1
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Koziol-White C, Gebski E, Cao G, Panettieri RA. Precision cut lung slices: an integrated ex vivo model for studying lung physiology, pharmacology, disease pathogenesis and drug discovery. Respir Res 2024; 25:231. [PMID: 38824592 PMCID: PMC11144351 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02855-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision Cut Lung Slices (PCLS) have emerged as a sophisticated and physiologically relevant ex vivo model for studying the intricacies of lung diseases, including fibrosis, injury, repair, and host defense mechanisms. This innovative methodology presents a unique opportunity to bridge the gap between traditional in vitro cell cultures and in vivo animal models, offering researchers a more accurate representation of the intricate microenvironment of the lung. PCLS require the precise sectioning of lung tissue to maintain its structural and functional integrity. These thin slices serve as invaluable tools for various research endeavors, particularly in the realm of airway diseases. By providing a controlled microenvironment, precision-cut lung slices empower researchers to dissect and comprehend the multifaceted interactions and responses within lung tissue, thereby advancing our understanding of pulmonary pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Koziol-White
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
| | - Eric Gebski
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Gaoyaun Cao
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Rutgers Institute for Translational Medicine and Science, The State University of NJ, 08901, Rutgers, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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2
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Bagley DC, Russell T, Ortiz-Zapater E, Stinson S, Fox K, Redd PF, Joseph M, Deering-Rice C, Reilly C, Parsons M, Brightling C, Rosenblatt J. Bronchoconstriction damages airway epithelia by crowding-induced excess cell extrusion. Science 2024; 384:66-73. [PMID: 38574138 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk2758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is deemed an inflammatory disease, yet the defining diagnostic feature is mechanical bronchoconstriction. We previously discovered a conserved process called cell extrusion that drives homeostatic epithelial cell death when cells become too crowded. In this work, we show that the pathological crowding of a bronchoconstrictive attack causes so much epithelial cell extrusion that it damages the airways, resulting in inflammation and mucus secretion in both mice and humans. Although relaxing the airways with the rescue treatment albuterol did not affect these responses, inhibiting live cell extrusion signaling during bronchoconstriction prevented all these features. Our findings show that bronchoconstriction causes epithelial damage and inflammation by excess crowding-induced cell extrusion and suggest that blocking epithelial extrusion, instead of the ensuing downstream inflammation, could prevent the feed-forward asthma inflammatory cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin C Bagley
- The Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Tobias Russell
- The Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Elena Ortiz-Zapater
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sally Stinson
- Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR BRC, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | | | - Polly F Redd
- University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Merry Joseph
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | | | | | - Maddy Parsons
- The Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Christopher Brightling
- Institute for Lung Health, Leicester NIHR BRC, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Jody Rosenblatt
- The Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
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3
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Lee-Ferris RE, Okuda K, Galiger JR, Schworer SA, Rogers TD, Dang H, Gilmore R, Edwards C, Nakano S, Cawley AM, Pickles RJ, Gallant SC, Crisci E, Rivier L, Hagood JS, O'Neal WK, Baric RS, Grubb BR, Boucher RC, Randell SH. Prolonged airway explant culture enables study of health, disease, and viral pathogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.03.578756. [PMID: 38370820 PMCID: PMC10871200 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.03.578756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
In vitro models play a major role in studying airway physiology and disease. However, the native lung's complex tissue architecture and non-epithelial cell lineages are not preserved in these models. Ex vivo tissue models could overcome in vitro limitations, but methods for long-term maintenance of ex vivo tissue has not been established. We describe methods to culture human large airway explants, small airway explants, and precision-cut lung slices for at least 14 days. Human airway explants recapitulate genotype-specific electrophysiology, characteristic epithelial, endothelial, stromal and immune cell populations, and model viral infection after 14 days in culture. These methods also maintain mouse, rabbit, and pig tracheal explants. Notably, intact airway tissue can be cryopreserved, thawed, and used to generate explants with recovery of function 14 days post-thaw. These studies highlight the broad applications of airway tissue explants and their use as translational intermediates between in vitro and in vivo studies.
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4
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Cui Y, Yang Z, Lv Z, Lei J. Disruption of extracellular redox balance drives persistent lung fibrosis and impairs fibrosis resolution. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166842. [PMID: 37558008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is a devastating outcome of various diffuse parenchymal lung diseases. Despite rigorous research efforts, the mechanisms that propagate its progressive and nonresolving nature remain enigmatic. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. However, the role of extracellular redox state in disease progression and resolution remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that compartmentalized control over extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by aerosolized delivery of recombinant extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) suppresses an established bleomycin-induced fibrotic process in mice. Further analysis of publicly available microarray, RNA-seq and single-cell RNAseq datasets reveals a significant decrease in ECSOD expression in fibrotic lung tissues that can be spontaneously restored during fibrosis resolution. Therefore, we investigate the effect of siRNA-mediated ECSOD depletion during the established fibrotic phase on the self-limiting nature of the bleomycin mouse model. Our results demonstrate that in vivo knockdown of ECSOD in mouse fibrotic lungs impairs fibrosis resolution. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 downregulates endogenous ECSOD expression, leading to the accumulation of extracellular superoxide via Smad-mediated signaling and the activation of additional stores of latent TGF-β1. In addition, depletion of endogenous ECSOD during the fibrotic phase in the bleomycin model induces an apoptosis-resistant phenotype in lung fibroblasts through unrestricted Akt signaling. Taken together, our data strongly support the critical role of extracellular redox state in fibrosis persistence and resolution. Based on these findings, we propose that compartment-specific control over extracellular ROS may be a potential therapeutic strategy for managing fibrotic lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cui
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zeran Yang
- Interventional Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Lei
- Medical Imaging Laboratory, Research Core Facilities, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
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5
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Bagley DC, Russell T, Ortiz-Zapater E, Fox K, Redd PF, Joseph M, Rice CD, Reilly CA, Parsons M, Rosenblatt J. Bronchoconstriction damages airway epithelia by excess crowding-induced extrusion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.04.551943. [PMID: 37577550 PMCID: PMC10418241 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.04.551943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is deemed an inflammatory disease, yet the defining diagnostic symptom is mechanical bronchoconstriction. We previously discovered a conserved process that drives homeostatic epithelial cell death in response to mechanical cell crowding called cell extrusion(1, 2). Here, we show that the pathological crowding of a bronchoconstrictive attack causes so much epithelial cell extrusion that it damages the airways, resulting in inflammation and mucus secretion. While relaxing airways with the rescue treatment albuterol did not impact these responses, inhibiting live cell extrusion signaling during bronchoconstriction prevented all these symptoms. Our findings propose a new etiology for asthma, dependent on the mechanical crowding of a bronchoconstrictive attack. Our studies suggest that blocking epithelial extrusion, instead of ensuing downstream inflammation, could prevent the feed-forward asthma inflammatory cycle.
