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Thorkelsson A, Chin MT. Role of the Alpha-B-Crystallin Protein in Cardiomyopathic Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2826. [PMID: 38474073 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-B-crystallin, a member of the small heat shock family of proteins, has been implicated in a variety of cardiomyopathies and in normal cardiac homeostasis. It is known to function as a molecular chaperone, particularly for desmin, but also interacts with a wide variety of additional proteins. The molecular chaperone function is also enhanced by signal-dependent phosphorylation at specific residues under stress conditions. Naturally occurring mutations in CRYAB, the gene that encodes alpha-B-crystallin, have been suggested to alter ionic intermolecular interactions that affect dimerization and chaperone function. These mutations have been associated with myofibrillar myopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and promote pathological hypertrophy through different mechanisms such as desmin aggregation, increased reductive stress, or activation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling. This review will discuss the known mechanisms by which alpha-B-crystallin functions in cardiac homeostasis and the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathies and provide insight into potential future areas of exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Thorkelsson
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Michael T Chin
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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2
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Claeyssen C, Bulangalire N, Bastide B, Agbulut O, Cieniewski-Bernard C. Desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin: How post-translational modifications modulate their functions in heart and skeletal muscles? Biochimie 2024; 216:137-159. [PMID: 37827485 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of the highly organized striated muscle tissue requires a cell-wide dynamic network through protein-protein interactions providing an effective mechanochemical integrator of morphology and function. Through a continuous and complex trans-cytoplasmic network, desmin intermediate filaments ensure this essential role in heart and in skeletal muscle. Besides their role in the maintenance of cell shape and architecture (permitting contractile activity efficiency and conferring resistance towards mechanical stress), desmin intermediate filaments are also key actors of cell and tissue homeostasis. Desmin participates to several cellular processes such as differentiation, apoptosis, intracellular signalisation, mechanotransduction, vesicle trafficking, organelle biogenesis and/or positioning, calcium homeostasis, protein homeostasis, cell adhesion, metabolism and gene expression. Desmin intermediate filaments assembly requires αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein. Over its chaperone activity, αB-crystallin is involved in several cellular functions such as cell integrity, cytoskeleton stabilization, apoptosis, autophagy, differentiation, mitochondria function or aggresome formation. Importantly, both proteins are known to be strongly associated to the aetiology of several cardiac and skeletal muscles pathologies related to desmin filaments disorganization and a strong disturbance of desmin interactome. Note that these key proteins of cytoskeleton architecture are extensively modified by post-translational modifications that could affect their functional properties. Therefore, we reviewed in the herein paper the impact of post-translational modifications on the modulation of cellular functions of desmin and its molecular chaperone, the αB-crystallin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Claeyssen
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nathan Bulangalire
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France; Université de Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bruno Bastide
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Onnik Agbulut
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine (IBPS), CNRS UMR 8256, Inserm ERL U1164, Biological Adaptation and Ageing, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Cieniewski-Bernard
- University of Lille, University of Artois, University of Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Chou C, Martin GL, Perera G, Awata J, Larson A, Blanton R, Chin MT. A novel αB-crystallin R123W variant drives hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by promoting maladaptive calcium-dependent signal transduction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1223244. [PMID: 37435054 PMCID: PMC10331725 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1223244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular disorder affecting 1 in 500 people in the general population. Characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte disarray and cardiac fibrosis, HCM is a highly complex disease with heterogenous clinical presentation, onset and complication. While mutations in sarcomere genes can account for a substantial proportion of familial cases of HCM, 40%-50% of HCM patients do not carry such sarcomere variants and the causal mutations for their diseases remain elusive. Recently, we identified a novel variant of the alpha-crystallin B chain (CRYABR123W) in a pair of monozygotic twins who developed concordant HCM phenotypes that manifested over a nearly identical time course. Yet, how CRYABR123W promotes the HCM phenotype remains unclear. Here, we generated mice carrying the CryabR123W knock-in allele and demonstrated that hearts from these animals exhibit increased maximal elastance at young age but reduced diastolic function with aging. Upon transverse aortic constriction, mice carrying the CryabR123W allele developed pathogenic left ventricular hypertrophy with substantial cardiac fibrosis and progressively decreased ejection fraction. Crossing of mice with a Mybpc3 frame-shift model of HCM did not potentiate pathological hypertrophy in compound heterozygotes, indicating that the pathological mechanisms in the CryabR123W model are independent of the sarcomere. In contrast to another well-characterized CRYAB variant (R120G) which induced Desmin aggregation, no evidence of protein aggregation was observed in hearts expressing CRYABR123W despite its potent effect on driving cellular hypertrophy. Mechanistically, we uncovered an unexpected protein-protein interaction between CRYAB and calcineurin. Whereas CRYAB suppresses maladaptive calcium signaling in response to pressure-overload, the R123W mutation abolished this effect and instead drove pathologic NFAT activation. Thus, our data establish the CryabR123W allele as a novel genetic model of HCM and unveiled additional sarcomere-independent mechanisms of cardiac pathological hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chou
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gregory L. Martin
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gayani Perera
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Junya Awata
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Amy Larson
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert Blanton
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michael T. Chin
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
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4
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Nordmeyer S, Kraus M, Ziehm M, Kirchner M, Schafstedde M, Kelm M, Niquet S, Stephen MM, Baczko I, Knosalla C, Schapranow MP, Dittmar G, Gotthardt M, Falcke M, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Kuehne T, Mertins P. Disease- and sex-specific differences in patients with heart valve disease: a proteome study. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201411. [PMID: 36627164 PMCID: PMC9834574 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure overload in patients with aortic valve stenosis and volume overload in mitral valve regurgitation trigger specific forms of cardiac remodeling; however, little is known about similarities and differences in myocardial proteome regulation. We performed proteome profiling of 75 human left ventricular myocardial biopsies (aortic stenosis = 41, mitral regurgitation = 17, and controls = 17) using high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry next to clinical and hemodynamic parameter acquisition. In patients of both disease groups, proteins related to ECM and cytoskeleton were more abundant, whereas those related to energy metabolism and proteostasis were less abundant compared with controls. In addition, disease group-specific and sex-specific differences have been observed. Male patients with aortic stenosis showed more proteins related to fibrosis and less to energy metabolism, whereas female patients showed strong reduction in proteostasis-related proteins. Clinical imaging was in line with proteomic findings, showing elevation of fibrosis in both patient groups and sex differences. Disease- and sex-specific proteomic profiles provide insight into cardiac remodeling in patients with heart valve disease and might help improve the understanding of molecular mechanisms and the development of individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Nordmeyer
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease - Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Milena Kraus
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, Digital Health Center, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthias Ziehm
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marieluise Kirchner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Schafstedde
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease - Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Kelm
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease - Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Niquet
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariet Mathew Stephen
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, Digital Health Center, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Istvan Baczko
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Christoph Knosalla
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthieu-P Schapranow
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, Digital Health Center, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Proteomics of Cellular Signaling, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Michael Gotthardt
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Neuromuscular and Cardiovascular Cell Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Falcke
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Mathematical Cell Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zürich, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Titus Kuehne
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-Assisted Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease - Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Proteomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Liu X, Yin K, Chen L, Chen W, Li W, Zhang T, Sun Y, Yuan M, Wang H, Song Y, Wang S, Hu S, Zhou Z. Lineage-specific regulatory changes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy unraveled by single-nucleus RNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics. Cell Discov 2023; 9:6. [PMID: 36646705 PMCID: PMC9842679 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common cardiac genetic disorder characterized by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. Pathological cardiac remodeling in the myocardium of HCM patients may progress to heart failure. An in-depth elucidation of the lineage-specific changes in pathological cardiac remodeling of HCM is pivotal for the development of therapies to mitigate the progression. Here, we performed single-nucleus RNA-seq of the cardiac tissues from HCM patients or healthy donors and conducted spatial transcriptomic assays on tissue sections from patients. Unbiased clustering of 55,122 nuclei from HCM and healthy conditions revealed 9 cell lineages and 28 clusters. Lineage-specific changes in gene expression, subpopulation composition, and intercellular communication in HCM were discovered through comparative analyses. According to the results of pseudotime ordering, differential expression analysis, and differential regulatory network analysis, potential key genes during the transition towards a failing state of cardiomyocytes such as FGF12, IL31RA, and CREB5 were identified. Transcriptomic dynamics underlying cardiac fibroblast activation were also uncovered, and potential key genes involved in cardiac fibrosis were obtained such as AEBP1, RUNX1, MEOX1, LEF1, and NRXN3. Using the spatial transcriptomic data, spatial activity patterns of the candidate genes, pathways, and subpopulations were confirmed on patient tissue sections. Moreover, we showed experimental evidence that in vitro knockdown of AEBP1 could promote the activation of human cardiac fibroblasts, and overexpression of AEBP1 could attenuate the TGFβ-induced activation. Our study provided a comprehensive analysis of the lineage-specific regulatory changes in HCM, which laid the foundation for targeted drug development in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Kunlun Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wenke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Taojun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuiyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Altered Cellular Protein Quality Control System Modulates Cardiomyocyte Function in Volume Overload-Induced Hypertrophy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112210. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Volume-induced hypertrophy is one of the risk factors for cardiac morbidity and mortality. In addition, mechanical and metabolic dysfunction, aging, and cellular redox balance are also contributing factors to the disease progression. In this study, we used volume overload (VO), which was induced by an aortocaval fistula in 2-month-old male Wistar rats, and sham-operated animals served as control. Functional parameters were measured by transthoracic echocardiography at termination 4- or 8-months after VO. The animals showed hypertrophic remodeling that was accompanied by mechanical dysfunction and increased cardiomyocyte stiffness. These alterations were reversible upon treatment with glutathione. Cardiomyocyte dysfunction was associated with elevated oxidative stress markers with unchanged inflammatory signaling pathways. In addition, we observed altered phosphorylation status of small heat shock proteins 27 and 70 and diminished protease expression caspases 3 compared to the matched control group, indicating an impaired protein quality control system. Such alterations might be attributed to the increased oxidative stress as anticipated from the enhanced titin oxidation, ubiquitination, and the elevation in oxidative stress markers. Our study showed an early pathological response to VO, which manifests in cardiomyocyte mechanical dysfunction and dysregulated signaling pathways associated with enhanced oxidative stress and an impaired protein quality control system.
