1
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Abdulbagi M, Di B, Li B. Resolving D-Amino Acid Containing Peptides Using Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry: Challenges and Recent Developments. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37975700 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2282510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins having D-amino acids in their sequences are now believed to be widespread among different living organisms. Their significance is attributed to the diverse functions of these molecules, such as having a certain pathological implication or enhancing biological activity. Indeed, some peptide molecules with D-amino acids in their structure have already found their way to clinical use such as the antibacterial gramicidin and the antidiabetic nateglinide. Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) added an additional dimension of separation as it depends on ions mobility in the space, which is dependent on their shapes, and the shape depends on the orientation of atoms. Thus, D-amino acids containing peptides (DAACPs) will have different mobility and collision cross-section values than those with L-amino acids. Eventually, this will lead to baseline separation of the two peptides. Additionally, ion mobility can precisely locate the position of D-amino acids by analyzing the difference in the arrival times of the fragment ions. The importance of DAACPs, as well as the difficulties in discovering them, were addressed in this review. Similarly, we emphasized how recent developments in IM-MS have improved their detection and analysis. Consequently, the LC-IM-MS/MS platform appears to be promising in isomeric mixture analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdulbagi
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Di
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Li
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Marcos-Contreras OA, Myerson JW, Nong J, Brenner JS, Muzykantov VR, Glassman PM. Effective Prevention of Arterial Thrombosis with Albumin-Thrombin Inhibitor Conjugates. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5476-5485. [PMID: 37823223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Thromboprophylaxis is indicated in patients at an elevated risk of developing thrombotic disorders, typically using direct oral anticoagulants or low-molecular-weight heparins. We postulated that transient thromboprophylaxis (days-weeks) could be provided by a single dose of an anticoagulant engineered for prolonged pharmacokinetics. In the present work, d-phenylalanyl-l-prolyl-l-arginine chloromethyl ketone (PPACK) was used as a model anticoagulant to test the hypothesis that conjugation of thrombin inhibitors to the surface of albumin would provide durable protection against thrombotic insults. Covalent conjugates were formed between albumin and PPACK using click chemistry, and they were tested in vitro using a thrombin activity assay and a clot formation assay. Thromboprophylactic efficacy was tested in mouse models of arterial thrombosis, both chemically induced (FeCl3) and following ischemia-reperfusion (transient middle cerebral artery occlusion; tMCAO). Albumin-PPACK conjugates were shown to have nanomolar potency in both in vitro assays, and following intravenous injection had prolonged circulation. Conjugates did not impact hemostasis (tail clipping) or systemic coagulation parameters in normal mice. Intravenous injection of conjugates prior to FeCl3-induced thrombosis provided significant protection against occlusion of the middle cerebral and common carotid arteries, and injection immediately following ischemia-reperfusion reduced stroke volume measured 3 days after injury by ∼40% in the tMCAO model. The data presented here provide support for the use of albumin-linked anticoagulants as an injectable, long-circulating, safe thromboprophylactic agent. In particular, albumin-PPACK provides significant protection against thrombosis induced by multiple mechanisms, without adversely affecting hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar A Marcos-Contreras
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jacob W Myerson
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jia Nong
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jacob Samuel Brenner
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Vladimir R Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick M Glassman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
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3
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Wickline SA, Hou KK, Pan H. Peptide-Based Nanoparticles for Systemic Extrahepatic Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleotides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119455. [PMID: 37298407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide-based nanoparticles (PBN) for nucleotide complexation and targeting of extrahepatic diseases are gaining recognition as potent pharmaceutical vehicles for fine-tuned control of protein production (up- and/or down-regulation) and for gene delivery. Herein, we review the principles and mechanisms underpinning self-assembled formation of PBN, cellular uptake, endosomal release, and delivery to extrahepatic disease sites after systemic administration. Selected examples of PBN that have demonstrated recent proof of concept in disease models in vivo are summarized to offer the reader a comparative view of the field and the possibilities for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Wickline
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Kirk K Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hua Pan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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4
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Iannucci J, Grammas P. Thrombin, a Key Driver of Pathological Inflammation in the Brain. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091222. [PMID: 37174621 PMCID: PMC10177239 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), are major contributors to death and disability worldwide. A multitude of evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is critical in neurodegenerative disease processes. Exploring the key mediators of neuroinflammation in AD, a prototypical neurodegenerative disease, could help identify pathologic inflammatory mediators and mechanisms in other neurodegenerative diseases. Elevated levels of the multifunctional inflammatory protein thrombin are commonly found in conditions that increase AD risk, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, and traumatic brain injury. Thrombin, a main driver of the coagulation cascade, has been identified as important to pathological events in AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that coagulation cascade-associated proteins act as drivers of inflammation in the AD brain, and studies in both human populations and animal models support the view that abnormalities in thrombin generation promote AD pathology. Thrombin drives neuroinflammation through its pro-inflammatory activation of microglia, astrocytes, and endothelial cells. Due to the wide-ranging pro-inflammatory effects of thrombin in the brain, inhibiting thrombin could be an effective strategy for interrupting the inflammatory cascade which contributes to neurodegenerative disease progression and, as such, may be a potential therapeutic target for AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Iannucci
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
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5
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Vargas I, Grabau RP, Chen J, Weinheimer C, Kovacs A, Dominguez-Viqueira W, Mitchell A, Wickline SA, Pan H. Simultaneous Inhibition of Thrombosis and Inflammation Is Beneficial in Treating Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7333. [PMID: 37108494 PMCID: PMC10138953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in acute coronary syndromes is a condition in which ischemic/hypoxic injury to cells subtended by the occluded vessel continues despite successful resolution of the thrombotic obstruction. For decades, most efforts to attenuate IRI have focused on interdicting singular molecular targets or pathways, but none have successfully transitioned to clinical use. In this work, we investigate a nanoparticle-based therapeutic strategy for profound but local thrombin inhibition that may simultaneously mitigate both thrombosis and inflammatory signaling pathways to limit myocardial IRI. Perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (PFC NP) were covalently coupled with an irreversible thrombin inhibitor, PPACK (Phe[D]-Pro-Arg-Chloromethylketone), and delivered intravenously to animals in a single dose prior to ischemia reperfusion injury. Fluorescent microscopy of tissue sections and 19F magnetic resonance images of whole hearts ex vivo demonstrated abundant delivery of PFC NP to the area at risk. Echocardiography at 24 h after reperfusion demonstrated preserved ventricular structure and improved function. Treatment reduced thrombin deposition, suppressed endothelial activation, inhibited inflammasome signaling pathways, and limited microvascular injury and vascular pruning in infarct border zones. Accordingly, thrombin inhibition with an extraordinarily potent but locally acting agent suggested a critical role for thrombin and a promising therapeutic strategy in cardiac IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Vargas
