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Wang Y, Fang M, Ren Q, Qi W, Bai X, Amin N, Zhang X, Li Z, Zhang L. Sox17 protects human brain microvascular endothelial cells from AngII-induced injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:2337-2350. [PMID: 37659973 PMCID: PMC11371885 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04838-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm (IA), is a localized dilation of the intracranial arteries, the rupture of which is catastrophic. Hypertension is major IA risk factor that mediates endothelial cell damage. Sox17 is highly expressed in intracranial vascular endothelial cells, and GWAS studies indicate that its genetic alteration is one of the major genetic risk factors for IA. Vascular endothelial cell injury plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of IA. The genetic ablation of Sox17 plus hypertension induced by AngII can lead to an increased incidence of intracranial aneurysms had tested in the previous animal experiments. In order to study the underlying molecular mechanisms, we established stable Sox17-overexpressing and knockdown cell lines in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) first. Then flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were employed. We found that the knockdown of Sox17 could worsen the apoptosis and autophagy of HBMECs caused by AngII, while overexpression of Sox17 had the opposite effect. Transmission electron microscopy displayed increased autophagosomes after the knockdown of Sox17 in HBMECs. The RNA-sequencing analysis shown that dysregulation of the Sox17 gene was closely associated with the autophagy-related pathways. Our study suggests that Sox17 could protect HBMECs from AngII-induced injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Ren
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinli Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nashwa Amin
- Institute of System Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Qism Aswan, Egypt
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenzhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No 215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, China.
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Yu J, Du Q, Li X, Wei W, Fan Y, Zhang J, Chen J. Potential role of endothelial progenitor cells in the pathogenesis and treatment of cerebral aneurysm. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1456775. [PMID: 39193428 PMCID: PMC11348393 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1456775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral aneurysm (CA) is a significant health concern that results from pathological dilations of blood vessels in the brain and can lead to severe and potentially life-threatening conditions. While the pathogenesis of CA is complex, emerging studies suggest that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a crucial role. In this paper, we conducted a comprehensive literature review to investigate the potential role of EPCs in the pathogenesis and treatment of CA. Current research indicates that a decreased count and dysfunction of EPCs disrupt the balance between endothelial dysfunction and repair, thus increasing the risk of CA formation. Reversing these EPCs abnormalities may reduce the progression of vascular degeneration after aneurysm induction, indicating EPCs as a promising target for developing new therapeutic strategies to facilitate CA repair. This has motivated researchers to develop novel treatment options, including drug applications, endovascular-combined and tissue engineering therapies. Although preclinical studies have shown promising results, there is still a considerable way to go before clinical translation and eventual benefits for patients. Nonetheless, these findings offer hope for improving the treatment and management of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuncun Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Laifeng County People’s Hospital, Enshi, Hubei, China
| | - Jianjian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jincao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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3
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Hu P, Du Y, Xu Y, Ye P, Xia J. The role of transcription factors in the pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting of vascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1384294. [PMID: 38745757 PMCID: PMC11091331 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1384294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) constitute an essential component of epigenetic regulation. They contribute to the progression of vascular diseases by regulating epigenetic gene expression in several vascular diseases. Recently, numerous regulatory mechanisms related to vascular pathology, ranging from general TFs that are continuously activated to histiocyte-specific TFs that are activated under specific circumstances, have been studied. TFs participate in the progression of vascular-related diseases by epigenetically regulating vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The Krüppel-like family (KLF) TF family is widely recognized as the foremost regulator of vascular diseases. KLF11 prevents aneurysm progression by inhibiting the apoptosis of VSMCs and enhancing their contractile function. The presence of KLF4, another crucial member, suppresses the progression of atherosclerosis (AS) and pulmonary hypertension by attenuating the formation of VSMCs-derived foam cells, ameliorating endothelial dysfunction, and inducing vasodilatory effects. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of the progression of vascular-related diseases by TFs has remained elusive. The present study categorized the TFs involved in vascular diseases and their regulatory mechanisms to shed light on the potential pathogenesis of vascular diseases, and provide novel insights into their diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poyi Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Institute of Reproduction Health Research, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Ye
- Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahong Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4
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Wang J, Ji C, Ye W, Rong Y, Ge X, Wang Z, Tang P, Zhou Z, Luo Y, Cai W. Deubiquitinase UCHL1 promotes angiogenesis and blood-spinal cord barrier function recovery after spinal cord injury by stabilizing Sox17. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:137. [PMID: 38478109 PMCID: PMC10937794 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05186-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Improving the function of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) benefits the functional recovery of mice following spinal cord injury (SCI). The death of endothelial cells and disruption of the BSCB at the injury site contribute to secondary damage, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system is involved in regulating protein function. However, little is known about the regulation of deubiquitinated enzymes in endothelial cells and their effect on BSCB function after SCI. We observed that Sox17 is predominantly localized in endothelial cells and is significantly upregulated after SCI and in LPS-treated brain microvascular endothelial cells. In vitro Sox17 knockdown attenuated endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation, while in vivo Sox17 knockdown inhibited endothelial regeneration and barrier recovery, leading to poor functional recovery after SCI. Conversely, in vivo overexpression of Sox17 promoted angiogenesis and functional recovery after injury. Additionally, immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry revealed the interaction between the deubiquitinase UCHL1 and Sox17, which stabilized Sox17 and influenced angiogenesis and BSCB repair following injury. By generating UCHL1 conditional knockout mice and conducting rescue experiments, we further validated that the deubiquitinase UCHL1 promotes angiogenesis and restoration of BSCB function after injury by stabilizing Sox17. Collectively, our findings present a novel therapeutic target for treating SCI by revealing a potential mechanism for endothelial cell regeneration and BSCB repair after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyue Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wu Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuluo Rong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xuhui Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuanghui Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengyu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yongjun Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Weihua Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Simmons Beck R, Liang OD, Klinger JR. Light at the ENDothelium-role of Sox17 and Runx1 in endothelial dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1274033. [PMID: 38028440 PMCID: PMC10656768 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1274033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease that is characterized by an obliterative vasculopathy of the distal pulmonary circulation. Despite significant progress in our understanding of the pathophysiology, currently approved medical therapies for PAH act primarily as pulmonary vasodilators and fail to address the underlying processes that lead to the development and progression of the disease. Endothelial dysregulation in response to stress, injury or physiologic stimuli followed by perivascular infiltration of immune cells plays a prominent role in the pulmonary vascular remodeling of PAH. Over the last few decades, our understanding of endothelial cell dysregulation has evolved and brought to light a number of transcription factors that play important roles in vascular homeostasis and angiogenesis. In this review, we examine two such factors, SOX17 and one of its downstream targets, RUNX1 and the emerging data that implicate their roles in the pathogenesis of PAH. We review their discovery and discuss their function in angiogenesis and lung vascular development including their roles in endothelial to hematopoietic transition (EHT) and their ability to drive progenitor stem cells toward an endothelial or myeloid fate. We also summarize the data from studies that link mutations in Sox17 with an increased risk of developing PAH and studies that implicate Sox17 and Runx1 in the pathogenesis of PAH. Finally, we review the results of recent studies from our lab demonstrating the efficacy of preventing and reversing pulmonary hypertension in animal models of PAH by deleting RUNX1 expression in endothelial or myeloid cells or by the use of RUNX1 inhibitors. By investigating PAH through the lens of SOX17 and RUNX1 we hope to shed light on the role of these transcription factors in vascular homeostasis and endothelial dysregulation, their contribution to pulmonary vascular remodeling in PAH, and their potential as novel therapeutic targets for treating this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Simmons Beck
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Olin D. Liang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - James R. Klinger
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and the Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Yi D, Liu B, Ding H, Li S, Li R, Pan J, Ramirez K, Xia X, Kala M, Ye Q, Lee WH, Frye RE, Wang T, Zhao Y, Knox KS, Glembotski CC, Fallon MB, Dai Z. E2F1 Mediates SOX17 Deficiency-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension. Hypertension 2023; 80:2357-2371. [PMID: 37737027 PMCID: PMC10591929 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare genetic variants and genetic variation at loci in an enhancer in SOX17 (SRY-box transcription factor 17) are identified in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and PAH with congenital heart disease. However, the exact role of genetic variants or mutations in SOX17 in PAH pathogenesis has not been reported. METHODS SOX17 expression was evaluated in the lungs and pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) of patients with idiopathic PAH. Mice with Tie2Cre-mediated Sox17 knockdown and EC-specific Sox17 deletion were generated to determine the role of SOX17 deficiency in the pathogenesis of PAH. Human pulmonary ECs were cultured to understand the role of SOX17 deficiency. Single-cell RNA sequencing, RNA-sequencing analysis, and luciferase assay were performed to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of SOX17 deficiency-induced PAH. E2F1 (E2F transcription factor 1) inhibitor HLM006474 was used in EC-specific Sox17 mice. RESULTS SOX17 expression was downregulated in the lung and pulmonary ECs from patients with idiopathic PAH. Mice with Tie2Cre-mediated Sox17 knockdown and EC-specific Sox17 deletion induced spontaneously mild pulmonary hypertension. Loss of endothelial Sox17 in EC exacerbated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice. Loss of SOX17 in lung ECs induced endothelial dysfunctions including upregulation of cell cycle programming, proliferative and antiapoptotic phenotypes, augmentation of paracrine effect on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, impaired cellular junction, and BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling. E2F1 signaling was shown to mediate the SOX17 deficiency-induced EC dysfunction. Pharmacological inhibition of E2F1 in Sox17 EC-deficient mice attenuated pulmonary hypertension development. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that endothelial SOX17 deficiency induces pulmonary hypertension through E2F1. Thus, targeting E2F1 signaling represents a promising approach in patients with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Hongxu Ding
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Shuai Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Rebecca Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jiakai Pan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Karina Ramirez
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Xiaomei Xia
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Mrinalini Kala
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Qinmao Ye
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Ting Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Center of Translational Science, Florida International University, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Knox
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher C. Glembotski
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael B. Fallon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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7
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Ishida H, Maeda J, Uchida K, Yamagishi H. Unique Pulmonary Hypertensive Vascular Diseases Associated with Heart and Lung Developmental Defects. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:333. [PMID: 37623346 PMCID: PMC10455332 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10080333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH) shares features and mechanisms with adult PH, there are also some significant differences between the two conditions. Segmental PH is a unique pediatric subtype of PH with unclear and/or multifactorial pathophysiological mechanisms, and is often associated with complex congenital heart disease (CHD), pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect, and aortopulmonary collateral arteries. Some cases of complex CHD, associated with a single ventricle after Fontan operation, show pathological changes in the small peripheral pulmonary arteries and pulmonary vascular resistance similar to those observed in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This condition is termed as the pediatric pulmonary hypertensive vascular disease (PPHVD). Recent advances in genetics have identified the genes responsible for PAH associated with developmental defects of the heart and lungs, such as TBX4 and SOX17. Targeted therapies for PAH have been developed; however, their effects on PH associated with developmental heart and lung defects remain to be established. Real-world data analyses on the anatomy, pathophysiology, genetics, and molecular biology of unique PPHVD cases associated with developmental defects of the heart and lungs, using nationwide and/or international registries, should be conducted in order to improve the treatments and prognosis of patients with these types of pediatric PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Ishida
