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Biermann D, Heilmann A, Didié M, Schlossarek S, Wahab A, Grimm M, Römer M, Reichenspurner H, Sultan KR, Steenpass A, Ergün S, Donzelli S, Carrier L, Ehmke H, Zimmermann WH, Hein L, Böger RH, Benndorf RA. Impact of AT2 receptor deficiency on postnatal cardiovascular development. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47916. [PMID: 23144713 PMCID: PMC3483305 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The angiotensin II receptor subtype 2 (AT2 receptor) is ubiquitously and highly expressed in early postnatal life. However, its role in postnatal cardiac development remained unclear. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Hearts from 1, 7, 14 and 56 days old wild-type (WT) and AT2 receptor-deficient (KO) mice were extracted for histomorphometrical analysis as well as analysis of cardiac signaling and gene expression. Furthermore, heart and body weights of examined animals were recorded and echocardiographic analysis of cardiac function as well as telemetric blood pressure measurements were performed. Moreover, gene expression, sarcomere shortening and calcium transients were examined in ventricular cardiomyocytes isolated from both genotypes. KO mice exhibited an accelerated body weight gain and a reduced heart to body weight ratio as compared to WT mice in the postnatal period. However, in adult KO mice the heart to body weight ratio was significantly increased most likely due to elevated systemic blood pressure. At postnatal day 7 ventricular capillarization index and the density of α-smooth muscle cell actin-positive blood vessels were higher in KO mice as compared to WT mice but normalized during adolescence. Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac systolic function at postnatal day 7 revealed decreased contractility of KO hearts in response to beta-adrenergic stimulation. Moreover, cardiomyocytes from KO mice showed a decreased sarcomere shortening and an increased peak Ca(2+) transient in response to isoprenaline when stimulated concomitantly with angiotensin II. CONCLUSION The AT2 receptor affects postnatal cardiac growth possibly via reducing body weight gain and systemic blood pressure. Moreover, it moderately attenuates postnatal vascularization of the heart and modulates the beta adrenergic response of the neonatal heart. These AT2 receptor-mediated effects may be implicated in the physiological maturation process of the heart.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Blood Pressure
- Body Weight
- Calcium/metabolism
- Cardiotonic Agents/pharmacology
- Gene Expression
- Heart/growth & development
- Heart/physiology
- Immunoblotting
- In Vitro Techniques
- Isoproterenol/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocardial Contraction/genetics
- Myocardial Contraction/physiology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/physiology
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/deficiency
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sarcomeres/drug effects
- Sarcomeres/metabolism
- Sarcomeres/physiology
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/physiology
- Time Factors
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Biermann
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Heilmann
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Didié
- Department of Pharmacology and Heart Research Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Saskia Schlossarek
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Azadeh Wahab
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Grimm
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Maria Römer
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Karim R. Sultan
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Steenpass
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilian-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sonia Donzelli
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heimo Ehmke
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram H. Zimmermann
- Department of Pharmacology and Heart Research Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Hein
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rainer H. Böger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf A. Benndorf
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius-Maximilian-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Clinical Pharmacy, Technical University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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Castro-Chaves P, Fontes-Carvalho R, Pintalhao M, Pimentel-Nunes P, Leite-Moreira AF. Angiotensin II-induced increase in myocardial distensibility and its modulation by the endocardial endothelium in the rabbit heart. Exp Physiol 2009; 94:665-74. [DOI: 10.1113/expphysiol.2008.046458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kurtz A, Wagner C. Role of nitric oxide in the control of renin secretion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1998; 275:F849-62. [PMID: 9843901 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.1998.275.6.f849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Because of the significant constitutive expression of NO synthases in the juxtaglomerular apparatus, nitric oxide (NO) is considered as a likely modulator of renin secretion. In most instances, NO appears as a tonic enhancer of renin secretion, acting via inhibition of cAMP degradation through the action of cGMP. Depending on as yet unknown factors, the stimulatory effect of NO on renin secretion may also switch to an inhibitory one that is compatible with the inhibition of renin secretion by cGMP-dependent protein kinase activity. Whether NO plays a direct regulatory role or a more permissive role in the control of renin secretion remains to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kurtz
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg D-93040, Germany
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Wang W. Cardiac sympathetic afferent stimulation by bradykinin in heart failure: role of NO and prostaglandins. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1998; 275:H783-8. [PMID: 9724280 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.1998.275.3.h783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
I have shown that cardiac sympathetic afferent stimulation by epicardial application of bradykinin (BK) was significantly enhanced in pacing-induced heart failure (HF) dogs. This enhancement appeared to be mediated by prostaglandins. The present study was to determine whether nitric oxide is involved in this enhancement. Under alpha-chloralose (100 mg/kg iv) anesthesia, the renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) response to BK was determined in 15 HF and 15 sham dogs in the sinoaortic-denervated and vagotomized state. The RSNA response to BK was significantly enhanced in HF. This enhanced RSNA response to BK was significantly reduced in the HF dogs after administration of the cycloxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (5 mg/kg iv), but no significant change was found in the sham group. In contrast, RSNA responses to BK were significantly reduced in the sham dogs after administration of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 30 mg/kg iv), but no significant change was found in the HF group. These data suggest that the RSNA response to BK is mediated by nitric oxide to a large degree in the normal state but is primarily mediated by prostaglandins in the HF state.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-4575, USA
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K-Laflamme A, Foucart S, Moreau P, Lambert C, Cardinal R, de Champlain J. Sympathetic functions in NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester-induced hypertension: modulation by the renin-angiotensin system. J Hypertens 1998; 16:63-76. [PMID: 9533419 DOI: 10.1097/00004872-199816010-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitric oxide and angiotensin II have been shown to attenuate cardiac beta-adrenergic inotropism. OBJECTIVE To study sympathetic presynaptic and post-synaptic functions after chronic nitric oxide synthesis blockade with NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME, for 40 days) in association with renin-angiotensin system blockade (during the last 12 days) in order to evaluate the possible physiological interactions between these systems. METHODS Haemodynamic parameters in conscious rats were assessed. Release of noradrenaline from isolated atria and cardiac beta-adrenergic-adenylyl cyclase pathway in rats of sham-treated and L-NAME-treated groups, with or without losartan or enalaprilat treatment, were assessed. RESULTS L-NAME-treated rats developed a time-dependent increase in blood pressure associated with increased plasma adrenaline levels whereas plasma noradrenaline and cardiac catecholamine levels were similar to those in sham-treated rats. Field-stimulated release of noradrenaline, cardiac beta-adrenoceptor density and affinity and isoproterenol-stimulated formation of cyclic AMP were similar in sham and L-NAME-treated rats. However, Gpp(NH)p, NaF and forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity were greater in L-NAME rats although Gs and Gi protein levels were similar in sham-treated and L-NAME-treated rats. Losartan and enalaprilat treatments exerted equipotent angiotensin-pressor response blockade and hypotensive effects whereas catecholamine levels were not altered. Interestingly, only losartan treatment acted to reduce the increased Gs-adenylyl cyclase activity in L-NAME rats, without alteration of G protein levels. CONCLUSIONS The nitric oxide synthase blockade-induced hypertension seems to be associated with increased adrenal-medullary system and renin-angiotensin system activities. The increased Gs-adenylyl cyclase activity after chronic inhibition of formation of nitric oxide suggests that nitric oxide plays a modulatory role in formation of cyclic AMP, to which angiotensin II seems to contribute through an angiotensin II type 1 receptor-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K-Laflamme
- Research Group on the Autonomic Nervous System, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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