- University of South Florida Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Ryan P. Grabau
- University of South Florida Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Junjie Chen
- Consortium for Translational Research in Advanced Imaging and Nanomedicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Carla Weinheimer
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Attila Kovacs
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Adam Mitchell
- Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Samuel A. Wickline
- University of South Florida Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Hua Pan
- Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA
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6
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de Oliveira Laterza Ribeiro M, Correia VM, Herling de Oliveira LL, Soares PR, Scudeler TL. Evolving Diagnostic and Management Advances in Coronary Heart Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:951. [PMID: 37109480 PMCID: PMC10143565 DOI: 10.3390/life13040951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable improvement in diagnostic modalities and therapeutic options over the last few decades, the global burden of ischemic heart disease is steadily rising, remaining a major cause of death worldwide. Thus, new strategies are needed to lessen cardiovascular events. Researchers in different areas such as biotechnology and tissue engineering have developed novel therapeutic strategies such as stem cells, nanotechnology, and robotic surgery, among others (3D printing and drugs). In addition, advances in bioengineering have led to the emergence of new diagnostic and prognostic techniques, such as quantitative flow ratio (QFR), and biomarkers for atherosclerosis. In this review, we explore novel diagnostic invasive and noninvasive modalities that allow a more detailed characterization of coronary disease. We delve into new technological revascularization procedures and pharmacological agents that target several residual cardiovascular risks, including inflammatory, thrombotic, and metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thiago Luis Scudeler
- Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
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7
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Manners N, Priya V, Mehata AK, Rawat M, Mohan S, Makeen HA, Albratty M, Albarrati A, Meraya AM, Muthu MS. Theranostic Nanomedicines for the Treatment of Cardiovascular and Related Diseases: Current Strategies and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040441. [PMID: 35455438 PMCID: PMC9029632 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and related diseases (CVRDs) are among the most prevalent chronic diseases in the 21st century, with a high mortality rate. This review summarizes the various nanomedicines for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in CVRDs, including nanomedicine for angina pectoris, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, pericardial disorder, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension and stroke. Theranostic nanomedicines can prolong systemic circulation, escape from the host defense system, and deliver theranostic agents to the targeted site for imaging and therapy at a cellular and molecular level. Presently, discrete non-invasive and non-surgical theranostic methodologies are such an advancement modality capable of targeted diagnosis and therapy and have better efficacy with fewer side effects than conventional medicine. Additionally, we have presented the recent updates on nanomedicine in clinical trials, targeted nanomedicine and its translational challenges for CVRDs. Theranostic nanomedicine acts as a bridge towards CVRDs amelioration and its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Manners
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (N.M.); (V.P.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Vishnu Priya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (N.M.); (V.P.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Abhishesh Kumar Mehata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (N.M.); (V.P.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Manoj Rawat
- Novartis Healthcare Private Limited, Hyderabad 500078, India;
| | - Syam Mohan
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Albarrati
- Rehabilitation Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdulkarim M. Meraya
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Madaswamy S. Muthu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; (N.M.); (V.P.); (A.K.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-923-519-5928; Fax: +91-542-236-8428
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8
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Dukhin OA, Kalinsaya AI, Shpektor AV, Vasilieva EY. [The role of thrombin in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its complications]. KARDIOLOGIIA 2022; 62:73-81. [PMID: 35414364 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2022.3.n1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thrombin is a key regulator of the homeostasis system. Also, it actively participates in progression of various systemic diseases, including atherosclerosis. There is a large amount of experimental and clinical data on the involvement of thrombin in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Thus, studying thrombin activity regulation is promising. Also, the question whether it is possible to use biomarkers of thrombin activity as predictors of cardiovascular complications in IHD patients is relevant. The present review focuses on major mechanisms of thrombin functioning, its role in development and progression of atherosclerosis, and available tests for evaluation of thrombin functional activity. Major clinical studies are discussed that evaluated the efficacy of thrombin inhibitors and protease-activated receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Dukhin
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; Moscow Clinical City Hospital named after I.V. Davydovsky
| | - A I Kalinsaya
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; Moscow Clinical City Hospital named after I.V. Davydovsky
| | - A V Shpektor
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
| | - E Yu Vasilieva
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; Moscow Clinical City Hospital named after I.V. Davydovsky
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9
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Abdulbagi M, Wang L, Siddig O, Di B, Li B. D-Amino Acids and D-Amino Acid-Containing Peptides: Potential Disease Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets? Biomolecules 2021; 11:1716. [PMID: 34827714 PMCID: PMC8615943 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, amino acids are found in two forms, L and D enantiomers, except for glycine which does not have a chiral center. The change of one form to the other will lead to a change in the primary structure of proteins and hence may affect the function and biological activity of proteins. Indeed, several D-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) were isolated from patients with cataracts, Alzheimer's and other diseases. Additionally, significant levels of free D-amino acids were found in several diseases, reflecting the disease conditions. Studying the molecular mechanisms of the DAACPs formation and the alteration in D-amino acids metabolism will certainly assist in understanding these diseases and finding new biomarkers and drug targets. In this review, the presence of DAACPs and free D-amino acids and their links with disease development and progress are summarized. Similarly, we highlight some recent advances in analytical techniques that led to improvement in the discovery and analysis of DAACPs and D-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdulbagi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
| | - Orwa Siddig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
| | - Bin Di
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; (M.A.); (L.W.); (O.S.)
