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Telles TM, May BM, Pimentel M, Pereira BLDS, Andrades M, Rohde LE, Dos Santos KG. Non‑synonymous polymorphisms in the HRC and ADRB1 genes may be associated with all‑cause death in patients with non‑ischemic heart failure. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:48. [PMID: 38144921 PMCID: PMC10739235 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is an unpredictable and common mode of death in patients with heart failure (HF). Alterations in calcium handling may lead to malignant arrhythmias, resulting in SCD, and variants in calcium signaling-related genes have a significant association with SCD. Therefore, the aim of the present retrospective cohort study was to investigate the association of Ser96Ala [histidine-rich calcium-binding protein (HRC)], Ser49Gly [β1-adrenergic receptor (ADRB1)], Arg389Gly (ADRB1) and Gly1886Ser [ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2)] polymorphisms with serious arrhythmic events and overall mortality in patients with HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction of non-ischemic etiology. In total, 136 patients with HF underwent physical examination, routine laboratory tests, non-invasive assessment of cardiac function and an invasive electrophysiological study. The primary outcome was the occurrence of serious arrhythmic events, set as either SCD or appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy, and the secondary outcome was all-cause death. During a median follow-up of 37 months, arrhythmic events occurred in 26 patients (19%) and 41 patients (30%) died. Patients carrying the Ser allele of the Ser96Ala polymorphism in HRC had worse survival than those with the Ala/Ala genotype (log-rank P=0.043). Despite the difference in survival time, the Ala/Ala genotype was not associated with all-cause death in the regression analysis [unadjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.17; 95% CI, 0.02-1.21]. Regarding the Ser49Gly and Arg389Gly polymorphisms in ADRB1, homozygosity for the major alleles at both sites (Ser49Ser and Arg389Arg) was associated with a two-fold increased risk of all-cause death compared with the other genotype combinations (unadjusted HR=1.98; 95% CI, 1.02-3.82). However, this association was lost after controlling for clinical covariates. No association was observed for the Gly1886Ser polymorphism in RYR2. Overall, the present findings are concurrent with the hypothesis that the Ser96Ala (HRC), Ser49Gly (ADRB1) and Arg389Gly (ADRB1) polymorphisms may be associated with HF prognosis. In particular, the Ser96Ala polymorphism might aid in risk stratification and patient selection for ICD implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanise Machado Telles
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul 92425-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Miers May
- Cardiology Division, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Mauricio Pimentel
- Cardiology Division, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna Letícia Da Silva Pereira
- Cells, Tissues and Genes Laboratory, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Michael Andrades
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo Rohde
- Cardiology Division, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-903, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Kátia Gonçalves Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul 92425-900, Brazil
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Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca 2+ Buffer Proteins: A Focus on the Yet-To-Be-Explored Role of Sarcalumenin in Skeletal Muscle Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050715. [PMID: 36899851 PMCID: PMC10000884 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcalumenin (SAR) is a luminal Ca2+ buffer protein with high capacity but low affinity for calcium binding found predominantly in the longitudinal sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscles and the heart. Together with other luminal Ca2+ buffer proteins, SAR plays a critical role in modulation of Ca2+ uptake and Ca2+ release during excitation-contraction coupling in muscle fibers. SAR appears to be important in a wide range of other physiological functions, such as Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) stabilization, Store-Operated-Calcium-Entry (SOCE) mechanisms, muscle fatigue resistance and muscle development. The function and structural features of SAR are very similar to those of calsequestrin (CSQ), the most abundant and well-characterized Ca2+ buffer protein of junctional SR. Despite the structural and functional similarity, very few targeted studies are available in the literature. The present review provides an overview of the role of SAR in skeletal muscle physiology, as well as of its possible involvement and dysfunction in muscle wasting disorders, in order to summarize the current knowledge on SAR and drive attention to this important but still underinvestigated/neglected protein.
