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Martins IRR, de Melo Medeiros M, Vasconcelos LHC, Silva MDCC, Queiroga FR, Cavalcante-Silva LHA, da Costa Nunes IK, Lima LM, da Silva PM, Silva BAD. New phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors present airways relaxant activity in a guinea pig acute asthma model. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4419-4434. [PMID: 38108836 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation and hyper responsiveness of airways. We aimed to assess the relaxant potential of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors N-sulfonilhidrazonic derivatives on non-asthmatic and asthmatic guinea pig trachea. Firstly, guinea pigs were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin, and then morphological, and contractile changes were evaluated resulting from asthma, followed by evaluation of relaxant effect of derivatives on guinea pig trachea and the cAMP levels measurement by ELISA. It has been evidenced hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle, inflammatory infiltrate, and vascular abnormalities. Moreover, only sensitized tracheal rings were responsive to OVA. Contractile response to histamine, but not to carbachol, was greater in sensitized animals, however the relaxant response to aminophylline and isoprenaline were the same in non-asthmatics and asthmatics. N-sulfonilhidrazonic derivatives presented equipotent relaxant action independent of epithelium, with exception of LASSBio-1850 that presented a low efficacy (< 50%) and LASSBio-1847 with a 4-fold higher potency on asthmatics. LASSBio-1847 relaxant curve was impaired in the presence of propranolol and potentiated by isoprenaline in both groups. Furthermore, relaxation was potentiated 54- and 4-fold by forskolin in non-asthmatics and asthmatics, respectively. Likewise, LASSBio-1847 potentiated relaxant curve of aminophylline 147- and 4-fold in both groups. The PKA inhibitor H-89 impaired the relaxant potency of the derivative. Finally, LASSBio-1847 increased tracheal intracellular cAMP levels similarly to rolipram, selective PDE4 inhibitor, in both animals. LASSBio-1847 showed to be promising to relax guinea pig trachea from non-sensitized and sensitized guinea pigs by activation of β2-adrenergic receptors/AC/cAMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo Rossi Roseno Martins
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
- Departamento de Medicina, Campus Senador Helvídio Nunes de Barros, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Picos, PI, 64607-670, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
| | - Millena de Melo Medeiros
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique César Vasconcelos
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Maria da Conceição Correia Silva
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- PostDoc Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/Fundação de Amparo a Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Fernando Ramos Queiroga
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Isabelle Karine da Costa Nunes
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio ®), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fármacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lidia Moreira Lima
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio ®), Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Fármacos e Medicamentos (INCT-INOFAR), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia e Química Medicinal, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Mirella da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Invertebrados, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Bagnólia Araújo da Silva
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Funcional Professor George Thomas, Instituto de Pesquisa em Fármacos e Medicamentos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Nguyen HO, Tiberio L, Facchinetti F, Ripari G, Violi V, Villetti G, Salvi V, Bosisio D. Modulation of Human Dendritic Cell Functions by Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibitors: Potential Relevance for the Treatment of Respiratory Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2254. [PMID: 37765223 PMCID: PMC10535230 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) are small-molecule drugs that, by increasing the intracellular levels of cAMP in immune cells, elicit a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory effects. As such, PDE4 inhibitors are actively studied as therapeutic options in a variety of human diseases characterized by an underlying inflammatory pathogenesis. Dendritic cells (DCs) are checkpoints of the inflammatory and immune responses, being responsible for both activation and dampening depending on their activation status. This review shows evidence that PDE4 inhibitors modulate inflammatory DC activation by decreasing the secretion of inflammatory and Th1/Th17-polarizing cytokines, although preserving the expression of costimulatory molecules and the CD4+ T cell-activating potential. In addition, DCs activated in the presence of PDE4 inhibitors induce a preferential Th2 skewing of effector T cells, retain the secretion of Th2-attracting chemokines and increase the production of T cell regulatory mediators, such as IDO1, TSP-1, VEGF-A and Amphiregulin. Finally, PDE4 inhibitors selectively induce the expression of the surface molecule CD141/Thrombomodulin/BDCA-3. The result of such fine-tuning is immunomodulatory DCs that are distinct from those induced by classical anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids. The possible implications for the treatment of respiratory disorders (such as COPD, asthma and COVID-19) by PDE4 inhibitors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Oanh Nguyen
- ImmunoConcEpT, CNRS UMR 5164, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France;
| | - Laura Tiberio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Fabrizio Facchinetti
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., 43122 Parma, Italy; (F.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Giulia Ripari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Valentina Violi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Gino Villetti
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Translational Science, Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., 43122 Parma, Italy; (F.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Valentina Salvi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
| | - Daniela Bosisio
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (L.T.); (G.R.); (V.V.)
