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Li TC, Lin CC, Liu CS, Lin CH, Yang SY, Li CI. Heritability of carotid intima-media thickness and inflammatory factors of atherosclerosis in a Chinese population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20440. [PMID: 39227703 PMCID: PMC11371917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, has been found to be associated with incident stroke. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen have been demonstrated to be associated with atherosclerosis. Previous studies on heritability estimates of IMT, CRP, and fibrinogen among Chinese populations are limited. This study aims to estimate the heritability of these risk factors in residents who participated in the Taichung Community Health Study (TCHS) and their family members. A total of 2671 study subjects from 805 families were enrolled in the study, selected from a random sample of TCHS participants and their family members. CRP, and fibrinogen were obtained from each participant, and a questionnaire interview was conducted. cIMT was measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound and expressed as the mean of the maximum. Heritability estimates and the familial correlation of cIMT, CRP, and fibrinogen among family pairs were determined with SAGE software. With multivariate adjustments, significant heritability was found for cIMT (h2 = 0.26, P < 0.001), CRP (h2 = 0.34, P < 0.001), and fibrinogen (h2 = 0.48, P < 0.001). The intrafamilial correlation coefficients for the three indexes in the parent-offspring pairs were significant (P < 0.001) and ranged from 0.17 to 0.41. The full sibship correlations were also significant (P < 0.001) for the three indexes and ranged from 0.19 to 0.47. This study indicates that a moderate proportion of the variability in CRP, fibrinogen, and cIMT can be attributed to genetic factors in Chinese populations. The findings suggest that CRP is associated with cIMT, whereas no significant association exists between fibrinogen and cIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Chung Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsueh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Yu Yang
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ing Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Rd., North Dist., Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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Dirjayanto VJ, Pompei G, Rubino F, Biscaglia S, Campo G, Mihailidou AS, den Ruijter H, Kunadian V. Non-invasive vascular measures as prognostic predictors for older patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. Coron Artery Dis 2024; 35:368-381. [PMID: 38436050 DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000001352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse cardiac events are common in older patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS), yet prognostic predictors are still lacking. This study investigated the long-term prognostic significance of non-invasive measures including endothelial function, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and vascular stiffness in older NSTEACS patients referred for invasive treatment. METHODS NSTEACS patients aged 75 years and older recruited to a multicentre cohort study (NCT01933581) were assessed for baseline endothelial function using endoPAT logarithm of reactive hyperemia index (LnRHI), CIMT using B-mode ultrasound, and vascular stiffness using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Long-term outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a composite of death, reinfarction, urgent revascularization, stroke/transient ischemic attack, and significant bleeding. RESULTS Recruitment resulted in 214 patients assessed for LnRHI, 190 patients assessed for CIMT and 245 patients assessed for cfPWV. For LnRHI group (median follow-up 4.73 years [IQR: 1.41-5.00]), Cox regression analysis revealed a trend towards increased risk of MACE (HR: 1.24 [95% CI: 0.80-1.93]; P = 0.328) and mortality (HR: 1.49 [95% CI: 0.86-2.59]; P = 0.157), but no significance was reached. No difference for other components of MACE was found. For CIMT group (median follow up 4.74 years [IQR: 1.55-5.00]), no statistically significant difference in MACE was found (HR: 0.92 [95% CI: 0.53-1.59]; P = 0.754). Similarly, for cfPWV group (median follow-up 4.96 years [IQR: 1.55-5.00]), results did not support prognostic significance (for MACE, HR: 0.95 [95% CI: 0.65-1.39]; P = 0.794). CONCLUSION Endothelial function, CIMT and vascular stiffness were proven unsuitable as strong prognostic predictors in older patients with NSTEACS. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01933581.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie J Dirjayanto
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Jakarta
| | - Graziella Pompei
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, FE
| | - Francesca Rubino
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Biscaglia
- Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, FE
| | - Gianluca Campo
- Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Cona, FE
| | - A S Mihailidou
- Department of Cardiology and Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital and Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hester den Ruijter
- Division Heart and Lungs, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Amsterdam
| | - Vijay Kunadian
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Cardiothoracic Centre, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Nethononda RM, McGurk KA, Whitworth P, Francis J, Mamasoula C, Cordell HJ, Neubauer S, Keavney BD, Mayosi BM, Farrall M, Watkins H. Marked variation in heritability estimates of left ventricular mass depending on modality of measurement. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13556. [PMID: 31537879 PMCID: PMC6753112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49961-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy is a strong risk factor for heart failure and cardiovascular death. ECG measures of LV mass are estimated as heritable in twin and family-based analyses and heritability estimates of LV mass measured by echocardiography are lower. We hypothesised that CMR-derived measurements, being more precise than echocardiographic measurements, would advance our understanding of heritable LV traits. We phenotyped 116 British families (427 individuals) by CMR and ECG, and undertook heritability analyses using variance-components (QTDT) and GWAS SNP-based (GCTA-GREML) methods. ECG-based traits such as LV mass and Sokolow-Lyon duration showed substantial estimates of heritability (60%), whereas CMR-derived LV mass was only modestly heritable (20%). However, the ECG LV mass was positively correlated with the lateral diameter of the chest (rho = 0.67), and adjustment for this attenuated the heritability estimate (42%). Finally, CMR-derived right ventricular mass showed considerable heritability (44%). Heritability estimates of LV phenotypes show substantial variation depending on the modality of measurement, being greater when measured by ECG than CMR. This may reflect the differences between electrophysiological as opposed to anatomical hypertrophy. However, ECG LV hypertrophy traits are likely to be influenced by genetic association with anthropometric measures, inflating their overall measured heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Nethononda
- Division of Cardiology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto and the University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kathryn A McGurk
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Polly Whitworth
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility (CCRF), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jane Francis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Heather J Cordell
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bernard D Keavney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bongani M Mayosi
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Martin Farrall
