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Xu Y, Yang S, Xue G. The role of long non-coding RNA in abdominal aortic aneurysm. Front Genet 2023; 14:1153899. [PMID: 37007957 PMCID: PMC10050724 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1153899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by segmental expansion of the abdominal aorta and a high mortality rate. The characteristics of AAA suggest that apoptosis of smooth muscle cells, the production of reactive oxygen species, and inflammation are potential pathways for the formation and development of AAA. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is becoming a new and essential regulator of gene expression. Researchers and physicians are focusing on these lncRNAs to use them as clinical biomarkers and new treatment targets for AAAs. LncRNA studies are beginning to emerge, suggesting that they may play a significant but yet unidentified role in vascular physiology and disease. This review examines the role of lncRNA and their target genes in AAA to increase our understanding of the disease’s onset and progression, which is crucial for developing potential AAA therapies.
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Huanggu H, Yang D, Zheng Y. Blood immunological profile of abdominal aortic aneurysm based on autoimmune injury. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103258. [PMID: 36563768 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) occupies a large part of aorta aneurysm, and if there's no timely intervention or treatment, the risks of rupture and death would rise sharply. With the depth of research in AAA, more and more evidence showed correlations between AAA and autoimmune injury. Currently, a variety of bioactive peptides and cells have been confirmed to be related with AAA progression. Despite the tremendous progress, more than half researches were sampling from lesion tissues, which would be difficult to obtain. Given that the intrusiveness and convenience, serological test take advantages in initial diagnosis. Here we review blood biomarkers associated with autoimmune injury work in AAA evolution, aiming to make a profile on blood immune substances of AAA and provide a thought for potential clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Huanggu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China; Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Wang X, Kong F, Lin Z. Cromolyn prevents cerebral vasospasm and dementia by targeting WDR43. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1132733. [PMID: 37122373 PMCID: PMC10133528 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1132733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral vasospasm (CV) can cause inflammation and damage to neuronal cells in the elderly, leading to dementia. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying dementia caused by CV in the elderly, identify preventive and therapeutic drugs, and evaluate their efficacy in treating neurodegenerative diseases. Methods Genes associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage and CV were acquired and screened for differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) associated with aneurysm rupture. A regulatory network of DEmiRNAs and mRNAs was constructed, and virtual screening was performed to evaluate possible binding patterns between Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and core proteins. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on the optimal docked complexes. Optimally docked drugs were evaluated for efficacy in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases through cellular experiments. Results The study found upregulated genes (including WDR43 and THBS1) and one downregulated gene associated with aneurysm rupture. Differences in the expression of these genes indicate greater disease risk. DEmiRNAs associated with ruptured aortic aneurysm were identified, of which two could bind to THBS1 and WDR43. Cromolyn and lanoxin formed the best docking complexes with WDR43 and THBS1, respectively. Cellular experiments showed that cromolyn improved BV2 cell viability and enhanced Aβ42 uptake, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for inflammation-related disorders. Conclusion The findings suggest that WDR43 and THBS1 are potential targets for preventing and treating CV-induced dementia in the elderly. Cromolyn may have therapeutic value in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.
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Plasma complement component C2: a potential biomarker for predicting abdominal aortic aneurysm related complications. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21252. [PMID: 36482198 PMCID: PMC9732295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-based adjunctive measures that can reliably predict abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)-related complications hold promise for mitigating the AAA disease burden. In this pilot study, we sought to evaluate the prognostic performance of complement factors in predicting AAA-related clinical outcomes. We recruited consecutive AAA patients (n = 75) and non-AAA patients (n = 75) presenting to St. Michael's Hospital. Plasma levels of complement proteins were assessed at baseline, as well as prospectively measured regularly over a period of 2 years. The primary outcome was the incidence of rapidly progressing AAA (i.e. aortic expansion), defined as change in AAA diameter by either 0.5 cm in 6 months, or 1 cm in 12 months. Secondary outcomes included incidence of major adverse aortic events (MAAE) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). All study outcomes (AAA diameter, MACE and MAAE) were obtained during follow-up. Multivariable adjusted Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the prognostic value of plasma C2 levels in patients with AAA regarding rapid aortic expansion and MAAE and MACE. Event-free survival rates of both groups were also compared. Compared to non-AAA patients, patients with AAA demonstrated significantly higher plasma concentrations of C1q, C4, Factor B, Factor H and Factor D, and significantly lower plasma concentrations of C2, C3, and C4b (p = 0.001). After a median of 24 months from initial baseline measurements, C2 was determined as the strongest predictor of rapid aortic expansion (HR 0.10, p = 0.040), MAAE (HR 0.09, p = 0.001) and MACE (HR 0.14, p = 0.011). Based on the data from the survival analysis, higher levels of C2 at admission in patients with AAA predicted greater risk for rapid aortic expansion and MAAE (not MACE). Plasma C2 has the potential to be a biomarker for predicting rapid aortic expansion, MAAE, and the eventual need for an aortic intervention in AAA patients.
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Dong H, Raterman B, White RD, Starr J, Vaccaro P, Haurani M, Go M, Eisner M, Brock G, Kolipaka A. MR Elastography of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Relationship to Aneurysm Events. Radiology 2022; 304:721-729. [PMID: 35638926 PMCID: PMC9434816 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.212323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) diameter remains the standard clinical parameter to predict growth and rupture. Studies suggest that using solely AAA diameter for risk stratification is insufficient. Purpose To evaluate the use of aortic MR elastography (MRE)-derived AAA stiffness and stiffness ratio at baseline to identify the potential for future aneurysm rupture or need for surgical repair. Materials and Methods Between August 2013 and March 2019, 72 participants with AAA and 56 healthy participants were enrolled in this prospective study. MRE examinations were performed to estimate AAA stiffness and the stiffness ratio between AAA and its adjacent remote normal aorta. Two Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess AAA stiffness and stiffness ratio for predicting aneurysmal events (subsequent repair, rupture, or diameter >5.0 cm). Log-rank tests were performed to determine a critical stiffness ratio suggesting high-risk AAAs. Baseline AAA stiffness and stiffness ratio were studied using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests between participants with and without aneurysmal events. Spearman correlation was used to investigate the relationship between stiffness and other potential imaging markers. Results Seventy-two participants with AAA (mean age, 71 years ± 9 [SD]; 56 men and 16 women) and 56 healthy participants (mean age, 42 years ± 16; 27 men and 29 women) were evaluated. In healthy participants, aortic stiffness positively correlated with age (ρ = 0.44; P < .001). AAA stiffness (event group [n = 21], 50.3 kPa ± 26.5 [SD]; no-event group [n = 21], 86.9 kPa ± 52.6; P = .01) and the stiffness ratio (event group, 0.7 ± 0.4; no-event group, 2.0 ± 1.4; P < .001) were lower in the event group than the no-event group at a mean follow-up of 449 days. AAA stiffness did not correlate with diameter in the event group (ρ = -0.06; P = .68) or the no-event group (ρ = -0.13; P = .32). AAA stiffness was inversely correlated with intraluminal thrombus area (ρ = -0.50; P = .01). Conclusion Lower abdominal aortic aneurysm stiffness and stiffness ratio measured with use of MR elastography was associated with aneurysmal events at a 15-month follow-up. © RSNA, 2022 See also the editorial by Sakuma in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Dong
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Brian Raterman
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Richard D. White
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Jean Starr
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Patrick Vaccaro
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Mounir Haurani
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Michael Go
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Mariah Eisner
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Guy Brock
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
| | - Arunark Kolipaka
- From the Department of Radiology (H.D., B.R., R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.D.W., A.K.), Department of Surgery (J.S., P.V., M.H., M.G.), and Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics (M.E., G.B.), College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, 4th Floor, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (H.D., A.K.); and Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla (R.D.W.)
