1
|
Sharygin D, Koniaris LG, Wells C, Zimmers TA, Hamidi T. Role of CD14 in human disease. Immunology 2023; 169:260-270. [PMID: 36840585 PMCID: PMC10591340 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell surface antigen CD14 is primarily understood to act as a co-receptor for toll-like receptors (TLRs) to activate innate immunity responses to pathogens and tissue injury in macrophages and monocytes. However, roles for CD14 are increasingly being uncovered in disease responses in epithelial and endothelial cells. Consistent with these broader functions, CD14 expression is altered in a variety of non-immune cell types in response to a several of disease states. Moreover, soluble CD14 activated by factors from both pathogens and tissue damage may initiate signalling in a variety of non-immune cells. This review examined the current understanding CD14 in innate immunity as well as its potential functions in nonimmune cells and associated human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sharygin
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts institute of technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Leonidas G. Koniaris
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Clark Wells
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Teresa A. Zimmers
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tewfik Hamidi
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Naturally-occurring serotype 3 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains that lack functional pneumolysin and autolysin have attenuated virulence but induce localized protective immune responses. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282843. [PMID: 36897919 PMCID: PMC10004606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of fatal pneumonia in humans. These bacteria express virulence factors, such as the toxins pneumolysin and autolysin, that drive host inflammatory responses. In this study we confirm loss of pneumolysin and autolysin function in a group of clonal pneumococci that have a chromosomal deletion resulting in a pneumolysin-autolysin fusion gene Δ(lytA'-ply')593. The Δ(lytA'-ply')593 pneumococci strains naturally occur in horses and infection is associated with mild clinical signs. Here we use immortalized and primary macrophage in vitro models, which include pattern recognition receptor knock-out cells, and a murine acute pneumonia model to show that a Δ(lytA'-ply')593 strain induces cytokine production by cultured macrophages, however, unlike the serotype-matched ply+lytA+ strain, it induces less tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) and no interleukin-1β production. The TNFα induced by the Δ(lytA'-ply')593 strain requires MyD88 but, in contrast to the ply+lytA+ strain, is not reduced in cells lacking TLR2, 4 or 9. In comparison to the ply+lytA+ strain in a mouse model of acute pneumonia, infection with the Δ(lytA'-ply')593 strain resulted in less severe lung pathology, comparable levels of interleukin-1α, but minimal release of other pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interferon-γ, interleukin-6 and TNFα. These results suggest a mechanism by which a naturally occurring Δ(lytA'-ply')593 mutant strain of S. pneumoniae that resides in a non-human host has reduced inflammatory and invasive capacity compared to a human S. pneumoniae strain. These data probably explain the relatively mild clinical disease in response to S. pneumoniae infection seen in horses in comparison to humans.
Collapse
|
3
|
Tupik JD, Markov Madanick JW, Ivester HM, Allen IC. Detecting DNA: An Overview of DNA Recognition by Inflammasomes and Protection against Bacterial Respiratory Infections. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101681. [PMID: 35626718 PMCID: PMC9139316 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system plays a key role in modulating host immune defense during bacterial disease. Upon sensing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), the multi-protein complex known as the inflammasome serves a protective role against bacteria burden through facilitating pathogen clearance and bacteria lysis. This can occur through two mechanisms: (1) the cleavage of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β/IL-18 and (2) the initiation of inflammatory cell death termed pyroptosis. In recent literature, AIM2-like Receptor (ALR) and Nod-like Receptor (NLR) inflammasome activation has been implicated in host protection following recognition of bacterial DNA. Here, we review current literature synthesizing mechanisms of DNA recognition by inflammasomes during bacterial respiratory disease. This process can occur through direct sensing of DNA or indirectly by sensing pathogen-associated intracellular changes. Additionally, DNA recognition may be assisted through inflammasome–inflammasome interactions, specifically non-canonical inflammasome activation of NLRP3, and crosstalk with the interferon-inducible DNA sensors Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) and Z-DNA Binding Protein-1 (ZBP1). Ultimately, bacterial DNA sensing by inflammasomes is highly protective during respiratory disease, emphasizing the importance of inflammasome involvement in the respiratory tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juselyn D. Tupik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (J.D.T.); (J.W.M.M.); (H.M.I.)
| | - Justin W. Markov Madanick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (J.D.T.); (J.W.M.M.); (H.M.I.)
| | - Hannah M. Ivester
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (J.D.T.); (J.W.M.M.); (H.M.I.)
| | - Irving C. Allen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (J.D.T.); (J.W.M.M.); (H.M.I.)