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Grunstein MM. Homeostatic glucocorticoid signaling in airway smooth muscle: A roadmap to asthma pathogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1077389. [PMID: 36686425 PMCID: PMC9846750 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1077389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis is the self-regulating process by which the body maintains internal stability within a narrow physiological range (i.e., "normality") as it dynamically adjusts to disruptive influences. Thus, whereas homeostasis maintains bodily health, disrupted homeostasis at the tissue or systemic level leads to disease. Airway smooth muscle (ASM) is the pivotal site of disrupted homeostasis in asthma. While extensive research has greatly expanded our understanding of ASM behavior under pro-asthmatic conditions, the cellular signaling mechanisms that underlie ASM homeostasis under these conditions remain elusive. Based on a broad collection of published studies, a homeostasis mechanism intrinsic to ASM and exhibited under inflammatory and non-inflammatory pro-asthmatic conditions is identified herein. Central to this mechanism is the novel unifying concept that the pro-asthmatic-exposed ASM can independently generate its own active glucocorticoid (i.e., cortisol), produce its own newly activated glucocorticoid receptors for the steroid, and, accordingly, use this molecular strategy to homeostatically prevent induction of the asthmatic state. This article addresses the experimental evidence that underlies the proposed homeostatic glucocorticoid signaling mechanism in ASM, followed by a discussion and depiction of the feed-forward and feedback intrinsic ASM signaling circuitry that constitutes the homeostatic state. The proposed mechanism offers a practical roadmap for future basic and translational research aimed at identifying potential key site(s) of disrupted ASM homeostasis leading to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Grunstein
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Ligustrazine Inhibits Lung Phosphodiesterase Activity in a Rat Model of Allergic Asthma. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1452116. [PMID: 35047052 PMCID: PMC8763486 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1452116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study sought to examine whether ligustrazine was capable of inhibiting phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity and improving lung function in a rat model of asthma. Methods Rats were initially sensitized using ovalbumin (OVA) and then were challenged daily with aerosolized OVA beginning 14 days later (30 min/day) to generate a rat model of asthma. Changes in airway function following methacholine (MCh) injection were evaluated by monitoring lung resistance (RL) and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) values using an AniRes2005 analytic system. In addition, serum IgE was measured via ELISA, while PDE expression was evaluated via qPCR and western blotting. Key Findings. Ligustrazine significantly impaired allergen-induced lung hyperresponsivity and inflammation in this asthma model system. Ligustrazine treatment was also associated with reduced expression of PDEs including PDE4 in the lungs of these rats. Conclusions Ligustrazine suppresses airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsivity in this rat model system, and these changes are associated with decreased PDE expression at the protein and mRNA levels.
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Vinpocetine alleviates lung inflammation via macrophage inflammatory protein-1β inhibition in an ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251012. [PMID: 33914833 PMCID: PMC8084130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a well-known bronchial disease that causes bronchial inflammation, narrowing of the bronchial tubes, and bronchial mucus secretion, leading to bronchial blockade. In this study, we investigated the association between phosphodiesterase (PDE), specifically PDE1, and asthma using 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; a non-specific PDE inhibitor) and vinpocetine (Vinp; a PDE1 inhibitor). Balb/c mice were randomized to five treatment groups: control, ovalbumin (OVA), OVA + IBMX, OVA + Vinp, and OVA + dexamethasone (Dex). All mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA, except for the control group. IBMX, Vinp, or Dex was intraperitoneally administered 1 h before the challenge. Vinp treatment significantly inhibited the increase in airway hyper-responsiveness (P<0.001) and reduced the number of inflammatory cells, particularly eosinophils, in the lungs (P<0.01). It also ameliorated the damage to the bronchi and alveoli and decreased the OVA-specific IgE levels in serum, an indicator of allergic inflammation increased by OVA (P<0.05). Furthermore, the increase in interleukin-13, a known Th2 cytokine, was significantly decreased by Vinp (P<0.05), and Vinp regulated the release and mRNA expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) increased by OVA (P<0.05). Taken together, these results suggest that PDE1 is associated with allergic lung inflammation induced by OVA. Thus, PDE1 inhibitors can be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of asthma.
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Multi-Method Molecular Characterisation of Human Dust-Mite-associated Allergic Asthma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8912. [PMID: 31221987 PMCID: PMC6586825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Disease presentation varies greatly in terms of cause, development, severity, and response to medication, and thus the condition has been subdivided into a number of asthma phenotypes. There is still an unmet need for the identification of phenotype-specific markers and accompanying molecular tools that facilitate the classification of asthma phenotype. To this end, we utilised a range of molecular tools to characterise a well-defined group of female adults with poorly controlled atopic asthma associated with house dust mite (HDM) allergy, relative to non-asthmatic control subjects. Circulating messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) were sequenced and quantified, and a differential expression analysis of the two RNA populations performed to determine how gene expression and regulation varied in the disease state. Further, a number of circulating proteins (IL-4, 5, 10, 13, 17 A, Eotaxin, GM-CSF, IFNy, MCP-1, TARC, TNFα, Total IgE, and Endotoxin) were quantified to determine whether the protein profiles differed significantly dependent on disease state. Finally, we utilised a previously published assessment of the circulating “blood microbiome” performed using 16S rRNA amplification and sequencing. Asthmatic subjects displayed a range of significant alterations to circulating gene expression and regulation, relative to healthy control subjects, that may influence systemic immune activity. Notably, several circulating mRNAs were detected in just the asthma group or just in the control group, and many more were observed to be expressed at significantly different levels in the asthma group compared to the control group. Proteomic analysis revealed increased levels of inflammatory proteins within the serum, and decreased levels of the bacterial endotoxin protein in the asthmatic state. Comparison of blood microbiome composition revealed a significant increase in the Firmicutes phylum with asthma that was associated with a concomitant reduction in the Proteobacteria phylum. This study provides a valuable insight into the systemic changes evident in the HDM-associated asthma, identifies a range of molecules that are present in the circulation in a condition-specific manner (with clear biomarker potential), and highlights a range of hypotheses for further study.
