142.69 pg/mL, sensitivity and specificity were 38.95% and 90.97%, respectively. CONCLUSION Elevated TNC and alarin levels are independently associated with the occurrence and severity of CVD in T2DM individuals. Therefore, these two biomarkers are potential diagnostic and prognostic indicators for CVD in diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mengjiao Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yulin Hua
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zijun Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jiayi Yao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bimin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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9
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Audam TN, Howard CM, Garrett LF, Zheng YW, Bradley JA, Brittian KR, Frank MW, Fulghum KL, Pólos M, Herczeg S, Merkely B, Radovits T, Uchida S, Hill BG, Dassanayaka S, Jackowski S, Jones SP. Cardiac PANK1 deletion exacerbates ventricular dysfunction during pressure overload. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H784-H797. [PMID: 34533403 PMCID: PMC8794231 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00411.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme A (CoA) is an essential cofactor required for intermediary metabolism. Perturbations in homeostasis of CoA have been implicated in various pathologies; however, whether CoA homeostasis is changed and the extent to which CoA levels contribute to ventricular function and remodeling during pressure overload has not been explored. In this study, we sought to assess changes in CoA biosynthetic pathway during pressure overload and determine the impact of limiting CoA on cardiac function. We limited cardiac CoA levels by deleting the rate-limiting enzyme in CoA biosynthesis, pantothenate kinase 1 (Pank1). We found that constitutive, cardiomyocyte-specific Pank1 deletion (cmPank1-/-) significantly reduced PANK1 mRNA, PANK1 protein, and CoA levels compared with Pank1-sufficient littermates (cmPank1+/+) but exerted no obvious deleterious impact on the mice at baseline. We then subjected both groups of mice to pressure overload-induced heart failure. Interestingly, there was more ventricular dilation in cmPank1-/- during the pressure overload. To explore potential mechanisms contributing to this phenotype, we performed transcriptomic profiling, which suggested a role for Pank1 in regulating fibrotic and metabolic processes during the pressure overload. Indeed, Pank1 deletion exacerbated cardiac fibrosis following pressure overload. Because we were interested in the possibility of early metabolic impacts in response to pressure overload, we performed untargeted metabolomics, which indicated significant changes to metabolites involved in fatty acid and ketone metabolism, among other pathways. Collectively, our study underscores the role of elevated CoA levels in supporting fatty acid and ketone body oxidation, which may be more important than CoA-driven, enzyme-independent acetylation in the failing heart.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Changes in CoA homeostasis have been implicated in a variety of metabolic diseases; however, the extent to which changes in CoA homeostasis impacts remodeling has not been explored. We show that limiting cardiac CoA levels via PANK deletion exacerbated ventricular remodeling during pressure overload. Our results suggest that metabolic alterations, rather than structural alterations, associated with Pank1 deletion may underlie the exacerbated cardiac phenotype during pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy N Audam
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Caitlin M Howard
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Lauren F Garrett
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Yi Wei Zheng
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - James A Bradley
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kenneth R Brittian
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Matthew W Frank
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Kyle L Fulghum
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Miklós Pólos
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Herczeg
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Sujith Dassanayaka
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suzanne Jackowski
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Steven P Jones
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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10
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Mehri H, Aslanabadi N, Nourazarian A, Shademan B, Khaki-Khatibi F. Evaluation of the serum levels of Mannose binding lectin-2, tenascin-C, and total antioxidant capacity in patients with coronary artery disease. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23967. [PMID: 34492130 PMCID: PMC8529135 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) develops as a result of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a condition that leads to clogged arteries and can be caused by a variety of factors. Several studies have shown that various factors contribute to the development and progression of CAD. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels of MBL‐2, TNC and TAC in patients with CAD and the relationship between these biochemical parameters and the progression of CAD. Methods In this study, 60 serum samples were obtained from CAD patients as the case group and 20 healthy serum samples as the control group. Serum levels of MBL‐2 and TNC were measured by the ELISA method. Serum TAC level was determined by calorimetry (spectrophotometry). In addition, MDA serum level was measured by reaction with thiobarbituric acid (TBA). Results The mean age in the case and control groups was 58.4 ± 9.5 years and 85 ± 9.8 years, respectively. There was no significant difference in age, sex and family history in patients with CAD (p > 0.05), but there was a significant difference in blood pressure and smoking history (p > 0.05). Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL levels were significantly increased in the case group compared to the control group, while serum HDL‐C levels were significantly decreased in the case group. Serum levels of MBL‐2, TNC, and MDA were significantly increased in the case group compared to the control group. The serum level of TAC was significantly lower in the case group than in the control group. Conclusion This study suggests that it is possible to diagnose patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) in the early stages of their disease and take preventive measures by measuring these parameters in serum. However, more research is needed before these serum parameters can be considered diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mehri
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naser Aslanabadi
- Department of Heart and Artery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behrouz Shademan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, EGE University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatemeh Khaki-Khatibi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Matsumoto KI, Aoki H. The Roles of Tenascins in Cardiovascular, Inflammatory, and Heritable Connective Tissue Diseases. Front Immunol 2020; 11:609752. [PMID: 33335533 PMCID: PMC7736112 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.609752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of multifunctional extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins with time- and tissue specific expression patterns during development, tissue homeostasis, and diseases. There are four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, -W) in vertebrates. Among them, tenascin-X (TNX) and tenascin-C (TNC) play important roles in human pathologies. TNX is expressed widely in loose connective tissues. TNX contributes to the stability and maintenance of the collagen network, and its absence causes classical-like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (clEDS), a heritable connective tissue disorder. In contrast, TNC is specifically and transiently expressed upon pathological conditions such as inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer. There is growing evidence that TNC is involved in inflammatory processes with proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize the roles of these two tenascins, TNX and TNC, in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases and in clEDS, and we discuss the functional consequences of the expression of these tenascins for tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Aoki
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kurume University, Kurume, Japan
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12
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Tenascin-C Function in Glioma: Immunomodulation and Beyond. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1272:149-172. [PMID: 32845507 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48457-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
First identified in the 1980s, tenascin-C (TNC) is a multi-domain extracellular matrix glycoprotein abundantly expressed during the development of multicellular organisms. TNC level is undetectable in most adult tissues but rapidly and transiently induced by a handful of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a variety of pathological conditions including infection, inflammation, fibrosis, and wound healing. Persistent TNC expression is associated with chronic inflammation and many malignancies, including glioma. By interacting with its receptor integrin and a myriad of other binding partners, TNC elicits context- and cell type-dependent function to regulate cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. TNC operates as an endogenous activator of toll-like receptor 4 and promotes inflammatory response by inducing the expression of multiple pro-inflammatory factors in innate immune cells such as microglia and macrophages. In addition, TNC drives macrophage differentiation and polarization predominantly towards an M1-like phenotype. In contrast, TNC shows immunosuppressive function in T cells. In glioma, TNC is expressed by tumor cells and stromal cells; high expression of TNC is correlated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Besides promoting glioma invasion and angiogenesis, TNC has been found to affect the morphology and function of tumor-associated microglia/macrophages in glioma. Clinically, TNC can serve as a biomarker for tumor progression; and TNC antibodies have been utilized as an adjuvant agent to deliver anti-tumor drugs to target glioma. A better mechanistic understanding of how TNC impacts innate and adaptive immunity during tumorigenesis and tumor progression will open new therapeutic avenues to treat brain tumors and other malignancies.