- Department of Basic Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-540-231-7551; Fax: +1-540-231-6033
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Association between delay in intensive care unit admission and the host response in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Intensive Care 2021; 11:142. [PMID: 34585271 PMCID: PMC8478267 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-021-00930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A delay in admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has been associated with an increased mortality. Decisions regarding interventions and eligibility for immune modulatory therapy are often made at the time of admission to the ICU. The primary aim of this study was to compare the host immune response measured upon ICU admission in CAP patients admitted immediately from the emergency department (direct ICU admission) with those who were transferred within 72 h after admission to the general ward (delayed ICU admission). Methods Sixteen host response biomarkers providing insight in pathophysiological mechanisms implicated in sepsis and blood leukocyte transcriptomes were analysed in patients with CAP upon ICU admission in two tertiary hospitals in the Netherlands. Results Of 530 ICU admissions with CAP, 387 (73.0%) were directly admitted and 143 (27.0%) had a delayed admission. Patients with a delayed ICU admission were more often immunocompromised (35.0 versus 21.2%, P = .002) and had more malignancies (23.1 versus 13.4%, P = .011). Shock was more present in patients who were admitted to the ICU directly (46.6 versus 33.6%, P = .010). Delayed ICU admission was not associated with an increased hospital mortality risk (hazard ratio 1.25, 95% CI 0.89–1.78, P = .20). The plasma levels of biomarkers (n = 297) reflecting systemic inflammation, endothelial cell activation and coagulation activation were largely similar between groups, with exception of C-reactive protein, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and angiopoietin-1, which were more aberrant in delayed admissions compared to direct ICU admissions. Blood leukocyte transcriptomes (n = 132) of patients with a delayed ICU admission showed blunted innate and adaptive immune response signalling when compared with direct ICU admissions, as well as decreased gene expression associated with tissue repair and extracellular matrix remodelling pathways. Conclusions Blood leukocytes of CAP patients with delayed ICU admission show evidence of a more immune suppressive phenotype upon ICU admission when compared with blood leukocytes from patients directly transferred to the ICU. Trial registration: Molecular Diagnosis and Risk Stratification of Sepsis (MARS) project, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01905033. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13613-021-00930-5.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang JL, Chen X, Xu Y, Chen YX, Wang J, Liu YL, Song HT, Fei J, Zhao H, Fu L. The Associations of Serum IL-37 With the Severity and Prognosis in Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:636896. [PMID: 34025645 PMCID: PMC8138168 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.636896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidences suggested that IL-37 may participate in the pathophysiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Nevertheless, its exact biological role was unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the associations of serum IL-37 with the severity and prognosis in CAP patients based on a retrospective cohort study. Methods The whole of 120 healthy subjects and 240 CAP patients were summoned. Peripheral blood was collected and IL-37 was detected using ELISA. Results Serum IL-37 was obviously decreased in CAP patients on admission. In addition, serum IL-37 was gradually decreased in parallel with CAP severity scores. Correlative analysis revealed that serum IL-37 was negatively associated with CAP severity scores and inflammatory cytokines. Further logistical regression found that reduction of serum IL-37 augmented the severity of CAP patients. Moreover, the follow-up research was performed in CAP patients. Serum lower IL-37 on admission prolonged the hospital stay in CAP patients. Serum IL-37 combination with PSI and CURB-65 had a stronger predictive capacity for death than IL-37 and CAP severity score alone in CAP patients. Conclusion There are remarkably negative correlations between serum IL-37 with the severity and prognosis in CAP patients. Serum IL-37 on admission prolongs the hospital stay, demonstrating that IL-37 may involve in the process of CAP. Serum IL-37 may be regarded as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis for CAP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue-Xin Chen
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Lu Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-Tao Song
- Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Fei
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li H, Lin L, Chong L, Gu S, Wen S, Yu G, Hu X, Dong L, Zhang H, Li C. Time-resolved mRNA and miRNA expression profiling reveals crucial coregulation of molecular pathways involved in epithelial-pneumococcal interactions. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:726-742. [PMID: 32592597 PMCID: PMC7586809 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major causative agent of pneumonia worldwide and its complex interaction with the lung epithelium has not been thoroughly characterized. In this study, we exploited both RNA‐sequencing and microRNA (miRNA)‐sequencing approaches to monitor the transcriptional changes in human lung alveolar epithelial cells infected by S. pneumoniae in a time‐resolved manner. A total of 1330 differentially expressed (DE) genes and 45 DE miRNAs were identified in all comparisons during the infection process. Clustering analysis showed that all DE genes were grouped into six clusters, several of which were primarily involved in inflammatory or immune responses. In addition, target gene enrichment analyses identified 11 transcription factors that were predicted to link at least one of four clusters, revealing transcriptional coregulation of multiple processes or pathways by common transcription factors. Notably, pharmacological treatment suggested that phosphorylation of p65 is important for optimal transcriptional regulation of target genes in epithelial cells exposed to pathogens. Furthermore, network‐based clustering analysis separated the DE genes negatively regulated by DE miRNAs into two functional modules (M1 and M2), with an enrichment in immune responses and apoptotic signaling pathways for M1. Integrated network analyses of potential regulatory interactions in M1 revealed that multiple DE genes related to immunity and apoptosis were regulated by multiple miRNAs, indicating the coordinated regulation of multiple genes by multiple miRNAs. In conclusion, time‐series expression profiling of messenger RNA and miRNA provides a wealth of information for global transcriptional changes, and offers comprehensive insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying host–pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Li
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Chong
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuge Gu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shunhang Wen
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoguang Hu
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Changchong Li
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Feng S, Chen T, Lei G, Hou F, Jiang J, Huang Q, Peng Y, Ye C, Hu DL, Fang R. Absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome is required for host defence against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Innate Immun 2019; 25:412-419. [PMID: 31266383 PMCID: PMC6900643 DOI: 10.1177/1753425919860252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae, a leading cause of invasive
pneumococcal disease, is responsible for high mortality and morbidity worldwide.
