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Chen T, Shi Z, Qian C. Influence of Metabolic Syndrome on the Long-Term Prognosis of Patients with Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:435-444. [PMID: 38056496 DOI: 10.1055/a-2196-3764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The influence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on long-term prognosis of patients with myocardial infarction (MI), the most severe type of coronary artery disease, remains not fully determined. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the association between MetS and long-term clinical outcomes of patients with MI. A systematic search of Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception to June 25, 2023, was conducted to obtain eligible studies. Only studies with follow-up duration for at least one year were considered. A random-effects model was utilized to pool the results, accounting for heterogeneity. Ten observational studies were included, which included 33 197 patients with MI. Among them, 17 244 (51.9%) were with MetS at baseline. During a follow-up duration of 12 to 48 months (mean: 22.5 months), patients with MetS were associated with higher incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events [risk ratio (RR): 1.35. 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19 to 1.54, p<0.001; I2=64%] and all-cause deaths (RR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.52, p<0.001; I2=23%), as compared to those without MetS at baseline. Subgroup analyses showed that the results were not significantly affected by study characteristics such as study country, design, type of MI, mean age of the patients, treatment with percutaneous coronary intervention, follow-up durations, or study quality scores (p for subgroup difference all>0.05). In patients with MI, MetS may be a risk factor of poor long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, China
| | - Zhewei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, China
| | - Caizhen Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, China
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Raja V, Aguiar C, Alsayed N, Chibber YS, ElBadawi H, Ezhov M, Hermans MP, Pandey RC, Ray KK, Tokgözoglu L, Zambon A, Berrou JP, Farnier M. Non-HDL-cholesterol in dyslipidemia: Review of the state-of-the-art literature and outlook. Atherosclerosis 2023; 383:117312. [PMID: 37826864 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia refers to unhealthy changes in blood lipid composition and is a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). Usually, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary goal for dyslipidemia management. However, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) has gained attention as an alternative, reliable goal. It encompasses all plasma lipoproteins like LDL, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), TRL-remnants, and lipoprotein a [Lp(a)] except high-density lipoproteins (HDL). In addition to LDL-C, several other constituents of non-HDL-C have been reported to be atherogenic, aiding the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. They are acknowledged as contributors to residual ASCVD risk that exists in patients on statin therapy with controlled LDL-C levels. Therefore, non-HDL-C is now considered an independent risk factor or predictor for CVD. The popularity of non-HDL-C is attributed to its ease of estimation and non-dependency on fasting status. It is also better at predicting ASCVD risk in patients on statin therapy, and/or in those with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic disorders. In addition, large follow-up studies have reported that individuals with higher baseline non-HDL-C at a younger age (<45 years) were more prone to adverse CVD events at an older age, suggesting a predictive ability of non-HDL-C over the long term. Consequently, non-HDL-C is recommended as a secondary goal for dyslipidemia management by most international guidelines. Intriguingly, geographical patterns in recent epidemiological studies showed remarkably high non-HDL-C attributable mortality in high-risk countries. This review highlights the independent role of non-HDL-C in ASCVD pathogenesis and prognosis. In addition, the need for a country-specific approach to dyslipidemia management at the community/population level is discussed. Overall, non-HDL-C can become a co-primary or primary goal in dyslipidemia management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrama Raja
- Abbott Products Operations AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Aguiar
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Hussein ElBadawi
- Internal Medicine Department, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Metabolic Unit, My Clinic International, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marat Ezhov
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology n.a. ac. E.I. Chazov, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Kausik K Ray
- Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Imperial College London, UK
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Na L, Cui W, Li X, Chang J, Xue X. Effect of hypertriglyceridemia on left ventricular global longitudinal strain in patients with coronary heart disease in Jilin Province, China: a cross-sectional study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1193971. [PMID: 37441700 PMCID: PMC10333578 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1193971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Using speckle tracking technology to investigate the effect of hypertriglyceridemia on the global longitudinal strain(GLS) of the left ventricle in patients with coronary heart disease in the early stage, and to explore the value of myocardial strain in early identification of cardiac dysfunction in patients with coronary heart disease in the pre-heart failure stage. Methods A cross-sectional study of 138 participants was conducted in Jilin Province, China. Basic clinical, biochemical, and echocardiographic data were obtained for all patients. Myocardial strain parameters were compared between the hypertriglyceridemia and normal triglyceride level groups and the effect of hypertriglyceridemia on early left ventricular global longitudinal strain impairment in coronary heart disease patients was evaluated. Results The overall longitudinal strain of the left ventricle was smaller in the hypertriglyceridemia group than in the normal triglyceride group. After the multivariate Logistic regression model adjusting for the influence of confounding factors, the results remained stable. Conclusions The risk of impairment of global longitudinal strain of the left ventricle in patients with coronary heart disease is positively correlated with triglyceride levels, and hypertriglyceridemia maybe an independent risk factor affecting early cardiac dysfunction in the pre-heart failure stage of patients with coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Na
