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Jose AM, Rasool M. A glimpse on the role of IL-21 in psoriatic arthritis pathogenesis. Life Sci 2024; 350:122766. [PMID: 38834097 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy affecting the skin, entheses, and joints. Over the past decade, experimental evidence has revealed the activation of several immune cells and signaling cascades in modulating the pathophysiology of PsA. Recently, targeted therapies have been developed to combat the severity of disease. However, with diverse etiologies, flareups, and relapses, there has been an increased prevalence and mortality associated with PsA in recent years. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate new potential mediators and combination therapies to manage PsA pathogenesis. IL-21, an immunomodulatory cytokine, has pleiotropic effects on immune cells and the protein cascades involved in PsA pathogenesis. Recently, emerging evidence of increased IL-21 levels in patients with PsA has engendered much enthusiasm for its potential as a therapeutic target. Here, we unmasked IL-21 as a significant modulator of PsA pathogenesis and reviewed the comorbidities associated with the disease, further cataloging future therapeutic modalities to ameliorate PsA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Miriam Jose
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahaboobkhan Rasool
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Zhi S, Chen C, Huang H, Zhang Z, Zeng F, Zhang S. Hypoxia-inducible factor in breast cancer: role and target for breast cancer treatment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1370800. [PMID: 38799423 PMCID: PMC11116789 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1370800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer stands as the most prevalent form of cancer among women. The tumor microenvironment of breast cancer often exhibits hypoxia. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha, a transcription factor, is found to be overexpressed and activated in breast cancer, playing a pivotal role in the anoxic microenvironment by mediating a series of reactions. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha is involved in regulating downstream pathways and target genes, which are crucial in hypoxic conditions, including glycolysis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. These processes significantly contribute to breast cancer progression by managing cancer-related activities linked to tumor invasion, metastasis, immune evasion, and drug resistance, resulting in poor prognosis for patients. Consequently, there is a significant interest in Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha as a potential target for cancer therapy. Presently, research on drugs targeting Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha is predominantly in the preclinical phase, highlighting the need for an in-depth understanding of HIF-1α and its regulatory pathway. It is anticipated that the future will see the introduction of effective HIF-1α inhibitors into clinical trials, offering new hope for breast cancer patients. Therefore, this review focuses on the structure and function of HIF-1α, its role in advancing breast cancer, and strategies to combat HIF-1α-dependent drug resistance, underlining its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fancai Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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3
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Bordini M, Mazzoni M, Di Nunzio M, Zappaterra M, Sirri F, Meluzzi A, Petracci M, Soglia F. Time course evaluation of collagen type IV in Pectoralis major muscles of broiler chickens selected for different growth-rates. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103179. [PMID: 37931400 PMCID: PMC10652102 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen type IV (COL4) is one of the major components of animals' and humans' basement membranes of several tissues, such as skeletal muscles and vascular endothelia. Alterations in COL4 assembly and secretion are associated to muscular disorders in humans and animals among which growth-related abnormalities such as white striping and wooden breast affecting Pectoralis major muscles (PMs) in modern fast-growing (FG) chickens. Considering the high prevalence of these myopathies in FG broilers and that a worsening is observed as the bird slaughter age is increased, the present study was intended to evaluate the distribution and the expression level of COL4 protein and its coding genes in PMs of FG broilers at different stages of muscle development (i.e., 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 d of age). Medium-growing (MG) chickens have been considered as the control group in consideration of the lower selection pressure on breast muscle growth rate and hypertrophy. Briefly, 5 PM/sampling time/genotype were selected for western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and gene expression analyses. The normalized expression levels of COL4 coding genes showed an overexpression of COL4A2 in FG than MG at d 28, as well as a significant decrease in its expression over their rearing period. Overall, results obtained through the gene expression analysis suggested that selection for the hypertrophic growth of FG broilers may have led to an altered regulation of fibroblast proliferation and COL4 synthesis. Moreover, western blot and IHC analyses suggested an altered secretion and/or degradation of COL4 protein in FG broilers, as evidenced by the fluctuating trend of 2 bands observed in FG over time. In view of the above, the present research supports the evidence about a potential aberrant synthesis and/or degradation of COL4 and corroborates the hypothesis regarding a likely involvement of COL4 in the series of events underlying the growth-related abnormalities in modern FG broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bordini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mazzoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mattia Di Nunzio
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (Defens), University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Martina Zappaterra
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Sirri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adele Meluzzi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Petracci
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Francesca Soglia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Abou Khouzam R, Janji B, Thiery J, Zaarour RF, Chamseddine AN, Mayr H, Savagner P, Kieda C, Gad S, Buart S, Lehn JM, Limani P, Chouaib S. Hypoxia as a potential inducer of immune tolerance, tumor plasticity and a driver of tumor mutational burden: Impact on cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 97:104-123. [PMID: 38029865 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
In cancer patients, immune cells are often functionally compromised due to the immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) which contribute to the failures in cancer therapies. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that developing tumors adapt to the immunological environment and create a local microenvironment that impairs immune function by inducing immune tolerance and invasion. In this context, microenvironmental hypoxia, which is an established hallmark of solid tumors, significantly contributes to tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance through the induction of tumor plasticity/heterogeneity and, more importantly, through the differentiation and expansion of immune-suppressive stromal cells. We and others have provided evidence indicating that hypoxia also drives genomic instability in cancer cells and interferes with DNA damage response and repair suggesting that hypoxia could be a potential driver of tumor mutational burden. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge on how hypoxic stress in the TME impacts tumor angiogenesis, heterogeneity, plasticity, and immune resistance, with a special interest in tumor immunogenicity and hypoxia targeting. An integrated understanding of the complexity of the effect of hypoxia on the immune and microenvironmental components could lead to the identification of better adapted and more effective combinational strategies in cancer immunotherapy. Clearly, the discovery and validation of therapeutic targets derived from the hypoxic tumor microenvironment is of major importance and the identification of critical hypoxia-associated pathways could generate targets that are undeniably attractive for combined cancer immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raefa Abou Khouzam
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Bassam Janji
- Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Tumor Immunotherapy and Microenvironment (TIME) Group, 6A, rue Nicolas-Ernest Barblé, L-1210 Luxembourg city, Luxembourg.
| | - Jerome Thiery
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Rania Faouzi Zaarour
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ali N Chamseddine
- Gastroenterology Department, Cochin University Hospital, Université de Paris, APHP, Paris, France; Ambroise Paré - Hartmann Private Hospital Group, Oncology Unit, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.
| | - Hemma Mayr
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University and University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Pierre Savagner
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Claudine Kieda
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Innovative Therapies, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; Centre for Molecular Biophysics, UPR 4301 CNRS, 45071 Orleans, France; Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-004 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sophie Gad
- Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Sciences Lettres University (PSL), 75014 Paris, France; UMR CNRS 9019, Genome Integrity and Cancers, Gustave Roussy, Paris-Saclay University, 94800 Villejuif, France.
| | - Stéphanie Buart
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Perparim Limani
- Swiss Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Surgery & Transplantation, University and University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Salem Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 4184, United Arab Emirates; INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France.
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5
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Betageri KR, Link PA, Haak AJ, Ligresti G, Tschumperlin DJ, Caporarello N. The matricellular protein CCN3 supports lung endothelial homeostasis and function. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L154-L168. [PMID: 36573684 PMCID: PMC9925165 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00248.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant vascular remodeling contributes to the progression of many aging-associated diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), where heterogeneous capillary density, endothelial transcriptional alterations, and increased vascular permeability correlate with poor disease outcomes. Thus, identifying disease-driving mechanisms in the pulmonary vasculature may be a promising strategy to limit IPF progression. Here, we identified Ccn3 as an endothelial-derived factor that is upregulated in resolving but not in persistent lung fibrosis in mice, and whose function is critical for vascular homeostasis and repair. Loss and gain of function experiments were carried out to test the role of CCN3 in lung microvascular endothelial function in vitro through RNAi and the addition of recombinant human CCN3 protein, respectively. Endothelial migration, permeability, proliferation, and in vitro angiogenesis were tested in cultured human lung microvascular endothelial cells (ECs). Loss of CCN3 in lung ECs resulted in transcriptional alterations along with impaired wound-healing responses, in vitro angiogenesis, barrier integrity as well as an increased profibrotic activity through paracrine signals, whereas the addition of recombinant CCN3 augmented endothelial function. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the matricellular protein CCN3 plays an important role in lung endothelial function and could serve as a promising therapeutic target to facilitate vascular repair and promote lung fibrosis resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana R Betageri
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Patrick A Link
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Targeting HIF-1α by Natural and Synthetic Compounds: A Promising Approach for Anti-Cancer Therapeutics Development. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165192. [PMID: 36014432 PMCID: PMC9413992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancement in novel target detection using improved molecular cancer biology has opened up new avenues for promising anti-cancer drug development. In the past two decades, the mechanism of tumor hypoxia has become more understandable with the discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). It is a major transcriptional regulator that coordinates the activity of various transcription factors and their downstream molecules involved in tumorigenesis. HIF-1α not only plays a crucial role in the adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxia but also regulates different biological processes, including cell proliferation, survival, cellular metabolism, angiogenesis, metastasis, cancer stem cell maintenance, and propagation. Therefore, HIF-1α overexpression is strongly associated with poor prognosis in patients with different solid cancers. Hence, pharmacological targeting of HIF-1α has been considered to be a novel cancer therapeutic strategy in recent years. In this review, we provide brief descriptions of natural and synthetic compounds as HIF-1α inhibitors that have the potential to accelerate anticancer drug discovery. This review also introduces the mode of action of these compounds for a better understanding of the chemical leads, which could be useful as cancer therapeutics in the future.