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Jun Maeda
- Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Medical Center, 2-8-29 Musashidai, Fuchu 183-8561, Tokyo, Japan;
| | - Keiko Uchida
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan;
- Keio University Health Center, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8521, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamagishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Keio University of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku 160-8582, Tokyo, Japan;
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Trinh LT, Osipovich AB, Liu B, Shrestha S, Cartailler JP, Wright CVE, Magnuson MA. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Sox17-Expressing Lineages Reveals Distinct Gene Regulatory Networks and Dynamic Developmental Trajectories. Stem Cells 2023; 41:643-657. [PMID: 37085274 PMCID: PMC10465087 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
During early embryogenesis, the transcription factor SOX17 contributes to hepato-pancreato-biliary system formation and vascular-hematopoietic emergence. To better understand Sox17 function in the developing endoderm and endothelium, we developed a dual-color temporal lineage-tracing strategy in mice combined with single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze 6934 cells from Sox17-expressing lineages at embryonic days 9.0-9.5. Our analyses showed 19 distinct cellular clusters combined from all 3 germ layers. Differential gene expression, trajectory and RNA-velocity analyses of endothelial cells revealed a heterogenous population of uncommitted and specialized endothelial subtypes, including 2 hemogenic populations that arise from different origins. Similarly, analyses of posterior foregut endoderm revealed subsets of hepatic, pancreatic, and biliary progenitors with overlapping developmental potency. Calculated gene-regulatory networks predict gene regulons that are dominated by cell type-specific transcription factors unique to each lineage. Vastly different Sox17 regulons found in endoderm versus endothelial cells support the differential interactions of SOX17 with other regulatory factors thereby enabling lineage-specific regulatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh T Trinh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Anna B Osipovich
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bryan Liu
- College of Arts and Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shristi Shrestha
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Christopher V E Wright
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark A Magnuson
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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9
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Walters R, Vasilaki E, Aman J, Chen CN, Wu Y, Liang OD, Ashek A, Dubois O, Zhao L, Sabrin F, Cebola I, Ferrer J, Morrell NW, Klinger JR, Wilkins MR, Zhao L, Rhodes CJ. SOX17 Enhancer Variants Disrupt Transcription Factor Binding And Enhancer Inactivity Drives Pulmonary Hypertension. Circulation 2023; 147:1606-1621. [PMID: 37066790 PMCID: PMC7614572 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.122.061940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary arteries, increased vascular resistance, and right-sided heart failure. Genome-wide association studies of idiopathic/heritable PAH established novel genetic risk variants, including conserved enhancers upstream of transcription factor (TF) SOX17 containing 2 independent signals. SOX17 is an important TF in embryonic development and in the homeostasis of pulmonary artery endothelial cells (hPAEC) in the adult. Rare pathogenic mutations in SOX17 cause heritable PAH. We hypothesized that PAH risk alleles in an enhancer region impair TF-binding upstream of SOX17, which in turn reduces SOX17 expression and contributes to disturbed endothelial cell function and PAH development. METHODS CRISPR manipulation and siRNA were used to modulate SOX17 expression. Electromobility shift assays were used to confirm in silico-predicted TF differential binding to the SOX17 variants. Functional assays in hPAECs were used to establish the biological consequences of SOX17 loss. In silico analysis with the connectivity map was used to predict compounds that rescue disturbed SOX17 signaling. Mice with deletion of the SOX17-signal 1 enhancer region (SOX17-4593/enhKO) were phenotyped in response to chronic hypoxia and SU5416/hypoxia. RESULTS CRISPR inhibition of SOX17-signal 2 and deletion of SOX17-signal 1 specifically decreased SOX17 expression. Electromobility shift assays demonstrated differential binding of hPAEC nuclear proteins to the risk and nonrisk alleles from both SOX17 signals. Candidate TFs HOXA5 and ROR-α were identified through in silico analysis and antibody electromobility shift assays. Analysis of the hPAEC transcriptomes revealed alteration of PAH-relevant pathways on SOX17 silencing, including extracellular matrix regulation. SOX17 silencing in hPAECs resulted in increased apoptosis, proliferation, and disturbance of barrier function. With the use of the connectivity map, compounds were identified that reversed the SOX17-dysfunction transcriptomic signatures in hPAECs. SOX17 enhancer knockout in mice reduced lung SOX17 expression, resulting in more severe pulmonary vascular leak and hypoxia or SU5416/hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Common PAH risk variants upstream of the SOX17 promoter reduce endothelial SOX17 expression, at least in part, through differential binding of HOXA5 and ROR-α. Reduced SOX17 expression results in disturbed hPAEC function and PAH. Existing drug compounds can reverse the disturbed SOX17 pulmonary endothelial transcriptomic signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Walters
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Eleni Vasilaki
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Jurjan Aman
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, The Netherlands (J.A.)
| | - Chien-Nien Chen
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Yukyee Wu
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Olin D Liang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine (O.D.L.), Rhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence
| | - Ali Ashek
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Olivier Dubois
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Lin Zhao
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Farah Sabrin
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Inês Cebola
- Section of Genetics & Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (I.C., J.F.)
| | - Jorge Ferrer
- Section of Genetics & Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion & Reproduction, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (I.C., J.F.)
- Computational Biology and Health Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain (J.F.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Barcelona, Spain (J.F.)
| | - Nicholas W Morrell
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.)
- NIHR BioResource for Translational Research, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (N.W.M.)
- On Behalf of the British Heart Foundation/Medical Research Council UK PAH Cohort Consortium (N.W.M., M.R.W., C.J.R.)
| | - James R Klinger
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine (J.R.K.), Rhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
- On Behalf of the British Heart Foundation/Medical Research Council UK PAH Cohort Consortium (N.W.M., M.R.W., C.J.R.)
| | - Lan Zhao
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
| | - Christopher J Rhodes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom (R.W., E.V., J.A., C.-N.C., Y.W., A.A., O.D., L.Z., F.S., M.R.W., L.Z., C.J.R.)
- On Behalf of the British Heart Foundation/Medical Research Council UK PAH Cohort Consortium (N.W.M., M.R.W., C.J.R.)
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10
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Yi D, Liu B, Ding H, Li S, Li R, Pan J, Ramirez K, Xia X, Kala M, Singh I, Ye Q, Lee WH, Frye RE, Wang T, Zhao Y, Knox KS, Glembotski CC, Fallon MB, Dai Z. E2F1 Mediates SOX17 Deficiency-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.15.528740. [PMID: 36824855 PMCID: PMC9949178 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.528740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Rationale Rare genetic variants and genetic variation at loci in an enhancer in SRY-Box Transcription Factor 17 (SOX17) are identified in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and PAH with congenital heart disease. However, the exact role of genetic variants or mutation in SOX17 in PAH pathogenesis has not been reported. Objectives To investigate the role of SOX17 deficiency in pulmonary hypertension (PH) development. Methods Human lung tissue and endothelial cells (ECs) from IPAH patients were used to determine the expression of SOX17. Tie2Cre-mediated and EC-specific deletion of Sox17 mice were assessed for PH development. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, human lung ECs, and smooth muscle cell culture were performed to determine the role and mechanisms of SOX17 deficiency. A pharmacological approach was used in Sox17 deficiency mice for therapeutic implication. Measurement and Main Results SOX17 expression was downregulated in the lungs and pulmonary ECs of IPAH patients. Mice with Tie2Cre mediated Sox17 knockdown and EC-specific Sox17 deletion developed spontaneously mild PH. Loss of endothelial Sox17 in EC exacerbated hypoxia-induced PH in mice. Loss of SOX17 in lung ECs induced endothelial dysfunctions including upregulation of cell cycle programming, proliferative and anti-apoptotic phenotypes, augmentation of paracrine effect on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, impaired cellular junction, and BMP signaling. E2F Transcription Factor 1 (E2F1) signaling was shown to mediate the SOX17 deficiency-induced EC dysfunction and PH development. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that endothelial SOX17 deficiency induces PH through E2F1 and targeting E2F1 signaling represents a promising approach in PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Hongxu Ding
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Shuai Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Rebecca Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jiakai Pan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Karina Ramirez
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Xiaomei Xia
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Mrinalini Kala
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Indrapal Singh
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Qinmao Ye
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Won Hee Lee
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Ting Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Center of Translational Science, Florida International University, Port Saint Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Knox
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher C. Glembotski
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Michael B. Fallon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Translational Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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11
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Kim D, Grath A, Lu YW, Chung K, Winkelman M, Schwarz JJ, Dai G. Sox17 mediates adult arterial endothelial cell adaptation to hemodynamics. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121946. [PMID: 36512862 PMCID: PMC9868097 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sox17 is a critical regulator of arterial identity during early embryonic vascular development. However, its role in adult endothelial cells (ECs) are not fully understood. Sox17 is highly expressed in arterial ECs but not in venous ECs throughout embryonic development to adulthood suggesting that it may play a functional role in adult arteries. Here, we investigated Sox17 mediated phenotypical changes in adult ECs. To precisely control the temporal expression level of Sox17, we designed a tetracycline-inducible lentiviral gene expression system to express Sox17 selectively in cultured venous ECs. We confirmed that Sox17-induced ECs exhibit a gene profile favoring arterial and tip cell identity. Furthermore, in comparison to control ECs, Sox17-activated ECs under shear leads to greater expression of arterial markers and suppression of venous identity. These data suggest that Sox17 enables greater hemodynamic adaptability of ECs in response to fluid shear stress. Here, we also demonstrate key morphogenic behaviors of Sox17-mediated ECs. In both vasculogenic and angiogenic 3D fibrin gel studies, Sox17-mediated ECs prefer to form cohesive vessels with one another while interfering the vessel formation of the control ECs. Sox17-mediated ECs elicit hyper-sprouting behavior in the presence of pericytes but not fibroblasts, suggesting Sox17 mediated sprouting frequency is dependent on supporting cell type. Using a microfluidic chip, we also show that Sox17-mediated ECs maintain thinner diameter vessels that do not widen under interstitial flow like the control ECs. Taken together, these data showed that Sox17 mediated EC gene expression and phenotypical changes are highly modulated in the context of biomechanical stimuli, suggesting Sox17 plays a role in regulating the arterial ECs adaptability under arterial hemodynamics as well as tip cells behavior during angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. The results from this study may be valuable in improving vein graft adaptation to arterial hemodynamics and bioengineering microvasculature for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander Grath
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yao Wei Lu
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston's Children Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Karl Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Max Winkelman
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - John J Schwarz
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Guohao Dai
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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12
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Zhu X, Wang C, Duan X, Liang B, Genbo Xu E, Huang Z. Micro- and nanoplastics: A new cardiovascular risk factor? ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107662. [PMID: 36473237 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) is inevitable due to their omnipresence in the environment. A growing body of studies has advanced our understanding of the potential toxicity of MNPs but knowledge gaps still exist regarding the adverse effects of MNPs on the cardiovascular system and underlying mechanisms, particularly in humans. Here, we reviewed up-to-date data published in the past 10 years on MNP-driven cardiovascular toxicity and mechanisms. Forty-six articles concerning ADME (absorption, distribution, and aggregation behaviors) and toxicity of MNPs in the circulatory system of animals and human cells were analyzed and summarized. The results showed that MNPs affected cardiac functions and caused toxicity on (micro)vascular sites. Direct cardiac toxicity of MNPs included abnormal heart rate, cardiac function impairment, pericardial edema, and myocardial fibrosis. On (micro)vascular sites, MNPs induced hemolysis, thrombosis, blood coagulation, and vascular endothelial damage. The main mechanisms included oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, pyroptosis, and interaction between MNPs and multiple cellular components. Cardiovascular toxicity was determined by the properties (type, size, surface, and structure) of MNPs, exposure dose and duration, protein presence, the life stage, sex, and species of the tested organisms, as well as the interaction with other environmental contamination. The limited quantitative information on MNPs' ADME and the lack of guidelines for MNP cardiotoxicity testing makes risk assessment on cardiac health impossible. Furthermore, the future directions of cardiovascular research on MNPs are recommended to enable more realistic health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Zhu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chuanxuan Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoyu Duan
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Boxuan Liang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark.
