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Li X, Sun H, Zhang L, Liang H, Zhang B, Yang J, Peng X, Sun J, Zhou Y, Zhai M, Jiang L, Zhu H, Duan W. GDF15 attenuates sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by inhibiting cardiomyocytes ferroptosis via the SOCS1/GPX4 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 982:176894. [PMID: 39147013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome triggered by infection, presenting with symptoms such as fever, increased heart rate, and low blood pressure. In severe cases, it can lead to multiple organ dysfunction, posing a life-threatening risk. Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is a critical factor in the poor prognosis of septic patients, leading to myocardial dysfunction characterized by cell death, inflammation, and diminished cardiac function. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death, is a key mechanism causing cardiomyocyte damage in SIC. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is associated with various cardiovascular diseases and can inhibit oxidative stress, reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS), and suppress ferroptosis. Elevated serum GDF15 levels in sepsis are correlated with organ injuries, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. However, its role and mechanisms in SIC remain unclear. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), the only enzyme capable of reducing lipid peroxides within cells, protects cells by reducing lipid peroxidation levels and inhibiting ferroptosis. Investigating the regulatory factors of GPX4 may provide a theoretical basis for SIC treatment. In this study, a mouse SIC model revealed that elevated GDF15 exerts a protective effect. Antagonizing GDF15 exacerbates myocardial damage. Through transcriptomic analysis and other methods, we confirmed that GDF15 inhibits the expression of SOCS1 by activating the ALK5-SMAD2/3 pathway, thereby activates the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, promotes the transcription of GPX4, inhibits ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes, and plays a myocardial protective role in SIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - He Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hongliang Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Surgery, The 954th Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Shannan, 856100, China
| | - Jiachang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiangyan Peng
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jingwei Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Mengen Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Liqing Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Hanzhao Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Wen R, Zhang TN, Yang N. [Recent research on pyroptosis in sepsis-induced myocardial depression]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2024; 26:774-781. [PMID: 39014956 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2312039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial depression (SIMD), a common complication of sepsis, is one of the main causes of death in patients with sepsis. The pathogenesis of SIMD is complicated, and the process of SIMD remains incompletely understood, with no single or definitive mechanism fully elucidated. Notably, pyroptosis, as a pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, is characterized by Gasdermin-mediated formation of pores on the cell membrane, cell swelling, and cell rupture accompanied by the release of large amounts of inflammatory factors and other cellular contents. Mechanistically, pyroptosis is mainly divided into the canonical pathway mediated by caspase-1 and the non-canonical pathway mediated by caspase-4/5/11. Pyroptosis has been confirmed to participate in various inflammation-associated diseases. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that pyroptosis is also involved in the occurrence and development of SIMD. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis and its research progress in SIMD, aiming to provide novel strategies and targets for the treatment of SIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Wen
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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Shi M, Zhang S, Rong J, Heng Z, Xu Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Identification of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid as an AGT inhibitor against LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction via high throughput screening. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116127. [PMID: 38490519 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is a serious complication of sepsis. There is increasing evidence that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is activated in SIMD. Angiotensinogen (AGT) is a precursor of the RAS, and the inhibition of AGT may have significant cardiovascular benefits. But until now, there have been no reports of small molecule drugs targeting AGT. In this study, we designed a promoter-luciferase based system to screen for novel AGT inhibitors to alleviate SIMD. As a result of high-throughput screening, a total of 5 compounds from 351 medicinal herb-derived natural compounds were found inhibiting AGT. 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA) was further identified as a potent suppressor of AGT. In vitro experiments, 18βGA could inhibit the secretion of AGT by HepG2 cells and alleviate the elevated level of mitochondrial oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes co-cultured with HepG2 supernatants. In vivo, 18βGA prolonged the survival rate of SIMD mice, enhanced cardiac function, and inhibited the damage of mitochondrial function and inflammation. In addition, the results showed that 18βGA may reduce AGT transcription by downregulating hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) and that further alleviated SIMD. In conclusion, we provided a more efficient screening strategy for AGT inhibitors and expanded the novel role of 18βGA as a promising lead compound in rescuing cardiovascular disease associated with RAS overactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiabing Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Zetao Heng
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yinchuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zhaocai Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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Daugherty A, Sawada H, Sheppard MB, Lu HS. Angiotensinogen as a Therapeutic Target for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:1021-1030. [PMID: 38572647 PMCID: PMC11225801 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.124.318374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
AGT (angiotensinogen) is the unique precursor for the generation of all the peptides of the renin-angiotensin system, but it has received relatively scant attention compared to many other renin-angiotensin system components. Focus on AGT has increased recently, particularly with the evolution of drugs to target the synthesis of the protein. AGT is a noninhibitory serpin that has several conserved domains in addition to the angiotensin II sequences at the N terminus. Increased study is needed on the structure-function relationship to resolve many unknowns regarding AGT metabolism. Constitutive whole-body genetic deletion of Agt in mice leads to multiple developmental defects creating a challenge to use these mice for mechanistic studies. This has been overcome by creating Agt-floxed mice to enable the development of cell-specific deficiencies that have provided considerable insight into a range of cardiovascular and associated diseases. This has been augmented by the recent development of pharmacological approaches targeting hepatocytes in humans to promote protracted inhibition of AGT synthesis. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of Agt has been demonstrated to be beneficial in a spectrum of diseases experimentally, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, aortic and superior mesenteric artery aneurysms, myocardial dysfunction, and hepatic steatosis. This review summarizes the findings of recent studies utilizing AGT manipulation as a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Mary B. Sheppard