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6
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Kim JH, Schaible N, Hall JK, Bartolák-Suki E, Deng Y, Herrmann J, Sonnenberg A, Behrsing HP, Lutchen KR, Krishnan R, Suki B. Multiscale stiffness of human emphysematous precision cut lung slices. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf2535. [PMID: 37205750 PMCID: PMC10198632 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf2535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Emphysema is a debilitating disease that remodels the lung leading to reduced tissue stiffness. Thus, understanding emphysema progression requires assessing lung stiffness at both the tissue and alveolar scales. Here, we introduce an approach to determine multiscale tissue stiffness and apply it to precision-cut lung slices (PCLS). First, we established a framework for measuring stiffness of thin, disk-like samples. We then designed a device to verify this concept and validated its measuring capabilities using known samples. Next, we compared healthy and emphysematous human PCLS and found that the latter was 50% softer. Through computational network modeling, we discovered that this reduced macroscopic tissue stiffness was due to both microscopic septal wall remodeling and structural deterioration. Lastly, through protein expression profiling, we identified a wide spectrum of enzymes that can drive septal wall remodeling, which, together with mechanical forces, lead to rupture and structural deterioration of the emphysematous lung parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Mechanobiologix, LLC, Newton, MA, USA
| | - Niccole Schaible
- Mechanobiologix, LLC, Newton, MA, USA
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joseph K. Hall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yuqing Deng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacob Herrmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adam Sonnenberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kenneth R. Lutchen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Mechanobiologix, LLC, Newton, MA, USA
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Béla Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Mechanobiologix, LLC, Newton, MA, USA
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7
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Lam M, Lamanna E, Organ L, Donovan C, Bourke JE. Perspectives on precision cut lung slices-powerful tools for investigation of mechanisms and therapeutic targets in lung diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1162889. [PMID: 37261291 PMCID: PMC10228656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1162889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision cut lung slices (PCLS) have emerged as powerful experimental tools for respiratory research. Pioneering studies using mouse PCLS to visualize intrapulmonary airway contractility have been extended to pulmonary arteries and for assessment of novel bronchodilators and vasodilators as therapeutics. Additional disease-relevant outcomes, including inflammatory, fibrotic, and regenerative responses, are now routinely measured in PCLS from multiple species, including humans. This review provides an overview of established and innovative uses of PCLS as an intermediary between cellular and organ-based studies and focuses on opportunities to increase their application to investigate mechanisms and therapeutic targets to oppose excessive airway contraction and fibrosis in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Lamanna
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Institut Pasteur, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, INSERM UMR1222, Paris, France
| | - Louise Organ
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Chantal Donovan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jane E. Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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8
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Liu Y, Wu P, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yang H, Zhou G, Wu X, Wen Q. Application of Precision-Cut Lung Slices as an In Vitro Model for Research of Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120767. [PMID: 36550973 PMCID: PMC9774555 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The leading cause of many respiratory diseases is an ongoing and progressive inflammatory response. Traditionally, inflammatory lung diseases were studied primarily through animal models, cell cultures, and organoids. These technologies have certain limitations, despite their great contributions to the study of respiratory diseases. Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) are thin, uniform tissue slices made from human or animal lung tissue and are widely used extensively both nationally and internationally as an in vitro organotypic model. Human lung slices bridge the gap between in vivo and in vitro models, and they can replicate the living lung environment well while preserving the lungs' basic structures, such as their primitive cells and trachea. However, there is no perfect model that can completely replace the structure of the human lung, and there is still a long way to go in the research of lung slice technology. This review details and analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of precision lung slices as an in vitro model for exploring respiratory diseases associated with inflammation, as well as recent advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Anesthesiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116014, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Anesthesiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Yansong Liu
- Anesthesiology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, China
| | - Hongfang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian University Affiliated Xinhua Hospital, Dalian 116021, China
| | | | - Xiaoqi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116014, China
| | - Qingping Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116014, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-180-9887-7988
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9
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Jeong MH, Han H, Lagares D, Im H. Recent Advances in Molecular Diagnosis of Pulmonary Fibrosis for Precision Medicine. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:520-538. [DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ho Jeong
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Hongwei Han
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - David Lagares
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Hyungsoon Im
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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10
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Herminghaus A, Kozlov AV, Szabó A, Hantos Z, Gylstorff S, Kuebart A, Aghapour M, Wissuwa B, Walles T, Walles H, Coldewey SM, Relja B. A Barrier to Defend - Models of Pulmonary Barrier to Study Acute Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:895100. [PMID: 35874776 PMCID: PMC9300899 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.895100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary diseases represent four out of ten most common causes for worldwide mortality. Thus, pulmonary infections with subsequent inflammatory responses represent a major public health concern. The pulmonary barrier is a vulnerable entry site for several stress factors, including pathogens such as viruses, and bacteria, but also environmental factors e.g. toxins, air pollutants, as well as allergens. These pathogens or pathogen-associated molecular pattern and inflammatory agents e.g. damage-associated molecular pattern cause significant disturbances in the pulmonary barrier. The physiological and biological functions, as well as the architecture and homeostatic maintenance of the pulmonary barrier are highly complex. The airway epithelium, denoting the first pulmonary barrier, encompasses cells releasing a plethora of chemokines and cytokines, and is further covered with a mucus layer containing antimicrobial peptides, which are responsible for the pathogen clearance. Submucosal antigen-presenting cells and neutrophilic granulocytes are also involved in the defense mechanisms and counterregulation of pulmonary infections, and thus may directly affect the pulmonary barrier function. The detailed understanding of the pulmonary barrier including its architecture and functions is crucial for the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic treatment strategies of pulmonary diseases. Thus, considering multiple side effects and limited efficacy of current therapeutic treatment strategies in patients with inflammatory diseases make experimental in vitro and in vivo models necessary to improving clinical therapy options. This review describes existing models for studyying the pulmonary barrier function under acute inflammatory conditions, which are meant to improve the translational approaches for outcome predictions, patient monitoring, and treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Herminghaus
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrey V. Kozlov
- L Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology in Cooperation with AUVA and Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Human Pathology , IM Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrea Szabó
- Institute of Surgical Research, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hantos
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Severin Gylstorff
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Kuebart
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Mahyar Aghapour
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bianka Wissuwa
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Septomics Research Centre, Centre for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Thorsten Walles
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Magdeburg University Medicine, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Heike Walles
- Research Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Core Facility Tissue Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sina M. Coldewey
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Septomics Research Centre, Centre for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Borna Relja
- Experimental Radiology, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Research Campus STIMULATE, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Borna Relja,
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11
