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Huang SL, Xin HY, Wang XY, Feng GG, Wu FQ, Feng ZP, Xing Z, Zhang XH, Xin HW, Luo WY. Recent Advances on the Molecular Mechanism and Clinical Trials of Venous Thromboembolism. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:6167-6178. [PMID: 38111686 PMCID: PMC10726951 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s439205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism is a condition that includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It is the third most common cardiovascular disease behind acute coronary heart disease and stroke. Over the past few years, growing research suggests that venous thrombosis is also related to the immune system and inflammatory factors have been confirmed to be involved in venous thrombosis. The role of inflammation and inflammation-related biomarkers in cerebrovascular thrombotic disease is the subject of ongoing debate. P-selectin leads to platelet-monocyte aggregation and stimulates vascular inflammation and thrombosis. The dysregulation of miRNAs has also been reported in venous thrombosis, suggesting the involvement of miRNAs in the progression of venous thrombosis. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a crucial component of the plasminogen-plasmin system, and elevated levels of PAI-1 in conjunction with advanced age are significant risk factors for thrombosis. In addition, it has been showed that one of the ways that neutrophils promote venous thrombosis is the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In recent years, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the occurrence and development of VTE has been continuously revealed. With the advancement of research technology, the complex regulatory role of EVs on the coagulation process has been gradually discovered. However, our understanding of the causes and consequences of these changes in venous thrombosis is still limited. Therefore, we review our current understanding the molecular mechanisms of venous thrombosis and the related clinical trials, which is crucial for the future treatment of venous thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Li Huang
- Medical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical laboratory, Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yi Xin
- Doctoral Scientific Research Center, Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Doctoral Scientific Research Center, Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-Gui Feng
- Clinical laboratory, Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Qing Wu
- Clinical laboratory, Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Peng Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Yueyang, Hunan, 414000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhou Xing
- First Clinical College, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi-He Zhang
- Doctoral Scientific Research Center, Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wu Xin
- Doctoral Scientific Research Center, Lianjiang People’s Hospital, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Oncology, Center for Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, People’s Republic of China
- Research Centre of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Chifeng University, Chifeng, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, 024000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ying Luo
- Medical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524400, People’s Republic of China
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Ling T, Liu J, Dong L, Liu J. The roles of P-selectin in cancer cachexia. Med Oncol 2023; 40:338. [PMID: 37870739 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02207-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
P-selectin, a cell adhesion molecule of the selectin family, is expressed on the surface of activated endothelial cells (ECs) and platelets. Binding of P-selectin to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) supports the leukocytes capture and rolling on stimulated ECs and increases the aggregation of leukocytes and activated platelets. Cancer cachexia is a systemic inflammation disorder characterized by metabolic disturbances, reduced body weight, loss of appetite, fat depletion, and progressive muscle atrophy. Cachexia status is associated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which activates ECs to release P-selectin. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci of P-selectin encoding gene SELP are associated with higher level of plasma P-selectin and increase the susceptibility to cachexia in cancer patients. Elevated P-selectin expression has been observed in the hypothalamus, liver, and gastrocnemius muscle in animal models with cancer cachexia. Increased P-selectin may cause excessive inflammatory processes, muscle atrophy, and blood hypercoagulation, thus facilitating the development of cancer cachexia. In this review, physiological functions of P-selectin and its potential roles in cancer cachexia have been summarized. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of P-selectin inhibitors for the treatment of cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ling
- Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Xu Q, Shi M, Ding L, Xia Y, Luo L, Lu X, Zhang X, Deng DYB. High expression of P-selectin induces neutrophil extracellular traps via the PSGL-1/Syk/Ca 2+/PAD4 pathway to exacerbate acute pancreatitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265344. [PMID: 37841279 PMCID: PMC10568494 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is involved in the progression of acute pancreatitis (AP) but the mechanisms controlling NETs formation in AP are not fully understood. Therefore, our study sought to investigate the mechanism of the highly expressed P-selectin stimulating the formation of NETs in AP. Methods NETs formation was detected by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, and cf-DNA and MPO-DNA complexes were measured as biomarkers of NETs formation. Neutrophils treated with P-selectin and pharmacological inhibitors were examined by western blot, immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Mouse model of AP was established by caerulein and the effect of inhibiting P-selectin by PSI-697 on the level of NETs and PAD4 in pancreatic tissue was observed. The severity of AP was evaluated by histopathological score and the detection of serum amylase and lipase. Results Patients with AP had elevated levels of NETs and P-selectin compared with healthy volunteers. Stimulation of P-selectin up-regulated the expression of PSGL-1, increased the phosphorylation of Syk, mediated intracellular calcium signal and led to the activation and expression of PAD4, which modulated NETs formation in neutrophils. Pretreament with PSI-697 blunted NETs formation and PAD4 expression in the pancreatic tissue, and ameliorated the severity of AP in mice. Conclusion Taken together, these results suggest that P-selectin induces NETs through PSGL-1 and its downstream Syk/Ca2+/PAD4 signaling pathway, and that targeting this pathway might be a promising strategy for the treatment of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- Department of Scientific Research Center, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Department of Scientific Research Center, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Department of Scientific Research Center, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Scientific Research Center, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaofang Lu