A previous study showed that the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)
and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasomes are essential for caspase-1
activation and IL-1β production in the host response to S.
pneumoniae infection. The function of NLRP3 in host innate immunity
to S. pneumoniae was studied in vivo and
in vitro. However, the role of AIM2 in host defence against
S. pneumoniae remains unclear. Here, we show that
AIM2-deficient (AIM2–/–) mice display increased susceptibility to
intra-nasal infection with S. pneumoniae in comparison to wild
type mice and that this susceptibility was associated with defective IL-1β
production. Macrophages from AIM2–/– mice infected with S.
pneumoniae showed impaired secretion of IL-1β as well as activation
of the inflammasome, as determined by the oligomerisation of
apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and caspase-1
activation. Taken together, these results indicate that the AIM2 inflammasome is
essential for caspase-1-dependent cytokine IL-1β production and eventual
protection from pneumococcal infection in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Feng
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Tingting Chen
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Guihua Lei
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Fengqing Hou
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Chao Ye
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China.,2 Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Japan
| | - Rendong Fang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Perlee D, de Vos AF, Scicluna BP, Mancheño P, de la Rosa O, Dalemans W, Nürnberg P, Lombardo E, van der Poll T. Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modify Lung Immunity and Improve Antibacterial Defense in Pneumosepsis Caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:785-796. [PMID: 31033196 PMCID: PMC6646807 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells exert immunomodulatory effects that might improve the host response during sepsis. Knowledge on the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in sepsis is limited. Klebsiella (K.) pneumoniae is a common cause of gram-negative pneumonia and sepsis. This study sought to determine the effect of human ASCs on the host response during pneumosepsis in mice. Mice were infected with K. pneumoniae via the airways to induce a gradually evolving infection in the lung culminating pneumosepsis. One or 6 hours after infection, mice were infused intravenously with ASCs or vehicle, and euthanized after 16 hours or 48 hours, respectively. The effects of freshly cultured and cryopreserved ASCs were compared, the latter formulation being more clinically relevant. Intravenously administered ASCs were visualized in lung tissue by immunostaining at 1 and 3 hours, but not at 15 hours after infusion. Although early after infection, ASCs did not or only modestly influence bacterial loads, they reduced bacterial burdens in lungs and distant organs at 48 hours. ASCs reduced the lung levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and attenuated lung pathology, but did not influence distant organ injury. ASCs strongly modified the lung transcriptome in uninfected mice and especially mice with pneumosepsis. Cryopreserved and cultured ASCs induced largely similar effects on the lung transcriptome. These data indicate that human ASCs induce profound immune modulatory effects in the lungs, resulting in reduced bacterial burdens and lung inflammation during pneumosepsis caused by a common human pathogen, suggesting that ASCs may be an adjunctive therapeutic in this condition. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:785&796.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Perlee
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex F de Vos
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Tom van der Poll
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Deng Y, Guo SL, Wei B, Gao XC, Zhou YC, Li JQ. Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine α7 Receptor Attenuates Progression of Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats by Downregulating the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:128. [PMID: 30863307 PMCID: PMC6399137 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammation and altered immunity contribute to the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH). The alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) possesses anti-inflammatory activities. The current study was performed to investigate the effects of a selective α7nAChR agonist, PNU-282987, on controlling a monocrotaline (MCT)-induced rat model of PH and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with MCT and treated with PNU-282987 at the prevention (starting 1 week before MCT) and treatment (starting 2 weeks after MCT) settings. Four weeks after MCT injection, hemodynamic changes, right ventricular structure, and lung morphological features were assessed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to assess levels of inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 (Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome pathway in the rat lung tissues. In addition, the lung macrophage line NR8383 was used to confirm the in vivo data. Results: Monocrotaline injection produced PH in rats and downregulated α7nAChR mRNA and protein expression in rat lung tissues compared to sham controls. Pharmacological activation of α7nAChR by PNU-282987 therapy improved the rat survival rate, attenuated the development of PH as assessed by remodeling of pulmonary arterioles, reduced the right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure, and ameliorated the hypertrophy and fibrosis of the RV in rats with MCT-induced PH. The expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 were downregulated in rat lung tissues, which implied that PNU-282987 therapy may help regulate inflammation. These protective effects involved the inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In vitro assays of cultured rat lung macrophages confirmed that the anti-inflammation effect of PNU-282987 therapy may contribute to the disturbance of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Conclusion: Targeting α7nAChR with PNU-282987 could effectively prevent and treat PH with benefits for preventing ongoing inflammation in the lungs of rats with MCT-induced PH by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Deng