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13
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Qu D, Wang L, Huo M, Song W, Lau CW, Xu J, Xu A, Yao X, Chiu JJ, Tian XY, Huang Y. Focal TLR4 activation mediates disturbed flow-induced endothelial inflammation. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:226-236. [PMID: 30785200 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Disturbed blood flow at arterial branches and curvatures modulates endothelial function and predisposes the region to endothelial inflammation and subsequent development of atherosclerotic lesions. Activation of the endothelial Toll-like receptors (TLRs), in particular TLR4, contributes to vascular inflammation. Therefore, we investigate whether TLR4 can sense disturbed flow (DF) to mediate the subsequent endothelial inflammation. METHODS AND RESULTS En face staining of endothelium revealed that TLR4 expression, activation, and its downstream inflammatory markers were elevated in mouse aortic arch compared with thoracic aorta, which were absent in Tlr4mut mice. Similar results were observed in the partial carotid ligation model where TLR4 signalling was activated in response to ligation-induced flow disturbance in mouse carotid arteries, and such effect was attenuated in Tlr4mut mice. DF in vitro increased TLR4 expression and activation in human endothelial cells (ECs) and promoted monocyte-EC adhesion, which were inhibited in TLR4-knockdown ECs. Among endogenous TLR4 ligands examined as candidate mediators of DF-induced TLR4 activation, fibronectin containing the extra domain A (FN-EDA) expressed by ECs was increased by DF and was revealed to directly interact with and activate TLR4. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the indispensable role of TLR4 in DF-induced endothelial inflammation and pinpoint FN-EDA as the endogenous TLR4 activator in this scenario. This novel mechanism of vascular inflammation under DF condition may serve as a critical initiating step in atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qu
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingyu Huo
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wencong Song
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Wai Lau
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jeng-Jiann Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Institute of Vascular Medicine and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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14
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Steitz AM, Steffes A, Finkernagel F, Unger A, Sommerfeld L, Jansen JM, Wagner U, Graumann J, Müller R, Reinartz S. Tumor-associated macrophages promote ovarian cancer cell migration by secreting transforming growth factor beta induced (TGFBI) and tenascin C. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:249. [PMID: 32312959 PMCID: PMC7171168 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2438-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A central and unique aspect of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) is the extensive transcoelomic spreading of tumor cell via the peritoneal fluid or malignant ascites. We and others identified tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in the ascites as promoters of metastasis-associated processes like extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, tumor cell migration, adhesion, and invasion. The precise mechanisms and mediators involved in these functions of TAM are, however, largely unknown. We observed that HGSC migration is promoted by soluble mediators from ascites-derived TAM, which can be emulated by conditioned medium from monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) differentiated in ascites to TAM-like asc-MDM. A similar effect was observed with IL-10-induced alternatively activated m2c-MDM but not with LPS/IFNγ-induced inflammatory m1-MDM. These observations provided the basis for deconvolution of the complex TAM secretome by performing comparative secretome analysis of matched triplets of different MDM phenotypes with different pro-migratory properties (asc-MDM, m2c-MDM, m1-MDM). Mass spectrometric analysis identified an overlapping set of nine proteins secreted by both asc-MDM and m2c-MDM, but not by m1-MDM. Of these, three proteins, i.e., transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFBI) protein, tenascin C (TNC), and fibronectin (FN1), have been associated with migration-related functions. Intriguingly, increased ascites concentrations of TGFBI, TNC, and fibronectin were associated with short progression-free survival. Furthermore, transcriptome and secretome analyses point to TAM as major producers of these proteins, further supporting an essential role for TAM in promoting HGSC progression. Consistent with this hypothesis, we were able to demonstrate that the migration-inducing potential of asc-MDM and m2c-MDM secretomes is inhibited, at least partially, by neutralizing antibodies against TGFBI and TNC or siRNA-mediated silencing of TGFBI expression. In conclusion, the present study provides the first experimental evidence that TAM-derived TGFBI and TNC in ascites promote HGSC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mary Steitz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alina Steffes
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology and Endocrinology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Annika Unger
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Leah Sommerfeld
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia M Jansen
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Wagner
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,The German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Silke Reinartz
- Clinic for Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology and Endocrinology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
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15
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Deligne C, Murdamoothoo D, Gammage AN, Gschwandtner M, Erne W, Loustau T, Marzeda AM, Carapito R, Paul N, Velazquez-Quesada I, Mazzier I, Sun Z, Orend G, Midwood KS. Matrix-Targeting Immunotherapy Controls Tumor Growth and Spread by Switching Macrophage Phenotype. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:368-382. [PMID: 31941671 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between cancer cells and immune cells is a key determinant of tumor survival. Here, we uncovered how tumors exploit the immunomodulatory properties of the extracellular matrix to create a microenvironment that enables their escape from immune surveillance. Using orthotopic grafting of mammary tumor cells in immunocompetent mice and autochthonous models of breast cancer, we discovered how tenascin-C, a matrix molecule absent from most healthy adult tissues but expressed at high levels and associated with poor patient prognosis in many solid cancers, controls the immune status of the tumor microenvironment. We found that, although host-derived tenascin-C promoted immunity via recruitment of proinflammatory, antitumoral macrophages, tumor-derived tenascin-C subverted host defense by polarizing tumor-associated macrophages toward a pathogenic, immune-suppressive phenotype. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies that blocked tenascin-C activation of Toll-like receptor 4 reversed this phenotypic switch in vitro and reduced tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo, providing enhanced benefit in combination with anti-PD-L1 over either treatment alone. Combined tenascin-C:macrophage gene-expression signatures delineated a significant survival benefit in people with breast cancer. These data revealed a new approach to targeting tumor-specific macrophage polarization that may be effective in controlling the growth and spread of breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Deligne
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Devadarssen Murdamoothoo
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM U1109, MN3T and The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Anís N Gammage
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Martha Gschwandtner
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - William Erne
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM U1109, MN3T and The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Loustau
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM U1109, MN3T and The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Anna M Marzeda
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Carapito
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, GENOMAX platform, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicodème Paul
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, GENOMAX platform, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Inés Velazquez-Quesada
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM U1109, MN3T and The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Imogen Mazzier
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhen Sun
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM U1109, MN3T and The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Gertraud Orend
- University of Strasbourg, INSERM U1109, MN3T and The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Kim S Midwood
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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16
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Li Y, Liu J, Huang JW, Song JC, Ma ZL, Shi HB. In vivo MRI detection of atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice by using tenascin-C-targeted USPIO. Acta Radiol 2018; 59:1431-1437. [PMID: 29566551 DOI: 10.1177/0284185118762613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Non-invasive molecular imaging to detect and characterize the plaques is essential for reducing life-threatening cardiovascular events. PURPOSE To investigate the possibility of the anti-tenascin-C-USPIO specific probe as a molecular marker of atherosclerotic plaques detected by 7.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty ApoE-/- mice fed with a high fat diet were used for detecting the aorta arch atherosclerotic plaques by 7.0-T MRI at 16 and 24 weeks. Ten mice in the targeted group were injected with anti-tenascin-C-USPIO and another ten in the control group were injected with pure USPIO (n = 5 each time point in each group). Histopathologic examination was used to evaluate the plaques and immunohistochemistry analysis was used to compare tenascin-C expression. RESULTS The relative signal intensity (rSI) changes of the targeted group decreased more than those of the control group (16 weeks: -15.65 ± 0.78% vs. -3.43 ± 2.57%; 24 weeks: -26.38 ± 1.54% vs. -11.12 ± 1.60%, respectively; P < 0.05). Histopathological analyses demonstrated visible atherosclerotic plaques formation and development over time from 16 weeks to 24 weeks. Tenascin-C expression of the plaques at 24 weeks was higher than that at 16 weeks (0.22 ± 0.04 vs. 0.13 ± 0.02, P < 0.05). The MR images correlated well with the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. CONCLUSION Tenascin-C expression increased with the progression of atherosclerosis. Anti-tenascin-C-USPIO could provide a useful molecular imaging tool for detecting and monitoring atherosclerotic plaques by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jun-wen Huang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Jia-cheng Song
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhan-long Ma
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Hai-bin Shi
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
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17
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Arnold C, Feldner A, Zappe M, Komljenovic D, De La Torre C, Ruzicka P, Hecker M, Neuhofer W, Korff T. Genetic ablation of NFAT5/TonEBP in smooth muscle cells impairs flow- and pressure-induced arterial remodeling in mice. FASEB J 2018; 33:3364-3377. [PMID: 30383452 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801594r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The arterial wall adapts to alterations in blood flow and pressure by remodeling the cellular and extracellular architecture. Biomechanical stress of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the media is thought to precede this process and promote their activation and subsequent proliferation. However, molecular determinants orchestrating the transcriptional phenotype under these conditions have been insufficiently studied. We identified the transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5; or tonicity enhancer-binding protein) as a crucial regulatory element of mechanical stress responses of VSMCs. Here, the relevance of NFAT5 for arterial growth and thickening is investigated in mice upon inducible smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific genetic ablation of Nfat5. In cultured mouse VSMCs, loss of Nfat5 inhibits the expression of gene sets involved in the control of the cell cycle and the interaction with the extracellular matrix and cytoskeletal dynamics. In vivo, SMC-specific knockout of Nfat5 did not affect the general vascular architecture and blood pressure levels under baseline conditions. However, proliferation of VSMCs and the thickening of the arterial wall were inhibited during both flow-induced collateral remodeling and hypertension-mediated arterial hypertrophy. Whereas originally described as a hypertonicity-responsive transcription factor, these findings identify NFAT5 as a novel molecular determinant of biomechanically induced phenotype changes of VSMCs and wall stress-induced arterial remodeling processes.-Arnold, C., Feldner, A., Zappe, M., Komljenovic, D., De La Torre, C., Ruzicka, P., Hecker, M., Neuhofer, W., Korff, T. Genetic ablation of NFAT5/TonEBP in smooth muscle cells impairs flow- and pressure-induced arterial remodeling in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Arnold