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7
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Wu W, Su Y, Hu C, Tao H, Jiang Y, Zhu G, Zhu J, Zhai Y, Qu J, Zhou X, Zhao F. Hypoxia-Induced Scleral HIF-2α Upregulation Contributes to Rises in MMP-2 Expression and Myopia Development in Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:2. [PMID: 35802383 PMCID: PMC9279925 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.8.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Scleral hypoxia is a key factor that induces hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) upregulation, and this response contributes to myopia progression. Currently, we aim to determine if the different HIF subtypes, including HIF-1α and HIF-2α, mediate hypoxia-induced myopia development through promoting scleral MMP-2 expression and collagen degradation. Methods Our study included: (1) time-course of scleral HIF-2α, MMP-2, and COL1α1 expression during form-deprivation myopia (FDM) development was determined in C57BL/6J mice. (2) The effect of silencing either HIF-1Α or HIF-2A on hypoxia-induced alterations in MMP-2 expression was analyzed in cultured human scleral fibroblasts (HSFs) under a hypoxic condition (i.e. 1% oxygen). (3) To knock-down either HIF-1α or HIF-2α expression in the sclera, we performed Sub-Tenon's capsule injection of an adeno-associated virus (AAV)8-packaged Cre overexpression vector (AAV8-Cre) in HIF-1αfl/fl or HIF-2αfl/fl mice. HIF-1α, HIF-2α, MMP-2, and COL1α1 expression were analyzed by Western blot or quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In addition, the effects of scleral HIF-2α knock-down on normal refractive development and FDM development were evaluated. Results The time-dependent increases in scleral HIF-2α mimicked the HIF-1α expression profiles as we previously described. Hypoxia significantly promoted MMP-2 expression in HSFs, and this upregulation was solely alleviated by HIF-2A rather than HIF-1A silencing. Scleral HIF-2α knockdown significantly inhibited form-deprivation (FD)-induced MMP-2 upregulation and declines in COL1α1 accumulation and myopia development. Although scleral HIF-1α knockdown also significantly suppressed FD-induced declines in COL1α1 accumulation, it did not abrogate scleral MMP-2 upregulation. Conclusions HIF-2α rather than HIF-1α induces myopia development through upregulating MMP-2 and promoting collagen degradation in the sclera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongchao Su
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changxi Hu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huixin Tao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guandong Zhu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiadi Zhu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhai
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Qu
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangtian Zhou
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Research Unit of Myopia Basic Research and Clinical Prevention and Control, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU025), Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Optometry, Ophthalmology, and Vision Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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8
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Elucidating the role of hypoxia-inducible factor in rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:737-748. [PMID: 35364736 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic multifactorial disease, provocative, and degenerative autoimmune condition that impacts millions of individuals around the globe. As a result of this understanding, anti-inflammatory drugs have been created, perhaps widely effective (like steroids) and highly specialized methods (including anti-TNF antibody) using biological therapies (including TNF inhibitors). Despite this, the connections between inflammatory response, articular development, and intracellular responsiveness to changes in oxygen concentration are undervalued in rheumatoid arthritis. Hypoxia, or a lack of oxygen, is thought to cause enhanced synovial angiogenesis in RA, which is mediated by some of the hypoxia-inducible factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Substantial genetic alterations occur when the HIF regulatory factors signaling cycle is activated, allowing organelles, tissues, and species to acclimatize to decreasing oxygen saturation. The most well-characterized hypoxia-responsive transcripts are the angiogenic stimulant VEGF, whose production is greatly elevated by hypoxia in several types of cells, especially RA synovium fibroblasts. Blocking vascular endothelial growth factors has been demonstrated to be helpful in murine models of rheumatism, indicating how hypoxia could trigger the angiogenesis process, resulting in the progression of RA. These mechanisms highlight the intimate affiliation amongst hypoxia, angiogenesis, and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. This review will look at how hypoxia activates molecular pathways and how other pathways involving inflammatory signals develop and sustain synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Banaszkiewicz M, Olejnik A, Krzywonos-Zawadzka A, Hałucha K, Bil-Lula I. Expression of atrial‑fetal light chains in cultured human cardiomyocytes after chemical ischemia‑reperfusion injury. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:770. [PMID: 34490485 PMCID: PMC8430302 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial light chains (ALC1) are naturally present in adult heart atria, while ventricular light chains (VLC1) are predominant in ventricles. Degradation of VLC1 and re-expression of ALC1 in heart ventricles are associated with heart disorders in response to pressure overload. The aim of the current study was to investigate changes in myosin light chain expression after simulated ischemia and simulated reperfusion (sI/sR). Human cardiomyocytes (HCM) isolated from adult heart ventricles were subjected to chemical ischemia. The control group was maintained under aerobic conditions. Myocyte injury was determined by testing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. The gene expression of ALC1, VLC1 and MMP-2 were assessed by reverse transcription-quatitive PCR. Additionally, protein synthesis was measured using ELISA kits and MMP-2 activity was measured by zymography. The results revealed that LDH activity was increased in sI/sR cell-conditioned medium (P=0.02), confirming the ischemic damage of HCM. ALC1 gene expression and content in HCM were also increased in the sI/sR group (P=0.03 and P<0.001, respectively), while VLC1 gene expression after sI/sR was decreased (P=0.008). Furthermore, MMP-2 gene expression and synthesis were lower in the sI/sR group when compared with the aerobic control group (P<0.001 and P=0.03, respectively). MMP-2 activity was also increased in sI/sR cell-conditioned medium (P=0.006). In conclusion, sI/sR treatment led to increased ALC1 and decreased VLC1 expression in ventricular cardiomyocytes, which may constitute an adaptive mechanism to altered conditions and contribute to the improvement of heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Banaszkiewicz
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50‑556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejnik
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50‑556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Krzywonos-Zawadzka
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50‑556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kornela Hałucha
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50‑556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Haematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50‑556 Wroclaw, Poland
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10
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Rashid M, Zadeh LR, Baradaran B, Molavi O, Ghesmati Z, Sabzichi M, Ramezani F. Up-down regulation of HIF-1α in cancer progression. Gene 2021; 798:145796. [PMID: 34175393 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia induicible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a key transcription factor in cancer progression and target therapy in cancer. HIF-1α acts differently depending on presence or absence of Oxygen. In an oxygen-immersed environment, HIF-1α completely deactivated and destroyed by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP). In contrast, in the oxygen-free environment, it escapes destruction and enters to the nucleus of cells then upregulates many genes involved in cancer progression. Overexpressed HIF-1α and downstream genes support cancer progression through various mechanisms including angiogenesis, proliferation and survival of cells, metabolism reprogramming, invasion and metastasis, cancer stem cell maintenance, induction of genetic instability, and treatment resistance. HIF-1α can be provoked by signaling pathways unrelated to hypoxia during cancer progression. Therefore, cancer development and progression can be modulated by targeting HIF-1α and its downstream signaling molecules. In this regard, HIF-1α inhibitors which are categorized into the agents that regulate HIF-1α in gene, mRNA and protein levels used as an efficient way in cancer treatment. Also, HIF-1α expression can be negatively affected by the agents suppressing the activation of mTOR, PI3k/Akt and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Rashid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Rostami Zadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ommoleila Molavi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ghesmati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sabzichi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Hapke RY, Haake SM. Hypoxia-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition in cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 487:10-20. [PMID: 32470488 PMCID: PMC7336507 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A common feature of many solid tumors is low oxygen conditions due to inadequate blood supply. Hypoxia induces hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) stabilization and downstream signaling. This signaling has pleiotropic roles in cancers, including the promotion of cellular proliferation, changes in metabolism, and induction of angiogenesis. In addition, hypoxia is becoming recognized as an important driver of epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) in cancer. During EMT, epithelial cells lose their typical polarized states and transition to a more mobile mesenchymal phenotype. Hypoxia induces this transition by modulating EMT signaling pathways, inducing EMT transcription factor activity, and regulating miRNA networks. As both hypoxia and EMT modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are associated with immunosuppression, we also explore how these pathways may impact response to immuno-oncology therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott M Haake
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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12
