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Paul NF, Gustmann K, Tetens J, Falker-Gieske C. MG132 dramatically reduces SAA expression in chicken hepatocellular carcinoma cells at the transcript level independent of its endogenous promoter. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:770. [PMID: 38896168 PMCID: PMC11186868 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, is widely used to inhibit nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activity by proteasome-mediated degradation of IκB. It has been marketed as a specific, reversible, cell-permeable and low-cost inhibitor. However, adverse effects of the compound have been reported in the literature. We recently discovered and characterised a point mutation in the acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) in chickens, by overexpressing the protein in chicken hepatocellular carcinoma (LMH) cells. This serine to arginine exchange at amino acid position 90 (SAA.R90S) leads to intra- and extracellular accumulation of SAA, which is surprisingly counteracted by MG132 treatment, independent of SAA's intrinsic promoter. METHODS AND RESULTS To test, whether low proteasomal degradation of SAA.R90S is responsible for the observed intra- and extracellular SAA accumulation, we intended to inhibit the proteasome in SAA wild type (SAA.WT) overexpressing cells with MG132. However, we observed an unexpected drastic decrease in SAA protein expression at the transcript level. NF-κB gene expression was unchanged by MG132 at the measured time point. CONCLUSIONS The observed results demonstrate that MG132 inhibits SAA expression at the transcript level, independent of its endogenous promoter. Further, the data might indicate that NF-κB is not involved in the observed MG132-induced inhibition of SAA expression. We, consequently, question in this brief report whether MG132 should truly be categorised as a specific ubiquitin proteasome inhibitor and recommend the usage of alternative compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora-Fabienne Paul
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Functional Breeding, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karolin Gustmann
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Functional Breeding, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jens Tetens
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Functional Breeding, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research, Georg-August-University, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Clemens Falker-Gieske
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Functional Breeding, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Burckhardtweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Center for Integrated Breeding Research, Georg-August-University, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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2
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Wu Q, Liu WJ, Ma XY, Chang JS, Zhao XY, Liu YH, Yu XY. Zonisamide attenuates pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy in mice through proteasome inhibition. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:738-750. [PMID: 38097716 PMCID: PMC10943222 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial hypertrophy is a pathological thickening of the myocardium which ultimately results in heart failure. We previously reported that zonisamide, an antiepileptic drug, attenuated pressure overload-caused myocardial hypertrophy and diabetic cardiomyopathy in murine models. In addition, we have found that the inhibition of proteasome activates glycogen synthesis kinase 3 (GSK-3) thus alleviates myocardial hypertrophy, which is an important anti-hypertrophic strategy. In this study, we investigated whether zonisamide prevented pressure overload-caused myocardial hypertrophy through suppressing proteasome. Pressure overload-caused myocardial hypertrophy was induced in mice by trans-aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. Two days after the surgery, the mice were administered zonisamide (10, 20, 40 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.g.) for four weeks. We showed that zonisamide administration significantly mitigated impaired cardiac function. Furthermore, zonisamide administration significantly inhibited proteasome activity as well as the expression levels of proteasome subunit beta types (PSMB) of the 20 S proteasome (PSMB1, PSMB2 and PSMB5) and proteasome-regulated particles (RPT) of the 19 S proteasome (RPT1, RPT4) in heart tissues of TAC mice. In primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs), zonisamide (0.3 μM) prevented myocardial hypertrophy triggered by angiotensin II (Ang II), and significantly inhibited proteasome activity, proteasome subunits and proteasome-regulated particles. In Ang II-treated NRCMs, we found that 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid (18α-GA, 2 mg/ml), a proteasome inducer, eliminated the protective effects of zonisamide against myocardial hypertrophy and proteasome. Moreover, zonisamide treatment activated GSK-3 through inhibiting the phosphorylated AKT (protein kinase B, PKB) and phosphorylated liver kinase B1/AMP-activated protein kinase (LKB1/AMPKα), the upstream of GSK-3. Zonisamide treatment also inhibited GSK-3's downstream signaling proteins, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4), both being the hypertrophic factors. Collectively, this study highlights the potential of zonisamide as a new therapeutic agent for myocardial hypertrophy, as it shows potent anti-hypertrophic potential through the suppression of proteasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wan-Jie Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xin-Yu Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ji-Shuo Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ying-Hua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Xi-Yong Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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3
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Georgiopoulos G, Makris N, Laina A, Theodorakakou F, Briasoulis A, Trougakos IP, Dimopoulos MA, Kastritis E, Stamatelopoulos K. Cardiovascular Toxicity of Proteasome Inhibitors: Underlying Mechanisms and Management Strategies: JACC: CardioOncology State-of-the-Art Review. JACC CardioOncol 2023; 5:1-21. [PMID: 36875897 PMCID: PMC9982226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are the backbone of combination treatments for patients with multiple myeloma and AL amyloidosis, while also indicated in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and other malignancies. PIs act on proteasome peptidases, causing proteome instability due to accumulating aggregated, unfolded, and/or damaged polypeptides; sustained proteome instability then induces cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. Carfilzomib, an intravenous irreversible PI, exhibits a more severe cardiovascular toxicity profile as compared with the orally administered ixazomib or intravenous reversible PI such as bortezomib. Cardiovascular toxicity includes heart failure, hypertension, arrhythmias, and acute coronary syndromes. Because PIs are critical components of the treatment of hematological malignancies and amyloidosis, managing their cardiovascular toxicity involves identifying patients at risk, diagnosing toxicity early at the preclinical level, and offering cardioprotection if needed. Future research is required to elucidate underlying mechanisms, improve risk stratification, define the optimal management strategy, and develop new PIs with safe cardiovascular profiles.
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Key Words
- ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme
- ACS, acute coronary syndrome
- AE, adverse event
- AF, atrial fibrillation
- ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker
- ASCT, autologous stem cell transplantation
- BP, blood pressure
- CVAE, cardiovascular adverse event
- ESC, European Society of Cardiology
- FMD, flow-mediated dilatation
- GLS, global longitudinal strain
- HF, heart failure
- HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
- IHD, ischemic heart disease
- IMiD, immunomodulatory drug
- Kd, carfilzomib and dexamethasone
- LA, left atrial
- LV, left ventricular
- LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction
- MM, multiple myeloma
- NO, nitric oxide
- NP, natriuretic peptide
- OS, overall survival
- PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell
- PFS, progression-free survival
- PH, pulmonary hypertension
- PI, proteasome inhibitor
- PWV, pulse wave velocity
- PrA, proteasome activity
- RRMM, relapse or refractory multiple myeloma
- SBP, systolic blood pressure
- TMA, thrombotic microangiopathy
- UPP, ubiquitin proteasome pathway
- VTE, venous thromboembolism
- Vd, bortezomib and dexamethasone
- WM, Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia
- bortezomib
- cardiovascular toxicity
- carfilzomib
- eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- ixazomib
- proteasome inhibition
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Georgiopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos Makris
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ageliki Laina
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Foteini Theodorakakou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Briasoulis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Efstathios Kastritis
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kimon Stamatelopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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4
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Xie Y, Gao R, Gao Y, Dong Z, Ge J. 11S Proteasome Activator REGγ Promotes Aortic Dissection by Inhibiting RBM3 (RNA Binding Motif Protein 3) Pathway. Hypertension 2023; 80:125-137. [PMID: 36330811 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disorder with high mortality and lacking underlying mechanisms or effective treatments. REGγ, the 11S proteasome activator known to promote the degradation of cellular proteins in a ubiquitin- and ATP-independent manner, emerges as a new regulator in the cardiovascular system. METHODS Using β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN)-subjected REGγ knockout AD mice and Ang II (angiotensin II)-treated REGγ deficiency vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to explore the effect of REGγ in AD progression. RESULTS REGγ was upregulated in mouse aorta of β-aminopropionitrile-induced AD model in vivo and Ang II-treated VSMCs in vitro. REGγ deficiency ameliorated AD progression in β-aminopropionitrile-induced mice by protecting against the switch in VSMCs from contractile to synthetic phenotype through suppressing RBM3 (RNA-binding motif protein 3) decay. Mechanically, REGγ interacted with and degraded the RNA-binding protein RBM3 directly, leading to decreased mRNA stability, lowered expression and transcriptional activity of transcription factor SRF (serum response factor), subsequently reduced transcription of VSMCs-specific contractile genes, α-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) and SM22α (smooth muscle 22 alpha), caused the switch in VSMCs from contractile to synthetic phenotype and associated AD progression. Ablation of endogenous SRF or RBM3, or overexpressing exogenous RBM3 in VSMCs significantly blocked or reestablished the REGγ-dependent action on VSMCs phenotypic switch of Ang II stimulation in vitro. Furthermore, exogenously introducing RBM3 improved the switch in VSMCs from contractile to synthetic phenotype and associated AD features caused by REGγ in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that REGγ promoted the switch in VSMCs from contractile to synthetic phenotype and AD progression by inhibiting RBM3-SRF pathway, indicated that modulating REGγ-proteasome activity may be a potential therapeutic approach for AD-associated cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.).,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases' Shanghai' China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.).,Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.X., J.G.)