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Morgan S, Lee LH, Halu A, Nicolau JS, Higashi H, Ha AH, Wen JR, Daugherty A, Libby P, Cameron SJ, Mix D, Aikawa E, Owens AP, Singh SA, Aikawa M. Identifying novel mechanisms of abdominal aortic aneurysm via unbiased proteomics and systems biology. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:889994. [PMID: 35990960 PMCID: PMC9382335 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.889994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), characterized by a continued expansion of the aorta, leads to rupture if not surgically repaired. Mice aid the study of disease progression and its underlying mechanisms since sequential studies of aneurysm development are not feasible in humans. The present study used unbiased proteomics and systems biology to understand the molecular relationship between the mouse models of AAA and the human disease. Methods and results Aortic tissues of developing and established aneurysms produced by either angiotensin II (AngII) infusion in Apoe -/- and Ldlr -/- mice or intraluminal elastase incubation in wildtype C57BL/6J mice were examined. Aortas were dissected free and separated into eight anatomical segments for proteomics in comparison to their appropriate controls. High-dimensional proteome cluster analyses identified site-specific protein signatures in the suprarenal segment for AngII-infused mice (159 for Apoe -/- and 158 for Ldlr -/-) and the infrarenal segment for elastase-incubated mice (173). Network analysis revealed a predominance of inflammatory and coagulation factors in developing aneurysms, and a predominance of fibrosis-related pathways in established aneurysms for both models. To further substantiate our discovery platform, proteomics was performed on human infrarenal aortic aneurysm tissues as well as aortic tissue collected from age-matched controls. Protein processing and inflammatory pathways, particularly neutrophil-associated inflammation, dominated the proteome of the human aneurysm abdominal tissue. Aneurysmal tissue from both mouse and human had inflammation, coagulation, and protein processing signatures, but differed in the prevalence of neutrophil-associated pathways, and erythrocyte and oxidative stress-dominated networks in the human aneurysms. Conclusions Identifying changes unique to each mouse model will help to contextualize model-specific findings. Focusing on shared proteins between mouse experimental models or between mouse and human tissues may help to better understand the mechanisms for AAA and establish molecular bases for novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Morgan
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lang Ho Lee
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arda Halu
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jessica S. Nicolau
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Hideyuki Higashi
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anna H. Ha
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer R. Wen
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Peter Libby
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Scott J. Cameron
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Heart Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Doran Mix
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - A. Phillip Owens
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Sasha A. Singh
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Cardiovascular Division, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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7
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Cerro-Pardo I, Lindholt JS, Núñez E, Roldan-Montero R, Ortega-Villanueva L, Vegas-Dominguez C, Gomez-Guerrero C, Michel JB, Blanco-Colio LM, Vázquez J, Martín-Ventura JL. Combined Immunoglobulin Free Light Chains Are Novel Predictors of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2022; 63:751-758. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Sun W, Zheng J, Gao Y. Targeting Platelet Activation in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Current Knowledge and Perspectives. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020206. [PMID: 35204706 PMCID: PMC8961578 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially fatal vascular disease that involves complex multifactorial hemodynamic, thrombotic, inflammatory, and aortic wall remodeling processes. However, its mechanisms are incompletely understood. It has become increasingly clear that platelets are involved in pathological processes of vascular diseases beyond their role in hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelet activation with membrane receptors and secreted mediators promotes thrombus formation and the accumulation of inflammatory cells, which may play an important role in the development of AAA by destroying the structural integrity and stability of the vessel wall. Turbulent blood flow in aortic aneurysms promotes platelet activation and aggregation. Platelet count and heterogeneity are important predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic indicators of AAA. We summarize the relationship between platelet activation and AAA development and propose future research directions and possible clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Sun
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Jingang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Yanxiang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China;
- Correspondence:
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9
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Salhi L, Rijkschroeff P, Van Hede D, Laine ML, Teughels W, Sakalihasan N, Lambert F. Blood Biomarkers and Serologic Immunological Profiles Related to Periodontitis in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:766462. [PMID: 35096635 PMCID: PMC8798408 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.766462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory gum disease associated with systemic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. Aim To investigate the association of systemic blood biomarkers, C-reactive protein (CRP), levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and IgG levels against periodontal pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) with the stability, based on the aortic diameter, the growth rate and the eligibility for surgical intervention, of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Methods Patients with stable AAA (n = 30) and unstable AAA (n = 31) were recruited. The anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans and anti-P. gingivalis IgG levels were analyzed by ELISA, the LPS analysis was performed by using the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test, and plasma levels of CRP were determined using an immune turbidimetric method. The association between these blood systemic biomarkers, AAA features, periodontal clinical parameters and oral microbial profiles were explored. Regression models were used to test the relationship between variables. Results The presence of antibodies against Pg and Aa, LPS and high CRP concentrations were found in all AAA patients. The IgG levels were similar in patients with stable and unstable AAA (both for Aa and Pg). Among investigated blood biomarkers, only CRP was associated with AAA stability. The amount of LPS in saliva, supra, and subgingival plaque were significantly associated with the systemic LPS (p <0.05). Conclusions This post-hoc study emphasizes the presence of antibodies against Pg and Aa, LPS and high CRP concentrations in all AAA patients. The presence of Pg in saliva and subgingival plaque was significantly associated with the blood LPS levels. For further studies investigating periodontitis and systemic diseases, specific predictive blood biomarkers should be considered instead of the use of antibodies alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Salhi
- Department of Periodontology, Buccal Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Liège, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Leila Salhi, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-8452
| | - Patrick Rijkschroeff
- Department of Periodontology , Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dorien Van Hede
- Department of Periodontology, Buccal Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marja L. Laine
- Department of Periodontology , Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit (VU) Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wim Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Natzi Sakalihasan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Liège, Belgium
| | - France Lambert
- Department of Periodontology, Buccal Surgery and Implantology, Faculty of Medicine, Liège, Belgium
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10
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Kessler V, Klopf J, Eilenberg W, Neumayer C, Brostjan C. AAA Revisited: A Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors, Management, and Hallmarks of Pathogenesis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:94. [PMID: 35052774 PMCID: PMC8773452 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite declining incidence and mortality rates in many countries, the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) continues to represent a life-threatening cardiovascular condition with an overall prevalence of about 2-3% in the industrialized world. While the risk of AAA development is considerably higher for men of advanced age with a history of smoking, screening programs serve to detect the often asymptomatic condition and prevent aortic rupture with an associated death rate of up to 80%. This review summarizes the current knowledge on identified risk factors, the multifactorial process of pathogenesis, as well as the latest advances in medical treatment and surgical repair to provide a perspective for AAA management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (V.K.); (J.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
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11
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Kim EN, Yu J, Lim JS, Jeong H, Kim CJ, Choi JS, Kim SR, Ahn HS, Kim K, Oh SJ. CRP immunodeposition and proteomic analysis in abdominal aortic aneurysm. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245361. [PMID: 34428207 PMCID: PMC8384196 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The molecular mechanisms of the degeneration of the aortic wall in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are poorly understood. The monomeric form of C-reactive protein (mCRP) is deposited in damaged cardiovascular organs and aggravates the prognosis; however, it is unknown whether mCRP is deposited in the degenerated aorta of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We investigated whether mCRP is deposited in AAA and examined the associated pathogenic signaling pathways. METHODS Twenty-four cases of AAA were analyzed and their histological features were compared according to the level of serum CRP and the degree of mCRP deposition. Proteomic analysis was performed in AAA cases with strong and diffuse CRP immunopositivity (n = 7) and those with weak, focal, and junctional CRP immunopositivity (n = 3). RESULTS mCRP was deposited in the aortic specimens of AAA in a characteristic pattern that coincided with the lesion of the diminished elastic layer of the aortic wall. High serum CRP level was associated with stronger mCRP immunopositivity and a larger maximal diameter of aortic aneurysm. Proteomic analysis in AAA showed that multiple proteins were differentially expressed according to mCRP immunopositivity. Also, ingenuity pathway analysis showed that pathways associated with atherosclerosis, acute phase response, complement system, immune system, and coagulation were enriched in AAA cases with high mCRP immunopositivity. CONCLUSIONS AAA showed a characteristic deposition of mCRP, and multiple potentially pathologic signaling pathways were upregulated in AAA cases with strong CRP immunopositivity. mCRP and the aforementioned pathological pathways may serve as targets for managing the progression of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Na Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Yu
