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D'Arrigo G, Carbone F, Gori M, Torino C, Montecucco F, Liberale L, Ramoni D, Tirandi A, Tortorella C, Lisa A, Olivero C, Moriero M, Bertolotto M, Minetti S, Schiavetta E, Pizzini P, Cutrupi S, Mallamaci F, Tripepi G, Zoccali C. Osteopontin, death and cardiovascular events in stage G3-4 CKD patients: a joint model analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2024; 39:1737-1739. [PMID: 38849311 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfae123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Graziella D'Arrigo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Centro Fisiologia Clinica CNR, Reggio Calabria, Rome
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mercedes Gori
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano
| | - Claudia Torino
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Centro Fisiologia Clinica CNR, Reggio Calabria, Rome
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Davide Ramoni
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Amedeo Tirandi
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Curzia Tortorella
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Olivero
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Margherita Moriero
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Bertolotto
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Minetti
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Schiavetta
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pizzini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Centro Fisiologia Clinica CNR, Reggio Calabria, Rome
| | - Sebastiano Cutrupi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Centro Fisiologia Clinica CNR, Reggio Calabria, Rome
| | - Francesca Mallamaci
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Centro Fisiologia Clinica CNR, Reggio Calabria, Rome
- Renal Research Institute, NY, USA
| | - Giovanni Tripepi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension Unit, Centro Fisiologia Clinica CNR, Reggio Calabria, Rome
| | - Carmine Zoccali
- Renal Research Institute, NY, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics (Biogem), Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Associazione Ipertensione Nefrologia Trapianto Renale (IPNET), c/o Nefrologia, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano, Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Geers J, Bing R, Pawade TA, Doris MK, Daghem M, Fletcher AJ, White AC, Forsyth L, Evans E, Kwieciński J, Williams MC, van Beek EJR, Kwak S, Peeters FECM, Tzolos E, Slomka PJ, Lucatelli C, Ralston SH, Prendergast B, Newby DE, Dweck MR. Effect of Denosumab or Alendronate on Vascular Calcification: Secondary Analysis of SALTIRE2 Randomized Controlled Trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032571. [PMID: 39248270 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with osteoporosis demonstrate increased vascular calcification but the effect of osteoporosis treatments on vascular calcification remains unclear. The present study aimed to examine whether coronary or aortic calcification are influenced by denosumab and alendronic acid treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS In a double-blind randomized controlled SALTIRE2 (Study Investigating the Effect of Drugs Used to Treat Osteoporosis on the Progression of Calcific Aortic Stenosis) trial, patients with aortic stenosis were randomized 2:1:2:1 to denosumab, placebo injection, alendronic acid, or placebo capsule. Participants underwent serial imaging with computed tomography and 18F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography for the assessment of vascular calcium burden and calcification activity, respectively. We report the prespecified secondary analyses of 24-month change in coronary calcium score, and 12-month changes in thoracic aorta calcium score, coronary and aortic 18F-sodium fluoride activity. One hundred fifty patients with aortic stenosis (72±8 years; 21% female) were randomized to denosumab (n=49), alendronic acid (n=51), and placebo (injection n=25, capsule n=25). There were no differences in change in coronary calcium scores between placebo (16 [-64 to 148] Agatston units) and either denosumab (94 [0-212] Agatston units, P=0.24) or alendronic acid (34 [-62 to 134], P=0.99). There were no differences in change in thoracic aorta calcium scores between placebo (132 [22-512] Agatston units) and either denosumab (118 [11-340], P=0.75) or alendronic acid (116 [26-498] Agatston units, P=0.62). There were no differences in changes in coronary or aortic 18F-sodium fluoride activity between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Neither alendronic acid nor denosumab are associated with changes in the activity or progression of coronary or aortic calcification. Osteoporosis treatments do not appear to have major impact on vascular calcification of atherosclerosis. REGISTRATION https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02132026.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Geers
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
- Department of Cardiology Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel) Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - Rong Bing
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Tania A Pawade
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Mhairi K Doris
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Marwa Daghem
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Alexander J Fletcher
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
- Department of Child Health University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - Audrey C White
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Laura Forsyth