- Center Key Laboratory on Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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10
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Vargas I, Stephenson DJ, Baldwin M, Gaut JP, Chalfant CE, Pan H, Wickline SA. Sustained local inhibition of thrombin preserves renal microarchitecture and function after onset of acute kidney injury. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2021; 38:102449. [PMID: 34303838 PMCID: PMC8541929 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) management remains mainly supportive as no specific therapeutic agents directed at singular signaling pathways have succeeded in clinical trials. Here, we report that inhibition of thrombin-driven clotting and inflammatory signaling with use of locally-acting thrombin-targeted perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (PFC NP) protects renal vasculature and broadly modulates diverse inflammatory processes that cause renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Each PFC NP was complexed with ~13,650 copies of the direct thrombin inhibitor, PPACK (proline-phenylalanine-arginine-chloromethyl-ketone). Mice treated after the onset of AKI with PPACK PFC NP exhibited downregulated VCAM-1, ICAM-1, PGD2 prostanoid, M-CSF, IL-6, and mast cell infiltrates. Microvascular architecture, tubular basement membranes, and brush border components were better preserved. Non-reperfusion was reduced as indicated by reduced red blood cell trapping and non-heme iron. Kidney function and tubular necrosis improved at 24 hours versus the untreated control group, suggesting a benefit for dual inhibition of thrombosis and inflammation by PPACK PFC NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Vargas
- The USF Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Daniel J Stephenson
- Department of Cell biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Margaret Baldwin
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Joseph P Gaut
- Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Pathology and Immunology and Department of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Charles E Chalfant
- Department of Cell biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; The Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Research Service, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL
| | - Hua Pan
- The USF Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Samuel A Wickline
- The USF Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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11
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Wu Y, Vazquez-Prada KX, Liu Y, Whittaker AK, Zhang R, Ta HT. Recent Advances in the Development of Theranostic Nanoparticles for Cardiovascular Diseases. Nanotheranostics 2021; 5:499-514. [PMID: 34367883 PMCID: PMC8342263 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.62730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. CVD includes a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels such as myocardial infarction, ischemic heart, ischemic injury, injured arteries, thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Amongst these, atherosclerosis is the dominant cause of CVD and is an inflammatory disease of the blood vessel wall. Diagnosis and treatment of CVD remain the main challenge due to the complexity of their pathophysiology. To overcome the limitations of current treatment and diagnostic techniques, theranostic nanomaterials have emerged. The term "theranostic nanomaterials" refers to a multifunctional agent with both therapeutic and diagnostic abilities. Theranostic nanoparticles can provide imaging contrast for a diversity of techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT). In addition, they can treat CVD using photothermal ablation and/or medication by the drugs in nanoparticles. This review discusses the latest advances in theranostic nanomaterials for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs according to the order of disease development. MRI, CT, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and fluorescence are the most widely used strategies on theranostics for CVDs detection. Different treatment methods for CVDs based on theranostic nanoparticles have also been discussed. Moreover, current problems of theranostic nanoparticles for CVDs detection and treatment and future research directions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuao Wu
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Karla X. Vazquez-Prada
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yajun Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K. Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, the University of Queensland, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hang T. Ta
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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12
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Xu J, Zhang Y, Nie G. Intelligent antithrombotic nanomedicines: Progress, opportunities, and challenges. VIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology Guangdong China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
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13
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He H, Adili R, Liu L, Hong K, Holinstat M, Schwendeman A. Synthetic high-density lipoproteins loaded with an antiplatelet drug for efficient inhibition of thrombosis in mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/49/eabd0130. [PMID: 33277254 PMCID: PMC7821904 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Antiplatelet agents offer a desirable approach to thrombosis prevention through the reduction of platelet reactivity. However, major bleeding events greatly attenuate the clinical outcomes of most antithrombotic agents. Therefore, the development of safer and more effective strategies to prevent vascular occlusion and avoid bleeding is urgently needed. A reconstituted nanoparticle, synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL), which mimics the native HDL, has been established as clinically safe and is easily manufactured on a large scale. In this study, we propose that the delivery of the antiplatelet drug ML355, a selective inhibitor of 12(S)-lipoxygenase (12-LOX), by sHDL will efficiently inhibit thrombosis by targeting ML355 to the intended site of action, improving the pharmaceutical profile and harnessing the innate antithrombotic efficacy of the sHDL carrier. Our data show that ML355-sHDL exhibits more potent inhibition of thrombus formation in both small arterioles and larger arteries in mice without impairing the normal hemostasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Reheman Adili
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Room 2220D, Medical Sciences Research Building III, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lisha Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kristen Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Room 2220D, Medical Sciences Research Building III, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Room 2220D, Medical Sciences Research Building III, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, NCRC, 2800 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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14
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Zhao Y, Xie R, Yodsanit N, Ye M, Wang Y, Gong S. Biomimetic fibrin-targeted and H 2O 2-responsive nanocarriers for thrombus therapy. NANO TODAY 2020; 35:100986. [PMID: 33072177 PMCID: PMC7561002 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thrombosis is a principle cause of various life-threatening cardiovascular diseases. However, current antithrombotic treatments using drugs only offer limited efficacy due to short half-life, low targeting ability to the thrombus site, and unexpected bleeding complications. Taking into account of the biological characteristics of thrombus including upregulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and abundance of fibrin, we engineered a H2O2-responsive nanocarrier for thrombus-targeting delivery of an antithrombotic agent (i.e., tirofiban). The nanocarrier was composed of a drug-conjugated dextran nanocore and a red blood cell (RBC) membrane shell, and its surface was functionalized with a fibrin-targeting peptide, CREKA. Tirofiban was conjugated to dextran through a H2O2-cleavable phenylboronic ester linkage. The fibrin-targeting RBC membrane-cloaked dextran-tirofiban conjugate nanoparticles (i.e., T-RBC-DTC NPs) can scavenge H2O2 and provide controlled release of tirofiban to achieve site-specific antithrombotic effects. In RAW 264.7 cells and HUVECs, the T-RBC-DTC NPs effectively scavenged H2O2 and protected cells from H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. In the ferric chloride-induced carotid thrombosis mouse model, the T-RBC-DTC NPs efficiently accumulated at the injured carotid artery and exhibited significantly enhanced antithrombotic activity compared to free drug. The T-RBC-DTC NPs also exhibited good biocompatibility according to histology analysis. Overall, our results indicated that this bioengineered nanocarrier offers a promising therapeutic strategy for thrombotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Ruosen Xie