- Department of Pathology, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Health Management Center, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - David Y. B. Deng
- Department of Scientific Research Center, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Leusmann S, Ménová P, Shanin E, Titz A, Rademacher C. Glycomimetics for the inhibition and modulation of lectins. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3663-3740. [PMID: 37232696 PMCID: PMC10243309 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00954d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are essential mediators of many processes in health and disease. They regulate self-/non-self- discrimination, are key elements of cellular communication, cancer, infection and inflammation, and determine protein folding, function and life-times. Moreover, they are integral to the cellular envelope for microorganisms and participate in biofilm formation. These diverse functions of carbohydrates are mediated by carbohydrate-binding proteins, lectins, and the more the knowledge about the biology of these proteins is advancing, the more interfering with carbohydrate recognition becomes a viable option for the development of novel therapeutics. In this respect, small molecules mimicking this recognition process become more and more available either as tools for fostering our basic understanding of glycobiology or as therapeutics. In this review, we outline the general design principles of glycomimetic inhibitors (Section 2). This section is then followed by highlighting three approaches to interfere with lectin function, i.e. with carbohydrate-derived glycomimetics (Section 3.1), novel glycomimetic scaffolds (Section 3.2) and allosteric modulators (Section 3.3). We summarize recent advances in design and application of glycomimetics for various classes of lectins of mammalian, viral and bacterial origin. Besides highlighting design principles in general, we showcase defined cases in which glycomimetics have been advanced to clinical trials or marketed. Additionally, emerging applications of glycomimetics for targeted protein degradation and targeted delivery purposes are reviewed in Section 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Leusmann
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Petra Ménová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Technická 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Elena Shanin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical Biology of Carbohydrates (CBCH), Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Rolling CC, Barrett TJ, Berger JS. Platelet-monocyte aggregates: molecular mediators of thromboinflammation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:960398. [PMID: 37255704 PMCID: PMC10225702 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.960398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets, key facilitators of primary hemostasis and thrombosis, have emerged as crucial cellular mediators of innate immunity and inflammation. Exemplified by their ability to alter the phenotype and function of monocytes, activated platelets bind to circulating monocytes to form monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPA). The platelet-monocyte axis has emerged as a key mechanism connecting thrombosis and inflammation. MPA are elevated across the spectrum of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, including cardiovascular disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and COVID-19, and are positively associated with disease severity. These clinical disorders are all characterized by an increased risk of thromboembolic complications. Intriguingly, monocytes in contact with platelets become proinflammatory and procoagulant, highlighting that this interaction is a central element of thromboinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina C. Rolling
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tessa J. Barrett
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Berger
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Novel approaches to antiplatelet therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Purdy M, Obi A, Myers D, Wakefield T. P- and E- selectin in venous thrombosis and non-venous pathologies. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1056-1066. [PMID: 35243742 PMCID: PMC9314977 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism is a very common and costly health problem worldwide. Anticoagulant treatment for VTE is imperfect: all have the potential for significant bleeding, and none prevent the development of post thrombotic syndrome after deep vein thrombosis or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism. For these reasons, alternate forms of therapy with improved efficacy and decreased bleeding are needed. Selectins are a family (P-selectin, E-selectin, L-selectin) of glycoproteins that facilitate and augment thrombosis, modulating neutrophil, monocyte, and platelet activity. P- and E-selectin have been investigated as potential biomarkers for thrombosis. Inhibition of P-selectin and E-selectin decrease thrombosis and vein wall fibrosis, with no increase in bleeding. Selectin inhibition is a promising avenue of future study as either a stand-alone treatment for VTE or as an adjunct to standard anticoagulation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Purdy
- University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Andrea Obi
- Section of Vascular SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Daniel Myers
- Section of Vascular SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine and Section of Vascular SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Thomas Wakefield