- Clinical Proteomics Core Lab, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Seo Lim
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangkyo Jeong
- Clinical Proteomics Core Lab, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Ra Kim
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Ahn
- Clinical Proteomics Core Lab, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Clinical Proteomics Core Lab, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Oh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Wu J, Wang W, Chen Z, Xu F, Zheng Y. Proteomics applications in biomarker discovery and pathogenesis for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:305-314. [PMID: 33840337 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1916473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common, complex, and life-threatening disease. Currently, the pathogenesis of AAA is not well understood. No biomarkers or specific drugs are available for AAA in clinical applications. Proteomics is a powerful tool in biomarker discovery, exploration of pathogenesis, and drug target identification.Areas covered: We review the application of mass spectrometry-based proteome analysis in AAA patients within the last ten years. Differentially expressed proteins associated with AAA were identified in multiple sample sources, including vascular tissue, intraluminal thrombus, tissue secretome, blood, and cells. Some potential disease biomarkers, pathogenic mechanisms, or therapeutic targets for AAA were discovered using proteome analysis. The challenges and prospects of proteomics applied to AAA are also discussed.Expert opinion: Since most of the previous proteomic studies used relatively small sample sizes, some promising biomarkers need to be validated in multicenter cohorts to accelerate their clinical application. With the rapid development of mass spectrometry technology, modification-specific proteomics and multi-omics research in the future will enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of AAA and promote biomarker discovery and drug development for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoran Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Health Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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13
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Lei C, Yang D, Chen W, Kan H, Xu F, Zhang H, Wang W, Ji L, Zheng Y. The potential role of chemotaxis and the complement system in the formation and progression of thoracic aortic aneurysms inferred from the weighted gene coexpression network analysis. J Transl Med 2021; 19:49. [PMID: 33531038 PMCID: PMC7852290 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) can be life-threatening due to the progressive weakening and dilatation of the aortic wall. Once the aortic wall has ruptured, no effective pharmaceutical therapies are available. However, studies on TAA at the gene expression level are limited. Our study aimed to identify the driver genes and critical pathways of TAA through gene coexpression networks. METHODS We analyzed the genetic data of TAA patients from a public database by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Modules with clinical significance were identified, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were intersected with the genes in these modules. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Finally, hub genes that might be driving factors of TAA were identified. Furthermore, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of these genes and analyzed the composition of immune cells using the CIBERSORT algorithm. RESULTS We identified 256 DEGs and two modules with clinical significance. The immune response, including leukocyte adhesion, mononuclear cell proliferation and T cell activation, was identified by functional enrichment analysis. CX3CR1, C3, and C3AR1 were the top 3 hub genes in the module correlated with TAA, and the areas under the curve (AUCs) by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of all the hub genes exceeded 0.7. Finally, we found that the proportions of infiltrating immune cells in TAA and normal tissues were different, especially in terms of macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells. CONCLUSION Chemotaxis and the complement system were identified as crucial pathways in TAA, and macrophages with interactive immune cells may regulate this pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuxiang Lei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No 1. Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haoxuan Kan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No 1. Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No 1. Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No 1. Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No 1. Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Ji
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No 1. Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No 1. Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.
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14
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Zagrapan B, Eilenberg W, Scheuba A, Klopf J, Brandau A, Story J, Dosch K, Hayden H, Domenig CM, Fuchs L, Schernthaner R, Ristl R, Huk I, Neumayer C, Brostjan C. Complement Factor C5a Is Increased in Blood of Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm and Has Prognostic Potential for Aneurysm Growth. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2020; 14:761-769. [PMID: 33332020 PMCID: PMC8397625 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-020-10086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this observational case-control study, circulating levels of complement factors C3a and C5a and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) were analysed in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients regarding their association with diagnosis and prognosis. Serum C5a was significantly raised in AAA patients compared to healthy controls—median 84.5 ng/ml (IQR = 37.5 ng/ml) vs. 67.7 ng/ml (IQR = 26.2 ng/ml), p = 0.007—but was not elevated in patients with athero-occlusive disease. Serum C5a levels correlated significantly with the increase in maximum AAA diameter over the following 6 months (r = 0.319, p = 0.021). The median growth in the lowest quartile of C5a (< 70 ng/ml) was 50% less compared to the highest C5a quartile (> 101 ng/ml): 1.0 mm/6 months (IQR = 0.8 mm) vs. 2.0 mm/6 months (IQR = 1.5 mm), p = 0.014. A log-linear mixed model predicted AAA expansion based on current diameter and C5a level. To our knowledge, this is the first study linking complement activation, in particular C5a serum level, with AAA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Zagrapan
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Scheuba
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Klopf
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annika Brandau
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Story
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Dosch
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hubert Hayden
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph M Domenig
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Fuchs
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rüdiger Schernthaner
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy: Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robin Ristl
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ihor Huk
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Plana E, Oto J, Medina P, Fernández-Pardo Á, Miralles M. Novel contributions of neutrophils in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm, the role of neutrophil extracellular traps: A systematic review. Thromb Res 2020; 194:200-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Zhu C, Leach JR, Wang Y, Gasper W, Saloner D, Hope MD. Intraluminal Thrombus Predicts Rapid Growth of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Radiology 2020; 294:707-713. [PMID: 31990263 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020191723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Intraluminal thrombus (ILT) within abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) may be a potential marker for subsequent aneurysm growth. Purpose To investigate the role of ILT in AAA progression as assessed with CT and MRI. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective study, with patient data included from January 2004 to December 2018 at a Veteran Affairs medical center. Male patients with AAA who underwent contrast material-enhanced CT at baseline and CT or black-blood MRI at follow-up (minimal follow-up duration of 6 months) were included. The maximal AAA diameter was measured with multiplanar reconstruction, and the annual growth rate of aneurysms was calculated. Uni- and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between demographic and imaging factors and aneurysm growth. Results A total of 225 patients (mean age, 72 years ± 9 [standard deviation]) were followed for a mean of 3.3 years ± 2.5. A total of 207 patients were followed up with CT, and 18 were followed up with MRI. At baseline, the median size of the AAA was 3.8 cm (interquartile range [IQR], 3.3-4.3 cm); 127 of 225 patients (54.7%) had ILT. When compared with AAAs without ILT, AAAs with ILT had larger baseline diameters (median, 4.1 cm [IQR, 3.6-4.8 cm] vs 3.4 cm [IQR, 3.2-3.9 cm]; P < .001) and faster growth rates (median, 2.0 mm/y [IQR, 1.3-3.2 mm/y] vs 1.0 mm/y [IQR, 0.4-1.8 mm/y]; P < .001). Small AAAs (size range, 3-4 cm) with ILT grew 1.9-fold faster than did those without ILT (median, 1.5 mm/y [IQR, 0.9-2.7 mm/y] vs 0.8 mm/y [IQR, 0.3-1.5 mm/y]; P < .001). Medium AAAs (size range, 4-5 cm) with ILT had 1.2-fold faster growth than did those without ILT (median growth, 2.1 mm/y [IQR, 1.4, 3.7 mm/y] vs 1.8 mm/y [IQR, 0.9, 2.0 mm/y]; P = .06). In multivariable analysis, baseline diameter and ILT were independently positively related to aneurysm growth rate (standardized regression coefficient, 0.43 [P < .001] and 0.15 [P = .02], respectively). Conclusion Both maximal cross-sectional aneurysm diameter and the presence of intraluminal thrombus are independent predictors of abdominal aortic aneurysm growth. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhu
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.Z., J.R.L., D.S., M.D.H.) and Surgery (W.G.), University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121; and Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China (Y.W.)
