1
|
Zhu Q, Cheang I, Guo Q, Lu X, Li Y, Yao W, Zhang H, Li X. Serum IGFBP5 as a predictor of major adverse cardiac events in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2024; 411:132268. [PMID: 38880418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious condition with high mortality rates. Early risk stratification is of significant importance to assess the prognosis. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) levels in AMI patients and its potential as a prognosis biomarker were unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate serum IGFBP5 levels in AMI and its prognostic value for short-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). METHODS We collected serum IGFBP5 levels from 200 patients with new-onset AMI and 71 coronary heart disease (CAD) patients without AMI. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between IGFBP5 and baseline variables. AMI patients were followed up, and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curve, multivariate Cox models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 217 days, 40 patients developed MACE. Serum IGFBP5 was associated with serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (P = 0.013 and P = 0.013). In multivariable survival analyses, higher IGFBP5 was associated with an increased risk of MACE [HR = 1.183, 95%CI (1.104, 1.268), P < 0.001)]. There was a positive and linear association between IGFBP5 levels and the occurrence of MACE (P for nonlinearity = 0.283). The positive association between IGFBP5 and MACE risk consist across subgroups characterized by demographics and comorbidities. CONCLUSION Serum IGFBP5 was highly expressed in patients with AMI and positively associated with the short-term risk of MACE. Circulating IGFBP5 may be a diagnostic and prognostic indicator for AMI, and further studies with larger sample and longer follow-up are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhu
- Division of Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Iokfai Cheang
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qixin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xinyi Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wenming Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Xinli Li
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Song F, Hu Y, Hong Y, Sun H, Han Y, Mao Y, Wu W, Li G, Wang Y. Deletion of endothelial IGFBP5 protects against ischaemic hindlimb injury by promoting angiogenesis. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1725. [PMID: 38886900 PMCID: PMC11182737 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis is critical for forming new blood vessels from antedating vascular vessels. The endothelium is essential for angiogenesis, vascular remodelling and minimisation of functional deficits following ischaemia. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family is crucial for angiogenesis. Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), a binding protein of the IGF family, may have places in angiogenesis, but the mechanisms are not yet completely understood. We sought to probe whether IGFBP5 is involved in pathological angiogenesis and uncover the molecular mechanisms behind it. METHODS AND RESULTS IGFBP5 expression was elevated in the vascular endothelium of gastrocnemius muscle from critical limb ischaemia patients and hindlimb ischaemic (HLI) mice and hypoxic human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In vivo, loss of endothelial IGFBP5 (IGFBP5EKO) facilitated the recovery of blood vessel function and limb necrosis in HLI mice. Moreover, skin damage healing and aortic ring sprouting were faster in IGFBP5EKO mice than in control mice. In vitro, the genetic inhibition of IGFBP5 in HUVECs significantly promoted tube formation, cell proliferation and migration by mediating the phosphorylation of IGF1R, Erk1/2 and Akt. Intriguingly, pharmacological treatment of HUVECs with recombinant human IGFBP5 ensued a contrasting effect on angiogenesis by inhibiting the IGF1 or IGF2 function. Genetic inhibition of IGFBP5 promoted cellular oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification rates via IGF1R-mediated glycolytic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) metabolism. Mechanistically, IGFBP5 exerted its role via E3 ubiquitin ligase Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-regulated HIF1α stability. Furthermore, the knockdown of the endothelial IGF1R partially abolished the reformative effect of IGFBP5EKO mice post-HLI. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that IGFBP5 ablation enhances angiogenesis by promoting ATP metabolism and stabilising HIF1α, implying IGFBP5 is a novel therapeutic target for treating abnormal angiogenesis-related conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Song
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yu Hu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yi‐Xiang Hong
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Hu Sun
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yue Han
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yi‐Jie Mao
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Wei‐Yin Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamenChina
| | - Gang Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamenChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseasesXiamenChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xiong Z, Wang Q, Pei S, Zheng H, Wang W. CircRNA_0088196 Regulates Trophoblast Proliferation and Apoptosis in Preeclampsia Through the miR-379-5p/HSPA5 Axis. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:1742-1761. [PMID: 37698761 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Existing research has confirmed the dysregulation of circular RNA (circRNA) in a wide variety of human diseases. Thus, in this study, we explored the potential mechanism of circRNA_0088196 in preeclampsia (PE). We performed quantitative real-time PCR to examine circRNA_0088196 expression and verified the function of circRNA_0088196 in vitro using CCK-8, TUNEL, flow cytometry, and Western blotting analyses. Additionally, we studied the mechanism using dual-luciferase reporter gene experiments. The results of our research revealed the up-regulation of circRNA_0088196 in PE patients' placentas and Heat Shock 70 kDa Protein 5 (HSPA5)-stimulated trophoblast (HTR-8/SVneo) cells. An investigation of the mechanism also showed that there was a binding between miR-379-5p and circRNA_0088196. Additionally, circRNA_0088196 inhibited HTR-8/SVneo cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis via the miR-337-3p/HSPA5 axis, thereby facilitating PE. In vivo experiments indicated that circRNA_0088196 regulated HTR-8/SVneo cell production through miR-379-5p. Overall, the findings of this study illustrate that circRNA_0088196 interference promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits HTR-8/SVneo proliferation via the miR-379-5p/HSPA5 axis, thereby accelerating the development of PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Provincial, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Provincial, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Shuping Pei
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Provincial, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Huiling Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310005, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Provincial, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang M, Wang M, Li N. Advances in pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:1815-1823. [PMID: 38421424 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preeclampsia is a major cause of health problems for both pregnant women and unborn babies worldwide. However, the underlying causes of preeclampsia are not fully understood, leading to limited effective treatments. The goal of this study is to enhance our knowledge of its causes, devise prevention strategies, and develop treatments. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search. Six models regarding the pathogenesis of preeclampsia are discussed in this review. RESULTS This review focuses on the latest advancements in understanding preeclampsia's origins. Preeclampsia is a complex condition caused by various factors, processes, and pathways. Reduced blood flow and oxygen to the uterus and placenta, heightened inflammatory reactions, immune imbalances, altered genetic changes, imbalanced blood vessel growth factors, and disrupted gut bacteria may contribute to its development. CONCLUSION Preeclampsia is thought to result from the interplay of these factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yang