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Wu P, Li Y, Cai M, Ye B, Geng B, Li F, Zhu H, Liu J, Wang X. Ubiquitin Carboxyl-Terminal Hydrolase L1 of Cardiomyocytes Promotes Macroautophagy and Proteostasis and Protects Against Post-myocardial Infarction Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:866901. [PMID: 35463782 PMCID: PMC9021418 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.866901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is a deubiquitinase known to play essential roles in the nervous tissue. Myocardial upregulation of UCHL1 was observed in human dilated cardiomyopathy and several animal models of heart disease, but the (patho)physiological significance of UCHL1 in cardiomyocytes remains undefined. Hence, we conducted this study to fill this critical gap. We produced cardiomyocyte-restricted Uchl1 knockout (CKO) by coupling the Uchl1-floxed allele with transgenic Myh6-Cre in C57B/6J inbred mice. Mice transgenic for Myh6-Cre were used as controls (CTL). Myocardial Uchl1 proteins were markedly reduced in CKO mice but they did not display discernible abnormal phenotype. Ten-week old CTL or CKO mice were subjected to left anterior descending artery ligation (myocardial infarction, MI) or sham surgery (Sham) and characterized at 7- and 28-day after surgery. Compared with Sham mice, significant increases in myocardial UCHL1 proteins were detected in CTL MI but not in CKO MI mice. MI-induced left ventricular (LV) chamber dilation, reduction of ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), and LV anterior wall thinning detected by echocardiography were comparable between the CTL MI and CKO MI groups 7-day post-MI. However, by 28-day post-MI, MI-induced LV chamber dilatation, EF and FS reduction, increases of myocardial ubiquitin conjugates, and increases in the heart weight to body weight ratio and the ventricular weight to body weight ratio were significantly more pronounced in CKO MI than CTL MI mice. As further revealed by LV pressure-volume relationship analyses, CKO MI mice but not CTL MI mice displayed significant decreases in stroke volume, cardiac output, and the maximum rates of LV pressure rising or declining and of LV volume declining, as well as significant increases in LV end-diastolic pressure and Tau, compared with their respective Sham controls. LC3-II flux assays reveal that autophagic flux is decreased in CKO mouse myocardium as well as in cultured Uchl1-deficient cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, UCHL1 of cardiomyocytes is dispensable for development but promotes macroautophagy in cardiomyocytes. Upregulation of UCHL1 in post-MI hearts occurs primarily in the cardiomyocytes and protects against post-MI cardiac remodeling and malfunction likely through supporting autophagic flux and proteostasis during a stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglong Wu
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, United States
- Department of Cardiology, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, United States
| | - Mingqi Cai
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, United States
| | - Bo Ye
- Lillehei Heart Institute and the Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota College of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Bingchuan Geng
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Faqian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, United States
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8
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Genetic Deletion of HLJ1 Does Not Affect Blood Coagulation in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042064. [PMID: 35216179 PMCID: PMC8880458 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
HLJ1 (also called DNAJB4) is a member of the DNAJ/Hsp40 family and plays an important role in regulating protein folding and activity. However, there is little information about the role of HLJ1 in the regulation of physiological function. In this study, we investigated the role of HLJ1 in blood coagulation using wild-type C57BL/6 mice and HLJ1-null (HLJ1-/-) mice. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the expression and distribution of HLJ1 protein, respectively. The tail bleeding assay was applied to assess the bleeding time and blood loss. A coagulation test was used for measuring the activity of extrinsic, intrinsic and common coagulation pathways. Thromboelastography was used to measure the coagulation parameters in the progression of blood clot formation. The results showed that HLJ1 was detectable in plasma and bone marrow. The distribution of HLJ1 was co-localized with CD41, the marker of platelets and megakaryocytes. However, genetic deletion of HLJ1 did not alter blood loss and the activity of extrinsic and intrinsic coagulation pathways, as well as blood clot formation, compared to wild-type mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that, although HLJ1 appears in megakaryocytes and platelets, it may not play a role in the function of blood coagulation under normal physiological conditions.
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Wang L, Wang F, Liu K, Long C, Chen Y, Li C, Li L, Liu F, Zhang X, Jing Y, Wang Y, Liang A, Yan H, Zhang H. αB-crystallin/HSPB2 is critical for hyperactive mTOR-induced cardiomyopathy. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:8110-8121. [PMID: 34101831 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Even though aberrant mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is known to cause cardiomyopathy, its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Because augmentation of αB-crystallin and hspB2 was presented in the cortical tubers and lymphangioleiomyomatosis of tuberous sclerosis complex patients, we deciphered the role of αB-crystallin and its adjacent duplicate gene, hspB2, in hyperactive mTOR-induced cardiomyopathy. Cardiac Tsc1 deletion (T1-hKO) caused mouse mTOR activation and cardiomyopathy. Overexpression of αB-crystallin and hspB2 was presented in the hearts of these mice. Knockout of αB-crystallin/hspB2 reversed deficient Tsc1-mediated fetal gene expression, mTOR activation, mitochondrial damage, cardiomyocyte vacuolar degeneration, cardiomyocyte size, and fibrosis of T1-hKO mice. These cardiac-Tsc1; αB-crystallin; hspB2 triple knockout (tKO) mice had improved cardiac function, smaller heart weight to body weight ratio, and reduced lethality compared with T1-hKO mice. Even though activated mTOR suppressed autophagy in T1-hKO mice, ablation of αB-crystallin and hspB2 failed to restore autophagy in tKO mice. mTOR inhibitors suppressed αB-crystallin expression in T1-hKO mice and rat cardiomyocyte line H9C2. Starvation of H9C2 cells activated autophagy and suppressed αB-crystallin expression. Since inhibition of autophagy restored αB-crystallin expression in starved H9C2 cells, autophagy is a negative regulator of αB-crystallin expression. mTOR thus stimulates αB-crystallin expression through suppression of autophagy. In conclusion, αB-crystallin and hspB2 play a pivotal role in Tsc1 knockout-related cardiomyopathy and are therapeutic targets of hyperactive mTOR-associated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Safety Research Center of Injectable Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kemei Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Caifeng Long
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunjia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Liang
- Safety Research Center of Injectable Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbing Yan
- Department of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Coronary Heart Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Chou C, Chin MT. Pathogenic Mechanisms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy beyond Sarcomere Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168933. [PMID: 34445638 PMCID: PMC8396307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular disorder, affecting 1 in 500 people in the general population. Although characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte disarray, and cardiac fibrosis, HCM is in fact a highly complex disease with heterogenous clinical presentation, onset, and complications. While HCM is generally accepted as a disease of the sarcomere, variable penetrance in families with identical genetic mutations challenges the monogenic origin of HCM and instead implies a multifactorial cause. Furthermore, large-scale genome sequencing studies revealed that many genes previously reported as causative of HCM in fact have little or no evidence of disease association. These findings thus call for a re-evaluation of the sarcomere-centered view of HCM pathogenesis. Here, we summarize our current understanding of sarcomere-independent mechanisms of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, highlight the role of extracellular signals in cardiac fibrosis, and propose an alternative but integrated model of HCM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Chou
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Michael T. Chin
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-636-8776
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11
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Mitochondrial HSP70 Chaperone System-The Influence of Post-Translational Modifications and Involvement in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158077. [PMID: 34360841 PMCID: PMC8347752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery, heat shock proteins (HSPs) have been identified in all domains of life, which demonstrates their importance and conserved functional role in maintaining protein homeostasis. Mitochondria possess several members of the major HSP sub-families that perform essential tasks for keeping the organelle in a fully functional and healthy state. In humans, the mitochondrial HSP70 chaperone system comprises a central molecular chaperone, mtHSP70 or mortalin (HSPA9), which is actively involved in stabilizing and importing nuclear gene products and in refolding mitochondrial precursor proteins, and three co-chaperones (HSP70-escort protein 1-HEP1, tumorous imaginal disc protein 1-TID-1, and Gro-P like protein E-GRPE), which regulate and accelerate its protein folding functions. In this review, we summarize the roles of mitochondrial molecular chaperones with particular focus on the human mtHsp70 and its co-chaperones, whose deregulated expression, mutations, and post-translational modifications are often considered to be the main cause of neurological disorders, genetic diseases, and malignant growth.