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Nisakorn Yodsanit
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Mingzhou Ye
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Yuyuan Wang
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Shaoqin Gong
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA. (S. Gong)
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15
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Iannucci J, Renehan W, Grammas P. Thrombin, a Mediator of Coagulation, Inflammation, and Neurotoxicity at the Neurovascular Interface: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:762. [PMID: 32792902 PMCID: PMC7393221 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The societal burden of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is staggering, with current estimates suggesting that 50 million people world-wide have AD. Identification of new therapeutic targets is a critical barrier to the development of disease-modifying therapies. A large body of data implicates vascular pathology and cardiovascular risk factors in the development of AD, indicating that there are likely shared pathological mediators. Inflammation plays a role in both cardiovascular disease and AD, and recent evidence has implicated elements of the coagulation system in the regulation of inflammation. In particular, the multifunctional serine protease thrombin has been found to act as a mediator of vascular dysfunction and inflammation in both the periphery and the central nervous system. In the periphery, thrombin contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis and diabetes, by inducing endothelial dysfunction and related inflammation. In the brain, thrombin has been found to act on endothelial cells of the blood brain barrier, microglia, astrocytes, and neurons in a manner that promotes vascular dysfunction, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Thrombin is elevated in the AD brain, and thrombin signaling has been linked to both tau and amyloid beta, pathological hallmarks of the disease. In AD mouse models, inhibiting thrombin preserves cognition and endothelial function and reduces neuroinflammation. Evidence linking atrial fibrillation with AD and dementia indicates that anticoagulant therapy may reduce the risk of dementia, with targeting thrombin shown to be particularly effective. It is time for “outside-the-box” thinking about how vascular risk factors, such as atherosclerosis and diabetes, as well as the coagulation and inflammatory pathways interact to promote increased AD risk. In this review, we present evidence that thrombin is a convergence point for AD risk factors and as such that thrombin-based therapeutics could target multiple points of AD pathology, including neurodegeneration, vascular activation, and neuroinflammation. The urgent need for disease-modifying drugs in AD demands new thinking about disease pathogenesis and an exploration of novel drug targets, we propose that thrombin inhibition is an innovative tactic in the therapeutic battle against this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn Iannucci
- The George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - William Renehan
- The George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Paula Grammas
- The George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
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16
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Kargl R, Kleinschek KS. How can we understand the influence of nanoparticles on the coagulation of blood? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1923-1926. [PMID: 32677508 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rupert Kargl
- Institute for Chemistry & Technology of Biobased Systems (IBIOSYS), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz, 8010, Austria.,Institute for Automation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia
| | - Karin Stana Kleinschek
- Institute for Chemistry & Technology of Biobased Systems (IBIOSYS), Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, Graz, 8010, Austria.,Institute for Automation, Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia
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17
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Pala R, Anju VT, Dyavaiah M, Busi S, Nauli SM. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:3741-3769. [PMID: 32547026 PMCID: PMC7266400 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s250872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the foremost causes of high morbidity and mortality globally. Preventive, diagnostic, and treatment measures available for CVDs are not very useful, which demands promising alternative methods. Nanoscience and nanotechnology open a new window in the area of CVDs with an opportunity to achieve effective treatment, better prognosis, and less adverse effects on non-target tissues. The application of nanoparticles and nanocarriers in the area of cardiology has gathered much attention due to the properties such as passive and active targeting to the cardiac tissues, improved target specificity, and sensitivity. It has reported that more than 50% of CVDs can be treated effectively through the use of nanotechnology. The main goal of this review is to explore the recent advancements in nanoparticle-based cardiovascular drug carriers. This review also summarizes the difficulties associated with the conventional treatment modalities in comparison to the nanomedicine for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekharreddy Pala
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA92618, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92868, USA
| | - V T Anju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Madhu Dyavaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Surya M Nauli
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, CA92618, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA92868, USA
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18
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Lordan R, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. Platelet activation and prothrombotic mediators at the nexus of inflammation and atherosclerosis: Potential role of antiplatelet agents. Blood Rev 2020; 45:100694. [PMID: 32340775 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are central to inflammation-related manifestations of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) such as atherosclerosis. Platelet-activating factor (PAF), thrombin, thromboxane A2 (TxA2), and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) are some of the key agonists of platelet activation that are at the intersection between a plethora of inflammatory pathways that modulate pro-inflammatory and coagulation processes. The aim of this article is to review the role of platelets and the relationship between their structure, function, and the interactions of their constituents in systemic inflammation and atherosclerosis. Antiplatelet therapies are discussed with a view to primary prevention of CVD by the clinical reduction of platelet reactivity and inflammation. Current antiplatelet therapies are effective in reducing cardiovascular risk but increase bleeding risk. Novel therapeutic antiplatelet approaches beyond current pharmacological modalities that do not increase the risk of bleeding require further investigation. There is potential for specifically designed nutraceuticals that may become safer alternatives to pharmacological antiplatelet agents for the primary prevention of CVD but there is serious concern over their efficacy and regulation, which requires considerably more research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5158, USA.