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Bai Y, Ai X. Utilizing the Precision-Cut Lung Slice to Study the Contractile Regulation of Airway and Intrapulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle. J Vis Exp 2022:10.3791/63932. [PMID: 35604150 PMCID: PMC11147671 DOI: 10.3791/63932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMC) mediate the contraction of the airway and the intrapulmonary artery to modify airflow resistance and pulmonary circulation, respectively, hence playing a critical role in the homeostasis of the pulmonary system. Deregulation of SMC contractility contributes to several pulmonary diseases, including asthma and pulmonary hypertension. However, due to limited tissue access and a lack of culture systems to maintain in vivo SMC phenotypes, molecular mechanisms underlying the deregulated SMC contractility in these diseases remain fully identified. The precision-cut lung slice (PCLS) offers an ex vivo model that circumvents these technical difficulties. As a live, thin lung tissue section, the PCLS retains SMC in natural surroundings and allows in situ tracking of SMC contraction and intracellular Ca2+ signaling that regulates SMC contractility. Here, a detailed mouse PCLS preparation protocol is provided, which preserves intact airways and intrapulmonary arteries. This protocol involves two essential steps before subjecting the lung lobe to slicing: inflating the airway with low-melting-point agarose through the trachea and infilling pulmonary vessels with gelatin through the right ventricle. The PCLS prepared using this protocol can be used for bioassays to evaluate Ca2+-mediated contractile regulation of SMC in both the airway and the intrapulmonary arterial compartments. When applied to mouse models of respiratory diseases, this protocol enables the functional investigation of SMC, thereby providing insight into the underlying mechanism of SMC contractility deregulation in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bai
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School;
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School
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12
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Tigges J, Eggerbauer F, Worek F, Thiermann H, Rauen U, Wille T. Optimization of long-term cold storage of rat precision-cut lung slices with a tissue preservation solution. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L1023-L1035. [PMID: 34643087 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00076.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) are used as ex vivo model of the lung to fill the gap between in vitro and in vivo experiments. To allow optimal utilization of PCLS, possibilities to prolong slice viability via cold storage using optimized storage solutions were evaluated. Rat PCLS were cold stored in DMEM/F-12 or two different preservation solutions for up to 28 days at 4°C. After rewarming in DMEM/F-12, metabolic activity, live/dead staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed to analyze overall tissue viability. Single-cell suspensions were prepared and proportions of CD45+, EpCAM+, CD31+, and CD90+ cells were analyzed. As functional parameters, TNF-α expression was analyzed to detect inflammatory activity and bronchoconstriction was evaluated after acetylcholine stimulus. After 14 days of cold storage, viability and mitochondrial membrane potential were significantly better preserved after storage in solution 1 (potassium chloride rich) and solution 2 (potassium- and lactobionate-rich analog) compared with DMEM/F-12. Analysis of cell populations revealed efficient preservation of EpCAM+, CD31+, and CD90+ cells. Proportion of CD45+ cells decreased during cold storage but was better preserved by both modified solutions than by DMEM/F-12. PCLS stored in solution 1 responded substantially longer to inflammatory stimulation than those stored in DMEM/F-12 or solution 2. Analysis of bronchoconstriction revealed total loss of function after 14 days of storage in DMEM/F-12 but, in contrast, a good response in PCLS stored in the optimized solutions. An improved base solution with a high potassium chloride concentration optimizes cold storage of PCLS and allows shipment between laboratories and stockpiling of tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Tigges
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Eggerbauer
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Worek
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
| | - Horst Thiermann
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
| | - Ursula Rauen
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Timo Wille
- Bundeswehr Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
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13
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Selo MA, Sake JA, Kim KJ, Ehrhardt C. In vitro and ex vivo models in inhalation biopharmaceutical research - advances, challenges and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113862. [PMID: 34256080 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral inhalation results in pulmonary drug targeting and thereby reduces systemic side effects, making it the preferred means of drug delivery for the treatment of respiratory disorders such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cystic fibrosis. In addition, the high alveolar surface area, relatively low enzymatic activity and rich blood supply of the distal airspaces offer a promising pathway to the systemic circulation. This is particularly advantageous when a rapid onset of pharmacological action is desired or when the drug is suffering from stability issues or poor biopharmaceutical performance following oral administration. Several cell and tissue-based in vitro and ex vivo models have been developed over the years, with the intention to realistically mimic pulmonary biological barriers. It is the aim of this review to critically discuss the available models regarding their advantages and limitations and to elaborate further which biopharmaceutical questions can and cannot be answered using the existing models.
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14
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Herbert J, Laskin DL, Gow AJ, Laskin JD. Chemical warfare agent research in precision-cut tissue slices-a useful alternative approach. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1480:44-53. [PMID: 32808309 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) in military conflicts and against civilians is a recurrent problem. Despite ongoing CWA research using in vitro or in vivo models, progress to elucidate mechanisms of toxicity and to develop effective therapies, decontamination procedures, and general countermeasures is still limited. Novel scientific approaches to address these questions are needed to expand perspectives on existing knowledge and gain new insights. To achieve this, the use of ex vivo techniques like precision-cut tissue slices (PCTSs) can be a valuable approach. Existing studies employing this economical and relatively easy to implement method show model suitability and comparability with the use of in vitro and in vivo models. In this article, we review research on CWAs in PCTSs to illustrate the advantages of the approach and to promote future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Herbert
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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15
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Evans KV, Lee J. Alveolar wars: The rise of in vitro models to understand human lung alveolar maintenance, regeneration, and disease. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:867-881. [PMID: 32272001 PMCID: PMC7381809 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia injure the gas-exchanging alveoli of the human lung. Animal studies have indicated that dysregulation of alveolar cells, including alveolar type II stem/progenitor cells, is implicated in disease pathogenesis. Due to mouse-human differences, there has been a desperate need to develop human-relevant lung models that can more closely recapitulate the human lung during homeostasis, injury repair, and disease. Here we discuss how current single-cell RNA sequencing studies have increased knowledge of the cellular and molecular composition of human lung alveoli, including the identification of molecular heterogeneity, cellular diversity, and previously unknown cell types, some of which arise specifically during disease. For functional analysis of alveolar cells, in vitro human alveolar organoids established from human pluripotent stem cells, embryonic progenitors, and adult tissue from both healthy and diseased lungs have modeled aspects of the cellular and molecular features of alveolar epithelium. Drawbacks of such systems are highlighted, along with possible solutions. Organoid-on-a-chip and ex vivo systems including precision-cut lung slices can complement organoid studies by providing further cellular and structural complexity of lung tissues, and have been shown to be invaluable models of human lung disease, while the production of acellular and synthetic scaffolds hold promise in lung transplant efforts. Further improvements to such systems will increase understanding of the underlying biology of human alveolar stem/progenitor cells, and could lead to future therapeutic or pharmacological intervention in patients suffering from end-stage lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly V. Evans
- Wellcome – MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Joo‐Hyeon Lee
- Wellcome – MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Physiology, Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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16
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Shrestha S, Cho W, Stump B, Imani J, Lamattina AM, Louis PH, Pazzanese J, Rosas IO, Visner G, Perrella MA, El-Chemaly S. FK506 induces lung lymphatic endothelial cell senescence and downregulates LYVE-1 expression, with associated decreased hyaluronan uptake. Mol Med 2020; 26:75. [PMID: 32736525 PMCID: PMC7395348 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic lymphangiogenesis in an orthotopic lung transplant model has been shown to improve acute allograft rejection that is mediated at least in part through hyaluronan drainage. Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor (LYVE-1) expressed on the surface of lymphatic endothelial cells plays important roles in hyaluronan uptake. The impact of current immunosuppressive therapies on lung lymphatic endothelial cells is largely unknown. We tested the hypothesis that FK506, the most commonly used immunosuppressant after lung transplantation, induces lung lymphatic endothelial cell dysfunction. METHODS Lung lymphatic endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and treated with FK506. Telomerase activity was measured using the TRAP assay. Protein expression of LYVE-1 and senescence markers p21 and β-galactosidase was assessed with western blotting. Matrigel tubulation assay were used to investigate the effects of FK506 on TNF-α-induced lymphangiogenesis. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm NFAT-dependent transcriptional regulation of LYVE-1. Flow cytometry was used to examine the effects of FK506 on LYVE-1 in precision-cut-lung-slices ex vivo and on hyaluronan uptake in vitro. RESULTS In vitro, FK506 downregulated telomerase reverse transcriptase expression, resulting in decreased telomerase activity and subsequent induction of p21 expression and cell senescence. Treatment with FK506 decreased LYVE-1 mRNA and protein levels and resulted in decreased LEC HA uptake. Similar result showing reduction of LYVE-1 expression when treated with FK506 was observed ex vivo. We identified a putative NFAT binding site on the LYVE-1 promoter and cloned this region of the promoter in a luciferase-based reporter construct. We showed that this NFAT binding site regulates LYVE-1 transcription, and mutation of this binding site blunted FK506-dependent downregulation of LYVE-1 promoter-dependent transcription. Finally, FK506-treated lymphatic endothelial cells show a blunted response to TNF-α-mediated lymphangiogenesis. CONCLUSION FK506 alters lymphatic endothelial cell molecular characteristics and causes lymphatic endothelial cell dysfunction in vitro and ex vivo. These effects of FK506 on lymphatic endothelial cell may impair the ability of the transplanted lung to drain hyaluronan macromolecules in vivo. The implications of our findings on the long-term health of lung allografts merit more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikshya Shrestha