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Design of Advanced Polymeric Hydrogels for Tissue Regenerative Medicine: Oxygen-Controllable Hydrogel Materials. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1250:63-78. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3262-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Pathak T, Gueguinou M, Walter V, Delierneux C, Johnson MT, Zhang X, Xin P, Yoast RE, Emrich SM, Yochum GS, Sekler I, Koltun WA, Gill DL, Hempel N, Trebak M. Dichotomous role of the human mitochondrial Na +/Ca2 +/Li + exchanger NCLX in colorectal cancer growth and metastasis. eLife 2020; 9:59686. [PMID: 32914752 PMCID: PMC7529464 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the established role of mitochondria in cancer, the mechanisms by which mitochondrial Ca2+ (mtCa2+) regulates tumorigenesis remain incompletely understood. The crucial role of mtCa2+ in tumorigenesis is highlighted by altered expression of proteins mediating mtCa2+ uptake and extrusion in cancer. Here, we demonstrate decreased expression of the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+/Li+ exchanger NCLX (SLC8B1) in human colorectal tumors and its association with advanced-stage disease in patients. Downregulation of NCLX causes mtCa2+ overload, mitochondrial depolarization, decreased expression of cell-cycle genes and reduced tumor size in xenograft and spontaneous colorectal cancer mouse models. Concomitantly, NCLX downregulation drives metastatic spread, chemoresistance, and expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal, hypoxia, and stem cell pathways. Mechanistically, mtCa2+ overload leads to increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, which activate HIF1α signaling supporting metastasis of NCLX-null tumor cells. Thus, loss of NCLX is a novel driver of metastasis, indicating that regulation of mtCa2+ is a novel therapeutic approach in metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trayambak Pathak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Maxime Gueguinou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Vonn Walter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States,Penn State Cancer Institute. The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Celine Delierneux
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Martin T Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Gregory S Yochum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States,Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Israel Sekler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer ShevaIsrael
| | - Walter A Koltun
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Donald L Gill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States,Penn State Cancer Institute. The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States,Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyUnited States
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14
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Fibrin Glue Enhances Adipose-Derived Stromal Cell Cytokine Secretion and Survival Conferring Accelerated Diabetic Wound Healing. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:1353085. [PMID: 30662467 PMCID: PMC6313983 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1353085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although chronic wounds are a major personal and economic burden, treatment options are still limited. Among those options, adipose-derived stromal cell- (ASC-) based therapies rank as a promising approach but are restricted by the harsh wound environment. Here we use a commercially available fibrin glue to provide a deliverable niche for ASCs in chronic wounds. Material and Methods To investigate the in vitro effect of fibrin glue, cultivation experiments were performed and key cytokines for regeneration were quantified. By using an established murine chronic diabetic wound-healing model, we evaluated the influence of fibrin glue spray seeding on cell survival (In Vivo Imaging System, IVIS), wound healing (wound closure kinetics), and neovascularization of healed wounds (CD31 immunohistochemistry). Results Fibrin glue seeding leads to a significantly enhanced secretion of key cytokines (SDF-1, bFGF, and MMP-2) of human ASCs in vitro. IVIS imaging showed a significantly prolonged murine ASC survival in diabetic wounds and significantly accelerated complete wound closure in the fibrin glue seeded group. CD31 immunohistochemistry revealed significantly more neovascularization in healed wounds treated with ASCs spray seeded in fibrin glue vs. ASC injected into the wound bed. Conclusion Although several vehicles have shown to successfully act as cell carrier systems in preclinical trials, regulatory issues have prohibited clinical usage for chronic wounds. By demonstrating the ability of fibrin glue to act as a carrier vehicle for ASCs, while simultaneously enhancing cellular regenerative function and viability, this study is a proponent of clinical translation for ASC-based therapies.
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15
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Zhang X, Chen L. Effects of CoCl 2-simulated hypoxia on the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases in renal adenocarcinoma cells and renal tubular epithelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1454-1460. [PMID: 30116394 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with hypoxia, but the effects of hypoxia on the process of angiogenesis in the two diseases are dramatically different. Some of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP2 and MMP9, may have a role because they represent the most prominent family of proteinases associated with angiogenesis. In the present study, the differential response of human renal cell cancer cells (786-0), human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) to hypoxia with regards to the expression of MMP2, MMP9, MMP14, TIMP2, RECK was investigated. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) treatment was used to simulate the hypoxia environment in RCC and CKD. The expression levels of HIF-1α, RECK, MMP2, MMP9, MMP14 and TIMP2 in HK2, 786-0 and HMEC-1 cells were determined by western blot analysis after incubation with varying concentrations of CoCl2 for 24 h. It was indicated that the effects of hypoxia on the endogenous expression of RECK and MMP2 differed depending on the considered cell type. Notably, the RECK expression was significantly decreased in 786-0 cells under hypoxia, whereas this expression was slightly increased in HK2 and HMEC-1 cells. Furthermore, the MMP2 expression was significantly increased in HMEC-1 cells under hypoxia, whereas the expression was slightly decreased in HK2 and 786-0 cells. These results demonstrate that 786-0, HK2 and HMEC-1 cells respond differently under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, MMP2 and RECK may serve divergent roles in HK2 and HMEC-1 cells under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
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16
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Biały D, Wawrzyńska M, Bil-Lula I, Krzywonos-Zawadzka A, Sapa-Wojciechowska A, Arkowski J, Woźniak M, Sawicki G. Low frequency electromagnetic field decreases ischemia-reperfusion injury of human cardiomyocytes and supports their metabolic function. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:809-816. [PMID: 29848052 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218779773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Electromagnetic field at extremely low frequencies plays a significant role in the physiological function of human tissues and systems. It is shown that electromagnetic field inhibits production of reactive oxygen species which are involved in heart injury triggered by oxidative stress. We hypothesize that low frequency electromagnetic field protects function of cardiac cells from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Human cardiac myocytes, endothelial cells, and cardiac fibroblast underwent ischemia-reperfusion conditions in the presence or in the absence of low frequency electromagnetic field. LDH and MMP-2 activities (as markers of cell injury), and cell metabolic activity (by fluorescein diacetate staining) were measured to determine the protective role of low frequency electromagnetic field. Our data showed that short courses of low frequency electromagnetic field protect cardiac cells from cellular damage and preserve their metabolic activity during ischemia-reperfusion. This study demonstrates the possibility to use of low frequency electromagnetic field as strategy for the prevention or therapy of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Impact statement In our study, we showed that LF-EMF may be protective for heart during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Following is the short description of the main findings: (a) the response to the I/R injury was different for endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and cardiomyocytes; (b) I/R decreases MMP-2 activity in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts;
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Biały
- 1 Department and Clinic of Cardiology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wawrzyńska
- 2 Department and Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Iwona Bil-Lula
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Anna Krzywonos-Zawadzka
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sapa-Wojciechowska
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Jacek Arkowski
- 2 Department and Clinic of Emergency Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Mieczysław Woźniak
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland.,4 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Grzegorz Sawicki
- 3 Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Clinical Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland.,4 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon S7N 5E5, Canada
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17
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Plasma proteomic study of acute mountain sickness susceptible and resistant individuals. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1265. [PMID: 29352170 PMCID: PMC5775437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although extensive studies have focused on the development of acute mountain sickness (AMS), the exact mechanisms of AMS are still obscure. In this study, we used isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomic analysis to identify novel AMS−associated biomarkers in human plasma. After 9 hours of hypobaric hypoxia the abundance of proteins related to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycolysis, ribosome, and proteasome were significantly reduced in AMS resistant (AMS−) group, but not in AMS susceptible (AMS+) group. This suggested that AMS− individuals could reduce oxygen consumption via repressing TCA cycle and glycolysis, and reduce energy consumption through decreasing protein degradation and synthesis compared to AMS+ individuals after acute hypoxic exposure. The inflammatory response might be decreased resulting from the repressed TCA cycle. We propose that the ability for oxygen consumption reduction may play an important role in the development of AMS. Our present plasma proteomic study in plateau of the Han Chinese volunteers gives new data to address the development of AMS and potential AMS correlative biomarkers.
