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Jiang D, Zheng S, Xu X, Yue H, Liang W, Wu Z. Uncovering Druggable Targets in Aortic Dissection: An Association Study Integrating Mendelian Randomization, pQTL, and Protein-Protein Interaction Network. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1204. [PMID: 38927411 PMCID: PMC11200553 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening acute aortic syndrome. There are limitations and challenges in the discovery and application of biomarkers and drug targets for AD. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is a reliable analytical method to identify effective therapeutic targets. We aimed to identify novel therapeutic targets for AD and investigate their potential side-effects based on MR analysis. Data from protein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) were used for MR analyses to identify potential therapeutic targets. We probed druggable proteins involved in the pathogenesis of aortic dissection from deCODE. In this study, a two-sample MR analysis was conducted, with druggable proteins as the exposure factor and data on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of AD as the outcome. After conducting a two-sample MR, summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis and colocalization analysis were performed. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also constructed to delve into the interactions between identified proteins. After MR analysis and the Steiger test, we identified five proteins as potential therapeutic targets for AD. SMR analysis and colocalization analysis also confirmed our findings. Finally, we identified ASPN (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.54, p = 4.22 × 10-5) and SPOCK2 (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.41, 0.78, p = 4.52 × 10-4) as the core therapeutic targets. Through PPI network analysis, we identified six druggable targets, enabling the subsequent identification of six promising drugs from DrugBank for treating AD. This discovery of specific proteins as novel therapeutic targets represents a significant advancement in AD treatment. These findings provide more effective treatment options for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhong Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China; (D.J.)
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Mansoorshahi S, Yetman AT, Bissell MM, Kim YY, Michelena H, Hui DS, Caffarelli A, Andreassi MG, Foffa I, Guo D, Citro R, De Marco M, Tretter JT, Morris SA, Body SC, Chong JX, Bamshad MJ, Milewicz DM, Prakash SK. Whole Exome Sequencing Uncovers the Genetic Complexity of Bicuspid Aortic Valve in Families with Early Onset Complications. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.02.07.24302406. [PMID: 38370698 PMCID: PMC10871469 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.07.24302406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) is the most common adult congenital heart lesion with an estimated population prevalence of 1%. We hypothesize that early onset complications of BAV (EBAV) are driven by specific impactful genetic variants. We analyzed whole exome sequences (WES) to identify rare coding variants that contribute to BAV disease in 215 EBAV families. Predicted pathogenic variants of causal genes were present in 111 EBAV families (51% of total), including genes that cause BAV (8%) or heritable thoracic aortic disease (HTAD, 17%). After appropriate filtration, we also identified 93 variants in 26 novel genes that are associated with autosomal dominant congenital heart phenotypes, including recurrent deleterious variation of FBN2, MYH6, channelopathy genes, and type 1 and 5 collagen genes. These findings confirm our hypothesis that unique rare genetic variants contribute to early onset complications of BAV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mansoorshahi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Anji T Yetman
- Children's Hospital and Medical Center, University of Nebraska, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Malenka M Bissell
- Department of Biomedical Imaging Science, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Yuli Y Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hector Michelena
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Dawn S Hui
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Texas
| | - Anthony Caffarelli
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Maria G Andreassi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche (CNR), Instituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilenia Foffa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche (CNR), Instituto di Fisiologia Clinica, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dongchuan Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Rodolfo Citro
- Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Department, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona," Salerno, Italy
| | - Margot De Marco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Schola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | | | - Shaine A Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Simon C Body
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica X Chong
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dianna M Milewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Siddharth K Prakash
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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Chen Y, Wang L, Xu X, Li K, Sun Y, Wang Y, Wang DW. Genetic architecture of thoracic aortic dissection in the female population. Gene 2023; 887:147727. [PMID: 37625564 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-related differences in cardiovascular disease are now gaining much more attention and their importance is increasingly being recognized, but little is known about the genetic distribution, genotype-phenotype correlation, and outcomes in the female population with thoracic aortic dissection (TAD). METHODS One hundred seventy-nine Chinese female probands with TAD were enrolled from Tongji Hospital between October 2009 and October 2020. Genetic analysis was performed among 12 genes, and participants were subsequently followed up for a median of 38.2 months for TAD-related death. RESULTS We identified 18 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants among 18 (10.1%) probands and 21 variants of uncertain significance in 21 (11.7%) patients. Individuals with positive variants presented with a significant risk of TAD (OR: 12.0, 95% CI: 5.87-26.8), and an association between FBN1 (p = 2.60E-11, OR = 19.8), MYLK (p = 0.006, OR = 14.0) variants and an increased risk for female TAD was identified as well. Furthermore, nearly half of the variants were found in the FBN1 gene, which was significantly linked to early aortic dissection and tended to cause death at a young age. CONCLUSION This study revealed the monogenic contribution of known TAD genes to the female TAD population with East Asian ancestry. Patients who tested positive for FBN1 were significantly younger at the time of aortic dissection and had a higher probability of dying at an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanghui Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Wuhan 430000, PR China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Wuhan 430000, PR China
| | - Xin Xu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Wuhan 430000, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Wuhan 430000, PR China
| | - Yang Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Wuhan 430000, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Wuhan 430000, PR China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, PR China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanism of Cardiologic Disorders, Wuhan 430000, PR China.