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Woohyun Cho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Present Address: Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin Stump
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jewel Imani
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anthony M Lamattina
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pierce H Louis
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - James Pazzanese
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Ivan O Rosas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Gary Visner
- Deparmtent of Pediatrics, Boston Children Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark A Perrella
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Souheil El-Chemaly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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17
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Klouda T, Condon D, Hao Y, Tian W, Lvova M, Chakraborty A, Nicolls MR, Zhou X, Raby BA, Yuan K. From 2D to 3D: Promising Advances in Imaging Lung Structure. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:343. [PMID: 32766264 PMCID: PMC7381109 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The delicate structure of murine lungs poses many challenges for acquiring high-quality images that truly represent the living lung. Here, we describe several optimized procedures for obtaining and imaging murine lung tissue. Compared to traditional paraffin cross-section and optimal cutting temperature (OCT), agarose-inflated vibratome sections (aka precision-cut lung slices), combines comparable structural preservation with experimental flexibility. In particular, we discuss an optimized procedure to precision-cut lung slices that can be used to visualize three-dimensional cell-cell interactions beyond the limitations of two-dimensional imaging. Super-resolution microscopy can then be used to reveal the fine structure of lung tissue's cellular bodies and processes that regular confocal cannot. Lastly, we evaluate the entire lung vasculature with clearing technology that allows imaging of the entire volume of the lung without sectioning. In this manuscript, we combine the above procedures to create a novel and evolutionary method to study cell behavior ex vivo, trace and reconstruct pulmonary vasculature, address fundamental questions relevant to a wide variety of vascular disorders, and perceive implications to better imaging clinical tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Klouda
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Condon
- Division of Pulmonary, Allery and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Yuan Hao
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wen Tian
- Division of Pulmonary, Allery and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Maria Lvova
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ananya Chakraborty
- Division of Pulmonary, Allery and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mark R. Nicolls
- Division of Pulmonary, Allery and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Benjamin A. Raby
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ke Yuan
- Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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18
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Barton KT, Conklin DR, Ranabhat RS, Harper M, Holmes-Cobb LM, Martinez Soto MH, Waterman JT. Methacholine induced airway contraction in porcine precision cut lung slices from indoor and outdoor reared pigs. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2805-2813. [PMID: 32655811 PMCID: PMC7344084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive exposure to bioaerosols in swine production facilities (SPF) promotes respiratory dysfunction in workers and animals. An adequate understanding of the impact of the SPF environment on pulmonary physiology is needed. However, there is currently no sufficient ex vivo model to investigate the cause for agriculture-related lung disease. The precision cut lung slices (PCLS) technique represents a practical and useful procedure for ex vivo studies. Our goal was to use the PCLS technique to develop a model of agriculture-related lung diseases using a physiologically relevant animal model, the domesticated pig. Freshly prepared pig lung tissue cores were sectioned into 300 µm slices and viability was measured by lactate dehydrogenase activity and live/dead staining. Airway contractility in response to a methacholine (MCh) dose gradient (10-7-10-4 M) was measured. After the last MCh dose, PCLS were incubated with 1 mM chloroquine to allow airways to relax. Time-lapse images were taken every minute for 35 minutes and used to determine airway lumen area changes. Porcine PCLS remained viable and demonstrated metabolic activity for three days. PCLS from indoor and outdoor pigs contracted in response to MCh exposure and relaxed when incubated with chloroquine. Notably, PCLS of indoor pigs showed greater airway constriction in response to 10-5 M MCh exposure compared to outdoor pig PCLS (P<0.05). These data suggest that exposure to the indoor pig production environment may be associated with hyperresponsiveness in swine airways, and support future studies to investigate lung response to inflammatory substances using the porcine PCLS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke’Yona T Barton
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboro, USA
| | - Dawn R Conklin
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboro, USA
| | - Rohit S Ranabhat
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboro, USA
- Applied Science and Technology Program, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboro, USA
| | - Marquis Harper
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboro, USA
| | - La’Neesa M Holmes-Cobb
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboro, USA
| | - Margarita H Martinez Soto
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboro, USA
| | - Jenora T Waterman
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboro, USA
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19
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Mondoñedo JR, Bartolák-Suki E, Bou Jawde S, Nelson K, Cao K, Sonnenberg A, Obrochta WP, Imsirovic J, Ram-Mohan S, Krishnan R, Suki B. A High-Throughput System for Cyclic Stretching of Precision-Cut Lung Slices During Acute Cigarette Smoke Extract Exposure. Front Physiol 2020; 11:566. [PMID: 32655401 PMCID: PMC7326018 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Precision-cut lung slices (PCLSs) are a valuable tool in studying tissue responses to an acute exposure; however, cyclic stretching may be necessary to recapitulate physiologic, tidal breathing conditions. Objectives To develop a multi-well stretcher and characterize the PCLS response following acute exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Methods A 12-well stretching device was designed, built, and calibrated. PCLS were obtained from male Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 10) and assigned to one of three groups: 0% (unstretched), 5% peak-to-peak amplitude (low-stretch), and 5% peak-to-peak amplitude superimposed on 10% static stretch (high-stretch). Lung slices were cyclically stretched for 12 h with or without CSE in the media. Levels of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and its tissue inhibitor (TIMP1), and membrane type-MMP (MT1-MMP) were assessed via western blot from tissue homogenate. Results The stretcher system produced nearly identical normal Lagrangian strains (Exx and Eyy, p > 0.999) with negligible shear strain (Exy < 0.0005) and low intra-well variability 0.127 ± 0.073%. CSE dose response curve was well characterized by a four-parameter logistic model (R2 = 0.893), yielding an IC50 value of 0.018 cig/mL. Cyclic stretching for 12 h did not decrease PCLS viability. Two-way ANOVA detected a significant interaction between CSE and stretch pattern for IL-1β (p = 0.017), MMP-1, TIMP1, and MT1-MMP (p < 0.001). Conclusion This platform is capable of high-throughput testing of an acute exposure under tightly-regulated, cyclic stretching conditions. We conclude that the acute mechano-inflammatory response to CSE exhibits complex, stretch-dependence in the PCLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarred R Mondoñedo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth Bartolák-Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Samer Bou Jawde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kara Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Adam Sonnenberg
- Department of Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Walter Patrick Obrochta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jasmin Imsirovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sumati Ram-Mohan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Béla Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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20
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Abstract
Although lung transplant remains the only option for patients suffering from end-stage lung failure, donor supply is insufficient to meet demand. Static cold preservation is the most common method to preserve lungs in transport to the recipient; however, this method does not improve lung quality and only allows for 8 h of storage. This results in lungs which become available for donation but cannot be used due to failure to meet physiologic criteria or an inability to store them for a sufficient time to find a suitable recipient. Therefore, lungs lost due to failure to meet physiological or compatibility criteria may be mitigated through preservation methods which improve lung function and storage durations. Ex situ lung perfusion (ESLP) is a recently developed method which allows for longer storage times and has been demonstrated to improve lung function such that rejected lungs can be accepted for donation. Although greater use of ESLP will help to improve donor lung utilization, the ability to cryopreserve lungs would allow for organ banking to better utilize donor lungs. However, lung cryopreservation research remains underrepresented in the literature despite its unique advantages for cryopreservation over other organs. Therefore, this review will discuss the current techniques for lung preservation, static cold preservation and ESLP, and provide a review of the cryopreservation challenges and advantages unique to lungs.