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18
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Duran CL, Howell DW, Dave JM, Smith RL, Torrie ME, Essner JJ, Bayless KJ. Molecular Regulation of Sprouting Angiogenesis. Compr Physiol 2017; 8:153-235. [PMID: 29357127 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c160048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The term angiogenesis arose in the 18th century. Several studies over the next 100 years laid the groundwork for initial studies performed by the Folkman laboratory, which were at first met with some opposition. Once overcome, the angiogenesis field has flourished due to studies on tumor angiogenesis and various developmental models that can be genetically manipulated, including mice and zebrafish. In addition, new discoveries have been aided by the ability to isolate primary endothelial cells, which has allowed dissection of various steps within angiogenesis. This review will summarize the molecular events that control angiogenesis downstream of biochemical factors such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and lipids. These and other stimuli have been linked to regulation of junctional molecules and cell surface receptors. In addition, the contribution of cytoskeletal elements and regulatory proteins has revealed an intricate role for mobilization of actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments in response to cues that activate the endothelium. Activating stimuli also affect various focal adhesion proteins, scaffold proteins, intracellular kinases, and second messengers. Finally, metalloproteinases, which facilitate matrix degradation and the formation of new blood vessels, are discussed, along with our knowledge of crosstalk between the various subclasses of these molecules throughout the text. Compr Physiol 8:153-235, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille L Duran
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - David W Howell
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jui M Dave
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Melanie E Torrie
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Essner
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, USA
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19
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Gao J, Bai H, Li Q, Li J, Wan F, Tian M, Li Y, Song Y, Zhang J, Si Y. In vitro investigation of the mechanism underlying the effect of ginsenoside on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:353-363. [PMID: 29138802 PMCID: PMC5746305 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study comprised a series of experiments to investigate the mechanism underlying the effect of ginsenoside on the self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) undergoing oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in vitro. The NSCs, which were isolated from the hippocampus of embryonic day 17 embryo rats, were subjected to OGD/R to establish an in vitro model of brain ischemia-reperfusion, following which different doses of ginsenoside were administered to the model. The proliferation of the NSCs was determined using MTT colorimetry and nestin/bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunofluorescent double-labeling. The NSCs were identified by measuring the expression of nestin, and the differentiation of NSCs was assessed through the immunofluorescent double-labeling of nestin/vimentin and nestin/neuron-specific class III β-tubulin (tuj-1). The protein levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were detected to investigate the function and mechanism of ginsenoside on ischemic stroke using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Marked increases in the optical density, area density and numbers of nestin/BrdU-, nestin/vimentin- and nestin/tuj-1-positive cells were found in the ginsenoside-treated group. Compared with the control group, enhanced expression levels of BrdU, tuj-1 and vimentin were found in the ginsenoside-treated group, suggesting that ginsenoside may significantly promote the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs. The results of the present study also showed that ginsenoside significantly increased the protein level of HIF-1α (P<0.05) in the NSCs exposed to OGD/R. These results indicated that ginsenoside may maintain NSC replication, promote NSC proliferation and promote NSC differentiation into neurons and astrocytes. Ginsenoside may initiate the expression of downstream VEGF, which is involved in promoting the survival, self-renewal and differentiation of NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Huajing Bai
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Mo Tian
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yilun Song
- International School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Yinchu Si
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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20
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Lamothe SM, Song W, Guo J, Li W, Yang T, Baranchuk A, Graham CH, Zhang S. Hypoxia reduces mature hERG channels through calpain up‐regulation. FASEB J 2017; 31:5068-5077. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700255r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn M. Lamothe
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - WonJu Song
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Wentao Li
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Tonghua Yang
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Adrian Baranchuk
- Department of Medicine, Kingston General HospitalQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Charles H. Graham
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Shetuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
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21
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Protective Effects of Chronic Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Pretreatment against Aplastic Anemia through Improving the Adhesiveness and Stress of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rats. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:5706193. [PMID: 28798776 PMCID: PMC5534323 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5706193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a common malignant blood disease, and chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) has a beneficial effect against different diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of CIHH against AA and underlying mechanisms. 5-Fluorouracil and busulfan treatment induced AA model in rats with reduction of hematological parameters and bone marrow tissue injury and decrease of the colony numbers of progenitor cells. CIHH pretreatment significantly reduced the incidence rate of AA and alleviated above symptoms in AA model. The adhesive molecules of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in AA model, VLA-4, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 were upregulated, and those of CD162 and CD164 were downregulated by CIHH pretreatment. The expressions of HIF-1α and NF-κB in BMMSCs were also decreased through CIHH pretreatment. Overall, the results demonstrated for the first time that CIHH has an anti-AA effect through improving the adhesiveness and stress of mesenchymal stem cells in rats. CIHH could be a promising and effective therapy for AA.
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22
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Lin W, Xu L, Zwingenberger S, Gibon E, Goodman SB, Li G. Mesenchymal stem cells homing to improve bone healing. J Orthop Translat 2017; 9:19-27. [PMID: 29662796 PMCID: PMC5822957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy continues to attract growing interest as a promising approach to treat a variety of diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been one of the most intensely studied candidates for cell therapy. Since the homing capacity of MSCs is an important determinant of effective MSC-based therapy, the enhancement of homing efficiency is essential for optimizing the therapeutic outcome. Furthermore, trafficking of endogenous MSCs to damaged tissues, also referred to as endogenic stem cell homing, and the subsequent participation of MSCs in tissue regeneration are considered to be a natural self-healing response. Therefore, strategies to stimulate and reinforce the mobilisation and homing of MSCs have become a key point in regenerative medicine. The current review focuses on advances in the mechanisms and factors governing trafficking of MSCs, and the relationship between MSC mobilisation and skeletal diseases, providing insights into strategies for their potential translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiping Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Gibon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hopital Cochin, APHP, Université Paris 5, Paris, France
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center Outpatient Center, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Stuart B. Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center Outpatient Center, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
- Corresponding authors. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center Outpatient Center, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA (S. Goodman); Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China (G. Li).
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Corresponding authors. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center Outpatient Center, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA (S. Goodman); Room 904, 9/F, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China (G. Li).
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23
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Mohindra V, Tripathi RK, Singh A, Patangia R, Singh RK, Lal KK, Jena JK. Hypoxic stress -responsive genes in air breathing catfish, Clarias magur (Hamilton 1822) and their possible physiological adaptive function. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 59:46-56. [PMID: 27742587 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Indian catfish, Clarias magur (previous name C. batrachus) is an air breathing fish, inhabitant of aquatic bodies characterized by low dissolved oxygen levels. It is exposed to hypoxic conditions in its natural habitat. Thus, it can be useful model to study the mechanism of hypoxia stress tolerance. In C. magur, molecular processes facilitating its adaptation to hypoxia stress remain largely unexplored, in part due to unavailability of genomic resources. The suppression subtractive hybridization technique (SSH) was employed to compare the differential expression of transcripts under experimental hypoxic conditions, to that of normoxic conditions. Twelve subtracted cDNA libraries (six each forward and reverse) were constructed from brain, heart, liver, muscle, spleen and head kidney tissues. A total of 2020 clones were screened and sequenced, resulting into 1805 high quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Annotation of these differentially expressed ESTs resulted into the identification of genes involved in vast majority of pathways/processes affecting metabolism, cellular processes, signal transduction and/or immune functions. Additionally, 18 potential novel genes expressed in hypoxia stress exposed fish were also identified. The study had catalogued the differentially expressed genes from hypoxia stress induced C. magur, where most of them are reported for the first time in a hypoxia-tolerant fish species. The results not only provided insights for the hypoxia stress altered cellular functions in C. magur, but also generated a valuable functional genomics resource to assist targeted studies on functional genomics and future genome projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vindhya Mohindra
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ratnesh Kumar Tripathi
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Patangia
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Kumar Lal
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Joy Krushna Jena
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Glioblastoma, hypoxia and autophagy: a survival-prone 'ménage-à-trois'. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2434. [PMID: 27787518 PMCID: PMC5133985 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and the most aggressive primary brain tumor. It is characterized by a high degree of hypoxia and also by a remarkable resistance to therapy because of its adaptation capabilities that include autophagy. This degradation process allows the recycling of cellular components, leading to the formation of metabolic precursors and production of adenosine triphosphate. Hypoxia can induce autophagy through the activation of several autophagy-related proteins such as BNIP3, AMPK, REDD1, PML, and the unfolded protein response-related transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP. This review summarizes the most recent data about induction of autophagy under hypoxic condition and the role of autophagy in glioblastoma.