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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13
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Aman J, Morrell NW, Rhodes CJ, Wilkins MR, Bogaard HJ. The SOX17 phenotype in pulmonary arterial hypertension: lessons for pathobiology and clinical management. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:2201438. [PMID: 37651375 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01438-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jurjan Aman
- Dept of Pulmonology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christopher J Rhodes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Harm Jan Bogaard
- Dept of Pulmonology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Chen J, Liu J, Liu X, Zeng C, Chen Z, Li S, Zhang Q. Animal model contributes to the development of intracranial aneurysm: A bibliometric analysis. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1027453. [DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1027453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionStudies on intracranial aneurysms (IAs) using animal models have evolved for decades. This study aimed to analyze major contributors and trends in IA-related animal research using bibliometric analysis.MethodsIA-related animal studies were retrieved from the Web of Science database. Microsoft Excel 2010, GraphPad Prism 6, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were used to collect and analyze the characteristics of this field.ResultsA total of 273 publications were retrieved. All publications were published between 1976 and 2021, and the peak publication year is 2019. Rat model were used in most of the publications, followed by mice and rabbits. Japan (35.5%), the United States (30.0%), and China (20.1%) were the top three most prolific countries. Although China ranks third in the number of publications, it still lacks high-quality articles and influential institutions. Stroke was the most prolific journal that accepted publications related to IA research using animal models. Circulation has the highest impact factor with IA-related animal studies. Hashimoto N contributed the largest number of articles. Meng hui journal published the first and second highest cited publications. The keywords “subarachnoid hemorrhage,” “macrophage,” “rupture,” “mice,” “elastase,” “gene,” “protein,” “proliferation,” and “risk factors” might be a new trend for studying IA-related animal research.ConclusionsJapan and the Unites States contributed the most to IA–related animal studies, in terms of both researchers and institutions. Although China ranks third in terms of the number of publications, it should strengthen the quality of its publications. Researchers should pay attention to the latest progress of Stroke, Journal of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgery, and Circulation for their high-quality IA-related animal studies. Using animal IA models, especially mice, to investigate the molecular mechanisms of IA may be the frontier topic now and in future.
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15
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Park CS, Kim SH, Yang HY, Kim JH, Schermuly RT, Cho YS, Kang H, Park JH, Lee E, Park H, Yang JM, Noh TW, Lee SP, Bae SS, Han J, Ju YS, Park JB, Kim I. Sox17 Deficiency Promotes Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension via HGF/c-Met Signaling. Circ Res 2022; 131:792-806. [PMID: 36205124 PMCID: PMC9612711 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.320845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In large-scale genomic studies, Sox17, an endothelial-specific transcription factor, has been suggested as a putative causal gene of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, its role and molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We investigated the functional impacts and acting mechanisms of impaired Sox17 (SRY-related HMG-box17) pathway in PAH and explored its potential as a therapeutic target. METHODS In adult mice, Sox17 deletion in pulmonary endothelial cells (ECs) induced PAH under hypoxia with high penetrance and severity, but not under normoxia. RESULTS Key features of PAH, such as hypermuscularization, EC hyperplasia, and inflammation in lung arterioles, right ventricular hypertrophy, and elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, persisted even after long rest in normoxia. Mechanistically, transcriptomic profiling predicted that the combination of Sox17 deficiency and hypoxia activated c-Met signaling in lung ECs. HGF (hepatocyte grow factor), a ligand of c-Met, was upregulated in Sox17-deficient lung ECs. Pharmacologic inhibition of HGF/c-Met signaling attenuated and reversed the features of PAH in both preventive and therapeutic settings. Similar to findings in animal models, Sox17 levels in lung ECs were repressed in 26.7% of PAH patients (4 of 15), while those were robust in all 14 non-PAH controls. HGF levels in pulmonary arterioles were increased in 86.7% of patients with PAH (13 of 15), but none of the controls showed that pattern. CONCLUSIONS The downregulation of Sox17 levels in pulmonary arterioles increases the susceptibility to PAH, particularly when exposed to hypoxia. Our findings suggest the reactive upregulation of HGF/c-Met signaling as a novel druggable target for PAH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Soon Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.).,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (C.S.P., Y.S.C., H.K., S.-P.L., J.-B.P.)
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
| | - Hae Young Yang
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
| | - Ju-Hee Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
| | - Ralph Theo Schermuly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany (R.T.S.)
| | - Ye Seul Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (C.S.P., Y.S.C., H.K., S.-P.L., J.-B.P.)
| | - Hyejeong Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (C.S.P., Y.S.C., H.K., S.-P.L., J.-B.P.).,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea (H.K., S.-P.L.)
| | - Jae-Hyeong Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.-H.P.)
| | - Eunhyeong Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
| | - HyeonJin Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
| | - Jee Myung Yang
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.).,Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea (J.MY.)
| | - Tae Wook Noh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
| | - Seung-Pyo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (C.S.P., Y.S.C., H.K., S.-P.L., J.-B.P.).,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea (H.K., S.-P.L.).,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea (S.-P.L.)
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea (S.S.B.)
| | - Jinju Han
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.).,Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
| | - Young Seok Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.).,Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
| | - Jun-Bean Park
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine (C.S.P., Y.S.C., H.K., S.-P.L., J.-B.P.)
| | - Injune Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (C.S.P., S.H.K., H.Y.Y., J.-H.K., E.L., H.P., J.M.Y., T.W.N., J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.).,Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (J.H., Y.S.J., I.K.)
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16
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Dinger TF, Darkwah Oppong M, Park C, Said M, Chihi M, Rauschenbach L, Gembruch O, Deuschl C, Wrede KH, Lenz V, Kleinschnitz C, Forsting M, Sure U, Jabbarli R. Development of multiple intracranial aneurysms: beyond the common risk factors. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:1056-1063. [PMID: 35120308 DOI: 10.3171/2021.11.jns212325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIAs) has increased over the last decades. Because MIAs have been identified as an independent risk factor for formation, growth, and rupture of intracranial aneurysms (IAs), a more profound understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of MIAs is needed. Therefore, the authors' extensive institutional aneurysm database was analyzed to elucidate differences between patients with a single IA (SIA) and those with MIAs. METHODS A total of 2446 patients seen with or for IAs at the University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany, from January 2003 to June 2016 were included in this retrospective cohort study and were separated into MIA and SIA subgroups. Patient data were screened for sociodemographic and radiographic parameters, preexisting medical conditions, and results of blood examinations. These parameters were analyzed for their correlations with MIAs and absolute number of IAs. RESULTS MIAs were identified in 853 (34.9%) patients. In multivariable analysis, MIAs were independently associated with female sex (p = 0.001), arterial hypertension (p = 0.023), tobacco abuse (p = 0.009), AB blood group (p = 0.010), and increased admission values for C-reactive protein (p = 0.006), mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.009), and total serum protein (p = 0.034), but not with diagnostic modality (3D vs 2D digital subtraction angiography, p = 0.912). Absolute number of IAs was independently associated with female sex (p < 0.001), arterial hypertension (p = 0.014), familial predisposition to IA (p = 0.015), tobacco consumption (p = 0.025), increased mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.002), and high platelet count (p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS In this sizable consecutive series of patients with IAs, the authors confirmed the impact of common IA risk factors on the genesis of MIAs. In addition, specific hemorheological and hemocytological features may also contribute to the development of MIAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiemo F Dinger
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marvin Darkwah Oppong
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Chikadibia Park
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maryam Said
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mehdi Chihi
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Laurèl Rauschenbach
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Oliver Gembruch
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Deuschl
- 2Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Karsten H Wrede
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Veronika Lenz
- 3Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; and
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- 4Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuroscience and Behavioral Science (C-TNBS), University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Forsting
- 2Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sure
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ramazan Jabbarli
- 1Department of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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17
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Trinh LT, Osipovich AB, Sampson L, Wong J, Wright CV, Magnuson MA. Differential regulation of alternate promoter regions in Sox17 during endodermal and vascular endothelial development. iScience 2022; 25:104905. [PMID: 36046192 PMCID: PMC9421400 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sox17 gene expression is essential for both endothelial and endodermal cell differentiation. To better understand the genetic basis for the expression of multiple Sox17 mRNA forms, we identified and performed CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis of two evolutionarily conserved promoter regions (CRs). The deletion of the upstream and endothelial cell-specific CR1 caused only a modest increase in lympho-vasculogenesis likely via reduced Notch signaling downstream of SOX17. In contrast, the deletion of the downstream CR2 region, which functions in both endothelial and endodermal cells, impairs both vascular and endodermal development causing death by embryonic day 12.5. Analyses of 3D chromatin looping, transcription factor binding, histone modification, and chromatin accessibility data at the Sox17 locus and surrounding region further support differential regulation of the two promoters during the development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh T. Trinh
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Anna B. Osipovich
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Leesa Sampson
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jonathan Wong
- College of Arts and Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Chris V.E. Wright
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mark A. Magnuson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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18
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Barak T, Günel M. The quest to unravel the complex genomics of intracranial aneurysms. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:281-282. [PMID: 39196131 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-022-00051-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanyeri Barak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Murat Günel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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19