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Zheng XY, Chen JC, Xie QM, Chen JQ, Tang HF. Anti‑inflammatory effect of ciclamilast in an allergic model involving the expression of PDE4B. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1728-1738. [PMID: 30628641 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the potent inhibitory effects and possible biochemical basis of the novel phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor ciclamilast, which is a derivative of piclamilast (RP 73401), on PDE4 and allergic inflammation. Ciclamilast was orally administered to allergic rats, their lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were harvested, and their levels of inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia, particularly cAMP‑PDE activity, and expression and distribution of PDE4 subtypes were determined. The results suggested that oral administration of ciclamilast significantly reduced the total leukocyte number and eosinophil number in BALF and suppressed lung histology changes, including the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the perivascular and peribronchial spaces, structural changes and goblet cell hyperplasia. For eosinophil infiltration, ciclamilast exhibited improved selectivity compared with piclamilast. Furthermore, ciclamilast significantly inhibited the upregulated activity of cAMP‑PDE and showed improved selective inhibition of the protein expression of PDE4B than piclamilast in a dose‑dependent manner. The mRNA expression of PDE4D was significantly increased in allergic rats, but PDE4B was not. PDE4B was mainly distributed in the cytoplasm, whereas PDE4D was mainly distributed in the cell membrane. The improved anti‑inflammatory activity of ciclamilast compared with piclamilast may be due to its higher level of inhibition of the activity, mRNA and protein expression of PDE4, particularly its effect on PDE4B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Yang Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Chun Chen
- Department of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Qiang-Min Xie
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Qiang Chen
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Fang Tang
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China
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Hu A, Diener BL, Josephson MB, Grunstein MM. Constitutively active signaling by the G protein βγ-subunit mediates intrinsically increased phosphodiesterase-4 activity in human asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118712. [PMID: 25742624 PMCID: PMC4351001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling by the Gβγ subunit of Gi protein, leading to downstream c-Src-induced activation of the Ras/c-Raf1/MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway and its upregulation of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) activity, was recently shown to mediate the heightened contractility in proasthmatic sensitized isolated airway smooth muscle (ASM), as well as allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in an in vivo animal model of allergic asthma. This study investigated whether cultured human ASM (HASM) cells derived from asthmatic donor lungs exhibit constitutively increased PDE activity that is attributed to intrinsically upregulated Gβγ signaling coupled to c-Src activation of the Ras/MEK/ERK1/2 cascade. We show that, relative to normal cells, asthmatic HASM cells constitutively exhibit markedly increased intrinsic PDE4 activity coupled to heightened Gβγ-regulated phosphorylation of c-Src and ERK1/2, and direct co-localization of the latter with the PDE4D isoform. These signaling events and their induction of heightened PDE activity are acutely suppressed by treating asthmatic HASM cells with a Gβγ inhibitor. Importantly, along with increased Gβγ activation, asthmatic HASM cells also exhibit constitutively increased direct binding of the small Rap1 GTPase-activating protein, Rap1GAP, to the α-subunit of Gi protein, which serves to cooperatively facilitate Ras activation and, thereby, enable enhanced Gβγ-regulated ERK1/2-stimulated PDE activity. Collectively, these data are the first to identify that intrinsically increased signaling via the Gβγ subunit, facilitated by Rap1GAP recruitment to the α-subunit, mediates the constitutively increased PDE4 activity detected in asthmatic HASM cells. These new findings support the notion that interventions targeted at suppressing Gβγ signaling may lead to novel approaches to treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihua Hu
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Barry L. Diener
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Maureen B. Josephson
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael M. Grunstein
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Effects of inactivated Bordetella pertussis on phosphodiesterase in the lung of ovalbumin sensitized and challenged rats. Pulm Med 2014; 2014:581738. [PMID: 25120928 PMCID: PMC4121004 DOI: 10.1155/2014/581738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper indicated that inactivated Bordetella pertussis (iBp) can enhance the lung airway hyperreactivity of the rats sensitized and challenged with OVA. The mechanisms were involved in the upregulation of cAMP-PDE activity and PDE4A, PDE4D, and PDE3 gene expression in the lungs. But only PDE4 activity was different between the OVA and OVA+iBp groups, and PDE4D expression was significantly increased in iBp rats alone. So, our data suggested that cosensitization with OVA and iBp affects lung airway reactivity by modulating the lung cAMP-PDE activity and PDE4D gene expression.
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Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast improves the bronchodilative effect of sevoflurane in sensitized airways. Anesthesiology 2014; 120:1152-9. [PMID: 24503814 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and the volatile anesthetic sevoflurane are known to have independent bronchodilator properties, the combined administration of these two agents may have the potential to exert an additive or synergistic bronchodilator effect. The authors tested this hypothesis and investigated the common site of this combined relaxation effect in a model of airway hyperresponsiveness with ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. METHODS Ovalbumin-sensitized animals (n = 138) were randomized into six groups: sensitized, sevoflurane, rolipram1.0, roflumilast1.0, sevoflurane/rolipram1.0, and sevoflurane/roflumilast1.0. Total lung resistance in vivo, airway smooth muscle tension in vitro, and intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels were measured to evaluate the relaxation effect. RESULTS Among the six sensitized groups, total lung resistance was higher in the order of sensitized > sevoflurane > rolipram 1.0 > roflumilast1.0 > sevoflurane/rolipram1.0 > sevoflurane/roflumilast1.0, with an increase in acetylcholine concentration. Compared with the other five groups, the muscle tensions in the sevoflurane/roflumilast1.0 group were significantly lower at carbacholine doses of 10, 10, and 10 M; the cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentrations (means ± SD) in the sevoflurane/rolipram1.0 (1.61 ± 0.34) and sevoflurane/roflumilast1.0 (1.50 ± 0.20) groups were higher than that in the sensitized (0.52 ± 0.15) and sevoflurane (1.12 ± 0.32) groups. CONCLUSIONS The combined use of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors with the volatile anesthetic sevoflurane had an additive bronchodilator effect in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. The concurrent increase in cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels in sensitized airway smooth muscle might be a mechanism of this combined relaxation effect.
