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Mojsym W, Wawrzykowski J, Kankofer M. Proteomic profile in plasma as a biomarker of pregnancy in cows. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14667. [PMID: 38988253 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Pregnancy has its own protein dynamics, reflecting the hormonal profile. Quantitative and qualitative changes in plasma protein profile may provide useful information about this condition. Any alterations may be a signal heralding clinical or subclinical pathology. The objective of our study was to compare the plasma protein profile between selected months of pregnancy in cows for a better understanding gestation course. For this purpose, we collected blood from healthy pregnant (n = 30; n = 6 for each pregnancy stage) and non-pregnant (C; n = 6) Holstein-Friesian cows during a routine veterinary examination. Collected samples were selected according to pregnancy month (first, second, third, sixth, and ninth), prepared, and separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The Delta-2D program compared and statistically evaluated scanned gel images from the appropriate months. The mean volume of the spots was considered. The MALDI TOF/TOF spectrometer was used to identify statistically significant proteins. There were 11 distinct proteins found, including peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F, oligoribonuclease, and PRELI domain-containing protein 3B (all of them have the lowest abundance in the C group), alpha-1B-glycoprotein, L-gulonolactone oxidase, hemopexin (first month with higher abundance than control), alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (significantly higher abundance in the first month than in remaining groups), ermin (absent in the first month and lower abundance in the third and sixth months than in the remaining groups and control), endophilin-A2 (significant differences between the control and the second, third, sixth, and ninth months), apolipoprotein A-I (significant difference between control and the first and sixth months), alpha-1-antiproteinase (significant difference between control and the ninth month). The study demonstrated the distinctions between plasma protein composition and alterations during the pregnancy course which may potentially serve as diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioleta Mojsym
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Wawrzykowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Kankofer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Lui DTW, Tan KCB. High-density lipoprotein in diabetes: Structural and functional relevance. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:805-816. [PMID: 38416054 PMCID: PMC11215696 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Low levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is considered a major cardiovascular risk factor. However, recent studies have suggested a more U-shaped association between HDL-C and cardiovascular disease. It has been shown that the cardioprotective effect of HDL is related to the functions of HDL particles rather than their cholesterol content. HDL particles are highly heterogeneous and have multiple functions relevant to cardiometabolic conditions including cholesterol efflux capacity, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and vasoactive properties. There are quantitative and qualitative changes in HDL as well as functional abnormalities in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Non-enzymatic glycation, carbamylation, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation can modify the HDL composition and therefore the functions, especially in situations of poor glycemic control. Studies of HDL proteomics and lipidomics have provided further insights into the structure-function relationship of HDL in diabetes. Interestingly, HDL also has a pleiotropic anti-diabetic effect, improving glycemic control through improvement in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Given the important role of HDL in cardiometabolic health, HDL-based therapeutics are being developed to enhance HDL functions rather than to increase HDL-C levels. Among these, recombinant HDL and small synthetic apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptides may hold promise for preventing and treating diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tak Wai Lui
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Kathryn Choon Beng Tan
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
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Wang S, Gao H, Zhang M, Chen S. High Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A1 is Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:2357-2369. [PMID: 38881697 PMCID: PMC11178075 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s465391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the relationship between vitamin D (VitD) deficiency and the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 (apo B/A1) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods This was a retrospective study that lasted 2 years and 6 months, collecting information and laboratory data from 784 patients with T2DM. Patients were divided into VitD deficiency group (n = 433) and non-VitD deficiency group (n = 351) based on VitD levels. Calculated apo B/A1 ratio, and patients were further divided into high-apo B/A1 group (n = 392) and low-apo B/A1 group (n = 392) based on the median of the apo B/A1. All data were analyzed using Prism 8.0.1 and R version 4.3.1 software. Results Apo B/A1 levels of T2DM patients combined with VitD deficiency was significantly higher than that of non-VitD deficiency patients, and the VitD levels of patients with high apo B/A1 was significantly lower than that patients with low apo B/A1 (all P<0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that VitD levels were negatively correlated with apo B/A1 (r=-0.238, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed after adjusting other factors, VitD levels were significantly negatively associated with apo B/A1 (β=-0.123, P=0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis showed apoB/A1 was an independent risk factor for VitD deficiency in T2DM patients. Restrictive cubic spline indicated a significant linear relationship between apoB/A1 and VitD deficiency (P general trend <0.0001, P nonlinear = 0.0896), after stratification of gender, the results showed that apo B/A1 was more susceptible to VitD deficiency in female patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity of the apo B/A1 for VitD deficiency were 0.654, 66.3% and 59.8%, respectively. Conclusion The apo B/A1 was significantly negatively associated with VitD levels and an independent risk factor for VitD deficiency in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haina Gao