| | - Rifeng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.).,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases' Shanghai' China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.)
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.).,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases' Shanghai' China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.)
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.).,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases' Shanghai' China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.)
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.).,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases' Shanghai' China (Y.X., R.G., Y.G., Z.D., J.G.).,Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Y.X., J.G.)
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5
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Pathophysiology of heart failure and an overview of therapies. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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6
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Zhao H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yin K, Wang D, Li B, Yu H, Xing M. ROS-Induced Hepatotoxicity under Cypermethrin: Involvement of the Crosstalk between Nrf2/Keap1 and NF-κB/iκB-α Pathways Regulated by Proteasome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6171-6183. [PMID: 33843202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CMN) is a man-made insecticide, and its abuse has led to potential adverse effects, particularly in sensitive populations such as aquatic organisms. The present study was focused on the toxic phenotype and detoxification mechanism in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) after treatment with waterborne CMN (0.651 μg/L) for 6 weeks in vivo or 6.392 μM for 24 h in vitro. In vivo, we describe the toxic phenotype of the liver of grass carp in terms of pathological changes, serum transaminase levels, oxidative stress indexes, and apoptosis rates. RNA-Seq analysis (2 × 3 cDNA libraries) suggested a compromise of proteasome and oxidative phosphorylation signaling pathways under CMN exposure. Thus, these two pathways were chosen for the in vitro study, which suggested that the CMN intoxication-induced proteasome pathway caused hepatotoxicity in the liver cell line of grass carp (L8824 cells). Moreover, pretreatment with MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, displayed protection against the toxic effects of CMN by enhancing antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capability by directly inhibiting the proteasomal degradation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor (Nrf2) and IκB-α, thus turning on the transcription of downstream genes of Nrf2 and NF-κB, respectively. Taken together, these results suggest proteasome activity as a reason for CMN-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjing Zhao
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Yachen Liu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Kai Yin
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Baoying Li
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Hongxian Yu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
| | - Mingwei Xing
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, PR China
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7
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Takano APC, Senger N, Barreto-Chaves MLM. The endocrinological component and signaling pathways associated to cardiac hypertrophy. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110972. [PMID: 32777452 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although myocardial growth corresponds to an adaptive response to maintain cardiac contractile function, the cardiac hypertrophy is a condition that occurs in many cardiovascular diseases and typically precedes the onset of heart failure. Different endocrine factors such as thyroid hormones, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), angiotensin II (Ang II), endothelin (ET-1), catecholamines, estrogen, among others represent important stimuli to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Thus, numerous endocrine disorders manifested as changes in the local environment or multiple organ systems are especially important in the context of progression from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure. Based on that information, this review summarizes experimental findings regarding the influence of such hormones upon signalling pathways associated with cardiac hypertrophy. Understanding mechanisms through which hormones differentially regulate cardiac hypertrophy could open ways to obtain therapeutic approaches that contribute to prevent or delay the onset of heart failure related to endocrine diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalia Senger
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes is essential to prevent cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by proteasome inhibition. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:783. [PMID: 32951004 PMCID: PMC7502079 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heart is a multi-cellular organ made up of various cell types interacting with each other. Cardiomyocytes may benefit or suffer from crosstalk with noncardiomyocytes in response to diverse kinds of cardiac stresses. Proteasome dysfunction is a common cardiac stress which causes cardiac proteotoxicity and contributes to cardiac diseases such as heart failure and myocardial infarction. The role of crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes in defense of cardiac proteotoxicity remains unknown. Here, we report a cardiomyocyte-specific survival upon proteasome inhibition in a heterogeneous culture consisting of cardiomyocytes and other three major cardiac cell types. Conversely, cardiomyocyte apoptosis is remarkably induced by proteasome inhibition in a homogeneous culture consisting of a majority of cardiomyocytes, demonstrating an indispensable role of noncardiomyocytes in the prevention of cardiomyocyte apoptosis resulting from proteasome inhibition. We further show that cardiomyocytes express brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) as an extracellular molecule in response to proteasome inhibition. Blockade of BNP receptor on noncardiomyocytes significantly exacerbated the cardiomyocyte apoptosis, indicating a paracrine function of cardiomyocyte-released extracellular BNP in activation of a protective feedback from noncardiomyocytes. Finally, we demonstrate that proteasome inhibition-activated transcriptional up-regulation of BNP in cardiomyocytes was associated with the dissociation of repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor (REST)/ histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) repressor complex from BNP gene promoter. Consistently, the induction of BNP could be further augmented by the treatment of HDAC inhibitors. We conclude that the crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes plays a crucial role in the protection of cardiomyocytes from proteotoxicity stress, and identify cardiomyocyte-released BNP as a novel paracrine signaling molecule mediating this crosstalk. These findings provide new insights into the key regulators and cardioprotective mechanism in proteasome dysfunction-related cardiac diseases.