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Lestariningsih L, Hardisaputro S, Nurani A, Santosa D, Santoso G. High sensitivity C-reactive protein as a predictive of intima-media thickness in patients with end-stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis. Int J Gen Med 2019; 12:219-224. [PMID: 31354332 PMCID: PMC6580118 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s205506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several emerging problems of regular hemodialysis (HD) including cardiovascular complication or atherosclerosis formation caused by chronic inflammation. Intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery can be applied as a marker of atherosclerosis progression. This study was designed to identify the predictive of IMT progression among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) subject. METHODS This cohort study was performed at the Hemodialysis Unit of Dr. Kariadi Hospital and Telogorejo Hospital Semarang between October 2009 and April 2010. The study subjects were the ESRD patients with regular HD. RESULTS This study enrolled 78 subjects with regular HD, follow-up 6 months. The subjects which completed the study were divided into two groups that consist of IMT progressive group (n=53) and IMT non-progressive group (n=12). There were no differences between two groups according to age, gender, history of diabetes, blood pressure, duration of HD, urea, creatinine, blood glucose, HbA1C, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, uric acid, phosphate, calcium, homocysteine, and albumin. Subject with high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) level >0.52 mg/L had an IMT progression. There was a correlation between hsCRP and the thickening of carotid artery wall after 6-month HD (RR=3.6; 95% CI=2.2-22.9). The subject with hsCRP level >9.00 mg/L after 6-month dialysis progress to thickening of carotid artery wall of >0.03 mm. There was a correlation between hsCRP level (cut-off point: 9.0 m/L) and the progression of the carotid artery wall (RR=2.1; 95% CI=1.3-3.37). Statistically, there was no correlation between IL-6-174 G/C gene and eNOS gene polymorphism with IMT progression. CONCLUSION hsCRP is a significant predictive of IMT progression at hemodialysis subject. IL -174 G/C gene and eNOS gene polymorphism are not significant predictive of IMT progression at hemodialysis subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lestariningsih Lestariningsih
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Suharyo Hardisaputro
- Division of Tropic Infection, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Ayudyah Nurani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Damai Santosa
- Division of Hematology Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Gunawan Santoso
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Diponegoro University/Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia
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Abstract
Carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, and therefore, assessing the genetic versus environmental background of CAS traits is of key importance. Carotid intima-media-thickness and plaque characteristics seem to be moderately heritable, with remarkable differences in both heritability and presence or severity of these traits among ethnicities. Although the considerable role of additive genetic effects is obvious, based on the results so far, there is an important emphasis on non-shared environmental factors as well. We aimed to collect and summarize the papers that investigate twin and family studies assessing the phenotypic variance attributable to genetic associations with CAS. Genes in relation to CAS markers were overviewed with a focus on genetic association studies and genome-wide association studies. Although the role of certain genes is confirmed by studies conducted on large populations and meta-analyses, many of them show conflicting results. A great focus should be on future studies elucidating the exact pathomechanism of these genes in CAS in order to imply them as novel therapeutic targets.
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Hernández-Socorro CR, Rodríguez-Esparragón FJ, Celli J, López-Fernández JC. Sonographic evaluation of atherosclerosis burden in carotid arteries of ischemic stroke patients and its relation to paraoxonase 1 and 2, MTHFR and AT1R genetic variants. J Neurol Sci 2017; 378:146-151. [PMID: 28566152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Common variants of the Paraoxonase (PON), 5-Methyl-Tetrahydrofolate-Reductase (MTHFR) and Angiotensin-II receptor 1 (AT1R) genes have been associated with ischemic stroke (IS) risk. Moreover, carotid atherosclerosis is a common cause of IS. The aim of this study is to explore whether variants in these genes associate with the severity of ultrasonographic determined atherosclerosis assessed in carotid arteries. PATIENTS AND METHODS Etiologic subtype of cerebral ischemia was determined according to the TOAST classification. Genotypes were detected by PCR and restriction analysis. An ultrasonographic supra-aortic trunks study was performed to all patients to assess their atherosclerotic involvement based on predefined criteria. RESULTS In IS patients, none of the analyzed gene distributions differed concerning the stenosis degree. Nevertheless, a trend was observed for the rs662 and rs7493 variants of the PON1 and PON2 genes respectively. When evaluated the results based on different inheritance models, a significant contribution of rs7493 variant according to a dominant (OR=2.397, 95% CI (1.001-5.376); p=0.045) and log-additive inheritance forms (OR=1.85, 95% CI (1.07-3.2); p=0.03) was observed. Only rs7493 reached statistical significance (p=0.013), when genotype distribution was analyzed according to carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and remain significant in multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR=2.66, 95% CI (1.1 to 6.4); p=0.03). CONCLUSION In IS patients of the north area of the Gran Canaria island the PON2 (rs7493) gene variant associates with a worse ultrasonographic profile. Conversely, the Cys311Cys homozygosis of the rs7493 variant was also related to a better ultrasonographic profile in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rosa Hernández-Socorro
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín (HUGCDN), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Unidad de Investigación, HUGCDN, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Esparragón
- Unidad de Investigación, HUGCDN, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jennifer Celli
- Servicio de Radiología, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín (HUGCDN), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Unidad de Investigación, HUGCDN, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos López-Fernández
- Unidad de Investigación, HUGCDN, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Servicio de Neurología, HUGCDN, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain
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Modifying effect of a common polymorphism in the interleukin-6 promoter on the relationship between long-term exposure to traffic-related particulate matter and heart rate variability. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104978. [PMID: 25133672 PMCID: PMC4136824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with an increase in many inflammatory markers, including interleukin 6 (IL6). Air pollution exposure has also been suggested to induce an imbalance in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), such as a decrease in heart rate variability (HRV). In this study we aimed to investigate the modifying effect of polymorphisms in a major proinflammatory marker gene, interleukin 6 (IL6), on the relationship between long-term exposure to traffic-related PM10 (TPM10) and HRV. Methods For this cross-sectional study we analysed 1552 participants of the SAPALDIA cohort aged 50 years and older. Included were persons with valid genotype data, who underwent ambulatory 24-hr electrocardiogram monitoring, and reported on medical history and lifestyle. Main effects of annual average TPM10 and IL6 gene variants (rs1800795; rs2069827; rs2069840; rs10242595) on HRV indices and their interaction with average annual exposure to TPM10 were tested, applying a multivariable mixed linear model. Results No overall association of TPM10 on HRV was found. Carriers of two proinflammatory G-alleles of the functional IL6 -174 G/C (rs1800795) polymorphism exhibited lower HRV. An inverse association between a 1 µg/m3 increment in yearly averaged TPM10 and HRV was restricted to GG genotypes at this locus with a standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) (GG-carriers: −1.8%; 95% confidence interval −3.5 to 0.01; pinteraction(additive) = 0.028); and low frequency power (LF) (GG-carriers: −5.7%; 95%CI: −10.4 to −0.8; pinteraction(dominant) = 0.049). Conclusions Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that traffic-related air pollution decreases heart rate variability through inflammatory mechanisms.