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Hong S. Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Saha Aortic Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
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Yu YW, Chen X, Yan JY, Hu J, Huang KY, Ji KT, Cai HL. Phlorizin, a novel caloric restriction mimetic, stimulates hypoxia and protects cardiomyocytes through activating autophagy via modulating the Hif-1α/Bnip3 axis in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111241. [PMID: 37984253 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory syndrome that can lead to multiple organ dysfunction and life-threatening complications. Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) has been confirmed to be present in half of patients with septic shock, increasing their mortality rate to 70-90%. The pathogenesis of SIMD is complex, and no specific clinical treatment has yet been developed. Caloric restriction mimetics (CRM), compounds that simulate the biochemical and functional properties of CR, can improve cardiovascular injury by activating autophagy. This study investigated the effect of a new type of CRM which can induce hypoxia, the SGLT nonspecific inhibitor phlorizin on SIMD. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo, phlorizin was administered at 1 mg/kg/day intragastrically for 28 days. In vitro, AC16 was treated with 120 μM phlorizin for 48 h. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function. Myocardial injury markers were detected in serum and cell supernatant. Western blotting was employed to detect changed proteins associated with apoptosis and autophagy. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, co-immunoprecipitation, molecular docking, and other methods were also used to illustrate cellular changes. RESULTS In vivo, phlorizin significantly improved the survival rate and cardiac function after sepsis injury, reduced markers of myocardial injury, inhibited myocardial apoptosis and oxidative stress, and promoted autophagy. In vitro, phlorizin alleviated the apoptosis of AC16, as well as inhibited oxidative stress and apoptotic enzyme activity. Phlorizin acts on autophagy at multiple sites through low energy (activation of AMPK) and hypoxia (release of Beclin-1 by Hif-1α/Bnip3 axis), promoting the formation and degradation of autophagosomes. CONCLUSION We indicated for the first time that phlorizin could inhibit glucose uptake via GLUT-1 and conforms to the metabolic characteristics of CRM, it can induce the hypoxic transcriptional paradigm. In addition, it inhibits apoptosis and improves SIMD by promoting autophagy generation and unobstructing autophagy flux. Moreover, it affects autophagy by releasing Beclin-1 through the Hif-1α/Bnip3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Wei Yu
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 312500, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jue-Yue Yan
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Kai-Yu Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 312500, China
| | - Kang-Ting Ji
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 312500, China.
| | - Hong-Liu Cai
- Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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Li H, Zhu X, Cao X, Lu Y, Zhou J, Zhang X. Single-cell analysis reveals lysyl oxidase (Lox) + fibroblast subset involved in cardiac fibrosis of diabetic mice. J Adv Res 2023; 54:223-237. [PMID: 36706988 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction are the main characteristics of diabetic heart disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic myocardial fibrosis remain unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of cardiac fibroblasts in diabetic mice and its possible mechanism in the development of diabetic myocardial fibrosis. METHODS We established a diabetic mouse model by injecting mice with streptozotocin. The overall cell profiles in diabetic hearts were analyzed using single-cell RNA transcriptomic techniques. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Cardiac fibrosis was assessed by Masson's trichrome and Sirius red staining. Protein expression was analyzed using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS A total of 11,585 cells were captured in control (Ctrl) and diabetic (DM) hearts. Twelve cell types were identified in this study. The number of fibroblasts was significantly higher in the DM hearts than in the Ctrl group. The fibroblasts were further re-clustered into nine subsets. Interestingly, cluster 4 fibroblasts were significantly increased in diabetic hearts compared with other fibroblast clusters. Lysyl oxidase (Lox) was highly expressed in DM fibroblasts (especially in cluster 4). Beta-aminopropionitrile, a Lox inhibitor, inhibited collagen expression and alleviated cardiac dysfunction in the diabetic group. Lysyl oxidase inhibition also reduced high glucose-induced collagen protein upregulation in primary fibroblasts. Moreover, a TGF-β receptor inhibitor not only prevented an increase in Lox and Col I but also inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the heterogeneity of cardiac fibroblasts in diabetic mice for the first time. Fibroblasts with high expression of Lox (cluster 4 fibroblasts) were identified to play a crucial role in fibrosis in diabetic heart disease. The findings of this study may provide a possible therapeutic target for interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyangzi Li
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yicheng Lu
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine Sciences, and Department of Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Zhang Y, Fang XM. The pan-liver network theory: From traditional chinese medicine to western medicine. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:401-436. [PMID: 38149555 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-22-00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the liver is the "general organ" that is responsible for governing/maintaining the free flow of qi over the entire body and storing blood. According to the classic five elements theory, zang-xiang theory, yin-yang theory, meridians and collaterals theory, and the five-viscera correlation theory, the liver has essential relationships with many extrahepatic organs or tissues, such as the mother-child relationships between the liver and the heart, and the yin-yang and exterior-interior relationships between the liver and the gallbladder. The influences of the liver to the extrahepatic organs or tissues have been well-established when treating the extrahepatic diseases from the perspective of modulating the liver by using the ancient classic prescriptions of TCM and the acupuncture and moxibustion. In modern medicine, as the largest solid organ in the human body, the liver has the typical functions of filtration and storage of blood; metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, hormones, and