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9
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Guil MJ, Schöller MI, Cassinotti LR, Biancardi VC, Pitra S, Bianciotti LG, Stern JE, Vatta MS. Role of endothelin receptor type A on catecholamine regulation in the olfactory bulb of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats: Hemodynamic implications. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:165527. [PMID: 31398465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that the olfactory bulb is involved in blood pressure regulation in health and disease. Enhanced noradrenergic transmission in the olfactory bulb was reported in hypertension. Given that endothelins modulate catecholamines and are involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension, in the present study we sought to establish the role of the endothelin receptor type A on tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis, in the olfactory bulb of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats, randomly divided into Control and DOCA-Salt hypertensive groups, were used to assess endothelin receptors by Western blot and confocal microscopy, and their co-localization with tyrosine hydroxylase in the olfactory bulb. Blood pressure and heart rate as well as tyrosine hydroxylase expression and activity were assessed following BQ610 (ETA antagonist) applied to the brain. DOCA-Salt hypertensive rats showed enhanced ETA and decreased ETB expression. ETA co-localized with tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons. Acute ETA blockade reduced blood pressure and heart rate and decreased the expression of total tyrosine hydroxylase and its phosphorylated forms. Furthermore, it also diminished mRNA tyrosine hydroxylase expression and accelerated the enzyme degradation through the proteasome pathway as shown by pretreatment with MG132, (20s proteasome inhibitor) intracerebroventricularly applied. Present findings support that the brain endothelinergic system plays a major role through ETA activation in the increase of catecholaminergic activity in the olfactory bulb of DOCA-Salt hypertensive rats. They provide rationale evidence that this telencephalic structure contributes in a direct or indirect way to the hemodynamic regulation in salt dependent hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Guil
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes I Schöller
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis R Cassinotti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Soledad Pitra
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Liliana G Bianciotti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiopatología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo (INIGEM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier E Stern
- Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Marcelo S Vatta
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química y Metabolismo del Fármaco (IQUIMEFA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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10
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Li J, Johnson JA, Su H. Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-like proteins in cardiac disease and protection. Curr Drug Targets 2019; 19:989-1002. [PMID: 26648080 DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666151209114608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification represents an important mechanism to regulate protein function in cardiac cells. Ubiquitin (Ub) and ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) are a family of protein modifiers that share a certain extent of sequence and structure similarity. Conjugation of Ub or UBLs to target proteins is dynamically regulated by a set of UBL-specific enzymes and modulates the physical and physiological properties of protein substrates. Ub and UBLs control a strikingly wide spectrum of cellular processes and not surprisingly are involved in the development of multiple human diseases including cardiac diseases. Further identification of novel UBL targets will expand our understanding of the functional diversity of UBL pathways in physiology and pathology. Here we review recent findings on the mechanisms, proteome and functions of a subset of UBLs and highlight their potential impacts on the development and progression of various forms of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - John A Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Huabo Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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11
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Cao Y, Xu C, Ye J, He Q, Zhang X, Jia S, Qiao X, Zhang C, Liu R, Weng L, Liu Y, Liu L, Zheng M. Miro2 Regulates Inter-Mitochondrial Communication in the Heart and Protects Against TAC-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction. Circ Res 2019; 125:728-743. [PMID: 31455181 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rationale: The constrained mitochondria in cardiomyocytes communicate with each other, through mitochondrial kissing or nanotunneling, forming a dynamically continuous network to share content and transfer signals. However, the molecular mechanism of cardiac inter-mitochondrial communication is unclear. Objective: To determine the molecular mechanism underlying the robust inter-mitochondrial communication and its pathophysiological relevance in the heart. Methods and Results: By mitochondria-targeted expressing the photoactivatable green fluorescent protein, we revealed that most mitochondrial nanotubes bridge communicating mitochondrial pairs were associated with microtubules. Miro2 (mitochondrial Rho GTPase), the outer mitochondrial membrane protein which usually mediates mitochondrial transport within cells, accompanied with mitochondrial nanotubes along microtubules in adult cardiomyocytes. Adenovirus mediated expression of Miro2 in cardiomyocytes accelerated inter-mitochondrial communication through increasing mitochondrial nanotunneling and mitochondrial kissing between adjacent mitochondrial pairs. In transverse aortic constriction-induced hypertrophic mouse hearts Miro2 protein was declined, accompanied with decreased inter-mitochondrial communication. Miro2 transgenic mice showed ameliorated cardiac function, increased mitochondrial nanotube formation and inter-mitochondrial communication, and improved mitochondrial function after transverse aortic constriction. E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin was increased in transverse aortic constriction mouse hearts and phenylephrine stimulation-induced hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of proteasome blocked phenylephrine-induced decrease of Miro2, and Parkin overexpression led to the decrease of Miro2. Conclusions: Mitochondrial Miro2 expression levels regulate inter-mitochondrial communication along microtubules in adult cardiomyocytes, and degradation of Miro2 through Parkin-mediated ubiquitination contributes to impaired inter-mitochondrial communication and cardiac dysfunction during hypertrophic heart diseases.Visual Overview: An online visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangpo Cao
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Chunling Xu
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Jingjing Ye
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Qihua He
- Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Q.H.)
| | - Xingzhong Zhang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Shi Jia
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Xue Qiao
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Ruxia Liu
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Lin Weng
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Yingying Liu
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Limei Liu
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
| | - Ming Zheng
- From the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China (Y.C., C.X., J.Y., X.Z., S.J., X.Q., C.Z., R.L., L.W., Y.L., L.L., M.Z.)
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12
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Lino CA, Demasi M, Barreto-Chaves ML. Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) activation in the cardiac hypertrophy of hyperthyroidism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 493:110451. [PMID: 31112742 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is the main proteolytic pathway in eukaryotic cells. Changes in proteasome expression and activity have been associated to cardiovascular diseases as cardiac hypertrophy. Considering that cardiac hypertrophy is commonly associated to hyperthyroidism condition, the present study aimed to investigate the contribution of UPS in cardiac hypertrophy induced by thyroid hormones. Hyperthyroidism was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injections of triiodothyronine (T3; 7 μg/100 g of body weight) for 7 days and confirmed by raised levels of total T3 and decreased levels of total T4. In addition, systolic blood pressure and heart rate were significantly increased in hyperthyroid group. Cardiac hypertrophy was confirmed in hyperthyroid group by increased heart weight/tibia length ratio and by increased α-MHC/β-MHC relative expression. Both catalytic (20SPT) and regulatory subunits (19SPT) of the constitutive proteasome were upregulated in hyperthyroid hearts. In addition, the transcripts that encode immunoproteasome subunits were also elevated. Furthermore, ATP-dependent chymotrypsin-like activity (26SPT) was significantly increased in hyperthyroid group. Despite the upregulation and activation of UPS in hyperthyroid hearts, the content of polyubiquitinated proteins was unaltered in relation to control. Together, these results evidence the activation of cardiac proteasome by thyroid hormones, which possibly contribute to the maintenance of protein quality control and regulation of cardiac hypertrophy in response to thyroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Antunes Lino
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilene Demasi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Barreto-Chaves
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Functional Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Patel VG, Cornell RF. Cardiovascular Complications Associated with Multiple Myeloma Therapies: Incidence, Pathophysiology, and Management. Curr Oncol Rep 2019; 21:29. [PMID: 30834998 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-019-0784-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Multiple myeloma is a common hematologic malignancy characterized by recurrent relapsing disease course requiring use of various therapies. Over the past few decades, significant advancements in the treatment of myeloma have occurred including routine use of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs. These have effectively improved survival; however, some also have increased risk of cardiovascular toxicity. Here, we will review the incidence, pathophysiology, and management of cardiovascular complications associated with antimyeloma agents. RECENT FINDINGS Cardiovascular complications associated with myeloma treatment are common. These cardiovascular complications include accelerated hypertension, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, arrhythmia, pulmonary hypertension, venous thromboembolism, and arterial thromboembolism. Thromboprophylactic strategies during treatment with immunomodulatory agents and screening strategies to detect changes in myocardial function prior to the development of overt heart failure have occurred. Cardiovascular complications associated with proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs are an important component in supportive care of patients with myeloma. The incidence of cardiotoxicity is high, and, as such, early intervention and collaborative efforts between cardiologists and oncologists to mitigate and effectively manage these complications are imperative. Additional studies are needed to clarify the underlying pathophysiology and evaluate effective strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek G Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Robert F Cornell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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14
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Braumann S, Baldus S, Pfister R. Molecular mechanisms underlying cardiotoxicity of novel cancer therapeutics. J Thorac Dis 2019; 10:S4335-S4343. [PMID: 30701101 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.10.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Novel cancer therapeutics contribute to a steadily declining cancer mortality. However, several of these new therapies target pathways also involved in the cardiovascular system thus causing cardiotoxic side effects such as chemotherapy-induced heart failure (CIHF). This might limit the applicability of these effective treatments in a relevant number of patients. Furthermore, given the improving cancer survival rates, chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxic complications receive increasing attention given their potential impact on long-term morbidity and mortality. The understanding of molecular mechanisms that underlie CIHF is crucial for future improvement of pharmacodynamics of these therapeutics but also for developing specific interventions to prevent CIHF. Here, we discuss molecular mechanisms underlying CIHF of novel cancer therapeutics including a short synopsis on clinical management of patients suffering from CIHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Braumann