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3
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Fabi M, Chessa MA, Panizza D, Dormi A, Gazzano A, Patrizi A, Bardazzi F, Rocca A, Filice E, Neri I, Lanari M. Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Risk in Children: The Usefulness of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness. Pediatr Cardiol 2022; 43:1462-1470. [PMID: 35316356 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-022-02869-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a skin disorder which mostly affects adults, beginning in childhood in almost one-third of patients. In adults it is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), while this association is still debated at younger age. Our aim was to evaluate the association between psoriasis and metabolic markers and cardiovascular findings in this age group. Twenty consecutive patients previously diagnosed with psoriasis (group A) were enrolled and compared with healthy non- psoriatic age- and sex-matched subjects (group B). The severity of the disease, CV risk factors, including anthropometric data with adiposity and its distribution, blood pressure (BP), laboratory metabolic tests, echocardiography and vascular ultrasound (transcranial echo-Doppler and carotid artery echo-Doppler with carotid intima-media thickness, cIMT) were performed for each subject. Personal history for CV risk, BP, anthropometric data were similar between the two groups, while familiar history for psoriasis was more frequent in group A (p < 0.02). C-IMT was significantly higher in group A compared to B (right, p = 0.001; left, p = 0.002). In addition, c-IMT was positively correlated with disease duration, triglycerides and triglycerides/glucose. Cerebral flow velocities, cardiac measurements, systo-diastolic function, ventricle geometry and mass were normal and comparable between the two groups, and did not correlate with CV risk factors. In childhood psoriasis c-IMT could represent a marker of pre-clinical cardiovascular involvement and contribute to start a personalized management, while cardiac findings seem to be normal in the early stage of disease. Longitudinal studies can clarify the progression of CV involvement in paediatric-onset psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Fabi
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 11, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco A Chessa
- Dermatology Division, Department of Specialistic, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), IRCCS University Hospital of Bologna S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Panizza
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 11, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Ada Dormi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Gazzano
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 11, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Patrizi
- Dermatology Division, Department of Specialistic, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), IRCCS University Hospital of Bologna S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Bardazzi
- Dermatology Division, Department of Specialistic, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), IRCCS University Hospital of Bologna S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rocca
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 11, Bologna, Italy
| | - Emanuele Filice
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 11, Bologna, Italy
| | - Iria Neri
- Dermatology Division, Department of Specialistic, Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine (DIMES), IRCCS University Hospital of Bologna S. Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcello Lanari
- Pediatric Emergency Unit, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS), Sant'Orsola University Hospital, Via Massarenti, 11, Bologna, Italy
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4
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Impaired Right Ventricular Calcium Cycling Is an Early Risk Factor in R14del-Phospholamban Arrhythmias. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060502. [PMID: 34204946 PMCID: PMC8226909 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The inherited mutation (R14del) in the calcium regulatory protein phospholamban (PLN) is linked to malignant ventricular arrhythmia with poor prognosis starting at adolescence. However, the underlying early mechanisms that may serve as prognostic factors remain elusive. This study generated humanized mice in which the endogenous gene was replaced with either human wild type or R14del-PLN and addressed the early molecular and cellular pathogenic mechanisms. R14del-PLN mice exhibited stress-induced impairment of atrioventricular conduction, and prolongation of both ventricular activation and repolarization times in association with ventricular tachyarrhythmia, originating from the right ventricle (RV). Most of these distinct electrocardiographic features were remarkably similar to those in R14del-PLN patients. Studies in isolated cardiomyocytes revealed RV-specific calcium defects, including prolonged action potential duration, depressed calcium kinetics and contractile parameters, and elevated diastolic Ca-levels. Ca-sparks were also higher although SR Ca-load was reduced. Accordingly, stress conditions induced after contractions, and inclusion of the CaMKII inhibitor KN93 reversed this proarrhythmic parameter. Compensatory responses included altered expression of key genes associated with Ca-cycling. These data suggest that R14del-PLN cardiomyopathy originates with RV-specific impairment of Ca-cycling and point to the urgent need to improve risk stratification in asymptomatic carriers to prevent fatal arrhythmias and delay cardiomyopathy onset.