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Wenjing Cui
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Xinqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Jing Chang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
| | - Xin Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, China
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Rong J, He T, Zhang J, Bai Z, Shi B. Serum lipidomics reveals phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine disorders in patients with myocardial infarction and post-myocardial infarction-heart failure. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:66. [PMID: 37210547 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01832-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) and post-MI-heart failure (pMIHF) are a major cause of death worldwide, however, the underlying mechanisms of pMIHF from MI are not well understood. This study sought to characterize early lipid biomarkers for the development of pMIHF disease. METHODS Serum samples from 18 MI and 24 pMIHF patients were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University and analyzed using lipidomics with Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Q-Exactive High Resolution Mass Spectrometer. The serum samples were tested by the official partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to find the differential expression of metabolites between the two groups. Furthermore, the metabolic biomarkers of pMIHF were screened using the subject operating characteristic (ROC) curve and correlation analysis. RESULTS The average age of the 18 MI and 24 pMIHF participants was 57.83 ± 9.28 and 64.38 ± 10.89 years, respectively. The B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level was 328.5 ± 299.842 and 3535.96 ± 3025 pg/mL, total cholesterol(TC) was 5.59 ± 1.51 and 4.69 ± 1.13 mmol/L, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was 5.24 ± 2.15 and 7.20 ± 3.49 mmol/L, respectively. In addition, 88 lipids, including 76 (86.36%) down-regulated lipids, were identified between the patients with MI and pMIHF. ROC analysis showed that phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (12:1e_22:0) (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.9306) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) (22:4_14:1) (AUC = 0.8380) could be potential biomarkers for the development of pMIHF. Correlation analysis showed that PE (12:1e_22:0) was inversely correlated with BNP and BUN, but positively correlated with TC. In contrast, PC (22:4_14:1) was positively associated with both BNP and BUN, and was negatively associated with TC. CONCLUSIONS Several lipid biomarkers were identified that could potentially be used to predict and diagnose patients with pMIHF. PE (12:1e_22:0) and PC (22:4_14:1) could sufficiently differentiate between patients with MI and pMIHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tianmu He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- College of pharmacy, Zunyi medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhixun Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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Hao Q, Yuanyuan Z, Lijuan C. The Prognostic Value of the Triglyceride Glucose Index in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2023; 28:10742484231181846. [PMID: 37335126 DOI: 10.1177/10742484231181846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a simple and reliable surrogate for insulin resistance. Recent studies have suggested that the TyG index is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease. However, the prognostic value of the TyG index in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains uncertain. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the TyG index in patients with AMI. Methods: AMI patients admitted to Zhongda Hospital from 2018 to 2020 were successively enrolled. After screening the inclusion criteria, 1144 patients were divided into three groups according to the tertiles of the TyG index distribution. Patients were followed up for 1 year as outpatients or contacted via telephone, and the occurrence and timing of all-cause deaths were recorded. Results: The TyG index was significantly correlated with heart failure (HF) in AMI patients. Patients with a high TyG index (group 3) (odds ratio: 9.070, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.359-18.875, P<.001) had a significantly higher incidence of HF compared with patients with median TyG index (group 2). Similarly, the incidence of all-cause death in group 3 was significantly higher than that in group 2 during the 1-year follow-up (hazard ratio: 2.996, 95% CI 1.058-8.487, P = .039). Conclusion: The TyG index is closely related to HF and may be a valuable indicator to predict the long-term prognosis of patients with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Yuanyuan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Lijuan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Mănescu IB, Pál K, Lupu S, Dobreanu M. Conventional Biomarkers for Predicting Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Heart Disease. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12122112. [PMID: 36556477 PMCID: PMC9781565 DOI: 10.3390/life12122112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide. The progression of coronary atherosclerosis leads to coronary artery disease, with impaired blood flow to the myocardium and subsequent development of myocardial ischemia. Acute coronary syndromes and post-myocardial infarction heart failure are two of the most common complications of coronary artery disease and are associated with worse outcomes. In order to improve the management of patients with coronary artery disease and avoid major cardiovascular events, several risk assessment tools have been developed. Blood and imaging biomarkers, as well as clinical risk scores, are now available and validated for clinical practice, but research continues. The purpose of the current paper is to provide a review of recent findings regarding the use of humoral biomarkers for risk assessment in patients with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion-Bogdan Mănescu