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Emily Evans
- Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Jacek Kwieciński
- Department of Interventional Cardiology and Angiology Institute of Cardiology Warsaw Poland
| | - Michelle C Williams
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
- Edinburgh Imaging University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Edwin J R van Beek
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
- Edinburgh Imaging University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Soongu Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | | | - Evangelos Tzolos
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Piotr J Slomka
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Biomedical Imaging Research Institute Los Angeles CA USA
| | | | - Stuart H Ralston
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Edinburgh UK
| | | | - David E Newby
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Marc R Dweck
- BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
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Sharif A. The Bony Issue of Cardiovascular Disease After Kidney Transplantation. Transplantation 2024; 108:1066-1067. [PMID: 38291569 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Sharif
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, University Hospitals Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Mathold K, Nobin R, Brudin L, Carlsson M, Wanby P. Albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio may be a better predictor of survival than sclerostin, dickkopf-1, osteopontin, osteoprotegerin and osteocalcin. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29639. [PMID: 38644839 PMCID: PMC11031828 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The value of biochemical markers of bone turnover (BTMs) in predicting survival and disease remains unclear. In a prospective study we evaluated the novel biomarkers for bone turnover sclerostin, dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteocalcin (OC), as well as a traditional biomarker, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in relation to risk of mortality, cardiovascular events and fractures. Participants and Methods:Routine blood tests and serum BTMs, including ALP, were analyzed in patients with hip fracture n = 97, stroke n = 71 and healthy volunteers n = 83 (mean age 86, 83 and 77, respectively), followed for 7 years. Hazard Ratios (HR) were calculated for mortality, cardiovascular events and fractures in relation to these biomarkers. After adding the albumin-to-ALP ratio (AAPR) a post hoc analysis was performed. Results 120 participants died during the study. In the entire group of patients and volunteers (n = 251) higher AAPR (HR 0.28, 95 % CI 0.14-0.59, p < 0.001) was associated with decreased mortality. OPN and OPG were associated with mortality risk only in the univariate statistical analysis. HR for high AAPR in relation to new cardiovascular events was borderline significant (HR 0.29, 95 % CI 0.08-1.06, p = 0.061). None of the examined biomarkers were associated with new fractures, nor with an increased risk of a new cardiovascular event. Conclusions AAPR may be a better predictor of mortality than the more novel BTMs, and higher AAPR could be associated with longer life expectancy. Further studies should determine the clinical usefulness of AAPR as a biomarker of mortality and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Mathold
- Department of Primary Care, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - R. Nobin
- Department of Orthopedics, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - L. Brudin
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Kalmar and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Sweden
| | - M. Carlsson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Kalmar and Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Sweden
| | - P. Wanby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Kalmar, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Linköping and Department of Medicine and Optometry, Linnaeus University, Sweden
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Nakamizo T, Cologne J, Kishi T, Takahashi T, Inoue M, Ryukaku H, Hayashi T, Kusunoki Y, Fujiwara S, Ohishi W. Reliability, stability during long-term storage, and intra-individual variation of circulating levels of osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and interleukin-17A. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:133. [PMID: 38368424 PMCID: PMC10873926 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01722-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in many populations have reported associations between circulating cytokine levels and various physiological or pathological conditions. However, the reliability of cytokine measurements in population studies, which measure cytokines in multiple assays over a prolonged period, has not been adequately examined; nor has stability during sample storage or intra-individual variation been assessed. METHODS We assessed (1) analytical reliability in short- and long-term repeated measurements; (2) stability and analytical reliability during long-term sample storage, and (3) variability within individuals over seasons, of four cytokines-osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and interleukin-17A (IL-17A). Measurements in plasma or serum samples were made with commercial kits according to standard procedures. Estimation was performed by fitting a random or mixed effects linear model on the log scale. RESULTS In repeated assays over a short period, OPN, OPG, and VEGF-A had acceptable reliability, with intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) less than 0.11. Reliability of IL-17A was poor, with inter- and intra-assay CV 0.85 and 0.43, respectively. During long-term storage, OPG significantly decayed (- 33% per year; 95% confidence interval [- 54, - 3.7]), but not OPN or VEGF-A (- 0.3% or - 6.3% per year, respectively). Intra- and inter-assay CV over a long period were comparable to that in a short period except for a slight increase in inter-assay CV of VEGF-A. Within-individual variation was small for OPN and VEGF-A, with intra-class correlations (ICC) 0.68 and 0.83, respectively, but large for OPG (ICC 0.11). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that OPN and VEGF-A can be reliably measured in a large population, that IL-17A is suitable only for small experiments, and that OPG should be assessed with caution due to degradation during storage and intra-individual variation. The overall results of our study illustrate the need for validation under relevant conditions when measuring circulating cytokines in population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Takeshi Kishi
- Division of Clinical Laboratories, RERF, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mayumi Inoue
- Division of Clinical Laboratories, RERF, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Saeko Fujiwara
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Waka Ohishi
- Department of Clinical Studies, RERF, Hiroshima, Japan
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Kącka A, Charemska A, Jarocka-Cyrta E, Głowińska-Olszewska B. Comparison of novel markers of metabolic complications and cardiovascular risk factors between obese non-diabetic and obese type 1 diabetic children and young adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1036109. [PMID: 36578961 PMCID: PMC9791985 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1036109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction For the past years, the prevalence of obesity is growing in the general population of children, as well as among diabetic patients, resulting in increased risk of cardiovascular complications. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and young adults, leading to decreased life quality and lifespan, with obesity being recognized recently as a major contributing factor to these health problems. The objective of this study was to analyze and compare the selected novel markers for metabolic complications of obesity and vascular risk factors between obese non-diabetic and obese T1DM children and young adults. Methods One hundred four subjects, aged between 10 and 24 years (31 with T1DM and excessive body weight, 41 with obesity without diabetes, and 32 with T1DM and normal weight), and 32 matched lean controls were included in the study. Clinical characteristics, blood pressure measurements, daily requirement for insulin, HbA1c%, plasma lipids, fetuin-A, E-selectin, and osteoprotegerin levels were compared with respect to body mass index (BMI), body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) of common carotid arteries. Results Patients with T1DM and excessive body weight compared to non-diabetic obese subjects had similar values of systolic blood pressure (125.6 ± 8.2 vs. 127.3 ± 12.9 mmHg, p = 0.515), diastolic blood pressure (78.19 ± 7.03 vs. 78.02 ± 8.01 mmHg, p = 0.918), cholesterol (175.26 ± 34.1 vs. 163.51 ± 26.08 mg/dl, p = 0.102), LDL (108.03 ± 32.55 vs. 112.22 ± 26.36 mg/dl, p = 0.548), and triglyceride levels (118.19 ± 71.20 vs. 117 ± 55.80 mg/dl, p = 0.937); all values were found to be higher compared to non-obese T1DM and healthy controls. HbA1c level and insulin resistance indices were significantly worse in T1DM obese vs. T1DM non-obese patients. Fetuin-A levels were higher among obese non-diabetic patients (p = 0.01), and E-selectin and osteoprotegerin levels were similar in both groups with obesity, but higher than in the reference group. There were no statistical differences in cIMT with T1DM with normal weight, excessive weight, and non-diabetic obese children; however, the cIMT value was higher compared to the reference group. Discussion Novel markers of metabolic complications of obesity are similar between obese T1DM and non-diabetic subjects. Obesity in patients with T1DM results in worse metabolic control, insulin resistance, and increased risk for vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kącka
- Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Provincial Specialist Children’s Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Charemska
- Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Provincial Specialist Children’s Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jarocka-Cyrta
- Department of Clinical Pediatrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Provincial Specialist Children’s Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Głowińska-Olszewska
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Chemaly M, McAllister R, Peace A, Bjourson AJ, Watterson S, Parton A, Clauss M, McGilligan V. TACE/ADAM17 substrates associate with ACS (Ep-CAM, HB-EGF) and follow-up MACE (TNFR1 and TNFR2). ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS 2022; 50:40-49. [PMID: 36643799 PMCID: PMC9833260 DOI: 10.1016/j.athplu.