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Chumaeva N, Hintsanen M, Pulkki-Råback L, Jokela M, Juonala M, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari OT, Keltikangas-Järvinen L. Interleukin-6 gene polymorphism, chronic stress and atherosclerosis: interleukin-6-174G>C polymorphism, chronic stress and risk of early atherosclerosis in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. J Psychosom Res 2014; 76:333-8. [PMID: 24630186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-6 protein has been suggested as a mediator connecting chronic stress and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated whether the functional G174C polymorphism (rs1800795) of interleukin-6 gene is associated with vital exhaustion, a measure of chronic stress, or with preclinical atherosclerosis. METHODS Associations between the interleukin-6-174G>C polymorphism, preclinical atherosclerosis, and vital exhaustion were examined in 1673 women and men aged 24-39years participating in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study. Vital exhaustion was measured using Maastricht Questionnaire. Preclinical atherosclerosis was assessed by carotid intima-media thickness using ultrasound techniques. DNA was genotyped for the interleukin-6-174G>C polymorphism (rs1800795). RESULTS The GG genotype of the interleukin-6-174G>C polymorphism was associated with higher vital exhaustion. Moreover, higher vital exhaustion was associated with greater intima-media thickness in men carrying G alleles, adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSION Our findings support a role for the interleukin-6-174G>C polymorphism in increased risk of atherosclerosis in individuals with chronic stress. In addition, individuals carrying the G allele of the interleukin-6-174G>C polymorphism may be more prone to adverse effects of psychosocial stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Chumaeva
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mirka Hintsanen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Laura Pulkki-Råback
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Jokela
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Juonala
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Wang L, Rundek T, Beecham A, Hudson B, Blanton SH, Zhao H, Sacco RL, Dong C. Genome-wide interaction study identifies RCBTB1 as a modifier for smoking effect on carotid intima-media thickness. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 34:219-25. [PMID: 24202307 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), a marker for atherosclerosis, is affected by smoking and has substantial interindividual variation. We sought to identify the genetic moderators influencing the effect of smoking on cIMT. APPROACH AND RESULTS With a multistage design using 722 379 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), a genome-wide interaction study was performed in a discovery sample of 669 Hispanics, followed by replication in 589 subjects (264 Hispanics, 172 non-Hispanic blacks, 153 non-Hispanic whites). Assuming an additive genetic model, regression analysis was performed to test for smoking-SNP interaction on cIMT while controlling for age, sex, and the top 3 principal components of ancestry. The strongest interaction in Hispanics was found with a synonymous splicing SNP (rs3751383) in exon 9 of RCBTB1 (P=2.5e(-6) in discovery sample; P=0.01 in the Hispanic replication sample; P<8.8e(-9) in the combined Hispanic sample). Stratification analysis in the combined Hispanic sample showed that smoking had no effect on cIMT among rs3751383 G homozygote (P=0.15), a moderate effect among rs3751383 heterozygote (P=0.01), and a strong effect among rs3751383 A homozygote (P=2.1e(-7)). A consistent trend was observed in the non-Hispanic white and black data sets, leading to an interaction effect of P<2.9e(-9) in the meta-analysis of all 1258 subjects. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents the first genome-wide smoking-SNP interaction study of cIMT and identifies RCBTB1 as a modifier of the smoking effect on cIMT. Testing for gene-environment interactions can help uncover genetic factors that contribute to the interindividual variation in response to the same environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyong Wang
- From the John T. McDonald Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics (L.W., A.B., S.H.B., R.L.S.), Department of Neurology (T.R., S.H.B., R.L.S., C.D.), Department of Public Health Sciences (T.R., R.L.S.), and Department of Medicine (B.H.), Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL; and Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT (H.Z.)