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Lu J, Linares B, Xu Z, Rui YN. Mechanisms of FA-Phagy, a New Form of Selective Autophagy/Organellophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:799123. [PMID: 34950664 PMCID: PMC8689057 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.799123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesions (FAs) are adhesive organelles that attach cells to the extracellular matrix and can mediate various biological functions in response to different environmental cues. Reduced FAs are often associated with enhanced cell migration and cancer metastasis. In addition, because FAs are essential for preserving vascular integrity, the loss of FAs leads to hemorrhages and is frequently observed in many vascular diseases such as intracranial aneurysms. For these reasons, FAs are an attractive therapeutic target for treating cancer or vascular diseases, two leading causes of death world-wide. FAs are controlled by both their formation and turnover. In comparison to the large body of literature detailing FA formation, the mechanisms of FA turnover are poorly understood. Recently, autophagy has emerged as a major mechanism to degrade FAs and stabilizing FAs by inhibiting autophagy has a beneficial effect on breast cancer metastasis, suggesting autophagy-mediated FA turnover is a promising drug target. Intriguingly, autophagy-mediated FA turnover is a selective process and the cargo receptors for recognizing FAs in this process are context-dependent, which ensures the degradation of specific cargo. This paper mainly reviews the cargo recognition mechanisms of FA-phagy (selective autophagy-mediated FA turnover) and its disease relevance. We seek to outline some new points of understanding that will facilitate further study of FA-phagy and precise therapeutic strategies for related diseases associated with aberrant FA functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bernard Linares
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yan-Ning Rui
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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20
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Abstract
Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm leads to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, a severe type of stroke which is, in part, driven by genetic variation. In the past 10 years, genetic studies of IA have boosted the number of known genetic risk factors and improved our understanding of the disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the current status of the field and highlight the latest findings of family based, sequencing, and genome-wide association studies. We further describe opportunities of genetic analyses for understanding, prevention, and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Bakker
- University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ynte M Ruigrok
- University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
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21
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Giotta Lucifero A, Baldoncini M, Bruno N, Galzio R, Hernesniemi J, Luzzi S. Shedding the Light on the Natural History of Intracranial Aneurysms: An Updated Overview. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57080742. [PMID: 34440948 PMCID: PMC8400479 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57080742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The exact molecular pathways underlying the multifactorial natural history of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are still largely unknown, to the point that their understanding represents an imperative challenge in neurovascular research. Wall shear stress (WSS) promotes the genesis of IAs through an endothelial dysfunction causing an inflammatory cascade, vessel remodeling, phenotypic switching of the smooth muscle cells, and myointimal hyperplasia. Aneurysm growth is supported by endothelial oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators, whereas low and high WSS determine the rupture in sidewall and endwall IAs, respectively. Angioarchitecture, age older than 60 years, female gender, hypertension, cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse, and hypercholesterolemia also contribute to growth and rupture. The improvements of aneurysm wall imaging techniques and the implementation of target therapies targeted against inflammatory cascade may contribute to significantly modify the natural history of IAs. This narrative review strives to summarize the recent advances in the comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the genesis, growth, and rupture of IAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Giotta Lucifero
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Matías Baldoncini
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Hospital San Fernando, Buenos Aires 1646, Argentina;
| | - Nunzio Bruno
- Division of Neurosurgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Renato Galzio
- Neurosurgery Unit, Maria Cecilia Hospital, 48032 Cotignola, Italy;
| | - Juha Hernesniemi
- Juha Hernesniemi International Center for Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China;
| | - Sabino Luzzi
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence:
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22
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Wang TM, Wang SS, Xu YJ, Zhao CM, Qiao XH, Yang CX, Liu XY, Yang YQ. SOX17 Loss-of-Function Mutation Underlying Familial Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Int Heart J 2021; 62:566-574. [PMID: 33952808 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) refers to a rare, progressive disorder that is characterized by occlusive pulmonary vascular remodeling, resulting in increased pulmonary arterial pressure, right-sided heart failure, and eventual death. Emerging evidence from genetic investigations of pediatric-onset PAH highlights the strong genetic basis underpinning PAH, and deleterious variants in multiple genes have been found to cause PAH. Nevertheless, PAH is of substantial genetic heterogeneity, and the genetic defects underlying PAH in the overwhelming majority of cases remain elusive. In this investigation, a consanguineous family suffering from PAH transmitted as an autosomal-dominant trait was identified. Through whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses as well as Sanger sequencing analyses of the PAH family, a novel heterozygous SOX17 mutation, NM_022454.4: c.379C>T; p. (Gln127*), was found to co-segregate with the disease in the family, with complete penetrance. The nonsense mutation was neither observed in 612 unrelated healthy volunteers nor retrieved in the population genetic databases encompassing the Genome Aggregation Database, the Exome Aggregation Consortium database, and the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism database. Biological analyses using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system revealed that the Gln127*-mutant SOX17 protein lost the ability to transcriptionally activate its target gene NOTCH1. Moreover, the Gln127*-mutant SOX17 protein exhibited no inhibitory effect on the function of CTNNB1-encode β-catenin, which is a key player in vascular morphogenesis. This research firstly links SOX17 loss-of-function mutation to familial PAH, which provides novel insight into the molecular pathogenesis of PAH, suggesting potential implications for genetic and prognostic risk evaluation as well as personalized prophylaxis of the family members affected with PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ming Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Shan-Shan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Cui-Mei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Xiao-Hui Qiao
- Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Ningbo Women & Children's Hospital
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Xing-Yuan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University.,Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University
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23
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Zhao L, Jiang WF, Yang CX, Qiao Q, Xu YJ, Shi HY, Qiu XB, Wu SH, Yang YQ. SOX17 loss-of-function variation underlying familial congenital heart disease. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104211. [PMID: 33794346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As the most prevalent form of human birth defect, congenital heart disease (CHD) contributes to substantial morbidity, mortality and socioeconomic burden worldwide. Aggregating evidence has convincingly demonstrated that genetic defects exert a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CHD, and causative mutations in multiple genes have been causally linked to CHD. Nevertheless, CHD is of pronounced genetic heterogeneity, and the genetic components underpinning CHD in the overwhelming majority of patients remain obscure. In this research, a four-generation consanguineous family suffering from CHD transmitted in an autosomal dominant mode was recruited. By whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatics analyses as well as Sanger sequencing analyses of the family members, a new heterozygous SOX17 variation, NM_022454.4: c.553G > T; p.(Glu185*), was identified to co-segregate with CHD in the family, with complete penetrance. The nonsense variation was neither detected in 310 unrelated healthy volunteers used as controls nor retrieved in such population genetics databases as the Exome Aggregation Consortium database, Genome Aggregation Database, and the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism database. Functional assays by utilizing a dual-luciferase reporter assay system unveiled that the Glu185*-mutant SOX17 protein had no transcriptional activity on its two target genes NOTCH1 and GATA4, which have been reported to cause CHD. Furthermore, the mutation abrogated the synergistic transactivation between SOX17 and NKX2.5, another established CHD-causing transcription factor. These findings firstly indicate SOX17 loss-of-function mutation predisposes to familial CHD, which adds novel insight to the molecular mechanism of CHD, implying potential implications for genetic risk appraisal and individualized prophylaxis of the family members affected with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, 264003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei-Feng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chen-Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Qiao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Jia Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yu Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xing-Biao Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Shao-Hui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yi-Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Central Laboratory, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Wu Y, Wharton J, Walters R, Vasilaki E, Aman J, Zhao L, Wilkins MR, Rhodes CJ. The pathophysiological role of novel pulmonary arterial hypertension gene SOX17. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.04172-2020. [PMID: 33632800 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.04172-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease predominantly targeting pre-capillary blood vessels. Adverse structural remodelling and increased pulmonary vascular resistance result in cardiac hypertrophy and ultimately failure of the right ventricle. Recent whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing studies have identified SOX17 as a novel risk gene in PAH, with a dominant mode of inheritance and incomplete penetrance. Rare deleterious variants in the gene and more common variants in upstream enhancer sites have both been associated with the disease, and a deficiency of SOX17 expression may predispose to PAH. This review aims to consolidate the evidence linking genetic variants in SOX17 to PAH, and explores the numerous targets and effects of the transcription factor, focusing on the pulmonary vasculature and the pathobiology of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukyee Wu
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - John Wharton
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel Walters
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eleni Vasilaki
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jurjan Aman
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,VUmc, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lan Zhao
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martin R Wilkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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25
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Endogenous animal models of intracranial aneurysm development: a review. Neurosurg Rev 2021; 44:2545-2570. [PMID: 33501561 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-021-01481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis and natural history of intracranial aneurysm (IA) remains poorly understood. To this end, animal models with induced cerebral vessel lesions mimicking human aneurysms have provided the ability to greatly expand our understanding. In this review, we comprehensively searched the published literature to identify studies that endogenously induced IA formation in animals. Studies that constructed aneurysms (i.e., by surgically creating a sac) were excluded. From the eligible studies, we reported information including the animal species, method for aneurysm induction, aneurysm definitions, evaluation methods, aneurysm characteristics, formation rate, rupture rate, and time course. Between 1960 and 2019, 174 articles reported endogenous animal models of IA. The majority used flow modification, hypertension, and vessel wall weakening (i.e., elastase treatment) to induce IAs, primarily in rats and mice. Most studies utilized subjective or qualitative descriptions to define experimental aneurysms and histology to study them. In general, experimental IAs resembled the pathobiology of the human disease in terms of internal elastic lamina loss, medial layer degradation, and inflammatory cell infiltration. After the early 2000s, many endogenous animal models of IA began to incorporate state-of-the-art technology, such as gene expression profiling and 9.4-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in vivo imaging, to quantitatively analyze the biological mechanisms of IA. Future studies aimed at longitudinally assessing IA pathobiology in models that incorporate aneurysm growth will likely have the largest impact on our understanding of the disease. We believe this will be aided by high-resolution, small animal, survival imaging, in situ live-cell imaging, and next-generation omics technology.