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Nino G, Hu A, Grunstein JS, McDonough J, Kreiger PA, Josephson MB, Choi JK, Grunstein MM. G Protein βγ-subunit signaling mediates airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in allergic asthma. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32078. [PMID: 22384144 PMCID: PMC3284547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the Gβγ subunit of Gi protein has been importantly implicated in regulating immune and inflammatory responses, this study investigated the potential role and mechanism of action of Gβγ signaling in regulating the induction of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in a rabbit model of allergic asthma. Relative to non-sensitized animals, OVA-sensitized rabbits challenged with inhaled OVA exhibited AHR, lung inflammation, elevated BAL levels of IL-13, and increased airway phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) activity. These proasthmatic responses were suppressed by pretreatment with an inhaled membrane-permeable anti-Gβγ blocking peptide, similar to the suppressive effect of glucocorticoid pretreatment. Extended mechanistic studies demonstrated that: 1) corresponding proasthmatic changes in contractility exhibited in isolated airway smooth muscle (ASM) sensitized with serum from OVA-sensitized+challenged rabbits or IL-13 were also Gβγ-dependent and mediated by MAPK-upregulated PDE4 activity; and 2) the latter was attributed to Gβγ-induced direct stimulation of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase, c-Src, resulting in downstream activation of ERK1/2 and its consequent transcriptional upregulation of PDE4. Collectively, these data are the first to identify that a mechanism involving Gβγ-induced direct activation of c-Src, leading to ERK1/2-mediated upregulation of PDE4 activity, plays a decisive role in regulating the induction of AHR and inflammation in a rabbit model of allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Nino
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Aihua Hu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Judith S. Grunstein
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Joseph McDonough
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Portia A. Kreiger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America
| | - Maureen B. Josephson
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - John K. Choi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael M. Grunstein
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Niimi K, Ge Q, Moir LM, Ammit AJ, Trian T, Burgess JK, Black JL, Oliver BGG. β2-Agonists upregulate PDE4 mRNA but not protein or activity in human airway smooth muscle cells from asthmatic and nonasthmatic volunteers. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 302:L334-42. [PMID: 22101762 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00163.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
β(2)-Adrenergic receptor (β2AR) agonists induce airway relaxation via cAMP. Phosphodiesterase (PDE)s degrade and regulate cAMP, and in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells PDE4D degrades cAMP. Long-acting β(2)-agonists are now contraindicated as monotherapy for asthma, and increased PDE4D has been speculated to contribute to this phenomenon. In this study we investigated the expression of PDE4D in asthmatic and nonasthmatic ASM cells and its regulation by formoterol and budesonide. Primary ASM cells from people with or without asthma were stimulated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β(1), formoterol, and/or budesonide. PDE4D mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR, or PCR to assess splice variant production. PDE4D protein was assessed by Western blotting, and we investigated the effect of formoterol on cAMP production and PDE activity. Interleukin (IL)-6 was assessed using ELISA. PDE4D mRNA was dose dependently upregulated by formoterol, with a single splice variant, PDE4D5, present. Formoterol did not induce PDE4D protein at time points between 3 to 72 h, whereas it did induce and increase IL-6 secretion. We pretreated cells with actinomycin D and a proteasome inhibitor, MG132, and found no evidence of alterations in mRNA, protein expression, or degradation of PDE4D. Finally PDE activity was not altered by formoterol. This study shows, for the first time, that PDE4D5 is predominantly expressed in human ASM cells from people with and without asthma and that formoterol does not upregulate PDE4D protein production. This leads us to speculate that continual therapy with β2AR agonists is unlikely to cause PDE4-mediated tachyphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Niimi
- Cell Biology Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, School of Medical Sciences, The Univ. of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Hu L, Fan Z, Du H, Ni R, Zhang S, Yin K, Ye J, Zhang Y, Wei X, Zhang X, Gross PL, Kunapuli SP, Ding Z. BF061, a novel antiplatelet and antithrombotic agent targeting P2Y₁₂ receptor and phosphodiesterase. Thromb Haemost 2011; 106:1203-14. [PMID: 21946947 DOI: 10.1160/th11-06-0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The addition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors has been reported to potentiate the antithrombotic effects of P2Y₁₂ antagonists without increasing bleeding risk. In this study, we report that a potent antiplatelet agent, 2-ethylthio-6-phenethylaminoadenosine (BF061), inhibits platelet activation and thrombosis via P2Y₁₂ antagonism and PDE inhibition. We explored the antiplatelet mechanism of BF061 by measuring cAMP, cGMP levels, PDE activity, and the interaction between ADP and P2Y₁₂ using atomic force microscopy. The antithrombotic effect of BF061 was evaluated in mice using intravital microscopy in FeCl₃₋induced mesenteric and laser-induced cremasteric arterial thrombosis models. BF061 robustly inhibited platelet aggregation and ATP release induced by multiple platelet agonists via P2Y₁₂ antagonism and PDE inhibition. Interestingly, despite being structurally similar to BF061, P2Y₁₂ receptor antagonist AR-C69931MX had no effect on human platelet PDE. In FeCl3-induced mesenteric arterial thrombosis model, BF061 effectively prevented thrombus formation similarly to clopidogrel; it also reduced thrombus volume in laser-injured cremaster arteriole model. In contrast, BF061 induced dramatically less bleeding at an antithrombotic dose compared to clopidogrel. In summary, we developed a novel antiplatelet and antithrombotic agent targeting both P2Y₁₂ and PDE. Given the prevalence of combined antiplatelet therapy in clinical practice, an antiplatelet agent bearing dual activities may have therapeutic advantage as a potential antithrombotic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai,China