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Kumar M, Haghighi K, Kranias EG, Sadayappan S. Phosphorylation of cardiac myosin-binding protein-C contributes to calcium homeostasis. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11275-11291. [PMID: 32554466 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac myosin-binding protein-C (cMyBP-C) is highly phosphorylated under basal conditions. However, its phosphorylation level is decreased in individuals with heart failure. The necessity of cMyBP-C phosphorylation for proper contractile function is well-established, but the physiological and pathological consequences of decreased cMyBP-C phosphorylation in the heart are not clear. Herein, using intact adult cardiomyocytes from mouse models expressing phospho-ablated (AAA) and phosphomimetic (DDD) cMyBP-C as well as controls, we found that cMyBP-C dephosphorylation is sufficient to reduce contractile parameters and calcium kinetics associated with prolonged decay time of the calcium transient and increased diastolic calcium levels. Isoproterenol stimulation reversed the depressive contractile and Ca2+-kinetic parameters. Moreover, caffeine-induced calcium release yielded no difference between AAA/DDD and controls in calcium content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. On the other hand, sodium-calcium exchanger function and phosphorylation levels of calcium-handling proteins were significantly decreased in AAA hearts compared with controls. Stress conditions caused increases in both spontaneous aftercontractions in AAA cardiomyocytes and the incidence of arrhythmias in vivo compared with the controls. Treatment with omecamtiv mecarbil, a positive cardiac inotropic drug, rescued the contractile deficit in AAA cardiomyocytes, but not the calcium-handling abnormalities. These findings indicate a cascade effect whereby cMyBP-C dephosphorylation causes contractile defects, which then lead to calcium-cycling abnormalities, resulting in aftercontractions and increased incidence of cardiac arrhythmias under stress conditions. We conclude that improvement of contractile deficits alone without improving calcium handling may be insufficient for effective management of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohit Kumar
- Heart, Lung, and Vascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kobra Haghighi
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Heart, Lung, and Vascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA .,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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6
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Bonilla IM, Belevych AE, Baine S, Stepanov A, Mezache L, Bodnar T, Liu B, Volpe P, Priori S, Weisleder N, Sakuta G, Carnes CA, Radwański PB, Veeraraghavan R, Gyorke S. Enhancement of Cardiac Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) within Novel Intercalated Disk Microdomains in Arrhythmic Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10179. [PMID: 31308393 PMCID: PMC6629850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46427-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), a major Ca2+ signaling mechanism in non-myocyte cells, has recently emerged as a component of Ca2+ signaling in cardiac myocytes. Though it has been reported to play a role in cardiac arrhythmias and to be upregulated in cardiac disease, little is known about the fundamental properties of cardiac SOCE, its structural underpinnings or effector targets. An even greater question is how SOCE interacts with canonical excitation-contraction coupling (ECC). We undertook a multiscale structural and functional investigation of SOCE in cardiac myocytes from healthy mice (wild type; WT) and from a genetic murine model of arrhythmic disease (catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia; CPVT). Here we provide the first demonstration of local, transient Ca2+ entry (LoCE) events, which comprise cardiac SOCE. Although infrequent in WT myocytes, LoCEs occurred with greater frequency and amplitude in CPVT myocytes. CPVT myocytes also evidenced characteristic arrhythmogenic spontaneous Ca2+ waves under cholinergic stress, which were effectively prevented by SOCE inhibition. In a surprising finding, we report that both LoCEs and their underlying protein machinery are concentrated at the intercalated disk (ID). Therefore, localization of cardiac SOCE in the ID compartment has important implications for SOCE-mediated signaling, arrhythmogenesis and intercellular mechanical and electrical coupling in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid M Bonilla
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andriy E Belevych
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stephen Baine
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrei Stepanov
- Laboratory of Cell Pathology, Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Louisa Mezache
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tom Bodnar
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Pompeo Volpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Priori
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Galina Sakuta
- Laboratory of Cell Pathology, Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Cynthia A Carnes
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Przemysław B Radwański
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rengasayee Veeraraghavan
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Sandor Gyorke
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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7
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Amioka M, Nakano Y, Ochi H, Onohara Y, Sairaku A, Tokuyama T, Motoda C, Matsumura H, Tomomori S, Hironobe N, Okubo Y, Okamura S, Chayama K, Kihara Y. Ser96Ala genetic variant of the human histidine-rich calcium-binding protein is a genetic predictor of recurrence after catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213208. [PMID: 30840693 PMCID: PMC6402671 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) still remains a serious issue. Ca2+ handling has a considerable effect on AF recurrence. The histidine-rich calcium-binding protein (HRC) genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs3745297 (T>G, Ser96Ala), is known to cause a sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak. We investigated the association between HRC Ser96Ala and AF recurrence after RFCA in paroxysmal AF (PAF) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled PAF patients who underwent RFCA (N = 334 for screening and N = 245 for replication) and were genotyped for HRC SNP (rs3745297). The patient age was younger and rate of diabetes and hypertension lower in the PAF patients with Ser96Ala than in those without (TT/TG/GG, 179/120/35; 64±10/60±12/59±13 y, P = 0.001; 18.5/ 9.2/8.6%, P = 0.04 and 66.1/50.0/37.1%, P = 0.001, respectively). During a mean 19 month follow-up, 57 (17.1%) patients suffered from AF recurrences. The rate of an Ser96Ala was significantly higher in patients with AF recurrence than in those without in the screening set (allele frequency model: odds ratio [OR], 1.80; P = 0.006). We also confirmed this significant association in the replication set (OR 1.74; P = 0.03) and combination (P = 0.0008). A multivariate analysis revealed that the AF duration, sinus node dysfunction, and HRC Ser96Ala were independent predictors of an AF recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 1.04, P = 0.037; HR 2.42, P = 0.018; and HR 2.66, P = 0.007, respectively). CONCLUSION HRC SNP Ser96Ala is important as a new genetic marker of AF recurrence after RFCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michitaka Amioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nakano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Yuko Onohara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akinori Sairaku