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25
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Hua S, Dias TH. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) as a Target for Novel Therapies in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:184. [PMID: 27445820 PMCID: PMC4921475 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an important micro-environmental characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) are key transcriptional factors that are highly expressed in RA synovium to regulate the adaptive responses to this hypoxic milieu. Accumulating evidence supports hypoxia and HIFs in regulating a number of important pathophysiological characteristics of RA, including synovial inflammation, angiogenesis, and cartilage destruction. Experimental and clinical data have confirmed the upregulation of both HIF-1α and HIF-2α in RA. This review will focus on the differential expression of HIFs within the synovial joint and its functional behavior in different cell types to regulate RA progression. Potential development of new therapeutic strategies targeting HIF-regulated pathways at sites of disease in RA will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hua
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of NewcastleCallaghan, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Thilani H Dias
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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Shin DH, Dier U, Melendez JA, Hempel N. Regulation of MMP-1 expression in response to hypoxia is dependent on the intracellular redox status of metastatic bladder cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:2593-602. [PMID: 26343184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High steady-state reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has been implicated with metastatic disease progression. We provide new evidence that this increased intracellular ROS milieu uniquely predisposes metastatic tumor cells to hypoxia-mediated regulation of the matrix metalloproteinase MMP-1. Using a cell culture metastatic progression model we previously reported that steady-state intracellular H2O2 levels are elevated in highly metastatic 253J-BV bladder cancer cells compared to their non-metastatic 253J parental cells. 253J-BV cells display higher basal MMP-1 expression, which is further enhanced under hypoxic conditions (1% O2). This hypoxia-mediated MMP-1 increase was not observed in the non-metastatic 253J cells. Hypoxia-induced MMP-1 increases are accompanied by the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs)-1α and HIF-2α, and a rise in intracellular ROS in metastatic 253J-BV cells. RNA interference studies show that hypoxia-mediated MMP-1 expression is primarily dependent on the presence of HIF-2α. Further, hypoxia promotes migration and spheroid outgrowth of only the metastatic 253J-BV cells and not the parental 253J cells. The observed HIF stabilization, MMP-1 expression and migration under hypoxia are dependent on increases in intracellular ROS, as these effects are attenuated by treatment with the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine. These data show that ROS play an important role in hypoxia-mediated MMP-1 expression and that an elevated intracellular redox environment, as observed in metastasis, predisposes tumor cells to an enhanced hypoxic response. It further supports the notion that metastatic tumor cells are uniquely able to utilize intracellular increases in ROS to drive pro-metastatic signaling events and highlights the important interplay between ROS and hypoxia in malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hui Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Usawadee Dier
- Nanobioscience Constellation, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Juan Andres Melendez
- Nanobioscience Constellation, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, USA.
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Basilico N, Magnetto C, D'Alessandro S, Panariti A, Rivolta I, Genova T, Khadjavi A, Gulino GR, Argenziano M, Soster M, Cavalli R, Giribaldi G, Guiot C, Prato M. Dextran-shelled oxygen-loaded nanodroplets reestablish a normoxia-like pro-angiogenic phenotype and behavior in hypoxic human dermal microvascular endothelium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 288:330-8. [PMID: 26276311 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In chronic wounds, hypoxia seriously undermines tissue repair processes by altering the balances between pro-angiogenic proteolytic enzymes (matrix metalloproteinases, MMPs) and their inhibitors (tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, TIMPs) released from surrounding cells. Recently, we have shown that in human monocytes hypoxia reduces MMP-9 and increases TIMP-1 without affecting TIMP-2 secretion, whereas in human keratinocytes it reduces MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2, without affecting TIMP-1 release. Provided that the phenotype of the cellular environment is better understood, chronic wounds might be targeted by new oxygenating compounds such as chitosan- or dextran-shelled and 2H,3H-decafluoropentane-cored oxygen-loaded nanodroplets (OLNs). Here, we investigated the effects of hypoxia and dextran-shelled OLNs on the pro-angiogenic phenotype and behavior of human dermal microvascular endothelium (HMEC-1 cell line), another cell population playing key roles during wound healing. Normoxic HMEC-1 constitutively released MMP-2, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 proteins, but not MMP-9. Hypoxia enhanced MMP-2 and reduced TIMP-1 secretion, without affecting TIMP-2 levels, and compromised cell ability to migrate and invade the extracellular matrix. When taken up by HMEC-1, nontoxic OLNs abrogated the effects of hypoxia, restoring normoxic MMP/TIMP levels and promoting cell migration, matrix invasion, and formation of microvessels. These effects were specifically dependent on time-sustained oxygen diffusion from OLN core, since they were not achieved by oxygen-free nanodroplets or oxygen-saturated solution. Collectively, these data provide new information on the effects of hypoxia on dermal endothelium and support the hypothesis that OLNs might be used as effective adjuvant tools to promote chronic wound healing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Basilico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Chiara Magnetto
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM), Strada delle Cacce, 91, 10135 Torino, Italy.
| | - Sarah D'Alessandro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, via Pascal 36, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Alice Panariti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Milano Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Rivolta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Milano Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Tullio Genova
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy.
| | - Amina Khadjavi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Giulia Rossana Gulino
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Università di Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Monica Argenziano
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Giuria, 9, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Marco Soster
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Giuria, 9, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università di Torino, Via Giuria, 9, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Giuliana Giribaldi
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Università di Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Caterina Guiot
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Mauro Prato
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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Cui W, Zhou J, Dehne N, Brüne B. Hypoxia induces calpain activity and degrades SMAD2 to attenuate TGFβ signaling in macrophages. Cell Biosci 2015; 5:36. [PMID: 26146544 PMCID: PMC4491253 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-015-0026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Under inflammatory conditions or during tumor progression macrophages acquire distinct phenotypes, with factors of the microenvironment such as hypoxia and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) shaping their functional plasticity. TGFβ is among the factors causing alternative macrophage activation, which contributes to tissue regeneration and thus, resolution of inflammation but may also provoke tumor progression. However, the signal crosstalk between TGFβ and hypoxia is ill defined. Results Exposing human primary macrophages to TGFβ elicited a rapid SMAD2/SMAD3 phosphorylation. This early TGFβ-signaling remained unaffected by hypoxia. However, with prolonged exposure periods to TGFβ/hypoxia the expression of SMAD2 declined because of decreased protein stability. In parallel, hypoxia increased mRNA and protein amount of the calpain regulatory subunit, with the further notion that TGFβ/hypoxia elicited calpain activation. The dual specific proteasome/calpain inhibitor MG132 and the specific calpain inhibitor 1 rescued SMAD2 degradation, substantiating the ability of calpain to degrade SMAD2. Decreased SMAD2 expression reduced TGFβ transcriptional activity of its target genes thrombospondin 1, dystonin, and matrix metalloproteinase 2. Conclusions Hypoxia interferes with TGFβ signaling in macrophages by calpain-mediated proteolysis of the central signaling component SMAD2. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13578-015-0026-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China ; Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jie Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China
| | - Nathalie Dehne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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PEDF and its roles in physiological and pathological conditions: implication in diabetic and hypoxia-induced angiogenic diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 128:805-23. [PMID: 25881671 PMCID: PMC4557399 DOI: 10.1042/cs20130463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a broadly expressed multifunctional member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) family. This widely studied protein plays critical roles in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including neuroprotection, angiogenesis, fibrogenesis and inflammation. The present review summarizes the temporal and spatial distribution patterns of PEDF in a variety of developing and adult organs, and discusses its functions in maintaining physiological homoeostasis. The major focus of the present review is to discuss the implication of PEDF in diabetic and hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, and the pathways mediating PEDF's effects under these conditions. Furthermore, the regulatory mechanisms of PEDF expression, function and degradation are also reviewed. Finally, the therapeutic potential of PEDF as an anti-angiogenic drug is briefly summarized.