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, No. 91 TianChi Road, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Menghui Wang
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, No. 91 TianChi Road, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanfang Li
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, No. 91 TianChi Road, Urumqi, 830001, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang S, Zou Q, Liang Y, Zhang D, Peng L, Li W, Li W, Liu M, Tong Y, Chen L, Xu P, Yang Z, Zhou K, Xiao J, Wang H, Yu W. miR-1246 promotes osteosarcoma cell migration via NamiRNA-enhancer network dependent on Argonaute 2. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e543. [PMID: 38585233 PMCID: PMC10999177 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
High metastatic propensity of osteosarcoma leads to its therapeutic failure and poor prognosis. Although nuclear activation miRNAs (NamiRNAs) are reported to activate gene transcription via targeting enhancer and further promote tumor metastasis, it remains uncertain whether NamiRNAs regulate osteosarcoma metastasis and their exact mechanism. Here, we found that extracellular vesicles of the malignant osteosarcoma cells (143B) remarkably increased the migratory abilities of MNNG cells representing the benign osteosarcoma cells by two folds, which attributed to their high miR-1246 levels. Specially, miR-1246 located in nucleus could activate the migration gene expression (such as MMP1) to accelerate MNNG cell migration through elevating the enhancer activities via increasing H3K27ac enrichment. Instead, MMP1 expression was dramatically inhibited after Argonaute 2 (AGO2) knockdown. Notably, in vitro assays demonstrated that AGO2 recognized the hybrids of miR-1246 and its enhancer DNA via PAZ domains to prevent their degradation from RNase H and these protective roles of AGO2 may favor the gene activation by miR-1246 in vivo. Collectively, our findings suggest that miR-1246 could facilitate osteosarcoma metastasis through interacting with enhancer to activate gene expression dependent on AGO2, highlighting the nuclear AGO2 as a guardian for NamiRNA-targeted gene activation and the potential of miR-1246 for osteosarcoma metastasis therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qingping Zou
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Liang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Centre for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lina Peng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wei Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenxuan Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mengxing Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Tong
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lu Chen
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Peng Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhicong Yang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kaicheng Zhou
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic OncologyChangzheng HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hailin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and EcotoxicologyResearch Centre for Eco‐Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wenqiang Yu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre and Department of General SurgeryHuashan HospitalCancer Metastasis Institute and Laboratory of RNA EpigeneticsInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhou S, Li J, Yang W, Xue P, Yin Y, Wang Y, Tian P, Peng H, Jiang H, Xu W, Huang S, Zhang R, Wei F, Sun HX, Zhang J, Zhao L. Noninvasive preeclampsia prediction using plasma cell-free RNA signatures. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 229:553.e1-553.e16. [PMID: 37211139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia, especially preterm preeclampsia and early-onset preeclampsia, is a life-threating pregnancy disorder, and the heterogeneity and complexity of preeclampsia make it difficult to predict risk and to develop treatments. Plasma cell-free RNA carries unique information from human tissue and may be useful for noninvasive monitoring of maternal, placental, and fetal dynamics during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate various RNA biotypes associated with preeclampsia in plasma and to develop classifiers to predict preterm preeclampsia and early-onset preeclampsia before diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN We performed a novel, cell-free RNA sequencing method termed polyadenylation ligation-mediated sequencing to investigate the cell-free RNA characteristics of 715 healthy pregnancies and 202 pregnancies affected by preeclampsia before symptom onset. We explored differences in the abundance of different RNA biotypes in plasma between healthy and preeclampsia samples and built preterm preeclampsia and early-onset preeclampsia prediction classifiers using machine learning methods. Furthermore, we validated the performance of the classifiers using the external and internal validation cohorts and assessed the area under the curve and positive predictive value. RESULTS We detected 77 genes, including messenger RNA (44%) and microRNA (26%), that were differentially expressed in healthy mothers and mothers with preterm preeclampsia before symptom onset, which could separate participants with preterm preeclampsia from healthy samples and that played critical functional roles in preeclampsia physiology. We developed 2 classifiers for predicting preterm preeclampsia and early-onset preeclampsia before diagnosis based on 13 cell-free RNA signatures and 2 clinical features (in vitro fertilization and mean arterial pressure), respectively. Notably, both classifiers showed enhanced performance when compared with the existing methods. The preterm preeclampsia prediction model achieved 81% area under the curve and 68% positive predictive value in an independent validation cohort (preterm, n=46; control, n=151); the early-onset preeclampsia prediction model had an area under the curve of 88% and a positive predictive value of 73% in an external validation cohort (early-onset preeclampsia, n=28; control, n=234). Furthermore, we demonstrated that downregulation of microRNAs may play vital roles in preeclampsia through the upregulation of preeclampsia-relevant target genes. CONCLUSION In this cohort study, a comprehensive transcriptomic landscape of different RNA biotypes in preeclampsia was presented and 2 advanced classifiers with substantial clinical importance for preterm preeclampsia and early-onset preeclampsia prediction before symptom onset were developed. We demonstrated that messenger RNA, microRNA, and long noncoding RNA can simultaneously serve as potential biomarkers of preeclampsia, holding the promise of prevention of preeclampsia in the future. Abnormal cell-free messenger RNA, microRNA, and long noncoding RNA molecular changes may help to elucidate the pathogenic determinants of preeclampsia and open new therapeutic windows to effectively reduce pregnancy complications and fetal morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Genomics in Maternal & Child Health, Shijiazhuang BGI Genomics Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; Shijiazhuang BGI Clinical Laboratory Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; BGI-Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Genomics in Maternal & Child Health, Shijiazhuang BGI Genomics Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; Shijiazhuang BGI Clinical Laboratory Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Penghao Xue
- Shijiazhuang BGI Clinical Laboratory Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanning Yin
- Shijiazhuang BGI Clinical Laboratory Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Shijiazhuang BGI Clinical Laboratory Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | | | | | | | - Wenqiu Xu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shang Huang
- Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Jinan University-affiliated Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- Genetics Laboratory, Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hai-Xi Sun
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; BGI-Beijing, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Genomics in Maternal & Child Health, Shijiazhuang BGI Genomics Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; Shijiazhuang BGI Clinical Laboratory Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Lijian Zhao
