1
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Mehta SL, Namous H, Vemuganti R. Stroke triggers dynamic m 6A reprogramming of cerebral circular RNAs. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105802. [PMID: 38971504 PMCID: PMC11296895 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
We previously showed that stroke alters circular RNA (circRNA) expression profiles. Many circRNAs undergo epitranscriptomic modifications, particularly methylation of adenosine to form N6-methyladenosine (m6A). This modification significantly influences the circRNA metabolism and functionality. Hence, we currently evaluated if transient focal ischemia in adult C57BL/6J mice alters the m6A methylation of circRNAs. Changes in m6A were profiled in the peri-infarct cortex following immunoprecipitation coupled with microarrays. Correlation and gene ontology analyses were performed to understand the association of m6A changes with circRNA regulation and functional implications after stroke. Many circRNAs showed differential regulation (up or down) after stroke, and this change was highest at 24h of reperfusion. Notably, most circRNAs differentially regulated after stroke also exhibited temporal changes in m6A modification patterns. The majority of circRNAs that showed post-stroke differential m6A modifications were derived from protein-coding genes. Hyper-than hypomethylation of circRNAs was most prevalent after stroke. Gene ontology analysis of the host genes suggested that m6A-modified circRNAs might regulate functions such as synapse-related processes, indicating that m6A epitranscriptomic modification in circRNAs could potentially influence post-stroke synaptic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh L Mehta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Hadjer Namous
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veteran Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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2
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Fan J, Zhong L, Yan F, Li X, Li L, Zhao H, Han Z, Wang R, Tao Z, Zheng Y, Ma Q, Luo Y. Alteration of N6-methyladenosine modification profiles in the neutrophilic RNAs following ischemic stroke. Neuroscience 2024; 553:56-73. [PMID: 38945353 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most extensive RNA methylation modifications in eukaryotes and participates in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including ischemic stroke. Peripheral blood neutrophils are forerunners after ischemic brain injury and exert crucial functions. This study aims to explore the transcriptional profiles of m6A modification in neutrophils of patients with ischemic stroke. RESULTS We found that the expression levels of m6A regulators FTO and YTHDC1 were notably decreased in the neutrophils following ischemic stroke, and FTO expression was negatively correlated with neutrophil counts and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The m6A mRNA&lncRNA epigenetic transcriptome microarray identified 416 significantly upregulated and 500 significantly downregulated mRNA peaks in neutrophils of ischemic stroke patients. Moreover, 48 mRNAs and 18 lncRNAs were hypermethylated, and 115 mRNAs and 29 lncRNAs were hypomethylated after cerebral ischemia. Gene ontology (GO) analysis identified that these m6A-modified mRNAs were primarily enriched in calcium ion transport, long-term synaptic potentiation, and base-excision repair. The signaling pathways involved were EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, ErbB, and base excision repair signaling pathway. MeRIP-qPCR validation results showed that NRG1 and GDPD1 were significantly hypermethylated, and LIG1, CHRND, lncRNA RP11-442J17.2, and lncRNA RP11-600P1.2 were significantly hypomethylated after cerebral ischemia. Moreover, the expression levels of major m6A regulators Mettl3, Fto, Ythdf1, and Ythdf3 were obviously declined in the brain and leukocytes of post-stroke mouse models. CONCLUSION This study explored the RNA m6A methylation pattern in the neutrophils of ischemic stroke patients, indicating that it is an intervention target of epigenetic regulation in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfen Fan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Liyuan Zhong
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ziping Han
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhen Tao
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yangmin Zheng
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qingfeng Ma
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing 100053, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
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Li C, Liu L, Li S, Liu YS. N 6-Methyladenosine in Vascular Aging and Related Diseases: Clinical Perspectives. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1447-1473. [PMID: 37815911 PMCID: PMC11272212 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0924-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging leads to progressive deterioration of the structure and function of arteries, which eventually contributes to the development of vascular aging-related diseases. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent modification in eukaryotic RNAs. This reversible m6A RNA modification is dynamically regulated by writers, erasers, and readers, playing a critical role in various physiological and pathological conditions by affecting almost all stages of the RNA life cycle. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of m6A in vascular aging and related diseases, shedding light on its potential clinical significance. In this paper, we comprehensively discuss the current understanding of m6A in vascular aging and its clinical implications. We discuss the molecular insights into m6A and its association with clinical realities, emphasizing its significance in unraveling the mechanisms underlying vascular aging. Furthermore, we explore the possibility of m6A and its regulators as clinical indicators for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction and investigate the therapeutic potential of m6A-associated anti-aging approaches. We also examine the challenges and future directions in this field and highlight the necessity of integrating m6A knowledge into patient-centered care. Finally, we emphasize the need for multidisciplinary collaboration to advance the field of m6A research and its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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4