foreign chemicals; formation of bile; storage of vitamins and iron; and formation of coagulation factors. The liver also has essential endocrine function, and acts as an immunological organ due to containing the resident immune cells. In the perspective of modern human anatomy, physiology, and pathophysiology, the liver has the organ interactions with the extrahepatic organs or tissues, for example, the gut, pancreas, adipose, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, kidney, brain, spleen, eyes, skin, bone, and sexual organs, through the circulation (including hemodynamics, redox signals, hepatokines, metabolites, and the translocation of microbiota or its products, such as endotoxins), the neural signals, or other forms of pathogenic factors, under normal or diseases status. The organ interactions centered on the liver not only influence the homeostasis of these indicated organs or tissues, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases (including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic [dysfunction]-associated fatty liver diseases, and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases), pulmonary diseases, hyperuricemia and gout, chronic kidney disease, and male and female sexual dysfunction. Therefore, based on TCM and modern medicine, the liver has the bidirectional interaction with the extrahepatic organ or tissue, and this established bidirectional interaction system may further interact with another one or more extrahepatic organs/tissues, thus depicting a complex "pan-hepatic network" model. The pan-hepatic network acts as one of the essential mechanisms of homeostasis and the pathogenesis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Zhang
- Department of Physiology; Research Centre of Basic Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong; Issue 12th of Guangxi Apprenticeship Education of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Shi-Cheng Class of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine), College of Continuing Education, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xian-Ming Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine (Guangxi Hospital of Integrated Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Ruikang Clinical Faculty of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine), Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Han X, Liu X, Zhao X, Wang X, Sun Y, Qu C, Liang J, Yang B. Dapagliflozin ameliorates sepsis-induced heart injury by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and electrical remodeling through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175930. [PMID: 37479014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-induced heart injury is one of the leading causes of circulation disorders worldwide. Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor mainly used for controlling blood glucose, has been shown to exert a protective effect on cardiomyocytes. However, the protective effect of dapagliflozin against sepsis-induced cardiac injury and the underlying mechanism needs to be studied. AIM This study aims to investigate the effect of dapagliflozin on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy and the potential mechanisms involved. METHODS The rat model of sepsis was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide. Echocardiography and electrophysiological studies were performed to detect changes in cardiac function and electrical activity. Cardiac pathological alternation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were measured by H&E staining, serological analysis, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, and TUNEL assays. Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of dapagliflozin. Additionally, corresponding experiments in H9c2 cells were performed to further validate the mechanisms in vitro. RESULTS Dapagliflozin improved cardiac dysfunction and reduced the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias in sepsis rats by ameliorating cardiac inflammation, suppressing cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and alleviating ventricular electrical remodeling. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor inhibited the anti-apoptotic effect of dapagliflozin, indicating that the protective effect was related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. CONCLUSION Dapagliflozin ameliorated sepsis-induced cardiac injury by suppressing electrical remodeling and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which could be attributed to the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Xiukun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Yazhou Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Chuan Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Jinjun Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
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Tibi S, Zeynalvand G, Mohsin H. Role of the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System in the Pathogenesis of Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4566. [PMID: 37510681 PMCID: PMC10380384 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening condition responsible for up to 20% of all global deaths. Kidneys are among the most common organs implicated, yet the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is not completely understood, resulting in the treatment being nonspecific and responsive. In situations of stress, the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) may play a role. This systematic review focuses on analyzing the impact of the RAAS on the development of S-AKI and discussing the use of RAAS antagonists as an emerging therapeutic option to minimize complications of sepsis. METHODS Studies were identified using electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, Google Scholar) published within the past decade, comprised from 2014 to 2023. The search strategy was conducted using the following keywords: sepsis, S-AKI, RAAS, Angiotensin II, and RAAS inhibitors. Studies on human and animal subjects were included if relevant to the keywords. RESULTS Our search identified 22 eligible references pertaining to the inclusion criteria. Treatment of sepsis with RAAS inhibitor medications is observed to decrease rates of S-AKI, reduce the severity of S-AKI, and offer an improved prognosis for septic patients. CONCLUSION The use of RAAS antagonists as a treatment after the onset of sepsis has promising findings, with evidence of decreased renal tissue damage and rates of S-AKI and improved survival outcomes. REGISTRATION INPLASY202360098.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedra Tibi
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA
| | - Garbel Zeynalvand
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA
| | - Hina Mohsin
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA 92324, USA