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Ejtehadifar M, Shamsasenjan K, Movassaghpour A, Akbarzadehlaleh P, Dehdilani N, Abbasi P, Molaeipour Z, Saleh M. The Effect of Hypoxia on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology. Adv Pharm Bull 2015; 5:141-9. [PMID: 26236651 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2015.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although physiological and pathological role of hypoxia have been appreciated in mammalians for decades however the cellular biology of hypoxia more clarified in the past 20 years. Discovery of the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, in the 1990s opened a new window to investigate the mechanisms behind hypoxia. In different cellular contexts HIF-1 activation show variable results by impacting various aspects of cell biology such as cell cycle, apoptosis, differentiation and etc. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are unique cells which take important role in tissue regeneration. They are characterized by self-renewal capacity, multilineage potential, and immunosuppressive property. Like so many kind of cells, hypoxia induces different responses in MSCs by HIF- 1 activation. The activation of this molecule changes the growth, multiplication, differentiation and gene expression profile of MSCs in their niche by a complex of signals. This article briefly discusses the most important effects of hypoxia in growth kinetics, signalling pathways, cytokine secretion profile and expression of chemokine receptors in different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ejtehadifar
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Karim Shamsasenjan
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. ; Iran Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Movassaghpour
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvin Akbarzadehlaleh
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Dehdilani
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Abbasi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Molaeipour
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahshid Saleh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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O'Gorman SM, Sheahan K, Collins P. Cocaine, a culprit in anetoderma? Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:695-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. M. O'Gorman
- The Charles Centre for Dermatology; St Vincent's University Hospital; Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - K. Sheahan
- Department of Pathology; St Vincent's University Hospital; Dublin 4 Ireland
| | - P. Collins
- The Charles Centre for Dermatology; St Vincent's University Hospital; Dublin 4 Ireland
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Gaffney J, Solomonov I, Zehorai E, Sagi I. Multilevel regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in tissue homeostasis indicates their molecular specificity in vivo. Matrix Biol 2015; 44-46:191-9. [PMID: 25622911 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a crucial role in irreversible remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in normal homeostasis and pathological states. Accumulating data from various studies strongly suggest that MMPs are tightly regulated, starting from the level of gene expression all the way to zymogen activation and endogenous inhibition, with each level controlled by multiple factors. Recent in vivo findings indicate that cell-ECM and cell-cell interactions, as well as ECM bio-active products, contribute an additional layer of regulation at all levels, indicating that individual MMP expression and activity in vivo are highly coordinated and tissue specific processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Gaffney
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inna Solomonov
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eldar Zehorai
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Sham A, Martinez EC, Beyer S, Trau DW, Raghunath M. Incorporation of a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor into scaffolds: a strategy for stimulating vascularization. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 21:1106-15. [PMID: 25370818 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical applications of tissue engineering are constrained by the ability of the implanted construct to invoke vascularization in adequate extent and velocity. To overcome the current limitations presented by local delivery of single angiogenic factors, we explored the incorporation of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (PHIs) into scaffolds as an alternative vascularization strategy. PHIs are small molecule drugs that can stabilize the alpha subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a key transcription factor that regulates a variety of angiogenic mechanisms. In this study, we conjugated the PHI pyridine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid (PDCA) through amide bonds to a gelatin sponge (Gelfoam(®)). Fibroblasts cultured on PDCA-Gelfoam were able to infiltrate and proliferate in these scaffolds while secreting significantly more vascular endothelial growth factor than cells grown on Gelfoam without PDCA. Reporter cells expressing green fluorescent protein-tagged HIF-1α exhibited dose-dependent stabilization of this angiogenic transcription factor when growing within PDCA-Gelfoam constructs. Subsequently, we implanted PDCA-Gelfoam scaffolds into the perirenal fat tissue of Sprague Dawley rats for 8 days. Immunostaining of explants revealed that the PDCA-Gelfoam scaffolds were amply infiltrated by cells and promoted vascular ingrowth in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, the incorporation of PHIs into scaffolds appears to be a feasible strategy for improving vascularization in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Sham
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
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Kowshik J, Baba AB, Giri H, Deepak Reddy G, Dixit M, Nagini S. Astaxanthin inhibits JAK/STAT-3 signaling to abrogate cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis in a hamster model of oral cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109114. [PMID: 25296162 PMCID: PMC4189964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying agents that inhibit STAT-3, a cytosolic transcription factor involved in the activation of various genes implicated in tumour progression is a promising strategy for cancer chemoprevention. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dietary astaxanthin on JAK-2/STAT-3 signaling in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch (HBP) carcinogenesis model by examining the mRNA and protein expression of JAK/STAT-3 and its target genes. Quantitative RT-PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that astaxanthin supplementation inhibits key events in JAK/STAT signaling especially STAT-3 phosphorylation and subsequent nuclear translocation of STAT-3. Furthermore, astaxanthin downregulated the expression of STAT-3 target genes involved in cell proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis, and reduced microvascular density, thereby preventing tumour progression. Molecular docking analysis confirmed inhibitory effects of astaxanthin on STAT signaling and angiogenesis. Cell culture experiments with the endothelial cell line ECV304 substantiated the role of astaxanthin in suppressing angiogenesis. Taken together, our data provide substantial evidence that dietary astaxanthin prevents the development and progression of HBP carcinomas through the inhibition of JAK-2/STAT-3 signaling and its downstream events. Thus, astaxanthin that functions as a potent inhibitor of tumour development and progression by targeting JAK/STAT signaling may be an ideal candidate for cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kowshik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abdul Basit Baba
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hemant Giri
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tami Nadu, India
| | - G. Deepak Reddy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Division, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Narsapur, India
| | - Madhulika Dixit
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tami Nadu, India
| | - Siddavaram Nagini
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India
- * E-mail:
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The role of hypoxia inducible factor-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:409272. [PMID: 25101278 PMCID: PMC4101982 DOI: 10.1155/2014/409272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of many solid tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hypoxia can promote tumor progression and induce radiation and chemotherapy resistance. As one of the major mediators of hypoxic response, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) has been shown to activate hypoxia-responsive genes, which are involved in multiple aspects of tumorigenesis and cancer progression, including proliferation, metabolism, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and therapy resistance. It has been demonstrated that a high level of HIF-1 in the HCC microenvironment leads to enhanced proliferation and survival of HCC cells. Accordingly, overexpression, of HIF-1 is associated with poor prognosis in HCC. In this review, we described the mechanism by which HIF-1 is regulated and how HIF-1 mediates the biological effects of hypoxia in tissues. We also summarized the latest findings concerning the role of HIF-1 in the development of HCC, which could shed light on new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of HCC.
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Abstract
Oxygen is vital for the existence of all multicellular organisms, acting as a signalling molecule regulating cellular activities. Specifically, hypoxia, which occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen falls below 5%, plays a pivotal role during development, regeneration and cancer. Here we report a novel hypoxia-inducible (HI) hydrogel composed of gelatin and ferulic acid that can form hydrogel networks via oxygen consumption in a laccase-mediated reaction. Oxygen levels and gradients within the hydrogels can be accurately controlled and precisely predicted. We demonstrate that HI hydrogels guide vascular morphogenesis in vitro via hypoxia-inducible factors activation of matrix metalloproteinases and promote rapid neovascularization from the host tissue during subcutaneous wound healing. The HI hydrogel is a new class of biomaterials that may prove useful in many applications, ranging from fundamental studies of developmental, regenerative and disease processes through the engineering of healthy and diseased tissue models towards the treatment of hypoxia-regulated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, and the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- 1] Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins Physical Sciences-Oncology Center, and the Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA [2] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Girão-Silva T, Bassaneze V, Campos LCG, Barauna VG, Dallan LAO, Krieger JE, Miyakawa AA. Short-term mechanical stretch fails to differentiate human adipose-derived stem cells into cardiovascular cell phenotypes. Biomed Eng Online 2014; 13:54. [PMID: 24885410 PMCID: PMC4012171 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925x-13-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We and others have previously demonstrated that adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) transplantation improve cardiac dysfunction post-myocardium infarction (MI) under hemodynamic stress in rats. The beneficial effects appear to be associated with pleiotropic factors due to a complex interplay between the transplanted ASCs and the microenvironment in the absence of cell transdifferentiation. In the present work, we tested the hypothesis that mechanical stretch per se could change human ASCs (hASCs) into cardiovascular cell phenotypes that might influence post-MI outcomes. Methods Human ASCs were obtained from patients undergoing liposuction procedures. These cells were stretched 12%, 1Hz up to 96 hours by using Flexercell 4000 system. Protein and gene expression were evaluated to identify cardiovascular cell markers. Culture medium was analyzed to determine cell releasing factors, and contraction potential was also evaluated. Results Mechanical stretch, which is associated with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, failed to induce the expression of cardiovascular cell markers in human ASCs, and mesenchymal cell surface markers (CD29; CD90) remained unchanged. hASCs and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) displayed comparable contraction ability. In addition, these cells demonstrated a profound ability to secrete an array of cytokines. These two properties of human ASCs were not influenced by mechanical stretch. Conclusions Altogether, our findings demonstrate that hASCs secrete an array of cytokines and display contraction ability even in the absence of induction of cardiovascular cell markers or the loss of mesenchymal surface markers when exposed to mechanical stretch. These properties may contribute to beneficial post-MI cardiovascular outcomes and deserve to be further explored under the controlled influence of other microenvironment components associated with myocardial infarction, such as tissue hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jose Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (InCor) - University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Avenue Dr, Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, São Paulo, SP 05403-000, Brazil.