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takehito Tokuyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chikaaki Motoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroya Matsumura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tomomori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naoya Hironobe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yousaku Okubo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sho Okamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuki Kihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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8
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Pollak AJ, Liu C, Gudlur A, Mayfield JE, Dalton ND, Gu Y, Chen J, Heller Brown J, Hogan PG, Wiley SE, Peterson KL, Dixon JE. A secretory pathway kinase regulates sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ homeostasis and protects against heart failure. eLife 2018; 7:41378. [PMID: 30520731 PMCID: PMC6298778 DOI: 10.7554/elife.41378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling is important for many cellular and physiological processes, including cardiac function. Although sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) proteins involved in Ca2+ signaling have been shown to be phosphorylated, the biochemical and physiological roles of protein phosphorylation within the lumen of the SR remain essentially uncharacterized. Our laboratory recently identified an atypical protein kinase, Fam20C, which is uniquely localized to the secretory pathway lumen. Here, we show that Fam20C phosphorylates several SR proteins involved in Ca2+ signaling, including calsequestrin2 and Stim1, whose biochemical activities are dramatically regulated by Fam20C mediated phosphorylation. Notably, phosphorylation of Stim1 by Fam20C enhances Stim1 activation and store-operated Ca2+ entry. Physiologically, mice with Fam20c ablated in cardiomyocytes develop heart failure following either aging or induced pressure overload. We extended these observations to show that non-muscle cells lacking Fam20C display altered ER Ca2+ signaling. Overall, we show that Fam20C plays an overarching role in ER/SR Ca2+ homeostasis and cardiac pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Pollak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Canzhao Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Aparna Gudlur
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, United States
| | - Joshua E Mayfield
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Nancy D Dalton
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Yusu Gu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Ju Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Patrick G Hogan
- Division of Signaling and Gene Expression, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, United States.,Program in Immunology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States.,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Sandra E Wiley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Kirk L Peterson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Jack E Dixon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
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9
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Arvanitis DA, Vafiadaki E, Johnson DM, Kranias EG, Sanoudou D. The Histidine-Rich Calcium Binding Protein in Regulation of Cardiac Rhythmicity. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1379. [PMID: 30319456 PMCID: PMC6171002 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sudden unexpected cardiac death (SCD) accounts for up to half of all-cause mortality of heart failure patients. Standardized cardiology tools such as electrocardiography, cardiac imaging, electrophysiological and serum biomarkers cannot accurately predict which patients are at risk of life-threatening arrhythmic episodes. Recently, a common variant of the histidine-rich calcium binding protein (HRC), the Ser96Ala, was identified as a potent biomarker of malignant arrhythmia triggering in these patients. HRC has been shown to be involved in the regulation of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ cycling, by binding and storing Ca2+ in the SR, as well as interacting with the SR Ca2+ uptake and release complexes. The underlying mechanisms, elucidated by studies at the molecular, biochemical, cellular and intact animal levels, indicate that transversion of Ser96 to Ala results in abolishment of an HRC phosphorylation site by Fam20C kinase and dysregulation of SR Ca2+ cycling. This is mediated through aberrant SR Ca2+ release by the ryanodine receptor (RyR2) quaternary complex, due to the impaired HRC/triadin interaction, and depressed SR Ca2+ uptake by the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2) pump, due to the impaired HRC/SERCA2 interaction. Pharmacological intervention with KN-93, an inhibitor of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), in the HRC Ser96Ala mouse model, reduced the occurrence of malignant cardiac arrhythmias. Herein, we summarize the current evidence on the pivotal role of HRC in the regulation of cardiac rhythmicity and the importance of HRC Ser96Ala as a genetic modifier for arrhythmias in the setting of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrios A Arvanitis
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Vafiadaki
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Daniel M Johnson
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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10
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Tzimas C, Johnson DM, Santiago DJ, Vafiadaki E, Arvanitis DA, Davos CH, Varela A, Athanasiadis NC, Dimitriou C, Katsimpoulas M, Sonntag S, Kryzhanovska M, Shmerling D, Lehnart SE, Sipido KR, Kranias EG, Sanoudou D. Impaired calcium homeostasis is associated with sudden cardiac death and arrhythmias in a genetic equivalent mouse model of the human HRC-Ser96Ala variant. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 113:1403-1417. [PMID: 28859293 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The histidine-rich calcium-binding protein (HRC) Ser96Ala variant has previously been identified as a potential biomarker for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Herein, the role of this variant in cardiac pathophysiology is delineated through a novel mouse model, carrying the human mutation in the homologous mouse position. Methods and results The mouse HRC serine 81, homologous to human HRC serine 96, was mutated to alanine, using knock-in gene targeting. The HRC-Ser81Ala mice presented increased mortality in the absence of structural or histological abnormalities, indicating that early death may be arrhythmia-related. Indeed, under stress-but not baseline-conditions, the HRC-Ser81Ala mice developed ventricular arrhythmias, whilst at the cardiomyocyte level they exhibited increased occurrence of triggered activity. Cardiac contraction was decreased in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. Additionally, Ca2+ transients and SR Ca2+ load were both reduced suggesting that cytosolic Ca2+ overload is not the underlying proarrhythmic mechanism. Interestingly, total SR Ca2+ leak was increased in HRC-Ser81Ala cardiomyocytes, without an increase in Ca2+ spark and wave frequency. However, Ca2+ wave propagation was significantly slower and the duration of the associated Na/Ca exchange current was increased. Moreover, action potential duration was also increased. Notably, Ca2+/Calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor was increased, whilst KN-93, an inhibitor of CaMKII, reduced the occurrence of arrhythmias. Conclusions The homologous mutation Ser81Ala in HRC in mice, corresponding to Ser96Ala in humans, is associated with sudden death and depressed cardiac function. Ventricular arrhythmias are related to abnormal Ca2+ cycling across the SR. The data further support a role for CaMKII with the perspective to treat arrhythmias through CaMKII inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tzimas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Daniel M Johnson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Elizabeth Vafiadaki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Arvanitis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos H Davos
- Department of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aimilia Varela
- Department of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos C Athanasiadis
- Department of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Constantinos Dimitriou
- Department of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michalis Katsimpoulas
- Department of Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Center, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Department of Cardiology and Pulmonology, Heart Research Center Goettingen, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, 115 27, Athens, Greece.,Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Soranou Efessiou 4, 115 27, Athens, Greece.,4th Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Rimini 1, Chaidari 124 62, Greece
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11
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Patel V, Singh VP, Pinnamaneni JP, Sanagasetti D, Olive J, Mathison M, Cooney A, Flores ER, Crystal RG, Yang J, Rosengart TK. p63 Silencing induces reprogramming of cardiac fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 156:556-565.e1. [PMID: 29716728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.03.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reprogramming of fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocytes represents a potential new therapy for heart failure. We hypothesized that inactivation of p63, a p53 gene family member, may help overcome human cell resistance to reprogramming. METHODS p63 Knockout (-/-) and knockdown murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), p63-/- adult murine cardiac fibroblasts, and human cardiac fibroblasts were assessed for cardiomyocyte-specific feature changes, with or without treatment by the cardiac transcription factors Hand2-Myocardin (HM). RESULTS Flow cytometry revealed that a significantly greater number of p63-/- MEFs expressed the cardiac-specific marker cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in culture compared with wild-type (WT) cells (38% ± 11% vs 0.9% ± 0.9%, P < .05). HM treatment of p63-/- MEFs increased cTnT expression to 74% ± 3% of cells but did not induce cTnT expression in wild-type murine embryonic fibroblasts. shRNA-mediated p63 knockdown likewise yielded a 20-fold increase in cTnT microRNA expression compared with untreated MEFs. Adult murine cardiac fibroblasts demonstrated a 200-fold increase in cTnT gene expression after inducible p63 knockout and expressed sarcomeric α-actinin as well as cTnT. These p63-/- adult cardiac fibroblasts exhibited calcium transients and electrically stimulated contractions when co-cultured with neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and treated with HM. Increased expression of cTnT and other marker genes was also observed in p63 knockdown human cardiac fibroblasts procured from patients undergoing procedures for heart failure. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of p63 facilitates direct cardiac cellular reprogramming and may help overcome the resistance of human cells to reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivekkumar Patel
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Vivek P Singh
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | | | - Deepthi Sanagasetti
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Jacqueline Olive
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Megumi Mathison
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Austin Cooney
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, Tex
| | - Elsa R Flores
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Fla
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Todd K Rosengart
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
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12
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Abstract
Although the mechanism of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in heart failure is not completely known, genetic variations are known to play key roles in this process. Increasing numbers of mutations and variants are being discovered through genome-wide association studies. The genetic variations involved in the mechanisms of SCD have aroused widespread concern. Comprehensive understanding of the genetic variations involved in SCD may help prevent it. To this end, we briefly reviewed the genetic variations involved in SCD and their associations and interactions, and observed that cardiac ion channels are the core molecules involved in this process. Genetic variations involved in cardiac structure, cardiogenesis and development, cell division and differentiation, and DNA replication and transcription are all speculated to be loci involved in SCD. Additionally, the systems involved in neurohumoral regulation as well as substance and energy metabolism are also potentially responsible for susceptibility to SCD. They form an elaborate network and mutually interact with each other to govern the fate of SCD-susceptible individuals.