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Xie J, Zhang Z. Recent Advances and Therapeutic Implications of 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases in Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3949-3975. [PMID: 38041714 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a common disease with a high disability rate and mortality, which brings heavy pressure on families and medical insurance. Nowadays, the golden treatments for ischemic stroke in the acute phase mainly include endovascular therapy and intravenous thrombolysis. Some drugs are used to alleviate brain injury in patients with ischemic stroke, such as edaravone and 3-n-butylphthalide. However, no effective neuroprotective drug for ischemic stroke has been acknowledged. 2-Oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2OGDDs) are conserved and common dioxygenases whose activities depend on O2, Fe2+, and 2OG. Most 2OGDDs are expressed in the brain and are essential for the development and functions of the brain. Therefore, 2OGDDs likely play essential roles in ischemic brain injury. In this review, we briefly elucidate the functions of most 2OGDDs, particularly the effects of regulations of 2OGDDs on various cells in different phases after ischemic stroke. It would also provide promising potential therapeutic targets and directions of drug development for protecting the brain against ischemic injury and improving outcomes of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression, Department of Mental Health and Public Health, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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Lu J, Li H, Yu Z, Cao C, Xu Z, Peng L, Zhang JH, Chen G. Cathepsin B as a key regulator of ferroptosis in microglia following intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 194:106468. [PMID: 38460801 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a subtype of stroke marked by elevated mortality and disability rates. Recently, mounting evidence suggests a significant role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of ICH. Through a combination of bioinformatics analysis and basic experiments, our goal is to identify the primary cell types and key molecules implicated in ferroptosis post-ICH. This aims to propel the advancement of ferroptosis research, offering potential therapeutic targets for ICH treatment. Our study reveals pronounced ferroptosis in microglia and identifies the target gene, cathepsin B (Ctsb), by analyzing differentially expressed genes following ICH. Ctsb, a cysteine protease primarily located in lysosomes, becomes a focal point in our investigation. Utilizing in vitro and in vivo models, we explore the correlation between Ctsb and ferroptosis in microglia post-ICH. Results demonstrate that ICH and hemin-induced ferroptosis in microglia coincide with elevated levels and activity of Ctsb protein. Effective alleviation of ferroptosis in microglia after ICH is achieved through the inhibition of Ctsb protease activity and protein levels using inhibitors and shRNA. Additionally, a notable increase in m6A methylation levels of Ctsb mRNA post-ICH is observed, suggesting a pivotal role of m6A methylation in regulating Ctsb translation. These research insights deepen our comprehension of the molecular pathways involved in ferroptosis after ICH, underscoring the potential of Ctsb as a promising target for mitigating brain damage resulting from ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Chang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zhongmou Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Lu Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Anesthesiology, Physiology and Pharmacology, Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Institute of Stroke Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
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6
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Xu Y, Liu W, Ren L. Role of m6A RNA Methylation in Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04029-3. [PMID: 38363537 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a prominent contributor to global morbidity and mortality rates. The intricate and diverse mechanisms underlying ischemia-reperfusion injury remain poorly comprehended. RNA methylation, an emerging epigenetic modification, plays a crucial role in regulating numerous biological processes, including immunity, DNA damage response, tumorigenesis, metastasis, stem cell renewal, adipocyte differentiation, circadian rhythms, cellular development and differentiation, and cell division. Among the various RNA modifications, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification stands as the most prevalent in mammalian mRNA. Recent studies have demonstrated the crucial involvement of m6A modification in the pathophysiological progression of ischemic stroke. This review aims to elucidate the advancements in ischemic stroke-specific investigations pertaining to m6A modification, consolidate the underlying mechanisms implicated in the participation of m6A modification during the onset of ischemic stroke, and deliberate on the potential of m6A modification as a viable therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Lijie Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
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7
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Han F. N6-methyladenosine modification in ischemic stroke: Functions, regulation, and therapeutic potential. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25192. [PMID: 38317953 PMCID: PMC10840115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most frequently occurring internal modification in eukaryotic RNAs. By modulating various aspects of the RNA life cycle, it has been implicated in a wide range of pathological and physiological processes associated with human diseases. Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide with few treatment options and a narrow therapeutic window, and accumulating evidence has indicated the involvement of m6A modifications in the development and progression of this type of stroke. In this review, which provides insights for the prevention and clinical treatment of stroke, we present an overview of the roles played by m6A modification in ischemic stroke from three main perspectives: (1) the association of m6A modification with established risk factors for stroke, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and heart disease; (2) the roles of m6A modification regulators and their functional regulation in the pathophysiological injury mechanisms of stroke, namely oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cell death processes; and (3) the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of m6A regulators in the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