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Xu Y, Bu G. Identification of two novel ferroptosis-associated targets in sepsis-induced cardiac injury: Hmox1 and Slc7a11. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1185924. [PMID: 37424906 PMCID: PMC10326630 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1185924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sepsis-induced cardiac injury is a severe complication of sepsis and has a high mortality. Recent research has implicated ferroptosis as a contributing factor to myocardial cell death. This study is aimed at finding novel ferroptosis-associated targets in sepsis-induced cardiac injury. Methods and results In our study, a total of two Gene expression omnibus datasets (GSE185754 and GSE171546) were obtained for bioinformatics analysis. GSEA enrichment analysis demonstrated that ferroptosis pathway Z-score rapidly increased in the first 24 h and decreased gradually in the following 24-72 h. Fuzzy analysis was then used to obtain distinct clusters of temporal patterns and find genes in cluster 4 that exhibited the same trend with ferroptosis progression during the time points. After intersecting the differentially expressed genes, genes in cluster 4, and ferroptosis-related genes, three ferroptosis-associated targets were finally selected: Ptgs2, Hmox1, and Slc7a11. While Ptgs2 has been previously reported to be involved in the regulation of septic cardiomyopathy, this study is the first to demonstrate that downregulation of Hmox1 and Slc7a11 can alleviate ferroptosis in sepsis-induced cardiac injury. Conclusion This study reports Hmox1 and Slc7a11 as ferroptosis-associated targets in sepsis-induced cardiac injury, and both of them may become key therapeutic and diagnostic targets for this complication in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Gang Bu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Dobrev D, Heijman J, Hiram R, Li N, Nattel S. Inflammatory signalling in atrial cardiomyocytes: a novel unifying principle in atrial fibrillation pathophysiology. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:145-167. [PMID: 36109633 PMCID: PMC9477170 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation has been implicated in atrial fibrillation (AF), a very common and clinically significant cardiac rhythm disturbance, but its precise role remains poorly understood. Work performed over the past 5 years suggests that atrial cardiomyocytes have inflammatory signalling machinery - in particular, components of the NLRP3 (NACHT-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome - that is activated in animal models and patients with AF. Furthermore, work in animal models suggests that NLRP3 inflammasome activation in atrial cardiomyocytes might be a sufficient and necessary condition for AF occurrence. In this Review, we evaluate the evidence for the role and pathophysiological significance of cardiomyocyte NLRP3 signalling in AF. We first summarize the evidence for a role of inflammation in AF and review the biochemical properties of the NLRP3 inflammasome, as defined primarily in studies of classic inflammation. We then briefly consider the broader evidence for a role of inflammatory signalling in heart disease, particularly conditions that predispose individuals to develop AF. We provide a detailed discussion of the available information about atrial cardiomyocyte NLRP3 inflammasome signalling in AF and related conditions and evaluate the possibility that similar signalling might be important in non-myocyte cardiac cells. We then review the evidence on the role of active resolution of inflammation and its potential importance in suppressing AF-related inflammatory signalling. Finally, we consider the therapeutic potential and broader implications of this new knowledge and highlight crucial questions to be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Roddy Hiram
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Na Li
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
- IHU LIRYC and Fondation Bordeaux Université, Bordeaux, France.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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12
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Peng K, Yang F, Qiu C, Yang Y, Lan C. Rosmarinic acid protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction via activating Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway to alleviate mitochondrial impairment. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:218-227. [PMID: 36350269 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is a decisive factor that plays a critical role in the high mortality of septic patients in the critically ill. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurring during sepsis is a vital contributor to the pathogenesis of myocardial damage. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a natural poly-phenolic compound, has showed cardio-protective and mitochondrial protective effect. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of RA on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Adult mice were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of saline (control) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg) to mimic sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. Immediately after LPS challenge, vehicle or RA (100 mg/kg/day) was administrated via gavage. Cardiac function was examined with echocardiographic analyses 12 hours after LPS challenge and cumulative survival of mice was recorded for 8 days. Heart tissues were harvested 12 hours after LPS challenge to perform histological analyses and determine mitochondrial function. We found RA significantly improved cardiac function and survival of LPS-injected mice. Histologically, RA attenuated LPS-mediated cardiomyocyte damage, indicated by decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improved myocardial swollen and disarrangement. Moreover, RA attenuated LPS-mediated myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction, indicated by improved mitochondrial ultrastructure, increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), markedly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and alleviated oxidative stress in heart tissues. RA treatment downregulated protein expression of Sirt1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and Sirt1 inhibition blocked protective effect of RA on LPS-induced myocardial damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Collectively, RA attenuates LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction via activating Sirt1/PGC-1α pathway to alleviate mitochondrial impairment. It may be a promising cardio-protective drug to be used for septic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengyuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenming Qiu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Lan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
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13
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Xiao K, Sun Y, Song J, Li L, Mao W, Jiang C. Gut microbiota involved in myocardial dysfunction induced by sepsis. Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105984. [PMID: 36638851 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial dysfunction is an important complication of sepsis and an important cause of death in sepsis patients. Sepsis will significantly change the composition of gut microbiota, and the destruction of gut microbiota also creates conditions for the occurrence and progression of sepsis. Gut microbiota is an important player in myocardial injury in sepsis. This review elaborates on the possible mechanisms of gut microbiota affecting myocardial injury in sepsis, including short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine and trimethylamine oxides, various cytokines, and mitochondrial dysfunction. A better understanding of the mechanism could help improve the treatment of sepsis and get a better prognosis for sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihao Xiao
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children' s Hospital, Zhuhai, 519060, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jiayu Song
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children' s Hospital, Zhuhai, 519060, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Chunming Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children' s Hospital, Zhuhai, 519060, China.