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26
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Bakker MK, van der Spek RAA, van Rheenen W, Morel S, Bourcier R, Hostettler IC, Alg VS, van Eijk KR, Koido M, Akiyama M, Terao C, Matsuda K, Walters RG, Lin K, Li L, Millwood IY, Chen Z, Rouleau GA, Zhou S, Rannikmäe K, Sudlow CLM, Houlden H, van den Berg LH, Dina C, Naggara O, Gentric JC, Shotar E, Eugène F, Desal H, Winsvold BS, Børte S, Johnsen MB, Brumpton BM, Sandvei MS, Willer CJ, Hveem K, Zwart JA, Verschuren WMM, Friedrich CM, Hirsch S, Schilling S, Dauvillier J, Martin O, Jones GT, Bown MJ, Ko NU, Kim H, Coleman JRI, Breen G, Zaroff JG, Klijn CJM, Malik R, Dichgans M, Sargurupremraj M, Tatlisumak T, Amouyel P, Debette S, Rinkel GJE, Worrall BB, Pera J, Slowik A, Gaál-Paavola EI, Niemelä M, Jääskeläinen JE, von Und Zu Fraunberg M, Lindgren A, Broderick JP, Werring DJ, Woo D, Redon R, Bijlenga P, Kamatani Y, Veldink JH, Ruigrok YM. Genome-wide association study of intracranial aneurysms identifies 17 risk loci and genetic overlap with clinical risk factors. Nat Genet 2020; 52:1303-1313. [PMID: 33199917 PMCID: PMC7116530 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-00725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm leads to subarachnoid hemorrhage, a severe type of stroke. To discover new risk loci and the genetic architecture of intracranial aneurysms, we performed a cross-ancestry, genome-wide association study in 10,754 cases and 306,882 controls of European and East Asian ancestry. We discovered 17 risk loci, 11 of which are new. We reveal a polygenic architecture and explain over half of the disease heritability. We show a high genetic correlation between ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms. We also find a suggestive role for endothelial cells by using gene mapping and heritability enrichment. Drug-target enrichment shows pleiotropy between intracranial aneurysms and antiepileptic and sex hormone drugs, providing insights into intracranial aneurysm pathophysiology. Finally, genetic risks for smoking and high blood pressure, the two main clinical risk factors, play important roles in intracranial aneurysm risk, and drive most of the genetic correlation between intracranial aneurysms and other cerebrovascular traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Bakker
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Morel
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Romain Bourcier
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Department of Neuroradiology, Nantes, France
| | - Isabel C Hostettler
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Varinder S Alg
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Masaru Koido
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Genome Sequencing, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robin G Walters
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kuang Lin
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Iona Y Millwood
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sirui Zhou
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kristiina Rannikmäe
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Cathie L M Sudlow
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- UK Biobank, Cheadle, Stockport, UK
| | - Henry Houlden
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, The National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Dina
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Naggara
- Pediatric Radiology, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Department of Neuroradiology, Sainte-Anne Hospital and Université Paris Descartes, INSERM UMR, S894, Paris, France
| | | | - Eimad Shotar
- Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - François Eugène
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Hubert Desal
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
- CHU Nantes, Department of Neuroradiology, Nantes, France
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigrid Børte
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Bakke Johnsen
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ben M Brumpton
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marie Søfteland Sandvei
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- The Cancer Clinic, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph M Friedrich
- Dortmund University of Applied Science and Arts, Dortmund, Germany
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Hirsch
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Schilling
- Zurich University of Applied Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Facility Management, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Olivier Martin
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gregory T Jones
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Matthew J Bown
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and National Institute for Health Research, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Nerissa U Ko
- Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Helen Kim
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan R I Coleman
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonathan G Zaroff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente of Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Catharina J M Klijn
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Malik
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Muralidharan Sargurupremraj
- INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Turgut Tatlisumak
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience at Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1167 LabEx DISTALZ - RID-AGE Université de Lille, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Université de Lille Lille, Lille Lille, France
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- INSERM U1219 Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gabriel J E Rinkel
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bradford B Worrall
- Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Joanna Pera
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Slowik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Emília I Gaál-Paavola
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Niemelä
- Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha E Jääskeläinen
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikael von Und Zu Fraunberg
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antti Lindgren
- Neurosurgery NeuroCenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - David J Werring
- Stroke Research Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Daniel Woo
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Richard Redon
- l'institut du thorax Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CNRS, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Bijlenga
- Neurosurgery Division, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ynte M Ruigrok
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Park JJ, Kim BJ, Youn DH, Choi HJ, Jeon JP. A Preliminary Study of the Association between SOX17 Gene Variants and Intracranial Aneurysms Using Exome Sequencing. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2020; 63:559-565. [PMID: 32380586 PMCID: PMC7477156 DOI: 10.3340/jkns.2019.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Conflicting results regarding SOX17 genes and the risk of intracranial aneurysms (IA) exist in the Korean population, although significant positive correlations were noted in genome-wide association studies in European and Japanese populations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate an association between SOX17 gene variants and IA using exome sequencing data. METHODS This study included 26 age-gender matched IA patients and 26 control subjects. The SOX17 gene variants identified from whole-exome sequencing data were examined. Genetic associations to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were performed using the software EPACTS. RESULTS The mean age of the IA and control groups were 51.0±9.3 years and 49.4±14.3 years, respectively (p=0.623). Seven variants of SOX17, including six single nucleotide polymorphisms and one insertion and deletion, were observed. Among these variants, rs12544958 (A>G) showed the most association with IA, but the association was not statistically significant (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 0.81-4.74; p=0.125). Minor allele frequencies of the IA patients and controls were 0.788 and 0.653, respectively. None of the remaining variants were significantly associated with IA formation. CONCLUSION No significant association between SOX17 gene variants and IA were noted in the Korean population. A large-scale exome sequencing study is necessary to investigate any Korean-specific genetic susceptibility to IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Jin Park
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bong Jun Kim
- Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Youn
- Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyuk Jai Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jin Pyeong Jeon
- Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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28
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Yang JM, Park CS, Kim SH, Noh TW, Kim JH, Park S, Lee J, Park JR, Yoo D, Jung HH, Takase H, Shima DT, Schwaninger M, Lee S, Kim IK, Lee J, Ji YS, Jon S, Oh WY, Kim P, Uemura A, Ju YS, Kim I. Dll4 Suppresses Transcytosis for Arterial Blood-Retinal Barrier Homeostasis. Circ Res 2020; 126:767-783. [PMID: 32078435 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Central nervous system has low vascular permeability by organizing tight junction (TJ) and limiting endothelial transcytosis. While TJ has long been considered to be responsible for vascular barrier in central nervous system, suppressed transcytosis in endothelial cells is now emerging as a complementary mechanism. Whether transcytosis regulation is independent of TJ and its dysregulation dominantly causes diseases associated with edema remain elusive. Dll4 signaling is important for various vascular contexts, but its role in the maintenance of vascular barrier in central nervous system remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To find a TJ-independent regulatory mechanism selective for transcytosis and identify its dysregulation as a cause of pathological leakage. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied transcytosis in the adult mouse retina with low vascular permeability and employed a hypertension-induced retinal edema model for its pathological implication. Both antibody-based and genetic inactivation of Dll4 or Notch1 induce hyperpermeability by increasing transcytosis without junctional destabilization in arterial endothelial cells, leading to nonhemorrhagic leakage predominantly in the superficial retinal layer. Endothelial Sox17 deletion represses Dll4 in retinal arteries, phenocopying Dll4 blocking-driven vascular leakage. Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced hypertension represses arterial Sox17 and Dll4, followed by transcytosis-driven retinal edema, which is rescued by a gain of Notch activity. Transcriptomic profiling of retinal endothelial cells suggests that Dll4 blocking activates SREBP1 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1)-mediated lipogenic transcription and enriches gene sets favorable for caveolae formation. Profiling also predicts the activation of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) signaling by Dll4 blockade. Inhibition of SREBP1 or VEGF-VEGFR2 (VEGF receptor 2) signaling attenuates both Dll4 blockade-driven and hypertension-induced retinal leakage. CONCLUSIONS In the retina, Sox17-Dll4-SREBP1 signaling axis controls transcytosis independently of TJ in superficial arteries among heterogeneous regulations for the whole vessels. Uncontrolled transcytosis via dysregulated Dll4 underlies pathological leakage in hypertensive retina and could be a therapeutic target for treating hypertension-associated retinal edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Myung Yang
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Chan Soon Park
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Tae Wook Noh
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Ju-Hee Kim
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Seongyeol Park
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Jingu Lee
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology (J.L., P.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon.,KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (J.L., J.R.P., W.-Y.O., P.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Jang Ryul Park
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (J.L., J.R.P., W.-Y.O., P.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon.,Mechanical Engineering (J.R.P., W.-Y.O.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Dohyun Yoo
- Biological Sciences (D.Y., S.J.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon.,KAIST Institute for the BioCentury (D.Y., S.J.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Hyun Ho Jung
- Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Republic of Korea (H.H.J., Y.-S.J.)
| | - Hiroshi Takase
- Core Laboratory (H.T.), Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - David T Shima
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, United Kingdom (D.T.S.)
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Seungjoo Lee
- Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Republic of Korea (S.L.)
| | - Il-Kug Kim
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (I.-K.K.), Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyeop Lee
- Ophthalmology (J.L.), Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Sok Ji
- Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Republic of Korea (H.H.J., Y.-S.J.)
| | - Sangyong Jon
- Biological Sciences (D.Y., S.J.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon.,KAIST Institute for the BioCentury (D.Y., S.J.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Wang-Yuhl Oh
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (J.L., J.R.P., W.-Y.O., P.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon.,Mechanical Engineering (J.R.P., W.-Y.O.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Pilhan Kim
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon.,Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology (J.L., P.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon.,Mechanical Engineering (J.R.P., W.-Y.O.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Akiyoshi Uemura
- Retinal Vascular Biology (A.U.), Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Young Seok Ju
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
| | - Injune Kim
- From the Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (J.M.Y., C.S.P., S.H.K., T.W.N., J.-H.K., S.P., P.K., Y.S.J., I.K.), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon
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29
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Thompson JW, Elwardany O, McCarthy DJ, Sheinberg DL, Alvarez CM, Nada A, Snelling BM, Chen SH, Sur S, Starke RM. In vivo cerebral aneurysm models. Neurosurg Focus 2019; 47:E20. [DOI: 10.3171/2019.4.focus19219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral aneurysm rupture is a devastating event resulting in subarachnoid hemorrhage and is associated with significant morbidity and death. Up to 50% of individuals do not survive aneurysm rupture, with the majority of survivors suffering some degree of neurological deficit. Therefore, prior to aneurysm rupture, a large number of diagnosed patients are treated either microsurgically via clipping or endovascularly to prevent aneurysm filling. With the advancement of endovascular surgical techniques and devices, endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms is becoming the first-line therapy at many hospitals. Despite this fact, a large number of endovascularly treated patients will have aneurysm recanalization and progression and will require retreatment. The lack of approved pharmacological interventions for cerebral aneurysms and the need for retreatment have led to a growing interest in understanding the molecular, cellular, and physiological determinants of cerebral aneurysm pathogenesis, maturation, and rupture. To this end, the use of animal cerebral aneurysm models has contributed significantly to our current understanding of cerebral aneurysm biology and to the development of and training in endovascular devices. This review summarizes the small and large animal models of cerebral aneurysm that are being used to explore the pathophysiology of cerebral aneurysms, as well as the development of novel endovascular devices for aneurysm treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W. Thompson
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
| | - Omar Elwardany
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
| | - David J. McCarthy
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
| | - Dallas L. Sheinberg
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
| | - Carlos M. Alvarez
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
| | - Ahmed Nada
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
| | - Brian M. Snelling
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
- 4Marcus Neuroscience Institute, Boca Raton Regional Hospital, Boca Raton, Florida
| | - Stephanie H. Chen
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
| | - Samir Sur
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
| | - Robert M. Starke
- Departments of 1Neurological Surgery and
- 2Radiology, University of Miami
- 3The University of Miami Cerebrovascular Initiative, University of Miami; and
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30
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Sox17 is required for endothelial regeneration following inflammation-induced vascular injury. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2126. [PMID: 31073164 PMCID: PMC6509327 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair of the endothelial cell barrier after inflammatory injury is essential for tissue fluid homeostasis and normalizing leukocyte transmigration. However, the mechanisms of endothelial regeneration remain poorly understood. Here we show that the endothelial and hematopoietic developmental transcription factor Sox17 promotes endothelial regeneration in the endotoxemia model of endothelial injury. Genetic lineage tracing studies demonstrate that the native endothelium itself serves as the primary source of endothelial cells repopulating the vessel wall following injury. We identify Sox17 as a key regulator of endothelial cell regeneration using endothelial-specific deletion and overexpression of Sox17. Endotoxemia upregulates Hypoxia inducible factor 1α, which in turn transcriptionally activates Sox17 expression. We observe that Sox17 increases endothelial cell proliferation via upregulation of Cyclin E1. Furthermore, endothelial-specific upregulation of Sox17 in vivo enhances lung endothelial regeneration. We conclude that endotoxemia adaptively activates Sox17 expression to mediate Cyclin E1-dependent endothelial cell regeneration and restore vascular homeostasis.