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Genomics in Maternal & Child Health, Shijiazhuang BGI Genomics Co, Ltd, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China; Medical Technology College of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zheng X, Lian Y, Zhou J, Zhou Q, Zhu Y, Tang C, Zhang P, Zhao X. Placental ischemia disrupts DNA methylation patterns in distal regulatory regions in rats. Life Sci 2023; 321:121623. [PMID: 37001402 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the impact of PE on the organization of the functional architecture of the placental methylome remains largely unknown. We performed whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of placental DNA and applied a Hidden Markov Model to investigate epigenome-wide alterations in functional structures, including partially methylated domains (PMDs), low-methylated regions (LMRs), and unmethylated regions (UMRs), in a reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of PE. The remarkable similarity we observed between the rat and human placental DNA methylomes suggests that the RUPP rat model is appropriate to elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms underlying human PE. The notable changes in PMDs indicate RUPP-induced perturbation of the stressed placental methylome. This was probably regulated via modulation of the epigenetic modifier expression, including significant downregulation of Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a and upregulation of Tet2. More importantly, changes in RUPP-induced DNA methylation occurred predominately in LMRs (80 %), which represent active enhancers, rather than in canonical UMRs (3 %), which represent promoters, suggesting that placental ischemia disrupts enhancer DNA methylation. Our findings emphasize the role of enhancer methylation in response to PE, corroborating discoveries in human PE studies. We suggest paying more attention to enhancer regions in future studies on PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguo Zheng
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yahan Lian
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chunhua Tang
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ping Zhang
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinzhi Zhao
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Basak S, Duttaroy AK. Maternal PUFAs, Placental Epigenetics, and Their Relevance to Fetal Growth and Brain Development. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:408-427. [PMID: 35676498 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially omega-3 (n-3) and n-6 long-chain (LC) PUFAs, are indispensable for the fetus' brain supplied by the placenta. Despite being highly unsaturated, n-3 LCPUFA-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays a protective role as an antioxidant in the brain. Deficiency of DHA during fetal development may cause irreversible damages in neurodevelopment programming. Dietary PUFAs can impact placental structure and functions by regulating early placentation processes, such as angiogenesis. They promote remodeling of uteroplacental architecture to facilitate increased blood flow and surface area for nutrient exchange. The placenta's fatty acid transfer depends on the uteroplacental vascular development, ensuring adequate maternal circulatory fatty acids transport to fulfill the fetus' rapid growth and development requirements. Maternal n-3 PUFA deficiency predominantly leads to placental epigenetic changes than other fetal developing organs. A global shift in DNA methylation possibly transmits epigenetic instability in developing fetuses due to n-3 PUFA deficiency. Thus, an optimal level of maternal omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs may protect the placenta's structural and functional integrity and allow fetal growth by controlling the aberrant placental epigenetic changes. This narrative review summarizes the recent advances and underpins the roles of maternal PUFAs on the structure and functions of the placenta and their relevance to fetal growth and brain development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Waters JA, Urbano I, Robinson M, House CD. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5: Diverse roles in cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1052457. [PMID: 36465383 PMCID: PMC9714447 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1052457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) and the associated signaling components in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway regulate cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and adhesion. Of the IGFBPs, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) is the most evolutionarily conserved with a dynamic range of IGF-dependent and -independent functions, and studies on the actions of IGFBP5 in cancer have been somewhat paradoxical. In cancer, the IGFBPs respond to external stimuli to modulate disease progression and therapeutic responsiveness in a context specific manner. This review discusses the different roles of IGF signaling and IGFBP5 in disease with an emphasis on discoveries within the last twenty years, which underscore a need to clarify the IGF-independent actions of IGFBP5, the impact of its subcellular localization, the differential activities of each of the subdomains, and the response to elements of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, recent advances addressing the role of IGFBP5 in resistance to cancer therapeutics will be discussed. A better understanding of the contexts in which IGFBP5 functions will facilitate the discovery of new mechanisms of cancer progression that may lead to novel therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Waters
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ixchel Urbano
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Mikella Robinson
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Carrie D. House
- Biology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States,Moore’s Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Carrie D. House,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rix LLR, Sumi NJ, Hu Q, Desai B, Bryant AT, Li X, Welsh EA, Fang B, Kinose F, Kuenzi BM, Chen YA, Antonia SJ, Lovly CM, Koomen JM, Haura EB, Marusyk A, Rix U. IGF-binding proteins secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts induce context-dependent drug sensitization of lung cancer cells. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabj5879. [PMID: 35973030 PMCID: PMC9528501 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abj5879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment are often linked to drug resistance. Here, we found that coculture with CAFs or culture in CAF-conditioned medium unexpectedly induced drug sensitivity in certain lung cancer cell lines. Gene expression and secretome analyses of CAFs and normal lung-associated fibroblasts (NAFs) revealed differential abundance of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), which promoted or inhibited, respectively, signaling by the receptor IGF1R and the kinase FAK. Similar drug sensitization was seen in gefitinib-resistant, EGFR-mutant PC9GR lung cancer cells treated with recombinant IGFBPs. Conversely, drug sensitivity was decreased by recombinant IGFs or conditioned medium from CAFs in which IGFBP5 or IGFBP6 was silenced. Phosphoproteomics and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) array analyses indicated that exposure of PC9GR cells to CAF-conditioned medium also inhibited compensatory IGF1R and FAK signaling induced by the EGFR inhibitor osimertinib. Combined small-molecule inhibition of IGF1R and FAK phenocopied the CAF-mediated effects in culture and increased the antitumor effect of osimertinib in mice. Cells that were osimertinib resistant and had MET amplification or showed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition also displayed residual sensitivity to IGFBPs. Thus, CAFs promote or reduce drug resistance in a context-dependent manner, and deciphering the relationship between the differential content of CAF secretomes and the signaling dependencies of the tumor may reveal effective combination treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lily L. Remsing Rix
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Natalia J. Sumi
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Qianqian Hu
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Bina Desai
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Annamarie T. Bryant
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Xueli Li