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14
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Zhang JM, Au DT, Sawada H, Franklin MK, Moorleghen JJ, Howatt DA, Wang P, Aicher BO, Hampton B, Migliorini M, Ni F, Mullick AE, Wani MM, Ucuzian AA, Lu HS, Muratoglu SC, Daugherty A, Strickland DK. LRP1 protects against excessive superior mesenteric artery remodeling by modulating angiotensin II-mediated signaling. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e164751. [PMID: 36472907 PMCID: PMC9977308 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.164751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) exert a critical role in sensing and maintaining vascular integrity. These cells abundantly express the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), a large endocytic signaling receptor that recognizes numerous ligands, including apolipoprotein E-rich lipoproteins, proteases, and protease-inhibitor complexes. We observed the spontaneous formation of aneurysms in the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) of both male and female mice in which LRP1 was genetically deleted in vSMCs (smLRP1-/- mice). Quantitative proteomics revealed elevated abundance of several proteins in smLRP1-/- mice that are known to be induced by angiotensin II-mediated (AngII-mediated) signaling, suggesting that this pathway was dysregulated. Administration of losartan, an AngII type I receptor antagonist, or an angiotensinogen antisense oligonucleotide to reduce plasma angiotensinogen concentrations restored the normal SMA phenotype in smLRP1-/- mice and prevented aneurysm formation. Additionally, using a vascular injury model, we noted excessive vascular remodeling and neointima formation in smLRP1-/- mice that was restored by losartan administration. Together, these findings reveal that LRP1 regulates vascular integrity and remodeling of the SMA by attenuating excessive AngII-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackie M Zhang
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dianaly T Au
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and
| | - Hisashi Sawada
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Saha Aortic Center and
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pengjun Wang
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Saha Aortic Center and
| | - Brittany O Aicher
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | - Fenge Ni
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and
| | | | | | - Areck A Ucuzian
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Vascular Services, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hong S Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Saha Aortic Center and
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Saha Aortic Center and
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Dudley K Strickland
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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15
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Yang Z, Tian R, Zhang XJ, Cai J, She ZG, Li H. Effects of treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1120085. [PMID: 36712249 PMCID: PMC9877359 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1120085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have become the most common chronic liver disease and the main form of heart failure (HF), respectively. NAFLD is closely associated with HFpEF by sharing common risk factors and/or by boosting systemic inflammation, releasing other secretory factors, and having an expansion of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). Therefore, the treatments of NAFLD may also affect the development and prognosis of HFpEF. However, no specific drugs for NAFLD have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and some non-specific treatments for NAFLD are applied in the clinic. Currently, the treatments of NAFLD can be divided into non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments. Non-pharmacological treatments mainly include dietary intervention, weight loss by exercise, caloric restriction, and bariatric surgery. Pharmacological treatments mainly include administering statins, thiazolidinediones, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and metformin. This review will mainly focus on analyzing how these treatments may affect the development and prognosis of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifeng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruifeng Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Zhi-Gang She,
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Institute of Model Animal, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,Gannan Innovation and Translational Medicine Research Institute, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China,Hongliang Li,
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16
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PKM2 deficiency exacerbates gram-negative sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy via disrupting cardiac calcium homeostasis. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:496. [PMID: 36564378 PMCID: PMC9789059 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01287-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome with multi-organ dysfunction in critical care medicine. With the occurrence of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC), characterized by reduced ventricular contractility, the mortality of sepsis is boosted to 70-90%. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) functions in a variety of biological processes and diseases other than glycolysis, and has been documented as a cardioprotective factor in several heart diseases. It is currently unknown whether PKM2 influences the development of SIC. Here, we found that PKM2 was upregulated in cardiomyocytes treated with LPS both in vitro and in vivo. Pkm2 inhibition exacerbated the LPS-induced cardiac damage to neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs). Furthermore, cardiomyocytes lacking PKM2 aggravated LPS-induced cardiomyopathy, including myocardial damage and impaired contractility, whereas PKM2 overexpression and activation mitigated SIC. Mechanism investigation revealed that PKM2 interacted with sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a), a key regulator of the excitation-contraction coupling, to maintain calcium homeostasis, and PKM2 deficiency exacerbated LPS-induced cardiac systolic dysfunction by impairing SERCA2a expression. In conclusion, these findings highlight that PKM2 plays an essential role in gram-negative sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, which provides an attractive target for the prevention and treatment of septic cardiomyopathy.