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuchun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
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Shan D, Wang A, Yi K. Lipids, apolipoproteins and gestational diabetes mellitus: a Mendelian randomization study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:347. [PMID: 38711000 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the causal relationship between lipid traits and GDM in an effort to better understand the aetiology of GDM. METHODS Employing a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework, we used Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables to examine the impact of lipids and apolipoproteins on GDM. The research comprised univariable and multivariable MR analyses, with a prime focus on individual and combined effects of lipid-related traits. Statistical techniques included the fixed-effect inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and supplementary methods such as MR-Egger for comprehensive assessment. RESULTS Our findings revealed the following significant associations: apoA-I and HDL cholesterol were inversely correlated with GDM risk, while triglycerides showed a positive correlation. In multivariable analysis, apoA-I consistently exhibited a strong causal link with GDM, even after adjusting for other lipids and Body Mass Index (BMI). CONCLUSION The study demonstrates a significant causal relationship between apoA-I and GDM risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shan
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Dong H, Wang J, Hu P, Lu N. Associations of apolipoproteinA1, high density lipoprotein cholesterol with hemoglobin glycation index and triglyceride-glucose index in Chinese adults with coronary artery disease. J Diabetes Complications 2023; 37:108516. [PMID: 37276657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2023.108516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Scarce data explored the associations of apolipoproteins with hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index. This study determined associations of serum apolipoproteinA1 (ApoA1) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with HGI and TyG index in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. METHODS A total of 10,803 CAD patients were included in this cross-sectional pilot study. Serum concentrations of ApoA1 and HDL-C were measured. Analyses of covariance were used to compare the mean differences in glucose metabolism indices (e.g., HGI, TyG index, hemoglobin glycation [HbA1c], fasting blood glucose [FBG]) among the quartiles of ApoA1, HDL-C and HDL-C/ApoA1 ratio. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, higher ApoA1, HDL-C and HDL-C/ApoA1 ratio were associated with significantly lower HGI (Quartile [Q]4 vs. Q1: -0.032 % vs. 0.017 % for ApoA1; -0.072 % vs. 0.079 % for HDL-C; -0.083 % vs. 0.085 % for HDL-C/ApoA1 ratio). Intermediate ApoA1 level was inversely associated with TyG index (Q2 vs. Q1: 296.278 vs. 306.794). The mean TyG index were significantly decreased with increased HDL-C and HDL-C/ApoA1 ratio (Q4 vs. Q1: 298.584 vs. 309.221 for HDL-C; 300.405 vs. 315.218 for HDL-C/ApoA1 ratio). Moreover, the inverse associations of ApoA1, HDL-C and HDL-C/ApoA1 ratio with HbA1c and FBG also were observed. In path analysis, the associations of HDL-C and HDL-C/ApoA1 ratio with TyG index were mediated by obesity. CONCLUSION This study provided further support for the hypoglycemic effects of ApoA1 and HDL-C in patients with CAD. Replication of these findings is warranted in further longitudinal studies in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Dong
- Department of Child Healthcare and Scientific Education Section, Affiliated Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Nan Lu
- Department of Psycho-Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Song X, Wang C, Wang T, Zhang S, Qin J. Obesity and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 197:110561. [PMID: 36738839 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate genetically predicted causal associations of general and central obesity with GDM, and to determine the mediating role of circulating lipids. METHODS Summary-level data was obtained from the largest available genome-wide association studies of five obesity traits, five lipid traits and GDM. Two-sample univariate Mendelian randomization (MR), multivariate MR, and MR-based mediation analysis was applied to determine the total effect, direct effect and the mediating effect, respectively. RESULTS Univariate MR showed that the odds of GDM increased per 1-SD increase in body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.64, P = 5.05 × 10-17), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (OR = 1.57, P = 2.27 × 10-14) and WHR adjusted for BMI (OR = 1.42, P = 6.11 × 10-15). The heterogeneous associations of waist circumference (OR = 1.64, P = 5.57 × 10-14) and hip circumference (OR = 1.20, P = 0.002) on GDM further reflected that body fat distribution could influence GDM risk. Mediation analysis suggested that triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I each mediated between 5% and 10% of the association between obesity and GDM. CONCLUSION Our findings supported a deleterious causal effect of obesity on GDM risk, where lipid metabolism acted as potential drivers of the relationships between both general and central obesity and GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Senmao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiabi Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China; Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of clinical epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Sridhar VS, Liu H, Lovblom LE, Feig DS, Herer E, Hladunewich MA, Kiss A, Kohly RP, Lipscombe LL, Yip PM, Cherney DZ, Shah BR. Associations Among Biomarkers of Inflammation, Tubular Injury and Lipid Metabolism With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Status, Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy in the Microalbuminuria and Retinopathy in Gestational Diabetes Study. Can J Diabetes 2023; 47:43-50.e3. [PMID: 36180335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pregnancy may be complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and/or microvascular complications like albuminuria, retinopathy and pre-eclampsia. In this study we aimed to identify whether mechanistic pathways associated with microvascular complications are active in pregnant women with GDM or microvascular disease. METHODS Urinary albumin excretion and biomarkers of inflammation, lipoprotein metabolism and tubular injury were quantified in 355 pregnant women with and without GDM. Participants underwent fundus photography graded for retinopathy. Adjusted associations between individual biomarkers and each outcome variable of interest, including GDM status, albuminuria and retinopathy, were performed using logistic regression. RESULTS After adjusting for age, systolic blood pressure, body mass index and ethnicity, significant associations between GDM status and apolipoprotein A1, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor-I and -II (sTNFR-I and -II), vascular endothelial growth factor and von Willebrand factor were observed. Increased high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and sTNFR-II were associated with higher levels of albuminuria. hsCRP and previous GDM were associated with retinopathy. CONCLUSION Mechanistic pathways associated with microvascular complications appear to be active in pregnant women with GDM or microvascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas S Sridhar