- Clinical Laboratory, County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Krisztina Pál
- Clinical Laboratory, County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Silvia Lupu
- Internal Medicine V, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Transplant of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Minodora Dobreanu
- Clinical Laboratory, County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Targu Mures, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
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Umishio W, Ikaga T, Kario K, Fujino Y, Suzuki M, Hoshi T, Ando S, Yoshimura T, Yoshino H, Murakami S. Association between Indoor Temperature in Winter and Serum Cholesterol: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Smart Wellness Housing Survey in Japan. J Atheroscler Thromb 2022; 29:1791-1807. [PMID: 35570002 PMCID: PMC9881535 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Issuance of the WHO Housing and health guidelines has paralleled growing interest in the housing environment. Despite accumulating evidence of an association between outdoor temperature and serum cholesterol, indoor temperature has not been well investigated. This study examined the association between indoor temperature and serum cholesterol. METHODS We collected valid health checkup data of 2004 participants (1333 households), measured the indoor temperature for 2 weeks in winter, and divided participants according to whether they lived in a warm (average bedroom temperature ≥ 18℃), slightly cold (12-18℃) or cold house (<12˚C). The relationship between bedroom temperature and serum cholesterol was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusting for demographics, lifestyle habits and the season in which the health checkup was conducted, with a random effect of climate areas in Japan. RESULTS The sample sizes for warm, slightly cold, and cold houses were 206, 940, and 858, respectively. Compared to those in warm houses, the odds ratio of total cholesterol exceeding 220 mg/dL was 1.83 (95%CI: 1.23-2.71, p=0.003) for participants in slightly cold houses and 1.87 (95%CI: 1.25-2.80, p=0.002) in cold houses. Similarly, the odds ratio of LDL/non-HDL cholesterol exceeding the standard range was 1.49 (p=0.056)/1.67 (p=0.035) for those in slightly cold houses and 1.64 (p=0.020)/1.77 (p=0.021) in cold houses. HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were not significantly associated with bedroom temperature. CONCLUSION Besides lifestyle modification, improving indoor thermal environment through strategies such as installing high thermal insulation and appropriate use of heating devices may contribute to better serum cholesterol condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Umishio
- Department of Architecture and Building Engineering, School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan,Department of System Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ikaga
- Department of System Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Department of Cardiology, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Suzuki
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Shintaro Ando
- Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Shuzo Murakami
- Institute for Built Environment and Carbon Neutral for SDGs, Tokyo, Japan
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Salyamova LI, Khromova AA, Kvasova OG, Korenkova KN, Polezhaeva KN, Donetskaya NA, Pavlenko KI. Pleiotropic vasoprotective effects of high-dose atorvastatin therapy in the context of achieving the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients after myocardial infarction. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To study the lipid-lowering and pleiotropic vasoprotective effects of atorvastatin depending on the achievement of the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level in patients after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) within 48-week follow-up period.Material and methods. A total of 125 patients with STEMI, randomized to receive atorvastatin 40 or 80 mg per day for 48 weeks, were examined. On days 7-9, after 24, 48 weeks, we performed biochemical blood tests, echocardiography, as well as assessed the carotid arteries and endothelial function. The subjects were divided into the following groups: high-efficiency therapy (HET) — 41 patients who reached target LDL-C at control visits; moderate-efficiency therapy (MET) — 35 patients who achieved target LDL-C at one visit; low-efficiency therapy effective (LET) — 49 people who did not reach the target LDL-C. Differences were considered significant at p<0,05.Results. A decrease in detection rate of an elevated brain natriuretic peptide was found in HET group from 41,5 to 17% (p<0,01) and in MET group from 48,6 to 23% (p<0,01), while no changes in the LET were revealed. The glomerular filtration rate in the LET group decreased by 8% (p<0,01). In the HET group, a decrease in arterial elastance by 9,4%, intima-media thickness by 9,9%, a decrease in the frequency of a negative response and an increase in a positive response (p<0,05) were revealed.Conclusion. The results demonstrate the importance of achieving target LDL-C for the most favorable dynamics of brain natriuretic peptide, structural and functional characteristics of the arterial system.