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Li LX, Cheng YF, Lin HB, Wang C, Xu JP, Zhang HT. Prevention of cerebral ischemia-induced memory deficits by inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4 in rats. Metab Brain Dis 2011; 26:37-47. [PMID: 21327879 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-011-9235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) by rolipram, a prototypical PDE4 inhibitor, reverses memory impairment produced pharmacologically or genetically. Comparably, much less is known about the effect of rolipram on cerebral ischemia-induced memory deficits. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of rolipram on ischemia-induced memory deficit, neuronal damage, and alteration of PDE4 activity in the hippocampus. Memory was examined using Morris water-maze and step-through passive avoidance tests in rats subjected to global cerebral ischemia with or without repeated treatment with rolipram (0.3 or 1 mg/kg, i.p.); neuronal damage in the hippocampus and PDE4 activity in hippocampal tissues were determined using Nissl staining and HPLC, respectively. In the water-maze test, cerebral ischemia significantly increased the escape latency to reach the platform during acquisition training and decreased the exploration time in the target quadrant in the probe trial test; these were blocked by rolipram in a dose-dependent manner. Rolipram also reduced the distracted platform searches induced by cerebral ischemia. In the passive avoidance test, ischemia decreased the 24-h latency to the dark compartment, which was also blocked by rolipram treatment. In addition, Nissl staining revealed ischemia-induced neuron loss in hippocampal CA1; this was blocked by rolipram. Further, cerebral ischemia led to increases in activity of PDE, primarily PDE4, in the hippocampus, which also was antagonized by rolipram. These results suggest that rolipram prevents cerebral ischemia-induced memory deficits via inhibition of increased PDE4 activity and attenuation of hippocampal, neuronal damages induced by ischemia. PDE4 may be a target for treatment of cognitive disorders associated with cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xia Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
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15
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Cao Y, Zeng D, Song Q, Cao C, Xie M, Liu X, Xiong S, Xu Y, Xiong W. The effects of antisense interleukin-4 gene transferred by recombinant adeno-associated virus vector on the airway remodeling in allergic rats. J Asthma 2010; 47:951-8. [PMID: 20831469 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2010.514635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Th2-derived cytokines, including interleukin-4 (IL-4), are considered to play an important role in the development of airway remodeling of asthma. OBJECTIVES Our previous study has demonstrated that a recombinant adeno-associated virus containing antisense against IL-4 gene (rAAV-asIL4) vector could significantly suppress the expression of IL-4 protein and airway inflammation in the rat models of allergic asthma. In this study, we applied the rAAV-asIL4 vector to allergic rats to investigate the effects of anti-IL4 therapy on airway remodeling in allergic asthma. METHODS rAAV-asIL4 was used to infect the ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and challenged rats by tail-vein injection. IL-4 protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The number of eosinophils in BALF was counted. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and TGF-beta2-positive cells in the peribronchial space were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and collagen deposition beneath the basement membrane was detected by Sirius red stain. The lung tissues were collected for histologic analysis of total bronchial wall area (W(At)) and airway smooth muscle area (W(Am)). RESULTS rAAV-asIL4 significantly decreased IL-4 protein in BALF of OVA-sensitized and challenged rats. The number of eosinophils in BALF, the TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2-positive cells in the peribronchial space were also suppressed. Moreover, the rAAV-asIL4 treatment inhibited the area of Sirius red staining in airways and the increase in W(At) and W(Am). CONCLUSION These results suggest that rAAV-asIL4 may attenuate the airway remodeling process relevant to the inhibition of airway inflammation. This study provides elementary evidence for the potential utility of rAAV-asIL4 as an approach to gene therapy for asthmatic airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of the Ministry of Health of China, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, PR China
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16
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Shi JR, Mao LG, Jiang RA, Qian Y, Tang HF, Chen JQ. Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate inhibited the inflammation of LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:1235-41. [PMID: 20637836 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate (MAG) was the aglycone of glycyrrhizin derived from licorice. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of MAG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice and the possible mechanisms involved in this protection were investigated. Pretreatment with MAG prior to the administration of intratracheal LPS significantly induced a decrease in lung wet weight/dry weight ratio, in total leukocyte number and neutrophil percent in the BALF, and in myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of lung in dose-dependent manners. At the same time, pretreatment with MAG also significantly improved the super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity and induced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Importantly, pretreatment with MAG prevented an increase in cyclic adenosine monophosphate-phosphodiesterase (cAMP-PDE) activity of lung in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, it can up-regulate the interleukin-10 (IL-10) level and down-regulate the tumor neurosis factor-α (TNF-α) level in the lung tissue of ALI mice. These results showed that anti-inflammatory effects of MAG against the LPS-induced ALI may be due to its ability of primary inhibition of cAMP-PDE activity, oxidative stress and its regulation of cytokine effects. Thus the results support that use of MAG is beneficial in the treatment of ALI and ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Rong Shi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Therapy of National Disease, Department of Laboratory, Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
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Nino G, Grunstein MM. Current concepts on the use of glucocorticosteroids and beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists to treat childhood asthma. Curr Opin Pediatr 2010; 22:290-5. [PMID: 20164771 PMCID: PMC2997654 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e328337cb0c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews current concepts regarding the clinical and scientific rationale for the combined use of glucocorticosteroids and beta-2-adrenoreceptor (beta2AR) agonists in the treatment of childhood asthma. RECENT FINDINGS Several studies have demonstrated that inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and beta2AR agonists are the most effective medications for the management of asthma in children. Given substantial evidence of an increased clinical benefit when these agents are used together, new studies are being pursued to establish the efficacy and safety of this combinational therapy in infants and children. Ongoing research is also investigating the mechanisms of beta2AR and glucocorticosteroids signaling and their molecular interactions. This new knowledge will likely lead to novel therapeutic approaches to asthma control. SUMMARY There is increasing evidence demonstrating that the combination of long-acting beta2AR agonists and ICS may be more effective than high-dose ICS therapy alone in the management of children with uncontrolled asthma. In addition, the use of a single inhaler containing ICS and a quick-acting beta2AR agonist might be a convenient alternative to prevent and treat asthma exacerbations. Future investigations should be designed to more specifically evaluate the efficacy and safety of these therapies in the different asthmatic phenotypes of infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Nino
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Children's Hospital, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-0850, USA.