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12
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Fa J, Zhang X, Zhang X, Qi M, Zhang X, Fu Q, Xu Z, Gao Y, Wang B. Long Noncoding RNA lnc-TSSK2-8 Activates Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Through Small Heat Shock Proteins HSPA6 and CRYAB. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660576. [PMID: 34041241 PMCID: PMC8141806 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common birth defects worldwide. 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is the most common microdeletion disorder that has been frequently associated with conotruncal malformations. By now, the dosage-sensitive gene TBX1 has been adopted as the major pathogenic gene responsible for 22q11.2 deletion, which is regulated by canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in heart outflow tract development. Here, we report the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) lnc-TSSK2-8, which is encompassed in the 22q11.2 region, that can activate canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling by protecting β-catenin from degradation, which could result from decreased ubiquitination. Such effects were mediated by two short heat shock proteins HSPA6 and α-β-crystallin (CRYAB), whose expression was regulated by lnc-TSSK2-8 through a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. In clinical practice, the pathogenesis of copy number variation (CNV) was always attributed to haploinsufficiency of protein-coding genes. Here, we report that the 22q11.2 lncRNA lnc-TSSK2-8 significantly activated canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which has major roles in cardiac outflow tract development and should act upstream of TBX1. Our results suggested that lncRNAs should contribute to the etiology of CNV-related CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Fa
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Zhang
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihua Fu
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoming Xu
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunqian Gao
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Gou D, Zhou J, Song Q, Wang Z, Bai X, Zhang Y, Zuo M, Wang F, Chen A, Yousaf M, Yang Z, Peng H, Li K, Xie W, Tang J, Yao Y, Han M, Ke T, Chen Q, Xu C, Wang Q. Mog1 knockout causes cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure by downregulating tbx5-cryab-hspb2 signalling in zebrafish. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 231:e13567. [PMID: 33032360 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS MOG1 is a small protein that can bind to small GTPase RAN and regulate transport of RNA and proteins between the cytoplasm and nucleus. However, the in vivo physiological role of mog1 in the heart needs to be fully defined. METHODS Mog1 knockout zebrafish was generated by TALEN. Echocardiography, histological analysis, and electrocardiograms were used to examine cardiac structure and function. RNA sequencing and real-time RT-PCR were used to elucidate the molecular mechanism and to analyse the gene expression. Isoproterenol was used to induce cardiac hypertrophy. Whole-mount in situ hybridization was used to observe cardiac morphogenesis. RESULTS Mog1 knockout zebrafish developed cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (enlarged pericardium, increased nppa and nppb expression and ventricular wall thickness, and reduced ejection fraction), which was aggravated by isoproterenol. RNAseq and KEGG pathway analyses revealed the effect of mog1 knockout on the pathways of cardiac hypertrophy, dilatation and contraction. Mechanistic studies revealed that mog1 knockout decreased expression of tbx5, which reduced expression of cryab and hspb2, resulting in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Overexpression of cryab, hspb2 and tbx5 rescued the cardiac oedema phenotype of mog1 KO zebrafish. Telemetry electrocardiogram monitoring showed QRS and QTc prolongation and a reduced heart rate in mog1 knockout zebrafish, which was associated with reduced scn1b expression. Moreover, mog1 knockout resulted in abnormal cardiac looping during embryogenesis because of the reduced expression of nkx2.5, gata4 and hand2. CONCLUSION Our data identified an important molecular determinant for cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, and rhythm maintenance of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongzhi Gou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine Gannan Medical University Ganzhou P. R. China
| | - Qixue Song
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Mengxia Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of CaseWestern Reserve University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Ailan Chen
- Department of Cardiology Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Muhammad Yousaf
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Zhongcheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Huixing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Wen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Jingluo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Meng Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Tie Ke
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of CaseWestern Reserve University Cleveland OH USA
| | - Chengqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education College of Life Science and Technology and Center for Human Genome Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences Lerner Research Institute Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of CaseWestern Reserve University Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Genetics and Genome Science Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OH USA
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14
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Islam M, Diwan A, Mani K. Come Together: Protein Assemblies, Aggregates and the Sarcostat at the Heart of Cardiac Myocyte Homeostasis. Front Physiol 2020; 11:586. [PMID: 32581848 PMCID: PMC7287178 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis in vertebrate systems is contingent on normal cardiac function. This, in turn, depends on intricate protein-based cellular machinery, both for contractile function, as well as, durability of cardiac myocytes. The cardiac small heat shock protein (csHsp) chaperone system, highlighted by αB-crystallin (CRYAB), a small heat shock protein (sHsp) that forms ∼3–5% of total cardiac mass, plays critical roles in maintaining proteostatic function via formation of self-assembled multimeric chaperones. In this work, we review these ancient proteins, from the evolutionarily preserved role of homologs in protists, fungi and invertebrate systems, as well as, the role of sHsps and chaperones in maintaining cardiac myocyte structure and function. We propose the concept of the “sarcostat” as a protein quality control mechanism in the sarcomere. The roles of the proteasomal and lysosomal proteostatic network, as well as, the roles of the aggresome, self-assembling protein complexes and protein aggregation are discussed in the context of cardiac myocyte homeostasis. Finally, we will review the potential for targeting the csHsp system as a novel therapeutic approach to prevent and treat cardiomyopathy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moydul Islam
- Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kartik Mani
- Division of Cardiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, United States
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15
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The Role of Proteostasis in the Regulation of Cardiac Intercellular Communication. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1233:279-302. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-38266-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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16
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Zhu B, Xue F, Li G, Zhang C. CRYAB promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells via stabilizing β-catenin and promoting the Wnt signalling. Cell Prolif 2019; 53:e12709. [PMID: 31638302 PMCID: PMC6985673 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The osteogenesis differentiation of human bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) is essential for bone formation and bone homeostasis. In this study, we aim to elucidate novel molecular targets for bone metabolism diseases. Materials and methods The dataset GSE80614 which includes mRNA expression profile during BMSCs osteogenic differentiation was obtained from the GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/). The osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was measured by ALP staining, AR staining and expression of osteogenic markers in vitro. For in vivo assay, we seeded BMSCs onto beta‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) and transplanted them into muscle pockets of nude mice. Luciferase assay, co‐immunoprecipitation assay and in vitro ubiquitination assay were carried out to investigate the molecular mechanism. Results We found that α‐B‐crystallin (CRYAB) expression was elevated during the process of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Further studies showed that upregulation of CRYAB significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation, while downregulation of CRYAB suppressed it. CRYAB regulated BMSCs osteogenic differentiation mainly through the canonical Wnt/β‐catenin signalling. In addition, we found that CRYAB could physically interact with β‐catenin and protect it from ubiquitination and degradation, which stabilized β‐catenin and promoted the Wnt signalling. Conclusions The present study provides evidences that CRYAB is an important regulator of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation by protecting β‐catenin from ubiquitination and degradation and promoting the Wnt signalling. It may serve as a potential therapeutic target for diseases related to bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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17
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Li J, Johnson JA, Su H. Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-like proteins in cardiac disease and protection. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 19:989-1002. [PMID: 26648080 DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666151209114608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification represents an important mechanism to regulate protein function in cardiac cells. Ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are a family of protein modifiers that share a certain extent of sequence and structure similarity. Conjugation of Ub or UBLs to target proteins is dynamically regulated by a set of UBL-specific enzymes and modulates the physical and physiological properties of protein substrates. Ub and UBLs control a strikingly wide spectrum of cellular processes and not surprisingly are involved in the development of multiple human diseases including cardiac diseases. Further identification of novel UBL targets will expand our understanding of the functional diversity of UBL pathways in physiology and pathology. Here we review recent findings on the mechanisms, proteome and functions of a subset of UBLs and highlight their potential impacts on the development and progression of various forms of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - John A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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18
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Cai W, Zhang J, de Lange WJ, Gregorich ZR, Karp H, Farrell ET, Mitchell SD, Tucholski T, Lin Z, Biermann M, McIlwain SJ, Ralphe JC, Kamp TJ, Ge Y. An Unbiased Proteomics Method to Assess the Maturation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Circ Res 2019; 125:936-953. [PMID: 31573406 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes exhibit the properties of fetal cardiomyocytes, which limits their applications. Various methods have been used to promote maturation of hPSC-cardiomyocytes; however, there is a lack of an unbiased and comprehensive method for accurate assessment of the maturity of hPSC-cardiomyocytes. OBJECTIVE We aim to develop an unbiased proteomics strategy integrating high-throughput top-down targeted proteomics and bottom-up global proteomics for the accurate and comprehensive assessment of hPSC-cardiomyocyte maturation. METHODS AND RESULTS Utilizing hPSC-cardiomyocytes from early- and late-stage 2-dimensional monolayer culture and 3-dimensional engineered cardiac tissue, we demonstrated the high reproducibility and reliability of a top-down proteomics method, which enabled simultaneous quantification of contractile protein isoform expression and associated post-translational modifications. This method allowed for the detection of known maturation-associated contractile protein alterations and, for the first time, identified contractile protein post-translational modifications as promising new markers of hPSC-cardiomyocytes maturation. Most notably, decreased phosphorylation of α-tropomyosin was found to be associated with hPSC-cardiomyocyte maturation. By employing a bottom-up global proteomics strategy, we identified candidate maturation-associated markers important for sarcomere organization, cardiac excitability, and Ca2+ homeostasis. In particular, upregulation of myomesin 1 and transmembrane 65 was associated with hPSC-cardiomyocyte maturation and validated in cardiac development, making these promising markers for assessing maturity of hPSC-cardiomyocytes. We have further validated α-actinin isoforms, phospholamban, dystrophin, αB-crystallin, and calsequestrin 2 as novel maturation-associated markers, in the developing mouse cardiac ventricles. CONCLUSIONS We established an unbiased proteomics method that can provide accurate and specific assessment of the maturity of hPSC-cardiomyocytes and identified new markers of maturation. Furthermore, this integrated proteomics strategy laid a strong foundation for uncovering the molecular pathways involved in cardiac development and disease using hPSC-cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Cai