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anja Feldner
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maren Zappe
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dorde Komljenovic
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolina De La Torre
- Center of Medical Research, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp Ruzicka
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Neuhofer
- Medical Clinic V, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Korff
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Gao W, Li J, Ni H, Shi H, Qi Z, Zhu S, Hao C, Xie Q, Luo X, Xie K. Tenascin C: A Potential Biomarker for Predicting the Severity of Coronary Atherosclerosis. J Atheroscler Thromb 2018; 26:31-38. [PMID: 29769455 PMCID: PMC6308263 DOI: 10.5551/jat.42887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and one of the greatest threats to public health. Tenascin C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is found in low concentrations in normal tissues and is enhanced by a range of cardiovascular pathologies. This study aimed to evaluate the value of TNC in assessing the severity of atherosclerosis measured by the Gensini score. METHODS A total of 157 patients with chest pains who underwent selective coronary angiography for suspected coronary atherosclerosis were enrolled. The patients were divided into the CAD group and non-CAD group according to symptoms and angiography. Demographic data and laboratory analyses were collected. RESULTS The mean TNC level was significantly higher in the CAD group than in the non-CAD group (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation between TNC levels and Gensini score (p<0.01, r=0.672) was found. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the cutoff value for TNC at 89.48 ng/mL was well differentiated in the CAD and non-CAD groups. Furthermore, TNC was also a good predictor for a higher Gensini score (the third tertile) in the ROC curve analysis. When the cutoff was accepted as 100.91 ng/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were 82.7% and 79%, respectively. CONCLUSION A significant relationship was found between the Gensini score and serum TNC level. TNC levels can be considered in risk assessments for CAD before angiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Huanchun Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Haiming Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Zhiyong Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Shouguo Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Yunnan Kungang Hospital, Kunming
| | - Chuanming Hao
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Qionghong Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Xinping Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Kun Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
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19
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Li K, Deng J, Jin H, Yang X, Fan X, Li L, Zhao Y, Guan Z, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yang Z. Chemical modification improves the stability of the DNA aptamer GBI-10 and its affinity towards tenascin-C. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:1174-1182. [PMID: 28084479 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02577c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aptamers are useful tools in molecular imaging due to their numerous attractive properties, such as excellent affinity and selectivity to diverse types of target molecules and biocompatibility. We carried out structure-activity relationship studies with the tenascin-C (TN-C) binding aptamer GBI-10, which is a promising candidate in tumor imaging. To increase the tumor targeting ability and nuclease resistance under physiological conditions, systematic modifications of GBI-10 with single and multiple 2'-deoxyinosine (2'-dI) or d-/l-isonucleoside (d-/l-isoNA) were performed. Results indicated that sector 3 of the proposed secondary structure is the most important region for specific binding with TN-C. By correlating the affinity of eighty-four GBI-10 derivatives with their predicted secondary structure by Zuker Mfold, we first validated the preferred secondary structure at 37 °C. We found that d-/l-isoNA modified GBI-10 derivatives exhibited improved affinity to the target as well as plasma stability. Affinity measurement and confocal imaging analysis highlighted one potent compound: 4AL/26TL/32TL, which possessed a significantly increased targeting ability to tumor cells. These results revealed the types of modified nucleotides, and the position and number of substituents in GBI-10 that were critical to the TN-C binding ability. Stabilized TN-C-binding DNA aptamers were prepared and they could be further developed for tumor imaging. Our strategy to introduce 2'-dI and d-/l-isoNA modifications after the selection process is likely to be generally applicable to improve the in vivo stability of aptamers without compromising their binding ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Jiali Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Hongwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Xiantao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Xinmeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Liyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Zhu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Yun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Lihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
| | - Zhenjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. # #
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Sumioka T, Iwanishi H, Okada Y, Nidegawa Y, Miyajima M, Matsumoto KI, Saika S. Loss of tenascin X gene function impairs injury-induced stromal angiogenesis in mouse corneas. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:948-956. [PMID: 29160014 PMCID: PMC5783828 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the contribution by tenascin X (Tnx) gene expression to corneal stromal angiogenesis, the effects were determined of its loss on this response in TNX knockout (KO) mice. In parallel, the effects of such a loss were evaluated on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) gene and protein expression in fibroblasts and macrophages in cell culture. Histological, immunohistochemical and quantitative RT‐PCR changes determined if Tnx gene ablation on angiogenic gene expression, inflammatory cell infiltration and neovascularization induced by central corneal stromal cauterization. The role was determined of Tnx function in controlling VEGF‐A or TGFβ1 gene expression by comparing their expression levels in ocular fibroblasts and macrophages obtained from wild‐type (WT) and body‐wide Tnx KO mice. Tnx was up‐regulated in cauterized cornea. In Tnx KO, macrophage invasion was attenuated, VEGF‐A and its cognate receptor mRNA expression along with neovascularization were lessened in Tnx KOs relative to the changes occurring in their WT counterpart. Loss of Tnx instead up‐regulated in vivo mRNA expression of anti‐angiogenic VEGF‐B but not VEGF‐A. On the other hand, TGFβ1 mRNA expression declined in Tnx KO cultured ocular fibroblasts. Loss of Tnx gene expression caused VEGF‐A expression to decline in macrophages. Tnx gene expression contributes to promoting TGFβ1 mRNA expression in ocular fibroblasts and VEGF‐A in macrophages, macrophage invasion, up‐regulation of VEGF‐A expression and neovascularization in an injured corneal stroma. On the other hand, it suppresses anti‐angiogenic VEGF‐B mRNA expression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Sumioka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Iwanishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Okada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Nidegawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Masayasu Miyajima
- Animal Center, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Shizuya Saika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, Wakayama, Japan
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21
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Wang Z, Wei Q, Han L, Cao K, Lan T, Xu Z, Wang Y, Gao Y, Xue J, Shan F, Feng J, Xie X. Tenascin-c renders a proangiogenic phenotype in macrophage via annexin II. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:429-438. [PMID: 28857429 PMCID: PMC5742692 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-c is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, the expression of which relates to the progression of atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and heart failure. Annexin II acts as a cell surface receptor of tenascin-c. This study aimed to delineate the role of tenascin-c and annexin II in macrophages presented in atherosclerotic plaque. Animal models with atherosclerotic lesions were established using ApoE-KO mice fed with high-cholesterol diet. The expression of tenascin-c and annexin II in atherosclerotic lesions was determined by qRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Raw 264.7 macrophages and human primary macrophages were exposed to 5, 10 and 15 μg/ml tenascin-c for 12 hrs. Cell migration as well as the proangiogenic ability of macrophages was examined. Additionally, annexin II expression was delineated in raw 264.7 macrophages under normal condition (20% O2 ) for 12 hrs or hypoxic condition (1% O2 ) for 6-12 hrs. The expression of tenascin-c and annexin II was markedly augmented in lesion aorta. Tenascin-c positively regulated macrophage migration, which was dependent on the expression of annexin II in macrophages. VEGF release from macrophages and endothelial tube induction by macrophage were boosted by tenascin-c and attenuated by annexin II blocking. Furthermore, tenascin-c activated Akt/NF-κB and ERK signalling through annexin II. Lastly, hypoxia conditioning remarkably facilitates annexin II expression in macrophages through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α but not HIF-2α. In conclusion, tenascin-c promoted macrophage migration and VEGF expression through annexin II, the expression of which was modulated by HIF-1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Han
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Keqing Cao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianfeng Lan
- Institute of Integrated Medical Information, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenjie Xu
- Institute of Integrated Medical Information, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Shan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Institute of Integrated Medical Information, Xi'an, China
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Monocyte adhesion to atherosclerotic matrix proteins is enhanced by Asn-Gly-Arg deamidation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5765. [PMID: 28720870 PMCID: PMC5515959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06202-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis arises from leukocyte infiltration and thickening of the artery walls and constitutes a major component of vascular disease pathology, but the molecular events underpinning this process are not fully understood. Proteins containing an Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) motif readily undergo deamidation of asparagine to generate isoDGR structures that bind to integrin αvβ3 on circulating leukocytes. Here we report the identification of isoDGR motifs in human atherosclerotic plaque components including extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins fibronectin and tenascin C, which have been strongly implicated in human atherosclerosis. We further demonstrate that deamidation of NGR motifs in fibronectin and tenascin C leads to increased adhesion of the monocytic cell line U937 and enhanced binding of primary human monocytes, except in the presence of a αvβ3-blocking antibody or the αv-selective inhibitor cilengitide. In contrast, under the same deamidating conditions monocyte-macrophages displayed only weak binding to the alternative ECM component vitronectin which lacks NGR motifs. Together, these findings confirm a critical role for isoDGR motifs in mediating leukocyte adhesion to the ECM via integrin αvβ3 and suggest that protein deamidation may promote the pathological progression of human atherosclerosis by enhancing monocyte recruitment to developing plaques.