| | - Joseph R Leach
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.Z., J.R.L., D.S., M.D.H.) and Surgery (W.G.), University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121; and Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China (Y.W.)
| | - Yuting Wang
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.Z., J.R.L., D.S., M.D.H.) and Surgery (W.G.), University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121; and Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China (Y.W.)
| | - Warren Gasper
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.Z., J.R.L., D.S., M.D.H.) and Surgery (W.G.), University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121; and Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China (Y.W.)
| | - David Saloner
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.Z., J.R.L., D.S., M.D.H.) and Surgery (W.G.), University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121; and Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China (Y.W.)
| | - Michael D Hope
- From the Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (C.Z., J.R.L., D.S., M.D.H.) and Surgery (W.G.), University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121; and Department of Radiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China (Y.W.)
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17
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Abstract
Aortic aneurysms are a common vascular disease in Western populations that can involve virtually any portion of the aorta. Abdominal aortic aneurysms are much more common than thoracic aortic aneurysms and combined they account for >25 000 deaths in the United States annually. Although thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms share some common characteristics, including the gross anatomic appearance, alterations in extracellular matrix, and loss of smooth muscle cells, they are distinct diseases. In recent years, advances in genetic analysis, robust molecular tools, and increased availability of animal models have greatly enhanced our knowledge of the pathophysiology of aortic aneurysms. This review examines the various proposed cellular mechanisms responsible for aortic aneurysm formation and identifies opportunities for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymundo Alain Quintana
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (R.A.Q., W.R.T.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - W Robert Taylor
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (R.A.Q., W.R.T.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology (W.R.T.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.,Division of Cardiology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA (W.R.T.)
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18
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Martin-Ventura JL, Martinez-Lopez D, Roldan-Montero R, Gomez-Guerrero C, Blanco-Colio LM. Role of complement system in pathological remodeling of the vascular wall. Mol Immunol 2019; 114:207-215. [PMID: 31377677 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Europe. The clinical complications associated to arterial wall rupture involve intimal cap rupture in complicated atherosclerotic plaques and medial rupture in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The mechanisms underlying pathological vascular remodeling include lipid accumulation, cell proliferation, redox imbalance, proteolysis, leukocyte infiltration, cell death, and eventually, thrombosis. The complement system could participate in vascular remodeling by several mechanisms, from an initial protective response that aims in the clearing of cell debris to a potential deleterious role participating in leukocyte chemotaxis and cell activation and bridging innate and adaptive immunity. We have reviewed the presence and distribution of complement components, as well as the triggers of complement activation in atherosclerotic plaques and AAA, to later assess the functional consequences of complement modulation in experimental models of pathological vascular remodeling and the potential role of complement components as potential circulating biomarkers of CVD. On the whole, complement system is a key mechanism involved in vascular remodelling, which could be useful in the diagnostic/prognostic setting, as well as a potential therapeutic target, of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Luis Martin-Ventura
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, and CIBERCV, Spain.
| | - Diego Martinez-Lopez
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, and CIBERCV, Spain
| | - Raquel Roldan-Montero
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, and CIBERCV, Spain
| | - Carmen Gomez-Guerrero
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, and CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Blanco-Colio
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, and CIBERCV, Spain
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19
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Sakalihasan N, Michel JB, Katsargyris A, Kuivaniemi H, Defraigne JO, Nchimi A, Powell JT, Yoshimura K, Hultgren R. Abdominal aortic aneurysms. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2018; 4:34. [PMID: 30337540 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-018-0030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a localized dilatation of the infrarenal aorta. AAA is a multifactorial disease, and genetic and environmental factors play a part; smoking, male sex and a positive family history are the most important risk factors, and AAA is most common in men >65 years of age. AAA results from changes in the aortic wall structure, including thinning of the media and adventitia due to the loss of vascular smooth muscle cells and degradation of the extracellular matrix. If the mechanical stress of the blood pressure acting on the wall exceeds the wall strength, the AAA ruptures, causing life-threatening intra-abdominal haemorrhage - the mortality for patients with ruptured AAA is 65-85%. Although AAAs of any size can rupture, the risk of rupture increases with diameter. Intact AAAs are typically asymptomatic, and in settings where screening programmes with ultrasonography are not implemented, most cases are diagnosed incidentally. Modern functional imaging techniques (PET, CT and MRI) may help to assess rupture risk. Elective repair of AAA with open surgery or endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) should be considered to prevent AAA rupture, although the morbidity and mortality associated with both techniques remain non-negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natzi Sakalihasan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, CHU Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium. .,Surgical Research Center, GIGA-Cardiovascular Science Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Michel
- UMR 1148, INSERM Paris 7, Denis Diderot University, Xavier Bichat Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Athanasios Katsargyris
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Helena Kuivaniemi
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Jean-Olivier Defraigne
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, CHU Liège, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Surgical Research Center, GIGA-Cardiovascular Science Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Nchimi
- Surgical Research Center, GIGA-Cardiovascular Science Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Department of Medical Imaging, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Janet T Powell
- Vascular Surgery Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Koichi Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare, Yamaguchi Prefectural University, Yamaguchi, Japan.,Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Rebecka Hultgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Behr Andersen C, Lindholt JS, Urbonavicius S, Halekoh U, Jensen PS, Stubbe J, Rasmussen LM, Beck HC. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Growth Is Associated With High Concentrations of Plasma Proteins in the Intraluminal Thrombus and Diseased Arterial Tissue. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2254-2267. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Porosity of the intraluminal thrombus (ILT) is believed to convey biologically active components from the bloodstream toward the aneurismal wall. Accumulation of molecules in the abdominal aortic aneurysmatic tissue may influence vascular protein turnover and regulate abdominal aortic aneurysm growth. We sought to identify proteins with concentrations in the ILT and the abdominal aortic aneurysm wall which associate with aneurysmal expansion rate.