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program (W.C., S.D.M., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology (W.C., Z.R.G., H.K., S.D.M., Z.L., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Medicine (J.Z., Z.R.G., M.B., T.J.K.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Willem J de Lange
- Department of Pediatrics (W.J.d.L., E.T.F., J.C.R.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Zachery R Gregorich
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology (W.C., Z.R.G., H.K., S.D.M., Z.L., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Medicine (J.Z., Z.R.G., M.B., T.J.K.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Hannah Karp
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology (W.C., Z.R.G., H.K., S.D.M., Z.L., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Emily T Farrell
- Department of Pediatrics (W.J.d.L., E.T.F., J.C.R.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Stanford D Mitchell
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program (W.C., S.D.M., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology (W.C., Z.R.G., H.K., S.D.M., Z.L., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Trisha Tucholski
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program (W.C., S.D.M., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Chemistry (T.T., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (T.T., S.J.M.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Ziqing Lin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology (W.C., Z.R.G., H.K., S.D.M., Z.L., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Human Proteomics Program (Z.L., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Mitch Biermann
- Department of Medicine (J.Z., Z.R.G., M.B., T.J.K.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Sean J McIlwain
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (T.T., S.J.M.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,UW Carbone Cancer Center (S.J.M.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - J Carter Ralphe
- Department of Pediatrics (W.J.d.L., E.T.F., J.C.R.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Timothy J Kamp
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program (W.C., S.D.M., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology (W.C., Z.R.G., H.K., S.D.M., Z.L., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Medicine (J.Z., Z.R.G., M.B., T.J.K.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
| | - Ying Ge
- From the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Training Program (W.C., S.D.M., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology (W.C., Z.R.G., H.K., S.D.M., Z.L., T.J.K., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Human Proteomics Program (Z.L., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison.,Department of Chemistry (T.T., Y.G.), University of Wisconsin-Madison
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Dorsch LM, Schuldt M, dos Remedios CG, Schinkel AFL, de Jong PL, Michels M, Kuster DWD, Brundel BJJM, van der Velden J. Protein Quality Control Activation and Microtubule Remodeling in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Cells 2019; 8:E741. [PMID: 31323898 PMCID: PMC6678711 DOI: 10.3390/cells8070741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disorder. It is mainly caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomere proteins. Mutant forms of these highly abundant proteins likely stress the protein quality control (PQC) system of cardiomyocytes. The PQC system, together with a functional microtubule network, maintains proteostasis. We compared left ventricular (LV) tissue of nine donors (controls) with 38 sarcomere mutation-positive (HCMSMP) and 14 sarcomere mutation-negative (HCMSMN) patients to define HCM and mutation-specific changes in PQC. Mutations in HCMSMP result in poison polypeptides or reduced protein levels (haploinsufficiency, HI). The main findings were 1) several key PQC players were more abundant in HCM compared to controls, 2) after correction for sex and age, stabilizing heat shock protein (HSP)B1, and refolding, HSPD1 and HSPA2 were increased in HCMSMP compared to controls, 3) α-tubulin and acetylated α-tubulin levels were higher in HCM compared to controls, especially in HCMHI, 4) myosin-binding protein-C (cMyBP-C) levels were inversely correlated with α-tubulin, and 5) α-tubulin levels correlated with acetylated α-tubulin and HSPs. Overall, carrying a mutation affects PQC and α-tubulin acetylation. The haploinsufficiency of cMyBP-C may trigger HSPs and α-tubulin acetylation. Our study indicates that proliferation of the microtubular network may represent a novel pathomechanism in cMyBP-C haploinsufficiency-mediated HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa M Dorsch
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Maike Schuldt
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cristobal G dos Remedios
- Sydney Heart Bank, Discipline of Anatomy, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Arend F L Schinkel
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter L de Jong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle Michels
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik W D Kuster
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, 3511 EP Utrecht, The Netherlands
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20
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Zhang J, Liu J, Wu J, Li W, Chen Z, Yang L. Progression of the role of CRYAB in signaling pathways and cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4129-4139. [PMID: 31239701 PMCID: PMC6553995 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s201799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
CRYAB is a member of the small heat shock protein family, first discovered in the lens of the eye, and involved in various diseases, such as eye and heart diseases and even cancers, for example, breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer. In addition, CRYAB proteins are involved in a variety of signaling pathways including apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This review summarizes the recent progress concerning the role of CRYAB in signaling pathways and diseases. Therefore, the role of CRYAB in signaling pathways and cancers is urgently needed. This article reviews the regulation of CRYAB in the apoptotic inflammatory signaling pathway and its role in cancers progression and as a key role in anti-cancer therapy targeting CRYAB in an effort to improve outcomes for patients with metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- JunFei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - JiaLi Wu
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - WenFeng Li
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - ZhongWei Chen
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
| | - LiShan Yang
- Department of Emergency Medical, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750000, People's Republic of China
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21
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Fang X, Bogomolovas J, Trexler C, Chen J. The BAG3-dependent and -independent roles of cardiac small heat shock proteins. JCI Insight 2019; 4:126464. [PMID: 30830872 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) comprise an important protein family that is ubiquitously expressed, is highly conserved among species, and has emerged as a critical regulator of protein folding. While these proteins are functionally important for a variety of tissues, an emerging field of cardiovascular research reveals sHSPs are also extremely important for maintaining normal cardiac function and regulating the cardiac stress response. Notably, numerous mutations in genes encoding sHSPs have been associated with multiple cardiac diseases. sHSPs (HSPB5, HSPB6, and HSPB8) have been described as mediating chaperone functions within the heart by interacting with the cochaperone protein BCL-2-associated anthanogene 3 (BAG3); however, recent reports indicate that sHSPs (HSPB7) can perform other BAG3-independent functions. Here, we summarize the cardiac functions of sHSPs and present the notion that cardiac sHSPs function via BAG3-dependent or -independent pathways.
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22
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Yin B, Tang S, Xu J, Sun J, Zhang X, Li Y, Bao E. CRYAB protects cardiomyocytes against heat stress by preventing caspase-mediated apoptosis and reducing F-actin aggregation. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:59-68. [PMID: 30246229 PMCID: PMC6363628 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CRYAB is a small heat shock protein (sHSP) that has previously been shown to protect the heart against various cellular stresses; however, its precise function in myocardial cell injury caused by heat stress remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which CRYAB protects cardiomyocytes against heat stress. We constructed two H9C2 cell lines that stably express CRYAB protein to differing degrees: CRYAB-5 and CRYAB-7. Both CRYAB-5 and CRYAB-7 showed significantly reduced granular degeneration and vacuolar degeneration following heat stress compared to control cells. In addition, CRYAB overexpression in H9C2 cells relieved cell cycle proportion at the G0/G1 phase following heat stress compared to control cells. These protective effects were associated with the level of CRYAB protein expression. Our immunofluorescence analysis showed CRYAB could translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus under heat stress conditions, but that CRYAB co-localized with F-actin (which accumulates under stress conditions). Indeed, overexpression of CRYAB significantly reduced the aggregation of F-actin in H9C2 cells caused by heat stress. Furthermore, overexpressing CRYAB protein significantly reduced the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes induced by heat stress, likely by reducing the expression of cleaved-caspase 3. Collectively, our results show overexpression of CRYAB significantly increases the heat resistance of H9C2 cardiomyocytes, likely by reducing F-actin aggregation (thus stabilizing the cytoskeleton), regulating the cell cycle, and preventing caspase-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiao Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiarui Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yubao Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Hunan road 1, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Endong Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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23
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Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3) is an enhancer of small heat shock protein turnover via activation of autophagy in the heart. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:1141-1147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Mitochondria Associated MicroRNA Expression Profiling of Heart Failure. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4042509. [PMID: 29147650 PMCID: PMC5632880 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4042509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism impairment. MicroRNAs are implicated in the development of heart failure. However, the mitochondria enriched microRNA during heart failure remains elusive. Here, we generated a pressure overload-induced early and late stage heart failure model at 4 weeks and 8 weeks following transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice. We found that expression of mitochondrion protein COX4 was highly enriched in isolated mitochondria from cardiac tissues while GAPDH could hardly be detected. Furthermore, small RNA sequencing for mitochondria RNAs from failing hearts was performed. It was found that 69 microRNAs were upregulated and 2 were downregulated in early heart failure, while 16 microRNAs were upregulated and 6 were downregulated in late heart failure. 15 microRNA candidates were measured in both mitochondria and total cardiac tissues of heart failure by real-time PCR. MiR-696, miR-532, miR-690, and miR-345-3p were enriched in mitochondria from the failing heart at early stage. Bioinformatics analysis showed that mitochondria enriched microRNAs in HF were associated with energy metabolism and oxidative stress pathway. For the first time, we demonstrated microRNAs were enriched in mitochondria during heart failure, which established a link between microRNA and mitochondrion in heart failure.