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8
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Zhao L, Song D, Li T, Li Y, Dang M, Hao Q, Fan H, Lu Z, Lu J, Heyingwang, Wang X, Jian Y, Zhang G. Identification of significant m6A regulators and immune microenvironment characterization in ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3456. [PMID: 38342932 PMCID: PMC10859379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53788-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of m6A modification in the regulation of the immune microenvironment (IME) of ischemic stroke (IS) is barely known. Thus, we aim to investigate the impact of m6A modification on the IME of IS and its diagnostic value in IS. We comprehensively assessed the m6A modification patterns, the relationship between these modification patterns and the characteristics of the IME. The m6A modification patterns of individual IS sample were quantified by m6Ascore. The performance of m6A phenotype-related genes as potential biomarkers was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Experimental validation was also performed by qRT-PCR. Six dysregulated m6A regulators were identified and a classification model consisting of four key m6A regulators (METLL3, RBMX, RBM15B, YTDHF3) could distinguish IS and healthy control samples well. METTL3 and YTHDF3 are closely related to circulating neutrophil abundance. Two distinct m6A modification patterns were determined which differed in immunocyte abundance. We also identified six m6A phenotype-related genes (APOBEC3A, PTMA, FCGR3A, LOC440926, LOC649946, and FTH1L11), and further explored their biological function. Among them, APOBEC3A, FCGR3A, and FTH1L11 were positively associated with neutrophil abundance. APOBEC3A and FCGR3A were stable diagnostic m6A-associated genes in both the discovery and validation cohorts. This study reveals that m6A modification plays a non-negligible role in the formation of a diversified and complex IME in IS. The m6A phenotype-related genes could be diagnostic biomarkers of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Dingli Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Meijuan Dang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Qian Hao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Ziwei Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Jialiang Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Heyingwang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Xiaoya Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yating Jian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Guilian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwulu, Xi'an, 710004, China.
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Song M, Yi F, Zeng F, Zheng L, Huang L, Sun X, Huang Q, Deng J, Wang H, Gu W. USP18 Stabilized FTO Protein to Activate Mitophagy in Ischemic Stroke Through Repressing m6A Modification of SIRT6. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04001-1. [PMID: 38340205 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a dangerous cerebrovascular disorder with a significant incidence and death rate. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (USP18) has been proven to mitigate ischemic brain damage; however, its potential regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In vivo and in vitro models of IS were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Neurocyte injury was detected by MTT, LDH, ROS level, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), and flow cytometry. Molecular expression was evaluated by qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Molecular mechanisms were determined by Co-IP, RIP, and MeRIP. IS injury was determined by neurological behavior score and TTC staining. Mitophagy was observed by TEM. USP18 and fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) expression declined after OGD/R. Dysfunctional mitochondrial and apoptosis in OGD/R-stimulated neurocytes were eliminated by USP18/FTO overexpression via mitophagy activation. USP18-mediated de-ubiquitination was responsible for increasing FTO protein stability. Up-regulation of FTO protein restrained m6A modification of sirtuin6 (SIRT6) in a YTHDF2-dependent manner to enhance SIRT6 expression and subsequent activation of AMPK/PGC-1α/AKT signaling. FTO induced mitophagy to ameliorate nerve cell damage through SIRT6/AMPK/PGC-1α/AKT pathway. Finally, USP18/FTO overexpression relieved IS in rats via triggering SIRT6/AMPK/PGC-1α/AKT axis-mediated mitophagy. USP18 increased FTO protein stability to trigger SIRT6-induced mitophagy, thus mitigating IS. Our data unravel the novel neuroprotective mechanism of USP18 and suggest its potential as a promising treatment target for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Song
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Hunan Province, No.87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yi
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyue Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Sun
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenping Gu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cerebrovascular Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Hunan Province, No.87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Lan L, Peng S, Zhang R, He H, Yang Y, Xi B, Zhang J. Serum proteomic biomarker investigation of vascular depression using data-independent acquisition: a pilot study. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1341374. [PMID: 38384936 PMCID: PMC10879412 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1341374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular depression (VaD) is a depressive disorder closely associated with cerebrovascular disease and vascular risk factors. It remains underestimated owing to challenging diagnostics and limited information regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms of VaD. The purpose of this study was to analyze the proteomic signatures and identify the potential biomarkers with diagnostic significance in VaD. Methods Deep profiling of the serum proteome of 35 patients with VaD and 36 controls was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Functional enrichment analysis of the quantified proteins was based on Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and Reactome databases. Machine learning algorithms were used to screen candidate proteins and develop a protein-based model to effectively distinguish patients with VaD. Results There were 29 up-regulated and 31 down-regulated proteins in the VaD group compared to the controls (|log2FC| ≥ 0.26, p ≤ 0.05). Enrichment pathways analyses showed that neurobiological processes related to synaptic vesicle cycle and axon guidance may be dysregulated in VaD. Extrinsic component of synaptic vesicle membrane was the most enriched term in the cellular components (CC) terms. 