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17
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Su Y, Yin X, Huang X, Guo Q, Ma M, Guo L. Astragaloside IV ameliorates sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction by regulating NOX4/JNK/BAX pathway. Life Sci 2022; 310:121123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Cruz-López EO, Ye D, Wu C, Lu HS, Uijl E, Mirabito Colafella KM, Danser AHJ. Angiotensinogen Suppression: A New Tool to Treat Cardiovascular and Renal Disease. Hypertension 2022; 79:2115-2126. [PMID: 35904033 PMCID: PMC9444253 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.18731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple types of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers exist, allowing interference with the system at the level of renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme, or the angiotensin II receptor. Yet, in particular, for the treatment of hypertension, the number of patients with uncontrolled hypertension continues to rise, either due to patient noncompliance or because of the significant renin rises that may, at least partially, overcome the effect of RAS blockade (RAS escape). New approaches to target the RAS are either direct antisense oligonucleotides that inhibit angiotensinogen RNA translation, or small interfering RNA (siRNA) that function via the RNA interference pathway. Since all angiotensins stem from angiotensinogen, lowering angiotensinogen has the potential to circumvent the RAS escape phenomenon. Moreover, antisense oligonucleotides and small interfering RNA require injections only every few weeks to months, which might reduce noncompliance. Of course, angiotensinogen suppression also poses a threat in situations where the RAS is acutely needed, for instance in women becoming pregnant during treatment, or in cases of emergency, when severe hypotension occurs. This review discusses all preclinical data on angiotensinogen suppression, as well as the limited clinical data that are currently available. It concludes that it is an exciting new tool to target the RAS with high specificity and a low side effect profile. Its long-term action might revolutionize pharmacotherapy, as it could overcome compliance problems. Preclinical and clinical programs are now carefully investigating its efficacy and safety profile, allowing an optimal introduction as a novel drug to treat cardiovascular and renal diseases in due time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwyn O Cruz-López
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.O.C.L., D.Y., E.U., A.H.J.D.)
| | - Dien Ye
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.O.C.L., D.Y., E.U., A.H.J.D.)
| | - Congqing Wu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (C.W., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky.,Department of Surgery (C.W.), University of Kentucky
| | - Hong S Lu
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center (C.W., H.S.L.), University of Kentucky.,Department of Physiology (H.S.L.), University of Kentucky
| | - Estrellita Uijl
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.O.C.L., D.Y., E.U., A.H.J.D.)
| | | | - A H Jan Danser
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.O.C.L., D.Y., E.U., A.H.J.D.)
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19
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Chen XS, Wang SH, Liu CY, Gao YL, Meng XL, Wei W, Shou ST, Liu YC, Chai YF. Losartan attenuates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy by regulating macrophage polarization via TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106473. [PMID: 36182039 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) is a serious complication of sepsis with high mortality but no effective treatment. The renin angiotensin (Ang) aldosterone system (RAAS) is activated in patients with sepsis but it is unclear how the Ang II/Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis contributes to SIC. This study examined the link between the Ang II/AT1R axis and SIC as well as the protective effect of AT1R blockers (ARBs). The Ang II level in peripheral plasma and AT1R expression on monocytes were significantly higher in patients with SIC compared with those in non-SIC patients and healthy controls and were correlated with the degree of myocardial injury. The ARB losartan reduced the infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages into the heart and spleen of SIC mice. Additionally, losartan regulated macrophage polarization from the M1 to the M2 subtype via nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, thereby maintaining the mitochondrial dynamics balance in cardiomyocytes and reducing oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, the plasma Ang II level and AT1R expression on plasma monocytes are an important biomarker in SIC. Therapeutic targeting of AT1R, for example with losartan, can potentially protect against myocardial injury in SIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Sen Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Shu-Hang Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chen-Yan Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yu-Lei Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xiang-Long Meng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Song-Tao Shou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yan-Cun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Yan-Fen Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Tianjin 300052, China.