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Nino G, Hu A, Grunstein JS, Grunstein MM. Mechanism of glucocorticoid protection of airway smooth muscle from proasthmatic effects of long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist exposure. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 125:1020-7. [PMID: 20392484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic use of long-acting beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists (LABAs), resulting in beta2-adrenergic receptor desensitization, has been associated with increased asthma morbidity. When LABAs are used in combination with inhaled glucocorticoids, however, asthma control is improved, raising the following question: Do glucocorticoids inhibit the proasthmatic mechanism that mediates altered contractility in LABA-exposed airway smooth muscle (ASM)? OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the potential protective role and mechanism of action of glucocorticoids in mitigating the effects of prolonged LABA exposure on ASM constrictor and relaxation responsiveness. METHODS Cultured human ASM cells and isolated rabbit ASM tissues were examined for induced changes in agonist-mediated cyclic adenosine monophosphate accumulation, constrictor and relaxation responsiveness, and expression of specific glucocorticoid-regulated molecules after 24-hour exposure to the LABA salmeterol in the absence and presence of dexamethasone. RESULTS Salmeterol-exposed ASM exhibited impaired cyclic adenosine monophosphate and relaxation responses to isoproterenol and increased acetylcholine-induced contractility. These proasthmatic effects of prolonged LABA exposure were attributed to upregulated phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) activity and were ablated by pretreatment with dexamethasone. Further studies demonstrated that (1) dexamethasone suppressed activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), which upregulate PDE4 expression in salmeterol-exposed ASM; and (2) the inhibitory actions of dexamethasone on salmeterol-induced ERK1/2 activation and resultant PDE4-mediated changes in ASM responsiveness were prevented by gene silencing or pharmacologic inhibition of dexamethasone-induced expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1, an endogenous deactivator of ERK1/2 signaling. CONCLUSION Glucocorticoids prevent the adverse proasthmatic effects of prolonged LABA exposure on airway responsiveness as a result of glucocorticoid-induced upregulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1, which inhibits proasthmatic ERK1/2 signaling in the LABA-exposed ASM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Nino
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Tang HF, Lu JJ, Tang JF, Zheng X, Liang YQ, Wang XF, Wang YJ, Mao LG, Chen JQ. Action of a Novel PDE4 inhibitor ZL-n-91 on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2010; 10:406-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Revised: 01/03/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zeng D, Cao Y, Song Q, Cao C, Liu X, Xu Y, Xiong W. Effects of antisense interleukin-5 gene transferred by recombinant adeno-associated virus to allergic rats. Respirology 2009; 15:132-40. [PMID: 19947994 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2009.01670.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The accumulation of eosinophils in airways is an important characteristic of asthma. The process is primarily mediated by interleukin-5 (IL-5) secreted by Th2 lymphocytes. This study explored a new approach to asthma therapy in which allergic rats were transfected with the IL-5 antisense gene delivered by the recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV-ASIL-5). METHODS The viral vector rAAV-ASIL-5 was constructed and the IL-5 antisense gene transfected into allergic rats. The levels of IL-5, IgE, eotaxin and eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) in sera and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured by ELISA. The inflammatory responses in lung tissues were evaluated by histological study. RESULTS The levels of IL-5 protein in serum and BALF were significantly decreased in the allergic rats treated with rAAV-ASIL-5 (P < 0.05). Serum ovalbumin-specific IgE was reduced in treated rats compared with untreated rats (P < 0.05). rAAV-ASIL-5 treatment also reduced eosinophils in the peripheral blood and BALF, as well as the ECP and eotaxin levels in serum and BALF (P < 0.05). There was significantly less inflammation in the lungs of rAAV-ASIL-5-treated rats than in those of untreated rats. No obvious pathological damage to the kidneys and livers of the rats treated with rAAV was observed. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with rAAV-ASIL-5 inhibited the accumulation of eosinophils and airway inflammation in the rat model of allergic asthma by suppressing IL-5 production. These results suggest that rAAV-ASIL-5-based gene therapy may be used for the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxiong Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health of China, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Wang YJ, Jiang YL, Tang HF, Zhao CZ, Chen JQ. Zl-n-91, a selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, suppresses inflammatory response in a COPD-like rat model. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 10:252-8. [PMID: 19914404 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as a disease state characterized by poorly reversible airflow limitation induced by cigarette smoking and/or other noxious particle and gases. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 inhibitors are known to elevated cAMP concentrations in inflammatory cells, leading to inhibition of inflammatory response, relaxation of smooth muscle in the airway, and modulation of sensory nerves in the lung as well. To investigate whether Zl-n-91, a new selective PDE4 inhibitor, could decrease inflammation and improve lung function in a COPD-like rat model, male Sprague-Dawley rats are used to challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cigarette smoking (CS) exposure to induce COPD-like animal model. Administration of Zl-n-91 at different dosages results in decreases of inflammatory cell in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as compared with vehicle treatment. Zl-n-91 at 0.03, 0.3 or 3mg/kg not only dose-dependently inhibited PDE4 activity, but also decreased MMP-9 level in lungs and improved dynamic compliance (C(dyn)) as compared with vehicle treatment. Therefore, Zl-n-91 could inhibit inflammatory responses in rats after cigarette smoking exposure and LPS challenge, and it could be of some therapeutic potential as an alternative medicine in treatment of pulmonary diseases such as COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-juan Wang