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23
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Shibata MA, Shibata E, Maemura K, Kondo Y, Harada-Shiba M. Pathological and molecular analyses of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-knockout mice. Med Mol Morphol 2017; 50:130-144. [PMID: 28247010 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-017-0154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of consistent and reliable methods for the analysis of atherosclerosis molecular pathways and for testing the efficiency of new therapeutics is of utmost importance. Here, we fed ApoE-knockout (KO) mice with high-fat diet to for 16 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions in mice were methodically investigated using pathologic analyses and molecular biology tools. These lesions were histopathologically classified into three categories: early, progressive, and combined lesions. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that both F4/80 (macrophage marker) and tenascin-C are expressed in these lesions. Real-time PCR analysis conducted using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues with atherosclerotic lesions demonstrated an increase in the levels of many inflammatory chemokines, including Cxcl16, while antibody arrays performed using frozen atherosclerotic tissue samples showed elevated TIMP-1 expression. Subsequent immunohistochemical analyses showed that the expression of CXCL16, TIMP-1, MMP-9, MMP-8, and LOX-1 is localized in the atherosclerotic lesions. We confirmed that the expression of these proteins is localized to atherosclerotic lesion, which suggests their roles in the development of the lesions in ApoE-KO mice. Therefore, this mouse model represents an appropriate tool for elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying the development of atherosclerosis, and a model for the evaluation of therapeutic efficiency of novel drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masa-Aki Shibata
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Eiko Shibata
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1, Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Kentaro Maemura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kondo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1, Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
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24
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Franz M, Jung C, Lauten A, Figulla HR, Berndt A. Tenascin-C in cardiovascular remodeling: potential impact for diagnosis, prognosis estimation and targeted therapy. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 9:90-5. [PMID: 25562641 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2014.1000075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal variants of tenascin-C are not expressed in healthy adult myocardium. But, there is a relevant re-occurrence during pathologic cardiac tissue and vascular remodeling. Thus, these molecules, in particular B and C domain containing tenascin-C, might qualify as promising novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis estimation. Since a stable extracellular deposition of fetal tenascin-C variants is present in diseased cardiac tissue, the molecules are excellent target structures for antibody-based delivery of diagnostic (e.g., radionuclides) or therapeutic (bioactive payloads) agents directly to the site of disease. Against the background that fetal tenascin-C variants are functionally involved in cardiovascular tissue remodeling, therapeutic functional blocking strategies could be experimentally tested in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Franz
- a Department of Internal Medicine I; Jena University Hospital ; Jena , Germany
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25
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Závada J, Uher M, Svobodová R, Olejárová M, Hušáková M, Ciferská H, Hulejová H, Tomčík M, Šenolt L, Vencovský J. Serum tenascin-C discriminates patients with active SLE from inactive patients and healthy controls and predicts the need to escalate immunosuppressive therapy: a cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:341. [PMID: 26608564 PMCID: PMC4660660 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to examine whether circulating levels of the proinflammatory glycoprotein tenascin-C (TNC) are useful as an activity-specific or predictive biomarker in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Serum TNC levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at inception visit in a prospective cohort of 59 SLE patients, and in 65 healthy controls (HC). SLE patients were followed for a mean of 11 months, disease activity was assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2 K) and British Isles Lupus Assessment Group disease activity index (BILAG-2004), clinical and laboratory data were recorded every 3-6 months, and changes in glucocorticoids (GC) and immunosuppressants (IS) were recorded serially. We examined cross-sectionally the relationships between serum concentrations of TNC and SLE status, SLEDAI-2 K scores, strata of disease activity, and levels of conventional biomarkers [anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), anti-nucleosome antibodies, C3 and C4]. We also explored the utility of TNC levels for predicting disease flares, defined as (i) new/increased GC, (ii) new/increased GC or IS, and (iii) increase in SLEDAI by ≥3 or (iv) BILAG A or B flare. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the mean levels of TNC between the SLE patients and HC. However, in SLE patients with active disease (SLEDAI ≥6), the TNC levels were significantly higher than in the HC (p = 0.004) or in patients with no/low disease activity (p = 0.004). In SLE patients, TNC levels were significantly associated with positivity of anti-dsDNA (p = 0.03) and anti-nucleosome antibodies (p = 0.008). Flares defined by a need to escalate immunosuppressive therapy were captured more frequently and earlier than flares defined by standard activity indices. Higher baseline levels of serum TNC presented a significantly greater risk of flare (i) [hazard ratio (HR) 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.73] or (ii) (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.52) but not of flares (iii) or (iv). The baseline serum TNC level was the single most important independent predictor of flare (i) compared with conventional biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS TNC is not disease-specific, but it seems to indicate the activity of SLE and may predict the need to escalate immunosuppressive therapy. TNC levels may thus serve as a useful activity-specific and predictive biomarker in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Závada
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Uher
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Radka Svobodová
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Marta Olejárová
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Markéta Hušáková
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Ciferská
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Hulejová
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Michal Tomčík
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Ladislav Šenolt
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Vencovský
- Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Na Slupi 4, Praha 2, 12850, Prague, Czech Republic.