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13
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Chandran V, Gao K, Swarup V, Versano R, Dong H, Jordan MC, Geschwind DH. Inducible and reversible phenotypes in a novel mouse model of Friedreich's Ataxia. eLife 2017; 6:e30054. [PMID: 29257745 PMCID: PMC5736353 DOI: 10.7554/elife.30054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), the most common inherited ataxia, is caused by recessive mutations that reduce the levels of frataxin (FXN), a mitochondrial iron binding protein. We developed an inducible mouse model of Fxn deficiency that enabled us to control the onset and progression of disease phenotypes by the modulation of Fxn levels. Systemic knockdown of Fxn in adult mice led to multiple phenotypes paralleling those observed in human patients across multiple organ systems. By reversing knockdown after clinical features appear, we were able to determine to what extent observed phenotypes represent reversible cellular dysfunction. Remarkably, upon restoration of near wild-type FXN levels, we observed significant recovery of function, associated pathology and transcriptomic dysregulation even after substantial motor dysfunction and pathology were observed. This model will be of broad utility in therapeutic development and in refining our understanding of the relative contribution of reversible cellular dysfunction at different stages in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayendran Chandran
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Kun Gao
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Vivek Swarup
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Revital Versano
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Hongmei Dong
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Maria C Jordan
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesUnited States
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14
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Pollak AJ, Haghighi K, Kunduri S, Arvanitis DA, Bidwell PA, Liu GS, Singh VP, Gonzalez DJ, Sanoudou D, Wiley SE, Dixon JE, Kranias EG. Phosphorylation of serine96 of histidine-rich calcium-binding protein by the Fam20C kinase functions to prevent cardiac arrhythmia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:9098-9103. [PMID: 28784772 PMCID: PMC5576816 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1706441114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise Ca cycling through the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), a Ca storage organelle, is critical for proper cardiac muscle function. This cycling initially involves SR release of Ca via the ryanodine receptor, which is regulated by its interacting proteins junctin and triadin. The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA) pump then refills SR Ca stores. Histidine-rich Ca-binding protein (HRC) resides in the lumen of the SR, where it contributes to the regulation of Ca cycling by protecting stressed or failing hearts. The common Ser96Ala human genetic variant of HRC strongly correlates with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. However, the underlying molecular pathways of this disease remain undefined. Here, we demonstrate that family with sequence similarity 20C (Fam20C), a recently characterized protein kinase in the secretory pathway, phosphorylates HRC on Ser96. HRC Ser96 phosphorylation was confirmed in cells and human hearts. Furthermore, a Ser96Asp HRC variant, which mimics constitutive phosphorylation of Ser96, diminished delayed aftercontractions in HRC null cardiac myocytes. This HRC phosphomimetic variant was also able to rescue the aftercontractions elicited by the Ser96Ala variant, demonstrating that phosphorylation of Ser96 is critical for the cardioprotective function of HRC. Phosphorylation of HRC on Ser96 regulated the interactions of HRC with both triadin and SERCA2a, suggesting a unique mechanism for regulation of SR Ca homeostasis. This demonstration of the role of Fam20C-dependent phosphorylation in heart disease will open new avenues for potential therapeutic approaches against arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Pollak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Kobra Haghighi
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Swati Kunduri
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Demetrios A Arvanitis
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Philip A Bidwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Vivek P Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - David J Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon Hospital-Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Sandra E Wiley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Jack E Dixon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267;
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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15
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Singh VP, Mathison M, Patel V, Sanagasetti D, Gibson BW, Yang J, Rosengart TK. MiR-590 Promotes Transdifferentiation of Porcine and Human Fibroblasts Toward a Cardiomyocyte-Like Fate by Directly Repressing Specificity Protein 1. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e003922. [PMID: 27930352 PMCID: PMC5210349 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reprogramming of cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocyte-like cells represents a promising potential new therapy for treating heart disease, inducing significant improvements in postinfarct ventricular function in rodent models. Because reprogramming factors effective in transdifferentiating rodent cells are not sufficient to reprogram human cells, we sought to identify reprogramming factors potentially applicable to human studies. METHODS AND RESULTS Lentivirus vectors expressing Gata4, Mef2c, and Tbx5 (GMT); Hand2 (H), Myocardin (My), or microRNA (miR)-590 were administered to rat, porcine, and human cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. induced cardiomyocyte-like cell production was then evaluated by assessing expression of the cardiomyocyte marker, cardiac troponin T (cTnT), whereas signaling pathway studies were performed to identify reprogramming factor targets. GMT administration induced cTnT expression in ≈6% of rat fibroblasts, but failed to induce cTnT expression in porcine or human cardiac fibroblasts. Addition of H/My and/or miR-590 to GMT administration resulted in cTNT expression in ≈5% of porcine and human fibroblasts and also upregulated the expression of the cardiac genes, MYH6 and TNNT2. When cocultured with murine cardiomyocytes, cTnT-expressing porcine cardiac fibroblasts exhibited spontaneous contractions. Administration of GMT plus either H/My or miR-590 alone also downregulated fibroblast genes COL1A1 and COL3A1. miR-590 was shown to directly suppress the zinc finger protein, specificity protein 1 (Sp1), which was able to substitute for miR-590 in inducing cellular reprogramming. CONCLUSIONS These data support porcine studies as a surrogate for testing human cardiac reprogramming, and suggest that miR-590-mediated repression of Sp1 represents an alternative pathway for enhancing human cardiac cellular reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P Singh
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Megumi Mathison
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Brian W Gibson
- Center for Comparative Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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16
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Kurita H, Carreira VS, Fan Y, Jiang M, Naticchioni M, Koch S, Rubinstein J, Puga A. Ah receptor expression in cardiomyocytes protects adult female mice from heart dysfunction induced by TCDD exposure. Toxicology 2016; 355-356:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Haghighi K, Pritchard TJ, Liu GS, Singh VP, Bidwell P, Lam CK, Vafiadaki E, Das P, Ma J, Kunduri S, Sanoudou D, Florea S, Vanderbilt E, Wang HS, Rubinstein J, Hajjar RJ, Kranias EG. Human G109E-inhibitor-1 impairs cardiac function and promotes arrhythmias. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 89:349-59. [PMID: 26455482 PMCID: PMC4689614 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of human and experimental heart failure is deficient sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca-uptake reflecting impaired contractile function. This is at least partially attributed to dephosphorylation of phospholamban by increased protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activity. Indeed inhibition of PP1 by transgenic overexpression or gene-transfer of constitutively active inhibitor-1 improved Ca-cycling, preserved function and decreased fibrosis in small and large animal models of heart failure, suggesting that inhibitor-1 may represent a potential therapeutic target. We recently identified a novel human polymorphism (G109E) in the inhibitor-1 gene with a frequency of 7% in either normal or heart failure patients. Transgenic mice, harboring cardiac-specific expression of G109E inhibitor-1, exhibited decreases in contractility, Ca-kinetics and SR Ca-load. These depressive effects were relieved by isoproterenol stimulation. Furthermore, stress conditions (2Hz +/- Iso) induced increases in Ca-sparks, Ca-waves (60% of G109E versus 20% in wild types) and after-contractions (76% of G109E versus 23% of wild types) in mutant cardiomyocytes. Similar findings were obtained by acute expression of the G109E variant in adult cardiomyocytes in the absence or presence of endogenous inhibitor-1. The underlying mechanisms included reduced binding of mutant inhibitor-1 to PP1, increased PP1 activity, and dephosphorylation of phospholamban at Ser16 and Thr17. However, phosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor at Ser2808 was not altered while phosphorylation at Ser2814 was increased, consistent with increased activation of Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), promoting aberrant SR Ca-release. Parallel in vivo studies revealed that mutant mice developed ventricular ectopy and complex ventricular arrhythmias (including bigeminy, trigeminy and ventricular tachycardia), when challenged with isoproterenol. Inhibition of CaMKII activity by KN-93 prevented the increased propensity to arrhythmias. These findings suggest that the human G109E inhibitor-1 variant impairs SR Ca-cycling and promotes arrhythmogenesis under stress conditions, which may present an additional insult in the compromised function of heart failure carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Haghighi
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Tracy J Pritchard
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Guan-Sheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Vivek P Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Philip Bidwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Chi Keung Lam
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Elizabeth Vafiadaki
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Parthib Das
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Swati Kunduri
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece; 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Athens and Attikon Hospital, Greece
| | - Stela Florea
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Erica Vanderbilt
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Hong-Shang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Roger J Hajjar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States; Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Greece.