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21
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Preserving Airway Smooth Muscle Contraction in Precision-Cut Lung Slices. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6480. [PMID: 32296115 PMCID: PMC7160136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) are ideal for measuring small airway contraction. However, these measurements are currently limited to acute exposure scenarios that typically last a few minutes to a few hours. Using an insulin-supplemented culture medium, we prolong the small airway contractility in mouse PCLS for up to two weeks. Compared to conventional culture medium, insulin-supplemented culture medium provides no additional benefit in preserving cellular viability or airway structure. However, it protects the airway smooth muscle (ASM) against a loss of smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC) expression. We elucidate the significance of this new culture medium for chronic disease modeling of IL-13-induced airway hyper-responsiveness.
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22
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Dragunas G, Woest ME, Nijboer S, Bos ST, van Asselt J, de Groot AP, Vohlídalová E, Vermeulen CJ, Ditz B, Vonk JM, Koppelman GH, van den Berge M, Ten Hacken NHT, Timens W, Munhoz CD, Prakash YS, Gosens R, Kistemaker LEM. Cholinergic neuroplasticity in asthma driven by TrkB signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:7703-7717. [PMID: 32277855 PMCID: PMC7302963 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000170r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Parasympathetic neurons in the airways control bronchomotor tone. Increased activity of cholinergic neurons are mediators of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma, however, mechanisms are not elucidated. We describe remodeling of the cholinergic neuronal network in asthmatic airways driven by brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). Human bronchial biopsies were stained for cholinergic marker vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). Human lung gene expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in neuroplasticity‐related genes were compared between asthma and healthy patients. Wild‐type (WT) and mutated TrkB knock‐in mice (Ntrk2tm1Ddg/J) with impaired BDNF signaling were chronically exposed to ovalbumin (OVA). Neuronal VAChT staining and airway narrowing in response to electrical field stimulation in precision cut lung slices (PCLS) were assessed. Increased cholinergic fibers in asthmatic airway biopsies was found, paralleled by increased TrkB gene expression in human lung tissue, and SNPs in the NTRK2 [TrkB] and BDNF genes linked to asthma. Chronic allergen exposure in mice resulted in increased density of cholinergic nerves, which was prevented by inhibiting TrkB. Increased nerve density resulted in AHR in vivo and in increased nerve‐dependent airway reactivity in lung slices mediated via TrkB. These findings show cholinergic neuroplasticity in asthma driven by TrkB signaling and suggest that the BDNF‐TrkB pathway may be a potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Dragunas
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manon E Woest
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Nijboer
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie T Bos
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janet van Asselt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anne P de Groot
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Vohlídalová
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Corneel J Vermeulen
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, UMCG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Benedikt Ditz
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, UMCG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Judith M Vonk
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, UMCG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard H Koppelman
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, UMCG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nick H T Ten Hacken
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, UMCG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, UMCG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carolina D Munhoz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Loes E M Kistemaker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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23
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Ram-Mohan S, Bai Y, Schaible N, Ehrlicher AJ, Cook DP, Suki B, Stoltz DA, Solway J, Ai X, Krishnan R. Tissue traction microscopy to quantify muscle contraction within precision-cut lung slices. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 318:L323-L330. [PMID: 31774304 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00297.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In asthma, acute bronchospasm is driven by contractile forces of airway smooth muscle (ASM). These forces can be imaged in the cultured ASM cell or assessed in the muscle strip and the tracheal/bronchial ring, but in each case, the ASM is studied in isolation from the native airway milieu. Here, we introduce a novel platform called tissue traction microscopy (TTM) to measure ASM contractile force within porcine and human precision-cut lung slices (PCLS). Compared with the conventional measurements of lumen area changes in PCLS, TTM measurements of ASM force changes are 1) more sensitive to bronchoconstrictor stimuli, 2) less variable across airways, and 3) provide spatial information. Notably, within every human airway, TTM measurements revealed local regions of high ASM contraction that we call "stress hotspots". As an acute response to cyclic stretch, these hotspots promptly decreased but eventually recovered in magnitude, spatial location, and orientation, consistent with local ASM fluidization and resolidification. By enabling direct and precise measurements of ASM force, TTM should accelerate preclinical studies of airway reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumati Ram-Mohan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yan Bai
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Niccole Schaible
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allen J Ehrlicher
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel P Cook
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Bela Suki
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David A Stoltz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Julian Solway
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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Liu B, Henry AP, Azimi S, Miller S, Lee FK, Lee JC, Probert K, Kotlikoff MI, Sayers I, Hall IP. Exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) reduces contractile response of small airways from GSTCD-/- mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221899. [PMID: 31513609 PMCID: PMC6742219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Genome-Wide Association Studies suggest glutathione S transferase C terminal domain (GSTCD) may play a role in development of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. We aimed to define the potential role of GSTCD in airway inflammation and contraction using precision cut lung slice (PCLS) from wild-type (GSTCD+/+) and GSTCD knockout mice (GSTCD-/-). Methods PCLS from age and gender matched GSTCD+/+ and GSTCD-/- mice were prepared using a microtome. Contraction was studied after applying either a single dose of Methacholine (Mch) (1 μM) or different doses of Mch (0.001 to 100 μM). Each slice was then treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle (PBS) for 24 hours. PCLS contraction in the same airway was repeated before and after stimulation. Levels of TNFα production was also measured. Results There were no differences in contraction of PCLS from GSTCD+/+ and GSTCD-/- mice in response to Mch (EC50 of GSTCD+/+ vs GSTCD-/- animals: 100.0±20.7 vs 107.7±24.5 nM, p = 0.855, n = 6 animals/group). However, after LPS treatment, there was a 31.6% reduction in contraction in the GSTCD-/- group (p = 0.023, n = 6 animals). There was no significant difference between PBS and LPS treatment groups in GSTCD+/+ animals. We observed a significant increase in TNFα production induced by LPS in GSTCD-/- lung slices compared to the GSTCD+/+ LPS treated slices. Conclusion GSTCD knockout mice showed an increased responsiveness to LPS (as determined by TNFα production) that was accompanied by a reduced contraction of small airways in PCLS. These data highlight an unrecognised potential function of GSTCD in mediating inflammatory signals that affect airway responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, & National Institute for Health Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda P. Henry
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, & National Institute for Health Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Sheyda Azimi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, & National Institute for Health Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Miller
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, & National Institute for Health Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Frank K. Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Jane C. Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Kelly Probert
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, & National Institute for Health Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Michael I. Kotlikoff
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Ian Sayers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, & National Institute for Health Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Ian P. Hall
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, & National Institute for Health Medicine, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
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25