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26
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Wang Y, Cheng WL, Wang Y, Peng JP, Yuan J, Chen L, Pan L, Li H, Guo J. Qingre quyu granule stabilizes plaques through inhibiting the expression of tenascin-C in patients with severe carotid stenosis. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 21:339-45. [PMID: 25776840 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2161-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effects of Qingre Quyu Granule (QQG) on the patients with severe carotid stenosis, and to explore the mechanism of it. METHODS Ninety-six patients with severe carotid stenosis were enrolled in the study and were classified into a QQG group (n=48) and a control group (n=48) randomly using consecutively numbered envelopes. The patients in the QQG group were given QQG and Western medicine, those in the control group were given Western medicine merely, the course of treatment was 16 weeks. All patients went through endarterectomy after treatment. Plaques were subjected to the analysis of CD3, CD68, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), CD40L, tenascin-C, and collagen content lipid content by immunohistochemistry or polarized light analysis. RESULTS By the end of experiment, the expressions of CD3, CD68, ICAM-1, MMP9, CD40L and tenascin-C on the plaques were statistically significant lower in the QQG group compared with the control group(P<0.01). The lipid content of the plaque was also significantly lower in the QQG group compared with the control group (P<0.01). The interstitial collagen in the tissue sections of the plaques was also significantly higher in the QQG group in comparison with the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION QQG could stabilize carotid artery plaques through inhibiting pro-inflammation factors and restraining the tenascin-C and MMP9 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
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27
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Orak U, Celik E, Kavak SB, Demirel İ, Atilgan R, Aydin S, Sapmaz E. Tenascin C levels in patients with mild and severe preeclampsia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015; 29:270-3. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.998191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Orak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat Medical Center, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey,
| | - Ebru Celik
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Special Medical Park Hospital, Elazig, Turkey,
| | - Salih Burcin Kavak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat Medical Center, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey,
| | | | - Remzi Atilgan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat Medical Center, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey,
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Biochemistry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Sapmaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Firat Medical Center, School of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey,
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Bagavandoss P. Temporal expression of tenascin-C and type I collagen in response to gonadotropins in the immature rat ovary. Acta Histochem 2014; 116:1125-33. [PMID: 24998028 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian morphogenesis and physiology in mammals take place in the context of hormones, paracrine factors and extracellular matrix molecules. Both fibrillar type I collagen and the multidomain tenascin-C are matrix molecules capable of modulating the behavior of both normal and neoplastic cells in many organs. Therefore, the objective of this qualitative study was to simultaneously examine the distribution of both tenascin-C and type I collagen in ovarian follicles and corpora lutea induced to develop in response to gonadotropin treatments. In preantral follicles both matrix proteins were present in the focimatrix, theca externa and the interstitium. Equine gonadotropin induced the appearance of both proteins in the theca interna. Subsequent to administration with human chorionic gonadotropin, tenascin-C appearance in the thecal capillaries preceded type I collagen expression. Tenascin-C was also observed in the capillaries of functional and regressing corpora lutea, while type I collagen was predominantly present in the interstitium and tunica albuginea. Western blots showed both an increase in and degradation of tenascin-C in the regressing corpora lutea. The ovarian surface epithelium also showed immunoreactivity for both tenascin-C and type I collagen. The study reveals that tenascin-C and type I collagen may participate in the morphogenesis of ovarian follicles, and in the formation and regression of corpora lutea.
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29
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Clancy P, Lincz LF, Maguire J, McEvoy M, Koblar SA, Golledge J. Tenascin-C is increased in atherothrombotic stroke patients and has an anti-inflammatory effect in the human carotid artery. Biofactors 2014; 40:448-57. [PMID: 24823872 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (Tn-C) is an endogenous ligand of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4); a key signalling molecule associated with chronic inflammatory conditions. Both Tn-C and TLR-4 are increased in unstable human atheroma, but their effects on local inflammatory conditions have not been investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association and functional implications of Tn-C/TLR-4 signalling in large artery atherosclerotic stroke. Plasma Tn-C was measured by ELISA and found to be higher in recent stroke patients (n = 336; median 12.77 µg/mL, inter-quartile range 10.23-15.74 µg/mL) than in controls (n = 321; median 11.31 µg/mL, inter-quartile range 8.89-13.90 µg/mL), P < 0.001. Plasma Tn-C was also independently positively associated with stroke (odds ratio for highest Tn-C quartile 2.27, 95% confidence interval 1.37-3.76). Assessment of Tn-C associated chronic cytokine secretion was performed in vitro using paired, human, macroscopically disease matched, carotid atheroma tissue biopsies obtained from five patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. A 4-day incubation with specific Tn-C blocking antibodies (Abs) increased secretion of TLR-4-associated cytokines, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor and C-C motif chemokine (CCL)3 and expression of TLR-4 in the tissue. These results suggest with Tn-C blockade another endogenous TLR-4 ligand upregulates TLR-4 expression and subsequent cytokine secretion. Titration of the Tn-C Abs also dose dependently increased secretion of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and CCL3 in mixed, healthy, primary vascular cell culture. In summary, circulating concentrations of Tn-C are higher in patients with a recent history of atherosclerotic stroke and may play an anti-inflammatory role by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine release from atheroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Clancy
- Health practitioners And Researchers Together-Blood, Endothelium And Tissue (HART-BEAT), Australian Institute for Tropical Health and Medicine, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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30
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Hao H, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Nishida N, Kawakami R, Tsukamoto Y, Tsujimoto M, Hirota S. Distribution of myofibroblast and tenascin-C in cystic adventitial disease: Comparison with ganglion. Pathol Int 2014; 63:591-8. [DOI: 10.1111/pin.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Hao
- Department of Surgical Pathology; Hyogo College of Medicine; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
| | - Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda
- Department of Pathology; National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center; Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Naoki Nishida
- Department of Pathology; National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center; Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Rika Kawakami
- Department of Surgical Pathology; Hyogo College of Medicine; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
| | - Yoshitane Tsukamoto
- Department of Surgical Pathology; Hyogo College of Medicine; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
| | | | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Surgical Pathology; Hyogo College of Medicine; Nishinomiya Hyogo Japan
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Li Y, Qiao H, Yan W, Zhang J, Xing C, Wang H, Zhang B, Tang J. Molecular recognition force spectroscopy study of the dynamic interaction between aptamer GBI-10 and extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C on human glioblastoma cell. J Mol Recognit 2013; 26:46-50. [PMID: 23280617 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Molecular recognition force spectroscopy (MR-FS) was applied to investigate the dynamic interaction between aptamer GBI-10 and tenascin-C (TN-C) on human glioblastoma cell surface at single-molecule level. The unbinding force between aptamer GBI-10 and TN-C was 39 pN at the loading rate of 0.3 nN sec⁻¹. A series of kinetic parameters concerning interaction process such as the unbinding force f(u) , the association rate constant k(on) , dissociation rate constant at zero force k(off) , and dissociation constant K(D) for aptamer GBI-10/TN-C complexes were acquired. In addition, the interaction of aptamer GBI-10 with TN-C depended on the presence of Mg²⁺. This work demonstrates that MR-FS can be used as an attractive tool for exploring the interaction forces and dynamic process of aptamer and ligand at the single-molecule level. As a future perspective, MR-FS may be used as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool by combining with other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