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Cologne, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Baldus
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Cologne, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman Pfister
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Cologne, Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Cologne, Germany
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15
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Chen K, Rekep M, Wei W, Wu Q, Xue Q, Li S, Tian J, Yi Q, Zhang G, Zhang G, Xiao Q, Luo J, Liu Y. Quercetin Prevents In Vivo and In Vitro Myocardial Hypertrophy Through the Proteasome-GSK-3 Pathway. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2019; 32:5-21. [PMID: 29435775 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-018-6771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quercetin, a flavonoid, has been reported to ameliorate cardiovascular diseases, such as cardiac hypertrophy. However, the mechanism is not completely understood. In this study, a mechanism related to proteasome-glycogen synthesis kinase 3 (GSK-3) was elucidated in rats and primary neonatal cardiomyocytes. METHODS Rats were subjected to sham or constriction of abdominal aorta surgery groups and treated with or without quercetin for 8 weeks. Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced primary cardiomyocytes were cultured with quercetin treatment or not for 48 h. Echocardiography, real-time RT-PCR, histology, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting were conducted. Proteasome activities were also detected using a fluorescent peptide substrate. RESULTS Echocardiography showed that quercetin prevented constriction of abdominal aorta-induced cardiac hypertrophy and improved the cardiac diastolic function. In addition, quercetin also significantly reduced the Ang II-induced hypertrophic surface area and atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) mRNA level in primary cardiomyocytes. Proteasome activities were obviously inhibited in the quercetin-treated group both in vivo and in vitro. Quercetin also decreased the levels of proteasome subunit beta type (PSMB) 1, PSMB2, and PSMB5 of the 20S proteasome as well as the levels of proteasome regulatory particle (Rpt) 1 and Rpt4 of the 19S proteasome. In particular, the PSMB5 level in the nucleus was reduced after quercetin treatment. Furthermore, phosphorylated GSK-3α/β (inactivation of GSK-3) was decreased, which means that GSK-3 activity was increased. The phosphorylation levels of upstream AKT (PKB (protein kinase B)) and liver kinase B1/AMP activated protein kinase (LKB1/AMPKα) and those of downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), histone H3, β-catenin, and GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) were reduced after quercetin treatment, while hypertrophy was reversed after treatment with the GSK-3 inhibitor. CONCLUSION In summary, quercetin prevents cardiac hypertrophy, which is related to proteasome inhibition and activation of GSK-3α/β. Upstream (AKT, LKB1/AMPKα) and downstream hypertrophic factors, such as ERK, histone H3, β-catenin, and GATA4, may also be involved.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3/metabolism
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/enzymology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/prevention & control
- Male
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/drug effects
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Proteasome Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Quercetin/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuixiang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
- Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514031, China
| | - Mubarak Rekep
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Institute of Brain Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Qin Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiahui Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Quan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Genshui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Guiping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiandong Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yinghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Clinical Pharmacology and Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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16
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Editorial Commentary: Dichotomous actions of the E3-ligase Ring TRIMmers in cardiac myocytes. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2018; 29:9-11. [PMID: 30585158 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Heckmann MB, Doroudgar S, Katus HA, Lehmann LH. Cardiovascular adverse events in multiple myeloma patients. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S4296-S4305. [PMID: 30701098 PMCID: PMC6328391 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.09.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease, caused by an uncontrolled clonal proliferation of a specific group of white blood cells, the plasma cells. Clinical manifestations include bone pain due to osteolysis, hypercalcemia, anemia, and renal insufficiency. Proteasome inhibitors have substantially improved survival of patients suffering from multiple myeloma, providing an efficient treatment option mainly for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. Although constituting one substance class, bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib differ greatly regarding their non-hematologic side effects. This article reviews the clinical and preclinical data on approved proteasome inhibitors in an attempt to decipher the underlying pathomechanisms related to cardiovascular adverse events seen in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B. Heckmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shirin Doroudgar
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A. Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lorenz H. Lehmann
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pneumology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Gupta I, Varshney NK, Khan S. Emergence of Members of TRAF and DUB of Ubiquitin Proteasome System in the Regulation of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Front Genet 2018; 9:336. [PMID: 30186311 PMCID: PMC6110912 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays an imperative role in many critical cellular processes, frequently by mediating the selective degradation of misfolded and damaged proteins and also by playing a non-degradative role especially important as in many signaling pathways. Over the last three decades, accumulated evidence indicated that UPS proteins are primal modulators of cell cycle progression, DNA replication, and repair, transcription, immune responses, and apoptosis. Comparatively, latest studies have demonstrated a substantial complexity by the UPS regulation in the heart. In addition, various UPS proteins especially ubiquitin ligases and proteasome have been identified to play a significant role in the cardiac development and dynamic physiology of cardiac pathologies such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, hypertrophy, and heart failure. However, our understanding of the contribution of UPS dysfunction in the plausible development of cardiac pathophysiology and the complete list of UPS proteins regulating these afflictions is still in infancy. The recent emergence of the roles of TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAFs) and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) superfamily in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has enhanced our knowledge. In this review, we have mainly compiled the TRAF superfamily of E3 ligases and few DUBs proteins with other well-documented E3 ligases such as MDM2, MuRF-1, Atrogin-I, and TRIM 32 that are specific to myocardial hypertrophy. In this review, we also aim to highlight their expression profile following physiological and pathological stimulation leading to the onset of hypertrophic phenotype in the heart that can serve as biomarkers and the opportunity for the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- Structural Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India.,Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Nishant K Varshney
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Sameena Khan
- Drug Discovery Research Center, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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Gavazzoni M, Vizzardi E, Gorga E, Bonadei I, Rossi L, Belotti A, Rossi G, Ribolla R, Metra M, Raddino R. Mechanism of cardiovascular toxicity by proteasome inhibitors: New paradigm derived from clinical and pre-clinical evidence. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 828:80-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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20
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The ubiquitin-proteasome system: A potential therapeutic target for heart failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017; 36:708-714. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Lee H, Park J, Kim EE, Yoo YS, Song EJ. Proteasome inhibitors attenuated cholesterol-induced cardiac hypertrophy in H9c2 cells. BMB Rep 2017; 49:270-5. [PMID: 26592933 PMCID: PMC5070706 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.5.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays roles in protein degradation, cell
cycle control, and growth and inflammatory cell signaling. Dysfunction of UPS in
cardiac diseases has been seen in many studies. Cholesterol acts as an inducer
of cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, the effect of proteasome inhibitors on
the cholesterol-induced hypertrophic growth in H9c2 cells is examined in order
to observe whether UPS is involved in cardiac hypertrophy. The treatment of
proteasome inhibitors MG132 and Bortezomib markedly reduced cellular surface
area and mRNA expression of β-MHC in cholesterol-induced cardiac
hypertrophy. In addition, activated AKT and ERK were significantly attenuated by
MG132 and Bortezomib in cholesterol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. We demonstrated
that cholesterol-induced cardiac hypertrophy was suppressed by proteasome
inhibitors. Thus, regulatory mechanism of cholesterol-induced cardiac
hypertrophy by proteasome inhibitors may provide a new therapeutic strategy to
prevent the progression of heart failure. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(5): 270-275]
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Eunice EunKyeong Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Young Sook Yoo
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Song
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
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22
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Abstract
Although cardiac resuscitation can revive the whole body, the mechanisms are unclear. To this end, we propose that reviving a dead/dysfunctional cardiomyocyte will shed light on resuscitation mechanisms and pave the way to treat cardiac myopathies. The degradation of the myocyte cytoskeleton by the proteasome system which involves calpains, ubiquitin, caspases and matrix metalloproteases is the main focus of this review. The activation of calpains beyond the calpastatin-mediated inhibition due to extensive calcium harbor can lead to titin degradation, damage to the sarcomere and contractile dysfunction. The ubiquitin proteasome system can disturb the protein homeostasis within the cell and generate a dysfunctional myocyte. The matrix metalloproteases disrupt the collagen/elastin ratio and connexins to generate arrhythmias. The concept of cardiac resuscitation stems from protecting the myocyte cytoskeleton and keeping the protein homeostasis intact through management of the degradation machinery. In this regard, proteasome inhibitors for the degradation machinery have an elegant space. Recently exosomes have been identified potentially, as carriers of microRNAs or proteins that can modify the target cells. Exosomes loaded with the inhibitor "cargo" which comprises microRNAs, siRNAs or proteins to inhibit the degradation machinery can be a method of choice for cardiac resuscitation-a process difficult to execute.