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims TACE/ADAM17 is a membrane bound metalloprotease, which cleaves substrates involved in immune and inflammatory responses and plays a role in coronary artery disease (CAD). We measured TACE and its substrates in CAD patients to identify potential biomarkers within this molecular pathway with potential for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) prediction. Methods Blood samples were obtained from consecutive patients (n = 229) with coronary angiographic evidence of CAD admitted with ACS or electively. MACE were recorded after a median 3-year follow-up. Controls (n = 115) had a <10% CAD risk as per the HeartSCORE. TACE and TIMP3 protein and mRNA levels were measured by ELISA and RT-qPCR respectively. TACE substrates were measured using a multiplex proximity extension assay. Results TACE mRNA and cell protein levels (p < 0.01) and TACE substrates LDLR (p = 0.006), TRANCE (p = 0.045), LAG-3 (p < 0.001) and ACE2 (p < 0.001) plasma levels were significantly higher in CAD patients versus controls. TACE inhibitor TIMP3 mRNA levels were significantly lower in CAD patients and tended to be lower in the ACS population (p < 0.05). TACE substrates TNFR1 (OR:3.237,CI:1.514-6.923,p = 0.002), HB-EGF (OR:0.484,CI:0.288-0.813,p = 0.006) and Ep-CAM (OR:0.555,CI:0.327-0.829,p = 0.004) accurately classified ACS patients with HB-EGF and Ep-CAM levels being lower compared to electively admitted patients. TNFR1 (OR:2.317,CI:1.377-3.898,p = 0.002) and TNFR2 (OR:1.902,CI:1.072-3.373,p = 0.028) were significantly higher on admission in those patients who developed MACE within 3 years. Conclusions We demonstrate a possible role of TACE substrates LAG-3, HB-EGF and Ep-CAM in atherosclerotic plaque development and stability. We also underline the importance of measuring TNFR1 and TNFR2 earlier than previously appreciated for MACE prediction. We report an important role of TIMP3 in regulating TACE levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Chemaly
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 76 Solna, Sweden,Corresponding author.
| | - Roisin McAllister
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, BT47 6SB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Aaron Peace
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, BT47 6SB, Northern Ireland, UK,Cardiology Department, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Altnagelvin Hospital, Glenshane Road, Londonderry, BT47 6SB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Anthony John Bjourson
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, BT47 6SB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Steve Watterson
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, BT47 6SB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Andrew Parton
- Ensembl Variation, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Matthias Clauss
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA,Centre for Molecular Bioscience, Ulster University, Coleraine, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Victoria McGilligan
- Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Altnagelvin Hospital, Londonderry, BT47 6SB, Northern Ireland, UK
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Kadoglou NPE, Kapetanios D, Korakas E, Valsami G, Tentolouris N, Papanas N, Lambadiari V, Karkos C. Association of serum levels of osteopontin and osteoprotegerin with adverse outcomes after endovascular revascularisation in peripheral artery disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:171. [PMID: 36050687 PMCID: PMC9438128 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteopontin (OPN) are vascular calcification inhibitors with a known role in the atherosclerotic and inflammatory process. We investigated their relationship with adverse outcomes (restenosis/adverse cardiovascular events) after endovascular revascularisation of patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods 203 consecutive patients were enrolled in the PAD group (PADG) and 78 age and sex-matched subjects with less than two cardiovascular risk factors served as control group (COG). PADG underwent standard medical assessment at baseline and 12 months after the procedure. During follow up major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) including arterial restenosis with need for reintervention were documented and the PADG was divided accordingly into two subgroups. Results During 12-month follow-up, 82 MACE were recorded (MACE subgroup). The rest of 124 PAD patients remained free of MACE (non-MACE subgroup). At baseline, OPG (9.89 ± 2.85 ng/ml vs 3.47 ± 1.95 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and OPN (79.99 ± 38.29 ng/ml vs 35.21 ± 14.84 ng/ml, p < 0.001) levels were significantly higher in PADG compared to COG, as well as in MACE subgroup compared to non-MACE subgroup (13.29 ± 3.23 ng/ml vs 10.86 ± 3 ng/ml and 96.45 ± 40.12 ng/ml vs 78.1 ± 38.29 ng/ml, respectively). An independent association of PAD with OPG and OPN was found in the whole patient cohort. Although OPG and OPN were significantly related to MACE incidence in the univariate analysis, multiple logistic regression analysis failed to detect any independent predictor of MACE within the PADG. Conclusion Baseline high OPG and OPN levels were independently associated with PAD presence. Even higher levels of those biomarkers were detected among PAD patients with MACE, however, their prognostic role should be further clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos P E Kadoglou
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, 215/6 Old road Lefkosias-Lemesou, 2029, Aglatzia, Nicosia, Cyprus. .,Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Dimitrios Kapetanios
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Korakas
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papanas
- Diabetes Centre, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Vaia Lambadiari
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Centre, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Karkos