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Lee SH, Jeong MH, Ahn JH, Hyun DY, Cho KH, Kim MC, Sim DS, Hong YJ, Kim JH, Ahn Y, Hwang JY, Kim W, Park JS, Yoon CH, Hur SH, Lee SR, Cha KS, Investigators OBOTKAMIR(KAMIRNIH. Predictors of recurrent acute myocardial infarction despite successful percutaneous coronary intervention. Korean J Intern Med 2022; 37:777-785. [PMID: 35811366 PMCID: PMC9271730 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2021.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Recurrent acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is an adverse cardiac event in patients with a first AMI. The predictors of recurrent AMI after the first AMI in patients who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been elucidated. METHODS We analyzed the data collected from 9,869 patients (63.2 ± 12.4 years, men:women = 7,446:2,423) who were enrolled in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health between November 2011 and October 2015, had suffered their first AMI and had received successful PCI during the index hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent predictors of recurrent AMI following the first AMI. RESULTS The cumulative incidence of recurrent AMI after successful PCI was 3.6% (359/9,869). According to the multivariable logistic regression analysis, the significant predictive factors for recurrent AMI were diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, atypical chest pain, and multivessel disease. CONCLUSION In this Korean prospective cohort study, the independent predictors of recurrent AMI after successful PCI for the first AMI were diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction, atypical chest pain, and multivessel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Joon Ho Ahn
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Dae Young Hyun
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Cho
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Min Chul Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Doo Sun Sim
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Young Joon Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Ju Han Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Youngkeun Ahn
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju,
Korea
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju,
Korea
| | - Jin Yong Hwang
- Department of Cardiology, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju,
Korea
| | - Weon Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Jong Seon Park
- Department of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Yoon
- Department of Cardiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam,
Korea
| | - Seung Ho Hur
- Department of Cardiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu,
Korea
| | - Sang Rok Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju,
Korea
| | - Kwang Soo Cha
- Department of Cardiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan,
Korea
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10
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Kanno K, Koseki M, Chang J, Saga A, Inui H, Okada T, Tanaka K, Asaji M, Zhu Y, Ide S, Saito S, Higo T, Okuzaki D, Ohama T, Nishida M, Kamada Y, Ono M, Saibara T, Yamashita S, Sakata Y. Pemafibrate suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver and heart in a novel mouse model of steatohepatitis-related cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2996. [PMID: 35194060 PMCID: PMC8863801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have been reported to have cardiac dysfunction, and appropriate model has not been reported. We established a novel mouse model of diet-induced steatohepatitis-related cardiomyopathy and evaluated the effect of pemafibrate. C57Bl/6 male mice were fed a (1) chow diet (C), (2) high-fat, high-cholesterol, high-sucrose, bile acid diet (NASH diet; N), or (3) N with pemafibrate 0.1 mg/kg (NP) for 8 weeks. In the liver, macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in the liver was observed in the N group compared to the C group, suggesting steatohepatitis. Free cholesterol accumulated, and cholesterol crystals were observed. In the heart, free cholesterol similarly accumulated and concentric hypertrophy was observed. Ultrahigh magnetic field magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was attenuated and LV strain was focally impaired. RNA sequencing demonstrated that the NOD-like receptor and PI3 kinase-Akt pathways were enhanced. mRNA and protein expression of inflammasome-related genes, such as Caspase-1, NLRP3, and IL-1β, were upregulated in both the liver and heart. In the NP compared to the N group, steatohepatitis, hepatic steatosis, and cardiac dysfunction were suppressed. Sequential administration of pemafibrate after the development of steatohepatitis-related cardiomyopathy recovered hepatic fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Kanno
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Koseki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Jiuyang Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ayami Saga
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Inui
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Okada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Katsunao Tanaka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masumi Asaji
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yinghong Zhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiko Ide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Health Care Division, Health and Counselling Centre, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Saito
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Higo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Centre, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Ohama
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Dental Anaesthesiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Nishida
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Health Care Division, Health and Counselling Centre, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Advanced Metabolic Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ono
- Division of Innovative Medicine for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiji Saibara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Department of Cardiology, Rinku General Medical Centre, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2-B5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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11