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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19
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Vigne J, Cabella C, Dézsi L, Rustique E, Couffin AC, Aid R, Anizan N, Chauvierre C, Letourneur D, Le Guludec D, Rouzet F, Hyafil F, Mészáros T, Fülöp T, Szebeni J, Cordaro A, Oliva P, Mourier V, Texier I. Nanostructured lipid carriers accumulate in atherosclerotic plaques of ApoE -/- mice. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 25:102157. [PMID: 31982616 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) might represent an interesting approach for the identification and targeting of rupture-prone atherosclerotic plaques. In this study, we evaluated the biodistribution, targeting ability and safety of 64Cu-fonctionalized NLC in atherosclerotic mice. 64Cu-chelating-NLC (51.8±3.1 nm diameter) with low dispersity index (0.066±0.016) were produced by high pressure homogenization at tens-of-grams scale. 24 h after injection of 64Cu-chelated particles in ApoE-/- mice, focal regions of the aorta showed accumulation of particles on autoradiography that colocalized with Oil Red O lipid mapping. Signal intensity was significantly greater in aortas isolated from ApoE-/- mice compared to wild type (WT) control (8.95 [7.58, 10.16]×108 vs 4.59 [3.11, 5.03]×108 QL/mm2, P < 0.05). Moreover, NLC seemed safe in relevant biocompatibility studies. NLC could constitute an interesting platform with high clinical translation potential for targeted delivery and imaging purposes in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Vigne
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Paris, France; Nuclear Medicine Department, X. Bichat Hospital, APHP and DHU FIRE, Paris, France; Université de Paris, UMS34 FRIM, Paris, France
| | - Claudia Cabella
- Centro Ricerche Bracco, Bracco Imaging SpA, Colleretto Giacosa, Italy
| | - László Dézsi
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Rachida Aid
- Université de Paris, UMS34 FRIM, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Dominique Le Guludec
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Paris, France; Nuclear Medicine Department, X. Bichat Hospital, APHP and DHU FIRE, Paris, France; Université de Paris, UMS34 FRIM, Paris, France
| | - François Rouzet
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Paris, France; Nuclear Medicine Department, X. Bichat Hospital, APHP and DHU FIRE, Paris, France; Université de Paris, UMS34 FRIM, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Hyafil
- Université de Paris, LVTS, INSERM U1148, Paris, France; Nuclear Medicine Department, X. Bichat Hospital, APHP and DHU FIRE, Paris, France; Université de Paris, UMS34 FRIM, Paris, France
| | - Tamás Mészáros
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Fülöp
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - János Szebeni
- Nanomedicine Research and Education Center, Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alessia Cordaro
- Centro Ricerche Bracco, Bracco Imaging SpA, Colleretto Giacosa, Italy
| | - Paolo Oliva
- Centro Ricerche Bracco, Bracco Imaging SpA, Colleretto Giacosa, Italy
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20
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Wilson AJ, Zhou Q, Vargas I, Palekar R, Grabau R, Pan H, Wickline SA. Formulation and Characterization of Antithrombin Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2118:111-120. [PMID: 32152974 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0319-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thrombin, a major protein involved in the clotting cascade by the conversion of inactive fibrinogen to fibrin, plays a crucial role in the development of thrombosis. Antithrombin nanoparticles enable site-specific anticoagulation without increasing bleeding risk. Here we outline the process of making and the characterization of bivalirudin and D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginyl-chloromethyl ketone (PPACK) nanoparticles. Additionally, the characterization of these nanoparticles, including particle size, zeta potential, and quantification of PPACK/bivalirudin loading, is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Wilson
- The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Qingyu Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ian Vargas
- The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rohun Palekar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan Grabau
- The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hua Pan
- The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Samuel A Wickline
- The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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21
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Biodistribution of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in Mice Atherosclerotic Model. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24193499. [PMID: 31561608 PMCID: PMC6803849 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a major cardiovascular disease worldwide, that could benefit from innovative nanomedicine imaging tools and treatments. In this perspective, we here studied, by fluorescence imaging in ApoE-/- mice, the biodistribution of non-functionalized and RXP470.1-targeted nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) loaded with DiD dye. RXP470.1 specifically binds to MMP12, a metalloprotease that is over-expressed by macrophages residing in atherosclerotic plaques. Physico-chemical characterizations showed that RXP-NLC (about 105 RXP470.1 moieties/particle) displayed similar features as non-functionalized NLC in terms of particle diameter (about 60-65 nm), surface charge (about −5 — −10 mV), and colloidal stability. In vitro inhibition assays demonstrated that RXP-NLC conserved a selectivity and affinity profile, which favored MMP-12. In vivo data indicated that NLC and RXP-NLC presented prolonged blood circulation and accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions in a few hours. Twenty-four hours after injection, particle uptake in atherosclerotic plaques of the brachiocephalic artery was similar for both nanoparticles, as assessed by ex vivo imaging. This suggests that the RXP470.1 coating did not significantly induce an active targeting of the nanoparticles within the plaques. Overall, NLCs appeared to be very promising nanovectors to efficiently and specifically deliver imaging agents or drugs in atherosclerotic lesions, opening avenues for new nanomedicine strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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22
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Lu HS, Schmidt AM, Hegele RA, Mackman N, Rader DJ, Weber C, Daugherty A. Reporting Sex and Sex Differences in Preclinical Studies. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:e171-e184. [PMID: 30354222 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong S Lu
- From the Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington (H.S.L., A.D.)