- 5Th Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Gerstein HC, Hess S, Claggett B, Dickstein K, Kober L, Maggioni AP, McMurray JJV, Probstfield JL, Riddle MC, Tardif JC, Pfeffer MA. Protein Biomarkers and Cardiovascular Outcomes in People With Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome: The ELIXA Biomarker Study. Diabetes Care 2022; 45:2152-2155. [PMID: 35817031 DOI: 10.2337/dc22-0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use protein biomarkers to identify people with type 2 diabetes at high risk of cardiovascular outcomes and death. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Biobanked serum from 4,957 ELIXA (Evaluation of Lixisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome) trial participants was analyzed. Forward-selection Cox models identified independent protein risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and death that were compared with a previously validated biomarker panel. RESULTS NT-proBNP and osteoprotegerin predicted both outcomes. In addition, trefoil factor 3 predicted MACE, and angiopoietin-2 predicted death (C = 0.70 and 0.79, respectively, compared with 0.63 and 0.66 for clinical variables alone). These proteins had all previously been identified and validated. Notably, C statistics for just NT-proBNP plus clinical risk factors were 0.69 and 0.78 for MACE and death, respectively. CONCLUSIONS NT-proBNP and other proteins independently predict cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes following acute coronary syndrome. Adding other biomarkers only marginally increased NT-proBNP's prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hertzel C Gerstein
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences and McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sibylle Hess
- Global Medical Diabetes, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Brian Claggett
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kenneth Dickstein
- University of Bergen, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lars Kober
- Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aldo P Maggioni
- ANMCO Research Centre, Heart Care Foundation, Florence, Italy
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Scotland, U.K
| | | | - Matthew C Riddle
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | - Marc A Pfeffer
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
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10
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Khandkar C, Vaidya K, Karimi Galougahi K, Patel S. Low bone mineral density and coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 37:100891. [PMID: 34746361 PMCID: PMC8554269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) and osteoporosis both cause significant morbidity and mortality. Recent interest in inflammation and the bone-vascular axis suggests a mechanistic link between the two conditions. This review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the potential association between low bone mineral density (BMD) and CAD in adults. Two authors searched for studies that examined the association between low BMD and CAD. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using the modified Newcastle Ottawa score. Ten studies were selected from the 2258 unique records identified. Pooled analysis showed a significant association between low BMD and CAD (OR 1.65, 95%CI 1.37-2.39, p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis investigating males and females separately was not significant. The subgroup analyses looking for any differences across geographic locations and differences between coronary imaging modalities were also negative. Studies with adjusted ORs (n = 4) were also pooled (OR 3.01, 95%CI 0.91-9.99, p = 0.07). Low BMD is associated with CAD; however, it is unclear whether this result is confounded by common risk factors given the heterogeneity between study populations and methodologies. Further large-scale epidemiological studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Khandkar
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kaivan Vaidya
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Keyvan Karimi Galougahi
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
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11
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High levels of osteoprotegerin are associated with coronary artery calcification in patients suspected of a chronic coronary syndrome. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18946. [PMID: 34556709 PMCID: PMC8460823 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98177-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma osteoprotegerin (OPG) and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important regulators in the process of vascular calcification (VC). In population studies, high levels of OPG are associated with events. In animal studies, however, high OPG levels result in reduction of VC. VSMC-derived EVs are assumed to be responsible for OPG transport and VC but this role has not been studied. For this, we investigated the association between OPG in plasma and circulating EVs with coronary artery calcium (CAC) as surrogate for VC in symptomatic patients. We retrospectively assessed 742 patients undergoing myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). CAC scores were determined on the MPI-CT images using a previously developed automated algorithm. Levels of OPG were quantified in plasma and two EV-subpopulations (LDL and TEX), using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Circulating levels of OPG were independently associated with CAC scores in plasma; OR 1.39 (95% CI 1.17–1.65), and both EV populations; EV-LDL; OR 1.51 (95% CI 1.27–1.80) and EV-TEX; OR 1.21 (95% CI 1.02–1.42). High levels of OPG in plasma were independently associated with CAC scores in this symptomatic patient cohort. High levels of EV-derived OPG showed the same positive association with CAC scores, suggesting that EV-derived OPG mirrors the same pathophysiological process as plasma OPG.