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Gao H, Shen A, Chen H, Li H. Body Mass Index and Long-Term Follow-Up Outcomes in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction by the Median of Non-HDL Cholesterol: Results From an Observational Cohort Study in China. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:750670. [PMID: 34869654 PMCID: PMC8634779 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.750670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between obesity, non-HDL cholesterol, and clinical outcomes in subjects with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is incompletely understood. The aim of this investigation was to explore the association between body mass index (BMI), non-high density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol, and long-term follow-up prognosis. Methods: This present study used data obtained by the Cardiovascular Center of Beijing Friendship Hospital Database Bank. We identified 3,780 consecutive AMI populations aged 25–93 years from 2013 to 2020. Participants were categorized as normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI <22.9 kg/m2), overweight (23.0 ≤ BMI <24.9 kg/m2), obese class I (25.0 ≤ BMI <29.9 kg/m2), and obese class II (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2). The endpoint of interest was cardiovascular (CV) death, all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, unplanned revascularization, and cardiac hospitalization. Results:Participants with higher BMI were younger and more likely to be males compared with lower BMI groups. Elevated non-HDL cholesterol was present in 8.7, 11.0, 24.3, and 5.9% of the normal, overweight, obese class I, and obese class II groups, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, compared to normal-weight participants with decreased non-HDL cholesterol (reference group), obese participants with and without elevated non-HDL cholesterol had a lower risk of mortality (with obese class I and elevated non-HDL cholesterol: hazard ratio [HR] 0.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28–0.67; with obese class I and decreased non-HDL cholesterol: HR, 0.68, 95% CI, 0.47–0.98; with obese class II and elevated non-HDL cholesterol: HR, 0.42, 95% CI, 0.20–0.87; with obese class II and decreased non-HDL cholesterol: HR, 0.35, 95% CI, 0.16–0.72). Conclusion: In AMI participants performing with PCI, obesity had a better long-term prognosis which probably unaffected by the level of non-HDL cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Aidong Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Internal Medical, Medical Health Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
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12
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Li J, Zhou L, Ouyang X, He P. Transcription Factor-7-Like-2 (TCF7L2) in Atherosclerosis: A Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:701279. [PMID: 34568447 PMCID: PMC8459927 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.701279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor-7-like-2 (TCF7L2), a vital member of the T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF) family, plays an important role in normal human physiological and pathological processes. TCF7L2 exhibits multiple anti-atherosclerotic effects through the activation of specific molecular mechanisms, including regulation of metabolic homeostasis, macrophage polarization, and neointimal hyperplasia. A single-nucleotide substitution of TCF7L2, rs7903146, is a genetic high-risk factor for type 2 diabetes and indicates susceptibility to cardiovascular disease as a link between metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize the anti-atherosclerosis effect and novel mechanisms underlying the function of TCF7L2 to elucidate its potential as an anti-atherosclerosis biomarker and provide a novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Southwest University Public Health Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinping Ouyang
- Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Department of Physiology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, The Neuroscience Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Pingping He
- School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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13
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Viktorinova A, Malickova D, Svitekova K, Choudhury S, Krizko M. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-to-apolipoprotein B ratio as a potential indicator of LDL particle size and plasma atherogenicity in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 176:108858. [PMID: 34015391 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Atherogenic dyslipidemia, associated with small, dense low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (S-LDL) particles and impaired metabolism of triglycerides (TGs) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), leads to the development of atherosclerosis-related complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Based on the hypothesis that an LDL-c-to-apolipoprotein B ratio (LDL/ApoB) < 1.2 may predict the prevalence of S-LDL, this study aimed to evaluate the LDL/ApoB ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes with moderately elevated TG levels. METHODS The study population consisted of 121 outpatients with type 2 diabetes (S-LDL group, LDL/ApoB < 1.2, n = 79; L-LDL group, LDL/ApoB > 1.2, n = 42) and 58 healthy subjects. The LDL/ApoB ratio was calculated from the measured LDL-c and ApoB levels in participants with TG levels lower than 4.5 mmol/L. Since TGs and HDL-c are included in the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), we evaluated the relationship between LDL/ApoB and the AIP. RESULTS Higher levels of AIP, TG (both P < 0.0001), and lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) (P < 0.001) and lower levels of HDL-c, total cholesterol, and non-HDL-c (P < 0.001, <0.01, <0.05, respectively) were found in the S-LDL group compared to the L-LDL group. There were significant relationships between the LDL/ApoB ratio and the AIP, TG (both P < 0.0001), LOOH (P < 0.0005), and HDL-c levels (P < 0.05) in the S-LDL group. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of S-LDL particles (65%) and the close association of LDL/ApoB with the AIP suggest that this ratio may be a potential indicator of increased cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Viktorinova
- Institute of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Danica Malickova