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20
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Minato T, Yamaguchi T, Hoshizaki M, Nirasawa S, An J, Takahashi S, Penninger JM, Imai Y, Kuba K. ACE2-like enzyme B38-CAP suppresses abdominal sepsis and severe acute lung injury. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270920. [PMID: 35867642 PMCID: PMC9307200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the carboxypeptidase to degrade angiotensin II (Ang II) to angiotensin 1–7 (Ang 1–7) and improves the pathologies of cardiovascular disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)/acute lung injury. B38-CAP is a bacteria-derived ACE2-like carboxypeptidase as potent as human ACE2 and ameliorates hypertension, heart failure and SARS-CoV-2-induced lung injury in mice. Recombinant B38-CAP is prepared with E. coli protein expression system more efficiently than recombinant soluble human ACE2. Here we show therapeutic effects of B38-CAP on abdominal sepsis- or acid aspiration-induced acute lung injury. ACE2 expression was downregulated in the lungs of mice with cecal ligation puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis or acid-induced lung injury thereby leading to upregulation of Ang II levels. Intraperitoneal injection of B38-CAP significantly decreased Ang II levels while upregulated angiotensin 1–7 levels. B38-CAP improved survival rate of the mice under sepsis. B38-CAP suppressed the pathologies of lung inflammation, improved lung dysfunction and downregulated elevated cytokine mRNA levels in the mice with acute lung injury. Thus, systemic treatment with an ACE2-like enzyme might be a potential therapeutic strategy for the patients with severe sepsis or ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Minato
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yamaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Midori Hoshizaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
- Laboratory of Regulation of Intractable Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoru Nirasawa
- Biological Resources and Post-Harvest Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jianbo An
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Josef M. Penninger
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yumiko Imai
- Laboratory of Regulation of Intractable Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiji Kuba
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolic Science, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
- * E-mail:
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21
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Identification of Differential Expression Genes between Volume and Pressure Overloaded Hearts Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071276. [PMID: 35886059 PMCID: PMC9318830 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Volume overload (VO) and pressure overload (PO) are two common pathophysiological conditions associated with cardiac disease. VO, in particular, often occurs in a number of diseases, and no clinically meaningful molecular marker has yet been established. We intend to find the main differential gene expression using bioinformatics analysis. GSE97363 and GSE52796 are the two gene expression array datasets related with VO and PO, respectively. The LIMMA algorithm was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of VO and PO. The DEGs were divided into three groups and subjected to functional enrichment analysis, which comprised GO analysis, KEGG analysis, and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. To validate the sequencing data, cardiomyocytes from AR and TAC mouse models were used to extract RNA for qRT-PCR. The three genes with random absolute values of LogFC and indicators of heart failure (natriuretic peptide B, NPPB) were detected: carboxylesterase 1D (CES1D), whirlin (WHRN), and WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 2 (WNK2). The DEGs in VO and PO were determined to be 2761 and 1093, respectively, in this study. Following the intersection, 305 genes were obtained, 255 of which expressed the opposing regulation and 50 of which expressed the same regulation. According to the GO and pathway enrichment studies, DEGs with opposing regulation are mostly common in fatty acid degradation, propanoate metabolism, and other signaling pathways. Finally, we used Cytoscape’s three techniques to identify six hub genes by intersecting 255 with the opposite expression and constructing a PPI network. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARα), acyl-CoA dehydrogenase medium chain (ACADM), patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2 (PNPLA2), isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (IDH3), heat shock protein family D member 1 (HSPD1), and dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (DLAT) were identified as six potential genes. Furthermore, we predict that the hub genes PPARα, ACADM, and PNPLA2 regulate VO myocardial changes via fatty acid metabolism and acyl-Coa dehydrogenase activity, and that these genes could be employed as basic biomarkers for VO diagnosis and treatment.
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22
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Zhang Q, Luo P, Xia F, Tang H, Chen J, Zhang J, Liu D, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Gu L, Zheng L, Li Z, Yang F, Dai L, Liao F, Xu C, Wang J. Capsaicin ameliorates inflammation in a TRPV1-independent mechanism by inhibiting PKM2-LDHA-mediated Warburg effect in sepsis. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:1248-1259.e6. [PMID: 35858615 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. In this study, we demonstrate that capsaicin not only suppresses inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages, but also effectively inhibits endotoxemia or sepsis-related inflammation in vivo. We have designed and synthesized a series of capsaicin-based probes, which permit the profiling of the target proteins of capsaicin using activity-based protein profiling (ABPP). Among the identified protein targets, we discover that capsaicin directly binds to and inhibits PKM2 and LDHA, and further suppresses the Warburg effect in inflammatory macrophages. Moreover, capsaicin targets COX-2 and downregulates its expression in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, the present findings indicate that capsaicin alleviates the inflammation response and the Warburg effect in a TRPV1-independent manner by targeting PKM2-LDHA and COX-2 in sepsis. Thus, capsaicin may function as a novel agent for sepsis and inflammation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Department of Geriatrics, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Piao Luo
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Department of Geriatrics, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Fei Xia
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jiayun Chen
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Junzhe Zhang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yongping Zhu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liwei Gu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liuhai Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Lingyun Dai
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Fulong Liao
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chengchao Xu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Department of Geriatrics, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518020, China.