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Eric A. Welsh
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Fumi Kinose
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Brent M. Kuenzi
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.,Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Y. Ann Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Scott J. Antonia
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Christine M. Lovly
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John M. Koomen
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA,Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Eric B. Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Andriy Marusyk
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA,Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Uwe Rix
- Department of Drug Discovery, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA,Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Choudhury J, Pandey D, Chaturvedi PK, Gupta S. Epigenetic regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition: a trophoblast perspective. Mol Hum Reprod 2022; 28:6572349. [PMID: 35451485 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes alter expression of genes at both pre- and post-transcriptional levels without changing their DNA sequence. Accumulating evidence suggests that such changes can modify cellular behaviour and characteristics required during development and in response to various extracellular stimuli. Trophoblast cells develop from the outermost trophectoderm layer of the blastocyst and undergo many phenotypic changes as the placenta develops. One such phenotypic change is differentiation of the epithelial natured cytotrophoblasts into the mesenchymal natured extravillous trophoblasts. The extravillous trophoblasts are primarily responsible for invading into the maternal decidua and thus establishing connection with the maternal spiral arteries. Any dysregulation of this process can have adverse effects on the pregnancy outcome. Hence, tight regulation of this epithelial-mesenchymal transition is critical for successful pregnancy. This review summarizes the recent research on the epigenetic regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition occurring in the trophoblast cells during placental development. The functional significance of chemical modifications of DNA and histone, which regulate transcription, as well as non-coding RNAs, which control gene expression post-transcriptionally, is discussed in relation to trophoblast biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaganmoy Choudhury
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-, 110029, India
| | - Deepak Pandey
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-, 110029, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Chaturvedi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-, 110029, India
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-, 110029, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Britt JL, Greene MA, Klotz JL, Justice SM, Powell RR, Noorai RE, Bruce TF, Duckett SK. Mycotoxin ingestion during late gestation alters placentome structure, cotyledon transcriptome, and fetal development in pregnant sheep. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221119177. [PMID: 35947831 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221119177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ergot alkaloids, a class of mycotoxins, induce vasoconstriction when consumed by animals and humans. Pregnant ewes (n = 16; 81.2 kg ± 7.7) were assigned fed endophyte-infected tall fescue seed (E+; 4.14 μg ergovaline + ergovalinine/g seed) or a control diet (CON; 0 μg ergovaline + ergovalinine) for increasing duration during late gestation (from gd86 to gd110 or gd133) to examine changes in placentome morphology and mRNA transcriptome, and fetal development. Exposure to E+ fescue reduced serum prolactin concentrations at gd110 and gd133 demonstrating treatment efficacy. For control ewes, cotyledon and total placentome weights decreased with advancing gestation due to remodeling of placental tissues; however, cotyledon and placentome weight did not change with advancing gestation in E+ fed ewes. Fetal brain sparing was evident in E+ exposed fetuses at gd110 and gd133 compared to CON, which demonstrates asymmetrical growth and intrauterine growth restriction. Mycotoxin exposure (E+) resulted in differential expression of 22 genes in the cotyledon tissue at gd110 but only one gene at gd133 compared to CON. These results suggest that the response to mycotoxin exposure in the pregnant sheep model has an immediate impact on placental remodeling and fetal development that persists throughout the duration of the exposure period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Britt
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2545Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - M A Greene
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2545Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - J L Klotz
- Forage Production Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - S M Justice
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2545Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - R R Powell
- Clemson University Light Imaging Facility, 2545Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - R E Noorai
- Clemson University Genomics and Bioinformatics Facility, 2545Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - T F Bruce
- Clemson University Light Imaging Facility, 2545Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - S K Duckett
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2545Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ding H, Ding Z, Zhao M, Ji B, Lei J, Chen J, Li M, Li M, Chen Y, Gao Q. Correlation of amniotic fluid index and placental aquaporin 1 levels in terms of preeclampsia. Placenta 2021; 117:169-178. [PMID: 34929457 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aquaporin 1 (AQP1) plays an important role in regulation of maternal-fetal fluid exchange and amniotic fluid volume. This present study aimed to determine the relationship between amniotic fluid index and placental AQP1 levels in terms of preeclampsia, and to reveal possible pathophysiological changes of AQP1 expression under preeclamptic conditions. METHODS Placental tissues and medical records information were obtained from 389 preeclamptic and 447 uncomplicated pregnancies. Placental AQP1 levels were analyzed by molecular biological methods, DNA methylation within gene promotor was determined by targeted bisulfite sequencing assay. RESULTS Here, we found that preeclamptic pregnancy had a greater frequency of oligohydramnios, and higher placental AQP1 levels. There was a significantly inverse correlation between amniotic fluid index and placental AQP1 levels in preeclampsia cases. Additionally, the increased AQP1 was correlated with a decreased DNA methylation within its gene promoter. DISCUSSION Overall, this was the first description that a greater frequency of oligohydramnios in preeclampsia was strongly associated with reprogrammed AQP1 expression via a DNA methylation-mediated epigenetic mechanism. This study suggested AQP1 might play an important role in regulating maternal-fetal fluid balance under preeclamptic conditions, providing new information for further understanding the pathophysiological mechanism of oligohydramnios in preeclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Ding
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiyun Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bingyu Ji
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Lei
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Youguo Chen
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Qinqin Gao
- Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Maternal n-3 PUFA deficiency alters uterine artery remodeling and placental epigenome in the mice. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 96:108784. [PMID: 34062269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The maternal n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) deficiency on decidual vascular structure and angiogenesis in mice placenta was investigated. Namely, we studied uterine artery remodeling, fatty acid metabolism, and placental epigenetic methylation in this animal model. Weanling female Swiss albino mice were fed either alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3, ALA) deficient diets (0.13% energy from ALA) or a sufficient diet (2.26% energy from ALA) throughout the study. The dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency altered uteroplacental morphology and vasculature by reversing luminal to vessel area and increased luminal wall thickness at 8.5-12.5gD. Further, placentas (F0 and F1) showed a significant decrease in the expression of VCAM1, HLAG proteins and an increase in MMP9, KDR expression. The conversion of ALA to long-chain (LC) n-3 PUFAs was significantly decreased in plasma and placenta during the n-3 deficiency state. Reduced n-3 LCPUFAs increased the placental expression of intracellular proteins FABP3, FABP4, and ADRP to compensate decreased availability of these fatty acids in the n-3 deficient mice. The N-3 PUFA deficiency significantly increased the 5-methylcytosine levels in the placenta but not in the liver. The alteration in DNA methylation continued to the next generation in the placental epigenome with augmented expression of DNMT3A and DNMT3B. Our study showed that maternal n-3 PUFA deficiency alters placental vascular architecture and induces epigenetic changes suggesting the importance of n-3 PUFA intake during the development of the fetus. Moreover, the study shows that the placenta is the susceptible target for epigenetic alteration in maternal deficiency n-3 fatty acids.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ji Y, Zhang W, Yang J, Li C. MiR-193b inhibits autophagy and apoptosis by targeting IGFBP5 in high glucose-induced trophoblasts. Placenta 2020; 101:185-193. [PMID: 33010605 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhibiting apoptosis of trophoblasts in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is expected to guarantee adequate nutrition for the fetus and avoid abortion. MiR-193b is one of the most downregulated miRNAs in GDM patients. However, less is known about the role of miR-193b in autophagy and apoptosis in GDM patients. METHODS We detected the expression of miR-193b in GDM patients. Then, we cultured human trophoblasts (HTR8 cells) with high glucose (HG) to simulate a diabetic environment in vitro, and further explored the effects of miR-193b on apoptosis and autophagy of HG-treated HTR8 cells. RESULTS The expression of miR-193b was significantly downregulated in the peripheral blood of GDM patients compared with healthy controls, and decreased miR-193b caused apparent autophagy and a substantially high apoptosis rate in HG-treated HTR8 cells. These effects were reversed by enhancing miR-193b expression or using the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. Inhibiting miR-193b induced the pro-autophagic, cytostatic, and pro-apoptotic effects reduced by 3-MA in HTR8 cells upon HG treatment. Moreover, the expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) was upregulated notably in the peripheral blood of GDM patients, and IGFBP5 appears to represent a direct miR-193b target. Note that silencing IGFBP5 blocked autophagy and apoptosis in HG-treated HTR8 cells, an effect that was diminished by inhibiting miR-193b. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that aberrantly low expression of miR-193b in HG-induced trophoblasts results in massive apoptosis events by upregulating IGFBP5-induced autophagy, which may trigger GDM. Therefore, miR-193b may became a potential target for GDM therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Changzhong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ni H, Wang X, Qu H, Gao X, Yu X. MiR-95-5p involves in the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells by targeting low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 47:184-197. [PMID: 32924237 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) has been demonstrated to control trophoblast cell invasion, but its regulatory gene remains undefined. In this study, microRNA (miR) regulating LRP6 were explored to elucidate the potential mechanism of preeclampsia (PE). METHODS Firstly, the expression of LRP6 in PE tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. Prediction software predicted that LRP6 might be the target gene of miR-95-5p, and verified by double-luciferase reporter analysis. qRT-PCR assay measured the expression of miR-95-5p in PE tissues and trophoblast cell lines. Then, we transfected miR-95-5p mimic, inhibitor, LRP6, or mimic plus LRP6 into trophoblast cell lines, and analyzed their influences on cell migration and invasion by wound healing and Transwell experiments. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in transfected cells were examined by western blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS LRP6 was low-expressed in PE tissues, while miR-95-5p expression was high-expressed. MiR-95-5p negatively regulated the LRP6 expression in trophoblast cells. Both up-regulated LRP6 and down-regulated miR-95-5p can not only promote the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells, but also raised the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and inhibited the expression of TIMP-1. The over-expression of miR-95-5p suppressed the metastasis of trophoblast cells and rescued LRP6-induced increase of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and reduction of TIMP-1. CONCLUSION MiR-95-5p involved in the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells by targeting LRP6, which might be a potential therapeutic target for PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Ni
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongmei Qu
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xueli Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jia Y, Xie H, Zhang J, Ying H. Induction of TGF-β receptor I expression in a DNA methylation-independent manner mediated by DNMT3A downregulation is involved in early-onset severe preeclampsia. FASEB J 2020; 34:13224-13238. [PMID: 32794622 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000253rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia, especially early-onset severe preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Although it has been well known that the pathophysiology of early-onset severe preeclampsia begins with abnormal placentation and aberrant activation of TGF-β signaling inhibits trophoblast cell invasion, the mechanisms underlying dysregulation of TGF-β signaling in early-onset severe preeclampsia remain elusive to date. Here, we revealed that induction of TGFBR1/TGF-β signaling mediated by DNMT3A downregulation plays a critical role in early-onset severe preeclampsia. Our results show that DNMT3A downregulation elevates TGFBR1 expression in trophoblast cells. Moreover, inhibition of TGFBR1 and TGF-β/Smad signaling can rescue the deficiencies of trophoblast cell migration and invasion caused by DNMT3A knockdown. Mechanistically, DNMT3A suppresses the transcription of TGFBR1 through recruiting EZH2 to its promoter but not changing DNA methylation of TGFBR1 promoter. In human samples, we detected lowly expressed DNMT3A, highly expressed TGFBR1 and hyperactivation of TGF-β/Smad signaling in decidua-embedded extravillous trophoblasts in early-onset severe preeclampsia, which provides the clinical evidence for the correlation between DNMT3A and TGFBR1. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that DNA methylation-independent induction of TGFBR1 mediated by DNMT3A downregulation is relevant to the development of early-onset severe preeclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Jia
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Xie
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiqin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, the Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Ying
