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Shen Z, Lu Y, Ren Y, Wang Z, Deng J, Nan D, Jia J, Yu W, Jin Y, Sun W, Huang Y, Qu X, Jin H. The relationship between ischemic penumbra progression and the oxygen content of cortex microcirculation in acute ischemic stroke. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00387. [PMID: 38918128 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The precise oxygen content thresholds of ischemic deep parenchymal (OCIDP) and that in cortical microcirculation (OCCM), which leads to ischemic penumbra converting into the infarcted core, remain uncertain. This study employed an invasive fiber-optic oxygen meter and a newly developed oxygen-responsive probe called RuA3-Cy5-rtPA (RC-rtPA) based on recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) to examine the oxygen content thresholds. A mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion was generated and animals were randomly divided into a sham, 24-h reperfusion after 3-h ischemia (IR 3-h), and IR 6-h groups, all of which were sacrificed following reperfusion. Stroke severity was evaluated based on the infarction area, neurological symptoms, microcirculation perfusion, and microemboli in microcirculation. OCIDP was characterized based on its extent and distribution, whereas OCCM was measured using RC-rtPA. During ischemia, stroke severity escalation manifested as increasing infarction area, severe neurologic symptoms, and poorer microcirculation perfusion with more microthrombi depositions. OCIDP presented rapid decline following artery occlusion along with a gradual increase in the hypoxic area. Within 3 h following ischemia induction, the ischemic tissue that experienced hypoxia could be rescued, and this reversibility would disappear after 6 h. Within 6 h, OCCM continued to decrease. A significant decrease in oxygen content in cortical venules and cortical parenchyma was observed. These findings assist in establishing the extent of the ischemic penumbra at the microcirculation level and offer a foundation for assessing the ischemic penumbra that could respond positively to reperfusion therapy beyond the typical time window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Shen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050030, China
| | - Yuxuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yingying Ren
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ding Nan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Jingjing Jia
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yunyi Jin
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yining Huang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xiaozhong Qu
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiqiang Jin
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
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Bernard M, Menet R, Lecordier S, ElAli A. Endothelial PDGF-D contributes to neurovascular protection after ischemic stroke by rescuing pericyte functions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:225. [PMID: 38769116 PMCID: PMC11106055 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke induces neovascularization of the injured tissue as an attempt to promote structural repair and neurological recovery. Angiogenesis is regulated by pericytes that potently react to ischemic stroke stressors, ranging from death to dysfunction. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor (PDGFR)β controls pericyte survival, migration, and interaction with brain endothelial cells. PDGF-D a specific ligand of PDGFRβ is expressed in the brain, yet its regulation and role in ischemic stroke pathobiology remains unexplored. Using experimental ischemic stroke mouse model, we found that PDGF-D is transiently induced in brain endothelial cells at the injury site in the subacute phase. To investigate the biological significance of PDGF-D post-ischemic stroke regulation, its subacute expression was either downregulated using siRNA or upregulated using an active recombinant form. Attenuation of PDGF-D subacute induction exacerbates neuronal loss, impairs microvascular density, alters vascular permeability, and increases microvascular stalling. Increasing PDGF-D subacute bioavailability rescues neuronal survival and improves neurological recovery. PDGF-D subacute enhanced bioavailability promotes stable neovascularization of the injured tissue and improves brain perfusion. Notably, PDGF-D enhanced bioavailability improves pericyte association with brain endothelial cells. Cell-based assays using human brain pericyte and brain endothelial cells exposed to ischemia-like conditions were applied to investigate the underlying mechanisms. PDGF-D stimulation attenuates pericyte loss and fibrotic transition, while increasing the secretion of pro-angiogenic and vascular protective factors. Moreover, PDGF-D stimulates pericyte migration required for optimal endothelial coverage and promotes angiogenesis. Our study unravels new insights into PDGF-D contribution to neurovascular protection after ischemic stroke by rescuing the functions of pericytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Bernard
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec (CHUQ)-Université Laval, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Romain Menet
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec (CHUQ)-Université Laval, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Sarah Lecordier
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec (CHUQ)-Université Laval, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Ayman ElAli
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec (CHUQ)-Université Laval, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.
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Tian M, Zhan Y, Cao J, Gao J, Sun J, Zhang L. Targeting blood-brain barrier for sepsis-associated encephalopathy: Regulation of immune cells and ncRNAs. Brain Res Bull 2024; 209:110922. [PMID: 38458135 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, most surviving patients show acute or chronic mental disorders, which are known as sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). SAE involves many pathological processes, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. The BBB is located at the interface between the central nervous system and the surrounding environment, which protects the central nervous system (CNS) from the invasion of exogenous molecules, harmful substances or microorganisms in the blood. Recently, a growing number of studies have indicated that the BBB destruction was involved in SAE and played an important role in SAE-induced brain injury. In the present review, we firstly reveal the pathological processes of SAE such as the neurotransmitter disorders, oxidative stress, immune dysfunction and BBB destruction. Moreover, we introduce the structure of BBB, and describe the immune cells including microglia and astrocytes that participate in the BBB destruction after SAE. Furthermore, in view of the current research on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), we explain the regulatory mechanism of ncRNAs including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) on BBB in the processes of SAE. Finally, we propose some challenges and perspectives of regulating BBB functions in SAE. Hence, on the basis of these effects, both immune cells and ncRNAs may be developed as therapeutic targets to protect BBB for SAE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yunliang Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinyuan Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinqi Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Gajghate S, Li H, Rom S. GPR55 Inactivation Diminishes Splenic Responses and Improves Neurological Outcomes in the Mouse Ischemia/Reperfusion Stroke Model. Cells 2024; 13:280. [PMID: 38334672 PMCID: PMC10855118 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Although strokes are frequent and severe, treatment options are scarce. Plasminogen activators, the only FDA-approved agents for clot treatment (tissue plasminogen activators (tPAs)), are used in a limited patient group. Moreover, there are few approaches for handling the brain's inflammatory reactions to a stroke. The orphan G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55)'s connection to inflammatory processes has been recently reported; however, its role in stroke remains to be discovered. Post-stroke neuroinflammation involves the central nervous system (CNS)'s resident microglia activation and the infiltration of leukocytes from circulation into the brain. Additionally, splenic responses have been shown to be detrimental to stroke recovery. While lymphocytes enter the brain in small numbers, they regularly emerge as a very influential leukocyte subset that causes secondary inflammatory cerebral damage. However, an understanding of how this limited lymphocyte presence profoundly impacts stroke outcomes remains largely unclear. In this study, a mouse model for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was used to mimic ischemia followed by a reperfusion (IS/R) stroke. GPR55 inactivation, with a potent GPR55-specific antagonist, ML-193, starting 6 h after tMCAO or the absence of the GPR55 in mice (GPR55 knock out (GPR55ko)) resulted in a reduced infarction volume, improved neurological outcomes, and decreased splenic responses. The inhibition of GPR55 with ML-193 diminished CD4+T-cell spleen egress and attenuated CD4+T-cell brain infiltration. Additionally, ML-193 treatment resulted in an augmented number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the brain post-tMCAO. Our report offers documentation and the functional evaluation of GPR55 in the brain-spleen axis and lays the foundation for refining therapeutics for patients after ischemic attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Gajghate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hongbo Li
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