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12
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Osteoprotegerin expression and serum values in obese women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:7095-7104. [PMID: 34487291 PMCID: PMC8419664 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06699-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and diabetes prevalence are increasing worldwide. We aimed to detect the possible association of osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene expression with visceral adiposity indices and cardiometabolic risk factors among obese women. METHODS AND RESULTS The study enrolled 150 controls and 150 obese cases subdivided into two subgroups non-diabetic (n = 70) and 80 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Circulating OPG gene expression levels were figured out by real time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Serum OPG levels were assessed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Our results explored that OPG serum levels were lower in the obese women compared to control group (p < 0.001) and obese diabetics had higher serum levels of OPG in comparison to obese non-diabetic patients (p < 0.001). Expression levels of OPG were higher in obese women than controls (p < 0.001). Moreover, the blood expression levels of OPG gene were higher in diabetic obese patients than non-diabetics. We found positive correlations between parameters of metabolic syndrome and obesity indices. After adjustment of the traditional risk factors, stepwise linear regression analysis test revealed that OPG expression levels were independently correlated with glycated hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and waist-to-hip ratio. CONCLUSIONS OPG mRNA levels were associated with surrogate markers of insulin resistance in Egyptian obese women.
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13
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Deligiorgi MV, Panayiotidis MI, Siasos G, Trafalis DT. Osteoporosis Entwined with Cardiovascular Disease: The Implication of Osteoprotegerin and the Example of Statins. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1443-1467. [PMID: 31971101 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200123151132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Beyond being epiphenomenon of shared epidemiological factors, the integration of Osteoporosis (OP) with Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) - termed "calcification paradox" - reflects a continuum of aberrant cardiometabolic status. The present review provides background knowledge on "calcification paradox", focusing on the endocrine aspect of vasculature orchestrated by the osteoblastic molecular fingerprint of vascular cells, acquired via imbalance among established modulators of mineralization. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), the well-established osteoprotective cytokine, has recently been shown to exert a vessel-modifying role. Prompted by this notion, the present review interrogates OPG as the potential missing link between OP and CVD. However, so far, the confirmation of this hypothesis is hindered by the equivocal role of OPG in CVD, being both proatherosclerotic and antiatherosclerotic. Further research is needed to illuminate whether OPG could be a biomarker of the "calcification paradox". Moreover, the present review brings into prominence the dual role of statins - cardioprotective and osteoprotective - as a potential illustration of the integration of CVD with OP. Considering that the statins-induced modulation of OPG is central to the statins-driven osteoprotective signalling, statins could be suggested as an illustration of the role of OPG in the bone/vessels crosstalk, if further studies consolidate the contribution of OPG to the cardioprotective role of statins. Another outstanding issue that merits further evaluation is the inconsistency of the osteoprotective role of statins. Further understanding of the varying bone-modifying role of statins, likely attributed to the unique profile of different classes of statins defined by distinct physicochemical characteristics, may yield tangible benefits for treating simultaneously OP and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Deligiorgi
- Department of Pharmacology - Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Building 16, 1st Floor, 75 Mikras Asias, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Mihalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Group of Translational Biosciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Building A516, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, 1st Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 114 Vas Sofias, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Trafalis
- Department of Pharmacology - Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Building 16, 1st Floor, 75 Mikras Asias, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece
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14