- Department of Ultrasound, The Cardiovascular Disease Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Sheng-Lan Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, The Cardiovascular Disease Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xing-Cui Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ying-Chuan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jia-Quan Li
- The Experimental Center of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Perlee D, van Vught LA, Scicluna BP, Maag A, Lutter R, Kemper EM, van ‘t Veer C, Punchard MA, González J, Richard MP, Dalemans W, Lombardo E, de Vos AF, van der Poll T. Intravenous Infusion of Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modifies the Host Response to Lipopolysaccharide in Humans: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Parallel Group, Placebo Controlled Trial. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1778-1788. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Perlee
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke A. van Vught
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Brendon P. Scicluna
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Anja Maag
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - René Lutter
- Department of Experimental Immunology & Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Elles M. Kemper
- Department of Pharmacy, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis van ‘t Veer
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alex F. de Vos
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center of Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies New Host Genomic Susceptibility Factors in Empyema Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in Children: A Pilot Study. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9050240. [PMID: 29751582 PMCID: PMC5977180 DOI: 10.3390/genes9050240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumonia is the leading cause of death amongst infectious diseases. Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for about 25% of pneumonia cases worldwide, and it is a major cause of childhood mortality. We carried out a whole exome sequencing (WES) study in eight patients with complicated cases of pneumococcal pneumonia (empyema). An initial assessment of statistical association of WES variation with pneumonia was carried out using data from the 1000 Genomes Project (1000G) for the Iberian Peninsula (IBS) as reference controls. Pseudo-replication statistical analyses were carried out using different European control groups. Association tests pointed to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs201967957 (gene MEIS1; chromosome 2; p-valueIBS = 3.71 × 10-13) and rs576099063 (gene TSPAN15; chromosome 10; p-valueIBS = 2.36 × 10-8) as the best candidate variants associated to pneumococcal pneumonia. A burden gene test of pathogenicity signaled four genes, namely, OR9G9, MUC6, MUC3A and APOB, which carry significantly increased pathogenic variation when compared to controls. By analyzing various transcriptomic data repositories, we found strong supportive evidence for the role of MEIS1, TSPAN15 and APOBR (encoding the receptor of the APOB protein) in pneumonia in mouse and human models. Furthermore, the association of the olfactory receptor gene OR9G9 has recently been related to some viral infectious diseases, while the role of mucin genes (MUC6 and MUC3A), encoding mucin glycoproteins, are well-known factors related to chronic obstructive airway disease. WES emerges as a promising technique to disentangle the genetic basis of host genome susceptibility to infectious respiratory diseases.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wiewel MA, Scicluna BP, van Vught LA, Hoogendijk AJ, Zwinderman AH, Lutter R, Horn J, Cremer OL, Bonten MJ, Schultz MJ, van der Poll T. The host response in critically ill sepsis patients on statin therapy: a prospective observational study. Ann Intensive Care 2018; 8:9. [PMID: 29349709 PMCID: PMC5773465 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-017-0349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Statins can exert pleiotropic anti-inflammatory, vascular protective and anticoagulant effects, which in theory could improve the dysregulated host response during sepsis. We aimed to determine the association between prior statin use and host response characteristics in critically ill patients with sepsis. Methods We performed a prospective observational study in 1060 patients admitted with sepsis to the mixed intensive care units (ICUs) of two hospitals in the Netherlands between January 2011 and July 2013. Of these, 351 patients (33%) were on statin therapy before admission. The host response was evaluated by measuring 23 biomarkers providing insight into key pathways implicated in sepsis pathogenesis and by analyzing whole-blood leukocyte transcriptomes in samples obtained within 24 h after ICU admission. To account for indication bias, a propensity score-matched cohort was created (N = 194 in both groups for protein biomarkers and N = 95 in both groups for gene expression analysis). Results Prior statin use was not associated with an altered mortality up to 90 days after admission (38.0 vs. 39.7% in the non-statin users in the propensity-matched analysis). Statin use did not modify systemic inflammatory responses, activation of the vascular endothelium or the coagulation system. The blood leukocyte genomic response, characterized by over-expression of genes involved in inflammatory and innate immune signaling pathways as well as under-expression of genes associated to T cell function, was not different between patients with and without prior statin use. Conclusions Statin therapy is not associated with a modified host response in sepsis patients on admission to the ICU. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13613-017-0349-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryse A Wiewel