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23
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Guo CX, Jiang X, Zeng XJ, Wang HX, Li HH, Du FH, Chen BX. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial apoptosis via regulating the ubiquitin proteasome system. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 94:17-26. [PMID: 26878774 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM Apoptosis participated in the pathological process of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Previous studies have reported that endogenous substance sRAGE protect against I/R injury through inhibiting myocardial apoptosis. But the mechanisms are currently unknown. Prior work has demonstrated that ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) dysfunction is closely related to apoptosis. We explored the potential role of UPS in the effect of sRAGE inhibition on I/R-induced myocardial apoptosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Adult male C57BL mice treated with sRAGE (100μg/day, i.p.) or saline were performed to ligate left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) as an in vivo model. As an in vitro model, primary murine cardiomyocytes pretreated with sRAGE or sRAGE-containing adenovirus were simulated I/R by "ischemia buffer". The TUNEL and caspase-3 activity were assessed. Also the activity and expression of proteasome were detected. sRAGE decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cardiomyocytes and caspase-3 activity, however, the inhibition of sRAGE on I/R-induced apoptosis was abolished by proteasome inhibitor Bortezimb (BTZ). sRAGE inhibited the decreased proteasome activity, also the reduction in protein and gene levels of β1i and β5i following I/R. Suppression of STAT3 blocked the inhibition of sRAGE on apoptosis induced by I/R. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) results confirmed that sRAGE promoted activating STAT3 binding to β1i and β5i promoter. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the inhibition of sRAGE on I/R-induced apoptosis is associated with activation and expression of proteasome, including improved proteasome activity and elevated β1i and β5i expression mediated by STAT3 activation. We predict that sRAGE is a novel intervention to target UPS activation for preventing and treating myocardial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Xia Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Zeng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong-Xia Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Feng-He Du
- Department of Cardiology, Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bu-Xing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
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Berthiaume J, Kirk J, Ranek M, Lyon R, Sheikh F, Jensen B, Hoit B, Butany J, Tolend M, Rao V, Willis M. Pathophysiology of Heart Failure and an Overview of Therapies. Cardiovasc Pathol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-420219-1.00008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Abstract
Cardiac remodeling includes alterations in molecular, cellular, and interstitial systems contributing to changes in size, shape, and function of the heart. This may be the result of injury, alterations in hemodynamic load, neurohormonal effects, electrical abnormalities, metabolic changes, etc. Thyroid hormones (THs) serve as master regulators for diverse remodeling processes of the cardiovascular system-from the prenatal period to death. THs promote a beneficial cardiomyocyte shape and improve contractility, relaxation, and survival via reversal of molecular remodeling. THs reduce fibrosis by decreasing interstitial collagen and reduce the incidence and duration of arrhythmias via remodeling ion channel expression and function. THs restore metabolic function and also improve blood flow both by direct effects on the vessel architecture and decreasing atherosclerosis. Optimal levels of THs both in the circulation and in cardiac tissues are critical for normal homeostasis. This review highlights TH-based remodeling and clinically translatable strategies for diverse cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Rajagopalan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Northern Blvd, PO Box 8000, Old Westbury, NY, 11568-8000, USA,
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Yu JM, Zhang XB, Jiang W, Wang HD, Zhang YN. Astragalosides promote angiogenesis via vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6718-26. [PMID: 26352430 PMCID: PMC4626201 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of astragalosides (ASTs) on angiogenesis, as well as the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) following myocardial infarction (MI). MI was induced in rats by ligation of the left coronary artery. Twenty-four hours after surgery, the rats were divided into low-dose, high-dose, control and sham surgery groups (n=8 per group). The low- and high-dose groups were treated with ASTs (2.5 and 10 mg/kg/day, respectively, via intraperitoneal injection), while, the control and sham surgery group rats received saline. Serum levels, and mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF and bFGF, as well as the microvessel density (MVD) were determined four weeks post-treatment. Twenty-four hours post-surgery, VEGF and bFGF serum levels were observed to be comparable between the groups; while at four weeks, the VEGF and bFGF levels were higher in the AST-treated rats (P<0.01). Similarly, VEGF and bFGF mRNA and protein expression levels were higher following AST treatment (P<0.05). No difference in VEGF mRNA expression between the low- and high-dose groups was noted, however, an increase in the bFGF expression levels was detected in the high-dose group. Newly generated blood vessels were observed following MI, with a significant increase in MVD observed in the AST-treated groups (P<0.05). AST promotes angiogenesis of the heart and increases VEGF and bFGF expression levels. Thus, it is hypothesized that increased VEGF and bFGF levels may contribute to the AST-induced increase in angiogenesis in rat models of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Min Yu
- Department of Gerontology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Gerontology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Dong Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Na Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Ranek MJ, Zheng H, Huang W, Kumarapeli AR, Li J, Liu J, Wang X. Genetically induced moderate inhibition of 20S proteasomes in cardiomyocytes facilitates heart failure in mice during systolic overload. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 85:273-81. [PMID: 26116868 PMCID: PMC4530032 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo function status of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in pressure overloaded hearts remains undefined. Cardiotoxicity was observed during proteasome inhibitor chemotherapy, especially in those with preexisting cardiovascular conditions; however, proteasome inhibition (PsmI) was also suggested by some experimental studies as a potential therapeutic strategy to curtail cardiac hypertrophy. Here we used genetic approaches to probe cardiac UPS performance and determine the impact of cardiomyocyte-restricted PsmI (CR-PsmI) on cardiac responses to systolic overload. Transgenic mice expressing an inverse reporter of the UPS (GFPdgn) were subject to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to probe myocardial UPS performance during systolic overload. Mice with or without moderate CR-PsmI were subject to TAC and temporally characterized for cardiac responses to moderate and severe systolic overload. After moderate TAC (pressure gradient: ~40mmHg), cardiac UPS function was upregulated during the first two weeks but turned to functional insufficiency between 6 and 12weeks as evidenced by the dynamic changes in GFPdgn protein levels, proteasome peptidase activities, and total ubiquitin conjugates. Severe TAC (pressure gradients >60mmHg) led to UPS functional insufficiency within a week. Moderate TAC elicited comparable hypertrophic responses between mice with and without genetic CR-PsmI but caused cardiac malfunction in CR-PsmI mice significantly earlier than those without CR-PsmI. In mice subject to severe TAC, CR-PsmI inhibited cardiac hypertrophy but led to rapidly progressed heart failure and premature death, associated with a pronounced increase in cardiomyocyte death. It is concluded that cardiac UPS function is dynamically altered, with the initial brief upregulation of proteasome function being adaptive; and CR-PsmI facilitates cardiac malfunction during systolic overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Ranek
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Hanqiao Zheng
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Wei Huang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Asangi R Kumarapeli
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Jie Li
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Jinbao Liu
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA; State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 510182, China.
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
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Zhang HM, Fu J, Hamilton R, Diaz V, Zhang Y. The mammalian target of rapamycin modulates the immunoproteasome system in the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 86:158-67. [PMID: 26239133 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays an important role in cardiac development and function. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin has been shown to attenuate pathological cardiac hypertrophy and improve the function of aging heart, accompanied by an inhibition of the cardiac proteasome activity. The current study aimed to determine the potential mechanism(s) by which mTOR inhibition modulates cardiac proteasome. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin was found to reduce primarily the immunoproteasome in both H9c2 cells in vitro and mouse heart in vivo, without significant effect on the constitutive proteasome and protein ubiquitination. Concurrent with the reduction of the immunoproteasome, rapamycin reduced two important inflammatory response pathways, the NF-κB and Stat3 signaling. In addition, rapamycin attenuated the induction of the immunoproteasome in H9c2 cells by inflammatory cytokines, including INFγ and TNFα, by suppressing NF-κB signaling. These data indicate that rapamycin indirectly modulated immunoproteasome through the suppression of inflammatory response pathways. Lastly, the role of the immunoproteasome during the development of cardiac hypertrophy was investigated. Administration of a specific inhibitor of the immunoproteasome ONX 0914 attenuated isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting that the immunoproteasome may be involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and therefore could be a therapeutic target. In conclusion, rapamycin inhibits the immunoproteasome through its effect on the inflammatory signaling pathways and the immunoproteasome could be a potential therapeutic target for pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Mei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jianliang Fu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ryan Hamilton
- Barshop Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Vivian Diaz
- Barshop Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
| | - Yiqiang Zhang
- Barshop Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78249, United States; Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78249, United States
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29
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Carbonell T, Gomes AV. Dynamic regulation of the proteasome by systolic overload. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015. [PMID: 26219953 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Carbonell
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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Kötter S, Andresen C, Krüger M. Titin: central player of hypertrophic signaling and sarcomeric protein quality control. Biol Chem 2015; 395:1341-52. [PMID: 25205716 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2014-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The giant sarcomeric protein titin has multiple important functions in striated muscle cells. Due to its gigantic size, its central position in the sarcomere and its elastic I-band domains, titin is a scaffold protein that is important for sarcomere assembly, and serves as a molecular spring that defines myofilament distensibility. This review focuses on the emerging role of titin in mechanosensing and hypertrophic signaling, and further highlights recent evidence that links titin to sarcomeric protein turnover.