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leif Erik Lovblom
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Denice S Feig
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elaine Herer
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle A Hladunewich
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Radha P Kohly
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lorraine L Lipscombe
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul M Yip
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Z Cherney
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Baiju R Shah
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Wu X, You C. The biomarkers discovery of hyperuricemia and gout: proteomics and metabolomics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14554. [PMID: 36632144 PMCID: PMC9828291 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia and gout are a group of disorders of purine metabolism. In recent years, the incidence of hyperuricemia and gout has been increasing, which is a severe threat to people's health. Several studies on hyperuricemia and gout in proteomics and metabolomics have been conducted recently. Some literature has identified biomarkers that distinguish asymptomatic hyperuricemia from acute gout or remission of gout. We summarize the physiological processes in which these biomarkers may be involved and their role in disease progression. Methodology We used professional databases including PubMed, Web of Science to conduct the literature review. This review addresses the current landscape of hyperuricemia and gout biomarkers with a focus on proteomics and metabolomics. Results Proteomic methods are used to identify differentially expressed proteins to find specific biomarkers. These findings may be suggestive for the diagnosis and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout to explore the disease pathogenesis. The identified biomarkers may be mediators of the link between hyperuricemia, gout and kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia. Metabolomics reveals the main influential pathways through small molecule metabolites, such as amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, or other characteristic metabolic pathways. These studies have contributed to the discovery of Chinese medicine. Some traditional Chinese medicine compounds can improve the metabolic disorders of the disease. Conclusions We suggest some possible relationships of potential biomarkers with inflammatory episodes, complement activation, and metabolic pathways. These biomarkers are able to distinguish between different stages of disease development. However, there are relatively few proteomic as well as metabolomic studies on hyperuricemia and gout, and some experiments are only primary screening tests, which need further in-depth study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong Wu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chongge You
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Solares I, Jericó D, Córdoba KM, Morales-Conejo M, Ena J, Enríquez de Salamanca R, Fontanellas A. Understanding Carbohydrate Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Acute Intermittent Porphyria. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010051. [PMID: 36613492 PMCID: PMC9820064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD) haploinsufficiency (acute intermittent porphyria, AIP) is characterized by neurovisceral attacks associated with high production, accumulation and urinary excretion of heme precursors, δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and porphobilinogen (PBG). The estimated clinical penetrance for AIP is extremely low (<1%), therefore it is likely that other factors may play an important role in the predisposition to developing attacks. Fasting is a known triggering factor. Given the increased prevalence of insulin resistance in patients and the large urinary loss of succinyl-CoA to produce ALA and PBG, we explore the impact of reduced availability of energy metabolites in the severity of AIP pathophysiology. Classic studies found clinical improvement in patients affected by AIP associated with the administration of glucose and concomitant insulin secretion, or after hyperinsulinemia associated with diabetes. Molecular studies have confirmed that glucose and insulin administration induces a repressive effect on hepatic ALA Synthase, the first and regulatory step of the heme pathway. More recently, the insulin-mimicking α-lipoic acid has been shown to improve glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in a hepatocyte cell line transfected with interfering RNA targeting PBGD. In AIP mice, preventive treatment with an experimental fusion protein of insulin and apolipoprotein A-I improved the disease by promoting fat mobilization in adipose tissue, increasing the metabolite bioavailability for the TCA cycle and inducing mitochondrial biogenesis in the liver. In this review, we analyze the possible mechanisms underlying abnormal hepatocellular carbohydrate homeostasis in AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Solares
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Disease-MetabERN, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, UCM, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Jericó
- Hepatology Program, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Karol M. Córdoba
- Hepatology Program, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Morales-Conejo
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Disease-MetabERN, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, UCM, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Enfermedades Mitocondriales y Neuromusculares, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Ena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Marina Baixa Hospital, 03570 Villajoyosa, Spain
| | - Rafael Enríquez de Salamanca