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Room G2-130, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,The Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Room G2-130, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,The Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Bioinformatics, and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke A van Vught
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Room G2-130, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,The Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arie J Hoogendijk
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Room G2-130, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,The Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Bioinformatics, and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René Lutter
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Horn
- Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf L Cremer
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc J Bonten
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus J Schultz
- Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Room G2-130, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,The Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rabes A, Suttorp N, Opitz B. Inflammasomes in Pneumococcal Infection: Innate Immune Sensing and Bacterial Evasion Strategies. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2017; 397:215-27. [PMID: 27460812 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41171-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae frequently colonizes the upper respiratory tract of healthy individuals, but also commonly causes severe invasive infections such as community-acquired pneumonia and meningitis. One of the key virulence factors of pneumococci is the pore-forming toxin pneumolysin which stimulates cell death and is involved in the evasion of some defense mechanisms. The immune system, however, employs different inflammasomes to sense pneumolysin-induced pore formation, cellular membrane damage, and/or subsequent leakage of bacterial nucleic acid into the host cell cytosol. Canonical inflammasomes are cytosolic multiprotein complexes consisting of a receptor molecule such as NLRP3 or AIM2, the adapter ASC, and caspase-1. NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes mediate cell death and production of important IL-1 family cytokines to recruit leukocytes and defend against S. pneumoniae. Here, we review recent evidence that highlights inflammasomes as critical sensors of S. pneumoniae-induced cellular perturbations, summarize their role in pneumococcal infections, and discuss potential evasion strategies of some emerging pneumococcal strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Rabes
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bastian Opitz
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Stroo I, Zeerleder S, Ding C, Luken BM, Roelofs JJTH, de Boer OJ, Meijers JCM, Castellino FJ, van 't Veer C, van der Poll T. Coagulation factor XI improves host defence during murine pneumonia-derived sepsis independent of factor XII activation. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:1601-1614. [PMID: 28492700 DOI: 10.1160/th16-12-0920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial pneumonia, the most common cause of sepsis, is associated with activation of coagulation. Factor XI (FXI), the key component of the intrinsic pathway, can be activated via factor XII (FXII), part of the contact system, or via thrombin. To determine whether intrinsic coagulation is involved in host defence during pneumonia and whether this is dependent on FXII activation, we infected in parallel wild-type (WT), FXI knockout (KO) and FXII KO mice with two different clinically relevant pathogens, the Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae and the Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae, via the airways. FXI deficiency worsened survival and enhanced bacterial outgrowth in both pneumonia models. This was accompanied with enhanced inflammatory responses in FXI KO mice. FXII KO mice were comparable with WT mice in Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia. On the contrary, FXII deficiency improved survival and reduced bacterial outgrowth following infection with Klebsiella pneumoniae. In both pneumonia models, local coagulation was not impaired in either FXI KO or FXII KO mice. The capacity to phagocytose bacteria was impaired in FXI KO neutrophils and in human neutrophils where activation of FXI was inhibited. Deficiency for FXII or blocking activation of FXI via FXIIa had no effect on phagocytosis. Taken together, these data suggest that FXI protects against sepsis derived from Streptococcus pneumoniae or Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia at least in part by enhancing the phagocytic capacity of neutrophils by a mechanism that is independent of activation via FXIIa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Stroo