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Liu G, Betts C, Cunoosamy DM, Åberg PM, Hornberg JJ, Sivars KB, Cohen TS. Use of precision cut lung slices as a translational model for the study of lung biology. Respir Res 2019; 20:162. [PMID: 31324219 PMCID: PMC6642541 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models remain invaluable for study of respiratory diseases, however, translation of data generated in genetically homogeneous animals housed in a clean and well-controlled environment does not necessarily provide insight to the human disease situation. In vitro human systems such as air liquid interface (ALI) cultures and organ-on-a-chip models have attempted to bridge the divide between animal models and human patients. However, although 3D in nature, these models struggle to recreate the architecture and complex cellularity of the airways and parenchyma, and therefore cannot mimic the complex cell-cell interactions in the lung. To address this issue, lung slices have emerged as a useful ex vivo tool for studying the respiratory responses to inflammatory stimuli, infection, and novel drug compounds. This review covers the practicality of precision cut lung slice (PCLS) generation and benefits of this ex vivo culture system in modeling human lung biology and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Liu
- RIA Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catherine Betts
- Pathology, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Danen M Cunoosamy
- Bioscience, Respiratory Inflammation and Autoimmunity, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Present Address: Sanofi, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Per M Åberg
- RIA Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jorrit J Hornberg
- RIA Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kinga Balogh Sivars
- RIA Safety, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Taylor S Cohen
- Microbial Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, One Medimmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD, 20877, USA.
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26
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Wu X, van Dijk EM, Bos IST, Kistemaker LEM, Gosens R. Mouse Lung Tissue Slice Culture. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1940:297-311. [PMID: 30788834 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9086-3_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) represent an ex vivo model widely used in visualizing interactions between lung structure and function. The major advantage of this technique is that the presence, differentiation state, and localization of the more than 40 cell types that make up the lung are in accordance with the physiological situation found in lung tissue, including the right localization and patterning of extracellular matrix elements. Here we describe the methodology involved in preparing and culturing PCLS followed by detailed practical information about their possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Wu
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eline M van Dijk
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - I Sophie T Bos
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Loes E M Kistemaker
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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27
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Rosales Gerpe MC, van Vloten JP, Santry LA, de Jong J, Mould RC, Pelin A, Bell JC, Bridle BW, Wootton SK. Use of Precision-Cut Lung Slices as an Ex Vivo Tool for Evaluating Viruses and Viral Vectors for Gene and Oncolytic Therapy. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2018; 10:245-256. [PMID: 30112421 PMCID: PMC6092314 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Organotypic slice cultures recapitulate many features of an intact organ, including cellular architecture, microenvironment, and polarity, making them an ideal tool for the ex vivo study of viruses and viral vectors. Here, we describe a procedure for generating precision-cut ovine and murine tissue slices from agarose-perfused normal and murine melanoma tumor-bearing lungs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these precision-cut lung slices can be maintained up to 1 month and can be used for a range of applications, which include characterizing the tissue tropism of viruses that cannot be propagated in cell monolayers, evaluating the transducing properties of gene therapy vectors, and, finally, investigating the tumor specificity of oncolytic viruses. Our results suggest that ex vivo lung slices are an ideal platform for studying the tissue specificity and cancer cell selectivity of gene therapy vectors and oncolytic viruses prior to in vivo studies, providing justification for pre-clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob P. van Vloten
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lisa A. Santry
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Jondavid de Jong
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Robert C. Mould
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Adrian Pelin
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - John C. Bell
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Innovative Cancer Research, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Byram W. Bridle
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Sarah K. Wootton
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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28
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Neuhaus V, Danov O, Konzok S, Obernolte H, Dehmel S, Braubach P, Jonigk D, Fieguth HG, Zardo P, Warnecke G, Martin C, Braun A, Sewald K. Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Effects of Substances in Human Precision-cut Lung Slices. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29806827 PMCID: PMC6101160 DOI: 10.3791/57042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases in their broad diversity need appropriate model systems to understand the underlying mechanisms and enable development of new therapeutics. Additionally, registration of new substances requires appropriate risk assessment with adequate testing systems to avoid the risk of individuals being harmed, for example, in the working environment. Such risk assessments are usually conducted in animal studies. In view of the 3Rs principle and public skepticism against animal experiments, human alternative methods, such as precision-cut lung slices (PCLS), have been evolving. The present paper describes the ex vivo technique of human PCLS to study the immunomodulatory potential of low-molecular-weight substances, such as ammonium hexachloroplatinate (HClPt). Measured endpoints include viability and local respiratory inflammation, marked by altered secretion of cytokines and chemokines. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α) were significantly increased in human PCLS after exposure to a sub-toxic concentration of HClPt. Even though the technique of PCLS has been substantially optimized over the past decades, its applicability for the testing of immunomodulation is still in development. Therefore, the results presented here are preliminary, even though they show the potential of human PCLS as a valuable tool in respiratory research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Neuhaus
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence
| | - Olga Danov
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence
| | - Sebastian Konzok
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence
| | - Helena Obernolte
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence
| | - Susann Dehmel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence
| | - Peter Braubach
- Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH)
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Institute for Pathology, Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH)
| | - Hans-Gerd Fieguth
- Division of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Klinikum Region Hannover (KRH)
| | - Patrick Zardo
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH)
| | - Gregor Warnecke
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), Hannover Medical School, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH)
| | - Christian Martin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University
| | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence; Institute for Immunology, Hannover Medical School
| | - Katherina Sewald
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence;
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29
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Zscheppang K, Berg J, Hedtrich S, Verheyen L, Wagner DE, Suttorp N, Hippenstiel S, Hocke AC. Human Pulmonary 3D Models For Translational Research. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:1700341. [PMID: 28865134 PMCID: PMC7161817 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung diseases belong to the major causes of death worldwide. Recent innovative methodological developments now allow more and more for the use of primary human tissue and cells to model such diseases. In this regard, the review covers bronchial air-liquid interface cultures, precision cut lung slices as well as ex vivo cultures of explanted peripheral lung tissue and de-/re-cellularization models. Diseases such as asthma or infections are discussed and an outlook on further areas for development is given. Overall, the progress in ex vivo modeling by using primary human material could make translational research activities more efficient by simultaneously fostering the mechanistic understanding of human lung diseases while reducing animal usage in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Zscheppang
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory DiseasesCharité − Universitätsmedizin BerlinCharitèplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany
| | - Johanna Berg
- Department of BiotechnologyTechnical University of BerlinGustav‐Meyer‐Allee 25Berlin 13335Germany
| | - Sarah Hedtrich
- Institute for PharmacyPharmacology and ToxicologyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Leonie Verheyen