19 candidate proteins were filtered for further modeling. A nomogram was developed with the combination of HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 3 (HECTD3), Nidogen-2 (NID2), FTO alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (FTO), Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1), and N-acetylneuraminate lyase (NPL), which could be used to predict VaD risk with favorable efficacy. Conclusion This study offers a comprehensive and integrated view of serum proteomics and contributes to a valuable proteomics-based diagnostic model for VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyi Lan
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sisi Peng
- Department of Neuropsychology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoying He
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- SpecAlly Life Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Xi
- SpecAlly Life Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Junjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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11
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Yan H, Huang W, Rao J, Yan D, Yuan J. Demethylase FTO-Mediated m6A Modification of lncRNA MEG3 Activates Neuronal Pyroptosis via NLRP3 Signaling in Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1023-1043. [PMID: 37676392 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03622-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal death following ischemia is the primary cause of death and disability in patients with ischemic stroke. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays essential role in various physiological and pathological conditions, but its role and mechanism in ischemic neuronal death remain unclear. In the present study, neuronal pyroptosis was an important event in brain injury caused by ischemic stroke, and the upregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) following cerebral ischemia was a key factor in activating ischemic neuronal pyroptosis via NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling. Moreover, we first demonstrated that the demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), which was decreased following ischemia, regulated MEG3 expression in an m6A-dependent manner by affecting its stability, thereby activating neuronal pyroptosis via NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling, and ultimately leading to ischemic brain damage. Therefore, the present study provides new insights for the mechanism of ischemic stroke, and suggests that FTO may be a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Yan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Huang
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Rao
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Yan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Mehta SL, Chelluboina B, Morris-Blanco KC, Bathula S, Jeong S, Arruri V, Davis CK, Vemuganti R. Post-stroke brain can be protected by modulating the lncRNA FosDT. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:239-251. [PMID: 37933735 PMCID: PMC10993881 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231212378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
We previously showed that knockdown or deletion of Fos downstream transcript (FosDT; a stroke-induced brain-specific long noncoding RNA) is neuroprotective. We presently tested the therapeutic potential of FosDT siRNA in rodents subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) using the Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable criteria, including sex, age, species, and comorbidity. FosDT siRNA (IV) given at 30 min of reperfusion significantly improved motor function recovery (rotarod test, beam walk test, and adhesive removal test) and reduced infarct size in adult and aged spontaneously hypertensive rats of both sexes. FosDT siRNA administered in a delayed fashion (3.5 h of reperfusion following 1 h transient MCAO) also significantly improved motor function recovery and decreased infarct volume. Furthermore, FosDT siRNA enhanced post-stroke functional recovery in normal and diabetic mice. Mechanistically, FosDT triggered post-ischemic neuronal damage via the transcription factor REST as REST siRNA mitigated the enhanced functional outcome in FosDT-/- rats. Additionally, NF-κB regulated FosDT expression as NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 significantly decreased post-ischemic FosDT induction. Thus, FosDT is a promising target with a favorable therapeutic window to mitigate secondary brain damage and facilitate recovery after stroke regardless of sex, age, species, and comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh L Mehta
- Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bharath Chelluboina
- Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kahlilia C Morris-Blanco
- Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Soomin Jeong
- Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
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13
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Mehta SL, Arruri V, Vemuganti R. Role of transcription factors, noncoding RNAs, epitranscriptomics, and epigenetics in post-ischemic neuroinflammation. J Neurochem 2024:10.1111/jnc.16055. [PMID: 38279529 PMCID: PMC11272908 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke neuroinflammation is pivotal in brain repair, yet persistent inflammation can aggravate ischemic brain damage and hamper recovery. Following stroke, specific molecules released from brain cells attract and activate central and peripheral immune cells. These immune cells subsequently release diverse inflammatory molecules within the ischemic brain, initiating a sequence of events, including activation of transcription factors in different brain cell types that modulate gene expression and influence outcomes; the interactive action of various noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) to regulate multiple biological processes including inflammation, epitranscriptomic RNA modification that controls RNA processing, stability, and translation; and epigenetic changes including DNA methylation, hydroxymethylation, and histone modifications crucial in managing the genic response to stroke. Interactions among these events further affect post-stroke inflammation and shape the depth of ischemic brain damage and functional outcomes. We highlighted these aspects of neuroinflammation in this review and postulate that deciphering these mechanisms is pivotal for identifying therapeutic targets to alleviate post-stroke dysfunction and enhance recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh L. Mehta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Vijay Arruri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