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Song W, Puttabyatappa M, Zeng L, Vazquez D, Pennathur S, Padmanabhan V. Developmental programming: Prenatal bisphenol A treatment disrupts mediators of placental function in sheep. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 243:125301. [PMID: 31726260 PMCID: PMC7243413 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Gestational Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is associated with low birth weight. We hypothesized that the low birth weight is the consequence of reduced placental efficiency and a function of BPA-induced inflammatory, oxidative, lipotoxic, angiogenic, steroidal and fibrotic changes involving epigenetic alterations. Placentomes were collected during early (day 65) and mid (day 90) gestation (term ∼147 days) from control and BPA (gestational day 30-90)-treated pregnant sheep. BPA treatment: reduced placental efficiency and fetal weight; increased interleukin 8, lipid peroxidation marker, antioxidants, aromatase, 17 alpha-hydroxylase, estrogen receptor 2, insulin like growth factor (IGF) 2 receptor and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP), and histone deacetylase 1 and 2; reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha and IGF1 receptor at early gestation (Day 65). Gestational BPA-induced mid-gestational changes include: reduced angiogenic factor hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha; increased IL1beta, oxidative stress markers, triglyceride, 17alpha hydroxylase, IGFBP 1, DNA methyltransferase 3 A and histone deacetylase 1. These findings indicate that gestational BPA, either acting directly or by altering steroidal input, produces early/mid-gestational-specific epigenetic changes culminating in placental disruptions at several levels, in keeping with time-specific/time-lagged pregnancy-associated changes in placental efficiency and fetal weight. The reduced early-gestational placental efficiency may be a function of increased inflammation/oxidative stress and reduced IGF bioavailability with the mid-gestational restoration of placental efficiency likely driven by improved IGF bioavailability and the time-lagged response to antioxidant increase. This compensation, the result of time-lagged response to increases in negative mediators of placental function must have failed with pregnancy advancement to explain the low birthweight outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Song
- The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, PR China; Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Lixia Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Delia Vazquez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Duan C, Allard JB. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-5 in Physiology and Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:100. [PMID: 32194505 PMCID: PMC7063065 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is regulated by a conserved family of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in vertebrates. Among the six distinct types of IGFBPs, IGFBP-5 is the most highly conserved across species and has the broadest range of biological activities. IGFBP-5 is expressed in diverse cell types, and its expression level is regulated by a variety of signaling pathways in different contexts. IGFBP-5 can exert a range of biological actions including prolonging the half-life of IGFs in the circulation, inhibition of IGF signaling by competing with the IGF-1 receptor for ligand binding, concentrating IGFs in certain cells and tissues, and potentiation of IGF signaling by delivery of IGFs to the IGF-1 receptor. IGFBP-5 also has IGF-independent activities and is even detected in the nucleus. Its broad biological activities make IGFBP-5 an excellent representative for understanding IGFBP functions. Despite its evolutionary conservation and numerous biological activities, knockout of IGFBP-5 in mice produced only a negligible phenotype. Recent research has begun to explain this paradox by demonstrating cell type-specific and physiological/pathological context-dependent roles for IGFBP-5. In this review, we survey and discuss what is currently known about IGFBP-5 in normal physiology and human disease. Based on recent in vivo genetic evidence, we suggest that IGFBP-5 is a multifunctional protein with the ability to act as a molecular switch to conditionally regulate IGF signaling.
Collapse
|
20
|
Okuno K, Akiyama Y, Shimada S, Nakagawa M, Tanioka T, Inokuchi M, Yamaoka S, Kojima K, Tanaka S. Asymmetric dimethylation at histone H3 arginine 2 by PRMT6 in gastric cancer progression. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:15-26. [PMID: 30508037 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modification plays important molecular roles in development and progression of cancers. Dysregulation of histone H3 arginine (R) methylation is still unknown in primary cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). Although PRMT6 contributes to asymmetric dimethylation at H3R2 (H3R2me2as) in cancer cells, its molecular functions are poorly understood in GC. In this study, we assessed H3R2me2as and PRMT6 expression levels in 133 primary GC tissues by immunohistochemistry. Increased H3R2me2as was found in 68 GC (51.1%) cases and independently related to poor prognosis. PRMT6 was overexpressed in 70 GC (52.6%) and strongly correlated with the global H3R2me2as levels (P < 0.001). By analyzing biological functions of PRMT6 in GC cell lines by lentivirus-based systems, PRMT6 overexpression enhanced global H3R2me2as and invasiveness in vitro, while PRMT6 knockout (PRMT6-KO) suppressed these effects and tumorigenicity in vivo. ChIP and microarray assays demonstrated that PRMT6-KO GC cells decreased the enrichments of H3R2me2as at the promoter regions of PCDH7, SCD and IGFBP5, resulting in upregulation of their gene expression. PRMT6 was recruited to the promoter regions of PCDH7 and SCD in the PRMT6-overexpressed cells. Knockdown of tumor suppressor PCDH7 in the PRMT6-KO GC cells elevated cell migration and invasion. PRMT6 expression inversely correlated with PCDH7 expression in primary GC (P = 0.021). Collectively, our findings strongly indicate that H3R2me2as is a strong prognostic indicator of GC patients, and PRMT6-overexpressing GC cells may acquire invasiveness through direct transcriptional inhibition of PCDH7 by increasing H3R2me2as level. Thus, inhibition of the PRMT6-H3R2me2as pathway could be a promising new therapeutic strategy in GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Okuno
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Akiyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Shimada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nakagawa
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Tanioka
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikito Inokuchi
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Yamaoka
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kojima
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wei LL, Pan YS, Tang Q, Yang ZJ, Song WQ, Gao YF, Li J, Zhang L, Liu SG. Decreased ALCAM expression and promoter hypermethylation is associated with preeclampsia. Hypertens Res 2019; 43:13-22. [PMID: 31601971 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a major obstetrical complication that results in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Aberrant epigenetic modifications are widely involved in the pathogenesis of PE. Previously, the activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) was reported to be required for blastocyst implantation but has not been described in the context of pathological pregnancy. This study explored the expression of ALCAM and its methylation levels in the placentas and peripheral venous blood of patients with PE from a Chinese Han population. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ALCAM were downregulated in the PE placentas compared with the control placentas (P < 0.05). The methylation rate of the ALCAM gene promoter was considerably elevated in the placentas (P = 0.003, odds ratio (OR) = 0.264, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) [0.108-0.647], cases n = 47, controls n = 53) and peripheral blood (P = 0.007, OR = 0.455, 95% CI [0.256-0.806], cases n = 100, controls n = 100) of the PE patients compared with those of the normotensive women, suggesting a negative relationship between ALCAM methylation and gene transcription. Moreover, the transcriptional expression of ALCAM was dramatically increased by demethylating treatment in trophoblastic cells. ALCAM is expected to be involved in the pathogenesis of PE through methylation regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Wei
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue-Shuai Pan
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zong-Jun Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei-Qing Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Fang Gao