- Ingrid Stroo, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, G2-1051105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Tel.: +31 20 5666034, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lankelma JM, Birnie E, Weehuizen TAF, Scicluna BP, Belzer C, Houtkooper RH, Roelofs JJTH, de Vos AF, van der Poll T, Budding AE, Wiersinga WJ. The gut microbiota as a modulator of innate immunity during melioidosis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005548. [PMID: 28422970 PMCID: PMC5411098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melioidosis, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is an emerging cause of pneumonia-derived sepsis in the tropics. The gut microbiota supports local mucosal immunity and is increasingly recognized as a protective mediator in host defenses against systemic infection. Here, we aimed to characterize the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota during experimental melioidosis. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS C57BL/6 mice were infected intranasally with B. pseudomallei and sacrificed at different time points to assess bacterial loads and inflammation. In selected experiments, the gut microbiota was disrupted with broad-spectrum antibiotics prior to inoculation. Fecal bacterial composition was analyzed by means of IS-pro, a 16S-23S interspacer region-based profiling method. A marked shift in fecal bacterial composition was seen in all mice during systemic B. pseudomallei infection with a strong increase in Proteobacteria and decrease in Actinobacteria, with an increase in bacterial diversity. We found enhanced early dissemination of B. pseudomallei and systemic inflammation during experimental melioidosis in microbiota-disrupted mice compared with controls. Whole-genome transcriptional profiling of the lung identified several genes that were differentially expressed between mice with a normal or disrupted intestinal microbiota. Genes involved in acute phase signaling, including macrophage-related signaling pathways were significantly elevated in microbiota disrupted mice. Compared with controls, alveolar macrophages derived from antibiotic pretreated mice showed a diminished capacity to phagocytose B. pseudomallei. This might in part explain the observed protective effect of the gut microbiota in the host defense against pneumonia-derived melioidosis. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, these data identify the gut microbiota as a potential modulator of innate immunity during B. pseudomallei infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M. Lankelma
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Emma Birnie
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tassili A. F. Weehuizen
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brendon P. Scicluna
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H. Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joris J. T. H. Roelofs
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex F. de Vos
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andries E. Budding
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W. Joost Wiersinga
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kang MJ, Jo SG, Kim DJ, Park JH. NLRP3 inflammasome mediates interleukin-1β production in immune cells in response to Acinetobacter baumannii and contributes to pulmonary inflammation in mice. Immunology 2017; 150:495-505. [PMID: 28032341 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a multi-drug resistant, Gram-negative bacteria and infection with this organism is one of the major causes of mortality in intensive care units. Inflammasomes are multiprotein oligomers that include caspase-1, and their activation is required for maturation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Inflammasome signalling is involved in host defences against various microbial infections, but the precise mechanism by which A. baumannii activates inflammasomes and the roles of relevant signals in host defence against pulmonary A. baumannii infection are unknown. Our results showed that NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1, but not NLRC4, are required for A. baumannii-induced production of IL-1β in macrophages. An inhibitor assay revealed that various pathways, including P2X7R, K+ efflux, reactive oxygen species production and release of cathepsins, are involved in IL-1β production in macrophages in response to A. baumannii. Interleukin-1β production in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was impaired in NLRP3-deficient and caspase-1/11-deficient mice infected with A. baumannii, compared with that in wild-type (WT) mice. However, the bacterial loads in BAL fluid and lungs were comparable between WT and NLRP3-deficient or caspase-1/11-deficient mice. The severity of lung pathology was reduced in NLRP3- deficient, caspase-1/11- deficient and IL-1-receptor-deficient mice, although the recruitment of immune cells and production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were not altered in these mice. These findings indicate that A. baumannii leads to the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, which mediates IL-1β production and lung pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jung Kang
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK 21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung-Gang Jo
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK 21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dong-Jae Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Centre, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK 21 PLUS Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Loss of the DNA Damage Repair Kinase ATM Impairs Inflammasome-Dependent Anti-Bacterial Innate Immunity. Immunity 2016; 45:106-18. [PMID: 27421701 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The ATM kinase is a central component of the DNA damage repair machinery and redox balance. ATM dysfunction results in the multisystem disease ataxia-telangiectasia (AT). A major cause of mortality in AT is respiratory bacterial infections. Whether ATM deficiency causes innate immune defects that might contribute to bacterial infections is not known. Here we have shown that loss of ATM impairs inflammasome-dependent anti-bacterial innate immunity. Cells from AT patients or Atm(-/-) mice exhibited diminished interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production in response to bacteria. In vivo, Atm(-/-) mice were more susceptible to pulmonary S. pneumoniae infection in a manner consistent with inflammasome defects. Our data indicate that such defects were due to oxidative inhibition of inflammasome complex assembly. This study reveals an unanticipated function of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in negative regulation of inflammasomes and proposes a theory for the notable susceptibility of AT patients to pulmonary bacterial infection.