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ZHANG ZHE, NIE FANGFEI, KANG CHUNFU, CHEN BIN, QIN ZELIAN, MA JIANXUN, MA YONGGUANG, ZHAO XIA. Increased periostin expression affects the proliferation, collagen synthesis, migration and invasion of keloid fibroblasts under hypoxic conditions. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:253-61. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Lee SH, Do SI, Kim HS. Hyperoxia accelerates progression of hepatic fibrosis by up-regulation of transforming growth factor-β expression. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:3011-3017. [PMID: 24659892 PMCID: PMC3961973 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i11.3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of hypoxia or hyperoxia on the progression of hepatic fibrosis and to examine the role of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the livers of rats exposed to hypoxic or hyperoxic conditions.
METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with thioacetamide to induce hepatic fibrosis and were randomly divided into a hypoxia group, a hyperoxia group and an untreated control group. Ten rats in the hypoxia group were exposed to an altitude of 20000 ft for 1 h/d during 7 wk. Ten rats in the hyperoxia group were exposed to a water depth of 20 m with 100% oxygen supply for 1 h/d during 7 wk. We evaluated the degree of hepatic fibrosis using Masson trichrome stain and examined the expression level of hepatic TGF-β mRNA using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis.
RESULTS: Eight of 10 rats exposed to hypoxia showed diffuse and confluent fibrosis with the formation of structurally abnormal parenchymal nodules involving the entire liver, consistent with hepatic cirrhosis. Nine of 10 rats exposed to hyperoxia also demonstrated obvious histological findings of hepatic cirrhosis identical to those in hypoxic rat livers. In contrast, 8 of 10 untreated rats had periportal or septal fibrosis only. The frequency of hepatic cirrhosis in hypoxic rats (P = 0.009) and hyperoxic rats (P = 0.003) was significantly higher than that in untreated rats. In addition, hepatic TGF-β mRNA levels in hyperoxic rats were significantly higher than those in untreated rats. The mean value of the normalized TGF-β mRNA/β-actin expression ratio in the hyperoxic rats was 1.9-fold higher than that in the untreated rats (P = 0.027).
CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that both hypoxia and hyperoxia accelerated the progression of hepatic fibrosis in rats. Significant up-regulation of hepatic TGF-β in hyperoxic rats suggests that TGF-β is involved in the acceleration of hepatic fibrosis under hyperoxic conditions.
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Xiong GM, Yuan S, Tan CK, Wang JK, Liu Y, Yang Tan TT, Tan NS, Choong C. Endothelial cell thrombogenicity is reduced by ATRP-mediated grafting of gelatin onto PCL surfaces. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:485-493. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20760a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Activation of intracellular matrix metalloproteinase-2 by reactive oxygen–nitrogen species: Consequences and therapeutic strategies in the heart. Arch Biochem Biophys 2013; 540:82-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Wollen EJ, Sejersted Y, Wright MS, Bik-Multanowski M, Madetko-Talowska A, Günther CC, Nygård S, Kwinta P, Pietrzyk JJ, Saugstad OD. Transcriptome profiling of the newborn mouse lung after hypoxia and reoxygenation: hyperoxic reoxygenation affects mTOR signaling pathway, DNA repair, and JNK-pathway regulation. Pediatr Res 2013; 74:536-44. [PMID: 23999071 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2013.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of oxygen in acute treatment of asphyxiated term newborns is associated with increased mortality. It is unclear how hyperoxic reoxygenation after hypoxia affects transcriptional changes in the newborn lung. METHODS On postnatal day 7, C57BL/6 mice (n = 62) were randomized to 120-min hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) 0.08) or normoxia. The hypoxia group was further randomized to reoxygenation for 30 min with FiO2 0.21, 0.40, 0.60, or 1.00, and the normoxia group to FiO2 0.21 or 1.00. Transcriptome profiling was performed on homogenized lung tissue using the Affymetrix 750k expression array, and validation was carried out by real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The hypoxia-reoxygenation model induced hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) targets like Vegfc, Adm, and Aqp1. In total, ~70% of the significantly differentially expressed genes were detected in the two high hyperoxic groups (FiO2 0.60 and 1.00). Reoxygenation with 100% oxygen after hypoxia uniquely upregulated Gadd45g, Dusp1, Peg3, and Tgm2. Pathway analysis identified mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, DNA repair, c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-pathway regulation, and cell cycle after hyperoxic reoxygenation was applied. CONCLUSION Acute hypoxia induces HIF-1 targets independent of the reoxygenation regime applied. Hyperoxic reoxygenation affects pathways regulating cell growth and survival. DNA-damage-responsive genes are restricted to reoxygenation with 100% oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Embjørg J Wollen
- Department of Pediatric Research, Women and Children's Division, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Effects of endothelial progenitor cell-derived microvesicles on hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced endothelial dysfunction and apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:572729. [PMID: 24288585 PMCID: PMC3830832 DOI: 10.1155/2013/572729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction plays a key role in ischemia/reperfusion injury. Recent evidence indicates that endothelial progenitor cell-derived microvesicles (EPC-MVs) can promote angiogenesis of endothelial cells (ECs). Here, we investigated the potential effects of EPC-MVs on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in human brain microvascular ECs (hb-ECs). MVs were prepared from EPCs cultured in a serum deprivation (SD) medium (starving stress, sEPC-MVs) or SD medium containing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) (apoptotic stress, aEPC-MVs). H/R injury model of hb-ECs was produced by 6 hr hypoxia (1% O2) and 24 hr reoxygenation. The H/R hb-ECs were co-cultured with EPC-MVs. Results showed that (1) H/R hb-ECs were dysfunctional and coupled with increased apoptosis and ROS overproduction; (2) under two different conditions, EPCs displayed remarkable difference in caspase 3 and miR126 expression, which were carried by the corresponsive EPC-MVs; (3) functionally, sEPC-MVs had beneficial effects on H/R hb-ECs, whereas aEPC-MVs had detrimental effects; (4) the diverse effects of sEPC-MVs and aEPC-MVs were associated with the changes in miR126 and eNOS expression and were abolished by PI3K inhibitor. In conclusion, sEPCs-MVs and aEPC-MVs are functionally different on hb-EC apoptosis and dysfunction via their carried RNAs associated with ROS production and PI3K/eNOS/NO pathway.
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Abstract
Hypoxia is a significant feature of solid tumor cancers. Hypoxia leads to a more malignant phenotype that is resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, is more invasive and has greater metastatic potential. Hypoxia activates the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway, which mediates the biological effects of hypoxia in tissues. The HIF complex acts as a transcription factor for many genes that increase tumor survival and proliferation. To date, many HIF pathway inhibitors indirectly affect HIF but there have been no clinically approved direct HIF inhibitors. This can be attributed to the complexity of the HIF pathway, as well as to the challenges of inhibiting protein-protein interactions.