- Section of Vascular SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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Wallis S, Wolska N, Englert H, Posner M, Upadhyay A, Renné T, Eggleston I, Bagby S, Pula G. A peptide from the staphylococcal protein Efb binds P-selectin and inhibits the interaction of platelets with leukocytes. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:729-741. [PMID: 34846792 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS P-selectin is a key surface adhesion molecule for the interaction of platelets with leukocytes. We have shown previously that the N-terminal domain of Staphylococcus aureus extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein (Efb) binds to P-selectin and interferes with platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation. Here, we aimed to identify the minimal Efb motif required for binding platelets and to characterize its ability to interfering with the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates. METHODS AND RESULTS Using a library of synthetic peptides, we mapped the platelet-binding site to a continuous 20 amino acid stretch. The peptide Efb68-87 was able to bind to resting and, to a greater extent, thrombin-stimulated platelets in the absence of fibrinogen. Dot blots, pull-down assays and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) competitive binding experiments identified P-selectin as the cellular docking site mediating Efb68-87 platelet binding. Accordingly, Efb68-87 did not bind to other blood cells and captured platelets from human whole blood under low shear stress conditions. Efb68-87 did not affect platelet activation as tested by aggregometry, flow cytometry and immunoblotting, but inhibited the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLAs). Efb68-87 also interfered with the platelet-dependent stimulation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We have identified Efb68-87 as a novel selective platelet-binding peptide. Efb68-87 binds directly to P-selectin and inhibits interactions of platelets with leukocytes that lead to PLA and NET formation. As PLAs and NETs play a key role in thromboinflammation, Efb68-87 is an exciting candidate for the development of novel selective inhibitors of the proinflammatory activity of platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Wallis
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf - Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nina Wolska
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf - Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Englert
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf - Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mareike Posner
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Abhishek Upadhyay
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Thomas Renné
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf - Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ian Eggleston
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Stefan Bagby
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Giordano Pula
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Eppendorf - Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Wong DJ, Park DD, Park SS, Haller CA, Chen J, Dai E, Liu L, Mandhapati AR, Eradi P, Dhakal B, Wever WJ, Hanes M, Sun L, Cummings RD, Chaikof EL. A PSGL-1 glycomimetic reduces thrombus burden without affecting hemostasis. Blood 2021; 138:1182-1193. [PMID: 33945603 PMCID: PMC8570056 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Events mediated by the P-selectin/PSGL-1 pathway play a critical role in the initiation and propagation of venous thrombosis by facilitating the accumulation of leukocytes and platelets within the growing thrombus. Activated platelets and endothelium express P-selectin, which binds P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) that is expressed on the surface of all leukocytes. We developed a pegylated glycomimetic of the N terminus of PSGL-1, PEG40-GSnP-6 (P-G6), which proved to be a highly potent P-selectin inhibitor with a favorable pharmacokinetic profile for clinical translation. P-G6 inhibits human and mouse platelet-monocyte and platelet-neutrophil aggregation in vitro and blocks microcirculatory platelet-leukocyte interactions in vivo. Administration of P-G6 reduces thrombus formation in a nonocclusive model of deep vein thrombosis with a commensurate reduction in leukocyte accumulation, but without disruption of hemostasis. P-G6 potently inhibits the P-selectin/PSGL-1 pathway and represents a promising drug candidate for the prevention of venous thrombosis without increased bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Wong
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Diane D Park
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Simon S Park
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Carolyn A Haller
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Erbin Dai
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Liying Liu
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Appi R Mandhapati
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pradheep Eradi
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bibek Dhakal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Walter J Wever
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Melinda Hanes
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lijun Sun
- Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School Center for Glycoscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Feng Q, Wang M, Muhtar E, Wang Y, Zhu H. Nanoparticles of a New Small-Molecule P-Selectin Inhibitor Attenuate Thrombosis, Inflammation, and Tumor Growth in Two Animal Models. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5777-5795. [PMID: 34471352 PMCID: PMC8403725 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s316863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess whether the newly designed small-molecule oral P-selectin inhibitor 3S-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-methyl aspartyl ester (THCMA) as a nanomedicine enhances antithrombosis, anti-inflammation, and antitumor activity more than the clinical trial drug PSI-697. Methods THCMA was designed as an amphiphile containing pharmacophores of PSI-697. Its nanofeatures were explored with TEM, SEM, Tyndall effect, ζ-potential, FT-ICR-MS, and NOESY 2D 1H NMR. The P-selectin inhibitory effect of THCMA was demonstrated with molecular docking, ultraviolet (UV) spectra, and competitive ELISA. In vivo and in vitro assays — anti-arterial thrombosis, anti–venous thrombosis, anti-inflammation, antitumor growth, anti–platelet aggregation, rat-tail bleeding time, anticoagulation index, soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) expression, and serum TNFα expression — were performed to explore bioactivity and potential mechanisms. Water solubility of THCMA was measured using UV-absorption spectra. Results THCMA self-assembled into nanorings of approximately 100 nm in diameter. Its water solubility was about 1,030-fold that of PSI-697. THCMA exhibited more potent P-selectin inhibitory effect than PSI-697. The oral efficacy of THCMA was 100-fold that of PSI-697 in inhibiting arterial and venous thrombosis and tenfold in inhibiting inflammation. THCMA inhibited thrombosis at a dose that produces no coagulation disorders and no bleeding risk. THCMA exhibited enhanced antitumor activity over PSI-697 without systemic chemotherapy toxicity. THCMA significantly inhibited platelet aggregation in vitro and downregulated the expression levels of serum sP-selectin and TNFα in vivo. Conclusion A new small-molecule P-selectin inhibitor, THCMA, has been successfully designed as a nanomedicine with largely enhanced oral efficacy compared to the clinical trial drug PSI-697, and thus might be developed for the oral treatment of arterial thrombosis, venous thrombosis, inflammation, and cancer-associated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Eldar Muhtar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaonan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Haimei Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