Collapse
|
18
|
Broad defects in the energy metabolism of leukocytes underlie immunoparalysis in sepsis. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:406-13. [PMID: 26950237 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The acute phase of sepsis is characterized by a strong inflammatory reaction. At later stages in some patients, immunoparalysis may be encountered, which is associated with a poor outcome. By transcriptional and metabolic profiling of human patients with sepsis, we found that a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis was an important component of initial activation of host defense. Blocking metabolic pathways with metformin diminished cytokine production and increased mortality in systemic fungal infection in mice. In contrast, in leukocytes rendered tolerant by exposure to lipopolysaccharide or after isolation from patients with sepsis and immunoparalysis, a generalized metabolic defect at the level of both glycolysis and oxidative metabolism was apparent, which was restored after recovery of the patients. Finally, the immunometabolic defects in humans were partially restored by therapy with recombinant interferon-γ, which suggested that metabolic processes might represent a therapeutic target in sepsis.
Collapse
|
19
|
The Impact of HIV Co-Infection on the Genomic Response to Sepsis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148955. [PMID: 26871709 PMCID: PMC4752296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV patients have an increased risk to develop sepsis and HIV infection affects several components of the immune system involved in sepsis pathogenesis. We hypothesized that HIV infection might aggrevate the aberrant immune response during sepsis, so we aimed to determine the impact of HIV infection on the genomic host response to sepsis. We compared whole blood leukocyte gene expression profiles among sepsis patients with or without HIV co-infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and validated our findings in a cohort of patients admitted to the same ICUs in a different time frame. To examine the influence of HIV infection per se, we also determined the expression of genes of interest in a cohort of asymptomatic HIV patients. We identified a predominantly common host response in sepsis patients with or without HIV co-infection. HIV positive sepsis patients in both ICU cohorts showed overexpression of genes involved in granzyme signaling (GZMA, GZMB), cytotoxic T-cell signaling (CD8A, CD8B) and T-cell inhibitory signaling (LAG3), compared to HIV negative patients. Enhanced expression of CD8A, CD8B and LAG3 was also unmasked in asymptomatic HIV patients. Plasma levels of granzymes in sepsis patients were largely below detection limit, without differences according to HIV status. These results demonstrate that sepsis is characterized by a massive common response with few differences between HIV positive and HIV negative sepsis patients. Observed differences in granzyme signaling, cytotoxic T-cell signaling and T-cell inhibitory signaling appear to be changes commonly observed in asymptomatic HIV patients which persist during sepsis.
Collapse
|
20
|
Scicluna BP, van Lieshout MH, Blok DC, Florquin S, van der Poll T. Modular Transcriptional Networks of the Host Pulmonary Response during Early and Late Pneumococcal Pneumonia. Mol Med 2015; 21:430-41. [PMID: 25998510 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spneu) remains the most lethal bacterial pathogen and the dominant agent of community-acquired pneumonia. Treatment has perennially focused on the use of antibiotics, albeit scrutinized due to the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant Spneu strains. Immunomodulatory strategies have emerged as potential treatment options. Although promising, immunomodulation can lead to improper tissue functions either at steady state or upon infectious challenge. This argues for the availability of tools to enable a detailed assessment of whole pulmonary functions during the course of infection, not only those functions biased to the defense response. Thus, through the use of an unbiased tissue microarray and bioinformatics approach, we aimed to construct a comprehensive map of whole-lung transcriptional activity and cellular pathways during the course of pneumococcal pneumonia. We performed genome-wide transcriptional analysis of whole lungs before and 6 and 48 h after Spneu infection in mice. The 4,000 most variable transcripts across all samples were used to assemble a gene coexpression network comprising 13 intercorrelating modules (clusters of genes). Fifty-four percent of this whole-lung transcriptional network was altered 6 and 48 h after Spneu infection. Canonical signaling pathway analysis uncovered known pathways imparting protection, including IL17A/IL17F signaling and previously undetected mechanisms that included lipid metabolism. Through in silico prediction of cell types, pathways were observed to enrich for distinct cell types such as a novel stromal cell lipid metabolism pathway. These cellular mechanisms were furthermore anchored at functional hub genes of cellular fate, differentiation, growth and transcription. Collectively, we provide a benchmark unsupervised map of whole-lung transcriptional relationships and cellular activity during early and late pneumococcal pneumonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brendon P Scicluna
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine and Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam
| | - Miriam H van Lieshout
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine and Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam
| | - Dana C Blok