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Yao SQ, Ye Y, Li Q, Wang XY, Yan L, Huo XM, Pan CS, Fu Y, Liu J, Han JY. YangXueQingNaoWan attenuated blood brain barrier disruption after thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator in ischemia stroke. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:117024. [PMID: 37572928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANT YangXueQingNaoWan (YXQNW), a compound Chinese medicine, has been widely used for dizziness, irritability, insomnia, and dreaminess caused by blood deficiency and liver hyperactivity in China. However, whether YXQNW can inhibit cerebral microvascular exudation and cerebral hemorrhage (CH) caused by blood brain barrier (BBB) damage after tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) still unknown. AIM OF THE RESEARCH To observe the effect of YXQNW on cerebral microvascular exudation and CH after tPA and investigate its mechanism in protecting BBB. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male C57BL/6 N mice suffered from ischemia stroke by mechanical detachment of carotid artery thrombi with the stimulation of ferric chloride. Then mice were treated with tPA (10 mg/kg) and/or YXQNW (0.72 g/kg) at 4.5 h. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), infarct size, survival rate, neurological scores, gait analysis, Evans blue extravasation, cerebral water content, fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled albumin leakage, hemorrhage, junction and basement membrane proteins expression, leukocyte adhesion and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression were evaluated 24 h after tPA. Proteomics was used to identify target proteins. RESULTS YXQNW inhibited cerebral infarction, neurobehavioral deficits, decreased survival, Evans blue leakage, albumin leakage, cerebral water content and CH after tPA thrombolysis; improved CBF, low-expression and degradation of junction proteins, basement membrane proteins, Arhgap21 and its downstream α-catenin and β-catenin proteins expression; and suppressed the increase of adherent leukocytes and the release of MMP-9 derived from macrophage. CONCLUSION YXQNW relieved BBB damage and attenuated cerebral microvascular exudation and CH after tPA thrombolysis. The effect of YXQNW on cerebral microvascular exudation was associated with the inhibition of the low-expression of junction proteins, especially AJs mediated by Rho GTPase-activating protein 21 (Arhgap21), while the effect on CH was associated with the inhibition of leukocyte adhesion, the release of MMP-9 derived from macrophage, and low-expression and degradation of collagen IV and laminin in the vascular basement membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qi Yao
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; The Key Discipline for Basic Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (microcirculation) of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China; The Key Discipline for Basic Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (microcirculation) of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Wang
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; The Key Discipline for Basic Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (microcirculation) of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China; The Key Discipline for Basic Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (microcirculation) of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin-Mei Huo
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China; The Key Discipline for Basic Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (microcirculation) of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China; The Key Discipline for Basic Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (microcirculation) of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; The Key Discipline for Basic Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (microcirculation) of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China; The Key Discipline for Basic Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine (microcirculation) of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100191, China.
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Liu X, Geng X, Shi Y, Liang J, Zhao L. Biomimetic oxygen-boosted hybrid membrane nanovesicles as the treatment strategy for ischemic stroke with the concept of the neurovascular unit. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 148:213379. [PMID: 36934713 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease has revealed that ischemic stroke often leads to deprivation of oxygen, blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage and enhanced inflammatory activation, eventually causing severe brain tissue damage. Herein, we prepared hybrid membrane nanovesicles (YC-1@[RBC-PL] NVs) composed of red blood cell (RBC) membrane and platelet (PL) membrane encapsulating hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) inhibitor YC-1 for contributing to the protection of the neurovascular unit (NVU) in ischemic stroke. YC-1@[RBC-PL] NVs targeted the ischemic brain by the thrombus targeting properties of PL membrane and relieved the hypoxia inside ischemic brain in the presence of YC-1 and catalase in YC-1@[RBC-PL] NVs. Finally, YC-1@[RBC-PL] NVs attenuated ischemic injury to NVU by reducing infarct volume, preserving BBB integrity, and blocking activation of astrocyte and microglia in a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Xinrong Geng
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Yijie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
| | - Jia Liang
- Life Science Institution, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
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Wang Y, Wu J, Wang J, He L, Lai H, Zhang T, Wang X, Li W. Mitochondrial oxidative stress in brain microvascular endothelial cells: Triggering blood-brain barrier disruption. Mitochondrion 2023; 69:71-82. [PMID: 36709855 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier disruption plays an important role in central nervous system diseases. This review provides information on the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in brain microvascular endothelial cells in cellular dysfunction, the disruption of intercellular junctions, transporter dysfunction, abnormal angiogenesis, neurovascular decoupling, and the involvement and aggravation of vascular inflammation and illustrates related molecular mechanisms. In addition, recent drug and nondrug therapies targeting cerebral vascular endothelial cell mitochondria to repair the blood-brain barrier are discussed. This review shows that mitochondrial oxidative stress disorder in brain microvascular endothelial cells plays a key role in the occurrence and development of blood-brain barrier damage and may be critical in various pathological mechanisms of blood-brain barrier damage. These new findings suggest a potential new strategy for the treatment of central nervous system diseases through mitochondrial modulation of cerebral vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Jiexin Wang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Linxi He
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Han Lai
- School of Foreign Languages, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Tian Zhang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
| | - Weihong Li
- Basic Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610000, PR China.
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8
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Liu X, Du Y, Liu J, Cheng L, He W, Zhang W. Ferrostatin-1 alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through activation of the AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2023; 193:146-157. [PMID: 36596364 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the major cause of disability and death worldwide, but post-stroke neuronal death and related mechanisms remain unclear. Ferroptosis, a newly identified type of regulated cell death, has been shown to be associated with neurological disorders, yet the exact relationship between ferroptosis and ischemic stroke has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of ferroptosis-specific inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) on neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and the underlying mechanism. In this study, we demonstrated that ferroptosis does occur in the stroke model. We found that Fer-1 reduced the levels of iron and malondialdehyde, and increased the content of glutathione and the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 in cerebral I/R models. Additionally, Fer-1 significantly reduced the infarct volume and improved neurobehavioral outcomes. Moreover, we found that Fer-1 increased the levels of phosphorylated AKT and GSK3β following cerebral I/R. To further investigate the functional role of the AKT in the neuroprotective effects of Fer-1, MCAO models and oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced HT22 cells were pretreated with the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 before treatment with Fer-1 and the protective effects of Fer-1 were reversed. In conclusion, Fer-1 has protective effects on cerebral I/R injury by activating the AKT/GSK3β pathway, indicating that ferroptosis may become a novel target in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Linggang Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wen He
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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9
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Ye Y, Xin XY, Zhang HL, Fan RW, Zhu YT, Li D. A modified mouse model of haemorrhagic transformation associated with tPA administration after thromboembolic stroke. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13102. [PMID: 36747951 PMCID: PMC9898747 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To establish a new mouse model of haemorrhagic transformation associated with delayed tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment to provide a novel tool to study therapeutic strategies for haemorrhagic transformation. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to carotid artery thrombosis stimulated with ferric chloride. The thrombus was then mechanically detached to induce migration toward the intracranial circulation. To induce haemorrhagic transformation, mice were intravenously injected with 10 mg/kg tPA 4.5 h after the onset of ischaemia and were sacrificed 24 h after tPA treatment. Results In this new model, administration of tPA 4.5 h after stroke exacerbated the risk of intracerebral haemorrhage. Thrombolysis with tPA also exacerbated cerebral infarction, brain oedema, blood-brain barrier breakdown, and neurological deficits. However, cerebral blood flow was not significantly affected. Conclusion The present model is reproducible, easy to perform, and mimics the clinical situation of haemorrhagic transformation after tPA treatment in humans. This modified model can be used as a new tool to test experimental drugs for haemorrhagic transformation associated with delayed tPA administration after an ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China,Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi-Yan Xin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao-Lin Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rui-Wen Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-Tian Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China,Corresponding author.