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Sakamoto N, Hoshino Y, Misaka T, Mizukami H, Suzuki S, Sugimoto K, Yamaki T, Kunii H, Nakazato K, Suzuki H, Saitoh SI, Takeishi Y. Serum tenascin-C level is associated with coronary plaque rupture in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Heart Vessels 2013; 29:165-70. [PMID: 23532307 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-013-0341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C, a large oligometric glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix, increases the expression of matrix metalloproteinases that lead to plaque instability and rupture, resulting in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We hypothesized that a high serum tenascin-C level is associated with plaque rupture in patients with ACS. Fifty-two consecutive ACS patients who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and, as a control, 66 consecutive patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were obtained from the ascending aorta just prior to the PCI procedures. After coronary guide-wire crossing, intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) was performed for assessment of plaque characterization. Based on the IVUS findings, ACS patients were assigned to two groups according to whether there was ruptured plaque (ruptured ACS group) or not (nonruptured ACS group). There were 23 patients in the ruptured group and 29 patients in the nonruptured group. Clinical characteristics and IVUS measurements did not differ between the two groups. Tenascin-C levels were significantly higher in the ruptured ACS group than in the SAP group, whereas there was no significant difference between the nonruptured ACS and SAP groups. Importantly, in the ruptured ACS group, tenascin-C levels were significantly higher than in the nonruptured ACS group (71.9 ± 34.9 vs 50.5 ± 20.5 ng/ml, P < 0.005). Our data demonstrate that tenascin-C level is associated with pathologic conditions in ACS, especially the presence of ruptured plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiology and Hematology, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan,
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Yao HC, Han QF, Zhao AP, Yao DK, Wang LX. Prognostic Values of Serum Tenascin-C in Patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease and Heart Failure. Heart Lung Circ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Wang L, Shah PK, Wang W, Song L, Yang M, Sharifi BG. Tenascin-C deficiency in apo E-/- mouse increases eotaxin levels: implications for atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2013; 227:267-74. [PMID: 23433402 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the potential role of inflammatory cytokines in apo E-/- mouse in response to deletion of Tenascin-C (TNC) gene. METHODS AND RESULTS We used antibody array and ELISA to compare the profile of circulating inflammatory cytokines in apo E-/- mice and apo E-/- TNC-/- double knockout mice. In addition, tissue culture studies were performed to investigate the activity of cells from each mouse genotype in vitro. Cytokine array analysis and subsequent ELISA showed that circulating eotaxin levels were selectively and markedly increased in response to TNC gene deletion in apo E-/- mice. In addition, considerable variation was noted in the circulating level of eotaxin among the control apo E-/- mouse group. Inbreeding of apo E-/- mice with high or low levels of plasma eotaxin showed that the level of eotaxin per se determines the extent of atherosclerosis in this mouse genotype. While endothelial cells from apo E-/- mice had low level of eotaxin expression, cells derived from apo E-/- TNC-/- mice expressed a high level of eotaxin. Transient transfection of eotaxin promoter-reporter constructs revealed that eotaxin expression is regulated at the transcriptional level by TNC. Histochemical analysis of aortic sections revealed the massive accumulation of mast cells in the adventitia of double KO mice lesions whereas no such accumulation was detected in the control group. Plasma from the apo E-/- TNC-/- mice markedly stimulated mast cell migration whereas plasma from the apo E-/- mice had no such effect. CONCLUSION These observations support the emerging hypothesis that TNC expression controls eotaxin level in apo E-/- mice and that this chemokine plays a key role in the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wang
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Abstract
We investigated the effects of loss of tenascin C on the healing of the stroma using incision-injured mice corneas. Tenascin C was upregulated in the stroma following incision injury to the cornea. Wild-type (WT) and tenascin C-null (knockout (KO)) mice on a C57BL/6 background were used. Cell culture experiments were also conducted to determine the effects of the lack of tenascin C on fibrogenic gene expression in ocular fibroblasts. Histology, immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription PCR were employed to evaluate the healing process in the stroma. The difference in the incidence of wound closure was statistically analyzed in hematoxylin and eosin-stained samples between WT and KO mice in addition to qualitative observation. Healing of incision injury in corneal stroma was delayed, with less appearance of myofibroblasts, less invasion of macrophages and reduction in expression of collagen Iα1, fibronectin and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) in KO mice compared with WT mice. In vitro experiments showed that the loss of tenascin C counteracted TGFβ1 acceleration of mRNA expression of TGFβ1, and of collagen Iα1 and of myofibroblast conversion in ocular fibroblasts. These results indicate that tenascin C modulates wound healing-related fibrogenic gene expression in ocular fibroblasts and is required for primary healing of the corneal stroma.
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Jakovcevski I, Miljkovic D, Schachner M, Andjus PR. Tenascins and inflammation in disorders of the nervous system. Amino Acids 2012; 44:1115-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1446-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Slavik L, Prochazkova J, Prochazka M, Simetka O, Hlusi A, Ulehlova J. The pathophysiology of endothelial function in pregnancy and the usefulness of endothelial markers. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2012; 155:333-7. [PMID: 22336645 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2011.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to assess coagulation markers of endothelial damage and examine new markers of endothelial activation such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in a group of healthy pregnant women. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, in particular, plays a major role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix confirming its essential function in both the survival (angiogenesis) and death of endothelial cells. Detection of specific coagulation factors, mainly released from the vascular endothelium such as vWF, sTM (soluble thrombomodulin) and ePCR (endothelial protein C receptor) and factors dependent on endothelial activation such as t-PA and PAI-1, could provide information on possible endothelial dysfunction and help differentiate pregnant patients with an altered thrombotic state. METHODS Healthy pregnant women underwent complete assessment for endothelial damage (as vWF, vWF activity, sTM, ePCR, EMP, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-2) using the ELISA and other methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The results show that endothelial activation during pregnancy is different from that in other pathological conditions involving endothelial damage and typically characterized by higher levels of both coagulation endothelial markers and MMPs. In pregnancy, changes in extracellular matrix composition and matrix metalloproteinase activity also occur and promote vascular remodeling but, only in the uterus. Predisposing risk factors for epithelial dysfunction, and vascular mediators associated with vascular remodeling must be assessed from concentrations in whole blood. The levels of MMPs are not increased in the circulation and the local situation in the uterus cannot be monitored this way. However, MMP-2 processes and modulates the functions of many other vasoactive and pro-inflammatory molecules including adrenomedullin, big endothelin-1, calcitonin gene-related peptide, CCL7/MCP-3, CXCL12/SDF-1, galectin-3, IGFBP-3, IL-1 Beta, S100A8, and S100A9. These molecules represent new potential molecular markers of endothelial damage during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludek Slavik
- Department of Hemato-oncology, University Hospital Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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Franz M, Neri D, Berndt A. Chronic cardiac allograft rejection: critical role of ED-A(+) fibronectin and implications for targeted therapy strategies. J Pathol 2012; 226:557-61. [PMID: 22102444 DOI: 10.1002/path.3968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cardiac allograft rejection is characterized by cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) and cardiac interstitial fibrosis (CIF) causing severe long-term complications after heart transplantation and determining allograft function and patients' prognosis. Until now, there have been no sufficient preventive or therapeutic strategies. CAV and CIF are accompanied by changes in the extracellular matrix, including re-expression of the fetal fibronectin splice variant known as ED-A(+) fibronectin. This molecule has been shown to be crucial for the development of myofibroblasts (MyoFbs) as the main cell type in CIF and for the activation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) as the main cell type in CAV. Relevant re-expression and protein deposition of ED-A(+) fibronectin has been demonstrated in animal models of chronic rejection, with spatial association to CAV and CIF, and a quantitative correlation to the rejection grade. The paper by Booth et al published in this issue of The Journal of Pathology could prove for the first time the functional importance of ED-A(+) fibronectin for the development of CIF as a main component of chronic cardiac rejection. Thus, promising conclusions for the development of new diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies for chronic cardiac rejection focusing on ED-A(+) fibronectin can be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740 Jena, Germany.