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine and Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine and Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hoeksema MA, Scicluna BP, Boshuizen MCS, van der Velden S, Neele AE, Van den Bossche J, Matlung HL, van den Berg TK, Goossens P, de Winther MPJ. IFN-γ priming of macrophages represses a part of the inflammatory program and attenuates neutrophil recruitment. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:3909-16. [PMID: 25750432 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages form a heterogeneous population of immune cells, which is critical for both the initiation and resolution of inflammation. They can be skewed to a proinflammatory subtype by the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ and further activated with TLR triggers, such as LPS. In this work, we investigated the effects of IFN-γ priming on LPS-induced gene expression in primary mouse macrophages. Surprisingly, we found that IFN-γ priming represses a subset of LPS-induced genes, particularly genes involved in cellular movement and leukocyte recruitment. We found STAT1-binding motifs enriched in the promoters of these repressed genes. Furthermore, in the absence of STAT1, affected genes are derepressed. We also observed epigenetic remodeling by IFN-γ priming on enhancer or promoter sites of repressed genes, which resulted in less NF-κB p65 recruitment to these sites without effects on global NF-κB activation. Finally, the epigenetic and transcriptional changes induced by IFN-γ priming reduce neutrophil recruitment in vitro and in vivo. Our data show that IFN-γ priming changes the inflammatory repertoire of macrophages, leading to a change in neutrophil recruitment to inflammatory sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marten A Hoeksema
- Experimental Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Brendon P Scicluna
- Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Infection and Immunity, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke C S Boshuizen
- Experimental Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia van der Velden
- Experimental Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annette E Neele
- Experimental Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Van den Bossche
- Experimental Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanke L Matlung
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Timo K van den Berg
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Blood Cell Research, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Pieter Goossens
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, UM2, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Experimental Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abdullah MR, Gutiérrez-Fernández J, Pribyl T, Gisch N, Saleh M, Rohde M, Petruschka L, Burchhardt G, Schwudke D, Hermoso JA, Hammerschmidt S. Structure of the pneumococcal l,d-carboxypeptidase DacB and pathophysiological effects of disabled cell wall hydrolases DacA and DacB. Mol Microbiol 2014; 93:1183-206. [PMID: 25060741 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cell wall hydrolases are essential for peptidoglycan turnover and crucial to preserve cell shape. The d,d-carboxypeptidase DacA and l,d-carboxypeptidase DacB of Streptococcus pneumoniae function in a sequential manner. Here, we determined the structure of the surface-exposed lipoprotein DacB. The crystal structure of DacB, radically different to that of DacA, contains a mononuclear Zn(2+) catalytic centre located in the middle of a large and fully exposed groove. Two different conformations were found presenting a different arrangement of the active site topology. The critical residues for catalysis and substrate specificity were identified. Loss-of-function of DacA and DacB altered the cell shape and this was consistent with a modified peptidoglycan peptide composition in dac mutants. Contrary, an lgt mutant lacking lipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase activity required for proper lipoprotein maturation retained l,d-carboxypeptidase activity and showed an intact murein sacculus. In addition we demonstrated pathophysiological effects of disabled DacA or DacB activities. Real-time bioimaging of intranasal infected mice indicated a substantial attenuation of ΔdacB and ΔdacAΔdacB pneumococci, while ΔdacA had no significant effect. In addition, uptake of these mutants by professional phagocytes was enhanced, while the adherence to lung epithelial cells was decreased. Thus, structural and functional studies suggest DacA and DacB as optimal drug targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed R Abdullah
- Department Genetics of Microorganisms, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, D-17487, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hanamsagar R, Aldrich A, Kielian T. Critical role for the AIM2 inflammasome during acute CNS bacterial infection. J Neurochem 2014; 129:704-11. [PMID: 24484406 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is essential for eliciting protective immunity during the acute phase of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection in the central nervous system (CNS). We previously demonstrated that microglial IL-1β production in response to live S. aureus is mediated through the Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, including the adapter protein ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-1 recruitment domain), and pro-caspase 1. Here, we utilized NLRP3, ASC, and caspase 1/11 knockout (KO) mice to demonstrate the functional significance of inflammasome activity during CNS S. aureus infection. ASC and caspase 1/11 KO animals were exquisitely sensitive, with approximately 50% of mice succumbing to infection within 24 h. Unexpectedly, the survival of NLRP3 KO mice was similar to wild-type animals, suggesting the involvement of an alternative upstream sensor, which was later identified as absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) based on the similar disease patterns between AIM2 and ASC KO mice. Besides IL-1β, other key inflammatory mediators, including IL-6, CXCL1, CXCL10, and CCL2 were significantly reduced in the CNS of AIM2 and ASC KO mice, implicating autocrine/paracrine actions of IL-1β, as these mediators do not require inflammasome processing for secretion. These studies demonstrate a novel role for the AIM2 inflammasome as a critical molecular platform for regulating IL-1β release and survival during acute CNS S. aureus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Hanamsagar
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|