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10
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Hao DL, Li JM, Xie R, Huo HR, Xiong XJ, Sui F, Wang PQ. The role of traditional herbal medicine for ischemic stroke: from bench to clinic-A critical review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154609. [PMID: 36610141 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and severe long-term disability worldwide. Over the past few decades, considerable progress has been made in anti-ischemic therapies. However, IS remains a tremendous challenge, with favourable clinical outcomes being generally difficult to achieve from candidate drugs in preclinical phase testing. Traditional herbal medicine (THM) has been used to treat stroke for over 2,000 years in China. In modern times, THM as an alternative and complementary therapy have been prescribed in other Asian countries and have gained increasing attention for their therapeutic effects. These millennia of clinical experience allow THM to be a promising avenue for improving clinical efficacy and accelerating drug discovery. PURPOSE To summarise the clinical evidence and potential mechanisms of THMs in IS. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in seven electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, the VIP Information Database, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and the Wanfang Database, from inception to 17 June 2022 to examine the efficacy and safety of THM for IS, and to investigate experimental studies regarding potential mechanisms. RESULTS THM is widely prescribed for IS alone or as adjuvant therapy. In clinical trials, THM is generally administered within 72 h of stroke onset and are continuously prescribed for over 3 months. Compared with Western medicine (WM), THM combined with routine WM can significantly improve neurological function defect scores, promote clinical total effective rate, and accelerate the recovery time of stroke with fewer adverse effects (AEs). These effects can be attributed to multiple mechanisms, mainly anti-inflammation, antioxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, brain blood barrier (BBB) modulation, inhibition of platelet activation and thrombus formation, and promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS THM may be a promising candidate for IS management to guide clinical applications and as a reference for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Li Hao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jia-Meng Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ran Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hai-Ru Huo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xing-Jiang Xiong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Sui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Peng-Qian Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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Tian Q, Yin H, Li J, Jiang J, Ren B, Liu J. Neuroprotective, Anti-inflammatory Effect of Furanochrome, Visnagin Against Middle Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Rat Model. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5767-5780. [PMID: 35819694 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the medical field had significantly progressed to a greater extent which was evidenced with increased life expectancy and decreased mortality rate. Due to the growth of medical field, numerous communicable diseases are prevented and eradicated, whereas the non-communicable disease incidence has been increased globally. One such non-communicable disease which threatens the global population is stroke. Stroke tends to be the second leading cause of death and disability in older population. In lower- and middle-income countries, increased incidence rate of stroke was also evidenced in younger population which is alarming. Lifestyle changes, poor physical activity, stress, consumption of alcohol, oral contraception, and smoking tend to be the causative agents of stroke. Since thrombus formation is the major pathology of stroke, drugs were targeted to thrombolysis. Currently thrombolytic, antiplatelet, and anticoagulant therapies were given for the stroke patients. But the recovery rate of stroke patients with available drugs is very slow. Hence, it is a need of today to discover a drug with increased recovery rate and decreased or nil side effects. Phytochemicals are the best options to treat such non-communicable chronic diseases. Visnagin is one such compound which is used to regulate blood pressure, treat kidney stones, tumors of bile duct, renal colic, and whooping cough. It possesses anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective properties; it was also proven to treat epileptic seizures. In this study, the anti-ischemic effect of a furanochrome visnagin was assessed in in vivo rat model. Middle cerebral ischemic/reperfusion was induced in healthy male Sprague Dawley rats and treated with different concentrations of visnagin. The neuroprotective effect of visnagin against cerebral ischemia-induced rats was assessed by analyzing the neurological score, brain edema, infract volume, and Evans blue leakage. The anti-inflammatory property of visnagin was assessed by quantifying proinflammatory cytokines in serum and brain tissues of cerebral ischemia-induced rats. Prostaglandin E-2, COX-2, and NFκ-β were estimated to assess the anti-ischemic effect of visnagin. Histopathological analysis with H&E staining was performed to confirm the neuroprotective effect of visnagin against cerebral ischemia. Our results authentically confirm that visnagin has prevented the inflammation in brain region of cerebral ischemia-induced rats. The neurological scoring and the quantification of PGE-2, COX-2, and NFκ-β prove the anti-ischemic effect of visnagin. Furthermore, the histopathological analysis of hippocampal region provides evidence to the neuroprotective effect of visnagin against cerebral ischemia. Overall, our study confirms visnagin as a potent alternative drug to treat stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangyuan Tian
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, No. 211, Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi City, 276003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Hua Yin
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, No. 211, Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi City, 276003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jisen Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, No. 211, Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi City, 276003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinggong Jiang
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, No. 211, Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi City, 276003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Binbin Ren
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, No. 211, Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi City, 276003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Junhui Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases Center, Linyi Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, No. 211, Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi City, 276003, Shandong Province, China
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Zhu X, Li H, You W, Yu Z, Wang Z, Shen H, Li X, Yu H, Wang Z, Chen G. Role of Rph3A in brain injury induced by experimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model in rats. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1124-1138. [PMID: 35467084 PMCID: PMC9160444 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim was to study the role of Rph3A in neuronal injury induced by cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion. Methods The protein and mRNA levels of Rph3A in penumbra were detected by Western blot. The localization of Rph3A in different cell types in penumbra was detected by immunofluorescence. Apoptosis in the brain was detected by TUNEL staining. We tested neurobehavioral evaluation using rotarod test, adhesive‐removal test, and Morris Water maze test. We examined the expression and localization of Rph3A in cultured neurons and astrocytes in vitro by Western blot and ELISA, respectively. Results The mRNA and protein levels of Rph3A had significantly increased in brain penumbra of the rat MCAO/R model. Rph3A was mainly distributed in neurons and astrocytes and was significantly increased by MCAO/R. We downregulated Rph3A and found that it further worsened the cerebral infarct, neuronal death and behavioral, cognitive, and memory impairments in rats after MCAO/R. We also found that ischemia‐reperfusion upregulated the in vitro protein level and secretion of Rph3A in astrocytes but led to a decrease in the protein level of Rph3A in neurons. Conclusion The increase in Rph3A in the brain penumbra may be an endogenous protective mechanism against ischemia‐reperfusion injury, which is mainly dominated by astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanchun You