- University Hospital - St. Michael's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Klara Svitekova
- National Blood Transfusion Service of Slovak Republic, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sawkat Choudhury
- National Blood Transfusion Service of Slovak Republic, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marian Krizko
- University Hospital - St. Michael's Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
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14
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Padro T, Muñoz-Garcia N, Badimon L. The role of triglycerides in the origin and progression of atherosclerosis. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2021; 33 Suppl 2:20-28. [PMID: 34006350 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridaemia has been associated with cardiovascular disease risk in humans for several decades. However, only recently, data from basic research, as well as from genetic and observational studies, have suggested triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) as causal factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Novel findings highlighting the relevance of TRL-derived lipolytic products (remnant lipoprotein particles "RLPs"), rather than plasma triglycerides or TRL themselves, as the true mediators in atherosclerosis, have contributed to explain a causal relationship through a number of direct and indirect mechanisms. Thus, experimental studies in animal models and in vitro cell culture methods reveal that RLPs, having sizes below 70-80nm, enter the arterial wall and accumulate within the sub-endothelial space. They then become involved in the cholesterol deposition of cholesterol in the intima in addition to several pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic pathways. In this review, a summary is presented of current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms by which TRLs and their lipolytic derived RLP induce the formation and progression of atherosclerotic lesions, and actively contribute to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Padro
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Research Institute Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERCV Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Natalia Muñoz-Garcia
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Research Institute Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular-Program ICCC, Research Institute Hospital Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERCV Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular Research Chair, UAB, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Dai L, Xu J, Zhang Y, Wang A, Chen Z, Mo J, Li H, Meng X, Wu S, Wang Y. Cumulative burden of lipid profiles predict future incidence of ischaemic stroke and residual risk. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2021; 6:581-588. [PMID: 33827914 PMCID: PMC8717800 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2020-000726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Incident ischaemic stroke (IS) risk may increase not only with lipids concentration but also with longer duration of exposure. This study aimed to investigate the impact of cumulative burden of lipid profiles on risk of incident IS. Methods A total of 43 836 participants were enrolled who participated in four surveys during 2006–2013. Individual cumulative lipid burden was calculated as number of years (2006–2013) multiplied by the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C and triglyceride (TG), respectively. The primary outcome was defined as the incident IS during 2012–2017. Results During 4.67 years (±0.70 years) follow-up on average, we identified 1023 (2.33%) incident IS. Compared with respective reference groups, the HRs (95% CIs) of the upper tertile in cumulative TG burden, cumulative LDL-C burden, cumulative TC burden and cumulative non-HDL-C burden were 1.26 mmol/L (1.02–1.55 mmol/L), 1.47 mmol/L (1.25–1.73 mmol/L), 1.33 mmol/L (1.12–1.57 mmol/L) and 1.51 mmol/L (1.28–1.80 mmol/L) for incidence of IS, respectively. However, this association was not significant in cumulative HDL-C burden and IS (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.52), after adjustment for confounding variables. Among 16 600 participants with low cumulative LDL-C burden, HRs (95% CI) for TC, TG, non-HDL-C and HDL-C with IS were 1.63 mmol/L (1.03–2.57 mmol/L), 1.65 mmol/L (1.19–2.31 mmol/L), 1.57 mmol/L (1.06–2.32 mmol/L) and 0.98 mmol/L (0.56–1.72 mmol/L), respectively. Conclusions We observed the correlation between cumulative burden of lipid profiles, except for cumulative burden of HDL-C, with the risk of incident IS. Cumulative burden of TC, TG and non-HDL-C may still predict IS in patients with low cumulative LDL-C burden. Trial registration number ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liye Dai
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Anxin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zimo Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglin Mo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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16
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Sekimoto T, Koba S, Mori H, Sakai R, Arai T, Yokota Y, Sato S, Tanaka H, Masaki R, Oishi Y, Ogura K, Arai K, Nomura K, Kosaki R, Sakai K, Tsujita H, Kondo S, Tsukamoto S, Tsunoda F, Shoji M, Matsumoto H, Hamazaki Y, Shinke T. Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: A Residual Risk for Rapid Progression of Non-Culprit Coronary Lesion in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Atheroscler Thromb 2021; 28:1161-1174. [PMID: 33551393 PMCID: PMC8592706 DOI: 10.5551/jat.60152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:
This study investigated whether the small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sd-LDL-c) level is associated with the rapid progression (RP) of non-culprit coronary artery lesions and cardiovascular events (CE) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods:
In 142 consecutive patients with ACS who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention for the culprit lesion, the sd-LDL-c level was measured using a direct homogeneous assay on admission for ACS and at the 10-month follow-up coronary angiography. RP was defined as a progression of any pre-existing coronary stenosis and/or stenosis development in the initially normal coronary artery. CEs were defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or coronary revascularization.