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Smith BAH, Bertozzi CR. The clinical impact of glycobiology: targeting selectins, Siglecs and mammalian glycans. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 20:217-243. [PMID: 33462432 PMCID: PMC7812346 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-00093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates - namely glycans - decorate every cell in the human body and most secreted proteins. Advances in genomics, glycoproteomics and tools from chemical biology have made glycobiology more tractable and understandable. Dysregulated glycosylation plays a major role in disease processes from immune evasion to cognition, sparking research that aims to target glycans for therapeutic benefit. The field is now poised for a boom in drug development. As a harbinger of this activity, glycobiology has already produced several drugs that have improved human health or are currently being translated to the clinic. Focusing on three areas - selectins, Siglecs and glycan-targeted antibodies - this Review aims to tell the stories behind therapies inspired by glycans and to outline how the lessons learned from these approaches are paving the way for future glycobiology-focused therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A H Smith
- Department of Chemical & Systems Biology and ChEM-H, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carolyn R Bertozzi
- Department of Chemical & Systems Biology and ChEM-H, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Abstract
Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are a global cause of mortality and morbidity that affect millions of lives worldwide. Following atherosclerotic plaque rupture, platelet activation and aggregation are the two major elements that initiate thrombus formation inside a coronary artery, which can obstruct blood flow and cause myocardial ischemia; ergo, antiplatelet therapy forms a major part of the treatment strategy for ACS. Patients with ACS routinely receive dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), which consists of aspirin and a platelet P2Y12 inhibitor to both treat and prevent atherothrombosis. Use of platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors is now limited due to the risk of severe bleeding and thrombocytopenia. Thus, administration of GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors is generally restricted to bail out thrombotic events associated with PCI. Furthermore, current antiplatelet medications mainly rely on thromboxane A2 and P2Y12 inhibition, which have broad-acting effects on platelets and are known to cause bleeding, which especially limits the long-term use of these agents. In addition, not all ACS patients treated with current antiplatelet treatments are protected from recurrence of arterial thrombosis, since many platelet mechanisms and activation pathways remain uninhibited by current antiplatelet therapy. Pharmacological antagonism of novel targets involved in platelet function could shape future antiplatelet therapies that could ultimately lead to more effective or safer therapeutic approaches. In this article, we focus on inhibitors of promising targets that have not yet been introduced into clinical practice, including inhibitors of GPVI, protease-activated receptor (PAR)-4, GPIb, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype 2A (5-HT2A), protein disulfide isomerase, P-selectin and phosphoinositide 3-kinase β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz O Alenazy
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark R Thomas
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham, UK.,UHB and SWBH NHS Trusts , Birmingham, UK
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13
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Manu V, Chakrabarty BK, Singh S. Analysis of platelet-activating factors in severe sepsis by flow cytometry and its correlation with clinical sepsis scoring system: A pilot study. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:429-436. [PMID: 31719738 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is a major global healthcare concern. Platelets and leucocytes play a key role in sepsis. Whole blood flow cytometry (FCM) is a powerful new technique for the assessment of leucocyte and platelet parameters and their functional state. In the present study, we have used FCM to examine platelet and leucocyte functions and parameters in sepsis patients. Methods Prospective, non-interventional cohorts of all adult patients with sepsis and history of intensive care unit stay for more than 24 h at mixed surgical- medical ICU were evaluated. The Simplified Acute Physiology Score-3 (SAPS 3) admission score was obtained, and whole blood FCM analysis of select platelets and leukocyte parameters were performed using a combination of monoclonal antibodies in a predefined panel. We also evaluated the correlation between these parameters and the severity of the illness, based on SAPS 3 admission score. Results Total leucocyte count (TLC) was statistically and significantly different between all the study samples, but platelet count was not. SAPS 3 acted as the best discriminant between the study groups. With a cut-off score of 55.5, SAPS 3 score predicted hospital mortality with a sensitivity of 82.8% and a specificity of 83.9%, with an area under receiver operating curves (AUROC) of 0.888 (95% CI = 0.807-0.969, p < 0.000). Parameters for CD62P, platelet-leucocyte aggregates (PLAs) and CD11b showed statistically significant differences between the patients and healthy volunteers. CD62P expression was positively correlated to PLA variables in severe sepsis patients. The median fluorescence intensity was found to be more informative than mean fluorescence intensity. New "62P adhesion index (62P AI)" and "PLA adhesion index" are proposed and is likely to be more informative. Conclusion SAPS 3 score was the most robust of the parameters evaluated. Our study suggest the idea that the incorporation of platelet and leucocyte activation parameters, rather than mere static counts, will add the existing prognostic model though we could not conclusively prove the same in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Manu
- Associate Professor & Head (Pathology), INHS Asvini, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
| | | | - Shivinder Singh
- DyDG, AFMS (P&T), Office of DGAFMS, 'M' Block, Delhi, 110011, India