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zongqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Nantong city, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Ye Y, Zhu YT, Xin XY, Zhang JC, Zhang HL, Li D. Efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine for tPA thrombolysis in experimental stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154072. [PMID: 35349833 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the sole FDA approved thrombolytic drug for ischemic stroke. But delayed thrombolytic therapy with tPA may increase the risk of hemorrhagic transformation. Many Chinese herbal medicines have been used as tPA helpers to enhance the capacity of tPA and minimize the risk of hemorrhagic transformation. The efficacy of Chinese herbal medicines on tPA thrombolysis is not systematically analyzed. METHODS We searched the following three databases up to January 2022: Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. Studies that reported the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicines on tPA thrombolysis in experimental stroke were included. The efficacy outcomes were neurological score and infarct volume, the safety outcomes were cerebral hemorrhage and blood brain barrier (BBB) damage. We used the checklist of CAMARADES to assess the quality of included studies. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess all the outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Trim and fill method and Egger's test were used to assess the potential publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were used to identify the stability of the results. RESULTS A total of nine studies including 11 Chinese herbal medicines fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were subsequently analyzed. The pooled data demonstrated that Chinese herbal medicines improved neurological score (2.23 SMD, 1.42-3.04), infarct volume (1.08 SMD, 0.62-1.54), attenuated cerebral hemorrhage (1.87 SMD, 1.34-2.4), and BBB dysfunction (1.9 SMD, 1.35-2.45) following tPA thrombolysis in experimental stroke. Subgroup analysis indicated that the route of drug delivery, dosage of tPA, and stroke model used may be factors inducing heterogeneity and influencing the efficacy. CONCLUSION Treatment with Chinese herbal medicines significantly improved neurological score and infarct volume, reduced cerebral hemorrhage and BBB damage after tPA thrombolysis. This study supports Chinese herbal medicine as an adjuvant therapy in reducing the side effects of tPA thrombolysis after acute ischemic stroke. The results should be interpreted with more caution since this article was based on animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tian Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Yan Xin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Lin Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Ye Y, Li Q, Pan CS, Yan L, Sun K, Wang XY, Yao SQ, Fan JY, Han JY. QiShenYiQi Inhibits Tissue Plasminogen Activator-Induced Brain Edema and Hemorrhage after Ischemic Stroke in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:759027. [PMID: 35095486 PMCID: PMC8790519 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.759027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the only approved drug therapy for acute ischemic stroke. However, delayed tPA treatment is associated with an increased risk of brain hemorrhage. In this study, we assessed whether QiShenYiQi (QSYQ), a compound Chinese medicine, can attenuate tPA-induced brain edema and hemorrhage in an experimental stroke model. Methods: Male mice were subjected to ferric chloride-induced carotid artery thrombosis followed by mechanical detachment of thrombi. Then mice were treated with QSYQ at 2.5 h followed by administration of tPA (10 mg/kg) at 4.5 h. Hemorrhage, infarct size, neurological score, cerebral blood flow, Evans blue extravasation, FITC-labeled albumin leakage, tight and adherens junction proteins expression, basement membrane proteins expression, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression, leukocyte adhesion, and leukocyte infiltration were assessed 24 h after tPA administration. Results: Compared with tPA alone treatments, the combination therapy of QSYQ and tPA significantly reduced hemorrhage, infarction, brain edema, Evans blue extravasation, albumin leakage, leukocyte adhesion, MMP-9 expression, and leukocyte infiltration at 28.5 h after stroke. The combination also significantly improved the survival rate, cerebral blood flow, tight and adherens junction proteins (occludin, claudin-5, junctional adhesion molecule-1, zonula occludens-1, VE-cadherin, α-catenin, β-catenin) expression, and basement membrane proteins (collagen IV, laminin) expression. Addition of QSYQ protected the downregulated ATP 5D and upregulated p-Src and Caveolin-1 after tPA treatment. Conclusion: Our results show that QSYQ inhibits tPA-induced brain edema and hemorrhage by protecting the blood-brain barrier integrity, which was partly attributable to restoration of energy metabolism, protection of inflammation and Src/Caveolin signaling activation. The present study supports QSYQ as an effective adjunctive therapy to increase the safety of delayed tPA thrombolysis for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ye
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Wang
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shu-Qi Yao
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Li R, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Li J, Zheng Y, Fan X. The natural (poly)phenols as modulators of microglia polarization via TLR4/NF-κB pathway exert anti-inflammatory activity in ischemic stroke. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 914:174660. [PMID: 34863710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidences suggest that inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of stroke, a devastating disease second only to cardiac ischemia as a cause of death worldwide. Microglia are the first non-neuronal cells on the scene during the innate immune response to acute ischemic stroke. Microglia respond to acute brain injury by activating and developing classic M1-like (pro-inflammatory) or alternative M2-like (anti-inflammatory) phenotypes. M1 microglia produce pro-inflammatory cytokines to exacerbate neural death, astrocyte apoptosis, and blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption, while M2 microglia play the opposite role. NF-κB, a central regulator of the inflammatory response, was responsible for microglia M1 and M2 polarization. NF-κB p65 and p50 form a heterodimer to initiate a pro-inflammatory cytokine response, which enhances M1 activation and impair M2 response of microglia. TLR4, expressed on the surface of microglia, plays an important role in activating NF-κB, ultimately causing the M1 response of microglia. Therefore, modulation of microglial phenotypes via TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway may be a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke. Dietary (poly)phenols are present in various foods, which have shown promising protective effects on ischemic stroke. In vivo studies strongly suggest that many (poly)phenols have a pronounced impact on ischemic stroke, as demonstrated by lower neuroinflammation. Thus, this review focuses on the anti-inflammatory properties of dietary (poly)phenols and discusses their effects on the polarization of microglia through modulating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in the ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqi Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jieying Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yingyi Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Mitochondrial Transplantation Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Component Separation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1006636. [PMID: 34849186 PMCID: PMC8627565 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1006636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dysfunctions play a pivotal role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Although mitochondrial transplantation has been recently explored for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury, the underlying mechanisms and fate of transplanted mitochondria are still poorly understood. Methods Mitochondrial morphology and function were assessed by fluorescent staining, electron microscopy, JC-1, PCR, mitochondrial stress testing, and metabolomics. Therapeutic effects of mitochondria were evaluated by cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis levels in a cellular hypoxia-reoxygenation model. Rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model was applied to assess the mitochondrial therapy in vivo. Transcriptomics was performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Mitochondrial fate tracking was implemented by a variety of fluorescent labeling methods. Results Neuro-2a (N2a) cell-derived mitochondria had higher mitochondrial membrane potential, more active oxidative respiration capacity, and less mitochondrial DNA copy number. Exogenous mitochondrial transplantation increased cellular viability in an oxygen-dependent manner, decreased ROS and apoptosis levels, improved neurobehavioral deficits, and reduced infarct size. Transcriptomic data showed that the differential gene enrichment pathways are associated with metabolism, especially lipid metabolism. Mitochondrial tracking indicated specific parts of the exogenous mitochondria fused with the mitochondria of the host cell, and others were incorporated into lysosomes. This process occurred at the beginning of internalization and its efficiency is related to intercellular connection. Conclusions Mitochondrial transplantation may attenuate cerebral I/R injury. The mechanism may be related to mitochondrial component separation, altering cellular metabolism, reducing ROS, and apoptosis in an oxygen-dependent manner. The way of isolated mitochondrial transfer into the cell may be related to intercellular connection.
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Zhang J, Hu K, Di L, Wang P, Liu Z, Zhang J, Yue P, Song W, Zhang J, Chen T, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhan C, Cheng YC, Li X, Li Q, Fan JY, Shen Y, Han JY, Qiao H. Traditional herbal medicine and nanomedicine: Converging disciplines to improve therapeutic efficacy and human health. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113964. [PMID: 34499982 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Traditional herbal medicine (THM), an ancient science, is a gift from nature. For thousands of years, it has helped humans fight diseases and protect life, health, and reproduction. Nanomedicine, a newer discipline has evolved from exploitation of the unique nanoscale morphology and is widely used in diagnosis, imaging, drug delivery, and other biomedical fields. Although THM and nanomedicine differ greatly in time span and discipline dimensions, they are closely related and are even evolving toward integration and convergence. This review begins with the history and latest research progress of THM and nanomedicine, expounding their respective developmental trajectory. It then discusses the overlapping connectivity and relevance of the two fields, including nanoaggregates generated in herbal medicine decoctions, the application of nanotechnology in the delivery and treatment of natural active ingredients, and the influence of physiological regulatory capability of THM on the in vivo fate of nanoparticles. Finally, future development trends, challenges, and research directions are discussed.