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Activation of the cardiac proteasome promotes angiotension II-induced hypertrophy by down-regulation of ATRAP. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 79:303-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Schlossarek S, Singh SR, Geertz B, Schulz H, Reischmann S, Hübner N, Carrier L. Proteasome inhibition slightly improves cardiac function in mice with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Front Physiol 2014; 5:484. [PMID: 25566086 PMCID: PMC4267180 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing line of evidence indicates a dysfunctional ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in cardiac diseases. Anti-hypertrophic effects and improved cardiac function have been reported after treatment with proteasome inhibitors in experimental models of cardiac hypertrophy. Here we tested whether proteasome inhibition could also reverse the disease phenotype in a genetically-modified mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which carries a mutation in Mybpc3, encoding the myofilament protein cardiac myosin-binding protein C. At 7 weeks of age, homozygous mutant mice (KI) have 39% higher left ventricular mass-to-body-weight ratio and 29% lower fractional area shortening (FAS) than wild-type (WT) mice. Both groups were treated with epoxomicin (0.5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 1 week via osmotic minipumps. Epoxomicin inhibited the chymotrypsin-like activity by ~50% in both groups. All parameters of cardiac hypertrophy (including the fetal gene program) were not affected by epoxomicin treatment in both groups. In contrast, FAS was 12% and 35% higher in epoxomicin-treated than vehicle-treated WT and KI mice, respectively. To identify which genes or pathways could be involved in this positive effect, we performed a transcriptome analysis in KI and WT neonatal cardiac myocytes, treated or not with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 (1 μM, 24 h). This revealed 103 genes (four-fold difference; 5% FDR) which are commonly regulated in both KI and WT cardiac myocytes. Thus, even in genetically-modified mice with manifest HCM, proteasome inhibition showed beneficial effects, at least with regard to cardiac function. Targeting the UPS in cardiac diseases remains therefore a therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Schlossarek
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sonia R Singh
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Birgit Geertz
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Herbert Schulz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Reischmann
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Hamburg, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
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Meiners S, Keller IE, Semren N, Caniard A. Regulation of the proteasome: evaluating the lung proteasome as a new therapeutic target. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2364-82. [PMID: 24437504 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Lung diseases are on the second rank worldwide with respect to morbidity and mortality. For most respiratory diseases, no effective therapies exist. Whereas the proteasome has been successfully evaluated as a novel target for therapeutic interventions in cancer, neurodegenerative, and cardiac disorders, there is a profound lack of knowledge on the regulation of proteasome activity in chronic and acute lung diseases. RECENT ADVANCES There are various means of how the amount of active proteasome complexes in the cell can be regulated such as transcriptional regulation of proteasomal subunit expression, association with different regulators, assembly and half-life of proteasomes and regulatory complexes, as well as post-translational modifications. It also becomes increasingly evident that proteasome activity is fine-tuned and depends on the state of the cell. We propose here that 20S proteasomes and their regulators can be regarded as dynamic building blocks, which assemble or disassemble in response to cellular needs. The composition of proteasome complexes in a cell may vary depending on tissue, cell type and compartment, stage of development, or pathological context. CRITICAL ISSUES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Dissecting the expression and regulation of the various catalytic forms of 20S proteasomes, such as constitutive, immuno-, and mixed proteasomes, together with their associated regulatory complexes will not only greatly enhance our understanding of proteasome function in lung pathogenesis but will also pave the way to develop new classes of drugs that inhibit or activate proteasome function in a defined setting for treatment of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Meiners
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), University Hospital , Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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Drews O, Taegtmeyer H. Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system in heart disease: the basis for new therapeutic strategies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2322-43. [PMID: 25133688 PMCID: PMC4241867 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2013.5823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Novel therapeutic strategies to treat heart failure are greatly needed. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) affects the structure and function of cardiac cells through targeted degradation of signaling and structural proteins. This review discusses both beneficial and detrimental consequences of modulating the UPS in the heart. RECENT ADVANCES Proteasome inhibitors were first used to test the role of the UPS in cardiac disease phenotypes, indicating therapeutic potential. In early cardiac remodeling and pathological hypertrophy with increased proteasome activities, proteasome inhibition prevented or restricted disease progression and contractile dysfunction. Conversely, enhancing proteasome activities by genetic manipulation, pharmacological intervention, or ischemic preconditioning also improved the outcome of cardiomyopathies and infarcted hearts with impaired cardiac and UPS function, which is, at least in part, caused by oxidative damage. CRITICAL ISSUES An understanding of the UPS status and the underlying mechanisms for its potential deregulation in cardiac disease is critical for targeted interventions. Several studies indicate that type and stage of cardiac disease influence the dynamics of UPS regulation in a nonlinear and multifactorial manner. Proteasome inhibitors targeting all proteasome complexes are associated with cardiotoxicity in humans. Furthermore, the type and dosage of proteasome inhibitor impact the pathogenesis in nonuniform ways. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Systematic analysis and targeting of individual UPS components with established and innovative tools will unravel and discriminate regulatory mechanisms that contribute to and protect against the progression of cardiac disease. Integrating this knowledge in drug design may reduce adverse effects on the heart as observed in patients treated with proteasome inhibitors against noncardiac diseases, especially cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Drews
- 1 Division of Cardiovascular Physiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology , Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Yan H, Ma YL, Gui YZ, Wang SM, Wang XB, Gao F, Wang YP. MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, enhances LDL uptake in HepG2 cells in vitro by regulating LDLR and PCSK9 expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:994-1004. [PMID: 25042549 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Expression of liver low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), a determinant regulator in cholesterol homeostasis, is tightly controlled at multiple levels. The aim of this study was to examine whether proteasome inhibition could affect LDLR expression and LDL uptake in liver cells in vitro. METHODS HepG2 cells were examined. Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. DiI-LDL uptake assay was used to quantify the LDLR function. Luciferase assay system was used to detect the activity of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9, a major protein mediating LDLR degradation) promoter. Specific siRNAs were used to verify the involvement of PCSK9. RESULTS Treatment of HepG2 cells with the specific proteasome inhibitor MG132 (0.03-3 μmol/L) dose-dependently increased LDLR mRNA and protein levels, as well as LDL uptake. Short-term treatment with MG132 (0.3 μmol/L, up to 8 h) significantly increased both LDLR mRNA and protein levels in HepG2 cells, which was blocked by the specific PKC inhibitors GF 109203X, Gö 6983 or staurosporine. In contrast, a longer treatment with MG132 (0.3 μmol/L, 24 h) did not change LDLR mRNA, but markedly increased LDLR protein by reducing PCSK9-mediated lysosome LDLR degradation. Furthermore, MG132 time-dependently suppressed PCSK9 expression in the HepG2 cells through a SREBP-1c related pathway. Combined treatment with MG132 (0.3 μmol/L) and pravastatin (5 μmol/L) strongly promoted LDLR expression and LDL uptake in HepG2 cells, and blocked the upregulation of PCSK9 caused by pravastatin alone. CONCLUSION Inhibition of proteasome by MG132 in HepG2 cells plays dual roles in LDLR and PCSK9 expression, and exerts a beneficial effect on cholesterol homeostasis.