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY (A.M.S.)
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine and Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (R.A.H.)
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (N.M.)
| | - Daniel J Rader
- Department of Medicine (D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.,Department of Genetics (D.J.R.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Christian Weber
- Department of Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (C.W.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W.)
| | - Alan Daugherty
- From the Department of Physiology, Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington (H.S.L., A.D.)
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23
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Wang M, Hao H, Leeper NJ, Zhu L. Thrombotic Regulation From the Endothelial Cell Perspectives. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:e90-e95. [PMID: 29793992 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.310367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (M.W., H.H., L.Z.) .,Clinical Pharmacology Center (M.W.), Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
| | - Huifeng Hao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (M.W., H.H., L.Z.)
| | | | - Liyuan Zhu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease (M.W., H.H., L.Z.)
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24
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Flores AM, Ye J, Jarr KU, Hosseini-Nassab N, Smith BR, Leeper NJ. Nanoparticle Therapy for Vascular Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:635-646. [PMID: 30786744 PMCID: PMC6436996 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles promise to advance strategies to treat vascular disease. Since being harnessed by the cancer field to deliver safer and more effective chemotherapeutics, nanoparticles have been translated into applications for cardiovascular disease. Systemic exposure and drug-drug interactions remain a concern for nearly all cardiovascular therapies, including statins, antithrombotic, and thrombolytic agents. Moreover, off-target effects and poor bioavailability have limited the development of completely new approaches to treat vascular disease. Through the rational design of nanoparticles, nano-based delivery systems enable more efficient delivery of a drug to its therapeutic target or even directly to the diseased site, overcoming biological barriers and enhancing a drug's therapeutic index. In addition, advances in molecular imaging have led to the development of theranostic nanoparticles that may simultaneously act as carriers of both therapeutic and imaging payloads. The following is a summary of nanoparticle therapy for atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and restenosis and an overview of recent major advances in the targeted treatment of vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M. Flores
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine., Hanover, NH
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
| | - Jianqin Ye
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine., Hanover, NH
| | - Kai-Uwe Jarr
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine., Hanover, NH
| | - Niloufar Hosseini-Nassab
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Bryan R. Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Leeper
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine., Hanover, NH
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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25
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Jaberi N, Soleimani A, Pashirzad M, Abdeahad H, Mohammadi F, Khoshakhlagh M, Khazaei M, Ferns GA, Avan A, Hassanian SM. Role of thrombin in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:4757-4765. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Jaberi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Atena Soleimani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mehran Pashirzad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hosein Abdeahad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Fariba Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Mahdieh Khoshakhlagh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Medical Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education Brighton and Sussex Medical School Sussex UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Pan H, Palekar RU, Hou KK, Bacon J, Yan H, Springer LE, Akk A, Yang L, Miller MJ, Pham CT, Schlesinger PH, Wickline SA. Anti-JNK2 peptide-siRNA nanostructures improve plaque endothelium and reduce thrombotic risk in atherosclerotic mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:5187-5205. [PMID: 30233180 PMCID: PMC6135209 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s168556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A direct and independent role of inflammation in atherothrombosis was recently highlighted by the Canakinumab Antiinflammatory Thrombosis Outcome Study (CANTOS) trial, showing the benefit of inhibiting signaling molecules, eg, interleukins. Accordingly, we sought to devise a flexible platform for preventing the inflammatory drivers at their source to preserve plaque endothelium and mitigate procoagulant risk. METHODS p5RHH-siRNA nanoparticles were formulated through self-assembly processes. The therapeutic efficacy of p5RHH-JNK2 siRNA nanoparticles was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Because JNK2 is critical to macrophage uptake of oxidized lipids through scavenger receptors that engender expression of myriad inflammatory molecules, we designed an RNA-silencing approach based on peptide-siRNA nanoparticles (p5RHH-siRNA) that localize to atherosclerotic plaques exhibiting disrupted endothelial barriers to achieve control of JNK2 expression by macrophages. After seven doses of p5RHH-JNK2 siRNA nanoparticles over 3.5 weeks in ApoE-/- mice on a Western diet, both JNK2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased by 26% (P=0.044) and 42% (P=0.042), respectively. Plaque-macrophage populations were markedly depleted and NFκB and STAT3-signaling pathways inhibited by 47% (P<0.001) and 46% (P=0.004), respectively. Endothelial barrier integrity was restored (2.6-fold reduced permeability to circulating 200 nm nanoparticles in vivo, P=0.003) and thrombotic risk attenuated (200% increased clotting times to carotid artery injury, P=0.02), despite blood-cholesterol levels persistently exceeding 1,000 mg/dL. No adaptive or innate immunoresponses toward the nanoparticles were observed, and blood tests after the completion of treatment confirmed the largely nontoxic nature of this approach. CONCLUSION The ability to formulate these nanostructures rapidly and easily interchange or multiplex their oligonucleotide content represents a promising approach for controlling deleterious signaling events locally in advanced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, USF Health, Morsani College of Medicine, The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA, ,
| | - Rohun U Palekar
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kirk K Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - John Bacon
- Department of Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Huimin Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luke E Springer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Antonina Akk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lihua Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark J Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christine Tn Pham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Paul H Schlesinger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel A Wickline
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, USF Health, Morsani College of Medicine, The USF Health Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA, ,