- Department of Nursing, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Shi-Guo Liu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang L, Zhang Y, Qu H, Xu F, Hu H, Zhang Q, Ye Y. Reduced ELABELA expression attenuates trophoblast invasion through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in early onset preeclampsia. Placenta 2019; 87:38-45. [PMID: 31546152 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early onset preeclampsia is linked to abnormal trophoblast invasion, leading to insufficient recasting of uterine spiral arteries and shallow placental implantation. This study investigated ELABELA (ELA) expression and its involvement in the pathogenesis of early onset preeclampsia. METHODS We used immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR and Western blot to calculate ELA levels in the placentas. Transwell assays were utilize to assess the invasion and migration of trophoblastic Cells. Western blot was used to identify the concentrations of vital kinases in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and invasion-related proteins in trophoblast cells. RESULTS ELA was expressed in villous cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts in placental tissue. Compared with the normal pregnancies, ELA mRNA and protein expression was significantly reduced in early onset preeclampsia placentas. In the HTR-8/SVneo cells, when ELA was knocked down, the invasion and migration capability of cells decreased significantly, with MMP2 and MMP9 expression downregulated and the expression of important kinases in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways being significantly decreased compared to the control group. Overexpression of ELA was on the contrary. Besides, while PI3K was blocked, the invasion and migration capability of HTR-8/SVneo cells and the expression of key kinases in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways were decreased significantly. DISCUSSION ELA stimulates the invasion and migration of trophoblastic cells through activation of downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and is complicit in early onset preeclampsia pathogenesis. Our research offers a potential novel treatment for PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Hongmei Qu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Fengsen Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yuanhua Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China; Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang T, Xiang Y, Zhou X, Zheng X, Zhang H, Zhang X, Zhang J, He L, Zhao X. Epigenome-wide association data implicate fetal/maternal adaptations contributing to clinical outcomes in preeclampsia. Epigenomics 2019; 11:1003-1019. [PMID: 31091979 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the changes of placental DNA methylome in preeclampsia (PE). Materials & methods: We performed an epigenome-wide association study in a Chinese cohort and six published datasets consisting of 335 samples in total. Results & conclusion: Numerous consistently hypomethylated probes were associated with early-onset PE in different populations, with 2125 reaching epigenome-wide significance. The validated probes were enriched for cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites partially methylated and located in genes related to trophoblast fusion. The methylation levels of the validated probes were associated with clinical severity, while the intermediate samples showed antagonistic fetal/maternal outcomes. The DNA methylation patterns of PE and clinically relevant obstetrical syndromes suggested partially common pathophysiologies and complex maternal/fetal adaptive responses contributing to variable clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Yuqian Xiang
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- Children's Hospital & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Xiaoguo Zheng
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, PR China
| | - Junyu Zhang
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Xinzhi Zhao
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital of China Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Liang
- From the Center of Systems Molecular Medicine, Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xie D, Zhu J, Liu Q, Li J, Song M, Wang K, Zhou Q, Jia Y, Li T. Dysregulation of HDAC9 Represses Trophoblast Cell Migration and Invasion Through TIMP3 Activation in Preeclampsia. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:515-523. [PMID: 30715128 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Preeclampsia (PE) is a common disease during pregnancy. It is generally accepted that PE is closely associated with shallow placenta implantation caused by the dysfunction of trophoblast cells. Trophoblasts have been recognized to share histological and behavioral characteristics with cancer cells, and many lines of evidence have emphasized that histone deacetylases (HDACs) are therapeutic targets for cancer treatment with the most promising. However, the roles of HDACs have not been well established in PE. The purpose of this study is investigating the expression of HDACs in preeclamptic placentas and to explore its roles in PE progression. METHODS Both mRNA and protein levels of HDAC9 were determined by q-RT-PCR and western blot in normal and preeclamptic placentas. The localization of HDAC9 was performed by immunohistochemistry. Trophoblast cell mobility and proliferation were determined by transwell and MTS assays, respectively. The histone acetylation levels of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3) promoter were detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) assay. RESULTS HDAC9 was downregulated in preeclamptic placentas compared with that in normal controls, and it was mainly localized in the nucleus of syncytiotrophoblast cells. HDAC9 knockdown in HTR-8/SVneo cells inhibited cell migration and invasion. The transcriptional level of TIMP3 was upregulated in HDAC9-knockdown HTR-8/SVneo cells because of promoter histone hyperacetylation. Importantly, HDAC9 downregulation can rescue the defects caused by HDAC9 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS HDAC9 promotes trophoblast cell migration and invasion by repressing TIMP3 through promoter histone hypoacetylation. Thus, the findings of our study suggest that dysregulated HDAC9 and TIMP3 are relevant to PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingping Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengjiu Song
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanhui Jia
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yu X, Zhang Y, Yang P, Gao X, Wang Y. Downregulated low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 induces the maldevelopment of extravillous trophoblast via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 44:21-28. [PMID: 30684559 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), a special type of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP), is highly associated with the migratory and invasive capacity of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). Here, we aimed to study the functions of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) in PE pathogenesis. A comparative analysis of cellular gene expressions between placenta tissues collected from PE patients and normal pregnant women showed that the expressions of LRP6, β-catenin and matrix metallopeptidases/TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitors (MMPs/TIMPs) ratio in placentas of PE patients were much lower than the normal. Then, we constructed and transfected LRP6 siRNA (siLRP6) and LRP6 overexpression vectors into HTR6/SVneo cells. On the contrary to siLRP6, LRP6 overexpression could significant enhance cell viability, and strengthen the abilities of cell migration and invasion. Importantly, the overexpression of LRP6 could induce the upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels, and downregulation of TIMPs. The mRNA and protein levels of β-catenin, an intracellular signal transducer of Wnt signaling pathway, were significantly up-regulated under the effects of LRP6 overexpression. XAV939, a Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor, was introduced to confirm the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in functions of LRP6. The results of cell viability detection showed that XAV939 could significantly inhibit the positive effects of LRP6 overexpression on cell viability. Taken together, low-expressed LRP6 may be responsible of lower migration and invasion of EVTs and subsequent PE, and the mechanisms show a highly association with Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Xueli Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hypertension Editors' Picks: Preeclampsia, Pregnancy, and Hypertension. Hypertension 2018; 72:e1-e18. [PMID: 29899140 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
28
|