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Zhang J, Guo F, Zhou R, Xiang C, Zhang Y, Gao J, Cao G, Yang H. Proteomics and transcriptome reveal the key transcription factors mediating the protection of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 92:153613. [PMID: 34500302 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transcription factors (TFs) play a critical role in the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) are extensively used in the treatment of acute cerebral ischemia in China, but the mechanism of their effects, especially at the TF level, remains unclear. In this study, a combination of transcriptomics, proteomics and network pharmacology analysis was used to identify the key TFs involved in the protection of PNS against middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced IRI. METHODS AND RESULTS Sprague-Dawley rats which were subjected to 1.5 hours of MCAO-induced occlusionand then followed by reperfusion, were treated with PNS at a concentration of 36 mg/kg or 72 mg/kg daily for 7 days. PNS significantly decreased neurological deficient scores and infarction rate; prevented cerebral tissue damage; and reduced CASP3 activity, levels of TNF, IL1B and CCL2 after IRI. Through a combination of transcriptomics and proteomics, 9 critical TFs were identified, including Excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2), Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3 (NR4A3) and 7 other TFs. The targets of ERCC2 and NR4A3, such as Ubxn11, Ush2a, Numr2, Oxt, Ubxn11, Scrt2, Ttc34 and Lrrc23, were verified by using real-time PCR analysis. RNA-seq analyses indicated that PNS regulated nerve system development and inflammation, and the majority of the identified TFs were also involved in these processes. By using network pharmacology analysis, 73 chemical components in PNS were predicted to affect ERCC2, NR4A3 and 3 other identified TFs. CONCLUSION ERCC2, NR4A3 and 7 other TFs were of importance in the protection of PNS against IRI. This study promoted the understanding of protective mechanism of PNS against cerebral IRI and facilitated the identification of possible targets of PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Changpei Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jinhuan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guangzhao Cao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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19
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Chen G, Zhang J, Sheng M, Zhang S, Wu Q, Liu L, Yu B, Kou J. Serum of limb remote ischemic postconditioning inhibits fMLP-triggered activation and reactive oxygen species releasing of rat neutrophils. Redox Rep 2021; 26:176-183. [PMID: 34663202 PMCID: PMC8530488 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1982515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study explores the protective role of the peripheral serum of limb remote ischemic postconditioning (LRIP) in reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and neutrophil activation, which are responsible for the deleterious reperfusion injury. Methods LRIP was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats by three cycles of 5 min occlusion /5 min reperfusion on the left hind limb. The blood samples were collected before LRIP or 0 and 1 h after LRIP (named SerumSham, SerumLRIP0, SerumLRIP1, respectively). The effects of LRIP serum on ROS level and neutrophils activation were determined. The expression of MyD88-TRAF6-MAPKs and PI3K/AKT pathways in neutrophils were examined. Results When compared with SerumSham, SerumLRIP0 and SerumLRIP1 significantly reduced the ROS released from neutrophils activated by fMLP. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox and multiple ROS-producing related key proteins, such as NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox ser 304, ser 345. MyD88, p-ERK, p-JNK and p-P38 expression of neutrophils were downregulated by SerumLRIP0 and SerumLRIP1. SerumLRIP1 also downregulated p47phox mRNA expression and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) protein expression. Conclusion LRIP serum protects against ROS level and neutrophils activation involving the MyD88-TRAF6-MAPKs. This finding provides new insight into the understanding of LRIP mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangling Chen
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Boyang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junping Kou
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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20
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Yang L, Qian J, Yang B, He Q, Wang J, Weng Q. Challenges and Improvements of Novel Therapies for Ischemic Stroke. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:721156. [PMID: 34658860 PMCID: PMC8514732 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.721156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the third most common disease all over the world, which is regarded as a hotspot in medical research because of its high mortality and morbidity. Stroke, especially ischemic stroke, causes severe neural cell death, and no effective therapy is currently available for neuroregeneration after stroke. Although many therapies have been shown to be effective in preclinical studies of ischemic stroke, almost none of them passed clinical trials, and the reasons for most failures have not been well identified. In this review, we focus on several novel methods, such as traditional Chinese medicine, stem cell therapy, and exosomes that have not been used for ischemic stroke till recent decades. We summarize the proposed basic mechanisms underlying these therapies and related clinical results, discussing advantages and current limitations for each therapy emphatically. Based on the limitations such as side effects, narrow therapeutic window, and less accumulation at the injury region, structure transformation and drug combination are subsequently applied, providing a deep understanding to develop effective treatment strategies for ischemic stroke in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Qian
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Center for Drug and Cosmetic Evaluation, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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21
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Zeng M, Shao C, Zhou H, He Y, Li W, Zeng J, Zhao X, Yang J, Wan H. Protocatechudehyde improves mitochondrial energy metabolism through the HIF1α/PDK1 signaling pathway to mitigate ischemic stroke-elicited internal capsule injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 277:114232. [PMID: 34044078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The internal capsule is vulnerable to ischemia, and mild ischemic stroke often results in lesion of the internal capsule, manifested as contralateral hemiplegia. Protocatechudehyde (PCA), a potential neuroprotective agent, has shown therapeutic effects in the study of a variety of nervous system diseases, including ischemic stroke. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PCA on cerebral ischemia reperfusion (CI/R)-elicited internal capsule injury and to elucidate the role of mitochondrial energy metabolism in the underlying mechanism of neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat tMCAO model was established to investigate the therapeutic effects of intravenous PCA (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, once per day, continued for 7 days) on CI/R-induced internal capsule injury and the regulation of PCA on molecules related to mitochondrial energy metabolism. In vitro, an OGD/R model of PC12 cells was established to further verify the therapeutic mechanism of PCA. RESULTS Results showed that PCA dose-dependently attenuated neurological deficit, reduced cerebral infarction, alleviated histopathological damage, and improved mitochondrial ultrastructure of the internal capsule after CI/R. Moreover, PCA reversed the upregulation of HIF1α, PDK1 and pPDHA1 expression induced by CI/R and significantly increased the content of acetyl-CoA, ATP, and the activity of ATP synthase. In vitro, PCA treatment promoted cell survival, inhibited apoptosis, attenuated the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential in OGD/R-treated PC12 cells, and these therapeutic effects were reversed by the combination of cobalt chloride (CoCl2), a specific pharmacological inducer of HIF1a expression. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that PCA exerts a protective effect against CI/R-induced internal capsule injury and improves mitochondrial energy metabolism in the internal capsule, and the mechanism is associated with the inhibition of HIF1α/PDK1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaolin Zeng
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Chongyu Shao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Yu He
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Wentao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Jieqiong Zeng
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Xixi Zhao
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China.
| | - Haitong Wan
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China; College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China.