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Huang Q, Fei X, Li S, Xu C, Tu C, Jiang L, Wo M. Predicting significance of COX-2 expression of peripheral blood monocyte in patients with coronary artery disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:483. [PMID: 31700919 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays an important role in the monocyte-platelet aggregate (MPA)-medicated inflammatory response and possible coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to assess the predicting significance of COX-2 expression in peripheral blood monocyte for CAD. Methods A total of 66 patients with CAD including stable angina (SA) and unstable angina (UA) were enrolled. The inflammatory indexes including white blood cell (WBC) count, high-sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and MPA levels were measured. The western-blotting assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis were used to detect the COX-2 expression in peripheral blood monocytes. Furthermore, the correlation between COX-2 expression and MPA levels, and the association of COX-2 expression with CAD risk were assessed. Results The UA patients demonstrated higher levels of inflammatory indexes than the SA patients (P<0.001). Simultaneously, higher MPA levels and enhanced COX-2 expression were observed in the UA patients (P<0.01). The patients with enhanced COX-2 expression exhibited higher MPA than those without (P<0.01), and patients with increased MPA also demonstrated enhanced COX-2 expression (P<0.001). Moreover, the levels of COX-2 protein expression was positively related to the MPA formation rates (R2=0.4933, P<0.01), and enhanced COX-2 expression was independently associated with CAD risk [odds ratio (OR): 6.322, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.544-8.978 ]. Conclusions The COX-2 expression of peripheral blood monocytes can be used as an independent predictor for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xianming Fei
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Shengbing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Jiaxing Hospital, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Chan Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Zhongshan Hospital, Hangzhou 330106, China
| | - Chunping Tu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanxun People's Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou 313009, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mingyi Wo
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
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15
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Xiang Q, Pang X, Liu Z, Yang G, Tao W, Pei Q, Cui Y. Progress in the development of antiplatelet agents: Focus on the targeted molecular pathway from bench to clinic. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 203:107393. [PMID: 31356909 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Antiplatelet drugs serve as a first-line antithrombotic therapy for the management of acute ischemic events and the prevention of secondary complications in vascular diseases. Numerous antiplatelet therapies have been developed; however, currently available agents are still associated with inadequate efficacy, risk of bleeding, and variability in individual response. Understanding the mechanisms of platelet involvement in thrombosis and the clinical development process of antiplatelet agents is critical for the discovery of novel agents. The functions of platelets in thrombosis are regulated by two major mechanisms: the interaction between surface receptors and their ligands, and the downstream intracellular signaling pathways. Recently, most of the progress made in antiplatelet drug development has been achieved with P2Y receptor antagonists. Additionally, the usage of GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists has decreased, because it is associated with a higher risk of bleeding and thrombocytopenia. Agents targeting other platelet surface receptors such as PARs, TP receptor, EP3 receptor, GPIb-IX-V receptor, P-selectin, as well as intracellular signaling factors, such as PI3Kβ, have been evaluated in an attempt to develop the next generation of antiplatelet drugs, reduce or eliminate interpatient variability of drug efficacy and significantly lower the risk of drug-induced bleeding. The aim of this review is to describe the pathways of platelet activation in thrombosis, and summarize the development process of antiplatelet agents, as well as the preclinical and clinical evaluations performed on these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiaocong Pang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Zhenming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guoping Yang
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Research Center of Drug Clinical Evaluation of Central South University, 138 TongZiPo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Weikang Tao
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Research Center of Drug Clinical Evaluation of Central South University, 138 TongZiPo Road, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Qi Pei
- Shanghai Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., 279 Wenjing Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China.
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Papain Ameliorates the MPAs Formation-Mediated Activation of Monocytes by Inhibiting Cox-2 Expression via Regulating the MAPKs and PI3K/Akt Signal Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3632084. [PMID: 30410927 PMCID: PMC6206584 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3632084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes activation and subsequent inflammatory response mediated by monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPAs) formation play the key roles in the early pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). Exploration of novel drugs to ameliorate MPAs formation-mediated monocytes activation would be helpful for the treatment of AS patients. Papain has definite pharmacological effects including antiplatelet, thrombolysis, and anti-inflammation. However, its effect on MPAs formation and the following monocytes activation remains vague. This study aimed to illustrate the underlying mechanisms of papain on MPAs formation-initiated monocytes activation in vitro. In this study, Papain, Cox-2 inhibitor (NS-398), and NF-κB agonist (TNF-α) were used as the treating agents, respectively. MPAs formation and activated monocytes were measured by flow cytometry (FCM). Cox-2 mRNA, MCP-1, and proteins of Cox-2 and NF-κB signal pathway were detected by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and western blotting, respectively. As we observed, papain exhibited the powerful inhibitory effects on thrombin-mediated MPAs formation and monocytes activation in a concentration-dependent manner as what Cox-2 inhibitor demonstrated. However, the inhibitory tendency was significantly reversed by TNF-α. We also discovered that both Cox-2 mRNA and protein expression as well as the release of MCP-1 of monocyte was inhibited by either papain or NS-398, but TNF-α stimulated Cox-2 expression and release of MCP-1. The results of western blotting assay indicated that thrombin-mediated proteins expression of MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signal pathway was inhibited by papain and NS-398. However, TNF-α notably abated the inhibitory effects of papain on the process of MPAs-initiated monocytes activation. Our findings suggest that papain can inhibit the MPAs formation-mediated activation of monocytes by inhibiting the MAPKs and PI3K/Akt signal pathway.