Approach and Results—
Proteomic analysis by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry of separated wall and ILT samples was correlated with preoperative aneurysmal growth rate in 24 individuals operated electively for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. The median preoperative growth rate was 3.8 mm/y (interquartile range, 3) and the mean observational time was 3.3±1.7 years. Plasma components dominated the group of proteins with tissue concentrations, which correlate positively with growth rates (
P
<0.001, Fisher exact test, both in the ILT and the wall). In contrast, in the wall and thrombus samples, ECM (extracellular matrix) proteins were significantly more prevalent in the group of proteins with negative correlations to growth rates (
P
<0.05, Fisher exact test). Similarly, a long series of proteins, related to cellular functions correlated negatively to growth rates.
Conclusions—
When the preoperative aneurysmatic growth rate has been high, the concentration of many plasma proteins residing in the ILT and the aneurysmatic tissue is also high, compatible with the hypothesis of increased tissue porosity and accumulation of plasma components as a driver of aneurysm expansion. Moreover, many matrix and cellular proteins which are found in high concentrations in slower-growing aneurysms provides new knowledge about potential treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Behr Andersen
- From the Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Vascular Surgery, Viborg Hospital, Denmark (C.B.A., J.S.L., S.U.)
| | - Jes S. Lindholt
- From the Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Vascular Surgery, Viborg Hospital, Denmark (C.B.A., J.S.L., S.U.)
- Department of Heart, Lung and Vascular Surgery T (J.S.L.)
- Centre for Individualised Medicine of Arterial Diseases, Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence (J.S.L., P.S.J., J.S., L.M.R., H.C.B.)
| | - Sigitas Urbonavicius
- From the Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Vascular Surgery, Viborg Hospital, Denmark (C.B.A., J.S.L., S.U.)
| | | | - Pia Søndergaard Jensen
- Centre for Individualised Medicine of Arterial Diseases, Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence (J.S.L., P.S.J., J.S., L.M.R., H.C.B.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Centre for Clinical Proteomics (P.S.J., L.M.R., H.C.B.), Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jane Stubbe
- Centre for Individualised Medicine of Arterial Diseases, Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence (J.S.L., P.S.J., J.S., L.M.R., H.C.B.)
- Cardiovascular and Renal Research (J.S.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense
| | - Lars Melholt Rasmussen
- Centre for Individualised Medicine of Arterial Diseases, Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence (J.S.L., P.S.J., J.S., L.M.R., H.C.B.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Centre for Clinical Proteomics (P.S.J., L.M.R., H.C.B.), Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Hans Christian Beck
- Centre for Individualised Medicine of Arterial Diseases, Cardiovascular Centre of Excellence (J.S.L., P.S.J., J.S., L.M.R., H.C.B.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Centre for Clinical Proteomics (P.S.J., L.M.R., H.C.B.), Odense University Hospital, Denmark
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Modulation of Immune-Inflammatory Responses in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Emerging Molecular Targets. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7213760. [PMID: 29967801 PMCID: PMC6008668 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7213760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a deadly vascular disease in human, is a chronic degenerative process of the abdominal aorta. In this process, inflammatory responses and immune system work efficiently by inflammatory cell attraction, proinflammatory factor secretion and subsequently MMP upregulation. Previous studies have demonstrated various inflammatory cell types in AAA of human and animals. The majority of cells, such as macrophages, CD4+ T cells, and B cells, play an important role in the diseased aortic wall through phenotypic modulation. Furthermore, immunoglobulins also greatly affect the functions and differentiation of immune cells in AAA. Recent evidence suggests that innate immune system, especially Toll-like receptors, chemokine receptors, and complements are involved in the progression of AAAs. We discussed the innate immune system, inflammatory cells, immunoglobulins, immune-mediated mechanisms, and key cytokines in the pathogenesis of AAA and particularly emphasis on a further trend and application of these interventions. This current understanding may offer new insights into the role of inflammation and immune response in AAA.
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Madrigal-Matute J, Blanco-Colio LM, Esteban-Salan M, Torres-Fonseca M, Lefebvre T, Delbosc S, Laustsen J, Driss F, de Ceniga M, Gouya L, Egido J, Meilhac O, Michel JB, Martin-Ventura JL, Martinez-Pinna R, Lindholt JS, Weiss G. From tissue iron retention to low systemic haemoglobin levels, new pathophysiological biomarkers of human abdominal aortic aneurysm. Thromb Haemost 2017; 112:87-95. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-08-0721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIron deposits are observed in tissue of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients, although the underlying mechanisms are not completely elucidated. Therefore we explored circulating markers of iron metabolism in AAA patients, and tested if they could serve as biomarkers of AAA. Increased red blood cell (RBC)-borne iron retention and transferrin, transferrin receptor and ferritin expression was observed in AAA tissue compared to control aorta (immunohistochemistry and western blot). In contrast, decreased circulating iron, transferrin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and haemoglobin concentration, along with circulating RBC count, were observed in AAA patients (aortic diameter >3 cm, n=114) compared to controls (aortic diameter <3 cm, n=88) (ELISA), whereas hepcidin concentrations were increased in AAA subjects (MS/MS assay). Moreover, iron, transferrin and haemoglobin levels were negatively, and hepcidin positively, correlated with aortic diameter in AAA patients. The association of low haemoglobin with AAA presence or aortic diameter was independent of specific risk factors. Moreover, MCHC negatively correlated with thrombus area in another cohort of AAA patients (aortic diameter 3–5 cm, n=357). We found that anaemia was significantly more prevalent in AAA patients (aortic diameter >5 cm, n=8,912) compared to those in patients with atherosclerotic aorto-iliac occlusive disease (n=17,737) [adjusted odds ratio=1.77 (95% confidence interval: 1.61;1.93)]. Finally, the mortality risk among AAA patients with anaemia was increased by almost 30% [adjusted hazard ratio: 1.29 (95% confidence interval: 1.16;1.44)] as compared to AAA subjects without anaemia. In conclusion, local iron retention and altered iron recycling associated to high hepcidin and low transferrin systemic concentrations could lead to reduced circulating haemoglobin levels in AAA patients. Low haemoglobin levels are independently associated to AAA presence and clinical outcome.
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23
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Molina-Sánchez P, Jorge I, Martinez-Pinna R, Blanco-Colio LM, Tarin C, Torres-Fonseca MM, Esteban M, Laustsen J, Ramos-Mozo P, Calvo E, Lopez JA, Ceniga MVD, Michel JB, Egido J, Andrés V, Vazquéz J, Meilhac O, Burillo E, Lindholt JS, Martin-Ventura JL. ApoA-I/HDL-C levels are inversely associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm progression. Thromb Haemost 2017; 113:1335-46. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-10-0874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SummaryAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) evolution is unpredictable, and there is no therapy except surgery for patients with an aortic size > 5 cm (large AAA). We aimed to identify new potential biomarkers that could facilitate prognosis and treatment of patients with AAA. A differential quantitative proteomic analysis of plasma proteins was performed in AAA patients at different stages of evolution [small AAA (aortic size=3�5cm) vs large AAA] using iTRAQ labelling, highthroughput nano-LC-MS/MS and a novel multi-layered statistical model. Among the proteins identified, ApoA-I was decreased in patients with large AAA compared to those with small AAA. These results were validated by ELISA on plasma samples from small (n=90) and large AAA (n=26) patients (150 ± 3 vs 133 ± 5 mg/dl, respectively, p< 0.001). ApoA-I levels strongly correlated with HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration (r=0.9, p< 0.001) and showed a negative correlation with aortic size (r=-0.4, p< 0.01) and thrombus volume (r=-0.3, p< 0.01), which remained significant after adjusting for traditional risk factors. In a prospective study, HDL-C independently predicted aneurysmal growth rate in multiple linear regression analysis (n=122, p=0.008) and was inversely associated with need for surgical repair (Adjusted hazard ratio: 0.18, 95 % confidence interval: 0.04�0.74, p=0.018). In a nation-wide Danish registry, we found lower mean HDL-C concentration in large AAA patients (n=6,560) compared with patients with aorto-iliac occlusive disease (n=23,496) (0.89 ± 2.99 vs 1.59 ± 5.74 mmol/l, p< 0.001). Finally, reduced mean aortic AAA diameter was observed in AngII-infused mice treated with ApoA-I mimetic peptide compared with saline-injected controls. In conclusion, ApoAI/ HDL-C systemic levels are negatively associated with AAA evolution. Therapies targeting HDL functionality could halt AAA formation.