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Attenuated mitochondrial NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity induces apoptosis and hypertrophy of H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Biochimie 2014; 99:110-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Schlossarek S, Frey N, Carrier L. Ubiquitin-proteasome system and hereditary cardiomyopathies. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 71:25-31. [PMID: 24380728 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adequate protein turnover is essential for cardiac homeostasis. Different protein quality controls are involved in the maintenance of protein homeostasis, including molecular chaperones and co-chaperones, the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). In the last decade, a series of evidence has underlined a major function of the UPS in cardiac physiology and disease. Particularly, recent studies have shown that dysfunctional proteasomal function leads to cardiac disorders. Hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies are the two most prevalent inherited cardiomyopathies. Both are primarily transmitted as an autosomal-dominant trait and mainly caused by mutations in genes encoding components of the cardiac sarcomere, including a relevant striated muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase. A growing body of evidence indicates impairment of the UPS in inherited cardiomyopathies as determined by measurement of the level of ubiquitinated proteins, the activities of the proteasome and/or the use of fluorescent UPS reporter substrates. The present review will propose mechanisms of UPS impairment in inherited cardiomyopathies, summarize the potential consequences of UPS impairment, including activation of the unfolded protein response, and underline some therapeutic options available to restore proteasome function and therefore cardiac homeostasis and function. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Protein Quality Control, the Ubiquitin Proteasome System, and Autophagy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Schlossarek
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany; Inserm, U974, Paris F-75013, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie- Paris 6, UM 76, CNRS, UMR 7215, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Paris F-75013, France.
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ZHANG XUE, WANG ZONGSHUAI, LUAN YUN, LIN MEI, ZHU XIAOBO, MA YU, ZHANG ZHAOHUA, WANG YIBIAO. The effect of PS-341 on pulmonary vascular remodeling in high blood flow-induced pulmonary hypertension. Int J Mol Med 2013; 33:105-10. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Wang X, Robbins J. Proteasomal and lysosomal protein degradation and heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 71:16-24. [PMID: 24239609 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the cell, the proteasome and lysosomes represent the most important proteolytic machineries, responsible for the protein degradation in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy, respectively. Both the UPS and autophagy are essential to protein quality and quantity control. Alterations in cardiac proteasomal and lysosomal degradation are remarkably associated with most heart disease in humans and are implicated in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure. Studies carried out in animal models and in cell culture have begun to establish both sufficiency and, in some cases, the necessity of proteasomal functional insufficiency or lysosomal insufficiency as a major pathogenic factor in the heart. This review article highlights some recent advances in the research into proteasome and lysosome protein degradation in relation to cardiac pathology and examines the emerging evidence for enhancing degradative capacities of the proteasome and/or lysosome as a new therapeutic strategy for heart disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Protein Quality Control, the Ubiquitin Proteasome System, and Autophagy".
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Robbins
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, The Heart Institute, Department of Pediatrics, The Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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40
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Li S, Wang X, Li Y, Kost CK, Martin DS. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, attenuates angiotensin II-induced hypertension and aortic remodeling in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78564. [PMID: 24205262 PMCID: PMC3813683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension is a highly prevalent disorder and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Hypertensive vascular remodeling is the pathological mal-adaption of blood vessels to the hypertensive condition that contributes to further development of high blood pressure and end-organ damage. Hypertensive remodeling involves, at least in part, changes in protein turnover. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a major protein quality and quantity control system. This study tested the hypothesis that the proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, would attenuate AngII-induced hypertension and its sequelae such as aortic remodeling in rats. Methodology/Principal Findings Male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to AngII infusion for two weeks in the absence or presence of bortezomib. Mean arterial pressure was measured in conscious rats. Aortic tissue was collected for estimation of wall area, collagen deposition and expression of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteases (TIMP), Ki67 (a marker of proliferation), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and VCAM-1 (a marker of inflammation). AngII infusion increased arterial pressure significantly (160±4 mmHg vs. vehicle treatment 133±2 mmHg). This hypertensive response was attenuated by bortezomib (138±5 mmHg). AngII hypertension was associated with significant increases in aortic wall to lumen ratio (∼29%), collagen deposition (∼14%) and expression of TIMP1 and TIMP2. AngII also increased MMP2 activity, proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity, Ki67 staining, ROS generation and VCAM-1 immunoreactivity. Co-treatment of AngII-infused rats with bortezomib attenuated these AngII-induced responses. Conclusions Collectively, these data support the idea that proteasome activity contributes to AngII-induced hypertension and hypertensive aortic vascular remodeling at least in part by modulating TIMP1/2 and MMP2 function. Preliminary observations are consistent with a role for ROS, inflammatory and proliferative mechanisms in this effect. Further understanding of the mechanisms by which the proteasome is involved in hypertension and vascular structural remodeling may reveal novel targets for pharmacological treatment of hypertension, hypertensive remodeling or both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Yifan Li
- Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Curtis K. Kost
- Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Douglas S. Martin
- Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tonon J, Guarnier FA, Brunnquell CR, Bernardes SS, Cecchini AL, Cecchini R. Oxidative status and chymotrypsin-like activity in right and left ventricle hypertrophy in an experimental model of emphysema. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2013; 20:249-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Rajagopalan V, Zhao M, Reddy S, Fajardo G, Wang X, Dewey S, Gomes AV, Bernstein D. Altered ubiquitin-proteasome signaling in right ventricular hypertrophy and failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 305:H551-62. [PMID: 23729213 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00771.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) have been described in left ventricular hypertrophy and failure, although results have been inconsistent. The role of the UPS in right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy (RVH) and RV failure (RVF) is unknown. Given the greater percent increase in RV mass associated with RV afterload stress, as present in many congenital heart lesions, we hypothesized that alterations in the UPS could play an important role in RVH/RVF. UPS expression and activity were measured in the RV from mice with RVH/RVF secondary to pulmonary artery constriction (PAC). Epoxomicin and MG132 were used to inhibit the proteasome, and overexpression of the 11S PA28α subunit was used to activate the proteasome. PAC mice developed RVH (109.3% increase in RV weight to body weight), RV dilation with septal shift, RV dysfunction, and clinical RVF. Proteasomal function (26S β₅ chymotrypsin-like activity) was decreased 26% (P < 0.05). Protein expression of 19S subunit Rpt5 (P < 0.05), UCHL1 deubiquitinase (P < 0.0001), and Smurf1 E3 ubiquitin ligase (P < 0.01) were increased, as were polyubiquitinated proteins (P < 0.05) and free-ubiquitins (P = 0.05). Pro-apoptotic Bax was increased (P < 0.0001), whereas anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 decreased (P < 0.05), resulting in a sixfold increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Proteasomal inhibition did not accelerate RVF. However, proteasome enhancement by cardiac-specific proteasome overexpression partially improved survival. Proteasome activity is decreased in RVH/RVF, associated with upregulation of key UPS regulators and pro-apoptotic signaling. Enhancement of proteasome function partially attenuates RVF, suggesting that UPS dysfunction contributes to RVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Rajagopalan
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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Abstract
Proper protein turnover is required for cardiac homeostasis and, accordingly, impaired proteasomal function appears to contribute to heart disease. Specific proteasomal degradation mechanisms underlying cardiovascular biology and disease have been identified, and such cellular pathways have been proposed to be targets of clinical relevance. This review summarizes the latest literature regarding the specific E3 ligases involved in heart biology, and the general ways that the proteasome regulates protein quality control in heart disease. The potential for therapeutic intervention in Ubiquitin Proteasome System function in heart disease is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pagan
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Abstract