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Ma L, Dai J, Chen J, Cai HW, Li JY, Li XY, Chen SJ, Mao W. Research Progress of Angiogenesis in Atherosclerotic Plaque in Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 24:950-955. [PMID: 30178090 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2569-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque plays a critical role in the mechanism of atherosclerotic physiopathology. Present consensus shows that angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque is mainly resulted in hypoxia, inflammation and some pro-angiogenic factors. The homeostasis in plaque, which is hypoxic and infiltrated by inflammatory cells, may lead to angiogenesis, increase the plaque instability and the incidence rate of vascular events. This article reviews the progression of pathogenetic mechanism, physiopathological significance, relevant detecting technique and corresponding therapeutic methods of Chinese and Western medicine of angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque, so as to provide more theoretical basis for atherosclerotic clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jin Dai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jie Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hong-Wen Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jia-Ying Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xin-Yao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shen-Jie Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wei Mao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Antithrombin Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles Improve Renal Allograft Function in a Murine Deceased Criteria Donor Model. Transplant Direct 2018; 4:e384. [PMID: 30234153 PMCID: PMC6133403 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000000817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Over 100 000 patients await renal transplantation and 4000 die per year. Compounding this mismatch between supply and demand is delayed graft function which contributes to short-term and long-term graft failures. Previously, we reported that thrombin-targeted perfluorocarbon nanoparticles (PFC-NP) protect kidneys from ischemic renal injury after transient arterial occlusion. Here we hypothesize that perfusion of renal allografts with PFC-NP similarly can protect graft function after an ischemic interval. Methods After 60 minutes of warm ischemia, male Lewis rats underwent left renal explantation followed by renal perfusion with 5 mL of standard perfusate alone (N = 3) or with 0.3 mL of untargeted PFC-NP (N = 5) or 0.3 mL thrombin-targeted of PFC NP functionalized with phenylalanine-proline-arginine-chloromethylketone (PPACK) (PFC-PPACK), an irreversible thrombin inhibitor (N = 5). Kidneys underwent 6 hours of cold storage, followed by transplantation into recipients and native nephrectomy. Animals were euthanized at 24 hours for tissue collection or at 48 hours for blood and renal tissue collection. A survival experiment was performed using the same protocol with saline control (N = 3), PFC-NP (N = 3) or PFC-PPACK (N = 6). Results Serum creatinine was improved for the PFC-PPACK groups as compared with control groups (P < 0.04). Kaplan-Meier survival curves also indicated increased longevity (P < 0.05). Blinded histologic scoring revealed markedly attenuated renal damage in the PFC-PPACK group compared to untreated animals (2.75 ± 1.60 versus 0.83 ± 3.89; P = 0.0001) and greater preservation of renal vasculature. Conclusions These results validate an NP-based approach to improve renal graft function as antithrombin NPs improved allograft function, decreased renal damage, protected vasculature, and improved longevity.
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Zhang L, Zeng Y, Qi J, Xu Y, Zhang S, Zhou X, Ping R, Fu S. A cynomolgus monkey model of carotid atherosclerosis induced by puncturing and scratching of the carotid artery combined with a high-fat diet. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:113-120. [PMID: 29977359 PMCID: PMC6030911 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardio-cerebrovascular disease is one of the three major causes of mortality in humans and constitutes a major socioeconomic burden. Carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) is a very common lesion of the arterial walls, which leads to narrowing of the arteries, in some cases occluding them entirely, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a cynomolgus monkey model of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) induced by puncturing and scratching combined with a high-fat diet. A total of 12 cynomolgus monkeys were randomly divided into four groups: A, puncturing and scratching carotid artery intimas + high-fat diet (n=3); B, puncturing and scratching carotid artery intimas + regular diet (n=3); C, high-fat diet only (n=3); and D, regular diet only (n=3). Blood was harvested at weeks 4, 6 and 8 and plasma lipid levels were assessed. At week 8, monkeys were sacrificed and carotid arteries were harvested for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining to observe pathological changes. The results revealed that a high-fat diet led to increased plasma lipid levels and accelerated plaque formation. Carotid color Doppler ultrasonography was performed and, along with H&E staining, revealed plaque formation in group A. In summary, the results of the present study suggest that a cynomolgus monkey model of CAS model may be successfully constructed by puncturing and scratching of the carotid artery intimas in combination with a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Orthopedics Department, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Orthopedics Department, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, P.R. China
| | - Ji Qi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yanxiao Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqun Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Ruiyue Ping
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510403, P.R. China
| | - Shijie Fu
- Orthopedics Department, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646600, P.R. China
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The Multifaceted Uses and Therapeutic Advantages of Nanoparticles for Atherosclerosis Research. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11050754. [PMID: 29738480 PMCID: PMC5978131 DOI: 10.3390/ma11050754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are uniquely suited for the study and development of potential therapies against atherosclerosis by virtue of their size, fine-tunable properties, and ability to incorporate therapies and/or imaging modalities. Furthermore, nanoparticles can be specifically targeted to the atherosclerotic plaque, evading off-target effects and/or associated cytotoxicity. There has been a wealth of knowledge available concerning the use of nanotechnologies in cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis, in particular in animal models, but with a major focus on imaging agents. In fact, roughly 60% of articles from an initial search for this review included examples of imaging applications of nanoparticles. Thus, this review focuses on experimental therapy interventions applied to and observed in animal models. Particular emphasis is placed on how nanoparticle materials and properties allow researchers to learn a great deal about atherosclerosis. The objective of this review was to provide an update for nanoparticle use in imaging and drug delivery studies and to illustrate how nanoparticles can be used for sensing and modelling, for studying fundamental biological mechanisms, and for the delivery of biotherapeutics such as proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and even cells all with the goal of attenuating atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the various atherosclerosis processes targeted mainly for imaging studies have been summarized in the hopes of inspiring new and exciting targeted therapeutic and/or imaging strategies.