- Reference Center for Inherited Metabolic Disease-MetabERN, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, UCM, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Antonio Fontanellas
- Hepatology Program, CIMA Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Effects of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Cholesterol Metabolism in Women with High-Risk Pregnancies: Possible Implications for Neonatal Outcome. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100959. [PMID: 36295861 PMCID: PMC9607346 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders in pregnancy, particularly gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), are associated with an increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcome and long-term cardiometabolic health of mother and child. This study analyzed changes of serum cholesterol synthesis and absorption markers during the course of high-risk pregnancies, with respect to the development of GDM. Possible associations of maternal lipid biomarkers with neonatal characteristics were also investigated. The study included 63 women with high risk for development of pregnancy complications. Size and proportions of small low-density (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were assessed across trimesters (T1−T3), as well as concentrations of cholesterol synthesis (lathosterol, desmosterol) and absorption markers (campesterol, β-sitosterol). During the study, 15 women developed GDM, while 48 had no complications (non-GDM). As compared to the non-GDM group, women with GDM had significantly higher triglycerides in each trimester, while having a lower HDL-C level in T3. In addition, they had significantly lower levels of β-sitosterol in T3 (p < 0.05). Cholesterol synthesis markers increased across trimesters in both groups. A decrease in serum β-sitosterol levels during the course of pregnancies affected by GDM was observed. The prevalence of small-sized HDL decreased in non-GDM, while in the GDM group remained unchanged across trimesters. Newborn’s size in the non-GDM group was significantly higher (p < 0.01) and inversely associated with proportions of both small, dense LDL and HDL particles (p < 0.05) in maternal plasma in T1. In conclusion, high-risk pregnancies affected by GDM are characterized by altered cholesterol absorption and HDL maturation. Advanced lipid testing may indicate disturbed lipid homeostasis in GDM.
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Liu Q, Wu L, Wang L, Chen K, Wu Y, Xia J, Wang Y. Associations between maternal mid-pregnancy apolipoprotein A-1, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-1 ratio and preterm birth. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 536:12-17. [PMID: 36113556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Elevated lipid levels during pregnancy have been shown to be related to the risk of preterm birth. Despite the importance of apolipoprotein (Apo) in lipid metabolism and transportation, evidence regarding apolipoprotein levels during pregnancy and preterm birth is still limited. Therefore, we aim to investigate the associations between maternal ApoA-1, ApoB, ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio and preterm birth. MATERIALS AND METH Data were extracted from the information system of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital. Lipoprotein levels were tested using Beckman Coulter AU5800 in mid-pregnancy at a median gestational age of 18 w. Maternal serum ApoB, ApoA-1 and ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio were categorized into tertiles. Logistic regression models were performed to evaluate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for preterm birth. RESULTS A total of 5,986 maternal-newborn pairs were included in this study. The rate of preterm birth was 5.7% (n = 344). The multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CI) of preterm birth were 1.51 (1.06, 2.10) for individuals with high ApoB (>90th), 0.63 (0.38, 0.99) for those with low ApoB (<10th), and 1.64 (1.18, 2.24) for those with high ApoB/ApoA-1 (>90th). Subgroup analyses showed that the association of ApoB and preterm birth was only significant among women with pre-pregnancy BMI 18.5-24 kg/m2 (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.12-1.65), age at delivery ≥ 35 years (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.12-1.83). CONCLUSION Elevated maternal ApoB level and ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio during mid-pregnancy were related to increased risk of preterm birth. Monitoring maternal serum apolipoprotein levels may help to identify the high-risk population of preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Wu
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lulin Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuntao Wu
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianhong Xia
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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12
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Thomas SR, Zhang Y, Rye KA. The pleiotropic effects of high-density lipoproteins and apolipoprotein A-I. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 37:101689. [PMID: 36008277 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2022.101689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction of human plasma consists of multiple subpopulations of spherical particles that are structurally uniform, but heterogeneous in terms of size, composition and function. Numerous epidemiological studies have established that an elevated high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is associated with decreased cardiovascular risk. However, with several recent randomised clinical trials of HDL-C raising agents failing to reduce cardiovascular events, contemporary research is transitioning towards clinical development of the cardioprotective functions of HDLs and the identification of functions that can be exploited for treatment of other diseases. This review describes the origins of HDLs and the causes of their compositional and functional heterogeneity. It then summarises current knowledge of how cardioprotective and other functions of HDLs are regulated. The final section of the review summarises recent advances in the clinical development of HDL-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane R Thomas
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Yunjia Zhang
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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13