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14
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Chelluboina B, Jeong S, Davis CK, Mehta SL, Vemuganti R. Therapeutic Potential of Intravenous miR-21 Mimic after Stroke Following STAIR Criteria. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01223-8. [PMID: 38129636 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The microRNA-21 (miR-21) levels in the brain are crucial in determining post-stroke brain damage and recovery. The miR-21 exerts neuroprotection by targeting mRNAs that translate proteins that mediate brain damage. We currently determined the efficacy and efficiency of intravenously administered miR-21 mimic after focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Adult male mice were intravenously administered with either control mimic or miR-21 mimic at 5 min/2 h after reperfusion following 1 h transient middle cerebral artery occlusion to determine the therapeutic window of miR-21 mimic. Adult female, type-2 diabetic male, aged male, and aged female mice were administered with control/miR-21 mimic at 5 min after reperfusion following 35 min/1 h transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Early administration of miR-21 mimic significantly reduced brain damage and promoted long-term recovery after stroke. Further, miR-21 mimic is more effective in males than in females subjected to stroke. However, delayed treatment with miR-21 mimic is not efficacious, and type-2 diabetic subjects show no improvement with miR-21 mimic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Chelluboina
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Univ. of Wisconsin Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Soomin Jeong
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Univ. of Wisconsin Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Charles Kozhikkadan Davis
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Univ. of Wisconsin Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Suresh L Mehta
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Univ. of Wisconsin Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Univ. of Wisconsin Madison, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI, 53792, USA.
- William S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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15
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Jeong S, Chokkalla AK, Davis CK, Vemuganti R. Post-stroke depression: epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications and their interplay with gut microbiota. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4044-4055. [PMID: 37188778 PMCID: PMC10646155 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications that regulate physiological processes of an organism at the DNA and RNA levels, respectively, are novel therapeutic candidates for various neurological diseases. Gut microbiota and its metabolites are known to modulate DNA methylation and histone modifications (epigenetics), as well as RNA methylation especially N6-methyladenosine (epitranscriptomics). As gut microbiota as well as these modifications are highly dynamic across the lifespan of an organism, they are implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke and depression. The lack of specific therapeutic interventions for managing post-stroke depression emphasizes the need to identify novel molecular targets. This review highlights the interaction between the gut microbiota and epigenetic/epitranscriptomic pathways and their interplay in modulating candidate genes that are involved in post-stroke depression. This review further focuses on the three candidates, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, ten-eleven translocation family proteins, and fat mass and obesity-associated protein based on their prevalence and pathoetiologic role in post-stroke depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Jeong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anil K Chokkalla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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16
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Xu ZY, Jing X, Xiong XD. Emerging Role and Mechanism of the FTO Gene in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050850. [PMID: 37238719 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene was the first obesity-susceptibility gene identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A growing number of studies have suggested that genetic variants of FTO are strongly associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and acute coronary syndrome. In addition, FTO was also the first N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase, suggesting the reversible nature of m6A modification. m6A is dynamically deposited, removed, and recognized by m6A methylases, demethylases, and m6A binding proteins, respectively. By catalyzing m6A demethylation on mRNA, FTO may participate in various biological processes by modulating RNA function. Recent studies demonstrated that FTO plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial fibrosis, heart failure, and atherosclerosis and may hold promise as a potential therapeutic target for treating or preventing a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review the association between FTO genetic variants and cardiovascular disease risk, summarize the role of FTO as an m6A demethylase in cardiovascular disorders, and discuss future research directions and possible clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xia Jing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xing-Dong Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
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