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Raque VJX, Carlos SGJ, Eduardo RR, Rafael BH, Ángeles RTMDL, Adriana RC, Honorio TA, José BA, Roberto ARS. Modification of immunological features in human platelets during sepsis. Immunol Invest 2017; 47:196-211. [DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2017.1413113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valle-Jiménez Xareni Raque
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Medicine and Surgery Faculty, Autonomous University ‘‘Benito Juárez’’ of Oaxaca, Oaxaca City, México
- Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Baltierrez-Hoyos Rafael
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Medicine and Surgery Faculty, Autonomous University ‘‘Benito Juárez’’ of Oaxaca, Oaxaca City, México
| | | | - Ramírez-Cosmes Adriana
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Medicine and Surgery Faculty, Autonomous University ‘‘Benito Juárez’’ of Oaxaca, Oaxaca City, México
| | - Torres-Aguilar Honorio
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Medicine and Surgery Faculty, Autonomous University ‘‘Benito Juárez’’ of Oaxaca, Oaxaca City, México
- Chemical Sciences Faculty, Autonomous University ‘‘Benito Juárez’’, Oaxaca City, Mexico
| | - Bustos-Arriaga José
- Laboratory of molecular biology and immunology of arboviruses, Biomedicine Unit, School of Higher Studies-Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Aguilar-Ruiz Sergio Roberto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Medicine and Surgery Faculty, Autonomous University ‘‘Benito Juárez’’ of Oaxaca, Oaxaca City, México
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Patel MS, Miranda-Nieves D, Chen J, Haller CA, Chaikof EL. Targeting P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1/P-selectin interactions as a novel therapy for metabolic syndrome. Transl Res 2017; 183:1-13. [PMID: 28034759 PMCID: PMC5393932 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-induced insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome continue to pose an important public health challenge worldwide as they significantly increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Advances in the pathophysiologic understanding of this process has identified that chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role. In this regard, given that both animal models and human studies have demonstrated that the interaction of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) with P-selectin is not only critical for normal immune response but also is upregulated in the setting of metabolic syndrome, PSGL-1/P-selectin interactions provide a novel target for preventing and treating resultant disease. Current approaches of interfering with PSGL-1/P-selectin interactions include targeted antibodies, recombinant immunoglobulins that competitively bind P-selectin, and synthetic molecular therapies. Experimental models as well as clinical trials assessing the role of these modalities in a variety of diseases have continued to contribute to the understanding of PSGL-1/P-selectin interactions and have demonstrated the difficulty in creating clinically relevant therapeutics. Most recently, however, computational simulations have further enhanced our understanding of the structural features of PSGL-1 and related glycomimetics, which are responsible for high-affinity selectin interactions. Leveraging these insights for the design of next generation agents has thus led to development of a promising synthetic method for generating PSGL-1 glycosulfopeptide mimetics for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar S Patel
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - David Miranda-Nieves
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Carolyn A Haller
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Mass; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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Du W, Wu PF, Qing LM, Wang CY, Liang JY, Yu F, Tang JY. Systemic and flap inflammatory response associates with thrombosis in flap venous crisis. Inflammation 2015; 38:298-304. [PMID: 25448261 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-0033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Venous crisis represents the most common complication in flap surgery and often results in flap failure. The gold standard for free flap monitoring is frequent clinical examination. The current study examined the systemic inflammatory response during the immediate post-operative period following flap venous crisis. Superficial epigastric artery perforator flap transplantation was performed in a total of 30 rabbits. Fifteen animals received venous obstruction by vein ligation (venous crisis group, n = 15) and others were sham treated (control group, n = 15). Venous thrombosis was examined by immunohistochemistry staining. Plasma levels of inflammatory response markers (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and C-reactive protein) and thrombosis biomarkers (von Willebrand factor and tissue factor) were measured at 0, 2, and 4 h post-operation by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA levels of relevant biomarkers in the flap were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR. Flap histopathological examination showed erythrocyte and neutrophil aggregations in venous lumen and erythrocyte diapedesis. At 8 h post-operation, serious edema and fibrinoid necrosis were observed and the venous lumen was almost blocked by thrombus. The venous crisis group had higher plasma levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and thrombosis biomarkers. Vein ligation also increased the mRNA levels of IL-8, TNF-α, C-reactive protein, von Willebrand factor, and tissue factor in the flap. No significant change in IL-6 levels was observed between the control group and the venous crisis group. Flap venous crisis was accompanied by the increase in a number of inflammatory and thrombosis markers, both in the peripheral blood and the flaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- Department of Hand Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China
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20