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Dong H, Zhang Y, Hu P, Wang J, Lu N. Serum apolipoprotein A1 rather than apolipoprotein B is associated with hypertension prevalence in Chinese people with coronary artery disease. Blood Press Monit 2022; 27:121-127. [PMID: 34873074 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies on the association of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) with hypertension (HTN) prevalence in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are limited. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate this association in Chinese people in Wuhan, China. METHODS Serum ApoA1 and ApoB levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry assay. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the associations of ApoA1 and ApoB level and ApoB/A1 ratio with HTN prevalence. RESULTS We included 5192 individuals (3060 men, mean age 61 years; 4412 HTN cases) in this study. After adjusting for covariates, serum ApoA1 but not ApoB level or ApoB/A1 ratio was inversely associated with HTN prevalence. HTN prevalence was reduced with the fifth versus first quintile of ApoA1 level [odds ratio = 0.78 (95% confidence interval 0.62-0.98)]. In stratified analyses based on sex, the probability of HTN with the fifth versus first ApoA1 level was 0.71 (0.53-0.96) for men. The probability of HTN with the fifth versus first quintile of ApoB/A1 ratio was 1.54 (1.11-2.13) after adjustment. With quintiles 2-5 versus of ApoB level, the probability of HTN did not differ in both men and women. On path analyses, the association of ApoA1 level and ApoB/A1 ratio with HTN was mediated by BMI (β coefficients: -0.179 to 0.133). CONCLUSION In general, high serum ApoA1 level may be associated with a reduced probability of HTN prevalence in patients with CAD in China, and this association may be mediated by BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Dong
- Department of Child Healthcare and Scientific Education Section, Affiliated Matern & Child Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Yaju Zhang
- Finance Section, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong
| | - Ping Hu
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan
| | - Jie Wang
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan
| | - Nan Lu
- Image Center, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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14
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Yu W, Zhou G, Fan B, Gao C, Li C, Wei M, Lv J, He L, Feng G, Zhang T. Temporal sequence of blood lipids and insulin resistance in perimenopausal women: the study of women's health across the nation. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2022; 10:10/2/e002653. [PMID: 35351687 PMCID: PMC8966521 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To explore the temporal relationship between blood lipids and insulin resistance in perimenopausal women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The longitudinal cohort consisted of 1386 women (mean age 46.4 years at baseline) in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify appropriate latent factors of lipids (total cholesterol (TC); triglyceride (TG); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C); lipoprotein A-I (LpA-I); apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I); apolipoprotein B (ApoB)). Cross-lagged path analysis was used to explore the temporal sequence of blood lipids and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS Three latent lipid factors were defined as: the TG factor, the cholesterol transport factor (CT), including TC, LDL-C, and ApoB; the reverse cholesterol transport factor (RCT), including HDL-C, LpA-I, and ApoA-I. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the three factors was 86.3%. The synchronous correlations between baseline TG, RCT, CT, and baseline HOMA-IR were 0.284, -0.174, and 0.112 (p<0.05 for all). After adjusting for age, race, smoking, drinking, body mass index, and follow-up years, the path coefficients of TG→HOMA-IR (0.073, p=0.004), and HOMA-IR→TG (0.057, p=0.006) suggested a bidirectional relationship between TG and HOMA-IR. The path coefficients of RCT→HOMA-IR (-0.091, P < 0.001) and HOMA-IR→RCT (-0.058, p=0.002) were also significant, but the path coefficients of CT→HOMA-IR (0.031, p=0.206) and HOMA-IR→CT (-0.028, p=0.113) were not. The sensitivity analyses showed consistent results. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence that TG and the reverse cholesterol transport-related lipids are related with insulin resistance bidirectionally, while there is no temporal relationship between the cholesterol transport factor and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guangshuai Zhou
- Department of Human Resources, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- Department of Biostatistics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chaonan Gao
- Department of Biostatistics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengke Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiali Lv
- Department of Biostatistics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Biostatistics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guoshuang Feng
- Big Data and Engineering Research Center, Beijing Children's Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Dong H, Ni W, Bai Y, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Sun Y, Xu J. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of apolipoprotein A1 and B with glycosylated hemoglobin in Chinese adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2751. [PMID: 35177752 PMCID: PMC8854380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06829-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoproteins exert a key role on glucose metabolism; however, scarce data have examined the relationship between apolipoproteins and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in Chinese adults. This study determined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of serum Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and the ApoB/A1 ratio with HbA1c in Chinese adults. A total of 1448 subjects (584 men and 864 women) aged 54.8 years were included in a baseline survey, and the concentrations of Apo and HbA1c were measured. A total of 826 participants were followed up approximately once after 3.94 ± 0.62 years. In cross-sectional analysis, serum ApoA1 was inversely associated with HbA1c, while ApoB and the ApoB/A1 ratio were positively associated with HbA1c. After further adjusting for the potential covariates, a higher ApoA1 was associated with lower HbA1c (Quartile 4 [Q4] vs. Q1 = 5.673% vs. 5.796%, P-trend = 0.014). In contrast, positive association of ApoB concentration and the ApoB/A1 ratio with HbA1c level were showed (Q4 vs. Q1 = 5.805% vs. 5.589% for ApoB; Q4 vs. Q1 = 5.841% vs. 5.582% for ApoB/A1 ratio). The longitudinal results showed no significant associations of ApoA1, ApoB levels and the ApoB/A1 ratio with HbA1c changes (all P-trends > 0.05). Path analysis suggested that body mass index did not have mediating effect on Apo-HbA1c association. Our findings revealed that higher ApoA1, lower ApoB concentrations and the ApoB/A1 ratio were associated with lower HbA1c level in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Dong