- Institute for PharmacyPharmacology and ToxicologyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Darcy E. Wagner
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Lung Repair and Regeneration Unit, Comprehensive Pneumology CenterMember of the German Center for Lung ResearchMunichGermany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory DiseasesCharité − Universitätsmedizin BerlinCharitèplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory DiseasesCharité − Universitätsmedizin BerlinCharitèplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany
| | - Andreas C. Hocke
- Dept. of Internal Medicine/Infectious and Respiratory DiseasesCharité − Universitätsmedizin BerlinCharitèplatz 1Berlin 10117Germany
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30
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Temann A, Golovina T, Neuhaus V, Thompson C, Chichester JA, Braun A, Yusibov V. Evaluation of inflammatory and immune responses in long-term cultured human precision-cut lung slices. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:351-358. [PMID: 27929748 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1264794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of systems that are more accurate and time-efficient in predicting safety and efficacy of target products in humans are critically important in reducing the cost and duration of pharmaceutical development. To circumvent some of the limitations imposed by the use of animal models, ex vivo systems, such as precision-cut lung slices (PCLS), have been proposed as an alternative for evaluating safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of vaccines and pharmaceuticals. In this study, we have established a human PCLS system and methodology for PCLS cultivation that can provide long-term viability and functionality in culture. Using these techniques, we found that cultured PCLS remained viable for at least 14 d in culture and maintained normal metabolic activity, tissue homeostasis and structural integrity. To investigate whether cultured PCLS remained functional, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used as a target stimulating compound. We observed that after an 18-hour incubation with LPS, cultured PCLS produced a set of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 as well as the enzyme COX-2. Furthermore, cultured PCLS were shown to be capable of generating re-call immune responses, characterized by cytokine production, against antigens commonly found in routine vaccinations against influenza virus and tetanus toxoid. Taken together, these results suggest that human PCLS have the potential to be used as an alternative, high-throughput, ex vivo system for evaluating the safety, and potentially immunogenicity, of vaccines and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Temann
- a Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology , Newark , DE , USA
| | - Tatiana Golovina
- a Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology , Newark , DE , USA
| | - Vanessa Neuhaus
- b Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine , Hannover , Germany
| | - Carolann Thompson
- a Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology , Newark , DE , USA
| | | | - Armin Braun
- b Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine , Hannover , Germany
| | - Vidadi Yusibov
- a Fraunhofer USA Center for Molecular Biotechnology , Newark , DE , USA
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31
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Bai Y, Krishnamoorthy N, Patel KR, Rosas I, Sanderson MJ, Ai X. Cryopreserved Human Precision-Cut Lung Slices as a Bioassay for Live Tissue Banking. A Viability Study of Bronchodilation with Bitter-Taste Receptor Agonists. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:656-63. [PMID: 26550921 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0290ma] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human precision-cut lung slices (hPCLSs) provide a unique ex vivo model for translational research. However, the limited and unpredictable availability of human lung tissue greatly impedes their use. Here, we demonstrate that cryopreservation of hPCLSs facilitates banking of live human lung tissue for routine use. Our results show that cryopreservation had little effect on overall cell viability and vital functions of immune cells, including phagocytes and T lymphocytes. In addition, airway contraction and relaxation in response to specific agonists and antagonists, respectively, were unchanged after cryopreservation. At the subcellular level, cryopreserved hPCLSs maintained Ca(2+)-dependent regulatory mechanisms for the control of airway smooth muscle cell contractility. To exemplify the use of cryopreserved hPCLSs in smooth muscle research, we provide evidence that bitter-taste receptor (TAS2R) agonists relax airways by blocking Ca(2+) oscillations in airway smooth muscle cells. In conclusion, the banking of cryopreserved hPCLSs provides a robust bioassay for translational research of lung physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bai
- 1 Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nandini Krishnamoorthy
- 2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Kruti R Patel
- 1 Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ivan Rosas
- 2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Michael J Sanderson
- 3 Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Xingbin Ai
- 1 Pulmonary, Allergy, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,2 Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
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32
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Rosner SR, Pascoe CD, Blankman E, Jensen CC, Krishnan R, James AL, Elliot JG, Green FH, Liu JC, Seow CY, Park JA, Beckerle MC, Paré PD, Fredberg JJ, Smith MA. The actin regulator zyxin reinforces airway smooth muscle and accumulates in airways of fatal asthmatics. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171728. [PMID: 28278518 PMCID: PMC5344679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bronchospasm induced in non-asthmatic human subjects can be easily reversed by a deep inspiration (DI) whereas bronchospasm that occurs spontaneously in asthmatic subjects cannot. This physiological effect of a DI has been attributed to the manner in which a DI causes airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells to stretch, but underlying molecular mechanisms-and their failure in asthma-remain obscure. Using cells and tissues from wild type and zyxin-/- mice we report responses to a transient stretch of physiologic magnitude and duration. At the level of the cytoskeleton, zyxin facilitated repair at sites of stress fiber fragmentation. At the level of the isolated ASM cell, zyxin facilitated recovery of contractile force. Finally, at the level of the small airway embedded with a precision cut lung slice, zyxin slowed airway dilation. Thus, at each level zyxin stabilized ASM structure and contractile properties at current muscle length. Furthermore, when we examined tissue samples from humans who died as the result of an asthma attack, we found increased accumulation of zyxin compared with non-asthmatics and asthmatics who died of other causes. Together, these data suggest a biophysical role for zyxin in fatal asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia R. Rosner
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christopher D. Pascoe
- University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Blankman
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Christopher C. Jensen
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Center for Vascular Biology Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alan L. James
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, West Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John G. Elliot
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, West Australian Sleep Disorders Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, West Australia, Australia
| | - Francis H. Green
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeffrey C. Liu
- University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chun Y. Seow
- University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jin-Ah Park
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mary C. Beckerle
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Peter D. Paré
- University of British Columbia Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeffrey J. Fredberg
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Smith
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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33