It is believed that cardiac remodeling due to geometric and structural changes is a major mechanism for the progression of heart failure in different pathologies including hypertension, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and myocardial infarction. Increases in the activities of proteolytic enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases, calpains, cathepsins, and caspases contribute to the process of cardiac remodeling. In addition to modifying the extracellular matrix, both matrix metalloproteinases and cathepsins have been shown to affect the activities of subcellular organelles in cardiomyocytes. The activation of calpains and caspases has been identified to induce subcellular remodeling in failing hearts. Proteolytic activities associated with different proteins including caspases, calpain, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system have been shown to be involved in cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which is an integral part of cardiac remodeling. This article discusses and compares how the activities of various proteases are involved in different cardiac abnormalities with respect to alterations in apoptotic pathways, cardiac remodeling, and cardiac dysfunction. An imbalance appears to occur between the activities of some proteases and their endogenous inhibitors in various types of hypertrophied and failing hearts, and this is likely to further accentuate subcellular remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. The importance of inhibiting the activities of both extracellular and intracellular proteases specific to distinct etiologies, in attenuating cardiac remodeling and apoptosis as well as biochemical changes of subcellular organelles, in heart failure has been emphasized. It is suggested that combination therapy to inhibit different proteases may prove useful for the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L Müller
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Day SM, Divald A, Wang P, Davis F, Bartolone S, Jones R, Powell SR. Impaired assembly and post-translational regulation of 26S proteasome in human end-stage heart failure. Circ Heart Fail 2013; 6:544-9. [PMID: 23515276 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.112.000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the hypothesis that 26S proteasome dysfunction in human end-stage heart failure is associated with decreased docking of the 19S regulatory particle to the 20S proteasome. Previous studies have demonstrated that 26S proteasome activity is diminished in human end-stage heart failure associated with oxidation of the 19S regulatory particle Rpt5 subunit. Docking of the 19S regulatory particle to the 20S proteasome requires functional Rpt subunit ATPase activity and phosphorylation of the α-type subunits. METHODS AND RESULTS An enriched proteasome fraction was prepared from 7 human nonfailing and 10 failing heart explants. Native gel electrophoresis assessed docking of 19S to 20S proteasome revealing 3 proteasome populations (20S, 26S, and 30S proteasomes). In failing hearts, 30S proteasomes were significantly lower (P=0.048) by 37% suggesting diminished docking. Mass spectrometry-based phosphopeptide analysis demonstrated that the relative ratio of phosphorylated:non phosphorylated α7 subunit (serine250) of the 20S proteasome was significantly less (P=0.011) by almost 80% in failing hearts. Rpt ATPase activity was determined in the enriched fraction and after immunoprecipitation with an Rpt6 antibody. ATPase activity (ρmol PO4/μg protein per hour) of the total fraction was lowered from 291±97 to 194±27 and in the immunoprecipitated fraction from 42±12 to 3±2 (P=0.005) in failing hearts. CONCLUSIONS These studies suggest that diminished 26S activity in failing human hearts may be related to impaired docking of the 19S to the 20S as a result of decreased Rpt subunit ATPase activity and α7 subunit phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene M Day
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Abstract
Maintenance of protein quality control is a critical function of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). Evidence is rapidly mounting to link proteasome dysfunction with a multitude of cardiac diseases, including ischemia, reperfusion, atherosclerosis, hypertrophy, heart failure, and cardiomyopathies. Recent studies have demonstrated a remarkable level of complexity in the regulation of the UPS in the heart and suggest that our understanding of how UPS dysfunction might contribute to the pathophysiology of such a wide range of cardiac afflictions is still very limited. Whereas experimental systems, including animal models, are invaluable for exploring mechanisms and establishing pathogenicity of UPS dysfunction in cardiac disease, studies using human heart tissue provide a vital adjunct for establishing clinical relevance of experimental findings and promoting new hypotheses. Accordingly, this review will focus on UPS dysfunction in human dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies and highlight areas rich for further study in this expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene M Day
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Lyon RC, Lange S, Sheikh F. Breaking down protein degradation mechanisms in cardiac muscle. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:239-49. [PMID: 23453282 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Regulated protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome and lysosomal/autophagy systems is critical for homeostatic protein turnover in cardiac muscle and for proper cardiac function. The discovery of muscle-specific components in these systems has illuminated how aberrations in their levels are pivotal to the development of cardiac stress and disease. New evidence suggests that equal importance in disease development should be given to ubiquitously expressed degradation components. These are compartmentalized within cardiac muscles and, when mislocalized, can be critical in the development of specific cardiac diseases. Here, we discuss how alterations in the compartmentalization of degradation components affect disease states, the tools available to investigate these mechanisms, as well as recent discoveries that highlight the therapeutic value of targeting these pathways in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Lyon
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology Division), University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Ma Y, Chen Y, Yang Y, Chen B, Liu D, Xiong Z, Zhang C, Dong Y. Proteasome inhibition attenuates heart failure during the late stages of pressure overload through alterations in collagen expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 85:223-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Interferon-γ causes cardiac myocyte atrophy via selective degradation of myosin heavy chain in a model of chronic myocarditis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 181:2038-46. [PMID: 23058369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 08/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a proinflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of forms of heart disease including myocarditis and congestive heart failure. In fact, overexpression of IFN-γ in mice causes dilated cardiomyopathy. However, the direct effects of IFN-γ on cardiac myocytes and the mechanism by which it causes cardiac dysfunction have not been described. Here, we present the molecular pathology of IFN-γ exposure and its effect on myofibrillar proteins in isolated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Treatment with IFN-γ caused cardiac myocyte atrophy attributable to a specific decrease in myosin heavy chain protein. This selective degradation of myosin heavy chain was not accompanied by a decrease in total protein synthesis or by an increase in total protein degradation. IFN-γ increased both proteasome and immunoproteasome activity in cardiac myocytes and their inhibition blocked myosin heavy chain loss and myocyte atrophy, whereas inhibition of the lysosome or autophagosome did not. Collectively, these results provide a mechanism by which IFN-γ causes cardiac pathology in the setting of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Velten M, Duerr GD, Pessies T, Schild J, Lohner R, Mersmann J, Dewald O, Zacharowski K, Klaschik S, Hilbert T, Hoeft A, Baumgarten G, Meyer R, Boehm O, Knuefermann P. Priming with synthetic oligonucleotides attenuates pressure overload-induced inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 96:422-32. [PMID: 22977006 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inflammation and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling have been linked to the development of cardiac hypertrophy following transverse aortic constriction (TAC). In the present study, we investigated whether pre-treatment with the synthetic TLR9 ligands 1668-thioate or 1612-thioate modulates the progression of TAC-induced cardiac inflammation and hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6N-mice were pre-treated with 1668-thioate, 1612-thioate (0.25 nmol/g, i.p.), or phosphate-buffered saline 16 h prior to TAC or sham surgery. Heart-weight/body-weight ratio (HW/BW), cardiomyocyte cell size, cellular macrophage accumulation, myofibroblast differentiation, and collagen deposition were investigated for up to 28 days. Cardiac function was monitored using a pressure-volume catheter and M-mode echocardiography. Inflammatory gene expression in the heart was analysed via gene array, while the time course of mRNA expression of key inflammatory mediators was assessed via RT-qPCR. TAC increased the HW/BW ratio and cardiomyocyte cell size and induced macrophage accumulation, myofibroblast differentiation, and collagen deposition. These changes were accompanied by cardiac inflammation and a significant loss of left ventricular function. Pre-treatment with cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG)-containing 1668-thioate attenuated the inflammatory response, the progression of cardiac hypertrophy, and cardiac remodelling, which resulted in a prolonged preservation of left ventricular function. These changes were induced to a smaller extent by the use of the non-CG-containing oligodeoxynucleotide 1612-thioate. CONCLUSION Pre-treatment with 1668-thioate attenuated cardiac hypertrophy following pressure overload, possibly by modifying the hypertrophy-induced inflammatory response, thereby reducing cardiac growth and fibrosis as well as delaying loss of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Velten
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, Bonn D-53105, Germany
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