- grid.260483.b0000 0000 9530 8833Scientific Education Section and Department of Child Healthcare, Affiliated Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenqing Ni
- grid.508403.aDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yamin Bai
- grid.198530.60000 0000 8803 2373Center for Chronic and Non-Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Yuan
- grid.508403.aDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- grid.508403.aDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongmin Zhang
- grid.508403.aDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanying Sun
- grid.508403.aDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian Xu
- grid.508403.aDepartment of Elderly Health Management, Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Roles of maternal HDL during pregnancy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159106. [PMID: 34995789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High density lipoproteins (HDL) were first linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) over 30 years ago when an inverse relationship was shown between CVD and HDL-cholesterol levels. It is now apparent that HDL composition and function, not cholesterol levels, are the pertinent measurements describing HDL's role in various disease processes, especially those with subclinical or overt inflammation. SCOPE OF REVIEW Pregnancy is also an inflammatory state. When inflammation becomes excessive during pregnancy, there is an increased risk for adverse outcomes that affect the health of the mother and fetus, including preterm birth and preeclampsia. Though studies on HDL during pregnancy are limited, recent evidence demonstrates that HDL composition and function change during pregnancy and in women with adverse outcomes. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE In this review, we will discuss how HDL may play a role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy and how impairments in function could lead to pregnancies with adverse outcomes.
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17
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HDL and Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1377:119-127. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-1592-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Cochran BJ, Ong KL, Manandhar B, Rye KA. High Density Lipoproteins and Diabetes. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040850. [PMID: 33918571 PMCID: PMC8069617 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established that a high plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk. However, recent randomised clinical trials of interventions that increase HDL-C levels have failed to establish a causal basis for this relationship. This has led to a shift in HDL research efforts towards developing strategies that improve the cardioprotective functions of HDLs, rather than simply increasing HDL-C levels. These efforts are also leading to the discovery of novel HDL functions that are unrelated to cardiovascular disease. One of the most recently identified functions of HDLs is their potent antidiabetic properties. The antidiabetic functions of HDLs, and recent key advances in this area are the subject of this review. Given that all forms of diabetes are increasing at an alarming rate globally, there is a clear unmet need to identify and develop new approaches that will complement existing therapies and reduce disease progression as well as reverse established disease. Exploration of a potential role for HDLs and their constituent lipids and apolipoproteins in this area is clearly warranted. This review highlights focus areas that have yet to be investigated and potential strategies for exploiting the antidiabetic functions of HDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9385-1219; Fax: +61-2-9385-1389
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19
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Gao L, Zhang Y, Wang X, Dong H. Association of apolipoproteins A1 and B with type 2 diabetes and fasting blood glucose: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:59. [PMID: 33794863 PMCID: PMC8017773 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00726-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein (Apo) may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), however, little is known whether or not serum apolipoproteins are correlated with fasting blood glucose (FBG) and the prevalence of T2D in Chinese populations. In this study, we examined the association of serum ApoA1, ApoB, and the ratio of ApoB/ApoA1 (ApoB/A1 ratio) with T2D and FBG level, and compared apolipoprotein indicators in predicting T2D in Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 1027 subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The association of ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/A1 ratio with T2D prevalence was determined using logistic regression models. Multivariate-analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed for comparisons of the mean difference in FBG level. RESULTS We found that ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio were positively associated with T2D prevalence and FBG, while inverse association was noted between ApoA1 and T2D prevalence as well as FBG. Stratified analyses for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and alcohol consumption showed no significant difference for the association of ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/A1 ratio with the prevalence of T2D among subgroups (all p-interactions> 0.05). Nonetheless, ApoA1 poorly performed in predicting T2D as it provided an AUC value of 0.310 that was significantly lower than those observed for ApoB (AUC value: 0.631) and ApoB/A1 ratio (AUC value: 0.685). Finally, path analyses indicated that the association between ApoB and T2D was mediated by BMI. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the association of serum ApoA1, ApoB, and ApoB/A1 ratio with T2D and FBG in Chinese adults, suggesting that ApoB and ApoB/A1 ratio may be early indicators for predicting T2D. Prospective investigation in large cohort is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226018, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yaju Zhang
- Finance Section, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226018, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingmin Wang
- Nantong Institute of Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226018, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Hongli Dong
- Scientific Education Section, Affiliated Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226018, Jiangsu Province, China.