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Maniatis K, Siasos G, Oikonomou E, Vavuranakis M, Zaromytidou M, Mourouzis K, Paraskevopoulos T, Charalambous G, Papavassiliou AG, Tousoulis D. Osteoprotegerin and Osteopontin Serum Levels are Associated with Vascular Function and Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2020; 18:523-530. [PMID: 31642412 DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666191022095246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoprotegerin and osteopontin have recently emerged as key factors in both vascular remodelling and atherosclerosis progression. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory cytokine with a key role in atherosclerosis. The relationship of osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, and IL-6 serum levels with endothelial function and arterial stiffness was evaluated in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS We enrolled 219 patients with stable CAD and 112 control subjects. Osteoprotegerin, osteopontin and IL-6 serum levels were measured using an ELISA assay. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured as an index of aortic stiffness. RESULTS There was no significant difference between control subjects and CAD patients according to age and sex. Compared with control subjects, CAD patients had significantly impaired FMD (p<0.001) and increased PWV (p=0.009). CAD patients also had significantly higher levels of osteoprotegerin (p<0.001), osteopontin (p<0.001) and IL-6 (p=0.03), compared with control subjects. Moreover, IL-6 levels were correlated with osteoprotegerin (r=0.17, p=0.01) and osteopontin (r=0.30, p<0.001) levels. FMD was correlated with osteoprotegerin levels independent of possible confounders [b coefficient= - 0.79, 95% CI (-1.54, -0.05), p=0.04]. CONCLUSION CAD patients have increased osteoprotegerin, osteopontin and IL-6 levels. Moreover, there is a consistent association between osteoprotegerin and osteopontin serum levels, vascular function and inflammation in CAD patients. These findings suggest another possible mechanism linking osteoprotegerin and osteopontin serum levels with CAD progression through arterial wall stiffening and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Maniatis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Oikonomou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis Vavuranakis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina Zaromytidou
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mourouzis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Thodoros Paraskevopoulos
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Charalambous
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, 'Hippokration' Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
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15
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Serum osteoprotegerin as a long-term predictor for patients with stable coronary artery disease and its association with diabetes and statin treatment: A CLARICOR trial 10-year follow-up substudy. Atherosclerosis 2020; 301:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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16
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Dai L, Debowska M, Lukaszuk T, Bobrowski L, Barany P, Söderberg M, Thiagarajan D, Frostegård J, Wennberg L, Lindholm B, Qureshi AR, Waniewski J, Stenvinkel P. Phenotypic features of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. J Intern Med 2020; 287:422-434. [PMID: 31823455 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD5) are predisposed to vascular calcification (VC), but the combined effect of factors associated with VC was sparsely investigated. We applied the relaxed linear separability (RLS) feature selection model to identify features that concomitantly associate with VC in CKD5 patients. METHODS Epigastric arteries collected during surgery from living donor kidney transplant recipients were examined to score the histological extent of medial VC. Sixty-two phenotypic features in 152 patients were entered into RLS model to differentiate between no-minimal VC (n = 93; score 0-1) and moderate-extensive VC (n = 59; score 2-3). The subset of features associated with VC was selected on the basis of cross-validation procedure. The strength of association of the selected features with VC was expressed by the absolute value of 'RLS factor'. RESULTS Among 62 features, a subset of 17 features provided optimal prediction of VC with 89% of patients correctly classified into their groups. The 17 features included traditional risk factors (diabetes, age, cholesterol, BMI and male sex) and markers of bone metabolism, endothelial function, metabolites, serum antibodies and mitochondrial-derived peptide. Positive RLS factors range from 1.26 to 4.05 indicating features associated with increased risk of VC, and negative RLS factors range from -0.95 to -1.83 indicating features associated with reduced risk of VC. CONCLUSION The RLS model identified 17 features including novel biomarkers and traditional risk factors that together concomitantly associated with medial VC. These results may inform further investigations of factors promoting VC in CKD5 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dai
- From the, Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Debowska
- Department for Mathematical Modeling of Physiological Processes, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - T Lukaszuk
- Faculty of Computer Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland
| | - L Bobrowski
- Department for Mathematical Modeling of Physiological Processes, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Computer Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland
| | - P Barany
- From the, Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Söderberg
- Pathology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - D Thiagarajan