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Zheng S, Su A, Sun H, You C. The association between interleukin-6 gene polymorphisms and intracranial aneurysms: a meta-analysis. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1679-83. [PMID: 23993981 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.08.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important proinflammatory cytokine, and some studies have demonstrated that IL-6 promoter polymorphisms (-174G/C and -572G/C) may be associated with intracranial aneurysms. A meta-analysis based on the evidence currently available from the literature was conducted to make a more precise estimation of this relationship. METHODS Electronic databases (the National Library of Medline and Embase databases) were searched before June 2013. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated in fixed- or random-effects models when appropriate. Subgroup analyses were performed by race. This meta-analysis included six case-control studies, which included 1188 intracranial aneurysms cases and 4099 controls. RESULTS The combined results based on all studies showed that intracranial aneurysms cases had a significantly lower frequency of -572CC [OR (Recessive model) = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.36, 0.60, P < 0.001; OR (Codominant model) = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.20, 0.44, P < 0.001], -572GC [OR (Codominant model) = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.55, 0.98, P = 0.04] and -174CC [OR (Recessive model) = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54, 0.98, P = 0.03; OR (Codominant model) = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.51, 0.97, P = 0.03] genotype. In the subgroup analysis by race, we found that (1) intracranial aneurysms cases had a significantly lower frequency of -572CC [OR (Recessive model) = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.32, 0.53, P < 0.001; OR (Codominant model) = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.29, P < 0.001] and -572GC [OR (Codominant model) = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.42, 0.88, P = 0.009] genotype in Asians; (2) intracranial aneurysms cases had a significantly higher frequency of -572CC [OR (Recessive model) = 4.41, 95% CI = 1.35, 14.36, P = 0.01; OR (Codominant model) = 4.41, 95% CI = 1.35, 14.38, P = 0.01] genotype and lower frequency of -174CC [OR (Recessive model) = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54, 0.98, P = 0.03; OR (Codominant model) = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.51, 0.97, P = 0.03] genotype in Caucasians. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis suggested that IL-6 promoter polymorphisms (-174G/C and -572G/C) were associated with intracranial aneurysms. However, due to the small subjects included in analysis and the selection bias in some studies, the results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songping Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Harper AR, Mayosi BM, Rodriguez A, Rahman T, Hall D, Mamasoula C, Avery PJ, Keavney BD. Common variation neighbouring micro-RNA 22 is associated with increased left ventricular mass. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55061. [PMID: 23372812 PMCID: PMC3555935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Previous genome-wide linkage analysis has suggested that chromosomal region 17p13.3 may harbour genes influencing left ventricular mass (LVM) in man. To date, the genetic factors accounting for LVM variability remain largely unknown but a non-coding RNA gene within this region, micro-RNA 22 (miR-22), has been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure in animal models. We thus investigated the relationship between common genetic polymorphisms surrounding miR-22 and left ventricular mass in a family-based association study. Methods and Results We studied a cohort of 255 families comprising 1,425 individuals ascertained via a hypertensive proband. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms which together tagged common genetic variation surrounding the miR-22 gene were genotyped. There was evidence of association between the rs7223247 polymorphism, which lies within the 3′UTR of a gene of unknown function, TLCD2, immediately downstream from miR-22, and left ventricular mass determined by Sokolow-Lyon voltage (Bonferroni corrected p-value = 0.038). The T allele at rs7223247 was associated with an 0.272 standard deviation higher Sokolow-Lyon voltage. Genotype was responsible for ∼1% of the population variability in LVM. Conclusions Genotype at the rs7223247 polymorphism affects left ventricular mass determined by Sokolow-Lyon voltage. The neighbouring genes miR-22 and TLCD2 are strong candidates to account for this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Harper
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Bongani M. Mayosi
- Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Antony Rodriguez
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Thahira Rahman
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Darroch Hall
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter J. Avery
- School of Mathematics & Statistics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard D. Keavney
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Wang L, Beecham A, Zhuo D, Dong C, Blanton SH, Rundek T, Sacco RL. Fine mapping study reveals novel candidate genes for carotid intima-media thickness in Dominican Republican families. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 5:234-41. [PMID: 22423143 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.111.961763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a subclinical measure for atherosclerosis. Previously, we have mapped quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for CIMT to chromosomes 7p (maximum logarithm of odds=3.1) and to 14q (maximum logarithm of odds=2.3). We sought to identify the underlying genetic variants within those QTLs. METHODS AND RESULTS Using the 100 extended Dominican Republican (DR) families (N=1312) used in the original linkage study, we fine mapped the QTLs with 2031 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Promising SNPs in the family data set were examined in an independent population-based subcohort comprised of DR individuals (N=553) from the Northern Manhattan Study. Among the families, evidence for association (P<0.001) was found in multiple genes (ANLN, AOAH, FOXN3, CCDC88C, PRiMA1, and an intergenic SNP rs1667498), with the strongest association at PRiMA1 (P=0.00007, corrected P=0.047). Additional analyses revealed that the association at these loci, except PRiMA1, was highly significant (P=0.00004≈0.00092) in families with evidence for linkage, but not in the rest of families (P=0.13≈0.80) and the population-based cohort, suggesting the genetic effects at these SNPs are limited to a subgroup of families. In contrast, the association at PRiMA1 was significant in both families with and without evidence for linkage (P=0.002 and 0.019, respectively) and the population-based subcohort (P=0.047), supporting a robust association. CONCLUSIONS We identified several candidate genes for CIMT in DR families. Some of the genes manifest genetic effects within a specific subgroup and others were generalized to all groups. Future studies are needed to further evaluate the contribution of these genes to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyong Wang
- John T. McDonald Department of Human Genetics, John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Department of Neurology, Epidemiology and Public Health, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th St., Miami, FL 33136, USA
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13