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25
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Liao WC, Juo LY, Shih YL, Chen YH, Yan YT. HSPB7 prevents cardiac conduction system defect through maintaining intercalated disc integrity. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006984. [PMID: 28827800 PMCID: PMC5587339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
HSPB7 is a member of the small heat-shock protein (HSPB) family and is expressed in the cardiomyocytes from cardiogenesis onwards. A dramatic increase in HSPB7 is detected in the heart and blood plasma immediately after myocardial infarction. Additionally, several single-nucleotide polymorphisms of HSPB7 have been identified to be associated with heart failure caused by cardiomyopathy in human patients. Although a recent study has shown that HSPB7 is required for maintaining myofiber structure in skeletal muscle, its molecular and physiological functions in the heart remain unclear. In the present study, we generated a cardiac-specific inducible HSPB7 knockout mouse and demonstrated that the loss of HSPB7 in cardiomyocytes results in rapid heart failure and sudden death. The electrocardiogram showed cardiac arrhythmia with abnormal conduction in the HSPB7 mutant mice before death. In HSPB7 CKO cardiomyocytes, no significant defect was detected in the organization of contractile proteins in sarcomeres, but a severe structural disruption was observed in the intercalated discs. The expression of connexin 43, a gap-junction protein located at the intercalated discs, was downregulated in HSPB7 knockout cardiomyocytes. Mislocalization of desmoplakin, and N-cadherin, the intercalated disc proteins, was also observed in the HSPB7 CKO hearts. Furthermore, filamin C, the interaction protein of HSPB7, was upregulated and aggregated in HSPB7 mutant cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, our findings characterize HSPB7 as an intercalated disc protein and suggest it has an essential role in maintaining intercalated disc integrity and conduction function in the adult heart. The intercalated disc is an indispensable structure that connects neighboring cardiomyocytes. It is also considered to be a single functional unit for cellular electric, mechanical, and signaling communication to maintain cardiomyocyte rigidity and synchrony. Mutation or defect in intercalated disc components usually results in distortions in the structure of intercalated discs and lethal cardiac abnormalities in patients. In this study, we found that the dynamic expression and subcellular location of HSPB7 are highly associated with intercalated disc component protein, N-cadherin, during the assembly and maturation of intercalated discs in cardiomyocytes. To identify the functional role of HSPB7 in the adult heart, we conducted a loss-of-function study of HSPB7 using a gene conditional knockout approach. We found that the loss of HSPB7 quickly results in the disruption of the intercalated disc structure, decreasing the expression of connexin 43 and mislocalization of N-cadherin and desmoplakin, and further inducing arrhythmic sudden death. In conclusion, our mouse model demonstrates that HSPB7 is required to maintain the structure and function of gap-junction complexes and intercalated discs, which has important implications for human heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wern-Chir Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yi Juo
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Shih
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hui Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Yan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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26
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Fung G, Wong J, Berhe F, Mohamud Y, Xue YC, Luo H. Phosphorylation and degradation of αB-crystallin during enterovirus infection facilitates viral replication and induces viral pathogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74767-74780. [PMID: 29088822 PMCID: PMC5650377 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein quality control (PQC) plays a key role in maintaining cardiomyocyte function and homeostasis, and malfunction in PQC is implicated in various forms of heart diseases. Molecular chaperones serve as the primary checkpoint for PQC; however, their roles in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis, an inflammation of the myocardium caused by viral infection, are largely unknown. AlphaB-crystallin (CryAB) is the most abundant chaperone protein in the heart. It interacts with desmin and cytoplasmic actin to prevent protein misfolding and aggregation and to help maintain cytoskeletal integrity and cardiac function. Here we showed that coxsackievirus infection induced desminopathy-like phenotype of the myocardium, as characterized by the accumulation of protein aggregates and the disruption of desmin organization. We further demonstrated that CryAB was phosphorylated during early and downregulated at later stages of infection. Moreover, we showed that phosphorylated CryAB had a shorter half-life and was targeted to the ubiquitin-proteasome system for degradation. Lastly, we found that overexpression of CryAB significantly attenuated viral protein production and progeny release, indicating an anti-viral function for CryAB. Together, our results suggest a mechanism by which coxsackieviral infection induces CryAB degradation and loss-of-function, resulting in desmin aggregation, ultimately contributing to compromised cytoskeletal integrity and viral cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Fung
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jerry Wong
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Feaven Berhe
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yasir Mohamud
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yuan Chao Xue
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Honglin Luo
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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27
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Mitzelfelt KA, Limphong P, Choi MJ, Kondrat FDL, Lai S, Kolander KD, Kwok WM, Dai Q, Grzybowski MN, Zhang H, Taylor GM, Lui Q, Thao MT, Hudson JA, Barresi R, Bushby K, Jungbluth H, Wraige E, Geurts AM, Benesch JLP, Riedel M, Christians ES, Minella AC, Benjamin IJ. The Human 343delT HSPB5 Chaperone Associated with Early-onset Skeletal Myopathy Causes Defects in Protein Solubility. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:14939-53. [PMID: 27226619 PMCID: PMC4946913 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.730481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of HSPB5 (also known as CRYAB or αB-crystallin), a bona fide heat shock protein and molecular chaperone encoded by the HSPB5 (crystallin, alpha B) gene, are linked to multisystem disorders featuring variable combinations of cataracts, cardiomyopathy, and skeletal myopathy. This study aimed to investigate the pathological mechanisms involved in an early-onset myofibrillar myopathy manifesting in a child harboring a homozygous recessive mutation in HSPB5, 343delT. To study HSPB5 343delT protein dynamics, we utilize model cell culture systems including induced pluripotent stem cells derived from the 343delT patient (343delT/343delT) along with isogenic, heterozygous, gene-corrected control cells (WT KI/343delT) and BHK21 cells, a cell line lacking endogenous HSPB5 expression. 343delT/343delT and WT KI/343delT-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived skeletal myotubes and cardiomyocytes did not express detectable levels of 343delT protein, contributable to the extreme insolubility of the mutant protein. Overexpression of HSPB5 343delT resulted in insoluble mutant protein aggregates and induction of a cellular stress response. Co-expression of 343delT with WT prevented visible aggregation of 343delT and improved its solubility. Additionally, in vitro refolding of 343delT in the presence of WT rescued its solubility. We demonstrate an interaction between WT and 343delT both in vitro and within cells. These data support a loss-of-function model for the myopathy observed in the patient because the insoluble mutant would be unavailable to perform normal functions of HSPB5, although additional gain-of-function effects of the mutant protein cannot be excluded. Additionally, our data highlight the solubilization of 343delT by WT, concordant with the recessive inheritance of the disease and absence of symptoms in carrier individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie A Mitzelfelt
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650
| | | | | | - Frances D L Kondrat
- the Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Wai-Meng Kwok
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | | | | | - Huali Zhang
- the Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Graydon M Taylor
- the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | - Qiang Lui
- the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132
| | | | - Judith A Hudson
- the Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Rita Barresi
- the National Health Service England Health Science Services for Rare Neuromuscular Diseases, Muscle Immunoanalysis Unit, Dental Hospital, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Bushby
- Neuromuscular Genetics, Newcastle University John Walton Centre for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Medical Research Council Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Heinz Jungbluth
- the Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom, the Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom, the Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London SE5 9RX, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Wraige
- the Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Justin L P Benesch
- the Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elisabeth S Christians
- the Sorbonne Universités, University Pierre and Marie Curie, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Dévelopment de Villefranche sur mer (LBDV), UMR 7009, 181 Chemin du Lazaret, 06230 Villefranche sur mer, France, and
| | - Alex C Minella
- the Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Ivor J Benjamin
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5650, the Cardiovascular Center,
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28
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Zhang H, Wang X. Priming the proteasome by protein kinase G: a novel cardioprotective mechanism of sildenafil. Future Cardiol 2015; 11:177-89. [PMID: 25760877 DOI: 10.2217/fca.15.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome mediates the degradation of most cellular proteins including misfolded proteins, pivotal to intracellular protein hemostasis. Proteasome functional insufficiency is implicated in a large subset of human failing hearts. Experimental studies have established proteasome functional insufficiency as a major pathogenic factor, rationalizing proteasome enhancement as a potentially new therapeutic strategy for congestive heart failure. Protein kinase G activation known to be cardioprotective was recently found to facilitate proteasomal degradation of misfolded proteins in cardiomyocytes; sildenafil was shown to activate myocardial protein kinase G, improve cardiac protein quality control and slow down the progression of cardiac proteinopathy in mice. This identifies the first clinically used drug that is capable of benign proteasome enhancement and unveils a potentially novel cardioprotective mechanism for sildenafil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanming Zhang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
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29
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Bakthisaran R, Akula KK, Tangirala R, Rao CM. Phosphorylation of αB-crystallin: Role in stress, aging and patho-physiological conditions. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:167-82. [PMID: 26415747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND αB-crystallin, once thought to be a lenticular protein, is ubiquitous and has critical roles in several cellular processes that are modulated by phosphorylation. Serine residues 19, 45 and 59 of αB-crystallin undergo phosphorylation. Phosphorylation of S45 is mediated by p44/42 MAP kinase, whereas S59 phosphorylation is mediated by MAPKAP kinase-2. Pathway involved in S19 phosphorylation is not known. SCOPE OF REVIEW The review highlights the role of phosphorylation in (i) oligomeric structure, stability and chaperone activity, (ii) cellular processes such as apoptosis, myogenic differentiation, cell cycle regulation and angiogenesis, and (iii) aging, stress, cardiomyopathy-causing αB-crystallin mutants, and in other diseases. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Depending on the context and extent of phosphorylation, αB-crystallin seems to confer beneficial or deleterious effects. Phosphorylation alters structure, stability, size distribution and dynamics of the oligomeric assembly, thus modulating chaperone activity and various cellular processes. Phosphorylated αB-crystallin has a tendency to partition to the cytoskeleton and hence to the insoluble fraction. Low levels of phosphorylation appear to be protective, while hyperphosphorylation has negative implications. Mutations in αB-crystallin, such as R120G, Q151X and 464delCT, associated with inherited myofibrillar myopathy lead to hyperphosphorylation and intracellular inclusions. An ongoing study in our laboratory with phosphorylation-mimicking mutants indicates that phosphorylation of R120GαB-crystallin increases its propensity to aggregate. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Phosphorylation of αB-crystallin has dual role that manifests either beneficial or deleterious consequences depending on the extent of phosphorylation and interaction with cytoskeleton. Considering that disease-causing mutants of αB-crystallin are hyperphosphorylated, moderation of phosphorylation may be a useful strategy in disease management. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Crystallin Biochemistry in Health and Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Bakthisaran
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Kranthi Kiran Akula
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ramakrishna Tangirala
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ch Mohan Rao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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30
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Su H, Li J, Zhang H, Ma W, Wei N, Liu J, Wang X. COP9 signalosome controls the degradation of cytosolic misfolded proteins and protects against cardiac proteotoxicity. Circ Res 2015; 117:956-66. [PMID: 26383969 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.115.306783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Impaired degradation of misfolded proteins is associated with a large subset of heart diseases. Misfolded proteins are degraded primarily by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, but the ubiquitin ligases responsible for the degradation remain largely unidentified. The cullin deneddylation activity of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) requires all 8 CSN subunits (CSN1 through CSN8) and regulates cullin-RING ligases, thereby controlling ubiquitination of a large number of proteins; however, neither CSN nor cullin-RING ligases is known to regulate the degradation of cytosolic misfolded proteins. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the role of CSN8/CSN in misfolded protein degradation and cardiac proteinopathy. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac CSN8 knockout causes mouse premature death; hence, CSN8 hypomorphism (CSN8(hypo)) mice were used. Myocardial neddylated forms of cullins were markedly increased, and myocardial capacity of degrading a surrogate misfolded protein was significantly reduced by CSN8 hypomorphism. When introduced into proteinopathic mice in which a bona fide misfolded protein R120G missense mutation of αβ-crystallin (CryAB(R120G)) is overexpressed in the heart, CSN8 hypomorphism aggravated CryAB(R120G)-induced restrictive cardiomyopathy and shortened the lifespan of CryAB(R120G) mice, which was associated with augmented accumulation of protein aggregates, increased neddylated proteins, and reduced levels of total ubiquitinated proteins and LC3-II in the heart. In cultured cardiomyocytes, both CSN8 knockdown and cullin-RING ligase inactivation suppressed the ubiquitination and degradation of CryAB(R120G) but not native CryAB, resulting in accumulation of protein aggregates and exacerbation of CryAB(R120G) cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS (1) CSN8/CSN promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of misfolded proteins and protects against cardiac proteotoxicity, and (2) cullin-RING ligases participate in degradation of cytosolic misfolded proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Su
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (H.S., J.Liu, X.W.); Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion (H.S., J.Li, H.Z., J.Liu, X.W.); Vascular Biology Center (H.S., J.Li, W.M.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta; and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (N.W.)