Cui X, Xu J, Ji Y, Song X, Wang J, Zhang L, Yang S, Ye Y. Effects of forkhead box protein M1 on trophoblast invasion and its role in preeclampsia development. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:197-203. [PMID: 29896240 PMCID: PMC5995065 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression of the forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) in the placenta of patients with preeclampsia, and its effect on trophoblasts. A total of 28 patients with preeclampsia and 30 patients without preeclampsia (controls) who underwent cesarean section and were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between June 2013 and September 2016 were enrolled in the present study. The expression of FOXM1 in placental tissues was examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. HTR8/SVneo cells were used to measure the in vitro expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The results demonstrated that FOXM1 expression was downregulated in the placental tissues of patient with preeclampsia (P<0.05). Following the silencing of FOXM1 expression, the proliferation of HTR8/SVneo cells was suppressed. The results of flow cytometry demonstrated that proportion of HTR8/SVneo cells in the G0/G1 phase and the proportion of apoptotic cells increased. The expression of the apoptosis regulator BCL-2, as well as the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein expression were also downregulated following FOXM1 silencing. FOXM1 may therefore promote the development of preeclampsia via the VEGF signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuena Cui
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jin'e Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yuzhi Ji
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhong Song
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Junhuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Shengmei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhua Ye
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Leavey K, Wilson SL, Bainbridge SA, Robinson WP, Cox BJ. Epigenetic regulation of placental gene expression in transcriptional subtypes of preeclampsia. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:28. [PMID: 29507646 PMCID: PMC5833042 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0463-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PE) is a heterogeneous, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, with no robust biomarkers or effective treatments. We hypothesized that this heterogeneity is due to the existence of multiple subtypes of PE and, in support of this hypothesis, we recently identified five clusters of placentas within a large gene expression microarray dataset (N = 330), of which four (clusters 1, 2, 3, and 5) contained a substantial number of PE samples. However, while transcriptional analysis of placentas can subtype patients, we propose that the addition of epigenetic information could discern gene regulatory mechanisms behind the distinct PE pathologies, as well as identify clinically useful potential biomarkers. Results We subjected 48 of our samples from transcriptional clusters 1, 2, 3, and 5 to Infinium HumanMethylation450 arrays. Samples belonging to transcriptional clusters 1–3 still showed visible relationships to each other by methylation, but cluster 5, with known chromosomal abnormalities, no longer formed a cohesive group. Within transcriptional clusters 2 and 3, controlling for fetal sex and gestational age in the identification of differentially methylated sites, compared to the healthier cluster 1, dramatically reduced the number of significant sites, but increased the percentage that demonstrated a strong linear correlation with gene expression (from 5% and 2% to 9% and 8%, respectively). Locations exhibiting a positive relationship between methylation and gene expression were most frequently found in CpG open sea enhancer regions within the gene body, while those with a significant negative correlation were often annotated to the promoter in a CpG shore region. Integrated transcriptome and epigenome analysis revealed modifications in TGF-beta signaling, cell adhesion, oxidative phosphorylation, and metabolism pathways in cluster 2 placentas, and aberrations in antigen presentation, allograft rejection, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction in cluster 3 samples. Conclusions Overall, we have established DNA methylation alterations underlying a portion of the transcriptional development of “canonical” PE in cluster 2 and “immunological” PE in cluster 3. However, a significant number of the observed methylation changes were not associated with corresponding changes in gene expression, and vice versa, indicating that alternate methods of gene regulation will need to be explored to fully comprehend these PE subtypes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-018-0463-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Leavey
- 1Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Samantha L Wilson
- 2BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC Canada.,3Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, C201-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Shannon A Bainbridge
- 4Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 25 University Private, Ottawa, ON Canada.,5Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Wendy P Robinson
- 2BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC Canada.,3Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, C201-4500 Oak St, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Brian J Cox
- 1Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON Canada.,6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, 23 Edward Street, Toronto, ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen X, Tong C, Li H, Peng W, Li R, Luo X, Ge H, Ran Y, Li Q, Liu Y, Xiong X, Bai Y, Zhang H, Baker PN, Liu X, Qi H. Dysregulated Expression of RPS4Y1 (Ribosomal Protein S4, Y-Linked 1) Impairs STAT3 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3) Signaling to Suppress Trophoblast Cell Migration and Invasion in Preeclampsia. Hypertension 2018; 71:481-490. [PMID: 29378854 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Normal placentation and a successful pregnancy depend on appropriate trophoblast cell migration and invasion. Inadequate trophoblast invasion and impaired spiral artery remodeling may lead to pregnancy-related disorders, such as preeclampsia. RPS4Y1 (ribosomal protein S4, Y-linked 1) is a member of the S4E family of ribosomal proteins. In this study, we found that RPS4Y1 levels were upregulated in placental samples collected from preeclamptic patients, when compared with the normotensive pregnant women. In vitro, inhibition of RPS4Y1 induced trophoblast cell invasion, promoted placental explant outgrowth, and increased STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) phosphorylation along with elevated expression of N-cadherin and vimentin. Conversely, overexpression of RPS4Y1 results in reduced trophoblast cell invasion and decreased STAT3 phosphorylation. In addition, the suppression of RPS4Y1 promotes trophoblast cell invasion, which could be abolished by the STAT3 knockdown. Meanwhile, we observed reductions of STAT3 phosphorylation expression in preeclampsia patients. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the level of RPS4Y1 expression may be associated with preeclampsia by affecting trophoblast cell migration and invasion via the STAT3/epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehai Chen
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Chao Tong
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Haiying Li
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Wei Peng
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Rong Li
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Xin Luo
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Huisheng Ge
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Yuxin Ran
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Qin Li
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Yamin Liu
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Xi Xiong
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Yuxiang Bai
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Hua Zhang
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Philip N Baker
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| | - Xiru Liu
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.).
| | - Hongbo Qi
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Canada-China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China (X.C., C.T., H.L., W.P., R.L., X.L., H.G., Y.R., Q.L., Y.L., X.X., Y.B., H.Z., X.L., H.Q.); and College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, United Kingdom (P.N.B.)
| |
Collapse
|