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Rahman TJ, Walker EA, Mayosi BM, Hall DH, Avery PJ, Connell JMC, Watkins H, Stewart PM, Keavney B. Genotype at the P554L variant of the hexose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase gene is associated with carotid intima-medial thickness. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23248. [PMID: 21858044 PMCID: PMC3155541 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The combined thickness of the intima and media of the carotid artery (carotid intima-medial thickness, CIMT) is associated with cardiovascular disease and stroke. Previous studies indicate that carotid intima-medial thickness is a significantly heritable phenotype, but the responsible genes are largely unknown. Hexose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH) is a microsomal enzyme whose activity regulates corticosteroid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue; variability in measures of corticosteroid metabolism within the normal range have been associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease. We performed a genetic association study in 854 members of 224 families to assess the relationship between polymorphisms in the gene coding for hexose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PD) and carotid intima-medial thickness. METHODS Families were ascertained via a hypertensive proband. CIMT was measured using B-mode ultrasound. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) tagging common variation in the H6PD gene were genotyped. Association was assessed following adjustment for significant covariates including "classical" cardiovascular risk factors. Functional studies to determine the effect of particular SNPs on H6PDH were performed. RESULTS There was evidence of association between the single nucleotide polymorphism rs17368528 in exon five of the H6PD gene, which encodes an amino-acid change from proline to leucine in the H6PDH protein, and mean carotid intima-medial thickness (p = 0.00065). Genotype was associated with a 5% (or 0.04 mm) higher mean carotid intima-medial thickness measurement per allele, and determined 2% of the population variability in the phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a novel role for the H6PD gene in atherosclerosis susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thahira J. Rahman
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. Walker
- Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bongani M. Mayosi
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Darroch H. Hall
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Avery
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hugh Watkins
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M. Stewart
- Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard Keavney
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Liao YC, Wang YS, Guo YC, Ozaki K, Tanaka T, Lin HF, Chang MH, Chen KC, Yu ML, Sheu SH, Juo SHH. BRAP Activates Inflammatory Cascades and Increases the Risk for Carotid Atherosclerosis. Mol Med 2011; 17:1065-74. [PMID: 21670849 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2011.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The BRCA-1 associated protein gene (BRAP) was recently identified as a susceptibility gene for myocardial infarction (MI). In the present study we aimed to decipher the association between the BRAP polymorphism and carotid atherosclerosis and the mechanism underlying its proatherogenic effect. A total of 1749 stroke/MI-free volunteers received carotid ultrasonic examinations for the measurement of intima-medial thickness (IMT) and plaque. The promoter polymorphism rs11066001 was selected because it affects the transcription of BRAP. We found that the GG genotype was associated with a 1.58-fold increased risk for having at least one plaque compared to carrying the A allele (P = 0.021). When subjects were divided by the cutoff value of IMT above the mean plus 1 standard deviation, there was an overrepresentation of the GG genotype in the subjects with thicker IMT (P = 0.004). The expression of BRAP increased significantly when human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). HASMCs were transfected with small interfering RNA against BRAP or scrambled sequences before treatment with LPS. Knockdown of BRAP led to attenuated HASMC proliferation and reduced secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in response to LPS. Downregulation of BRAP did not affect the protein levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), but prohibited its nuclear translocation. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments confirmed an interaction between BRAP and the two major components of the IKK signalosome, IκBβ and IKKβ. Collectively, BRAP conferred a risk for carotid plaque and IMT. Inflammatory stimuli upregulated BRAP expression, and BRAP activated inflammatory cascades by regulating NF-κB nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chu Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Section of Neurology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Hackett TL, Stefanowicz D, Aminuddin F, Sin DD, Connett JE, Anthonisen NR, Paré PD, Sandford AJ. Effect of gene environment interactions on lung function and cardiovascular disease in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2011; 6:277-87. [PMID: 21814463 PMCID: PMC3144847 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s18279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to determine if gene-environment interactions between cigarette smoking and interleukin-6 (IL6), interferon-γ (IFNG), interleukin-1β (IL1B), or interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with lung function decline and cardiovascular disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL6, IFNG, IL1B, and IL1RN were genotyped in the Lung Health Study and correlated with rate of decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) over 5 years, baseline FEV1, serum protein levels, cardiovascular disease, and interactions with smoking. Results: The IL6 rs2069825 single nucleotide polymorphism was associated with the rate of decline of prebronchodilator FEV1 (P = 0.049), and was found to have a significant interaction (P = 0.004) with mean number of cigarettes smoked per day. There was also a significant interaction of IFNG rs2069727 with smoking on prebronchodilator (P = 0.008) and postbronchodilator (P =0.01) FEV1. The IL6 polymorphism was also associated with cardiovascular disease in heterozygous individuals (P = 0.044), and was found to have a significant interaction with smoking (P = 0.024). None of the genetic variants were associated with their respective serum protein levels. Conclusion: The results suggest interactions of IL6 rs2069825 and IFNG rs2069727 single nucleotide polymorphisms with cigarette smoking on measures of lung function. The IL6 rs2069825 single nucleotide polymorphism also interacted with smoking to affect the risk of cardiovascular disease in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tillie-Louise Hackett
- University of British Columbia, James Hogg Research Laboratories, St Paul's Hospital, Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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16