| | - Jie Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (H.S., J.Liu, X.W.); Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion (H.S., J.Li, H.Z., J.Liu, X.W.); Vascular Biology Center (H.S., J.Li, W.M.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta; and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (N.W.)
| | - Hanming Zhang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (H.S., J.Liu, X.W.); Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion (H.S., J.Li, H.Z., J.Liu, X.W.); Vascular Biology Center (H.S., J.Li, W.M.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta; and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (N.W.)
| | - Wenxia Ma
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (H.S., J.Liu, X.W.); Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion (H.S., J.Li, H.Z., J.Liu, X.W.); Vascular Biology Center (H.S., J.Li, W.M.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta; and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (N.W.)
| | - Ning Wei
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (H.S., J.Liu, X.W.); Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion (H.S., J.Li, H.Z., J.Liu, X.W.); Vascular Biology Center (H.S., J.Li, W.M.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta; and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (N.W.)
| | - Jinbao Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (H.S., J.Liu, X.W.); Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion (H.S., J.Li, H.Z., J.Liu, X.W.); Vascular Biology Center (H.S., J.Li, W.M.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta; and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (N.W.).
| | - Xuejun Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (H.S., J.Liu, X.W.); Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion (H.S., J.Li, H.Z., J.Liu, X.W.); Vascular Biology Center (H.S., J.Li, W.M.) and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (H.S.), Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta; and Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT (N.W.).
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Ranek MJ, Zheng H, Huang W, Kumarapeli AR, Li J, Liu J, Wang X. Genetically induced moderate inhibition of 20S proteasomes in cardiomyocytes facilitates heart failure in mice during systolic overload. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 85:273-81. [PMID: 26116868 PMCID: PMC4530032 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo function status of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in pressure overloaded hearts remains undefined. Cardiotoxicity was observed during proteasome inhibitor chemotherapy, especially in those with preexisting cardiovascular conditions; however, proteasome inhibition (PsmI) was also suggested by some experimental studies as a potential therapeutic strategy to curtail cardiac hypertrophy. Here we used genetic approaches to probe cardiac UPS performance and determine the impact of cardiomyocyte-restricted PsmI (CR-PsmI) on cardiac responses to systolic overload. Transgenic mice expressing an inverse reporter of the UPS (GFPdgn) were subject to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to probe myocardial UPS performance during systolic overload. Mice with or without moderate CR-PsmI were subject to TAC and temporally characterized for cardiac responses to moderate and severe systolic overload. After moderate TAC (pressure gradient: ~40mmHg), cardiac UPS function was upregulated during the first two weeks but turned to functional insufficiency between 6 and 12weeks as evidenced by the dynamic changes in GFPdgn protein levels, proteasome peptidase activities, and total ubiquitin conjugates. Severe TAC (pressure gradients >60mmHg) led to UPS functional insufficiency within a week. Moderate TAC elicited comparable hypertrophic responses between mice with and without genetic CR-PsmI but caused cardiac malfunction in CR-PsmI mice significantly earlier than those without CR-PsmI. In mice subject to severe TAC, CR-PsmI inhibited cardiac hypertrophy but led to rapidly progressed heart failure and premature death, associated with a pronounced increase in cardiomyocyte death. It is concluded that cardiac UPS function is dynamically altered, with the initial brief upregulation of proteasome function being adaptive; and CR-PsmI facilitates cardiac malfunction during systolic overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Ranek
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Hanqiao Zheng
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Wei Huang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Asangi R Kumarapeli
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Jie Li
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510182, China.
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
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32
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Der Perng M, Quinlan RA. The Dynamic Duo of Small Heat Proteins and IFs Maintain Cell Homeostasis, Resist Cellular Stress and Enable Evolution in Cells and Tissues. HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-16077-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Bozaykut P, Ozer NK, Karademir B. Regulation of protein turnover by heat shock proteins. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 77:195-209. [PMID: 25236750 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Protein turnover reflects the balance between synthesis and degradation of proteins, and it is a crucial process for the maintenance of the cellular protein pool. The folding of proteins, refolding of misfolded proteins, and also degradation of misfolded and damaged proteins are involved in the protein quality control (PQC) system. Correct protein folding and degradation are controlled by many different factors, one of the most important of which is the heat shock protein family. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are in the class of molecular chaperones, which may prevent the inappropriate interaction of proteins and induce correct folding. On the other hand, these proteins play significant roles in the degradation pathways, including endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy. This review focuses on the emerging role of HSPs in the regulation of protein turnover; the effects of HSPs on the degradation machineries ERAD, autophagy, and proteasome; as well as the role of posttranslational modifications in the PQC system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perinur Bozaykut
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Kartal Ozer
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Karademir
- Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, 34854 Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
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34
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Pereira MBM, Santos AM, Gonçalves DC, Cardoso AC, Consonni SR, Gozzo FC, Oliveira PS, Pereira AHM, Figueiredo AR, Tiroli-Cepeda AO, Ramos CHI, de Thomaz AA, Cesar CL, Franchini KG. αB-crystallin interacts with and prevents stress-activated proteolysis of focal adhesion kinase by calpain in cardiomyocytes. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5159. [PMID: 25319025 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) contributes to cellular homeostasis under stress conditions. Here we show that αB-crystallin interacts with and confers protection to FAK against calpain-mediated proteolysis in cardiomyocytes. A hydrophobic patch mapped between helices 1 and 4 of the FAK FAT domain was found to bind to the β4-β8 groove of αB-crystallin. Such an interaction requires FAK tyrosine 925 and is enhanced following its phosphorylation by Src, which occurs upon FAK stimulation. αB-crystallin silencing results in calpain-dependent FAK depletion and in the increased apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in response to mechanical stress. FAK overexpression protects cardiomyocytes depleted of αB-crystallin against the stretch-induced apoptosis. Consistently, load-induced apoptosis is blunted in the hearts from cardiac-specific FAK transgenic mice transiently depleted of αB-crystallin by RNA interference. These studies define a role for αB-crystallin in controlling FAK function and cardiomyocyte survival through the prevention of calpain-mediated degradation of FAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle B M Pereira
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Aline M Santos
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Danieli C Gonçalves
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Alisson C Cardoso
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Sílvio R Consonni
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Fabio C Gozzo
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Oliveira
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena M Pereira
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Alana R Figueiredo
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ana O Tiroli-Cepeda
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos H I Ramos
- Chemistry Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - André A de Thomaz
- Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Carlos L Cesar
- Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Kleber G Franchini
- 1] Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences, Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, São Paulo 13084-971, Brazil [2] Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13081-970, Brazil
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Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading global cause of mortality, morbidity, and disability. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a highly conserved family of proteins with diverse functions expressed by all cells exposed to environmental stress. Studies have reported that several HSPs may be potential risk markers of atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases, or may be directly involved in the atherogenic process itself. HSPs are expressed by cells in atherosclerotic plaque and anti-HSP has been reported to be increased in patients with vascular disease. Autoimmune responses may be generated against antigens present within the atherosclerotic plaque, including HSP and may lead to a cycle of ongoing vascular injury. It has been suggested that by inducing a state of tolerance to these antigens, the atherogenic process may be limited and thus provide a potential therapeutic approach. It has been suggested that anti-HSPs are independent predictors of risk of vascular disease. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of HSP in cardiovascular disease and highlight their potential role as diagnostic agents and therapeutic targets.