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Fernandez-García CE, Burillo E, Lindholt JS, Martinez-Lopez D, Pilely K, Mazzeo C, Michel JB, Egido J, Garred P, Blanco-Colio LM, Martin-Ventura JL. Association of ficolin-3 with abdominal aortic aneurysm presence and progression. J Thromb Haemost 2017; 15:575-585. [PMID: 28039962 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is asymptomatic and its evolution unpredictable. To find novel potential biomarkers of AAA, microvesicles are an excellent source of biomarkers. Ficolin-3 is increased in microvesicles obtained from activated platelets and AAA tissue. Increased ficolin-3 plasma levels are associated with AAA presence and progression. SUMMARY Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients are usually asymptomatic and AAA evolution is unpredictable. Ficolin-3, mainly synthesized by the liver, is a molecule of the lectin complement-activation pathway involved in AAA pathophysiology. Objectives To define extra-hepatic sources of ficolin-3 in AAA and investigate the role of ficolin-3 as a biomarker of the presence and progression of AAA. Methods Microvesicles (exosomes and microparticles) were isolated from culture-conditioned medium of ADP-activated platelets, as well as from AAA tissue-conditioned medium (thrombus and wall). Ficolin-3 levels were analyzed by western-blot, real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Results Increased ficolin-3 levels were observed in microvesicles isolated from activated platelets. Similarly, microvesicles released from AAA tissue display increased ficolin-3 levels as compared with those from healthy tissue. Moreover, ficolin-3 mRNA levels in the AAA wall were greatly increased compared with healthy aortic walls. Immunohistochemistry of AAA tissue demonstrated increased ficolin-3, whereas little staining was present in healthy walls. Finally, increased ficolin-3 levels were observed in AAA patients' plasma (n = 478) compared with control plasma (n = 176), which persisted after adjustment for risk factors (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 5.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.27, 8.57)]. Moreover, a positive association of ficolin-3 with aortic diameter (Rho, 0.25) and need for surgical repair was observed, also after adjustment for potential confounding factors (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.11, 2.15). Conclusions In addition to its hepatic expression, ficolin-3 may be released into the extracellular medium via microvesicles, by both activated cells and pathological AAA tissue. Ficolin-3 plasma levels are associated with the presence and progression of AAA, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-E Fernandez-García
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Burillo
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - J S Lindholt
- Department of Thoracic, Heart and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Odense, Odense, Denmark
| | - D Martinez-Lopez
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Pilely
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Sect.7631, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Mazzeo
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Molecular Biology Center/CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - J-B Michel
- Inserm, U1148, Université Paris 7, CHU X-Bichat, Paris, France
| | - J Egido
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Sect.7631, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L M Blanco-Colio
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - J L Martin-Ventura
- Vascular Research Laboratory, FIIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
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Mokou M, Lygirou V, Vlahou A, Mischak H. Proteomics in cardiovascular disease: recent progress and clinical implication and implementation. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 14:117-136. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1274653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Mokou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harald Mischak
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Mosaiques Diagnostics, Hannover, Germany
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Burillo E, Jorge I, Martínez-López D, Camafeita E, Blanco-Colio LM, Trevisan-Herraz M, Ezkurdia I, Egido J, Michel JB, Meilhac O, Vázquez J, Martin-Ventura JL. Quantitative HDL Proteomics Identifies Peroxiredoxin-6 as a Biomarker of Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38477. [PMID: 27934969 PMCID: PMC5146935 DOI: 10.1038/srep38477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are complex protein and lipid assemblies whose composition is known to change in diverse pathological situations. Analysis of the HDL proteome can thus provide insight into the main mechanisms underlying abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and potentially detect novel systemic biomarkers. We performed a multiplexed quantitative proteomics analysis of HDLs isolated from plasma of AAA patients (N = 14) and control study participants (N = 7). Validation was performed by western-blot (HDL), immunohistochemistry (tissue), and ELISA (plasma). HDL from AAA patients showed elevated expression of peroxiredoxin-6 (PRDX6), HLA class I histocompatibility antigen (HLA-I), retinol-binding protein 4, and paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON1), whereas α-2 macroglobulin and C4b-binding protein were decreased. The main pathways associated with HDL alterations in AAA were oxidative stress and immune-inflammatory responses. In AAA tissue, PRDX6 colocalized with neutrophils, vascular smooth muscle cells, and lipid oxidation. Moreover, plasma PRDX6 was higher in AAA (N = 47) than in controls (N = 27), reflecting increased systemic oxidative stress. Finally, a positive correlation was recorded between PRDX6 and AAA diameter. The analysis of the HDL proteome demonstrates that redox imbalance is a major mechanism in AAA, identifying the antioxidant PRDX6 as a novel systemic biomarker of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Burillo
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Jorge
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Martínez-López
- Vascular Research Lab, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Camafeita
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marco Trevisan-Herraz
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Iakes Ezkurdia
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Spain
| | | | - Olivier Meilhac
- Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (UMR DéTROI U1188) - Université de La Réunion-CYROI- 2, rue Maxime Rivière 97490 Sainte Clotilde - La Réunion - France
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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Cross-Sectional Imaging to Evaluate the Risk of Rupture in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Review article based on a dissertation submitted to fulfill the academic grade of doctor in medical sciences (….), entitled: Imaging the mechanisms involved in abdominal aortic aneurysms rupture; a step towards patient-specific risk assessment. J Belg Soc Radiol 2016; 100:91. [PMID: 30151486 PMCID: PMC6100636 DOI: 10.5334/jbr-btr.1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Non-contrast 3D black blood MRI for abdominal aortic aneurysm surveillance: comparison with CT angiography. Eur Radiol 2016; 27:1787-1794. [PMID: 27553926 PMCID: PMC5323367 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-016-4559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Management of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is based on diameter. CT angiography (CTA) is commonly used, but requires radiation and iodinated contrast. Non-contrast MRI is an appealing alternative that may allow better characterization of intraluminal thrombus (ILT). This study aims to 1) validate non-contrast MRI for measuring AAA diameter, and 2) to assess ILT with CTA and MRI. METHOD 28 patients with AAAs (diameter 50.7 ± 12.3 mm) underwent CTA and non-contrast MRI. MRI was acquired at 3 T using 1) a conventional 3D gradient echo (GRE) sequence and 2) a 3D T1-weighted black blood fast-spin-echo sequence. Two radiologists independently measured the AAA diameter. The ratio of signal of ILT and adjacent psoas muscle (ILTr = signalILT/signalMuscle) was quantified. RESULTS Strong agreement between CTA and non-contrast MRI was shown for AAA diameter (intra-class coefficient > 0.99). Both approaches had excellent inter-observer reproducibility (ICC > 0.99). ILT appeared homogenous on CTA, whereas MRI revealed compositional variations. Patients with AAAs ≥5.5 cm and <5.5 cm had a variety of distributions of old/fresh ILT types. CONCLUSIONS Non-contrast 3D black blood MRI provides accurate and reproducible AAA diameter measurements as validated by CTA. It also provides unique information about ILT composition, which may be linked with elevated risk for disease progression. KEY POINTS • Non-contrast MRI is an appealing alternative to CTA for AAA management. • Non-contrast MRI can accurately measure AAA diameters compared to CTA. • MRI affords unique characterization of intraluminal thrombus composition.