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Common variation in the adiponectin gene has an effect on systolic blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 2011; 25:719-24. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2010.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Kiechl S, Laxton RC, Xiao Q, Hernesniemi JA, Raitakari OT, Kähönen M, Mayosi BM, Jula A, Moilanen L, Willeit J, Watkins H, Samani NJ, Lehtimäki TJ, Keavney B, Xu Q, Ye S. Coronary artery disease-related genetic variant on chromosome 10q11 is associated with carotid intima-media thickness and atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:2678-83. [PMID: 20847302 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.213785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether chromosome 10q11.21 influences common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and atherosclerosis and whether it is associated with stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) plasma levels. METHODS AND RESULTS Variation on chromosome 10q11.21 has been consistently associated with coronary artery disease. The genetic variant lies upstream of the gene encoding SDF-1α. We genotyped 3 population cohorts (Bruneck [age range, 45 to 94 years; 50.0% men; n=738], Health2000 [age range, 46 to 76 years; 55.4% men; n=1237], and essential hypertension in families collected in the region of Oxford [HTO] [age range, 19 to 88 years; 47.9% men; n=770]) for single-nucleotide polymorphism rs501120 at the 10q11.21 locus and conducted a meta-analysis in these cohorts to ascertain a relationship between the polymorphism and carotid IMT. The analysis showed that individuals with the T/T genotype had a significantly higher carotid IMT than individuals with the C/T or C/C genotype (pooled weighted mean difference, 23 μm [95% CI, 9 to 37 μm], P=0.0014 under a fixed-effects model; and 23 μm [95% CI, 6 to 41 μm], P=0.009 under a random-effects model). In the Bruneck cohort, in which data for carotid atherosclerosis and plasma SDF-1α levels were available, we observed an association of the T/T genotype with a higher burden of atherosclerosis and increased susceptibility to the development of atherosclerosis during a 5-year follow-up (multivariable odds ratio, 1.73 [95% CI, 1.18 to 2.52]; P=0.005 for the recessive model) and an association between the T/T genotype and lower SDF-1α levels (2.62 ng/mL for T/T versus 2.74 ng/mL for C/C or C/T; P=0.023). CONCLUSIONS The coronary heart disease-related variant at the 10q11.21 locus is associated with carotid IMT and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Marini F, Brandi ML. Genetic determinants of osteoporosis: common bases to cardiovascular diseases? Int J Hypertens 2010; 2010:394579. [PMID: 20948561 PMCID: PMC2949079 DOI: 10.4061/2010/394579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common and serious age-related skeletal disorder, characterized by a low bone mass and bone microarchitectural deterioration, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to spontaneous fractures, and it represents a major worldwide health care problem with important implications for health care costs, morbidity and mortality. Today is well accepted that osteoporosis is a multifactorial disorder caused by the interaction between environment and genes that singularly exert modest effects on bone mass and other aspects of bone strength and fracture risk. The individuation of genetic factors responsible for osteoporosis predisposition and development is fundamental for the disease prevention and for the setting of novel therapies, before fracture occurrence. In the last decades the interest of the Scientific Community has been concentrated in the understanding the genetic bases of this disease but with controversial and/or inconclusive results. This review tries to summarize data on the most representative osteoporosis candidate genes. Moreover, since recently osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases have shown to share common physiopathological mechanisms, this review also provides information on the current understanding of osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases common genetic bases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Marini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Erdogan M, Karadeniz M, Berdeli A, Tamsel S, Yilmaz C. The relationship of the interleukin-6 -174 G>C gene polymorphism with cardiovascular risk factors in Turkish polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Int J Immunogenet 2010; 36:283-8. [PMID: 19744034 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00867.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the relationship between 174 promoter region of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) C/G gene polymorphism and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), fibrinogen and carotis intima-media thickness (CIMT), body mass index, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) insulin resistance index, serum lipid parameters, in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients carrying a potential risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). We studied 88 PCOS patients and 119 healthy controls. PCOS was defined by the Rotterdam PCOS consensus criteria. The genotype IL-6 distribution did differ between the control group (CC 10.1%, GC 63.0%, GG 29.6%) and the PCOS patients (CC 5.7%, GC 29.5%, GG 64.8%) (P < 0.001). The frequency of the polymorphic G allele was also no similar for the group with PCOS as for the control group with 79.5% and 58.4% respectively (P < 0.001). Both in PCOS patients and in control group, no statistically significant difference was determined between C/C, G/C and G/G, and blood cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, high-density lipoprotein levels, low density lipoprotein levels, fasting blood sugar levels, insulin levels, HOMA values, CIMT measurements either on the right or left side, hs-CRP, f-testosterone, fibrinogen and 17 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone levels (P > 0.05). Gene polymorphism of IL-6 -174 G>C is a risk factor for PCOS in Turkish patients, but we found no relationship between the cardiovascular risk factors and IL-6 -174 G>C gene polymorphism in women with PCOS and healthy subjects. Our negative results in risk factors of CVD can probably be explained by the fact that metabolic parameters and endothelial systems of patients may not yet be affected in this short time of period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Erdogan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Disease, Ege University Medical School, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
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20
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Riikola A, Sipilä K, Kähönen M, Jula A, Nieminen MS, Moilanen L, Kesäniemi YA, Lehtimäki T, Hulkkonen J. Interleukin-6 promoter polymorphism and cardiovascular risk factors: The Health 2000 Survey. Atherosclerosis 2009; 207:466-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shaboodien G, Engel ME, Syed FF, Poulton J, Badri M, Mayosi BM. The mitochondrial DNA T16189C polymorphism and HIV-associated cardiomyopathy: a genotype-phenotype association study. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2009; 10:37. [PMID: 19397801 PMCID: PMC2679724 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-10-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) T16189C polymorphism, with a homopolymeric C-tract of 10–12 cytosines, is a putative genetic risk factor for idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy in the African and British populations. We hypothesized that this variant may predispose to dilated cardiomyopathy in people who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods A case-control study of 30 HIV-positive cases with dilated cardiomyopathy and 37 HIV-positive controls without dilated cardiomyopathy was conducted. The study was confined to persons of black African ancestry to minimize confounding of results by population admixture. HIV-positive patients with an echocardiographically confirmed diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy and HIV-positive controls with echocardiographically normal hearts were studied. Patients with secondary causes of cardiomyopathy (such as hypertension, diabetes, pregnancy, alcoholism, valvular heart disease, and opportunistic infection) were excluded from the study. DNA samples were sequenced for the mtDNA T16189C polymorphism with a homopolymeric C-tract in the forward and reverse directions on an ABI3100 sequencer. Results The cases and controls were well matched for age (median 35 years versus 34 years, P = 0.93), gender (males 60% vs 53%, P = 0.54), and stage of HIV disease (mean CD4 T cell count 260.7/μL vs. 176/μL, P = 0.21). The mtDNA T16189C variant with a homopolymeric C-tract was detected at a frequency of 26.7% (8/30) in the HIV-associated cardiomyopathy cases and 13.5% (5/37) in the HIV-positive controls. There was no significant difference between cases and controls (Odds Ratio 2.33, 95% Confidence Interval 0.67–8.06, p = 0.11). Conclusion The mtDNA T16189C variant with a homopolymeric C-tract is not associated with dilated cardiomyopathy in black African people infected with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gasnat Shaboodien
- Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, The West Wing, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
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22
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Corella D, González JI, Bulló M, Carrasco P, Portolés O, Díez-Espino J, Covas MI, Ruíz-Gutierrez V, Gómez-Gracia E, Arós F, Fiol M, Herrera MC, Santos JM, Sáez G, Lamuela R, Lahoz C, Vinyoles E, Ros E, Estruch R. Polymorphisms cyclooxygenase-2 -765G>C and interleukin-6 -174G>C are associated with serum inflammation markers in a high cardiovascular risk population and do not modify the response to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with virgin olive oil or nuts. J Nutr 2009; 139:128-34. [PMID: 19056642 DOI: 10.3945/jn.108.093054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is involved in cardiovascular diseases. Some studies have found that the Mediterranean diet (MD) can reduce serum concentrations of inflammation markers. However, none of these studies have analyzed the influence of genetic variability in such a response. Our objective was to study the effect of the -765G>C polymorphism in the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene and the -174G>C polymorphism in the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene on serum concentrations of IL-6, C-reactive protein, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 as well as their influence on the response to a nutritional intervention with MD. An intervention study in a high cardiovascular risk Mediterranean population (314 men and 407 women) was undertaken. Participants were randomly assigned to consume a low-fat control diet or a MD supplemented with virgin olive oil or nuts. Measures were obtained at baseline and after a 3-mo intervention period. At baseline, the COX-2 -765G>C polymorphism was associated with lower serum IL-6 (5.85 +/- 4.82 in GG vs. 4.74 +/- 4.14 ng/L in C-allele carriers; P = 0.002) and ICAM-1 (265.8 +/- 114.8 in GG vs. 243.0 +/- 107.1 microg/L in C-carriers; P = 0.018) concentrations. These differences remained significant after multivariate adjustment. The IL-6 -174G>C polymorphism was associated with higher (CC vs. G-carriers) serum ICAM-1 concentrations in both men and women and with higher serum IL-6 concentrations in men. Following the dietary intervention, no significant gene x diet interactions were found. In conclusion, although COX-2 -765G>C and IL-6 -174G>C polymorphisms were associated with inflammation, consuming a MD (either supplemented with virgin olive oil or nuts) reduced the concentration of inflammation markers regardless of these polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Rampersaud E, Bielak LF, Parsa A, Shen H, Post W, Ryan KA, Donnelly P, Rumberger JA, Sheedy PF, Peyser PA, Shuldiner AR, Mitchell BD. The association of coronary artery calcification and carotid artery intima-media thickness with distinct, traditional coronary artery disease risk factors in asymptomatic adults. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 168:1016-23. [PMID: 18805900 PMCID: PMC2720772 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwn211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 06/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) are measures of subclinical vascular disease. This 2000-2006 study aimed to characterize the associations among coronary artery disease risk factors, CAC quantity, and CIMT and to estimate shared genetic and environmental contributions to both CAC and CIMT among 478 asymptomatic Amish adults in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Heritability for CAC quantity and CIMT, adjusted for age and sex, was 0.42 (P = 0.0001) and 0.29 (P = 0.003), respectively. CAC quantity and CIMT were modestly correlated (adjusted r = 0.14, P = 0.003) but showed little evidence of shared genetic or environmental factors. However, significant genetic correlations were found for CAC quantity and total cholesterol (0.44 (standard error, 0.19); P = 0.03), for CAC quantity and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.55 (standard error, 0.17); P = 0.005), and for CIMT and waist circumference (0.58 (standard error, 0.25); P = 0.046), suggesting shared genes for these risk factors and measures of subclinical disease. Results suggest that some of the same genes influence variation in CAC and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas a different set of genes influences variation in CIMT and waist circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evadnie Rampersaud
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
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Cunnington MS, Mayosi BM, Hall DH, Avery PJ, Farrall M, Vickers MA, Watkins H, Keavney B. Novel genetic variants linked to coronary artery disease by genome-wide association are not associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness or intermediate risk phenotypes. Atherosclerosis 2008; 203:41-4. [PMID: 18675980 PMCID: PMC2654912 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Revised: 06/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background It is uncertain whether the novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have recently been associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) in genome-wide studies also influence carotid atheroma and stroke risk. The mechanisms of their association with CAD are unknown; relationships to other cardiovascular phenotypes may give mechanistic clues. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a subclinical marker of atherosclerosis associated with stroke. We investigated association of reported CAD risk variants with CIMT, and with other intermediate phenotypes that may implicate causative pathways. Methods We studied 1425 members of 248 British Caucasian families ascertained through a hypertensive proband. We genotyped CAD risk SNPs on chromosomes 9 (rs1333049, rs7044859, rs496892, rs7865618), 6 (rs6922269) and 2 (rs2943634) using TaqMan. Merlin software was used for family-based association testing. Results No significant association was found between genotype at any SNP and CIMT in 846 individuals with acceptable measurements. Nor were SNPs significantly associated with blood pressure, obesity, cholesterol, CRP, interleukin-6, TNF-α, or leptin. Conclusions These novel CAD variants are not associated with CIMT and do not appear to mediate the risk of atherothrombosis through known risk factors.
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Genome-wide linkage analysis of pulse pressure in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Am J Hypertens 2008; 21:194-9. [PMID: 18188160 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2007.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulse pressure, a measure of central arterial stiffness and a predictor of cardiovascular mortality, has known genetic components. METHODS To localize the genetic effects of pulse pressure, we conducted a genome-wide linkage analysis of 1,892 American-Indian participants of the Strong Heart Family Study (SHFS). Blood pressure was measured three times and the average of the last two measures was used for analyses. Pulse pressure, the difference between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), was log-transformed and adjusted for the effects of age and sex within each study center. Variance component linkage analyses were performed using marker allele frequencies derived from all individuals and multipoint identity-by-descent matrices calculated in Loki. RESULTS We identified a quantitative-trait locus influencing pulse pressure on chromosome 7 at 37 cM (marker D7S493, LOD = 3.3) and suggestive evidence of linkage on chromosome 19 at 92 cM (marker D19S888, LOD = 1.8). CONCLUSIONS The signal on 7p15.3 overlaps positive findings for pulse pressure among Utah population samples, suggesting that this region may harbor gene variants for blood pressure related traits.