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22
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Jiang Y, Han J, Spencer P, Li Y, Vodovoz SJ, Ning MM, Liu N, Wang X, Dumont AS. Diabetes mellitus: A common comorbidity increasing hemorrhagic transformation after tPA thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke. BRAIN HEMORRHAGES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hest.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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23
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Liu B, Li Y, Han Y, Wang S, Yang H, Zhao Y, Li P, Wang Y. Notoginsenoside R1 intervenes degradation and redistribution of tight junctions to ameliorate blood-brain barrier permeability by Caveolin-1/MMP2/9 pathway after acute ischemic stroke. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153660. [PMID: 34344565 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The leakage of blood-brain barrier (BBB) is main pathophysiological change in acute stage of ischemic stroke, which not only deteriorates neurological function, but also increases the risk of hemorrhagic transformation after thrombolysis. PURPOSE/STUDY DESIGN This article investigates the efficacy of Notoginsenoside R1, an active ingredient of Panax notoginseng, on BBB permeability and explores related mechanisms after acute ischemic stroke. METHODS In vivo, male Sprague-Dawley rats (260-280 g) were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups: sham group, model group, low, middle and high doses of Notoginsenoside R1 groups and positive drug Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide group. Except for sham group, rats were performed with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion model in each group. Twelve hours later, rats were evaluated for Bederson neurological function, and BBB integrity by Evans blue leak imaging; Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction. Frozen sections of rats' brain tissue were prepared for detection of MMPs activity in situ zymography. Peripheral tissue of cerebral infarction was collected and tested the expression of MMP2, 9 and tight junction proteins (zo1, claudin5, occludin) by western blot. In vitro, transwell endothelial barrier model was established by bEnd.3 cells. Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) was chosen to simulate the hypoxic environment. Suitable OGD stimulation time as well as Notoginsenoside R1 and Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide optimal dose concentrations were determined through transwell leakage and CCK8 assay. Furthermore, endothelial subcellular component proteins were extracted. The change of zo1, claudin5, occludin and caveolin1 was detected by western blot. RESULTS Notoginsenoside R1 treatment significantly reduced BBB leakage and cerebral infarction volume, weakened neurological deficits in post-stroke rats. Moreover, it inhibited the activity of MMPs in infarcted cortex and striatum, down-regulated MMP2, 9 and up-regulated zo1 and claudin5 expressions in penumbra. In vitro, Notoginsenoside R1 treatment decreased OGD-induced endothelial barrier permeability, restored expressions of zo1, claudin5 on cellular membrane and cytoplasm, as well as mediated membrane redistribution of occludin and caveolin1 from actin cytoskeletal fraction. CONCLUSIONS Notoginsenoside R1 treatment attenuates BBB permeability, cerebral infarction volume and neurological impairments in rats with acute cerebral ischemia. The mechanisms might be related to intervening degradation and redistribution of zo1, caludin5 and occludin by caveolin1/ MMP2/9 pathway. More effects and mechanisms of Notoginsenoside R1 on rehabilitation of stroke are worthy to be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yiyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.
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24
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Peng J, Volbers B, Sprügel MI, Hoelter P, Engelhorn T, Jiang Y, Kuramatsu JB, Huttner HB, Dörfler A, Schwab S, Gerner ST. Influence of Early Enteral Nutrition on Clinical Outcomes in Neurocritical Care Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2021; 12:665791. [PMID: 33959093 PMCID: PMC8093818 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.665791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Early enteral nutrition (EEN) represents the current standard of care for patients treated in general intensive care units (ICU). Specific nutritional recommendations for patients receiving dedicated neurocritical care are not established. This study investigated associations of EEN with clinical outcomes for patients suffering from intracerebral hemorrhage treated at a neurological ICU (NICU). Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients admitted to the NICU with atraumatic ICH over a 4-year period. Nutritional data, demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics were assessed. EEN was defined as any enteral nutrition within 48 hours after admission. Comparisons were undertaken for patients with EEN vs. those without, further propensity score (PS) matching (caliper 0.2; one: many) was used to account for baseline imbalances. Primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (0–3 = favorable, 4–6 = unfavorable) at 12 months, secondary outcomes comprised perihemorrhagic edema (PHE) volume, infectious complications during the hospital stay, and mRS at 3 months, as well as mortality rates at 3 and 12 months. Results: Of 166 ICH-patients treated at the NICU, 51 (30.7%) patients received EEN, and 115 (69.3%) patients received no EEN (nEEN). After propensity score matching, calories delivered from enteral nutrition (EEN 161.4 [106.4–192.3] kcal/day vs. nEEN 0.0 [0.0–0.0], P < 0.001) and the total calories (EEN 190.0 [126.0–357.0] kcal/day vs. nEEN 33.6 [0.0–190.0] kcal/day, P < 0.001) were significantly different during the first 48 h admitted in NICU. Functional outcome at 12 months (mRS 4–6, EEN 33/43 [76.7%] vs. nEEN, 49/64 [76. 6%]; P = 1.00) was similar in the two groups. There were neither differences in mRS at 3 months, nor in mortality rates at 3 and 12 months between the two groups. EEN did not affect incidence of infective complications or gastrointestinal adverse events during the hospital stay; however, EEN was associated with significantly less extent of PHE evolution [maximum absolute PHE (OR 0.822, 95% CI 0.706–0.957, P = 0.012); maximum relative PHE (OR 0.784, 95% CI 0.646–0.952, P = 0.014)]. Conclusion: In our study, EEN was associated with reduced PHE in ICH-patients treated at a NICU. However, this observation did not translate into improved survival or functional outcome at 3 and 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Peng
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Bastian Volbers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian I Sprügel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philip Hoelter
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Engelhorn
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Joji B Kuramatsu
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hagen B Huttner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Dörfler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schwab
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan T Gerner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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25
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Liu C, Xie J, Sun S, Li H, Li T, Jiang C, Chen X, Wang J, Le A, Wang J, Li Z, Wang J, Wang W. Hemorrhagic Transformation After Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:621-646. [PMID: 33125600 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00985-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a common complication after thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in ischemic stroke. In this article, recent research progress of HT in vivo and in vitro studies was reviewed. We have discussed new potential mechanisms and possible experimental models of HT development, as well as possible biomarkers and treatment methods. Meanwhile, we compared and analyzed rodent models, large animal models and in vitro BBB models of HT, and the limitations of these models were discussed. The molecular mechanism of HT was investigated in terms of BBB disruption, rt-PA neurotoxicity and the effect of neuroinflammation, matrix metalloproteinases, reactive oxygen species. The clinical features to predict HT were represented including blood biomarkers and clinical factors. Recent progress in neuroprotective strategies to improve HT after stroke treated with rt-PA is outlined. Further efforts need to be made to reduce the risk of HT after rt-PA therapy and improve the clinical prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengli Liu
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- Department of Ultrasound Imaging, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Anh Le
- Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jiarui Wang
- The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Zhanfei Li
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Henan, 450000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Traumatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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He R, Jiang Y, Shi Y, Liang J, Zhao L. Curcumin-laden exosomes target ischemic brain tissue and alleviate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 117:111314. [PMID: 32919674 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease has revealed that ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury often leads to aggravation of metabolic oxidative stress and blood-brain barrier (BBB) destruction, eventually causing secondary brain tissue damage. Accumulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in focal ischemia activate mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and damage the BBB by degrading tight junction proteins (TJPs). Herein, we report macrophage-derived exosomes (Ex) loaded with curcumin (cur) as a multifunctional biomimetic delivery vehicle (Ex-cur) for targeting ischemic brain tissue and alleviating cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis in a transient cerebral ischemia rat model. The design principle relies on unique features of macrophage-derived exosomes and the natural ingredient cur. Specifically, cur can be entrapped within exosomes when incubated with murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells, and its stability is subsequently significantly improved. The resultant Ex-cur can target ischemic regions by leveraging the targeting migration capability of Ex driven by inflammation. Accumulated Ex-cur in ischemic regions is experimentally proven to be highly effective at reducing ROS accumulation by virtue of the antioxidant properties of cur. Using Ex-cur to down-regulate ROS accumulation in lesions, we alleviate BBB damage and suppress mitochondria-mediated neuronal apoptosis, which is confirmed by a series of relevant protein analysis. These findings demonstrate good therapeutic efficacy of Ex-cur for treating I/R injury, providing experimental evidence for the potential clinical benefits of Ex-cur for other modes of neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi He