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Alexopoulos A, Kaoukis A, Papadaki H, Pyrgakis V. Pathophysiologic mechanisms of calcific aortic stenosis. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis 2012; 6:71-80. [DOI: 10.1177/1753944712439337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic stenosis (CAS) comprises the leading indication for valve replacement in the Western world. Until recently, progressive calcification was considered to be a passive process. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that degenerative aortic stenosis constitutes an active process involving stimulation of several pathophysiologic pathways such as inflammation and osteogenesis. In addition, CAS and atherosclerosis share common features regarding histopathology of lesions. These novel data raise a new perspective on the prevention and treatment of disease. The current article reviews the most important pathophysiologic mechanisms of senile aortic stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Alexopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, Athens General Hospital, Mesogeion Avenue, 154, 15669 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Kaoukis
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Athens ‘G. Gennimatas’, Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Greece, Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Vlassios Pyrgakis
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Athens ‘G. Gennimatas’, Greece, Athens, Greece
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Wang L, Wang W, Shah PK, Song L, Yang M, Sharifi BG. Deletion of tenascin-C gene exacerbates atherosclerosis and induces intraplaque hemorrhage in Apo-E-deficient mice. Cardiovasc Pathol 2012; 21:398-413. [PMID: 22300502 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Tenascin-C (TNC), a matricellular protein, is up-regulated in atherosclerotic plaques. We investigated whether the deletion of TNC gene affects the development of atherosclerosis in a murine model. METHODS TNC-/-/apo E-/- mice were generated and used for atherosclerosis studies. We compared these results to those observed in control groups of apo E-/- mice. RESULTS The en face analysis of aortic area showed that the mean aortic lesion area of the double knockout (KO) mice was significantly higher than that of control mice at different times after feeding of atherogenic diet; the accumulation of lesional macrophages and lipids was significantly higher. Analysis of cell adhesion molecules revealed that vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), but not intercellular adhesion molecule-1, was up-regulated 1 week after feeding of atherogenic diet in the double KO mouse as compared to apo E-/- mouse. Cell culture studies revealed that the expression of VCAM-1 in endothelial cells isolated from the double KO mouse is more sensitive to the tumor necrosis factor α stimulation than the cells isolated from apo E-/- mice. Cell adhesion studies showed that the adherence of RAW monocytic cells to the endothelial cells was significantly enhanced in the cultured endothelial cells from the TNC gene-deleted cells. Following the prolonged feeding of an atherogenic diet (28-30 weeks), the aortic and carotid atherosclerotic lesions frequently demonstrated large grossly visible areas of intraplaque hemorrhage in the double KO mice compared to control. CONCLUSIONS These data unveil a protective role for TNC in atherosclerosis and suggest that TNC signaling may have the potential to reduce atherosclerosis, in part by modulating VCAM-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wang
- Oppenheimer Atherosclerosis Research Center and the Division of Cardiology, Cedars Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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41
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Advances in tenascin-C biology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2011; 68:3175-99. [PMID: 21818551 PMCID: PMC3173650 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-011-0783-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is specifically and transiently expressed upon tissue injury. Upon tissue damage, tenascin-C plays a multitude of different roles that mediate both inflammatory and fibrotic processes to enable effective tissue repair. In the last decade, emerging evidence has demonstrated a vital role for tenascin-C in cardiac and arterial injury, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, as well as in modulating stem cell behavior. Here we highlight the molecular mechanisms by which tenascin-C mediates these effects and discuss the implications of mis-regulated tenascin-C expression in driving disease pathology.
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Kimura T, Yoshimura K, Aoki H, Imanaka-Yoshida K, Yoshida T, Ikeda Y, Morikage N, Endo H, Hamano K, Imaizumi T, Hiroe M, Aonuma K, Matsuzaki M. Tenascin-C is expressed in abdominal aortic aneurysm tissue with an active degradation process. Pathol Int 2011; 61:559-64. [PMID: 21951663 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2011.02699.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common disease caused by segmental weakening of the aortic walls and progressive aortic dilation leading to the eventual rupture of the aorta. Currently no biomarkers have been established to indicate the disease status of AAA. Tenascin-C (TN-C) is a matricellular protein that is synthesized under pathological conditions. In the current study, we related TN-C expression to the clinical course and the histopathology of AAA to investigate whether the pattern of TN-C expression could indicate the status of AAA. We found that TN-C and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were highly expressed in human AAA. In individual human AAA TN-C deposition associated with the tissue destruction, overlapped mainly with the smooth muscle actin-positive cells, and showed a pattern distinct from macrophages and MMP-9. In the mouse model of AAA high TN-C expression was associated with rapid expansion of the AAA diameter. Histological analysis revealed that TN-C was produced mainly by vascular smooth muscle cells and was deposited in the medial layer of the aorta during tissue inflammation and excessive destructive activities. Our findings suggest that TN-C may be a useful biomarker for indicating the pathological status of smooth muscle cells and interstitial cells in AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taizo Kimura
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Golledge J, Clancy P, Maguire J, Lincz L, Koblar S. The role of tenascin C in cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 92:19-28. [PMID: 21712412 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix protein tenascin C (TnC) is expressed in a variety of embryonic tissues, but its expression in adult arteries is co-incident with sites of vascular disease. TnC expression has been linked to the development and complications of intimal hyperplasia, pulmonary artery hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. This review identifies the growing collection of evidence linking TnC with cardiovascular disease development. The transient upregulation of this extracellular matrix protein at sites of vascular disease could provide a means to target TnC in the development of diagnostics and new therapies. Studies in TnC-deficient mice have implicated this protein in the development of intimal hyperplasia. Further animal and human studies are required to thoroughly assess the role of TnC in some of the other pathologies it has been linked with, such as atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension. Large population studies are also warranted to clarify the diagnostic value of this extracellular matrix protein in cardiovascular disease, for example by targeting its expression using radiolabelled antibodies or measuring circulating concentrations of TnC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Golledge
- Vascular Biology Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville QLD 4811, Australia.
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Minear MA, Crosslin DR, Sutton BS, Connelly JJ, Nelson SC, Gadson-Watson S, Wang T, Seo D, Vance JM, Sketch MH, Haynes C, Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, Shah SH, Kraus WE, Hauser ER, Gregory SG. Polymorphic variants in tenascin-C (TNC) are associated with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Hum Genet 2011; 129:641-54. [PMID: 21298289 PMCID: PMC3576662 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-011-0959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix protein implicated in biological processes important for atherosclerotic plaque development and progression, including smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. Previously, we observed differential expression of TNC in atherosclerotic aortas compared with healthy aortas. The goal of this study was to investigate whether common genetic variation within TNC is associated with risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD) in three independent datasets. We genotyped 35 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including 21 haplotype tagging SNPs, in two of these datasets: human aorta tissue samples (n = 205) and the CATHGEN cardiovascular study (n = 1,325). Eleven of these 35 SNPs were then genotyped in a third dataset, the GENECARD family study of early-onset CAD (n = 879 families). Three SNPs representing a block of linkage disequilibrium, rs3789875, rs12347433, and rs4552883, were significantly associated with atherosclerosis in multiple datasets and demonstrated consistent, but suggestive, genetic effects in all analyses. In combined analysis rs3789875 and rs12347433 were statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for 35 comparisons, p = 2 × 10(-6) and 5 × 10(-6), respectively. The SNP rs12347433 is a synonymous coding SNP and may be biologically relevant to the mechanism by which tenascin-C influences the pathophysiology of CAD and atherosclerosis. This is the first report of genetic association between polymorphisms in TNC and atherosclerosis or CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie A. Minear
- Center for Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, 905 S. La Salle Street DUMC 3445, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - David R. Crosslin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Beth S. Sutton
- School of Pharmacy, Campbell University, Morrisvillie, NC, USA
| | - Jessica J. Connelly
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sarah C. Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shera Gadson-Watson
- Center for Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, 905 S. La Salle Street DUMC 3445, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David Seo
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Michael H. Sketch
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duhram, NC, USA
| | - Carol Haynes
- Center for Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, 905 S. La Salle Street DUMC 3445, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Svati H. Shah
- Center for Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, 905 S. La Salle Street DUMC 3445, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duhram, NC, USA
| | - William E. Kraus
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duhram, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Hauser
- Center for Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, 905 S. La Salle Street DUMC 3445, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duhram, NC, USA
| | - Simon G. Gregory
- Center for Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, 905 S. La Salle Street DUMC 3445, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duhram, NC, USA
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Monaco C, Terrando N, Midwood KS. Toll-like receptor signaling: common pathways that drive cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011; 63:500-11. [PMID: 21452263 DOI: 10.1002/acr.20382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Monaco
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Imperial College, London, UK.