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31
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Laarman MD, Geeven G, Barnett P, Rinkel GJE, de Laat W, Ruigrok YM, Bakkers J. Chromatin Conformation Links Putative Enhancers in Intracranial Aneurysm-Associated Regions to Potential Candidate Genes. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e011201. [PMID: 30994044 PMCID: PMC6512097 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.011201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background We previously showed that intracranial aneurysm (IA)–associated single‐nucleotide polymorphisms are enriched in promoters and putative enhancers identified in the human circle of Willis, on which IAs develop, suggesting a role for promoters and enhancers in IAs. We further investigated the role of putative enhancers in the pathogenesis of IA by identifying their potential target genes and validating their regulatory activity. Methods and Results Using our previously published circle of Willis chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing data, we selected 34 putative enhancers in IA‐associated regions from genome‐wide association studies. We then used a chromatin conformation capture technique to prioritize target genes and found that 15 putative enhancers interact with the promoters of 6 target genes: SOX17,CDKN2B,MTAP,CNNM2,RPEL1, and GATA6. Subsequently, we assessed the activity of these putative enhancers in vivo in zebrafish embryos and confirmed activity for 8 putative enhancers. Last, we found that all 6 target genes are expressed in the circle of Willis, on the basis of RNA sequencing data and in situ hybridization. Furthermore, in situ hybridization showed that these genes are expressed in multiple cell types in the circle of Willis. Conclusions In 4 of 6 IA‐associated genome‐wide association study regions, we identified 8 putative enhancers that are active in vivo and interact with 6 nearby genes, suggesting that these genes are regulated by the identified putative enhancers. These genes, SOX17,CDKN2B,MTAP,CNNM2,RPEL1, and GATA6, are therefore potential candidate genes involved in IA pathogenesis and should be studied using animal models in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Laarman
- 1 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center, Utrecht the Netherlands.,2 Hubrecht Institute (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)) University Medical Center, Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Geert Geeven
- 2 Hubrecht Institute (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)) University Medical Center, Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Phil Barnett
- 4 Department of Medical Biology Academic Medical Center University of Amsterdam the Netherlands
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- 5 Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Gabriël J E Rinkel
- 1 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center, Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Wouter de Laat
- 2 Hubrecht Institute (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)) University Medical Center, Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Ynte M Ruigrok
- 1 Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Brain Center Rudolf Magnus University Medical Center, Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Bakkers
- 2 Hubrecht Institute (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW)) University Medical Center, Utrecht the Netherlands.,3 Division of Heart and Lungs Department of Medical Physiology University Medical Center, Utrecht the Netherlands
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32
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Intracranial Aneurysms: Pathology, Genetics, and Molecular Mechanisms. Neuromolecular Med 2019; 21:325-343. [PMID: 31055715 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-019-08537-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysms (IA) are local dilatations in cerebral arteries that predominantly affect the circle of Willis. Occurring in approximately 2-5% of adults, these weakened areas are susceptible to rupture, leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a type of hemorrhagic stroke. Due to its early age of onset and poor prognosis, SAH accounts for > 25% of years lost for all stroke victims under the age of 65. In this review, we describe the cerebrovascular pathology associated with intracranial aneurysms. To understand IA genetics, we summarize syndromes with elevated incidence, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), whole exome studies on IA-affected families, and recent research that established definitive roles for Thsd1 (Thrombospondin Type 1 Domain Containing Protein 1) and Sox17 (SRY-box 17) in IA using genetically engineered mouse models. Lastly, we discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms of IA, including defects in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells caused by dysfunction in mechanotransduction, Thsd1/FAK (Focal Adhesion Kinase) signaling, and the Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) pathway. As illustrated by THSD1 research, cell adhesion may play a significant role in IA.
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Li M, Wang W, Zhang L, Xin W, Zhao Y, Huan L, Yu J, Zhang H, Zhang J, Yang S, Liang D, Yang W, Yang X. Genetic polymorphisms in Sox17 associated with intracranial aneurysm in Chinese Han people: a genotype-phenotype study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:779-783. [PMID: 31040677 PMCID: PMC6452799 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s193478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic factors play a vital role in intracranial aneurysm (IA) onset and development. Studying the relationship between IA and the Sox17 polymorphisms in diverse populations is essential for establishing credibility. PATIENTS AND METHODS We collected blood samples derived from a total of 596 sporadic IA patients and 600 individual controls in several medical institutes in China. We used the Sequenom MassArray system for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyping after DNA extraction. The SNPs data was tested and analyzed in PLINK (version 1.9). Multiple-testing was performed in PLINK to make the statistics more rigorous and accurate. RESULTS We found that the allelic G of rs1072737 (OR=1.303, genomic-control corrected P-value =0.001032) is a risk allele, while the allelic G of rs9298506 (OR=0.7253, genomic-control corrected P-value =0.01559) is a protective allele in Chinese Han people. CONCLUSION The allelic G of rs1072737 is a risk factor for IA, while the allelic G of rs9298506 serves as a protective factor for IA in Chinese Han people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Weihan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Linchun Huan
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Yu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Shuyuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Degang Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
- Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education in China and Tianjin, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, People's Republic of China,
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Ha EH, Choi JP, Kwon HS, Park HJ, Lah SJ, Moon KA, Lee SH, Kim I, Cho YS. Endothelial Sox17 promotes allergic airway inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 144:561-573.e6. [PMID: 30928652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-33, levels of which are known to be increased in patients with eosinophilic asthma and which is suggested as a therapeutic target for it, activates endothelial cells in which Sry-related high-mobility-group box (Sox) 17, an endothelium-specific transcription factor, was upregulated. OBJECTIVE We investigated the relationship between Sox17 and IL-33 and the possible role of Sox17 in the pathogenesis of asthma using a mouse model of airway inflammation. METHODS We used ovalbumin (OVA) to induce airway inflammation in endothelium-specific Sox17 null mutant mice and used IL-33 neutralizing antibody to evaluate the interplay between IL-33 and Sox17. We evaluated airway inflammation and measured levels of various cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. We also carried out loss- or gain-of-function experiments for Sox17 in human endothelial cells. RESULTS Levels of IL-33 and Sox17 were significantly increased in the lungs of OVA-challenged mice. Anti-IL-33 neutralizing antibody treatment attenuated not only OVA-induced airway inflammation but also Sox17 expression in pulmonary endothelial cells. Importantly, endothelium-specific deletion of Sox17 resulted in significant alleviation of various clinical features of asthma, including airway inflammation, immune cell infiltration, cytokine/chemokine production, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Sox17 deletion also resulted in decreased densities of Ly6chigh monocytes and inflammatory dendritic cells in the lungs. In IL-33-stimulated human endothelial cells, Sox17 showed positive correlation with CCL2 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 levels. Lastly, Sox17 promoted monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and upregulated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway. CONCLUSION Sox17 was regulated by IL-33, and its genetic ablation in endothelial cells resulted in alleviation of asthma-related pathophysiologic features. Sox17 might be a potential target for asthma management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hee Ha
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Hyouk-Soo Kwon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyeung Ju Park
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Joon Lah
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Seung-Hyo Lee
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Injune Kim
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Program, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - You Sook Cho
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Yao Y, Yao J, Boström KI. SOX Transcription Factors in Endothelial Differentiation and Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transitions. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:30. [PMID: 30984768 PMCID: PMC6447608 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-related HMG box of DNA binding proteins, referred to as SOX transcription factors, were first identified as critical regulators of male sex determination but are now known to play an important role in vascular development and disease. SOX7, 17, and 18 are essential in endothelial differentiation and SOX2 has emerged as an essential mediator of endothelial-mesenchymal transitions (EndMTs), a mechanism that enables the endothelium to contribute cells with abnormal cell differentiation to vascular disease such as calcific vasculopathy. In the following paper, we review published information on the SOX transcription factors in endothelial differentiation and hypothesize that SOX2 acts as a mediator of EndMTs that contribute to vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jiayi Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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36
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Karschnia P, Nishimura S, Louvi A. Cerebrovascular disorders associated with genetic lesions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:283-300. [PMID: 30327838 PMCID: PMC6450555 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2934-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disorders are underlain by perturbations in cerebral blood flow and abnormalities in blood vessel structure. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of select cerebrovascular disorders that are associated with genetic lesions and connect genomic findings with analyses aiming to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. We argue that a mechanistic understanding of genetic (familial) forms of cerebrovascular disease is a prerequisite for the development of rational therapeutic approaches, and has wider implications for treatment of sporadic (non-familial) forms, which are usually more common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Karschnia
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Program on Neurogenetics, Yale School of Medicine, P.O. Box 208082, New Haven, CT, 06520-8082, USA
| | - Sayoko Nishimura
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Program on Neurogenetics, Yale School of Medicine, P.O. Box 208082, New Haven, CT, 06520-8082, USA
| | - Angeliki Louvi
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neuroscience, Program on Neurogenetics, Yale School of Medicine, P.O. Box 208082, New Haven, CT, 06520-8082, USA.