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Van Dijk EM, Culha S, Menzen MH, Bidan CM, Gosens R. Elastase-Induced Parenchymal Disruption and Airway Hyper Responsiveness in Mouse Precision Cut Lung Slices: Toward an Ex vivo COPD Model. Front Physiol 2017; 7:657. [PMID: 28101062 PMCID: PMC5209351 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: COPD is a progressive lung disease characterized by emphysema and enhanced bronchoconstriction. Current treatments focused on bronchodilation can delay disease progression to some extent, but recovery or normalization of loss of lung function is impossible. Therefore, novel therapeutic targets are needed. The importance of the parenchyma in airway narrowing is increasingly recognized. In COPD, the parenchyma and extracellular matrix are altered, possibly affecting airway mechanics and enhancing bronchoconstriction. Our aim was to set up a comprehensive ex vivo Precision Cut Lung Slice (PCLS) model with a pathophysiology resembling that of COPD and integrate multiple readouts in order to study the relationship between parenchyma, airway functionality, and lung repair processes. Methods: Lungs of C57Bl/6J mice were sliced and treated ex vivo with elastase (2.5 μg/ml) or H2O2 (200 μM) for 16 h. Following treatment, parenchymal structure, airway narrowing, and gene expression levels of alveolar Type I and II cell repair were assessed. Results: Following elastase, but not H2O2 treatment, slices showed a significant increase in mean linear intercept (Lmi), reflective of emphysema. Only elastase-treated slices showed disorganization of elastin and collagen fibers. In addition, elastase treatment lowered both alveolar Type I and II marker expression, whereas H2O2 stimulation lowered alveolar Type I marker expression only. Furthermore, elastase-treated slices showed enhanced methacholine-induced airway narrowing as reflected by increased pEC50 (5.87 at basal vs. 6.50 after elastase treatment) and Emax values (47.96 vs. 67.30%), and impaired chloroquine-induced airway opening. The increase in pEC50 correlated with an increase in mean Lmi. Conclusion: Using this model, we show that structural disruption of elastin fibers leads to impaired alveolar repair, disruption of the parenchymal compartment, and altered airway biomechanics, enhancing airway contraction. This finding may have implications for COPD, as the amount of elastin fiber and parenchymal tissue disruption is associated with disease severity. Therefore, we suggest that PCLS can be used to model certain aspects of COPD pathophysiology and that the parenchymal tissue damage observed in COPD contributes to lung function decline by disrupting airway biomechanics. Targeting the parenchymal compartment may therefore be a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline M Van Dijk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Sule Culha
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Mark H Menzen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
| | - Cécile M Bidan
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LIPhy Grenoble, France
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, University Medical Center Groningen, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands
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34
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Hocke AC, Suttorp N, Hippenstiel S. Human lung ex vivo infection models. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 367:511-524. [PMID: 27999962 PMCID: PMC7087833 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pneumonia is counted among the leading causes of death worldwide. Viruses, bacteria and pathogen-related molecules interact with cells present in the human alveolus by numerous, yet poorly understood ways. Traditional cell culture models little reflect the cellular composition, matrix complexity and three-dimensional architecture of the human lung. Integrative animal models suffer from species differences, which are of particular importance for the investigation of zoonotic lung diseases. The use of cultured ex vivo infected human lung tissue may overcome some of these limitations and complement traditional models. The present review gives an overview of common bacterial lung infections, such as pneumococcal infection and of widely neglected pathogens modeled in ex vivo infected lung tissue. The role of ex vivo infected lung tissue for the investigation of emerging viral zoonosis including influenza A virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus is discussed. Finally, further directions for the elaboration of such models are revealed. Overall, the introduced models represent meaningful and robust methods to investigate principles of pathogen-host interaction in original human lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas C Hocke
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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35
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Hiorns JE, Bidan CM, Jensen OE, Gosens R, Kistemaker LEM, Fredberg JJ, Butler JP, Krishnan R, Brook BS. Airway and Parenchymal Strains during Bronchoconstriction in the Precision Cut Lung Slice. Front Physiol 2016; 7:309. [PMID: 27559314 PMCID: PMC4989902 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The precision-cut lung slice (PCLS) is a powerful tool for studying airway reactivity, but biomechanical measurements to date have largely focused on changes in airway caliber. Here we describe an image processing tool that reveals the associated spatio-temporal changes in airway and parenchymal strains. Displacements of sub-regions within the PCLS are tracked in phase-contrast movies acquired after addition of contractile and relaxing drugs. From displacement maps, strains are determined across the entire PCLS or along user-specified directions. In a representative mouse PCLS challenged with 10(-4)M methacholine, as lumen area decreased, compressive circumferential strains were highest in the 50 μm closest to the airway lumen while expansive radial strains were highest in the region 50-100 μm from the lumen. However, at any given distance from the airway the strain distribution varied substantially in the vicinity of neighboring small airways and blood vessels. Upon challenge with the relaxant agonist chloroquine, although most strains disappeared, residual positive strains remained a long time after addition of chloroquine, predominantly in the radial direction. Taken together, these findings establish strain mapping as a new tool to elucidate local dynamic mechanical events within the constricting airway and its supporting parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Hiorns
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK
| | - Cécile M Bidan
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble AlpesGrenoble, France; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of GroningenGroningen, Netherlands; Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
| | - Oliver E Jensen
- School of Mathematics, University of Manchester Manchester, UK
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Loes E M Kistemaker
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey J Fredberg
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jim P Butler
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bindi S Brook
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham Nottingham, UK
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36
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Watson CY, Damiani F, Ram-Mohan S, Rodrigues S, de Moura Queiroz P, Donaghey TC, Rosenblum Lichtenstein JH, Brain JD, Krishnan R, Molina RM. Screening for Chemical Toxicity Using Cryopreserved Precision Cut Lung Slices. Toxicol Sci 2015; 150:225-33. [PMID: 26719368 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess chemical toxicity, current high throughput screening (HTS) assays rely primarily on in vitro measurements using cultured cells. Responses frequently differ from in vivo results due to the lack of physical and humoral interactions provided by the extracellular matrix, cell-cell interactions, and other molecular components of the native organ. To more accurately reproduce organ complexity in HTS, we developed an organotypic assay using the cryopreserved precision cut lung slice (PCLS) from rats and mice. Compared to the never-frozen PCLS, their frozen-thawed counterpart slices showed viability or metabolic activity that is decreased to an extent comparable to that observed in other cryopreserved cells and tissues, but shows no differences in further changes in cell viability, mitochondrial integrity, and glutathione activity in response to the model toxin zinc chloride (ZnCl2). Notably, these measurements were successfully miniaturized so as to establish HTS capacity in a 96-well plate format. Finally, PCLS responses correlated with common markers of lung injury measured in lavage fluid from rats intratracheally instilled with ZnCl2. In summary, we establish that the cryopreserved PCLS is a feasible approach for HTS investigations in predictive toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Y Watson
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Flavia Damiani
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Sumati Ram-Mohan
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Sylvia Rodrigues
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Priscila de Moura Queiroz
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Thomas C Donaghey
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Jamie H Rosenblum Lichtenstein
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Joseph D Brain
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Ramon M Molina
- *Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
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37
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Krishnan R, Park JA, Seow CY, Lee PVS, Stewart AG. Cellular Biomechanics in Drug Screening and Evaluation: Mechanopharmacology. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 37:87-100. [PMID: 26651416 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The study of mechanobiology is now widespread. The impact of cell and tissue mechanics on cellular responses is well appreciated. However, knowledge of the impact of cell and tissue mechanics on pharmacological responsiveness, and its application to drug screening and mechanistic investigations, have been very limited in scope. We emphasize the need for a heightened awareness of the important bidirectional influence of drugs and biomechanics in all living systems. We propose that the term 'mechanopharmacology' be applied to approaches that employ in vitro systems, biomechanically appropriate to the relevant (patho)physiology, to identify new drugs and drug targets. This article describes the models and techniques that are being developed to transform drug screening and evaluation, ranging from a 2D environment to the dynamic 3D environment of the target expressed in the disease of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramaswamy Krishnan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin-Ah Park
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun Y Seow
- Center for Heart Lung Innovation, St Pauls Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Peter V-S Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alastair G Stewart
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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