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Tuñón J, Barbas C, Blanco-Colio L, Burillo E, Lorenzo Ó, Martín-Ventura JL, Más S, Rupérez FJ, Egido J. Proteomics and metabolomics in biomarker discovery for cardiovascular diseases: progress and potential. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:857-71. [PMID: 27459711 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2016.1217775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The process of discovering novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets may be shortened using proteomic and metabolomic approaches. AREAS COVERED Several complementary strategies, each one presenting different advantages and limitations, may be used with these novel approaches. In vitro studies show how cells involved in cardiovascular disease react, although the phenotype of cultured cells differs to that occurring in vivo. Tissue analysis either in human specimens or animal models may show the proteins that are expressed in the pathological process, although the presence of structural proteins may be confounding. To identify circulating biomarkers, analyzing the secretome of cultured atherosclerotic tissue, analysis of blood cells and/or plasma may be more straightforward. However, in the latter approach, high-abundant proteins may mask small molecules that could be potential biomarkers. The study of sub-proteomes such as high-density lipoproteins may be useful to circumvent this limitation. Regarding metabolomics, most studies have been performed in small populations, and we need to perform studies in large populations in order to discover robust biomarkers. Expert commentary: It is necessary to involve the clinicians in these areas to improve the design of clinical studies, including larger populations, in order to obtain consistent novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Tuñón
- a Department of Cardiology , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain.,b Vascular Pathology Laboratory , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain.,c Department of Medicine, Autónoma University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- d CEMBIO, Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad San Pablo CEU , Madrid , Spain
| | - Luis Blanco-Colio
- b Vascular Pathology Laboratory , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain
| | - Elena Burillo
- b Vascular Pathology Laboratory , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain
| | - Óscar Lorenzo
- b Vascular Pathology Laboratory , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain.,c Department of Medicine, Autónoma University , Madrid , Spain
| | - José Luis Martín-Ventura
- b Vascular Pathology Laboratory , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain.,c Department of Medicine, Autónoma University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Sebastián Más
- b Vascular Pathology Laboratory , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain.,c Department of Medicine, Autónoma University , Madrid , Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Rupérez
- d CEMBIO, Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, Facultad de Farmacia , Universidad San Pablo CEU , Madrid , Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- b Vascular Pathology Laboratory , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain.,c Department of Medicine, Autónoma University , Madrid , Spain.,e Department of Nephrology , Fundación Jiménez Díaz , Madrid , Spain.,f CIBERDEM , Madrid , Spain
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Plasma ferritin concentrations are not associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm diagnosis, size or growth. Atherosclerosis 2016; 251:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Malkawi A, Pirianov G, Torsney E, Chetter I, Sakalihasan N, Loftus IM, Nordon I, Huggins C, Charolidi N, Thompson M, Xu XY, Cockerill GW. Increased Expression of Lamin A/C Correlate with Regions of High Wall Stress in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. AORTA : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AORTIC INSTITUTE AT YALE-NEW HAVEN HOSPITAL 2016; 3:152-66. [PMID: 27175366 DOI: 10.12945/j.aorta.2015.14.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since aortic diameter is the most -significant risk factor for rupture, we sought to identify stress-dependent changes in gene expression to illuminate novel molecular processes in aneurysm rupture. MATERIALS AND METHODS We constructed finite element maps of abdominal computerized tomography scans (CTs) of seven abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients to map wall stress. Paired biopsies from high- and low-stress areas were collected at surgery using vascular landmarks as coordinates. Differential gene expression was evaluated by Illumina Array analysis, using the whole genome DNA-mediated, annealing, selection, extension, and ligation (DASL) gene chip (n = 3 paired samples). RESULTS The sole significant candidate from this analysis, Lamin A/C, was validated at the protein level, using western blotting. Lamin A/C expression in the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) of AAA patients was compared to a control group and in aortic smooth muscle cells in culture in response to physiological pulsatile stretch. -Areas of high wall stress (n = 7) correlate to those -regions which have the thinnest walls [778 µm (585-1120 µm)] in comparison to areas of lowest wall stress [1620 µm (962-2919 µm)]. Induced expression of Lamin A/C -correlated with areas of high wall stress from AAAs but was not significantly induced in the IMV from AAA patients compared to controls (n = 16). Stress-induced expression of Lamin A/C was mimicked by exposing aortic smooth muscle cells to prolonged pulsatile stretch. CONCLUSION Lamin A/C protein is specifically increased in areas of high wall stress in AAA from patients, but is not increased on other vascular beds of aneurysm patients, suggesting that its elevation may be a compensatory response to the pathobiology leading to aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Malkawi
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Grisha Pirianov
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Evelyn Torsney
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian Chetter
- Centre for Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, York Hull Medical School, Hull, UK
| | - Natzi Sakalihasan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Ian M Loftus
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian Nordon
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Christopher Huggins
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicoletta Charolidi
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matt Thompson
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xie Yun Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gillian W Cockerill
- Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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Orriols M, Varona S, Martí-Pàmies I, Galán M, Guadall A, Escudero JR, Martín-Ventura JL, Camacho M, Vila L, Martínez-González J, Rodríguez C. Down-regulation of Fibulin-5 is associated with aortic dilation: role of inflammation and epigenetics. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 110:431-42. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Abstract
Advances in mass spectrometry technology and bioinformatics using clinical human samples have expanded quantitative proteomics in cardiovascular research. There are two major proteomic strategies: namely, "gel-based" or "gel-free" proteomics coupled with either "top-down" or "bottom-up" mass spectrometry. Both are introduced into the proteomic analysis using plasma or serum sample targeting 'biomarker" searches of aortic aneurysm and tissue samples, such as from the aneurysmal wall, calcific aortic valve, or myocardial tissue, investigating pathophysiological protein interactions and post-translational modifications. We summarize the proteomic studies that analyzed human samples taken during cardiovascular surgery to investigate disease processes, in order to better understand the system-wide changes behind known molecular factors and specific signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teiji Oda
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Ken-ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
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Calcagno C, Mulder WJM, Nahrendorf M, Fayad ZA. Systems Biology and Noninvasive Imaging of Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:e1-8. [PMID: 26819466 PMCID: PMC4861402 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Calcagno
- From the Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (C.C., W.J.M.M., Z.A.F.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (W.J.M.M.); and Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.N.).
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- From the Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (C.C., W.J.M.M., Z.A.F.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (W.J.M.M.); and Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.N.)
| | - Matthias Nahrendorf
- From the Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (C.C., W.J.M.M., Z.A.F.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (W.J.M.M.); and Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.N.)