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Yibing Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Yijie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Jia Liang
- Life Science Institution, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
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Bernstein DL, Rom S. Let-7g* and miR-98 Reduce Stroke-Induced Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Mouse Brain. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:632. [PMID: 32766248 PMCID: PMC7379105 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a debilitating illness facing healthcare today, affecting over 800,000 people and causing over 140,000 deaths each year in the United States. Despite being the third-leading cause of death, very few treatments currently exist for stroke. Often, during an ischemic attack, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is significantly damaged, which can lead to altered interactions with the immune system, and greatly worsen the damage from a stroke. The impaired, BBB promotes the infiltration of peripheral inflammatory cells into the brain, secreting deleterious mediators (cytokines/chemokines) and resulting in permanent barrier injury. let-7 microRNAs (miRs) are critical for regulating immune responses within the BBB, particularly after ischemic stroke. We have previously shown how transient stroke decreases expression of multiple let-7 miRs, and that restoration of expression confers significant neuroprotection, reduction in brain infiltration by neutrophils, monocytes and T cells. However, the specific mechanisms of action of let-7 miRs remain unexplored, though emerging evidence implicates a range of impacts on cytokines. In the current study, we evaluate the impacts of miR-98 and let-7g* on targeting of cytokine mRNAs, cytokine release following ischemic stroke, and cell-specific changes to the neurovascular space. We determined that miR-98 specifically targets IP-10, while let-7g* specifically aims IL-8, and attenuates their levels. Both produce strong impacts on CCL2 and CCL5. Further, let-7g* strongly improves neurovascular perfusion following ischemic stroke. Together, the results of the study indicate that let-7 miRs are critical for mediating endothelial-immune reactions and improving recovery following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Fan X, Elkin K, Shi Y, Zhang Z, Cheng Y, Gu J, Liang J, Wang C, Ji X. Schisandrin B improves cerebral ischemia and reduces reperfusion injury in rats through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition. Neurol Res 2020; 42:693-702. [PMID: 32657248 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1782079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It has been established that poor outcomes in ischemic stroke patients are associated with the post-reperfusion inflammatory response and up-regulation of TLR4. Therefore, suppression of the TLR4 signaling pathway constitutes a potential neuroprotective therapeutic strategy. Schisandrin B, a compound extracted from Schisandra chinensis, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, the therapeutic effect of schisandrin B was assessed following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury in a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) in rats. The effects of schisandrin B were investigated with particular emphasis on TLR4 signal transduction and on the inflammatory response. Schisandrin B treatment conferred significant protection against MCAO/R injury, as evidenced by decreases in infarct volume, neurological score, and the number of apoptotic neurons and inflammatory signaling molecules. ABBREVIATIONS I/R: schemia/reperfusion; IL: interleukin; MCAO/R: middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion; NF-κB: nuclear; TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjuan Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , Nantong, China
| | - Kenneth Elkin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yunwei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University , Nantong, China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University , Nantong, China
| | - Yaqin Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University , Nantong, China
| | - Jingxiao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University , Nantong, China
| | - Jiale Liang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University , Nantong, China
| | - Caiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University , Nantong, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing, China
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29
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Bernstein DL, Gajghate S, Reichenbach NL, Winfield M, Persidsky Y, Heldt NA, Rom S. let-7g counteracts endothelial dysfunction and ameliorating neurological functions in mouse ischemia/reperfusion stroke model. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:543-555. [PMID: 32017988 PMCID: PMC7316629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a debilitating disease, accounting for almost 20% of all hospital visits, and 8% of all fatalities in the United States in 2017. Following an ischemic attack, inflammatory processes originating from endothelial cells within the brain microvasculature can induce many toxic effects into the impacted area, from both sides of the blood brain barrier (BBB). In addition to increased BBB permeability, impacted brain microvascular endothelial cells can recruit macrophages and other immune cells from the periphery and can also trigger the activation of microglia and astrocytes within the brain. We have identified a key microRNA, let-7g, which levels were drastically diminished as consequence of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro ischemia/reperfusion conditions, respectively. We have observed that let-7g* liposome-based delivery is capable of attenuating inflammation after stroke, reducing BBB permeability, limiting brain infiltration by CD3+CD4+ T-cells and Ly6G+ neutrophils, lessening microglia activation and neuronal death. These effects consequently improved clinical outcomes, shown by mitigating post-stroke gait asymmetry and extremity motor function. Due to the role of the endothelium in propagating the effects of stroke and other inflammation, treatments which can reduce endothelial inflammation and limit ischemic damage and improving recovery after a stroke are required. Our findings demonstrate a critical link between the CNS inflammation and the immune system reaction and lay important groundwork for future stroke pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Bernstein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sachin Gajghate
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Nancy L Reichenbach
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Malika Winfield
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Nathan A Heldt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Slava Rom
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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30
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Wang Y, Xiao G, He S, Liu X, Zhu L, Yang X, Zhang Y, Orgah J, Feng Y, Wang X, Zhang B, Zhu Y. Protection against acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by QiShenYiQi via neuroinflammatory network mobilization. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109945. [PMID: 32028240 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI) is a common feature of ischemic stroke, involving a period of impaired blood supply to the brain, followed by the restoration of cerebral perfusion through medical intervention. Although ischemia and reperfusion brain damage is a complex pathological process with an unclear physiological mechanism, more attention is currently focused on the neuroinflammatory response of an ischemia/reperfusion origin, and anti-inflammatory appears to be a potential therapeutic strategy following ischemic stroke. QiShenYiQi (QSYQ), a component-based Chinese medicine with Qi-tonifying and blood-activating property, has pharmacological actions of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, mitochondrial protectant, anti-apoptosis, and antiplatelet aggregation. We have previously reported that the cardioprotective effect of QSYQ against ischemia/reperfusion injury is via improvement of mitochondrial functional integrity. In this research work, we aimed to investigate the possible mechanism involved in the neuroprotection of QSYQ in mice model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury based on the inflammatory pathway. The cerebral protection was evaluated in the stroke mice after 24 h reperfusion by assessing the neurological deficit, cerebral infarction, brain edema, BBB functionality, and via histopathological assessment. TCM-based network pharmacology method was performed to establish and analyze compound-target-disease & function-pathway network so as to find the possible mechanism linking to the role of QSYQ in CI/RI. In addition, RT-qPCR was used to verify the accuracy of predicted signaling gene expression. As a result, improvement of neurological outcome, reduction of infarct volume and brain edema, a decrease in BBB disruption, and amelioration of histopathological alteration were observed in mice pretreated with QSYQ after experimental stroke surgery. Network pharmacology analysis revealed neuroinflammatory response was associated with the action of QSYQ in CI/RI. RT-qPCR data showed that the mice pretreated with QSYQ could significantly decrease IFNG-γ, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB p65, and TLR-4 mRNA levels and increase TGF-β1 mRNA level in the brain compared to the untreated mice after CI/RI (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study indicated the cerebral protective effect of pretreatment with QSYQ against CI/RI, which may be partly related to its potential to the reduction of neuroinflammatory response in a stroke subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yule Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Guangxu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - John Orgah
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Boli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beihua South Road, JingHai District, Tianjin 301617, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China.