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of State Food and Drug Administration of China, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Nino G, Hu A, Grunstein JS, Grunstein MM. Mechanism regulating proasthmatic effects of prolonged homologous beta2-adrenergic receptor desensitization in airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2009; 297:L746-57. [PMID: 19666775 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00079.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of long-acting beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) agonists to treat asthma incurs an increased risk of asthma morbidity with impaired bronchodilation and heightened bronchoconstriction, reflecting the adverse effects of prolonged homologous beta2AR desensitization on airway smooth muscle (ASM) function. Since phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) regulates ASM relaxation and contractility, we examined whether the changes in ASM function induced by prolonged homologous beta2AR desensitization are attributed to altered expression and action of PDE4. Cultured human ASM cells and isolated rabbit ASM tissues exposed for 24 h to the long-acting beta2AR agonist salmeterol exhibited impaired acute beta2AR-mediated cAMP accumulation and relaxation, respectively, together with ASM constrictor hyperresponsiveness. These proasthmatic-like changes in ASM function were associated with upregulated PDE4 activity due to enhanced expression of the PDE4D5 isoform and were prevented by pretreating the ASM preparations with the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram or with inhibitors of either PKA or ERK1/2 signaling. Extended studies using gene silencing and pharmacological approaches demonstrated that: 1) the mechanism underlying upregulated PDE4D5 expression following prolonged beta2AR agonist exposure involves PKA-dependent activation of G(i) protein signaling via its betagamma-subunits, which elicits downstream activation of ERK1/2 and its induction of PDE4D5 transcription; and 2) the induction of PDE4 activity and consequent changes in ASM responsiveness are prevented by pretreating the beta2AR agonist-exposed ASM preparations with inhibitors of G(i)-betagamma signaling. Collectively, these findings identify that the proasthmatic changes in ASM function resulting from prolonged homologous beta2AR desensitization are attributed to upregulated PDE4 expression induced by G(i)-betagamma-mediated cross-talk between the PKA and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Nino
- Joseph Stokes Jr. Research Institute, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Effects of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition on alveolarization and hyperoxia toxicity in newborn rats. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3445. [PMID: 18941502 PMCID: PMC2563688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged neonatal exposure to hyperoxia is associated with high mortality, leukocyte influx in airspaces, and impaired alveolarization. Inhibitors of type 4 phosphodiesterases are potent anti-inflammatory drugs now proposed for lung disorders. The current study was undertaken to determine the effects of the prototypal phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor rolipram on alveolar development and on hyperoxia-induced lung injury. METHODOLOGY/FINDINGS Rat pups were placed under hyperoxia (FiO2>95%) or room air from birth, and received rolipram or its diluent daily until sacrifice. Mortality rate, weight gain and parameters of lung morphometry were recorded on day 10. Differential cell count and cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and cytokine mRNA levels in whole lung were recorded on day 6. Rolipram diminished weight gain either under air or hyperoxia. Hyperoxia induced huge mortality rate reaching 70% at day 10, which was prevented by rolipram. Leukocyte influx in bronchoalveolar lavage under hyperoxia was significantly diminished by rolipram. Hyperoxia increased transcript and protein levels of IL-6, MCP1, and osteopontin; rolipram inhibited the increase of these proteins. Alveolarization was impaired by hyperoxia and was not restored by rolipram. Under room air, rolipram-treated pups had significant decrease of Radial Alveolar Count. CONCLUSIONS Although inhibition of phosphodiesterases 4 prevented mortality and lung inflammation induced by hyperoxia, it had no effect on alveolarization impairment, which might be accounted for by the aggressiveness of the model. The less complex structure of immature lungs of rolipram-treated pups as compared with diluent-treated pups under room air may be explained by the profound effect of PDE4 inhibition on weight gain that interfered with normal alveolarization.
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De Franceschi L, Platt OS, Malpeli G, Janin A, Scarpa A, Leboeuf C, Beuzard Y, Payen E, Brugnara C. Protective effects of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibition in the early phase of pulmonary arterial hypertension in transgenic sickle cell mice. FASEB J 2008; 22:1849-60. [PMID: 18245171 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-098921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in adult patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Here, we developed a model to study the early stage of PAH in SCD. We exposed wild-type and transgenic sickle cell SAD (Hbb(s)/Hbb(s)) mice to hypoxia (8% O(2)) for 7 days. Prolonged hypoxia in SAD mice only induced 1) increased neutrophil count in both bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and peripheral circulation; 2) increased BAL IL1beta, IL10, IL6, and TNF-alpha; and 3) up-regulation of the genes endothelin-1, cyclo-oxygenase-2, angiotensin-converting-enzyme, and IL-1beta, suggesting that amplified inflammatory response and activation of the endothelin-1 system may contribute to the early phase of PAH in SCD. Since phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are involved in pulmonary vascular tone regulation, we evaluated gene expression of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) isoforms and of PDE-1, -2, -3, -7, -8, which are the main cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate hydrolyzing enzymes. In SAD mouse lungs, prolonged hypoxia significantly increased PDE-4 and -1 gene expressions. The PDE-4 inhibitor, rolipram, prevented the hypoxia-induced PDE-4 and -1 gene up-regulation and interfered with the development of PAH, most likely through modulation of both vascular tone and inflammatory factors. This finding supports a possible therapeutic use of PDEs inhibitors in the earlier phases of PAH in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia De Franceschi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico GB Rossi, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Wenzel
- National Jewish Medical and Research Center for Immunology, Denver, Colorado, USA.