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Meidan R, Klipper E, Zalman Y, Yalu R. The role of hypoxia-induced genes in ovarian angiogenesis. Reprod Fertil Dev 2013; 25:343-50. [PMID: 22950963 DOI: 10.1071/rd12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypoxic microenvironment that occurs in fast-growing tissue such as the corpus luteum (CL) is a major contributor to its ability to survive via the induction of an intricate vascular network. Cellular responses to hypoxia are mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), an oxygen-regulated transcriptional activator. HIF-1, a heterodimer consisting of a constitutively-expressed β subunit and an oxygen-regulated α subunit, binds to the hypoxia responsive element (HRE) present in the promoter regions of responsive genes. This review summarises evidence for the involvement of hypoxia and HIF-1α in CL development and function. Special emphasis is given to hypoxia-induced, luteal cell-specific expression of multiple genes (vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), prokineticin receptor 2 (PK-R2), stanniocalcin 1 (STC-1) and endothelin 2 (EDN-2) that participate in the angiogenic process during CL formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Li H, Cao W, Chen Z, Acheampong DO, Jin H, Li D, Zhang J, Wang M. The antiangiogenic activity of a soluble fragment of the VEGFR extracellular domain. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 67:599-606. [PMID: 23906761 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of pathological angiogenesis and vascular permeability and overexpressed by most solid tumors. VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2 or kinase-insert domain-containing receptor as it is called in human, KDR) is a specific receptor of VEGF with a high binding affinity. A solube recombinant extracellular domain 1-3 of human VEGFR-2 (rKDR1-3) was expressed in Escherichia coli (E. Coli) and purified from the bacterial periplasmic extracts by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and anion exchange chromatography to inhibit the VEGF-induced angiogenesis. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology was adopted to analyze the affinity and kinetics constant between rKDR1-3 and VEGF165. Under the given experimental conditions, the association rate constant Ka was 1.06×10(5)M(-1) S(-1), the dissociation rate Kd was 6.09×10(-3) S(-1), the dissociation constant KD was 5.74×10(-8)M. The effect of rKDR1-3 on VEGF-induced endothelial cell proliferation was studied using MTT assay, scratch-wound healing assay and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The results showed that rKDR1-3 could inhibit neovascularization and serve as a useful drug candidate in research, diagnostics and therapy of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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Reuter B, Rodemer C, Grudzenski S, Couraud PO, Weksler B, Romero IA, Meairs S, Bugert P, Hennerici MG, Fatar M. Temporal profile of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in a human endothelial cell culture model of cerebral ischemia. Cerebrovasc Dis 2013; 35:514-20. [PMID: 23817219 DOI: 10.1159/000350731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key players in proteolytic blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption during ischemic stroke, leading to vascular edema, hemorrhagic transformation and infiltration by leukocytes. Their effect is dampened by the endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The respective cellular source of specific MMPs and TIMPs during BBB breakdown is still under investigation. METHODS We analyzed the MMP and TIMP release of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) under oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD). Cultured human BMECs (the hCMEC/D3 cell line) were subjected to OGD (6, 12, 18 and 24 h). Gene expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were serially measured by quantitative real time-PCR and compared to ELISA-detected cell culture medium levels. RESULTS OGD induced a significant and long-lasting increase in MMP-2 gene expression, reaching a plateau after 12 h. Medium protein levels of MMP-2 were correspondingly elevated at 12 h of OGD. The MMP-9 synthesis rate was detectable at very low levels and remained unaffected by OGD. TIMP-1 gene expression and secretion declined under OGD, whereas both expression and secretion of TIMP-2 remained stable. Contrary to the respective gene expression rate, medium levels of MMP-2, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 started a simultaneous decline after 12 h of OGD. This is most likely due to an impaired synthesis and enhanced consumption rate under OGD. CONCLUSIONS The objective of our study was to determine the contribution of human BMECs to the MMP metabolism under in vitro OGD conditions simulating ischemic stroke. Our results suggest that human BMECs switch to a proinflammatory state by means of an enhanced production of MMP-2, attenuated release of TIMP-1, and unaffected production of TIMP-2. Thus, human BMECs might participate in the MMP-mediated BBB breakdown during ischemic stroke. However, our data does not support human BMECs to be a source of MMP-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Reuter
- Department of Neurology, UniversitätsMedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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Matrix metalloproteinases: inflammatory regulators of cell behaviors in vascular formation and remodeling. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:928315. [PMID: 23840100 PMCID: PMC3694547 DOI: 10.1155/2013/928315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal angiogenesis and vascular remodeling contribute to pathogenesis of a number of disorders such as tumor, arthritis, atherosclerosis, restenosis, hypertension, and neurodegeneration. During angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, behaviors of stem/progenitor cells, endothelial cells (ECs), and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and its interaction with extracellular matrix (ECM) play a critical role in the processes. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), well-known inflammatory mediators are a family of zinc-dependent proteolytic enzymes that degrade various components of ECM and non-ECM molecules mediating tissue remodeling in both physiological and pathological processes. MMPs including MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, and MT1-MMP, are stimulated and activated by various stimuli in vascular tissues. Once activated, MMPs degrade ECM proteins or other related signal molecules to promote recruitment of stem/progenitor cells and facilitate migration and invasion of ECs and VSMCs. Moreover, vascular cell proliferation and apoptosis can also be regulated by MMPs via proteolytically cleaving and modulating bioactive molecules and relevant signaling pathways. Regarding the importance of vascular cells in abnormal angiogenesis and vascular remodeling, regulation of vascular cell behaviors through modulating expression and activation of MMPs shows therapeutic potential.
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Vadlapatla RK, Vadlapudi AD, Mitra AK. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1): a potential target for intervention in ocular neovascular diseases. Curr Drug Targets 2013; 14:919-35. [PMID: 23701276 DOI: 10.2174/13894501113149990015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Constant oxygen supply is essential for proper tissue development, homeostasis and function of all eukaryotic organisms. Cellular response to reduced oxygen levels is mediated by the transcriptional regulator hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). It is a heterodimeric complex protein consisting of an oxygen dependent subunit (HIF-1α) and a constitutively expressed nuclear subunit (HIF-1β). In normoxic conditions, de novo synthesized cytoplasmic HIF-1α is degraded by 26S proteasome. Under hypoxic conditions, HIF-1α is stabilized, binds with HIF-1β and activates transcription of various target genes. These genes play a key role in regulating angiogenesis, cell survival, proliferation, chemotherapy, radiation resistance, invasion, metastasis, genetic instability, immortalization, immune evasion, metabolism and stem cell maintenance. This review highlights the importance of hypoxia signaling in development and progression of various vision threatening pathologies such as diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. Further, various inhibitors of HIF-1 pathway that may have a viable potential in the treatment of oxygen-dependent ocular diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Krishna Vadlapatla
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108-2718, USA
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Savita U, Karunagaran D. MicroRNA-106b-25 cluster targets β-TRCP2, increases the expression of Snail and enhances cell migration and invasion in H1299 (non small cell lung cancer) cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 434:841-7. [PMID: 23611780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer causes high mortality without a declining trend and non small cell lung cancer represents 85% of all pulmonary carcinomas. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as fine regulators of proliferation, migration, invasion/metastasis and angiogenesis of normal and cancer cells. Using TargetScan6.2, we predicted that the ubiquitin ligase, β-TRCP2, could be a target for two of the constituent miRNAs of the miR-106b-25 cluster (miR-106b and miR-93). We generated a stable clone of miR-106b-25 cluster (CL) or the empty vector (EV) in H1299 (non small cell lung cancer) cells. The expression of β-TRCP2 mRNA was significantly lower in CL than that in EV cells. Transient expression of miR-93 but not antimiR-93 decreased the expression of β-TRCP2 mRNA in H1299 cells. β-TRCP2-3'UTR reporter assay revealed that its activity in CL cells was only 60% of that in EV cells. Snail protein expression was higher in CL than that in EV cells and H1299 cells exhibited an increase in the expression of Snail upon transient transfection with miR-93. miR-106b-25 cluster-induced migration of CL measured by scratch assay was more than that in EV cells and no significant difference in migration was observed between antimiR-93-transfected H1299 cells and the corresponding control-oligo-transfected cells. miR-106b-25 cluster-induced migration of CL cells was again confirmed in a Boyden chamber assay without the matrigel. CL cells were more invasive than EV cells when assessed using Boyden chambers with matrigel but there were no significant changes in the cell viabilities between EV and CL cells. Colony formation assay revealed that the CL cells formed more number of colonies than EV cells but they were smaller in size than those formed by EV cells. The supernatant from CL cells was more effective than that from EV cells in inducing tube formation in endothelial cells. Taken together, our data indicate that miR-106b-25 cluster may play an important role in the metastasis of human non-small cell lung cancer cells by directly suppressing the β-TRCP2 gene expression with a consequent increase in the expression of Snail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udainiya Savita
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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