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20
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Ardaiz N, Gomar C, Vasquez M, Tenesaca S, Fernandez-Sendin M, Di Trani CA, Belsué V, Escalada J, Werner U, Tennagels N, Berraondo P. Insulin Fused to Apolipoprotein A-I Reduces Body Weight and Steatosis in DB/DB Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:591293. [PMID: 33679386 PMCID: PMC7934061 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.591293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Targeting long-lasting insulins to the liver may improve metabolic alterations that are not corrected with current insulin replacement therapies. However, insulin is only able to promote lipogenesis but not to block gluconeogenesis in the insulin-resistant liver, exacerbating liver steatosis associated with diabetes. Methods: In order to overcome this limitation, we fused a single-chain insulin to apolipoprotein A-I, and we evaluated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of this novel fusion protein in wild type mice and in db/db mice using both recombinant proteins and recombinant adenoassociated virus (AAV). Results: Here, we report that the fusion protein between single-chain insulin and apolipoprotein A-I prolonged the insulin half-life in circulation, and accumulated in the liver. We analyzed the long-term effect of these insulin fused to apolipoprotein A-I or insulin fused to albumin using AAVs in the db/db mouse model of diabetes, obesity, and liver steatosis. While AAV encoding insulin fused to albumin exacerbated liver steatosis in several mice, AAV encoding insulin fused to apolipoprotein A-I reduced liver steatosis. These results were confirmed upon daily subcutaneous administration of the recombinant insulin-apolipoprotein A-I fusion protein for six weeks. The reduced liver steatosis was associated with reduced body weight in mice treated with insulin fused to apolipoprotein A-I. Recombinant apolipoprotein A-I alone significantly reduces body weight and liver weight, indicating that the apolipoprotein A-I moiety is the main driver of these effects. Conclusion: The fusion protein of insulin and apolipoprotein A-I could be a promising insulin derivative for the treatment of diabetic patients with associated fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Ardaiz
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celia Gomar
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marcos Vasquez
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Shirley Tenesaca
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Myriam Fernandez-Sendin
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Claudia Augusta Di Trani
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Virginia Belsué
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Escalada
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ulrich Werner
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, TA Diabetes, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Norbert Tennagels
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, TA Diabetes, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Program of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
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21
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Seminal Plasma Induces Overexpression of Genes Associated with Embryo Development and Implantation in Day-6 Porcine Blastocysts. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103662. [PMID: 32455957 PMCID: PMC7279338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The infusion of boar seminal plasma (SP) before artificial insemination (AI) positively alters the expression of endometrial genes and pathways involved in embryo development. This study aimed to determine which transcriptome changes occur in preimplantation embryos in response to SP infusions during estrus. Postweaning estrus sows received 40-mL intrauterine infusions of either SP (N = 6) or BTS extender (control group; N = 6) 30 min before each of two post-cervical AIs. On Day 6, embryos were surgically collected and analyzed for differential gene expression. Microarray analysis of embryos revealed 210 annotated genes, differentially expressed (p-value < 0.05 and fold change </> 2) in SP-blastocysts, compared to controls. Most of these genes were associated with biological, cellular, metabolic and developmental processes. The pathways enriched among the upregulated genes related to signal transduction, cellular processes and the endocrine system. Among altered genes involved in these pathways, the SP-group showed a conspicuous overexpression of ApoA-I, CDK1, MAPK1, SMAD2, PRKAA1 and RICTOR, with reported key roles in embryo development, implantation, or progression of pregnancy. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that SP infusions prior to AI upregulates the expression of embryo development related genes in Day 6 pig embryos.