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Krolevets M, Cate VT, Prochaska JH, Schulz A, Rapp S, Tenzer S, Andrade-Navarro MA, Horvath S, Niehrs C, Wild PS. DNA methylation and cardiovascular disease in humans: a systematic review and database of known CpG methylation sites. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:56. [PMID: 36991458 PMCID: PMC10061871 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01468-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide and considered one of the most environmentally driven diseases. The role of DNA methylation in response to the individual exposure for the development and progression of CVD is still poorly understood and a synthesis of the evidence is lacking. RESULTS A systematic review of articles examining measurements of DNA cytosine methylation in CVD was conducted in accordance with PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) guidelines. The search yielded 5,563 articles from PubMed and CENTRAL databases. From 99 studies with a total of 87,827 individuals eligible for analysis, a database was created combining all CpG-, gene- and study-related information. It contains 74,580 unique CpG sites, of which 1452 CpG sites were mentioned in ≥ 2, and 441 CpG sites in ≥ 3 publications. Two sites were referenced in ≥ 6 publications: cg01656216 (near ZNF438) related to vascular disease and epigenetic age, and cg03636183 (near F2RL3) related to coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, smoking and air pollution. Of 19,127 mapped genes, 5,807 were reported in ≥ 2 studies. Most frequently reported were TEAD1 (TEA Domain Transcription Factor 1) and PTPRN2 (Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type N2) in association with outcomes ranging from vascular to cardiac disease. Gene set enrichment analysis of 4,532 overlapping genes revealed enrichment for Gene Ontology molecular function "DNA-binding transcription activator activity" (q = 1.65 × 10-11) and biological processes "skeletal system development" (q = 1.89 × 10-23). Gene enrichment demonstrated that general CVD-related terms are shared, while "heart" and "vasculature" specific genes have more disease-specific terms as PR interval for "heart" or platelet distribution width for "vasculature." STRING analysis revealed significant protein-protein interactions between the products of the differentially methylated genes (p = 0.003) suggesting that dysregulation of the protein interaction network could contribute to CVD. Overlaps with curated gene sets from the Molecular Signatures Database showed enrichment of genes in hemostasis (p = 2.9 × 10-6) and atherosclerosis (p = 4.9 × 10-4). CONCLUSION This review highlights the current state of knowledge on significant relationship between DNA methylation and CVD in humans. An open-access database has been compiled of reported CpG methylation sites, genes and pathways that may play an important role in this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykhailo Krolevets
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Systems Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vincent Ten Cate
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jürgen H Prochaska
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Steffen Rapp
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Miguel A Andrade-Navarro
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Christof Niehrs
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Division of Molecular Embryology, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp S Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
- Systems Medicine, Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Ackermannweg 4, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
- Clinical Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Mainz, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine Main, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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The complex genetic basis of fibromuscular dysplasia, a systemic arteriopathy associated with multiple forms of cardiovascular disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1241-1255. [PMID: 36043395 PMCID: PMC9434409 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Artery stenosis is a common cause of hypertension and stroke and can be due to atherosclerosis accumulation in the majority of cases and in a small fraction of patients to arterial fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). Artery stenosis due to atherosclerosis is widely studied with known risk factors (e.g. increasing age, male gender, and dyslipidemia) to influence its etiology, including genetic factors. However, the causes of noninflammatory and nonatherosclerotic stenosis in FMD are less understood. FMD occurs predominantly in early middle-age women, a fraction of the population where cardiovascular risk is different and understudied. FMD arteriopathies are often diagnosed in the context of hypertension and stroke and co-occur mainly with spontaneous coronary artery dissection, an atypical cause of acute myocardial infarction. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in the understanding of molecular origins of FMD. Data were obtained from genetic studies using complementary methodological approaches applied to familial, syndromic, and sporadic forms of this intriguing arteriopathy. Rare variation analyses point toward mechanisms related to impaired prostacyclin signaling and defaults in fibrillar collagens. The study of common variation, mainly through a recent genome-wide association study, describes a shared genetic link with blood pressure, in addition to point at potential risk genes involved in actin cytoskeleton and intracellular calcium homeostasis supporting impaired vascular contraction as a key mechanism. We conclude this review with future strategies and approaches needed to fully understand the genetic and molecular mechanisms related to FMD.
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