Results:
Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence (
n
=29) or absence (
n
=113) of RP after 10 months. The LDL-c and sd-LDL-c levels at baseline were equivalent in both the groups. However, the sd-LDL-c, triglyceride, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RL-c), and apoC3 levels at follow-up were significantly higher in the RP group than in the non-RP group. The optimal threshold values of sd-LDL-c, triglyceride, RL-c, and apoC3 for predicting RP according to receiver operating characteristics analysis were 20.9, 113, 5.5, and 9.7 mg/dL, respectively. Only the sd-LDL-c level (≥ 20.9 mg/dL) was significantly associated with incident CEs at 31±17 months (log-rank: 4.123,
p
=0.043).
Conclusions:
The sd-LDL-c level on treatment was significantly associated with RP of non-culprit lesions, resulting in CEs in ACS patients. On-treatment sd-LDL-c is a residual risk and aggressive reduction of sd-LDL-c might be needed to prevent CEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruo Sekimoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyoshi Mori
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
| | - Rikuo Sakai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Taito Arai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Yuya Yokota
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Shunya Sato
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Hideaki Tanaka
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Ryota Masaki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Yosuke Oishi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Kunihiro Ogura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Ken Arai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Kosuke Nomura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Ryota Kosaki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Koshiro Sakai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroaki Tsujita
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Seita Kondo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Shigeto Tsukamoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Fumiyoshi Tsunoda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Makoto Shoji
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
| | - Hidenari Matsumoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Yuji Hamazaki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine.,Division of Cardiology, Otakanomori Hospital
| | - Toshiro Shinke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
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17
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Tan X, Liu R, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang J, Wang H, Zhao G, Zheng M, Wen J. Integrated analysis of the methylome and transcriptome of chickens with fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:8. [PMID: 33407101 PMCID: PMC7789526 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation, a biochemical modification of cytosine, has an important role in lipid metabolism. Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is a serious disease and is tightly linked to lipid homeostasis. Herein, we compared the methylome and transcriptome of chickens with and without FLHS. Results We found genome-wide dysregulated DNA methylation pattern in which regions up- and down-stream of gene body were hypo-methylated in chickens with FLHS. A total of 4155 differentially methylated genes and 1389 differentially expressed genes were identified. Genes were focused when a negative relationship between mRNA expression and DNA methylation in promoter and gene body were detected. Based on pathway enrichment analysis, we found expression of genes related to lipogenesis and oxygenolysis (e.g., PPAR signaling pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, and fatty acid elongation) to be up-regulated with associated down-regulated DNA methylation. In contrast, genes related to cellular junction and communication pathways (e.g., vascular smooth muscle contraction, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, and gap junction) were inhibited and with associated up-regulation of DNA methylation. Conclusions In the current study, we provide a genome-wide scale landscape of DNA methylation and gene expression. The hepatic hypo-methylation feature has been identified with FLHS chickens. By integrated analysis, the results strongly suggest that increased lipid accumulation and hepatocyte rupture are central pathways that are regulated by DNA methylation in chickens with FLHS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07305-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ranran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xicai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guiping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Maiqing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jie Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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18