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31
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Jiao YQ, Huang P, Yan L, Sun K, Pan CS, Li Q, Fan JY, Ma ZZ, Han JY. YangXue QingNao Wan, a Compound Chinese Medicine, Attenuates Cerebrovascular Hyperpermeability and Neuron Injury in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat: Effect and Mechanism. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1246. [PMID: 31632292 PMCID: PMC6779832 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of YangXue QingNao Wan (YXQNW), a compound Chinese medicine, on cerebrovascular hyperpermeability, neuronal injury, and related mechanisms in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). Methods Fourteen-week-old male SHR were used, with Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats as control. YXQNW (0.5 g/kg/day), enalapril (EN, 8 mg/kg/day), and nifedipine (NF, 7.1 mg/kg/day) were administrated orally for 4 weeks. To assess the effects of the YXQNW on blood pressure, the systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean blood pressure (MBP) were measured. After administering the drugs for 4 weeks, the cerebral blood flow (CBF), albumin leakage from microvessels in middle cerebral artery (MCA)-dominated area, and the number and morphology of microvessels were assessed in the hippocampus area and cortex. Neuronal damage and apoptosis were assessed by Nissl staining and TUNEL staining. To assess the mechanisms of cerebrovascular hyperpermeability, we performed immunofluorescence and Western blot to assess the expression and integrity of cerebral microvascular tight junction (TJ) and caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in cortex. Energy metabolism and Src-MLC-MLCK pathway in cortex were assessed then for elucidating the underlying mechanism of the observed effect of YXQNW. Results Spontaneously hypertensive rat exhibited higher blood pressure, Evans blue (EB) extravasation, albumin leakage, increased brain water content, decreased CBF, perivascular edema, and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus and cortex, all of which were attenuated by YXQNW treatment. YXQNW inhibited the downregulation of TJ proteins, mitochondrial Complex I, Complex II, and Complex V, and upregulation of caveolin-1, inhibiting Src/MLCK/MLC signaling in SHR. YXQNW combined with EN + NF revealed a better effect for some outcomes compared with either YXQNW or EN + NF alone. Conclusion The overall result shows the potential of YXQNW to attenuate blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in SHR, which involves regulation of energy metabolism and Src/MLCK/MLC signaling. This result provides evidence supporting the application of YXQNW as an adjuvant management for hypertensive patients to prevent hypertensive encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qian Jiao
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Li
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Ma
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,Academy of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Microcirculation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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32
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Li DT, Sun K, Huang P, Pan CS, Yan L, Ayan A, Liu YY, Fan JY, Fang WG, Han JY. Yiqifumai injection and its main ingredients attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced cerebrovascular hyperpermeability through a multi-pathway mode. Microcirculation 2019; 26:e12553. [PMID: 31059171 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Yiqifumai injection is a compound Chinese medicine used to treat microcirculatory disturbance-related diseases clinically. Our previous study proved that Yiqifumai injection pretreatment inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced venular albumin leakage in rat mesentery. This study aimed to investigate whether Yiqifumai injection attenuated cerebral microvascular hyperpermeability and corresponding contribution of its main ingredients. METHODS Rats were challenged by lipopolysaccharide infusion (5 mg/kg/h) for 90 minutes. Yiqifumai injection (160 mg/kg/h), Rb1 (5 mg/kg/h), Sch (2.5 mg/kg/h), and Rb1 (5 mg/kg/h) + Sch (2.5 mg/kg/h) were infused 30 minutes before (pretreatment) or after (post-treatment) lipopolysaccharide administration. RESULTS Both pretreatment and post-treatment with Yiqifumai injection attenuated cerebral venular albumin leakage during lipopolysaccharide infusion and cerebrovascular hyperpermeability at 72 hours after lipopolysaccharide infusion. Yiqifumai injection restrained the decreased junction protein expression, adenosine triphosphate content, and mitochondria complex I, II, IV, and V activities. Moreover, Yiqifumai injection inhibited toll-like receptor-4 expression, Src phosphorylation, and caveolin-1 expression. Its main ingredients Rb1 and Sch alone worked differently, with Rb1 being more effective for enhancing energy metabolism, while Sch attenuating toll-like receptor-4 expression and Src activation. CONCLUSION Yiqifumai injection exerts a protective and ameliorated effect on cerebral microvascular hyperpermeability, which is more effective than any of its ingredients, possibly due to the interaction of its main ingredients through a multi-pathway mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Tong Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ayididaer Ayan
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Gang Fang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Tasly Microcirculation Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovative Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Beijing Microvascular Institute of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
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33
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Lyu M, Zhou Z, Wang X, Lv H, Wang M, Pan G, Wang Y, Fan G, Gao X, Feng Y, Zhu Y. Network Pharmacology-Guided Development of a Novel Integrative Regimen to Prevent Acute Graft-vs.-Host Disease. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1440. [PMID: 30618740 PMCID: PMC6300759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lapses in the graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis and side effects of current standard care following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) call for novel regimens. Traditional approaches targeting T cells showed limited success in preventing acute GVHD (aGVHD). System medicine showed promising results treating complex diseases such as sepsis and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Adapting established network pharmacology analysis methods, we aimed to develop novel integrative regimens to prevent aGVHD. Our network pharmacology analysis predicted that Xuebijing injection (XBJ) targets a series of key node proteins in aGVHD network. It also unveiled that Salviae miltiorrhizae (Danshen), an herb in Xuebijing formula, which prevented aGVHD in rats, shares five out of six key GVHD node proteins targeted by XBJ. Interestingly, network pharmacology analysis indicated Xuebijing may share multiple aGVHD targets with Cyclosporin A (CsA), a first-line drug for preventing aGVHD in the clinic. Based on current information, we hypothesized that combination of XBJ and CsA may yield superior results in aGVHD prevention than either drug alone. We performed in vitro and in vivo assays to validate the predictions by the network pharmacology analysis. In vitro assays revealed XBJ prevented platelet aggregation and NF-κB nuclear translocation in macrophages. XBJ also promoted angiogenesis in tube-formation assay. Importantly, the combination of CsA and XBJ was effective in rescuing mice subjected to lethal GVHD. XBJ contributed to the rescue through preventing NF-κB nuclear translocation, attenuating inflammation and maintaining viability of macrophages. Overall, network pharmacology is a powerful tool to develop novel integrative regimens. Combination of XBJ and CsA may shed light on preventing aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lyu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengcan Zhou
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Lv
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Guixiang Pan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, Tianjin, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxin Feng
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, Tianjin, China
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