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36
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Bian Z, Dai J, Hiroyasu N, Guan H, Yuan Y, Gan L, Zhou H, Zong J, Zhang Y, Li F, Yan L, Shen D, Li H, Tang Q. Disruption of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 5 exacerbates pressure overload cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115:349-58. [PMID: 24038435 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic signaling protein tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5), which was identified as a signal transducer for members of the TNF receptor super-family, has been implicated in several biological functions in T/B lymphocytes and the innate immune response against viral infection. However, the role of TRAF5 in cardiac hypertrophy has not been reported. In the present study, we investigated the effect of TRAF5 on the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by transthoracic aorta constriction (TAC) and further explored the underlying molecular mechanisms. Cardiac hypertrophy and function were evaluated with echocardiography, hemodynamic measurements, pathological and molecular analyses. For the first time, we found that TRAF5 deficiency substantially aggravated cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis in response to pressure overload after 4 weeks of TAC compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Moreover, the mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK)-extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway was more activated in TRAF5-deficient mice than WT mice. In conclusion, our results suggest that as an intrinsic cardioprotective factor, TRAF5 plays a crucial role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy through the negative regulation of the MEK-ERK1/2 pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 115: 349-358, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyan Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
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37
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Ranek MJ, Kost CK, Hu C, Martin DS, Wang X. Muscarinic 2 receptors modulate cardiac proteasome function in a protein kinase G-dependent manner. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 69:43-51. [PMID: 24508699 PMCID: PMC3977985 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Proteasome function insufficiency and inadequate protein quality control are strongly implicated in a large subset of cardiovascular disease and may play an important role in their pathogenesis. Protein degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome system can be physiologically regulated. Cardiac muscarinic 2 (M2) receptors were pharmacologically interrogated in intact mice and cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs). Proteasome-mediated proteolysis was measured with a surrogate misfolded protein, proteasome peptidase assay, and by characterizing key proteasome subunits. Successful M2 receptor manipulation in cardiomyocytes was determined by measuring an endogenous protein substrate, and in mice, the cardiovascular physiological response. M2 receptor stimulation was associated with increased proteasome-mediated proteolysis and enhanced peptidase activities, while M2 receptor inhibition yielded opposing results. Additionally, M2 receptor manipulation did not alter abundance of the key proteasome subunits, Rpt6 and β5, but significantly shifted their isoelectric points. Inhibition of protein kinase G abrogated the stimulatory effects on proteasome-mediated proteolysis from M2 receptor activation. We conclude that M2 receptor stimulation enhances, whereas M2 receptor inhibition reduces, proteasome-mediated proteolysis likely through posttranslational modifications. Protein kinase G appears to be the mediator of the M2 receptors actions.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Blotting, Western
- Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/genetics
- Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Proteolysis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Rats
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/genetics
- Receptor, Muscarinic M2/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction
- Ubiquitin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Ranek
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Curtis K Kost
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Chengjun Hu
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Douglas S Martin
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
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38
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Tarone G, Balligand JL, Bauersachs J, Clerk A, De Windt L, Heymans S, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Hirsch E, Iaccarino G, Knöll R, Leite-Moreira AF, Lourenço AP, Mayr M, Thum T, Tocchetti CG. Targeting myocardial remodelling to develop novel therapies for heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2014; 16:494-508. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Tarone
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute; Università di Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pole de Pharmacologie et Thérapeutique (UCL-FATH) and Department of Medicine, Cliniques Saint-Luc; Université catholique de Louvain; Bruxelles Belgium
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology; Medizinische Hochschule-Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - Angela Clerk
- School of Biological Sciences; University of Reading; Reading UK
| | - Leon De Windt
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases; Maastricht University; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM); Maastricht University; The Netherlands
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology; Medizinische Hochschule-Hannover; Hannover Germany
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze per la Salute; Università di Torino; Torino Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Facoltà di Medicina; Università di Salerno; Salerno Italy
- IRCCS ‘Multimedica’; Milano Italy
| | - Ralph Knöll
- National Heart & Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - Adelino F. Leite-Moreira
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - André P. Lourenço
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre; King's College London; London UK
| | - Thomas Thum
- National Heart & Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
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Marunouchi T, Inomata S, Sanbe A, Takagi N, Tanonaka K. Protective effect of geranylgeranylacetone via enhanced induction of HSPB1 and HSPB8 in mitochondria of the failing heart following myocardial infarction in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 730:140-7. [PMID: 24631258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying mitochondrial impairment in the failing heart are not yet clear. In a previous study, we found that the levels of small heat shock proteins (HSP) such as mitochondrial HSPB1 and HSPB8 in the failing heart following myocardial infarction were decreased. In the present study, to verify the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction in the failing heart is associated with alterations in mitochondrial small heat shock proteins, we examined the effects of geranylgeranylacetone, a heat shock protein inducer, on the cardiac mitochondrial function after myocardial infarction. When hemodynamic parameters of rats with myocardial infarction were measured at the 8th (8W) week after coronary artery ligation (CAL), the 8W-CAL showed signs of chronic heart failure concomitant with a reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate. HSPB1 and HSPB8 contents in the mitochondrial fraction prepared from the failing heart were decreased, suggesting that an attenuation of mitochondrial translocation of HSPB1 and HSPB8 had led to an impairment of mitochondrial energy-producing ability. Geranylgeranylacetone treatment from the 2nd to 8th week after myocardial infarction attenuated the reduction in mitochondrial HSPB1 and HSPB8 contents. Furthermore, the mitochondrial energy-producing ability and cardiac pump function were preserved by orally administered geranylgeranylacetone during the development of heart failure. These results suggest that the induction of small heat shock proteins in the infarcted heart by geranylgeranylacetone treatment contributed to the preservation of mitochondrial function, leading to an improvement of cardiac contractile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Marunouchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Satomi Inomata
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sanbe
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Nishitokuta, Yahaba, Siwa, Iwate 028-3603, Japan
| | - Norio Takagi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kouichi Tanonaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
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40
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Tarone G, Brancaccio M. Keep your heart in shape: molecular chaperone networks for treating heart disease. Cardiovasc Res 2014; 102:346-61. [PMID: 24585203 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major advances in the treatment of cardiac diseases, there is still a great need for drugs capable of counteracting the deterioration of cardiac muscle function in congestive heart failure. The role of misfolded protein accumulation as a causal event in the physiopathology of common cardiac diseases is an important emerging concept. Indeed, diverse stress conditions, including mechanical stretching and oxidative stress, can induce misfolded protein accumulation, causing cardiomyocyte death. Cells react to these stress conditions by activating molecular chaperones, a class of proteins that represents an endogenous salvage machinery, essential for rescuing physiological cell functions and sustaining cell survival. Chaperones, also known as heat shock proteins (Hsps), prevent accumulation of damaged proteins by promoting either their refolding or degradation via the proteasome or the autophagosome systems. In addition, molecular chaperones play a key role in intracellular signalling by controlling conformational changes required for activation/deactivation of signalling proteins, and their assembly in specific signalosome complexes. The key role of molecular chaperones in heart function is highlighted by the fact that a number of genetic mutations in chaperone proteins result in different forms of cardiomyopathies. Moreover, a considerable amount of experimental evidence indicates that increasing expression of chaperone proteins leads to an important cardio-protective role in ischaemia/reperfusion injury, heart failure, and arrhythmia, implicating these molecules as potential innovative therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Tarone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Mara Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Via Nizza 52, Torino 10126, Italy
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41
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Boelens WC. Cell biological roles of αB-crystallin. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 115:3-10. [PMID: 24576798 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
αB-crystallin, also called HspB5, is a molecular chaperone able to interact with unfolding proteins. By interacting, it inhibits further unfolding, thereby preventing protein aggregation and allowing ATP-dependent chaperones to refold the proteins. αB-crystallin belongs to the family of small heat-shock proteins (sHsps), which in humans consists of 10 different members. The protein forms large oligomeric complexes, containing up to 40 or more subunits, which in vivo consist of heterooligomeric complexes formed by a mixture of αB-crystallin and other sHsps. αB-crystallin is highly expressed in the lens and to a lesser extent in several other tissues, among which heart, skeletal muscle and brain. αB-crystallin plays a role in several cellular processes, such as signal transduction, protein degradation, stabilization of cytoskeletal structures and apoptosis. Mutations in the αB-crystallin gene can have detrimental effects, leading to pathologies such as cataract and cardiomyopathy. This review describes the biological roles of αB-crystallin, with a special focus on its function in the eye lens, heart muscle and brain. In addition its therapeutic potential is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilbert C Boelens
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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42
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Jørgensen A, Foster PP, Brubakk AO, Eftedal I. Effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on cardiac stress markers after simulated diving. Physiol Rep 2013; 1:e00169. [PMID: 24400168 PMCID: PMC3871481 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO-PC) can protect the heart from injury during subsequent ischemia. The presence of high loads of venous gas emboli (VGE) induced by a rapid ambient pressure reduction on ascent from diving may cause ischemia and acute heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diving-induced VGE formation on cardiac stress marker levels and the cardioprotective effect of HBO-PC. To induce high loads of VGE, 63 female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a rapid ambient pressure reduction from a simulated saturation dive (50 min at 709 kPa) in a pressure chamber. VGE loads were measured for 60 min in anesthetized animals by the use of ultrasonography. The animals were divided into five groups. Three groups were exposed to either diving or to HBO-PC (100% oxygen, 38 min at 303 kPa) with a 45 or 180 min interval between HBO-PC and diving. Two additional groups were used as baseline controls for the measurements; one group was exposed to equal handling except for HBO-PC and diving, and the other group was completely unexposed. Diving caused high loads of VGE, as well as elevated levels of the cardiac stress markers, cardiac troponin T (cTnT), natriuretic peptide precursor B (Nppb), and αB-crystallin, in blood and cardiac tissue. There were strong positive correlations between VGE loads and stress marker levels after diving, and HBO-PC appeared to have a cardioprotective effect, as indicated by the lower levels of stress marker expression after diving-induced VGE formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arve Jørgensen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Olavs University HospitalTrondheim, Norway
| | - Philip P Foster
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep Medicine, and Critical Care, Departments of Internal Medicine and NanoMedicine and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonTexas
| | - Alf O Brubakk
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway
| | - Ingrid Eftedal
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim, Norway
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43
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Prévilon M, Le Gall M, Chafey P, Federeci C, Pezet M, Clary G, Broussard C, François G, Mercadier JJ, Rouet-Benzineb P. Comparative differential proteomic profiles of nonfailing and failing hearts after in vivo thoracic aortic constriction in mice overexpressing FKBP12.6. Physiol Rep 2013; 1:e00039. [PMID: 24303125 PMCID: PMC3834996 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pressure overload (PO) induces pathological left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) leading to congestive heart failure (HF). Overexpression of FKBP12.6 (FK506-binding protein [K]) in mice should prevent Ca2+-leak during diastole and may improve overall cardiac function. In order to decipher molecular mechanisms involved in thoracic aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiac remodeling and the influence of gender and genotype, we performed a proteomic analysis using two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics techniques to identify alterations in characteristic biological networks. Wild-type (W) and K mice of both genders underwent TAC. Thirty days post-TAC, the altered cardiac remodeling was accompanied with systolic and diastolic dysfunction in all experimental groups. A gender difference in inflammatory protein expression (fibrinogen, α-1-antitrypsin isoforms) and in calreticulin occurred (males > females). Detoxification enzymes and cytoskeletal proteins were noticeably increased in K mice. Both non- and congestive failing mouse heart exhibited down- and upregulation of proteins related to mitochondrial function and purine metabolism, respectively. HF was characterized by a decrease in enzymes related to iron homeostasis, and altered mitochondrial protein expression related to fatty acid metabolism, glycolysis, and redox balance. Moreover, two distinct differential protein profiles characterized TAC-induced pathological LVH and congestive HF in all TAC mice. FKBP12.6 overexpression did not influence TAC-induced deleterious effects. Huntingtin was revealed as a potential mediator for HF. A broad dysregulation of signaling proteins associated with congestive HF suggested that different sets of proteins could be selected as useful biomarkers for HF progression and might predict outcome in PO-induced pathological LVH.