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- From the Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (C.C., W.J.M.M., Z.A.F.); Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (W.J.M.M.); and Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.N.)
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Folkesson M, Li C, Frebelius S, Swedenborg J, Wågsäter D, Williams KJ, Eriksson P, Roy J, Liu ML. Proteolytically active ADAM10 and ADAM17 carried on membrane microvesicles in human abdominal aortic aneurysms. Thromb Haemost 2015; 114:1165-74. [PMID: 26422658 DOI: 10.1160/th14-10-0899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The intraluminal thrombus (ILT) of human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has been suggested to damage the underlying aortic wall, but previous work found scant activity of soluble proteases in the abluminal layer of the ILT, adjacent to the aneurysm. We hypothesised that transmembrane proteases carried by membrane microvesicles (MV) from dying cells remain active in the abluminal ILT. ILTs and AAA segments collected from 21 patients during surgical repair were assayed for two major transmembrane proteases, ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease-10) and ADAM17. We also exposed cultured cells to tobacco smoke and assessed ADAM10 and ADAM17 expression and release on MVs. Immunohistochemistry showed abundant ADAM10 and ADAM17 protein in the ILT and underlying aneurysmal aorta. Domain-specific antibodies indicated both transmembrane and shed ADAM17. Importantly, ADAM10 and ADAM 17 in the abluminal ILT were enzymatically active. Electron microscopy of abluminal ILT and aortic wall showed MVs with ADAM10 and ADAM17. By flow cytometry, ADAM-positive microvesicles from abluminal ILT carried the neutrophil marker CD66, but not the platelet marker CD61. Cultured HL60 neutrophils exposed to tobacco smoke extract showed increased ADAM10 and ADAM17 content, cleavage of these molecules into active forms, and release of MVs carrying mature ADAM10 and detectable ADAM17. In conclusion, our results implicate persistent, enzymatically active ADAMs on MVs in the abluminal ILT, adjacent to the aneurysmal wall. The production of ADAM10- and ADAM17-positive MVs from smoke-exposed neutrophils provides a novel molecular mechanism for the vastly accelerated risk of AAA in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Folkesson
- Dr. Maggie Folkesson, Tel.: +46739435823, Fax: +46 13 14 91 06, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joy Roy
- Dr. Joy Roy, Tel.: +46739435823, Fax: +46 13 14 91 06, E-mail:
| | - Ming-Ling Liu
- Dr. Ming-Lin Liu, Tel.: +46739435823, Fax: +46 13 14 91 06, E-mail:
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Multimodality imaging assessment of the deleterious role of the intraluminal thrombus on the growth of abdominal aortic aneurysm in a rat model. Eur Radiol 2015; 26:2378-86. [PMID: 26396112 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-015-4010-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate imaging changes occurring in a rat model of elastase-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), with emphasis on the intraluminal thrombus (ILT) occurrence. METHODS The post-induction growth of the AAA diameter was characterized using ultrasound in 22 rats. ILT was reported on 13 rats that underwent 14 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 2-18 days post-surgery, and on 10 rats that underwent 18 fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/microcomputed tomography examinations 2-27 days post-surgery. Logistic regressions were used to establish the evolution with time of AAA length, diameter, ILT thickness, volume, stratification, MRI and FDG PET signalling properties, and histological assessment of inflammatory infiltrates. RESULTS All of the following significantly increased with time post-induction (p < 0.001): AAA length, AAA diameter, ILT maximal thickness, ILT volume, ILT iron content and related MRI signalling changes, quantitative uptake on FDG PET, and the magnitude of inflammatory infiltrates on histology. However, the aneurysm growth peak followed occurrence of ILT approximately 6 days after elastase infusion. CONCLUSION Our model emphasizes that occurrence of ILT precedes AAA peak growth. Aneurysm growth is associated with increasing levels of iron, signalling properties changes in both MRI and FDG PET, relating to its biological activities. KEY POINTS • ILT occurrence in AAA is associated with increasing FDG uptake and growth. • MRI signalling changes in ILT reflect activities such as haemorrhage and RBC trapping. • Monitoring ILT activities using MRI may require no exogenous contrast agent.
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Chang TW, Gracon ASA, Murphy MP, Wilkes DS. Exploring autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H719-27. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00273.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a disease process that carries significant morbidity and mortality in the absence of early identification and treatment. While current management includes surveillance and surgical treatment of low- and high-risk aneurysms, respectively, our narrow understanding of the pathophysiology of AAAs limits our ability to more effectively manage and perhaps even prevent the occurrence of this highly morbid disease. Over the past couple of decades, there has been considerable interest in exploring the role of autoimmunity as an etiological component of AAA. This review covers the current literature pertaining to this immunological process, focusing on research that highlights the local and systemic immune components found in both human patients and murine models. A better understanding of the autoimmune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of AAAs can pave the way to novel and improved treatment strategies in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany W. Chang
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Adam S. A. Gracon
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - Michael P. Murphy
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; and
| | - David S. Wilkes
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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de la Cuesta F, Mourino-Alvarez L, Baldan-Martin M, Moreno-Luna R, Barderas MG. Contribution of proteomics to the management of vascular disorders. TRANSLATIONAL PROTEOMICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trprot.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Tong J, Holzapfel GA. Structure, Mechanics, and Histology of Intraluminal Thrombi in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 43:1488-501. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Diameter-Related Variations of Geometrical, Mechanical, and Mass Fraction Data in the Anterior Portion of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 49:262-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Alonso-Orgaz S, Moreno-Luna R, López JA, Gil-Dones F, Padial LR, Moreu J, de la Cuesta F, Barderas MG. Proteomic characterization of human coronary thrombus in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. J Proteomics 2014; 109:368-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Complement and HIV-I infection/HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. J Neurovirol 2014; 20:184-98. [PMID: 24639397 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-014-0243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The various neurological complications associated with HIV-1 infection, specifically HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist as a major public health burden worldwide. Despite the widespread use of anti-retroviral therapy, the prevalence of HAND is significantly high. HAND results from the direct effects of an HIV-1 infection as well as secondary effects of HIV-1-induced immune reaction and inflammatory response. Complement, a critical mediator of innate and acquired immunity, plays important roles in defeating many viral infections by the formation of a lytic pore or indirectly by opsonization and recruitment of phagocytes. While the role of complement in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 infection and HAND has been previously recognized for over 15 years, it has been largely underestimated thus far. Complement can be activated through HIV-1 envelope proteins, mannose-binding lectins (MBL), and anti-HIV-1 antibodies. Complement not only fights against HIV-1 infection but also enhances HIV-1 infection. In addition, HIV-1 can hijack complement regulators such as CD59 and CD55 and can utilize these regulators and factor H to escape from complement attack. Normally, complement levels in brain are much lower than plasma levels and there is no or little complement deposition in brain cells. Interestingly, local production and deposition of complement are dramatically increased in HIV-1-infected brain, indicating that complement may contribute to the pathogenesis of HAND. Here, we review the current understanding of the role of complement in HIV-1 infection and HAND, as well as potential therapeutic approaches targeting the complement system for the treatment and eradications of HIV-1 infection.
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Sultan S, Hynes N, Sultan M. When Not to Implant the Multilayer Flow Modulator: Lessons Learned From Application Outside the Indications for Use in Patients With Thoracoabdominal Pathologies. J Endovasc Ther 2014; 21:96-112. [DOI: 10.1583/13-4514mr.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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