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Gupta N, Sharma N, Mathur SK, Chandra R, Nimesh S. Advancement in nanotechnology-based approaches for the treatment and diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:188-197. [PMID: 29265888 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1417863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have been the major cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world accounting for more than 80% of the deaths from heart attacks and strokes. Hypercholesterolemia, an autosomal disorder of lipoprotein metabolism is one of the foremost causes of CVDs. An increased level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the plasma results in the rise of incidence rates in disease patients. Several conventional and combinational therapies have been proposed for lowering the LDL-C levels in the blood. These therapeutic agents are designed to target some crucial molecules that participates in the lipid metabolism such as apolipoprotein B, HMGCoA reductase, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9, etc. Although these therapies are effective but are associated with certain side effects. This article presents an overview on different conventional and nanotechnology-based approaches for the treatment and diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia. Numerous nanomaterial-based therapies including polymeric nanoparticles, cationic lipids, liposomes, dendrimers and inorganic nanoparticles have been discussed in lowering the cholesterol level along with recent advancement in diagnosis and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- a Department of Biotechnology , The IIS University , Jaipur , India
| | - Nikita Sharma
- b Department of Biotechnology , Central University of Rajasthan , Ajmer , India
| | - Sandeep K Mathur
- c Department of Endocrinology , SMS Medical College and Hospitals , Jaipur , India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- d Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
| | - Surendra Nimesh
- b Department of Biotechnology , Central University of Rajasthan , Ajmer , India
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Moore JK, Chen J, Pan H, Gaut JP, Jain S, Wickline SA. Quantification of vascular damage in acute kidney injury with fluorine magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:3144-3153. [PMID: 29148253 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To design a fluorine MRI/MR spectroscopy approach to quantify renal vascular damage after ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the therapeutic response to antithrombin nanoparticles (NPs) to protect kidney function. METHODS A total of 53 rats underwent 45 min of bilateral renal artery occlusion and were treated at reperfusion with either plain perfluorocarbon NPs or NPs functionalized with a direct thrombin inhibitor (PPACK:phenyalanine-proline-arginine-chloromethylketone). Three hours after reperfusion, kidneys underwent ex vivo fluorine MRI/MR spectroscopy at 4.7 T to quantify the extent and volume of trapped NPs, as an index of vascular damage and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Microscopic evaluation of structural damage and NP trapping in non-reperfused renal segments was performed. Serum creatinine was quantified serially over 7 days. RESULTS The damaged renal cortico-medullary junction trapped a significant volume of NPs (P = 0.04), which correlated linearly (r = 0.64) with the severity of kidney injury 3 h after reperfusion. Despite global large vessel reperfusion, non-reperfusion in medullary peritubular capillaries was confirmed by MRI and microscopy, indicative of continuing hypoxia due to vascular compromise. Treatment of animals with PPACK NPs after acute kidney injury did not accelerate kidney functional recovery. CONCLUSIONS Quantification of ischemia-reperfusion injury after acute kidney injury with fluorine MRI/MR spectroscopy of perfluorocarbon NPs objectively depicts the extent and severity of vascular injury and its linear relationship to renal dysfunction. The lack of kidney function improvement after early posttreatment thrombin inhibition confirms the rapid onset of ischemia-reperfusion injury as a consequence of vascular damage and non-reperfusion. The prolongation of medullary ischemia renders cortico-medullary tubular structures susceptible to continued necrosis despite restoration of large vessel flow, which suggests limitations to acute interventions after acute kidney injury, designed to interdict renal tubular damage. Magn Reson Med 79:3144-3153, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy K Moore
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hua Pan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Joseph P Gaut
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sanjay Jain
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Samuel A Wickline
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Machado-Pereira M, Santos T, Bernardino L, Ferreira R. Vascular inter-regulation of inflammation: molecular and cellular targets for CNS therapy. J Neurochem 2016; 140:692-702. [PMID: 27925201 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis and inflammation are clearly interconnected and interdependent processes that are dysregulated in a series of systemic and brain pathologies. Herein, key aspects regarding endothelial cell function and tissue remodelling that are particularly affected or aggravated by inflammation are presented. Most importantly, the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the vascular regulation of the inflammatory processes occurring in several brain disorders and how they impact on disease/injury progression are detailed, highlighting potential targets for therapy. Finally, nanomedicine-based approaches designed to overcome limitations pertaining to low systemic bioavailability, light, pH and temperature sensitivity and/or rapid degradation of these targets, and to optimize their mode of action are discussed. Ultimately, we expect this review to provide new insight and to suggest novel approaches for the treatment of blood-brain barrier dysfunction per se or as a means to treat the injured or diseased central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Machado-Pereira
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tiago Santos
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Liliana Bernardino
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Raquel Ferreira
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, Covilhã, Portugal
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