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Deng YM, Xie QM, Tang HF, Sun JG, Deng JF, Chen JQ, Yang SY. Effects of ciclamilast, a new PDE 4 PDE4 inhibitor, on airway hyperresponsiveness, PDE4D expression and airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 547:125-35. [PMID: 16956605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Revised: 04/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PDE4 (phosphodiesterase-4) plays a critical role in pathogenesis of allergic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PDE4 inhibitors are presently under clinical development for the treatment of asthma and/or COPD. Ciclamilast, a new PDE4 inhibitor, is a piclamilast (RP 73401) structural analogue, but has a more potent inhibitory effect on PDE4 and inflammation in the airway tissues and less side effects than that of piclamilast. In this study, we elucidate primarily on the roles of compound on PDE4 enzyme in physiological and pathological processes in a mouse model of asthma. The sensitized/challenged mice were reexposed to ovalbumin and airway response to inhaled methacholine was monitored. Orally administration of ciclamilast, in a dose-dependent manner, significantly inhibited changes in lung resistance and lung dynamic compliance, as well as upregulation of cAMP-PDE activity, increase of PDE4D mRNA expression, but not PDE4B from lung tissue in the murine model. In addition, the compound dose-dependently reduced mRNA expression of eotaxin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-4, but slightly increased mRNA expression of interferon (IFN)-gamma from lung tissue. Further, levels of eotaxin, TNF-alpha and IL-4, and eosinophil and neutrophil accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were also significantly reduced. Pathological examination, goblet cell hyperplasia and inflammatory cells infiltration in lung tissue were suppressed by treatment with ciclamilast. A significant correlation was observed between the increases in PDE4D mRNA expression and airway hyperresponsiveness. These studies confirm that inhibitory effect of ciclamilast on airway hyperresponsiveness includes its inhibiting PDE4D mRNA expression, down-modulating PDE4 activity, anti-inflammation and anti-mucus hypersecretion, and ciclamilast may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-mei Deng
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory Of State Food And Drug Administration, Medical Science College Of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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27
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Sun JG, Deng YM, Wu X, Tang HF, Deng JF, Chen JQ, Yang SY, Xie QM. Inhibition of phosphodiesterase activity, airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by PDE4 inhibitor and glucocorticoid in a murine model of allergic asthma. Life Sci 2006; 79:2077-85. [PMID: 16875702 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2005] [Revised: 06/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) isozyme plays important roles in inflammatory and immunomodulatory cells. In this study, piclamilast, a selective PDE4 inhibitor, was used to investigate the role of PDE4 in respiratory function and inflammation in a murine asthma model. Sensitized mice were challenged with aerosolized ovalbumin for 7 days, piclamilast (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) were orally administered once daily during the period of challenge. Twenty-four hours after the last challenge, airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine was determined by whole-body plethysmography, airway inflammation and mucus secretion by histomorphometry, pulmonary cAMP-PDE activity by HPLC, cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and their mRNA expression in lung by ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. In control mice, significant induction of cAMP-PDE activity was parallel to the increases of hyperresponsiveness, inflammatory cells, cytokine levels, mRNA expression as well as goblet cell hyperplasia. However, piclamilast dose-dependently and significantly improved airway resistance and dynamic compliance, and the maximal effect was similar to that of dexamethasone. Piclamilast treatment dose-dependently and significantly prevented the increase in inflammatory cell number and goblet cell hyperplasia, as well as production of cytokines, including eotaxin, TNFalpha and IL-4. Piclamilast exerted a weaker inhibitory effect than dexamethasone on eosinophils and neutrophils, had no effect on lymphocyte accumulation. Moreover, piclamilast inhibited up-regulation of cAMP-PDE activity and cytokine mRNA expression; the maximal inhibition of cAMP-PDE was greater than that exerted by dexamethasone, and was similar to dexamethasone on cytokine mRNA expression. This study suggests that inhibition of PDE4 by piclamilast robustly improves the pulmonary function, airway inflammation and goblet cell hyperplasia in murine allergenic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Gang Sun
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of State Food and Drug Administration, Medical Science College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, PR China
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28
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Wang K, Shen HH, Chen JC, Chen Z. Inhibitory effect of acetamide-45 on airway inflammation and phosphodiesterase 4 in allergic rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2005; 26:1492-6. [PMID: 16297349 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2005.00227.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the effects of acetamide-45 on respiratory function, airway inflammation, and the activity of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) in allergic rats. METHODS Rats were sensitized by a single intramuscular injection with ovalbumin (OVA) and were challenged with ovalbumin applied by using an aerosol repeatedly for 7 d after 2 weeks. Acetamide-45 at concentrations of 5, 10, or 30 mg/kg was then administered by intraperitoneal injection. Changes in dynamic lung compliance and lung resistance, the accumulation of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage, PDE4 activity, and the concentration of interleukin-4 in rat lung tissue were determined. RESULTS Seven days of treatment with acetamide-45 prevented eosinophil accumulation in allergic rats. At doses of 5, 10, and 30 mg/kg, acetamide-45 decreased lung resistance to 0.20+/-0.04, 0.25+/-0.07, and 0.22+/-0.05 cmH2O.s(-1).mL(-1), respectively (P<0.05 vs OVA), and it also increased dynamic lung compliance to 0.41+/-0.07, 0.39+/-0.06, and 0.42+/-0.09 mL/cmH2O (P<0.05 vs OVA). After being treated with different doses of acetamide-45, the PDE4 activities in lung tissue were 281+/-55, 273+/-57, and 238+/-36 nmol.g(-1).min( -1) (P<0.05 vs OVA), and the concentrations of interleukin-4 in lung tissue were 6.22+/-1.13, 5.95+/-1.20, and 5.68+/-2.20 microg/protein (P<0.05 vs OVA). CONCLUSIONS Acetamide-45 was found to improve respiratory function and inhibit airway inflammation in this animal model, and the PDE4 activity of lung tissue was obviously inhibited. Acetamide-45 was an effective anti-inflammatory agent in respiratory inflammation, and the mechanism of its action might depend on inhibition of PDE4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Respiratory Department, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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