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46
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Goepel C, Johanna Kantelhardt E, Karbe I, Stoerer S, Dittmer J. Changes of glycoprotein and collagen immunolocalization in the uterine artery wall of postmenopausal women with and without pelvic organ prolapse. Acta Histochem 2011; 113:375-81. [PMID: 20189634 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is accompanied by an altered composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, it is unclear whether the changed ECM is the cause or the consequence of POP, as stretching of the tissue may have an effect on the composition of the ECM. To address this question, we analyzed the connective tissues of the uterine artery wall of postmenopausal women with and without POP. The uterine artery wall is stretched in patients with POP, but this stretching is unlikely to cause the POP. Twenty-one women (13 with POP and 8 without POP) hospitalized for hysterectomy were included in this study. Tissue samples from the uterine artery were analyzed for collagen (types I, III, IV, V and VI) and other ECM proteins (fibronectin, laminin, tenascin, vitronectin and elastin) using immunofluorescence microscopy. Results revealed that uterine artery samples of women with prolapse showed a significantly weaker immunoreactivity to type VI collagen, vitronectin and elastin and a stronger immunostaining for type III collagen and tenascin as compared to control samples. Our results suggest that the ECM may be altered in response to mechanical stretch. Changes in the ECM composition as observed in POP may not necessarily be the reason for the development of pelvic floor relaxation in postmenopausal women.
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Celik A. The relationship between tenascin-C levels and the complexity of coronary lesion after myocardial infarction. J Atheroscler Thromb 2011; 18:693-7. [PMID: 21512282 DOI: 10.5551/jat.6577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The increase of tenascin-C levels after myocardial infarction has been demonstrated by previous studies. The relationship between tenascin-C and the grade of stenosis in the infarct-related coronary artery was indeterminate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between tenascin-C levels and total occlusion after acute myocardial infarction. METHOD Fifty-nine patients with subacute anterior myocardial infarction were divided into two groups according to their having a totally or subtotally occluded left anterior desending artery. Plasma tenascin-C, troponin I, CK-MB, uric acid, mean platelet volume, and lipid profile levels were also measured. RESULTS The history of the smoking rate, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were similar in both groups. Hemoglobin, mean platelet volume, serum creatinine, CK-MB, troponin I, serum lipid profile and uric acid levels were similar in the two groups. The CRP and tenascin-C levels were significantly higher in the total occlusion group. Tenascin-C levels were highest in patients with proximal LAD total occlusion and lowest in patients with subtotal LAD occlusion. The tenascin-C levels were correlated with the grade of stenosis (r = 0.602, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that higher tenascin-C levels were related with the total occlusion and inflammation after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Celik
- Department of Cardiology, Elazig Education and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey.
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Celik A, Kocyigit I, Calapkorur B, Korkmaz H, Doganay E, Elcik D, Ozdogru I. Tenascin-C may be a predictor of acute pulmonary thromboembolism. J Atheroscler Thromb 2011; 18:487-93. [PMID: 21350305 DOI: 10.5551/jat.7070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Numerous studies have shown an increase in NT-pro BNP, troponin I and D-dimer levels with right ventricular dysfunction on echocardiography in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). We found no data about the relation between tenascin-C and acute PTE in the litera-ture. The aim of this study was to evaluate tenascin-C levels in acute PTE and correlate them with NT-pro BNP, troponin I and D-dimer. METHOD Thirty-four patients who have massive or submassive PTE on spiral thorax CT (PTE group) and twenty healthy volunteers (non-PTE group) were evaluated. In all patients, right ventricular functions were obtained on transthoracic echocardiography and plasma tenascin-C, NT-pro BNP, troponin I, and D-dimer levels were measured. RESULTS The left ventricular systolic diameter, left ventricular diastolic diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction were similar in the two groups. The right heart chamber sizes and main pulmonary artery diameter were significantly larger in the PTE group and systolic pulmonary artery pressures were also significantly higher in this group. Tenascin-C, NT-pro BNP, and D-dimer levels were also significantly higher in the PTE group than in the non-PTE group (p< 0.001). The troponin I levels did not differ between the two groups (p=0.4). Tenascin-C was found to be highly correlated with sPAP and NT-pro BNP and correlated with D-dimer; however, troponin I was not correlated with tenascin-C. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that tenascin-C may be an indicator of acute PTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Celik
- Department of Cardiology, Elazig Education and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey.
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Mane DR, Kale AD, Naik VV. Immunohistochemical expression of Tenascin in embryogenesis, tumorigenesis and inflammatory oral mucosa. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:655-63. [PMID: 21208610 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2010.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tenascin is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein that plays specific role in cell matrix interaction. This protein is mainly attracted because of its oncofetal predominance expression at epithelial-mesenchymal interaction and also been associated with inflammatory response. Thus the aim was to study the expression of Tenascin within the oral cavity in a developing tooth, normal oral mucosa, squamous cell carcinoma and inflammatory mucosa and further to compare its expression in inflammatory mucosa with that of squamous cell carcinoma. DESIGN A total numbers of 92 cases were included, with 22 being all morphological stages of developing tooth, 10 cases of normal oral mucosa, 30 cases each of inflammatory gingival hyperplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. The intensity and pattern of expression was assessed immunohistochemically using anti-human mouse monoclonal Tenascin antibody. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Tenascin expression in developing tooth was seen mainly at epithelial-mesenchymal junctions, but temporally reduced at cap stage. In normal mucosa TN expression was restricted only at basement membrane zone. Inflammatory gingival hyperplasia intensity of expression was enhanced at the juxtraepithelial stroma and showed reticular pattern of expression. In oral squamous cell carcinoma, intensity of expression was seen in superficial front of the stroma and also around tumour islands with intraepithelial expression and predominantly showed fibrillar pattern of expression. Furthermore, Tenascin expression was noticed around neovascularization. Hence, there is a regulatory system in Tenascin expression and plays a vital role in embryogenesis, tumerogenesis and inflammation in remodelling the stroma for cell migration and also for healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa R Mane
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum 590010, Karnataka, India.
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Krishnatry AS, Fung SM, Brazeau DA, Soda D, Fung HL. Nitroglycerin alters matrix remodeling proteins in THP-1 human macrophages and plasma metalloproteinase activity in rats. Nitric Oxide 2010; 24:66-76. [PMID: 21156214 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Several studies suggested that long-term nitrate therapy may produce negative outcomes in patient mortality and morbidity. A possible mechanism may involve nitrate-mediated activation of various extracellular matrix (ECM) proteases, particularly matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and adhesion molecules in human macrophages, leading to the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques. We examined the gene and protein regulating effects on THP-1 human macrophages by repeated exposure to therapeutically relevant concentrations of nitroglycerin (NTG) and possible involvement of nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling mechanism in mediating some of these observed effects. THP-1 human macrophages repeatedly exposed to NTG (at 10 nM, added on days 1, 4 and 7) exhibited extensive alterations in the expression of multiple genes encoding ECM proteases and adhesion molecules. These effects were dissimilar to those produced by a direct nitric oxide donor, diethylenetriamine NONOate. NTG exposure significantly up-regulated NF-κB DNA nuclear binding activity and MMP-9 protein expression, and reduced tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) expression; these effects were abrogated in the presence of the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide (a chemical inhibitor derived from the feverfew plant). Further, we examined whether our in vitro findings (an elevated MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio and gelatinase activity) can be translated to in vivo effects, in a rat model. Sprague-Dawley rats exposed continuously to NTG subcutaneously for 8 days via mini-osmotic pumps showed significant induction of plasma MMP-9 dimer concentrations and the expression of a complex of MMP-9 with lipocalin-2 or neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL). Plasma gelatinase activity was significantly increased by NTG over the entire study period, attaining peak elevation at day 6. Plasma TIMP-1 protein was down-regulated significantly by day 2 and days 4-7 in the NTG-treated rats. Pharmacokinetic monitoring of NTG and its dinitrate metabolites indicated that concentrations were well within therapeutic levels observed in humans. Our studies indicate that clinically relevant concentrations of NTG not only altered ECM matrix by changing the expression of multiple genes that govern cellular integrity, affecting cellular MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance in THP-1 human macrophages possibly via NF-κB activation, but also led to systemic changes in MMP-9/TIMP-1 expression and gelatinase activity in rats. These effects may contribute to extracellular matrix degradation and possible atherosclerotic plaque destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Shilpa Krishnatry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
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