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Chang YW, Chang YT, Wang Q, Lin JJC, Chen YJ, Chen CC. Quantitative phosphoproteomic study of pressure-overloaded mouse heart reveals dynamin-related protein 1 as a modulator of cardiac hypertrophy. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:3094-107. [PMID: 23882026 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.027649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pressure-overload stress to the heart causes pathological cardiac hypertrophy, which increases the risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality. However, the detailed signaling pathways induced by pressure overload remain unclear. Here we used phosphoproteomics to delineate signaling pathways in the myocardium responding to acute pressure overload and chronic hypertrophy in mice. Myocardial samples at 4 time points (10, 30, 60 min and 2 weeks) after transverse aortic banding (TAB) in mice underwent quantitative phosphoproteomics assay. Temporal phosphoproteomics profiles showed 360 phosphorylation sites with significant regulation after TAB. Multiple mechanical stress sensors were activated after acute pressure overload. Gene ontology analysis revealed differential phosphorylation between hearts with acute pressure overload and chronic hypertrophy. Most interestingly, analysis of the cardiac hypertrophy pathway revealed phosphorylation of the mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) by prohypertrophic kinases. Phosphorylation of DRP1 S622 was confirmed in TAB-treated mouse hearts and phenylephrine (PE)-treated rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. TAB-treated mouse hearts showed phosphorylation-mediated mitochondrial translocation of DRP1. Inhibition of DRP1 with the small-molecule inhibitor mdivi-1 reduced the TAB-induced hypertrophic responses. Mdivi-1 also prevented PE-induced hypertrophic growth and oxygen consumption in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. We reveal the signaling responses of the heart to pressure stress in vivo and in vitro. DRP1 may be important in the development of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wang Chang
- Molecular Medicine Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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45
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Su H, Li J, Osinska H, Li F, Robbins J, Liu J, Wei N, Wang X. The COP9 signalosome is required for autophagy, proteasome-mediated proteolysis, and cardiomyocyte survival in adult mice. Circ Heart Fail 2013; 6:1049-57. [PMID: 23873473 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.113.000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is an evolutionarily conserved protein complex composed of 8 unique protein subunits (CSN1 through CSN8). We have recently discovered in perinatal mouse hearts that CSN regulates not only proteasome-mediated proteolysis but also macroautophagy. However, the physiological significance of CSN in a post-mitotic organ of adult vertebrates has not been determined. We sought to study the physiological role of CSN8/CSN in adult mouse hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS Csn8 was conditionally ablated in the cardiomyocytes of adult mice (CSN8(CKO)) using a temporally controlled Cre-LoxP system. Loss of CSN8 accumulated the neddylated forms of cullins and noncullin proteins, increased ubiquitinated proteins, and stabilized a surrogate substrate of the proteasome in the heart. Autophagic flux was significantly decreased, whereas autophagosomes were markedly increased in CSN8(CKO) hearts, indicative of impaired autophagosome removal. Furthermore, we observed increased oxidized proteins, massive necrotic cardiomyocytes, and morphological and functional changes characteristic of dilated cardiomyopathy in CSN8(CKO) mice. CONCLUSIONS CSN deneddylates substrates more than cullins and is indispensable to cardiomyocyte survival in not only perinatal hearts but also adult hearts. CSN8/CSN regulates both proteasome-mediated proteolysis and the autophagic-lysosomal pathway, critical to the removal of oxidized proteins in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabo Su
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD
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46
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Abstract
Protein quality control functions to minimize the level and toxicity of misfolded proteins in the cell. Protein quality control is performed by intricate collaboration among chaperones and target protein degradation. The latter is performed primarily by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and perhaps autophagy. Terminally misfolded proteins that are not timely removed tend to form aggregates. Their clearance requires macroautophagy. Macroautophagy serves in intracellular quality control also by selectively segregating defective organelles (eg, mitochondria) and targeting them for degradation by the lysosome. Inadequate protein quality control is observed in a large subset of failing human hearts with a variety of causes, and its pathogenic role has been experimentally demonstrated. Multiple posttranslational modifications can occur to substrate proteins and protein quality control machineries, promoting or hindering the removal of the misfolded proteins. This article highlights recent advances in posttranslational modification-mediated regulation of intracellular quality control mechanisms and its known involvement in cardiac pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, 414 East Clark St, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
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Martinez E, Gérard N, Garcia MM, Mazur A, Guéant-Rodriguez RM, Comte B, Guéant JL, Brachet P. Myocardium proteome remodelling after nutritional deprivation of methyl donors. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:1241-50. [PMID: 23318136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Methyl donor (MD: folate, vitamin B12 and choline) deficiency causes hyperhomocysteinemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms of the association between MD deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, and cardiomyopathy remain unclear. Therefore, we performed a proteomic analysis of myocardium of pups from rat dams fed a MD-depleted diet to understand the impact of MD deficiency on heart at the protein level. Two-dimension gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry-based analyses allowed us to identify 39 proteins with significantly altered abundance in MD-deficient myocardium. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed that 87% of them fitted to a single protein network associated with developmental disorder, cellular compromise and lipid metabolism. Concurrently increased protein carbonylation, the major oxidative post-translational protein modification, could contribute to the decreased abundance of many myocardial proteins after MD deficiency. To decipher the effect of MD deficiency on the abundance of specific proteins identified in vivo, we developed an in vitro model using the cardiomyoblast cell line H9c2. After a 4-day exposure to a MD-deprived (vs. complete) medium, cells were deficient of folate and vitamin B12, and released abnormal amounts of homocysteine. Western blot analyses of pup myocardium and H9c2 cells yielded similar findings for several proteins. Of specific interest is the result showing increased and decreased abundances of prohibitin and α-crystallin B, respectively, which underlines mitochondrial injury and endoplasmic reticulum stress within MD deficiency. The in vitro findings validate the MD-deficient H9c2 cells as a relevant model for studying mechanisms of the early metabolic changes occurring in cardiac cells after MD deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Martinez
- INRA-Theix, UMR1019, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand, France
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48
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Ye Y, Yan G, Luo Y, Tong T, Liu X, Xin C, Liao M, Fan H. Quantitative Proteomics by Amino Acid Labeling in Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV)-Infected Cells. J Proteome Res 2012; 12:363-77. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300611e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine
Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou
510642, China
- College of
Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou
510642, China
| | - Guangrong Yan
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering and National Engineering
and Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yongwen Luo
- College of
Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tiezhu Tong
- Huizhou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiologic Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China
| | - Chaoan Xin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine
Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou
510642, China
- College of
Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou
510642, China
| | - Ming Liao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine
Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou
510642, China
- College of
Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou
510642, China
| | - Huiying Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine
Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou
510642, China
- College of
Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- National and Regional Joint Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Guangzhou
510642, China
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49
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Ubiquitin receptors and protein quality control. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 55:73-84. [PMID: 23046644 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein quality control (PQC) is essential to intracellular proteostasis and is carried out by sophisticated collaboration between molecular chaperones and targeted protein degradation. The latter is performed by proteasome-mediated degradation, chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), and selective macroautophagy, and collectively serves as the final line of defense of PQC. Ubiquitination and subsequently ubiquitin (Ub) receptor proteins (e.g., p62 and ubiquilins) are important common factors for targeting misfolded proteins to multiple quality control destinies, including the proteasome, lysosomes, and perhaps aggresomes, as well as for triggering mitophagy to remove defective mitochondria. PQC inadequacy, particularly proteasome functional insufficiency, has been shown to participate in cardiac pathogenesis. Tremendous advances have been made in unveiling the changes of PQC in cardiac diseases. However, the investigation into the molecular pathways regulating PQC in cardiac (patho)physiology, including the function of most ubiquitin receptor proteins in the heart, has only recently been initiated. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms governing PQC in cardiac physiology and pathology will undoubtedly provide new insights into cardiac pathogenesis and promote the search for novel therapeutic strategies to more effectively battle heart disease.This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Focus on Cardiac Metabolism".
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50
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Zhao HX, Niu CM, Guan WY. Microarray-based gene expression profiles in rabbit retina due to negative pressure suction. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:2277-87. [PMID: 22653643 DOI: 10.4238/2012.may.18.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated a possible molecular pathogenesis involving retinal ganglion cell apoptosis following transient high intraocular pressure. Changes in the gene expression profiles of the retina were detected via gene chip methodology. Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to control and 3-min negative pressure suction groups. The control group was treated only with a laser, and the experimental group was also treated with suction for 3 min, using a negative pressure generator. Total RNA was then extracted from the retinal tissue at different recovery stages to analyze gene expression profiles using the Agilent rabbit one-way gene chip. The groups were then compared. Immediately after negative pressure suction induction, 704 genes were differentially expressed. Among these, 485 genes were upregulated, and 219 were downregulated. Expression of the genes encoding CRYAA, CRYAB, and TLR3 genes, which are involved in apoptosis, was elevated. The KRT18 gene, which is involved in apoptosis, had reduced expression. Seven days after negative pressure suction, 482 genes were differentially expressed. Among these, 178 genes were upregulated, and 304 were downregulated. Expression of the genes encoding CRYAB, IL1-BETA and IL1R1, which are involved in apoptosis, was upregulated. Ten days after negative pressure suction, 402 genes were differentially expressed. Of these, 213 genes were upregulated, and 189 were downregulated. Apoptosis genes CRYAB, CRYBA3, CRYBB2, IL1- BETA, and IL1R1 showed higher expression levels. We concluded that negative pressure suction for long periods of time (for example, 3 min) results in changes in gene expression. Genes with higher fold changes help protect retinal ganglion cells from apoptosis. We suggest that promoting the expression of these genes should be considered as a new means for treating ischemic-hypoxic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H X Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
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