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37
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Jiang S, Xie X. Early interventional embolization in the treatment of cerebral aneurysm rupture. Pak J Med Sci 2018; 34:1463-1467. [PMID: 30559804 PMCID: PMC6290242 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.346.15786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical effectiveness and safety of early interventional embolization in the treatment of ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Methods: Eighty-eight patients with cerebral aneurysm rupture who were admitted to the hospital between February 2015 and October 2016 were selected as the research subjects and were randomly divided into a control group (N=44) and an observation group (N=44) using random number table. Patients in the control group were given interventional embolization three days after admission, while patients in the observation group were given interventional embolization within three days after admission. The complete, sub complete and incomplete embolization rates were compared between the two groups. The prognosis of the patients was evaluated using modified Rankin scale and modified Barthel index. The incidences of complications were recorded. Results: The complete, sub-complete and incomplete embolization rates of the observation group and control group were significantly different (P<0.05). The modified Rankin score of the observation group was remarkably lower than that of the control group, and the modified Barthel index of the observation group was remarkably higher than that of the control group; the differences had statistical significance (P<0.05). The incidence of complications of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion: Early interventional embolization has satisfactory effect in the treatment of cerebral aneurysm rupture and effectively improve prognosis; hence it is worth promotion in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Jiang
- Song Jiang, Department Interventional Treatment, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xiufen Xie
- Xiufen Xie, Department Interventional Treatment, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
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38
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Forrester SJ, Booz GW, Sigmund CD, Coffman TM, Kawai T, Rizzo V, Scalia R, Eguchi S. Angiotensin II Signal Transduction: An Update on Mechanisms of Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1627-1738. [PMID: 29873596 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 634] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is believed to mediate most functions of ANG II in the system. AT1R utilizes various signal transduction cascades causing hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling, and end organ damage. Moreover, functional cross-talk between AT1R signaling pathways and other signaling pathways have been recognized. Accumulating evidence reveals the complexity of ANG II signal transduction in pathophysiology of the vasculature, heart, kidney, and brain, as well as several pathophysiological features, including inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and aging. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update of the ANG II receptor signaling events and their functional significances for potential translation into therapeutic strategies. AT1R remains central to the system in mediating physiological and pathophysiological functions of ANG II, and participation of specific signaling pathways becomes much clearer. There are still certain limitations and many controversies, and several noteworthy new concepts require further support. However, it is expected that rigorous translational research of the ANG II signaling pathways including those in large animals and humans will contribute to establishing effective new therapies against various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - George W Booz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Curt D Sigmund
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas M Coffman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
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Bonney S, Dennison BJC, Wendlandt M, Siegenthaler JA. Retinoic Acid Regulates Endothelial β-catenin Expression and Pericyte Numbers in the Developing Brain Vasculature. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:476. [PMID: 30568578 PMCID: PMC6290079 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The acquisition of brain vascular properties, like tight junctions and pericytes, to form the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial for a properly functioning central nervous system (CNS). Endothelial WNT signaling is a known driver of brain vascular development and BBB properties, however, it is unclear how endothelial WNT signaling is regulated. We recently showed that mouse embryos with disruptions in endothelial retinoic acid (RA) signaling have ectopic WNT signaling in the brain vasculature. Using immunohistochemistical analysis, we show that increased vascular WNT signaling in RA mutants (Pdgfbicre; dnRAR403-flox and Rdh10 mutants) is associated with elevated expression of the WNT transcriptional effector, β-catenin, in the brain endothelium. In vitro immunocytochemistry and proximity ligation studies in brain endothelial cells reveal that RA, through its receptor RARα, regulates β-catenin expression in brain endothelial cells via transcriptional suppression and phosphorylation events that targets β-catenin for proteasomal degradation, the latter dependent on PKCα. We find that one function of RA in regulating vascular WNT signaling is to modulate the pericyte numbers in the developing brain vasculature. RA-mediated regulation of vascular WNT signaling could be needed to prevent over-recruitment of pericytes that might impair endothelial-pericyte interactions crucial for vascular stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bonney
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States.,Cell Biology, Stem Cells and Development Graduate Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Brenna J C Dennison
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States.,Cell Biology, Stem Cells and Development Graduate Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Megan Wendlandt
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Julie A Siegenthaler
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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40
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Ryu J, Kim BJ, Lee KM, Kim HG, Choi SK, Kim EJ, Lee SH, Chang DI, Kwun BD. Intracranial Arterial Tortuosity According to the Characteristics of Intracranial Aneurysms. World Neurosurg 2018; 120:e1185-e1192. [PMID: 30236811 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is the leading cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage. The pathomechanisms of IA are poorly understood but can be related to arterial tortuosity resulting from underlying systemic factors leading to arterial wall weakening. We aimed to analyze the tortuosity of the intracranial artery in a cohort with IA, hypothesizing that the tortuosity of intracranial arteries differs depending on the characteristics of the IA. METHODS Patients with saccular IA were consecutively enrolled. Clinical factors and vascular tortuosity of the right and left middle cerebral arteries and basilar artery (BA) of all patients with IA were compared according to the characteristics of the IA: 1) ruptured versus unruptured, 2) multiple versus single, and 3) large (>5 cm) versus small (≤5 cm). Unruptured IAs were comparatively analyzed according to aneurysm size and aspect ratio, whereas ruptured IAs were analyzed according to aneurysm size. RESULTS Two hundred eighty-five patients were enrolled (mean age, 59 years; 71.2% women). The tortuosity of the BA was higher in the large IA group (5.63 ± 6.26; n = 133; P = 0.009), large unruptured IA group (6.64 ± 6.32; n = 53; P = 0.039), and large ruptured IA group (5.50 ± 6.52; n = 80; P = 0.033) compared with the small IA, small unruptured IA, and small ruptured IA group. In multivariate analysis, increased BA tortuosity was significantly associated with large IAs (β = 1.066; P = 0.008), unruptured large IAs (β = 1.077; P = 0.033), and ruptured large IAs (β = 1.086; P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS The BA tortuosity was higher in patients with large IAs, which may represent an imaging biomarker of aneurysm growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwook Ryu
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bum Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Lee
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyug-Gi Kim
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Keun Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eui Jong Kim
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Dae-Il Chang
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Duk Kwun
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Zhu N, Welch CL, Wang J, Allen PM, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Ma L, King AK, Krishnan U, Rosenzweig EB, Ivy DD, Austin ED, Hamid R, Pauciulo MW, Lutz KA, Nichols WC, Reid JG, Overton JD, Baras A, Dewey FE, Shen Y, Chung WK. Rare variants in SOX17 are associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension with congenital heart disease. Genome Med 2018; 10:56. [PMID: 30029678 PMCID: PMC6054746 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-018-0566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease characterized by distinctive changes in pulmonary arterioles that lead to progressive pulmonary arterial pressures, right-sided heart failure, and a high mortality rate. Up to 30% of adult and 75% of pediatric PAH cases are associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD), and the underlying etiology is largely unknown. There are no known major risk genes for PAH-CHD. METHODS To identify novel genetic causes of PAH-CHD, we performed whole exome sequencing in 256 PAH-CHD patients. We performed a case-control gene-based association test of rare deleterious variants using 7509 gnomAD whole genome sequencing population controls. We then screened a separate cohort of 413 idiopathic and familial PAH patients without CHD for rare deleterious variants in the top association gene. RESULTS We identified SOX17 as a novel candidate risk gene (p = 5.5e-7). SOX17 is highly constrained and encodes a transcription factor involved in Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling during development. We estimate that rare deleterious variants contribute to approximately 3.2% of PAH-CHD cases. The coding variants identified include likely gene-disrupting (LGD) and deleterious missense, with most of the missense variants occurring in a highly conserved HMG-box protein domain. We further observed an enrichment of rare deleterious variants in putative targets of SOX17, many of which are highly expressed in developing heart and pulmonary vasculature. In the cohort of PAH without CHD, rare deleterious variants of SOX17 were observed in 0.7% of cases. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly implicate SOX17 as a new risk gene contributing to PAH-CHD as well as idiopathic/familial PAH. Replication in other PAH cohorts and further characterization of the clinical phenotype will be important to confirm the precise role of SOX17 and better estimate the contribution of genes regulated by SOX17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Carrie L. Welch
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Jiayao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Philip M. Allen
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | | | - Lijiang Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Alejandra K. King
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Usha Krishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Erika B. Rosenzweig
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - D. Dunbar Ivy
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Denver, CO USA
| | - Eric D. Austin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Rizwan Hamid
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Michael W. Pauciulo
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of CincinnatiCollege of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Katie A. Lutz
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - William C. Nichols
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of CincinnatiCollege of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Jeffrey G. Reid
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - John D. Overton
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Aris Baras
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Frederick E. Dewey
- Regeneron Genetics Center, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Wendy K. Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
- New York, USA
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Yang X, Li J, Fang Y, Zhang Z, Jin D, Chen X, Zhao Y, Li M, Huan L, Kent TA, Dong JF, Jiang R, Yang S, Jin L, Zhang J, Zhong TP, Yu F. Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor ARHGEF17 Is a Risk Gene for Intracranial Aneurysms. CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2018; 11:e002099. [PMID: 29997225 PMCID: PMC6141028 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.117.002099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is usually a late-onset disease, affecting 1% to 3% of the general population and leading to life-threatening subarachnoid hemorrhage. Genetic susceptibility has been implicated in IAs, but the causative genes remain elusive. METHODS We performed next-generation sequencing in a discovery cohort of 20 Chinese IA patients. Bioinformatics filters were exploited to search for candidate deleterious variants with rare and low allele frequency. We further examined the candidate variants in a multiethnic sample collection of 86 whole exome sequenced unsolved familial IA cases from 3 previously published studies. RESULTS We identified that the low-frequency variant c.4394C>A_p.Ala1465Asp (rs2298808) of ARHGEF17 was significantly associated with IA in our Chinese discovery cohort (P=7.3×10-4; odds ratio=7.34). It was subsequently replicated in Japanese familial IA patients (P=0.039; odds ratio=4.00; 95% confidence interval=0.832-14.8) and was associated with IA in the large Chinese sample collection comprising 832 sporadic IA-affected and 599 control individuals (P=0.041; odds ratio=1.51; 95% confidence interval=1.02-Inf). When combining the sequencing data of all familial IA patients from 4 different ethnicities (ie, Chinese, Japanese, European American, and French-Canadian), we identified a significantly increased mutation burden for ARHGEF17 (21/106 versus 11/306; P=8.1×10-7; odds ratio=6.6; 95% confidence interval=2.9-15.8) in cases as compared with controls. In zebrafish, arhgef17 was highly expressed in the brain blood vessel. arhgef17 knockdown caused blood extravasation in the brain region. Endothelial lesions were identified exclusively on cerebral blood vessels in the arhgef17-deficient zebrafish. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide compelling evidence that ARHGEF17 is a risk gene for IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.)
| | - Jiani Li
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.L., F.Y.)
| | - Yabo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.F., D.J., X.C., L.J., T.P.Z.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, East China Normal University School of Life Sciences (Y.F., D.J., L.J., T.P.Z.)
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.)
| | - Daqing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.F., D.J., X.C., L.J., T.P.Z.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, East China Normal University School of Life Sciences (Y.F., D.J., L.J., T.P.Z.)
| | - Xingdong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.F., D.J., X.C., L.J., T.P.Z.)
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.)
| | - Mengqi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.)
| | - Linchun Huan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong, China (L.H.)
| | - Thomas A Kent
- Engineering Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center and College of Engineering, Houston (T.A.K.)
| | - Jing-Fei Dong
- Blood Works Northwest Research Institute, Seattle, WA (J.-F.D.)
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (J.-F.D.)
| | - Rongcai Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.)
| | - Shuyuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.)
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.F., D.J., X.C., L.J., T.P.Z.)
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.).
| | - Tao P Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhong Shan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.F., D.J., X.C., L.J., T.P.Z.).
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, East China Normal University School of Life Sciences (Y.F., D.J., L.J., T.P.Z.)
| | - Fuli Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China (X.Y., Z.Z., Y.Z., M.L., L.H., R.J., S.Y., J.Z., F.Y.).
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (J.L., F.Y.)
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Zhou S, Dion PA, Rouleau GA. Genetics of Intracranial Aneurysms. Stroke 2018; 49:780-787. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.018152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Zhou
- From the Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital (S.Z., P.A.D., G.A.R.) and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (P.A.D., G.A.R.), McGill University, Québec, Canada; and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada (S.Z.)
| | - Patrick A. Dion
- From the Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital (S.Z., P.A.D., G.A.R.) and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (P.A.D., G.A.R.), McGill University, Québec, Canada; and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada (S.Z.)
| | - Guy A. Rouleau
- From the Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital (S.Z., P.A.D., G.A.R.) and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (P.A.D., G.A.R.), McGill University, Québec, Canada; and Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada (S.Z.)