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23
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Wu Y, Guo X, Peng Y, Fang Z, Zhang X. Roles and Molecular Mechanisms of Physical Exercise in Sepsis Treatment. Front Physiol 2022; 13:879430. [PMID: 35845992 PMCID: PMC9277456 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.879430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is a planned, purposeful action to keep a healthy lifestyle and improve physical fitness. Physical exercise has been widely used as a non-pharmacological approach to preventing and improving a wide range of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic disease, and neurodegenerative disease. However, the effects of physical exercise on sepsis have not been summarized until now. In this review, we discuss the effects of physical exercise on multiple organ functions and the short- and long-time outcomes of sepsis. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of physical exercise on sepsis are discussed. In conclusion, we consider that physical exercise may be a beneficial and non-pharmacological alternative for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Joint Logistics Force No. 988 Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Peng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zongping Fang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zongping Fang, ; Xijing Zhang,
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Zongping Fang, ; Xijing Zhang,
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24
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Pulgar VM, Cruz-Diaz N, Westwood BM, Chappell MC. Angiotensinogen uptake and stimulation of oxidative stress in human pigment retinal epithelial cells. Peptides 2022; 152:170770. [PMID: 35183655 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that isolated proximal tubules (PT) internalize the precursor protein angiotensinogen and that the 125Iodine-labeled protein accumulated in the nuclear and mitochondrial fractions of the PT cells; however, whether internalization of angiotensinogen occurs in non-renal epithelial cells is unknown. Therefore, the present study assessed the cellular uptake of 125I-angiotensinogen in human retinal pigment ARPE-19 epithelial cells, a widely utilized cell model for the assessment of retinal injury, inflammation and oxidative stress. ARPE-19 cells, maintained in serum-free media to remove extracellular sources of bovine serum angiotensinogen and renin, were incubated with 125Iodine-angiotensinogen at 37 °C and revealed the time-dependent uptake of angiotensinogen over 24 h. In contrast, incubation with labelled Ang II, Ang-(1-7) or Ang I revealed minimal cellular uptake. Subcellular fractionation following a 4-hour uptake of 125I-angiotensinogen revealed that the majority of the labeled protein localized to the nuclear fraction with lower accumulation in the mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. Finally, we show that addition of angiotensinogen (2 nM) to the ARPE-19 cells increased oxidative stress as assessed by DCF fluorescence that was blocked by pretreatment of the cells with either the NADPH oxidase 1/4 inhibitor GKT137831, apocynin or atorvastatin, but not the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan. In contrast, treatment of the cells with Angiotensin II at an equivalent dose to angiotensinogen failed to stimulate oxidative stress. We conclude that human retinal pigment cells internalize angiotensinogen to elicit an increase in oxidative stress through a pathway that appears distinct from the Ang II-AT1 receptor axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Pulgar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campbell University, Buies-Creek, NC, United States; Hypertension & Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,United States
| | - Nildris Cruz-Diaz
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,United States
| | - Brian M Westwood
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,United States
| | - Mark C Chappell
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC,United States.
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25
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Gorr MW, Francois A, Marcho LM, Saldana T, McGrail E, Sun N, Stratton MS. Molecular signature of cardiac remodeling associated with Polymerase Gamma mutation. Life Sci 2022; 298:120469. [PMID: 35283176 PMCID: PMC9158136 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metabolic function/dysfunction is central to aging biology. This is well illustrated by the Polymerase Gamma (POLG) mutant mouse where a key residue of the mitochondrial DNA polymerase is mutated (D257A), causing loss of mitochondrial DNA stability and dramatically accelerated aging processes. Given known cardiac phenotypes in the POLG mutant, we sought to characterize the course of cardiac dysfunction in the POLG mutant to guide future intervention studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cardiac echocardiography and terminal hemodynamic analyses were used to define the course of dysfunction in the right and left cardiac ventricles in the POLG mutant. We also conducted RNA-seq analysis on cardiac right ventricles to identify mechanisms engaged by severe metabolic dysfunction and compared this analysis to several publically available datasets. KEY FINDINGS Interesting sex differences were noted as female POLG mutants died earlier than male POLG mutants and LV chamber diameters were impacted earlier in females than males. Moreover, male mutants showed LV wall thinning while female mutant LV walls were thicker. Both males and females displayed significant RV hypertrophy. POLG mutants displayed a gene expression pattern associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and heart failure. Finally, comparative omics analyses of publically available data provide additional mechanistic and therapeutic insights. SIGNIFICANCE Aging-associated cardiac dysfunction is a growing clinical problem. This work uncovers sex-specific cardiac responses to severe metabolic dysfunction that are reminiscent of patterns seen in human heart failure and provides insights to the molecular mechanisms engaged downstream of severe metabolic dysfunction that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Gorr
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA,College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ashley Francois
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lynn M. Marcho
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ty Saldana
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erin McGrail
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nuo Sun
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Matthew S. Stratton
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
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26
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Jones SP. Angiotensinogen Takes Some of the Spotlight From Angiotensin II in the Cardiohepatic Axis. Circ Res 2021; 129:565-567. [PMID: 34410822 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Jones
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, KY
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