- Unit of Immunology and Chronic Disease, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Frostegård
- Unit of Immunology and Chronic Disease, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Wennberg
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Lindholm
- From the, Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A R Qureshi
- From the, Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Waniewski
- Department for Mathematical Modeling of Physiological Processes, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - P Stenvinkel
- From the, Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Kim JM, Lee WS, Kim J. Therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis based on bone-vascular axis hypothesis. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 206:107436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Demer LL, Tintut Y. Interactive and Multifactorial Mechanisms of Calcific Vascular and Valvular Disease. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:646-657. [PMID: 31279666 PMCID: PMC6708492 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcific vascular and valvular disease (CVVD) is widespread and has major health consequences. Although coronary artery calcification has long been associated with hyperlipidemia and increased mortality, recent evidence suggests that its progression is increased in association with cholesterol-lowering HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ('statins') and long-term, high-intensity exercise. A nationwide trial showed no cardiovascular benefit of vitamin D supplements. Controversy remains as to whether calcium deposits in plaque promote or prevent plaque rupture. CVVD appears to occur through mechanisms similar to those of intramembranous, endochondral, and osteophytic skeletal bone formation. New evidence implicates autotaxin, endothelial-mesenchymal transformation, and microRNA and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as novel regulatory factors. New therapeutic options are being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda L Demer
- Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1600, USA.
| | - Yin Tintut
- Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA; Department of Physiology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1751, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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19
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Tanner MA, Thomas TP, Grisanti LA. Death receptor 5 contributes to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 136:1-14. [PMID: 31473246 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte survival and death contributes to many cardiac diseases. A common mechanism of cardiomyocyte death is through apoptosis however, numerous death receptors (DR) have been virtually unstudied in the context of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have identified TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptor, DR5, as being altered in a chronic catecholamine administration model of heart failure, and suggest a role of non-canonical signaling in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, multiple clinical studies have identified TRAIL or DR5 as biomarkers in the prediction of severity and mortality following myocardial infarction and in heart failure development risk suggesting a role of DR5 signaling in the heart. While TRAIL/DR5 have been extensively studied as a potential cancer therapeutic due to their ability to selectively activate apoptosis in cancer cells, TRAIL and DR5 are highly expressed in the heart where their function is uncharacterized. However, many non-transformed cell types are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis suggesting non-canonical functions in non-cancerous cell types. Our goal was to determine the role of DR5 in the heart with the hypothesis that DR5 does not induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis but initiates non-canonical signaling to promote cardiomyocyte growth and survival. Histological analysis of hearts from mice treated with a DR5 agonists showed increased hypertrophy with no differences in cardiomyocyte death, fibrosis or function. Mechanistic studies in the heart and isolated cardiomyocytes identified ERK1/2 activation with DR5 agonist treatment which contributed to hypertrophy. Furthermore, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was activated following DR5 agonist treatment through activation of MMP and HB-EGFR cleavage and specific inhibitors of MMP and EGFR prevented DR5-mediated ERK1/2 signaling and hypertrophy. Taken together, these studies identify a previously unidentified role for DR5 in the heart, which does not promote apoptosis but acts through non-canonical MMP-EGFR-ERK1/2 signaling mechanisms to contribute to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Tanner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Toby P Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Laurel A Grisanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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20
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Distinct associations between plasma osteoprotegerin, homoarginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine in chronic kidney disease male patients with coronary artery disease. Amino Acids 2019; 51:977-982. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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