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18
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Liu B, Ho HT, Brunello L, Unudurthi SD, Lou Q, Belevych AE, Qian L, Kim DH, Cho C, Janssen PML, Hund TJ, Knollmann BC, Kranias EG, Györke S. Ablation of HRC alleviates cardiac arrhythmia and improves abnormal Ca handling in CASQ2 knockout mice prone to CPVT. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 108:299-311. [PMID: 26410369 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cardiac calsequestrin (CASQ2) and histidine-rich Ca-binding protein (HRC) are sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca-binding proteins that regulate SR Ca release in mammalian heart. Deletion of either CASQ2 or HRC results in relatively mild phenotypes characterized by preserved cardiac structure and function, although CASQ2 knockout (KO), or Cnull, shows increased arrhythmia burden under conditions of catecholaminergic stress. We hypothesized that given the apparent overlap of functions of CASQ2 and HRC, simultaneous ablation of both would deteriorate the cardiac phenotype compared with the single knockouts. METHODS AND RESULTS In contrast to this expectation, double knockout (DKO) mice lacking both CASQ2 and HRC exhibited normal cardiac ejection fraction and ultrastructure. Moreover, the predisposition to catecholamine-dependent arrhythmia that characterizes the Cnull phenotype was alleviated in the DKO mice. At the myocyte level, DKO mice displayed Ca transients of normal amplitude; additionally, the frequency of spontaneous Ca waves and sparks in the presence of isoproterenol were decreased markedly compared with Cnull. Furthermore, restitution of SR Ca release was slowed in DKO myocytes compared with Cnull cells. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that rather than being functionally redundant, CASQ2 and HRC modulate cardiac ryanodine receptor-mediated (RyR2) Ca release in an opposing manner. In particular, while CASQ2 stabilizes RyR2 rendering it refractory in the diastolic phase, HRC enhances RyR2 activity facilitating RyR2 recovery from refractoriness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hsiang-Ting Ho
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lucia Brunello
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sathya D Unudurthi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Qing Lou
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Andriy E Belevych
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lan Qian
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Do Han Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chunghee Cho
- School of Life Sciences and Systems Biology Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Paul M L Janssen
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bjorn C Knollmann
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Sándor Györke
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, 473 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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19
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Zhang JZ, Waddell HMM, Jones PP. Regulation of RYR2 by sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+). Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2015; 42:720-6. [PMID: 25603835 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ca(2+) is arguably the most important ion involved in the contraction of the heart. The cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2), the major Ca(2+) release channel located in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane, is responsible for releasing the bulk of Ca(2+) required for contraction. Moreover, RyR2 is also crucial for maintaining SR Ca(2+) homeostasis by releasing Ca(2+) from the SR when it becomes overloaded with Ca(2+) . During normal contraction, RyR2 is activated by cytosolic Ca(2+) , whereas during store overload conditions, the opening of RyR2 is governed by SR Ca(2+) . Although the process of the cytosolic control of RyR2 is well established, the molecular mechanism by which SR luminal Ca(2+) regulates RyR2 has only recently been elucidated and remains controversial. In addition to the activation of RyR2, SR luminal Ca(2+) also determines when the RyR2 channel closes. RyR2-mediated Ca(2+) release from the SR does not continue until the SR is completely depleted. Rather, it ceases when SR luminal Ca(2+) falls below a certain level. Given the importance of SR Ca(2+) , it is not surprising that the SR luminal Ca(2+) level is tightly controlled by SR Ca(2+) -buffering proteins. Consequently, the opening and closing of RyR2 is heavily influenced by the presence of such proteins, particularly those associated with RyR2, such as calsequestrin and the histidine-rich Ca(2+) -binding protein. These proteins appear to indirectly alter RyR2 activity by modifying the microdomain SR Ca(2+) level surrounding RyR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Z Zhang
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Helen M M Waddell
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Peter P Jones
- Department of Physiology and HeartOtago, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Haghighi K, Bidwell P, Kranias EG. Phospholamban interactome in cardiac contractility and survival: A new vision of an old friend. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 77:160-7. [PMID: 25451386 PMCID: PMC4312245 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Depressed sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium cycling, reflecting impaired SR Ca-transport and Ca-release, is a key and universal characteristic of human and experimental heart failure. These SR processes are regulated by multimeric protein complexes, including protein kinases and phosphatases as well as their anchoring and regulatory subunits that fine-tune Ca-handling in specific SR sub-compartments. SR Ca-transport is mediated by the SR Ca-ATPase (SERCA2a) and its regulatory phosphoprotein, phospholamban (PLN). Dephosphorylated PLN is an inhibitor of SERCA2a and phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA) or calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CAMKII) relieves these inhibitory effects. Recent studies identified additional regulatory proteins, associated with PLN, that control SR Ca-transport. These include the inhibitor-1 (I-1) of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), the small heat shock protein 20 (Hsp20) and the HS-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX1). In addition, the intra-luminal histidine-rich calcium binding protein (HRC) has been shown to interact with both SERCA2a and triadin. Notably, there is physical and direct interaction between these protein players, mediating a fine-cross talk between SR Ca-uptake, storage and release. Importantly, regulation of SR Ca-cycling by the PLN/SERCA interactome does not only impact cardiomyocyte contractility, but also survival and remodeling. Indeed, naturally occurring variants in these Ca-cycling genes modulate their activity and interactions with other protein partners, resulting in depressed contractility and accelerated remodeling. These genetic variants may serve as potential prognostic or diagnostic markers in cardiac pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Haghighi
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Philip Bidwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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Zhang JZ, McLay JC, Jones PP. The arrhythmogenic human HRC point mutation S96A leads to spontaneous Ca2+ release due to an impaired ability to buffer store Ca2+. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 74:22-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry London
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
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