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44
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Hong EP, Kim BJ, Kim C, Choi HJ, Jeon JP. Association of SOX17 Gene Polymorphisms and Intracranial Aneurysm: A Case-Control Study and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 2018; 110:e823-e829. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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45
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Ribecco-Lutkiewicz M, Sodja C, Haukenfrers J, Haqqani AS, Ly D, Zachar P, Baumann E, Ball M, Huang J, Rukhlova M, Martina M, Liu Q, Stanimirovic D, Jezierski A, Bani-Yaghoub M. A novel human induced pluripotent stem cell blood-brain barrier model: Applicability to study antibody-triggered receptor-mediated transcytosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1873. [PMID: 29382846 PMCID: PMC5789839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a renewable, scalable and transgene free human blood-brain barrier model, composed of brain endothelial cells (BECs), generated from human amniotic fluid derived induced pluripotent stem cells (AF-iPSC), which can also give rise to syngeneic neural cells of the neurovascular unit. These AF-iPSC-derived BECs (i-BEC) exhibited high transendothelial electrical resistance (up to 1500 Ω cm2) inducible by astrocyte-derived molecular cues and retinoic acid treatment, polarized expression of functional efflux transporters and receptor mediated transcytosis triggered by antibodies against specific receptors. In vitro human BBB models enable pre-clinical screening of central nervous system (CNS)-targeting drugs and are of particular importance for assessing species-specific/selective transport mechanisms. This i-BEC human BBB model discriminates species-selective antibody- mediated transcytosis mechanisms, is predictive of in vivo CNS exposure of rodent cross-reactive antibodies and can be implemented into pre-clinical CNS drug discovery and development processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ribecco-Lutkiewicz
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Caroline Sodja
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Julie Haukenfrers
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Arsalan S Haqqani
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Dao Ly
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Peter Zachar
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Ewa Baumann
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Marguerite Ball
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Jez Huang
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Marina Rukhlova
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Marzia Martina
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Qing Liu
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Danica Stanimirovic
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Anna Jezierski
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada.
| | - Mahmud Bani-Yaghoub
- Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0R6, Canada
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FOXF1 transcription factor promotes lung regeneration after partial pneumonectomy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10690. [PMID: 28878348 PMCID: PMC5587533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXF1, a member of the forkhead box family of transcription factors, has been previously shown to be critical for lung development, homeostasis, and injury responses. However, the role of FOXF1 in lung regeneration is unknown. Herein, we performed partial pneumonectomy, a model of lung regeneration, in mice lacking one Foxf1 allele in endothelial cells (PDGFb-iCre/Foxf1 fl/+ mice). Endothelial cell proliferation was significantly reduced in regenerating lungs from mice deficient for endothelial Foxf1. Decreased endothelial proliferation was associated with delayed lung regeneration as shown by reduced respiratory volume in Foxf1-deficient lungs. FACS-sorted endothelial cells isolated from regenerating PDGFb-iCre/Foxf1 fl/+ and control lungs were used for RNAseq analysis to identify FOXF1 target genes. Foxf1 deficiency altered expression of numerous genes including those regulating extracellular matrix remodeling (Timp3, Adamts9) and cell cycle progression (Cdkn1a, Cdkn2b, Cenpj, Tubb4a), which are critical for lung regeneration. Deletion of Foxf1 increased Timp3 mRNA and protein, decreasing MMP14 activity in regenerating lungs. ChIPseq analysis for FOXF1 and histone methylation marks identified DNA regulatory regions within the Cd44, Cdkn1a, and Cdkn2b genes, indicating they are direct FOXF1 targets. Thus FOXF1 stimulates lung regeneration following partial pneumonectomy via direct transcriptional regulation of genes critical for extracellular matrix remodeling and cell cycle progression.
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47
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Zhang L, Jambusaria A, Hong Z, Marsboom G, Toth PT, Herbert BS, Malik AB, Rehman J. SOX17 Regulates Conversion of Human Fibroblasts Into Endothelial Cells and Erythroblasts by Dedifferentiation Into CD34 + Progenitor Cells. Circulation 2017; 135:2505-2523. [PMID: 28381471 PMCID: PMC5472005 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.025722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: The mechanisms underlying the dedifferentiation and lineage conversion of adult human fibroblasts into functional endothelial cells have not yet been fully defined. Furthermore, it is not known whether fibroblast dedifferentiation recapitulates the generation of multipotent progenitors during embryonic development, which give rise to endothelial and hematopoietic cell lineages. Here we established the role of the developmental transcription factor SOX17 in regulating the bilineage conversion of fibroblasts by the generation of intermediate progenitors. Methods: CD34+ progenitors were generated after the dedifferentiation of human adult dermal fibroblasts by overexpression of pluripotency transcription factors. Sorted CD34+ cells were transdifferentiated into induced endothelial cells and induced erythroblasts using lineage-specific growth factors. The therapeutic potential of the generated cells was assessed in an experimental model of myocardial infarction. Results: Induced endothelial cells expressed specific endothelial cell surface markers and also exhibited the capacity for cell proliferation and neovascularization. Induced erythroblasts expressed erythroid surface markers and formed erythroid colonies. Endothelial lineage conversion was dependent on the upregulation of the developmental transcription factor SOX17, whereas suppression of SOX17 instead directed the cells toward an erythroid fate. Implantation of these human bipotential CD34+ progenitors into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) mice resulted in the formation of microvessels derived from human fibroblasts perfused with mouse and human erythrocytes. Endothelial cells generated from human fibroblasts also showed upregulation of telomerase. Cell implantation markedly improved vascularity and cardiac function after myocardial infarction without any evidence of teratoma formation. Conclusions: Dedifferentiation of fibroblasts to intermediate CD34+ progenitors gives rise to endothelial cells and erythroblasts in a SOX17-dependent manner. These findings identify the intermediate CD34+ progenitor state as a critical bifurcation point, which can be tuned to generate functional blood vessels or erythrocytes and salvage ischemic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghui Zhang
- From Department of Pharmacology (L.Z., A.J., Z.H., G.M., P.T.T., A.B.M., J.R.), Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.R.), The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (B.-S.H.)
| | - Ankit Jambusaria
- From Department of Pharmacology (L.Z., A.J., Z.H., G.M., P.T.T., A.B.M., J.R.), Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.R.), The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (B.-S.H.)
| | - Zhigang Hong
- From Department of Pharmacology (L.Z., A.J., Z.H., G.M., P.T.T., A.B.M., J.R.), Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.R.), The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (B.-S.H.)
| | - Glenn Marsboom
- From Department of Pharmacology (L.Z., A.J., Z.H., G.M., P.T.T., A.B.M., J.R.), Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.R.), The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (B.-S.H.)
| | - Peter T Toth
- From Department of Pharmacology (L.Z., A.J., Z.H., G.M., P.T.T., A.B.M., J.R.), Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.R.), The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (B.-S.H.)
| | - Brittney-Shea Herbert
- From Department of Pharmacology (L.Z., A.J., Z.H., G.M., P.T.T., A.B.M., J.R.), Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.R.), The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (B.-S.H.)
| | - Asrar B Malik
- From Department of Pharmacology (L.Z., A.J., Z.H., G.M., P.T.T., A.B.M., J.R.), Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.R.), The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (B.-S.H.)
| | - Jalees Rehman
- From Department of Pharmacology (L.Z., A.J., Z.H., G.M., P.T.T., A.B.M., J.R.), Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (J.R.), The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago; and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (B.-S.H.).
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Abstract
A small molecule called Sm4 can disrupt interactions involving a transcription factor called Sox18, while having little impact on other members of the SoxF family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Injune Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gou Young Koh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Center for Vascular Research, Institute of Basic Science, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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49
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Santiago-Sim T, Fang X, Hennessy ML, Nalbach SV, DePalma SR, Lee MS, Greenway SC, McDonough B, Hergenroeder GW, Patek KJ, Colosimo SM, Qualmann KJ, Hagan JP, Milewicz DM, MacRae CA, Dymecki SM, Seidman CE, Seidman JG, Kim DH. THSD1 (Thrombospondin Type 1 Domain Containing Protein 1) Mutation in the Pathogenesis of Intracranial Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Stroke 2016; 47:3005-3013. [PMID: 27895300 PMCID: PMC5134902 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.116.014161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A ruptured intracranial aneurysm (IA) is the leading cause of a subarachnoid hemorrhage. This study seeks to define a specific gene whose mutation leads to disease. METHODS More than 500 IA probands and 100 affected families were enrolled and clinically characterized. Whole exome sequencing was performed on a large family, revealing a segregating THSD1 (thrombospondin type 1 domain containing protein 1) mutation. THSD1 was sequenced in other probands and controls. Thsd1 loss-of-function studies in zebrafish and mice were used for in vivo analyses and functional studies performed using an in vitro endothelial cell model. RESULTS A nonsense mutation in THSD1 was identified that segregated with the 9 affected (3 suffered subarachnoid hemorrhage and 6 had unruptured IA) and was absent in 13 unaffected family members (LOD score 4.69). Targeted THSD1 sequencing identified mutations in 8 of 507 unrelated IA probands, including 3 who had suffered subarachnoid hemorrhage (1.6% [95% confidence interval, 0.8%-3.1%]). These THSD1 mutations/rare variants were highly enriched in our IA patient cohort relative to 89 040 chromosomes in Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) database (P<0.0001). In zebrafish and mice, Thsd1 loss-of-function caused cerebral bleeding (which localized to the subarachnoid space in mice) and increased mortality. Mechanistically, THSD1 loss impaired endothelial cell focal adhesion to the basement membrane. These adhesion defects could be rescued by expression of wild-type THSD1 but not THSD1 mutants identified in IA patients. CONCLUSIONS This report identifies THSD1 mutations in familial and sporadic IA patients and shows that THSD1 loss results in cerebral bleeding in 2 animal models. This finding provides new insight into IA and subarachnoid hemorrhage pathogenesis and provides new understanding of THSD1 function, which includes endothelial cell to extracellular matrix adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Santiago-Sim
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Xiaoqian Fang
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Morgan L Hennessy
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Stephen V Nalbach
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Steven R DePalma
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Ming Sum Lee
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Steven C Greenway
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Barbara McDonough
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Georgene W Hergenroeder
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Kyla J Patek
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Sarah M Colosimo
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Krista J Qualmann
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - John P Hagan
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Calum A MacRae
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Susan M Dymecki
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Christine E Seidman
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - J G Seidman
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.)
| | - Dong H Kim
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (T.S.-S., X.F., G.W.H., K.J.P., S.M.C., K.J.Q., J.P.H., D.H.K.) and Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine (D.M.M.), The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (M.L.H., S.V.N., S.R.D., S.C.G., B.M., S.M.D., C.E.S., J.G.S.); Department of Neurosurgery (S.V.N.), Department of Medicine (M.S.L., C.A.M.), and Cardiovascular Division (C.E.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD (C.E.S.).
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Hirota K, Akagawa H, Onda H, Yoneyama T, Kawamata T, Kasuya H. Association of Rare Nonsynonymous Variants in PKD1 and PKD2 with Familial Intracranial Aneurysms in a Japanese Population. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:2900-2906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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