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Ed Rainger G, Chimen M, Harrison MJ, Yates CM, Harrison P, Watson SP, Lordkipanidzé M, Nash GB. The role of platelets in the recruitment of leukocytes during vascular disease. Platelets 2015. [PMID: 26196409 PMCID: PMC4673595 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2015.1064881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Besides their role in the formation of thrombus during haemostasis, it is becoming clear that platelets contribute to a number of other processes within the vasculature. Indeed, the integrated function of the thrombotic and inflammatory systems, which results in platelet-mediated recruitment of leukocytes, is now considered to be of great importance in the propagation, progression and pathogenesis of atherosclerotic disease of the arteries. There are three scenarios by which platelets can interact with leukocytes: (1) during haemostasis, when platelets adhere to and are activated on sub-endothelial matrix proteins exposed by vascular damage and then recruit leukocytes to a growing thrombus. (2) Platelets adhere to and are activated on stimulated endothelial cells and then bridge blood borne leukocytes to the vessel wall and. (3) Adhesion between platelets and leukocytes occurs in the blood leading to formation of heterotypic aggregates prior to contact with endothelial cells. In the following review we will not discuss leukocyte recruitment during haemostasis, as this represents a physiological response to tissue trauma that can progress, at least in its early stages, in the absence of inflammation. Rather we will deal with scenarios 2 and 3, as these pathways of platelet–leukocyte interactions are important during inflammation and in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. Indeed, these interactions mean that leukocytes possess means of adhesion to the vessel wall under conditions that may not normally be permissive of leukocyte–endothelial cell adhesion, meaning that the disease process may be able to bypass the regulatory pathways which would ordinarily moderate the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ed Rainger
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, The Medical School, The University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK and
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21
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Lin WL, Guu SY, Tsai CC, Prakash E, Viswaraman M, Chen HB, Chang CF. Derivation of Cinnamon Blocks Leukocyte Attachment by Interacting with Sialosides. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130389. [PMID: 26076445 PMCID: PMC4468131 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecules derived from cinnamon have demonstrated diverse pharmacological activities against infectious pathogens, diabetes and inflammatory diseases. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the cinnamon-derived molecule IND02 on the adhesion of leukocytes to host cells. The anti-inflammatory ability of IND02, a pentameric procyanidin type A polyphenol polymer isolated from cinnamon alcohol extract, was examined. Pretreatment with IND02 significantly reduced the attachment of THP-1 cells or neutrophils to TNF-α-activated HUVECs or E-selectin/ICAM-1, respectively. IND02 also reduced the binding of E-, L- and P-selectins with sialosides. Furthermore, IND02 could agglutinate human red blood cells (RBC), and the agglutination could be disrupted by sialylated glycoprotein. Our findings demonstrate that IND02, a cinnamon-derived compound, can interact with sialosides and block the binding of selectins and leukocytes with sialic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ling Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yun Guu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Chuan Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Hsing-Bao Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Fa Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Krishnamurthy VR, Sardar MYR, Ying Y, Song X, Haller C, Dai E, Wang X, Hanjaya-Putra D, Sun L, Morikis V, Simon SI, Woods RJ, Cummings RD, Chaikof EL. Glycopeptide analogues of PSGL-1 inhibit P-selectin in vitro and in vivo. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6387. [PMID: 25824568 PMCID: PMC4423566 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Blockade of P-selectin/PSGL-1 interactions holds significant potential for treatment of disorders of innate immunity, thrombosis, and cancer. Current inhibitors remain limited due to low binding affinity or by the recognized disadvantages inherent to chronic administration of antibody therapeutics. Here we report an efficient approach for generating glycosulfopeptide mimics of N-terminal PSGL-1 through development of a stereoselective route for multi-gram scale synthesis of the C2 O-glycan building block and replacement of hydrolytically labile tyrosine sulfates with isosteric sulfonate analogs. Library screening afforded a compound of exceptional stability, GSnP-6, that binds to human P-selectin with nanomolar affinity (Kd ~ 22 nM). Molecular dynamics simulation defines the origin of this affinity in terms of a number of critical structural contributions. GSnP-6 potently blocks P-selectin/PSGL-1 interactions in vitro and in vivo and represents a promising candidate for the treatment of diseases driven by acute and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata R Krishnamurthy
- 1] Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mohammed Y R Sardar
- 1] Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Yu Ying
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Xuezheng Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Carolyn Haller
- 1] Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Erbin Dai
- 1] Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Xiaocong Wang
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Donny Hanjaya-Putra
- 1] Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Vasilios Morikis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Scott I Simon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Robert J Woods
- 1] Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA [2] School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- 1] Department of Surgery, Center for Drug Discovery and Translational Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 110 Francis Street, Suite 9F, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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23