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22
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Manandhar B, Cochran BJ, Rye KA. Role of High-Density Lipoproteins in Cholesterol Homeostasis and Glycemic Control. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 9:e013531. [PMID: 31888429 PMCID: PMC6988162 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bikash Manandhar
- Lipid Research Group School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Blake J Cochran
- Lipid Research Group School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
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[Influence of rs670 variant of APOA1 gene on serum HDL response to an enriched-polyunsaturated vs. an enriched-monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet]. NUTR HOSP 2019; 36:1288-1295. [PMID: 31682461 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Background and objectives: genetic variants of the APOA1 gene have been related to lipid profile in obese subjects. Our aim was to analyze the effects of the rs670 APOA1 gene polymorphism on metabolic changes secondary to an enriched-polyunsaturated fat vs. an enriched-monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet. Methods: 360 Caucasian obese subjects were randomly allocated to two groups. One group received an enriched-polyunsaturated fat (diet P) and the other an enriched-monounsaturated fat hypocaloric diet (diet M) during 12 weeks. The effects on serum biomarkers related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism were evaluated before and after the dietary intervention. Results: after both diets, body mass index, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, plasma leptin concentration, and waist circumference decreased in all patients. After 12 weeks of intervention with diet P, plasma insulin levels and HOMA-IR decreased in A-allele carriers: delta: -7.3 ± 2.2 IU/L (p = 0.01), and delta: -2.8 ± 0.5 units (p = 0.02), respectively. The same changes in delta were observed after diet M in A-allele carriers: insulin delta: -5.9 ± 1.2 IU/L (p = 0.01), and HOMA-IR delta: -2.1 ± 0.8 units (p = 0.02). In A-allele carriers, LDL-cholesterol decreased and HDL-cholesterol increased after the dietary intervention with diet P: delta: -12.1 ± 4.3 mg/dL (p = 0.01), and delta: 2.6 ± 0.7 mg/dL (p = 0.01), respectively. No differences in lipid profile were observed after diet M. These improvements were not observed in non-A-allele carriers after both interventions. Conclusions: our study showed the association of the rs670 ApoA1 polymorphism with insulin resistance changes as induced by both diets. An enriched-polyunsaturated fat diet produced an additional improvement of HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in A-allele carriers.
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Retnakaran R, Ye C, Connelly PW, Hanley AJ, Sermer M, Zinman B. Serum apoA1 (Apolipoprotein A-1), Insulin Resistance, and the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Human Pregnancy-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:2192-2197. [PMID: 31412738 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE apoA1 (apolipoprotein A-1) is the main lipoprotein associated with HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. It was recently reported that intravenous infusion of apoA1 could lower insulin resistance in pregnant rats, leading to the suggestion that apoA1 could provide a target for reducing pregnancy-induced insulin resistance and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in humans. However, the effects of apoA1 on insulin resistance and risk of GDM in human pregnancy are not known. Thus, we sought to systematically evaluate the relationships of apoA1 with glucose homeostasis and metabolic function in pregnant women. Approach and Results: In this study, 870 pregnant women were recruited in late second trimester and underwent metabolic characterization, including an oral glucose tolerance test on which 214 were diagnosed with GDM. Metabolic characterization included assessment of glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity/resistance (Matsuda index, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance), pancreatic β-cell function, lipids (LDL [low-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, apoB [apolipoprotein B], and apoA1), CRP (C-reactive protein), and adiponectin. Serum apoA1 was strongly correlated with HDL (r=0.79, P<0.0001) and weakly so with adiponectin (r=0.12, P=0.0004) but showed no association with measures of insulin sensitivity/resistance, β-cell function, glycemia, or CRP. There were no significant differences across apoA1 tertiles in mean adjusted Matsuda index (P=0.24), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (P=0.08), or area under the glucose curve on the oral glucose tolerance test (P=0.96). Moreover, there were no differences in risk of GDM across tertiles of apoA1, both before (P=0.67) and after covariate adjustment (P=0.78). CONCLUSIONS Serum apoA1 is not associated with insulin resistance or the risk of GDM in human pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Retnakaran
- From the Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes (R.R., C.Y., A.J.H., B.Z.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (R.R., A.J.H., B.Z.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology (R.R., P.W.C., B.Z.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Chang Ye
- From the Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes (R.R., C.Y., A.J.H., B.Z.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Philip W Connelly
- Division of Endocrinology (R.R., P.W.C., B.Z.), University of Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (P.W.C.), University of Toronto, Canada.,Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada (P.W.C.)
| | - Anthony J Hanley
- From the Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes (R.R., C.Y., A.J.H., B.Z.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (R.R., A.J.H., B.Z.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Nutritional Sciences (A.J.H.), University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Mathew Sermer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.S.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Bernard Zinman
- From the Leadership Sinai Centre for Diabetes (R.R., C.Y., A.J.H., B.Z.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (R.R., A.J.H., B.Z.), Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Division of Endocrinology (R.R., P.W.C., B.Z.), University of Toronto, Canada
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