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Basu D, Bornfeldt KE. Hypertriglyceridemia and Atherosclerosis: Using Human Research to Guide Mechanistic Studies in Animal Models. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:504. [PMID: 32849290 PMCID: PMC7423973 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human studies support a strong association between hypertriglyceridemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, whether a causal relationship exists between hypertriglyceridemia and increased CVD risk is still unclear. One plausible explanation for the difficulty establishing a clear causal role for hypertriglyceridemia in CVD risk is that lipolysis products of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), rather than the TRLs themselves, are the likely mediators of increased CVD risk. This hypothesis is supported by studies of rare mutations in humans resulting in impaired clearance of such lipolysis products (remnant lipoprotein particles; RLPs). Several animal models of hypertriglyceridemia support this hypothesis and have provided additional mechanistic understanding. Mice deficient in lipoprotein lipase (LPL), the major vascular enzyme responsible for TRL lipolysis and generation of RLPs, or its endothelial anchor GPIHBP1, are severely hypertriglyceridemic but develop only minimal atherosclerosis as compared with animal models deficient in apolipoprotein (APO) E, which is required to clear TRLs and RLPs. Likewise, animal models convincingly show that increased clearance of TRLs and RLPs by LPL activation (achieved by inhibition of APOC3, ANGPTL3, or ANGPTL4 action, or increased APOA5) results in protection from atherosclerosis. Mechanistic studies suggest that RLPs are more atherogenic than large TRLs because they more readily enter the artery wall, and because they are enriched in cholesterol relative to triglycerides, which promotes pro-atherogenic effects in lesional cells. Other mechanistic studies show that hepatic receptors (LDLR and LRP1) and APOE are critical for RLP clearance. Thus, studies in animal models have provided additional mechanistic insight and generally agree with the hypothesis that RLPs derived from TRLs are highly atherogenic whereas hypertriglyceridemia due to accumulation of very large TRLs in plasma is not markedly atherogenic in the absence of TRL lipolysis products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debapriya Basu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Karin E. Bornfeldt
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Karin E. Bornfeldt
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19
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Palasubramaniam J, Wang X, Peter K. Myocardial Infarction-From Atherosclerosis to Thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:e176-e185. [PMID: 31339782 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jathushan Palasubramaniam
- From the Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (J.P., X.W., K.P.).,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (J.P., X.W., K.P.).,Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (J.P., K.P.)
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- From the Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (J.P., X.W., K.P.).,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (J.P., X.W., K.P.)
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- From the Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (J.P., X.W., K.P.).,Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia (J.P., X.W., K.P.).,Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (J.P., K.P.)
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20
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Impact of Lipid-Lowering Therapy on Mortality According to the Baseline Non-HDL Cholesterol Level: A Meta-Analysis. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2019; 26:263-272. [PMID: 31313082 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-019-00330-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous report showed that more intensive lipid-lowering therapy was associated with less mortality when baseline LDL-C levels were > 100 mg/dL. Non-HDL-C is a better predictor of cardiovascular risk than simpler LDL-C. AIM The objective of this meta-analysis was to define the impact of lipid-lowering therapy on the reduction of total and cardiovascular mortality by different baseline levels of non-HDL-C. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis including randomized, controlled clinical trials of lipid-lowering therapy, reporting mortality with a minimum of 6 months of follow-up, searching in PubMed/Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Clinical Trials databases. The random-effects model and meta-regression were performed. RESULTS Twenty nine trials of lipid-lowering drugs, including 233,027 patients, were considered eligible for the analyses. According to the baseline non-HDL-C level, the results on cardiovascular mortality were: (1) ≥ 190 mg/dL: OR 0.63 (95% CI 0.53-0.76); (2) 160-189 mg/dL: OR 0.82 (95% CI 0.75-0.89); (3) 130-159 mg/dL: OR 0.71 (95% CI 0.52-0.98); (4) < 130 mg/dL: OR 0.95 (95% CI 0.87-1.05). When evaluating mortality from any cause, the results were the following: (1) ≥ 190 mg/dL: OR 0.70 (95% CI 0.61-0.82); (2) 160-189 mg/dL: OR 0.91 (95% CI 0.83-0.98); (3) 130-159 mg/dL; OR 0.88 (95% CI 0.77-1.00); (4) < 130 mg/dL: OR 0.98 (95% CI 0.91-1.06). The meta-regression analysis showed a significant association between baseline non-HDL-C and mortality. CONCLUSIONS In these meta-analyses, lipid-lowering therapy was associated with reduction in the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality when baseline non-HDL-C levels were above than 130 mg/dL.
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