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von Hundelshausen P, Schmitt MMN. Platelets and their chemokines in atherosclerosis-clinical applications. Front Physiol 2014; 5:294. [PMID: 25152735 PMCID: PMC4126210 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of platelets as important players in the process of atherogenesis has become increasingly accepted due to accumulating experimental and clinical evidence. Despite the progress in understanding the molecular details of atherosclerosis, particularly by using animal models, the inflammatory and thrombotic roles of activated platelet s especially in the human system remain difficult to dissect, as often only the complications of atherosclerosis, i.e., stroke and myocardial infarction are definable but not the plaque burden. Platelet indices including platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) and soluble mediators released by activated platelets are associated with atherosclerosis. The chemokine CXCL4 has multiple atherogenic activities, e.g., altering the differentiation of T cells and macrophages by inhibiting neutrophil and monocyte apoptosis and by increasing the uptake of oxLDL and synergizing with CCL5. CCL5 is released and deposited on endothelium by activated platelets thereby triggering atherogenic monocyte recruitment, which can be attenuated by blocking the corresponding chemokine receptor CCR5. Atheroprotective and plaque stabilizing properties are attributed to CXCL12, which plays an important role in regenerative processes by attracting progenitor cells. Its release from luminal attached platelets accelerates endothelial healing after injury. Platelet surface molecules GPIIb/IIIa, GP1bα, P-selectin, JAM-A and the CD40/CD40L dyade are crucially involved in the interaction with endothelial cells, leukocytes and matrix molecules affecting atherogenesis. Beyond the effects on the arterial inflammatory infiltrate, platelets affect cholesterol metabolism by binding, modifying and endocytosing LDL particles via their scavenger receptors and contribute to the formation of lipid laden macrophages. Current medical therapies for the prevention of atherosclerotic therapies enable the elucidation of mechanisms linking platelets to inflammation and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Munich, Germany ; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance Munich, Germany
| | - Martin M N Schmitt
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich Munich, Germany
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Montoro-García S, Shantsila E, Hernández-Romero D, Jover E, Valdés M, Marín F, Lip GYH. Small-size platelet microparticles trigger platelet and monocyte functionality and modulate thrombogenesis via P-selectin. Br J Haematol 2014; 166:571-80. [PMID: 24766273 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the mechanisms of cellular activation by small-size platelet microparticles (sPMP) and to present the performance of high-resolution flow cytometry for the analysis of subcellular entities from different origins. Plasma counts of sPMP were analysed in coronary artery disease patients (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 40). The effect of sPMP and platelet debris (PD) in pathophysiologically relevant doses on platelet and monocyte activation parameters and thrombogenesis was investigated via flow cytometry and thromboelastometry. New generation flow cytometry identifies differences in size, levels and surface molecules of sPMP derived in the absence of stimulus, thrombin activation and platelet disruption. Addition of sPMP resulted in platelet degranulation and P-selectin redistribution to the membrane (P = 0·019) in a dose and time-dependent manner. Blood clotting time decreased after addition of sPMP (P = 0·005), but was not affected by PD. Blocking P-selectin (CD62P) in sPMP markedly reverted the effect on thrombus kinetics (P = 0·035). Exposure to sPMP stimulated monocyte expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (P < 0·03) and decreased monocyte interleukin-6 receptor density (P < 0·01). These results implicate sPMP as a direct source of downstream platelet and monocyte activation. In pathological coronary artery disease conditions, higher levels of sPMP favour a prothrombotic state, partly through P-selectin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Montoro-García
- University of Birmingham Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK; Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
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25
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Gomes Quinderé AL, Benevides NMB, Carbone F, Mach F, Vuilleumier N, Montecucco F. Update on selective treatments targeting neutrophilic inflammation in atherogenesis and atherothrombosis. Thromb Haemost 2013; 111:634-46. [PMID: 24285257 DOI: 10.1160/th13-08-0712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common pathological process underlying cardiovascular diseases. Current therapies are largely focused on alleviating hyperlipidaemia and preventing thrombotic complications, but do not completely eliminate risk of suffering recurrent acute ischaemic events. Specifically targeting the inflammatory processes may help to reduce this residual risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in atherosclerotic patients. The involvement of neutrophils in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis is an emerging field, where evidence for their causal contribution during various stages of atherosclerosis is accumulating. Therefore, the identification of neutrophils as a potential therapeutic target may offer new therapeutic perspective to reduce the current atherosclerotic burden. This narrative review highlights the expanding role of neutrophils in atherogenesis and discusses on the potential treatment targeting neutrophil-related inflammation and associated atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Fabrizio Montecucco, MD, PhD, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland, Tel: +41 22 38 27 238, Fax: +41 22 38 27 245, E mail:
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26
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Becker RC. A thought experiment in contemporary drug development: informed bench-to-bedside strategies. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e000031. [PMID: 23525416 PMCID: PMC3603250 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.112.000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Becker
- Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (R.C.B.)
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