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Walston JD, Fallin MD, Cushman M, Lange L, Psaty B, Jenny N, Browner W, Tracy R, Durda P, Reiner A. IL-6 gene variation is associated with IL-6 and C-reactive protein levels but not cardiovascular outcomes in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Hum Genet 2007; 122:485-94. [PMID: 17851695 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-007-0428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2007] [Accepted: 09/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels increase with age and likely play a role in adverse health outcomes in older adults. The relationship between IL-6 gene tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and circulating IL-6 and CRP levels, cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, and mortality in Caucasian (CA) and African American (AA) participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) was evaluated using ANCOVA and Cox proportional hazards models. The minor allele of the promoter SNP 1510 and intronic SNP 3572 associates with significantly higher serum IL-6 and CRP levels in CA but not AA. The CRP association persisted after CA and AA populations were combined and after accounting for multiple comparisons. These associations did not carry through to cardiovascular disease outcomes. Decreased risk of stroke was identified in CA, with the minor allele of SNP 1111 (HRR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52, 0.95), P = 0.02, and increased risk of CVD and all-cause mortality (HRR 1.31, 95% CI 1.05-1.64) in AAs heterozygote for SNP 2989. While genetic variation in the IL-6 gene was associated with circulating IL-6 and especially with CRP concentrations in this study, there is little evidence for association between common IL-6 gene variation and adverse health outcomes in this population of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Walston
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Johns Hopkins University, John R Burton Pavilion, 5505 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Zhao J, Cheema FA, Bremner JD, Goldberg J, Su S, Snieder H, Maisano C, Jones L, Javed F, Murrah N, Le NA, Vaccarino V. Heritability of carotid intima-media thickness: a twin study. Atherosclerosis 2007; 197:814-20. [PMID: 17825306 PMCID: PMC2387097 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2007] [Revised: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the heritability of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis, independent of traditional coronary risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a classical twin study of carotid IMT using 98 middle-aged male twin pairs, 58 monozygotic (MZ) and 40 dizygotic (DZ) pairs, from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. All twins were free of overt cardiovascular disease. Carotid IMT was measured by ultrasound. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the association between traditional cardiovascular risk factors and carotid IMT. Intraclass correlation coefficients and genetic modeling techniques were used to determine the relative contributions of genes and environment to the variation in carotid IMT. In our sample, the mean of the maximum carotid IMT was 0.75+/-0.11. Age, systolic blood pressure and HDL were significantly associated with carotid IMT. The intraclass correlation coefficient for carotid IMT was larger in MZ (0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62-0.69) than in DZ twins (0.37; 95% CI, 0.29-0.44), and the unadjusted heritability was 0.69 (95% CI, 0.54-0.79). After adjusting for traditional coronary risk factors, the heritability of carotid IMT was slightly reduced but still of considerable magnitude (0.59; 95% CI, 0.39-0.73). CONCLUSION Genetic factors have a substantial influence on the variation of carotid IMT. Most of this genetic effect occurs through pathways independent of traditional coronary risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Faiz A. Cheema
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - J. Douglas Bremner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Shaoyong Su
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Harold Snieder
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
- Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, St Thomas’ Campus, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Carisa Maisano
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Linda Jones
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Farhan Javed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Nancy Murrah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ngoc-Anh Le
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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Hall DH, Rahman T, Avery PJ, Keavney B. INSIG-2 promoter polymorphism and obesity related phenotypes: association study in 1428 members of 248 families. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2006; 7:83. [PMID: 17137505 PMCID: PMC1698479 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-7-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2006] [Accepted: 11/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is a major public health problem. Body mass index (BMI) is a highly heritable phenotype but robust associations of genetic polymorphisms to BMI or other obesity-related phenotypes have been difficult to establish. Recently a large genetic association study showed evidence for association of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7566605, which lies 10 Kb 5' to the first exon of the insulin-induced gene 2 (INSIG-2), with obesity in several cohorts. We tested this polymorphism for association with body mass related phenotypes in a large family study whose mean BMI was consistent with moderate overweight. Methods We studied 1428 members of 248 British Caucasian families who had been ascertained through a proband with hypertension. We measured BMI, waist and hip circumference, and plasma levels of leptin. We genotyped the rs7566605 SNP using a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay, and carried out a family-based association test for quantitative traits related to obesity using the statistical programs MERLIN and QTDT. Results We observed no significant association between genotype at rs7566605 and covariate-adjusted (for age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking and exercise habit) log-transformed BMI, waist measurement, hip measurement, waist-to-hip ratio, or plasma levels of leptin. Conclusion There was no association between genotype at rs7566605 and obesity-related phenotypes in this British Caucasian population. These families were in general moderately overweight, few members being severely obese. Our result indicates that this polymorphism has little if any effect on BMI within the normal to moderately overweight range. The effects of this polymorphism on body mass may be restricted to those already predisposed to at least moderate obesity as a result of environmental factors and other predisposing genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darroch H Hall
- Institute of Human Genetics (DH, TR, BK), and School of Mathematics and Statistics (PJA), Newcastle University, UK
| | - Thahira Rahman
- Institute of Human Genetics (DH, TR, BK), and School of Mathematics and Statistics (PJA), Newcastle University, UK
| | - Peter J Avery
- Institute of Human Genetics (DH, TR, BK), and School of Mathematics and Statistics (PJA), Newcastle University, UK
| | - Bernard Keavney
- Institute of Human Genetics (DH, TR, BK), and School of Mathematics and Statistics (PJA), Newcastle University, UK
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Carlson CS, Heagerty PJ, Nord AS, Pritchard DK, Ranchalis J, Boguch JM, Duan H, Hatsukami TS, Schwartz SM, Rieder MJ, Nickerson DA, Jarvik GP. TagSNP evaluation for the association of 42 inflammation loci and vascular disease: evidence of IL6, FGB, ALOX5, NFKBIA, and IL4R loci effects. Hum Genet 2006; 121:65-75. [PMID: 17115186 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-006-0289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Accepted: 10/24/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory markers have consistently been associated with vascular disease. Evidence of genetic polymorphisms in inflammatory loci that predict severe carotid artery disease (CAAD) would suggest that this relationship is not secondary to other correlated factors, but related to inflammation itself. We examined the full common genetic variation in 42 inflammatory loci for prediction of severe CAAD versus ultrasound proven controls using a tagSNP approach. For selected loci, monocyte RNA levels were contrasted in subjects with and without CAAD. We confirm the association of IL6(-174), FGB (-455), and ALOX5 with CAAD and show that multiple ALOX5 SNPs independently predict CAAD. We provide evidence for previously unreported associations of SNPs in IL4R, NFKBIA, and PLG with CAAD, and weaker evidence for associations with CSF3, IL10RA, and VCAM1. The NFKBIA and IL10RA expression levels significantly differed between subjects with CAAD and controls. These results support a role for genetic variation related to inflammation in CAAD and a causal role for specific gene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Carlson
- Division of Public Health Sciences, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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